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    17 views144 pages

    (C) Abbaques Du PUCHER

    Uploaded by

    Simo Mouadden

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 144
    Einflu8felder elastischer Platten Influence Surfaces of Elastic Plates Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. AdO1f Pucher ‘0, Profesor der Tecintien Hochachule Wien Dritte, verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage In deutscher und engliscier Sprache Englische Obersetrang durch Dipl-tog. Heinz Juhl Mit 18 Textabbildungen und 97 Tafeln 8 1964 Springer-Verlag + Wien: New York Corer ie SS Vorwort zur ersten Aullage io moderne Entwisking dce Stalbetonbaues hat velo Probleme ‘utgerit, deren Zosung Anfgabe der Hlstiitatatheri i Trabesondere ‘ideo Fichontagwerken, den Platon und Schalon end di theoetacen -Erkenntniwe und Methoden dio Voraometosng ‘ir cine where und ‘Skonomahe Anwendung tm Bauwesen; mit dove Hilfe ergubon sich ‘lerdings Mogiceitery dio man noch vor 25 Talnen ala Produkte ‘er Phastaie etrahlet ite, ‘Avy Briekenbeu. bat sich eine Art der ‘hoon icharen Pints erobert. Ex it nicht-nar bel Muslvbrleken, sndem fasoh bel Stalbrdcken someagen zor Hegel gowordan, Stablbeton Fake Tbaplatton na verwendea, well daa rveldinonsonalo Krafeapil, dae ‘eolahon Patan ontatet, roe SeGtaweltn bel oinem Bavstotafand ‘bu Oberspennn erlaubt, wean man die Schnittke nach enem theo tinh sinwandiien Verfahren emits. ‘Die Balastungaform der Fuhrbahnplatton unterstheidet sak von den sonst in Bauwosen madgebenden Belatongen wemisios. Wahrend fan Hoch. und etbeu im lgomeinen di fodweieVollnastung dio groBten “Anatrngungen voruecht, aad bet den Fabrbahnpatten ie durch dio inwalnen Reddvicke heregeruenen, af Hin Bere konentrirten ‘allelantangen mabgebond, Dio. Sannigatghetdiwer Tlastunge former Bt dio Anwendung yon Formeln oder Tabelle absiehsls rine. ‘Die Berecbnang wied josh she enfach, wenn man sich dee Binta- feideebedint, Die Enlablader cad yonder Bolatangaform anabhingig tnd Kinnen fr jeden Lastfall mlon anagewertet werd. So stallon ‘dw aveldimensinale Analogon ru den lndimensionalen HinfuSinen fdr Stabwerke der, ie bl dor Borechnang der Brickentragverks anch ‘nicht meke enter werden Kinaen ‘Dio Tinleder worden in der Praxie schon viefch verwendet, da in Tell schon yorentlcht int, jedoch soeh nosh nit verdentlchte ‘on mir verehedentich zur Verfigung geet warden, Sn haben sich In dor Anwendung beans brwdhrt. lo Herangabe one ersten, einige ‘uaen velldadigen, Folge vom KiataGfldor wid daber Bald fr [den tit dor Berechnang vou Plates, Snsbosondire von Pabebabn- Foreword to the First Bdition ‘The development of moder relnfored concrete contraction reeled n many problems whowe soltion ia task of the theory of elicit. In particular for plies and hols « Inowledge of theory and methods na perequlae for thelr ufo and economia! appliction in constuction, ‘Ther application, however, open pomibities which were coniderod fantastic 26 years ag. "Th platen ocouped thie place in bilge conaretion ano, Te Besasne ‘the rle to ae reinforced concrete den ala not oly for concrete ridgee ‘bt al forsee bridges, beans, the two-dimensional force system of ‘thes plat permits large span lngthe by wall material quanttion, ‘provided, the Inoral foros a determined by a elible theory. ‘Tho mode of loin of bridge deck dab difers considerably frome the governing loadings in generl comatrostion, Whetone the uniform total lading of individual spans produce, in general, the maximem streme in general cocarucion, partial leding, soncentated on stall fear and due to the individual whee! lad ace governing for bridge (ak labs. Tho maliplicty of these modos of londings sooms to exslude ‘he vee of formula oe tables. However, the analysis becomes very simple if ono net inlunoo surfacn, Th infoenee setae are indapendent of the tande of oeding tnd ean bo evaluatodenally foreach load coe. They seprxet tho wo: Aimensional analogue of the on-dimensional infuence ines for plane ‘tractrea which ae indiopnaubl for the ans of bridge attctare ssn, Tinuence surfaces ae ding wand quite fRequently in practice as a part of them hag been pablithod aleady, and those which have not bron pedahed yet ware supplied ocasonlly by ae for thet uo. Thay proved to bo voy rafal i thelr practical eppllation. Thus, aller ite ‘iin, the fst, nearly complet colletion of influence surface i toon Become = value tol for everyone engnged withthe analyse nf 1 oe ye ee pltten, Blabten ein wertvolles Hla werden. Di zwifllos noch fervinachto Bigloag durch weitere Rinfufelder fur Platten it fandoren Randbedingangen tnd Sitenverhatniwn wied Anfgabe dor ele eon, io umfamsnde Semmlung von 62 Kinfusfelder, die munmae der Onassis bergsben wid, iat das Rrgsinis vor APbaten, die sch ‘ber elnsnbalb Jahrachte Knsishn. Es war si mubooler Wog, ‘on den orten theoretichen Anatzon bi den Methoden nu glangen, ‘ach denon hte die Fingudtlderbreehnet werden. Ono die Fordereng, ‘ie dines Werk von vielen Seiten ef, wire das Ergebnis wohl nicht ‘intande gekomnen. Dio Wichtghoit den Peobloma erent, hat tuort der Devtacio Avehud {0 Eienbeion aber Antrag von Prof Dmsonnsosn, Bevin, dio Arbeiten groSrigig gefdrlert, deron Eegenin in Hef 00 diows Atschoaon nndorgolgt ist Weller Pirderang olen Init die Gealnchaft von Freunden der Technischen HosbacleBeri CChavotenbang undo. Gesellhats vom Frovnden der Tachachen “Hocheshule Winn angedehen. Schleich verdanke Ich dle Frigttiung ‘doe Werken dem Verstndnie und Bptgegenkommen, das ich bel det ‘Bowunterehmong Ed. Ast & Co, Ing, Gra, gefaden babe. ‘Die Zahl miner Mitarbeiter ian Lots der Jato war gro. Die Namen ore, dio dutch slbstindign, winenschafiche Arbelten zor Weiter fentwioblang der ‘Theorie und der Bfetboden beigetragen haben, sind ‘ler Rinleiteng und im Seritumneversichais erent. Um dia Barechasns ‘er indutlder sella, haben woh dio Moron B. Vere, K Ziv, ‘W, Kozroxz KF. Souansen, W. Dwonzax, R. Sxtbanit,G. Newtoras and F. Nxowaven bemiht, Tien allen ae ir dco Miarbit der Dank soagopeochen. Tish it ex mir nosh angenchme Pileht, dem Speinger-Verlag ‘ar dio Verlogeng snd tenlonall gute Auatattung 20 danken Gra, im Mare 1051 Der Verte platen particule 20 thou engaged wit bridge deck slabs Tho, without Aloabt, disitablo supplementation by additonal in foonen eiface. of ies with difornt edge conditions nd ide ration wil ben tas for tho Tate ‘The colton, comprising 52 inBoenos surface, hich i mae now to the pubic isthe real of work which extend Over one end one-half ‘ot decade, {thas been a burdensome journey fom tho fst theoretial ‘emaepion to the mthods by whi iafwneenface ar Being competed tarday. Without tho support of thie work by Toany petticg tho result may nes have boon aeicved, Recognising he importance ofthe problem, the Deviche Ansehuf far Risonbeton, agtng on request by Profesor Discrmsorn of Helin, inily supported the work in'm generoos wey ‘The est of tia work ls rportd in Publication No. 00 of thin Inatiate ‘Aditioal sppert was given mo by the Gealehat von Freunden det ‘Teeischen Hochschule Dein Charttonbarg, and by the Geslchatt von Frounden der Technischen Hoshichule Wien. Futthermore, T owe {hecompletion of thie work to the eorstrction ompany Ha. Ast & Com pany, Engine, Gra, boron of thls balpfleu aml derstanding ‘The numberof may aaistats during the years was large. The namos of thom who have contribited with thet ows rxaroh work to he farehet= ‘nce of th theory and the wthode are named ner Inirodection nd Index of Refirenow, Inthe computation ofthe lnflaace sraces ef, the folowing were mgaged: B. Vere, K, Zoaiuivo, W. WoBroxe, KF. Souwanten, W. Dwotras, R. Sxipaac, G. Nrriovar, and Neviayrn, To al of thom thanks ls extended for thelr contributions, inaly, I want to tank the Springer-Verlag for the publication and ‘the teuitfonaly good Inout of the book (Grn, in Mase, 2954 The Authoe ee ae ee eee es Vorwort zur dritten Auflage Inder 3, flags wurden 12 nove Hilder ay den 81 Beer er 2 Anflage hinge gt ‘Dis noven Einar diesen der Borechnang von Pattonfonnen, 4 sich im Zogo der Bntwiekung der Spamibetoubeicken as whe wit= ‘chalich eewiewen haben Es et dion die auf seh Hanptsrige,shno ‘Mitwikang von Quertrgern abgestttte, gegchonenalee vorgcepannte Plate und dia nor an den Hauptttagem ciageapanate, sehr als Faire stzifen brete, aunbragede Platt, auf dor aot nor Fudginger unt adwege interaubringen sind, sondern dio aoch dor Delastang dugch sabgeirte Fabroogo" standethalton hat Der Borechnung der emigenansten Plattonart dlenen dle Tafel 1 big 16, jonor der weit ssakragenden Plats di Tafel 17 bi 20. ‘Dio 7 Belpeo snd dem neoeatan Stand engepat vd dic Anwendung er neu hingugekommenon Tafel gest Bei der Beresinang nd Konatrtion det nen) afgenommenen ‘Tefin 17 bis 20, warde vor don Hrgenisen von B, Dives) auoge sungen. Die Tafa 3,4, 7, 8, 0, 10,14 und 19 warden nen berechnet, Fei diven Arbiten huben mish Dr, E, Toxat und Dr. G. Vauexros tatiratig vaterttet. Thnen asi f6r dio Mitarblt Destens gedaikt, ‘Dis. grole Verbrivang, dio aie Einfulfeldee" bereits gefunden Inder, led winachenewerterchinna, den eeldronden Text auch in finer rwvten Sprache darsatllan, For dlc oogfetige Uberctzng wh lee Dipl-Ing. Heine G, Juan bono bedankt, wie da Springer-Verng {die Sg, der ach der 3. Aaflge dienes Weekes angodeton le. Wien, im Mire 19084 Der Verfaee Foreword to the Third Edition mn the third eiton, 12 now influence aurfisee were add to the St ntuence surfs of th second edition ‘These new infoonc surfaces hap in the analy of pte forma which, in tho dovelopment of prsteaed concrete bridges, turned out to be ‘ery economical. These aro the plato which i apported by Swe gledts ‘nly, without mippor by diaphragms and poubly prestressed, end the ‘aleve plate hich is fed at the prders only and which in wider ‘han ¢ tealc lane and carsce ot only sidewalk and bieycle path bet Jn to ssialn ls Toads Erm “dalotd while ‘The charts 1 to 6 serve in the analysis of th St typo of plate, ad ‘he chara 17 to 20 in he analysis ofthe large span cenover plas. ‘Tho oven example are up-todat, and the applisaton of the wl ‘added carta has bon explained. ‘The computation and the design ofthe nowy added charts 17 to 20 ‘van based on the rola by B. Birexen, The carta 8, 4,7, 8,9, 10, Wand 18 were computed anew. I wan suppeted energetialy thin swotk hy Dr. B Toxo and Dr G, Vataweiy, whem T thank ence {ox thir o0-opration. Beau of the wile accoptan whlch the “EintaSflde” (ntuence surface) have found already, it appeared deable to prevont the ox- planing text Ino apoond language: Thanks are expremed 0 Mr. Heinz 6G. Jomt, Dipl-Ing for his carefl translation, ad tothe Spring Verlag for the cae which i Letowed om the Ue ein, ano ‘enna, in March 1004 ‘The Astor mer oC os we a eg eA Inhaltsverzeichnis ‘ofeversnie $2. Bintang 4.2, Korae Darling det ‘Tore der Kinder $9, Dis Bekennung der Einfuflder $4 Dis Auwertong dee Hinfbfeder 1) Die Kinfulder £4 Momento 1) Die KinduBlelder fir dio Quer- wud Stitekree ©) Die Verfahren ear Volum und Flishetereahnung $5. Amending 6 Dio Genanghat der Begone 47. Dio erweitrto Anwendang der Hitubeiee Seheiftomanachwe 7 Momenten-Eindudllde, Zahlotatln fe Volbelatung prcnst BindubfeldeeTafen 196 Contents Index of Chart $1. Inteoduetion 152. A bref promntation of the tory of the influence surfaces 5. The Sdentication of the infuenoe surfaces 454. The evaluation of the infnence surfaces 5) Th inluneo surface of momenta 1) Tho Influence woes for tho shar and support frees 6) The methods of volume and azee computation 49 Heamples of applicasion 6. tho wocuracy of the reuts 7. The extended applzation of the huluenoe surfaces Tide of refrenoon Moment inkienaewisfaccy, Tables for vuiformly distrbted oad pronutant . Inca surfaces ear 3-96 BREE Secau He 23 Tl ont & ‘Tafelverzelchnis — Jadex of Charts Pattensreten — Patesteipe me Rill fa Hdtesace Pastis Sie a ides Rt elation stn far thy mie St 8 ates Sia eo prt dan tins) ‘mii! fel auflogenden Rinicen (8h) SWRiertal Sr cin ifuonce aurfaeo for the cence of « plate-sr Se ite mapped edges (8--ia) f snd fie de, Vira sce Pen, Sete eta es Ip With toa mera eins (Scans) ‘ras 10 sepBnantl the dn Van ce Pen, ———" 1, Sea hcg dee oe ‘Seles asf guerra He Lap'UGN te 'tppoe oe zm) 5 Bn de Pie om Prion Fi EES saree ea eee —— ae inten unr the er of phinain ene pr a nar Fold iPass F 7 see eaman tel haga On, sinter fr th ena ola wth Taher is curmeeates —— man 7. my Hinfualedd fr den Viertelpunks aba dom. froi puma ted st ie lr te oo" ote 1 ncn, un forte ea in 7 nitrsccs utara Loan nnd don Verge Eigen Tard in Pitemrtine mai ien i ‘pel si ago fi ah Deena el Pl ee ingabad far den Vayu nate dam sng ‘en Hand oat Pasties ot lem iit nf an fn) ‘Rinod eign spatowtip" etd oeelsed sad (Pnpmad Sie men min ts do Vpn tb em Se trelntnony sao fr th Sear git ee tht ‘hicoe! cigs of isteip wis aed ead Spel Sige ges) meSintonomm-RintuOhld den stngepeton ‘iu inl’ ceili so pl egos Sel coe sagopa Hand cy nS ifn ure the raed ‘Spe Pepiaatsy ihe upped end’ Peat SE slime) npn te Ponte a Pin ‘Relntueen arn forthe omer fw pliesrip SATS cain ese fos eBid fe ie Pie vne Psieniion Shwe ‘Sinan (sso Tha two retrained wags (8 tance) meBindabld fur don Viele sie Pie THEE E et opment Min ec Inetntomne ates fori qurorpnt ate pe apr hee mained cs orm -— — ‘Tad 18 mp Rind for dm, Vitis Pine ‘Rita mit owe! engepenstan Rando (each ac 1 tains sce fr the nario pate Sap thae to tele cyl ren | “Tall 16, memento den Rand io Pian ‘Rhos mit me ype Rando (6a) Cet 16 ne gpa mnt lao trac fo te ef ‘pulp wi wo mina em (nce) ahd 17 mpSioumommt istBbld fie dn sngmptanion Riser stlegenden Musee Perch ‘cu 1. meson umn Buen vrei ee rey apie ‘Tt 176 me itemomant Binal (OF den sng ‘Row soeremden termes Pre Oy Stau'emaey (uc 17 Supper marent inane tras fe ee rt See Stowe prise = "Tal 16, me Hngustd for die Fite im selzagnden Pateweray (het 8 yee a Enns Sp tings atey 2 1d Bima) beatin FT ne eats fa ae Pte sna eninge F ‘Hisaariea ewes Oye aA Sea (Chart 184, mene trace ri cetarof feteee “ation Gangs 0 92 38 Btn) Tre tm mtn fee Flite ans sateen Fhtetetena Berichte ye sh Ses) (ear, mle aoe for the ctr of sntloer Buttep anh aie yeaa. Sim) Tota 19a Hina Cae di Folmiioneesragenden = ‘Fiiewtaen Dac O29 2 20 flo) ntsesy tinge 0 yc 2b Be) "uth 20 my Bini en in and it ated ‘attmtiee Danie hate ye sie 8 ac) ‘cmt 28 mentanne at ye a gy oe ana Bitoni ale ye sh tats 06 int i on fn Rand ‘Sidiearatine Bana 0 ye ate ‘har 204, my names he fa ee of» sever iAbisisy tongs Oy 20K sme ave Platten Haatretor — SemPlatetript "Tul 2. my Steere intl far di ite den eng ‘Pisani Sri Salts, Tie wey ‘ct 2. roppr ten ns mas fr he sna of Setar te eet Sey ‘footprints (iy ala Mm nO Sk ae Mie de Sl Quron {se Mortalsiaine mit Sf wae Leper tac) ‘Chart #2 melon mu tho ota of the fo ea ‘edge nentptnp we two apron yaa ipa Da ‘ae 2. ge Qug Kasl rdy Rg fe snd cer Potente F ‘Rea Legend trash a = tote Se e Howey) oe or ete ne rt eae Saree meStutencantSinfuOt fn die Mie don lage Ne" Secrn, cor Pi ipa étage SN Semen rpeSppert moment uss fr the centr of Beinelnited tae ge af a ealptesiy epee Te oats el Rechtec-Pates| ‘oll 26. med fr le Fede wnt echasyne aslaeletatgann Rds ah 0 mc) (met 2, glo arn for then of 4 lant ‘Bin ocr pre dpa = 0% 8 te) ‘Silvie enlopenten Ringer (ob —08 8 nO) tatoos urns forte cont of « rectangle Eh our pend ips fa =O, Se) mattis far de Fam te Rectesgite {Birr ufo Ror b= 8 mc) art 28, late are fo the sit of 9 metuasat ‘tn ocr suppor ps f= 1h Se) ne cca Se pe ae Tanto apported ga Toa = 10, ‘tla be, mS Coe den, Vitnkt ir Kahin ‘ite atv tanto Randers a= ie ea Imelnfomce srs fr th qurergine of an Pinca Ms patie l= ee car 0. idee ie team Random oh Imcintoste wre fr te iy of the a of gn fm ih or pyre = 1 —TRekeoane > ie oe ES ‘Tat 25. me Stetenomnt-BioDld fy die Mie dw sings ‘ann Geranium Patents sie engupurica Langetadets feta) nt 8, ‘ho erated Input eg fens) = Rectangular Plates v ‘oll 32. mgd for ie Fei sine Rrchasgate $i swans Rand oa Py wt Tite wil oc rand sigh ia ah Wea) ‘abl 38, my Fingal far din Yoni sine Boshindae {Eien angupension Sand Do's Oa feet smelt ere fr the etter of trang ‘ite Wi cow rand ge a 0, 8 a Sigmon ing Car de Stat a Renn tote agua Rand Oe ‘Seles ocanga pe wis rc 2s eter) care 4, ‘Tl 38. mena fr te Fonte dae Rechaaie at Sh opamice Rat Gea say ar 3, lacs ree for the ator of 4 trae Bie it ne siege = 1.0, Senn) Yaa 38, my Ssh Ce din Pate Wow Rash ate ‘Be site nguransien Hand ey 82h) oar 0, tans merce fr the pnt f © mange ‘ie eth na rigs a= 1.0,"5 ae) ‘Tht $2, mSttememadt Binds fi de Stent ene ‘Retest ine snpepannin Rand he were Resepporesonant intamee raton for he oon ‘Site's tenganr pas ith one esti so ‘Germ a Stn cot =) Bibl (or do Botte sae Ranga ‘ei ame singupemten Hand (oe =e 8m) Imetutcns rsa forthe ta of Hangar ‘it ih on mean nage fe 1H nt Binh (or de Bite snr Roasts Imi eaem singmpenston Hand je= Ic 8 mel) Ielofooee ree forthe seta of rcanglr ‘ith bee metined wigs fe 12, 8 tin) Reset “ten sagwpacnten Rand a= ‘Shiota cts pn thon ran * Get Sunes ‘Mheewel tbr Hak'empspansten Randers a= eat [tt wih two eps at ono corer restned (it = Seine) PaESR Oe eepencn Rie Hy Imetatnence autic fr te enter of rearpir Poti a i mem a fs Stem see eect rs Shr Hor cogmpaantoe Ra ‘hem f= On 8 nie ar 4. Sarena nr i heen a mtu nc who lw at om ‘Sree ined at = Bly 8 tee Staite her ee sngepena inoon iat 38 a) CaePeFs Totnes wile leu ae ‘ror mutated = 68 8s) oa Binal Car da Fite sine Reticle Bs ‘segues Radar a Iplnticee srs fr the cata of estan we one a oh, eSittomement. Ein or dle Smite snr ‘Restate mh ret Gbe B eingupentes Be fee io ns tnt) moment inn, sic for tn ign SAPO Tega oe Sa Se meBinfobld for da Benita coe Rach atte ‘ai el gepiogmaon stnmpeaine Reco, {iia erie) Imetntaces ran fr the ota of retanelar PER Se pete ie et ie Rint fr die Femi sows Receale tweets, snppennon ce enon Ingle mace fr the citar of rectangle “so oppats sin mnie eo, me Statanement Binur di Satna Rishecpiae at ton ea ‘in. ‘pannton Rito ja = Gx Bok) ‘meSuopert mort naeon wee for te day er af ete pae i tropa igen "a me ‘atria Geo ees me Binli far de Plier Raceate ‘Saw oxeatbriggedm, snpperton Tne The ato Fac ‘ik wich tow pote edge retina ile 1, mena fo le Pete sine Wacaaia ‘ai ae one cages Handa, Wate) toon ur ort contr of etanae Pa oes es ea a ee ee ee “Roto. Satan nti Tir eRe dee spuioe Hino je = fo bal) Chart 52 my Suppartimoment Inte trace at Un edge Seto? sectanpue pte wk Wo oposite gs ‘ironed ea stam) ob 62 mp inl fr die Fede vine Recaps Si sveengeeerignein, cngopenen ars ho 72 Fat Ct 68 tae nue fo hs ener of rata ES oe pp rt "Yl 64 minal dip Fede int Hecate serpent, Spun Rane atone sera fr hy ener of teangal eit ow oppo wags vse ms) setesoemmst eg et ie Se ane gpa te tees ae Serrrmyasrats ott "aot om Bind far dla Pit sine asap oe eenergeeen, egspsen Taner (a Tae ‘Char 56 metalmen ware forthe Ste of 4 etngar PEERS so ses a nad a, saad i oie ie Ye “Snowe eso ‘eeaut ‘athe esta Ietnducns maroc se canter of « rangle har wi tro opps ies mained (le L8, tin ‘peReteyeen nt or See se ‘sme, emitting. oo nie cnt (SEPOES eta pe ih two opts ls soeruned eta Bu) “Tae, Hintuotsd Tor dio Fate sine Reanglatte aS wie age nn Of data nO ce at hp ede O20 Waa) sete Rat fr etm ar rear tiaay scams Renda 0 Cun ot meSepper moment infumce, eric for in aay Sere ce a Tel omy Raumati cor SRE ents aon Rcerprtnenent itn vrice rh step Sere ae ect Oj = 08, 8 ates) “en "Tun 6%, mya Cr din Fede sine Wechngain = ‘sitdi engupsnten Rasiors je 4 8 ach) Cnet 6, mada wartce ft the tntr of a Tetangat ‘Bite th ewig orn = 1" R wna) ot 64 my id fr le Folded Racipaie ‘Sica engeparton nds (= hy 8 nh) Chat 4: mf nares for thy ener of tga ‘Bnei tee ages nea a = 8, Sl) ‘i ett tri =a Oot ere Seti Tee, rt gett i mt at li ce eegmpencin Radon = ee perce tree ms ed 4 2g gape rege LJ Gog ‘at OF mBinlfldfrdis Fade nor Rowdee ‘itd emgmpeton ander (la 03s 8 mas) Care ma eigeeenartace fo th tnt of etna Witte sip sean a = 12,8) “ull 6&. mpd fr dio Femi oer Rekslpatie iat ‘iathen (w= et) ‘Cart 6. my Iaduanen arn fort enter ofa ttangale ‘hie ih tees pm sound Ole 89 ns Renee ‘rl singenponon Hinder a cur 0, Sopper-nment Innis atic for be ales ‘Shue etaine to mh te dgescs oer ie Sate wt 0 Angad for dn Sai sie Cue 7. my Soppertmomentinence wri fr the ese "Tub 11, mS Cor die Ye sir Reskasgate ne Beh pita ines 68 Tite wih four ogee ratreinc @la =" Oa Bone) Imi vrempmperten Ras ‘mrt 72: mplilacee mace fr tha star fe anglat iow To dpm rind je 08, Pmt “Tub 72, my stumonnt ngs ie Mie dr age ‘See Remit wr cghpetan ann tinea nal orc toon, Dane) en or st ot 74m insade Fr die Pent sine Rebate [Ri ir eingpanstn Rte = Sea) Cum 14, mee nace for the sntr f 6 etangat {Beto sm sora Oe eee) 1 1 ming fo dn dps se Tet Ee = dam ‘Chars 18, mre for he quatre of « an Para Nae Soot stm mt te i eens an cor Et a ye ti pans treme setae acer conn Scrpet sems se saereme trace sat A shame ed fs ae "Tot 2. ge Quen nol a Yie siar Ret ogee Raton Bla 10, taney dg eng an ” fetch ve sngepannens Ras Ge ier e~ Seba " aa ee ee ee ee ee eee ee ee Tal, Rito rd Finite dee Reta yl fot ntiognen Rass Ba Toe techy a on ees Rocaarts Zac Bows smaney “oe nb fre Tins Dain (ii Sas bated Cour 62 metatance matte fo th enter 4 et BEER appl abe eateeaee : fo nee on of Tretec oih e ow sa Esp aps eas ols ima rein Patten — Ciretar Pies 7 me Hint en Meat o ng Shtegenen ropa fac) han sng fo onan ito ppt TAME Ene ‘Sea pte (in| ne cepanu a a Te rte Ot ies tee : ‘rtd 00. minh fir dag Mint ow singe on Hecate te) Cart 0. meh mc secre Plato tein SERS Etim) ‘a4 mi for Pie cine Rehinyats og le nd evel it sage a me a ait scste ew ped a “os moni To Tae ow Ted Wh oom te aa Baader ar tenet roan tea mparad pala 8, 7 te fy he Mi dae ri amr ecolata rect undo og Sea ORR Sem iid Rigi ei eet “Tl #2, mp ndantd fir dow Viele soar rng ‘Sipeannten mn lrg ppt rin coat open ee is he Pt "Bind valor pts (no) ee ee ee ad ed ed et § 1. Einleitung Salt der Binfohrang de ,Binuinon indo Statik dor ssbtemige "Tragwerkn worden die von Yorindrichen Blatungon oder Lastgroppen (Verkahralaten) vrurachton Schaltkrie mit Voeiabo mit Hilfe diset {afuBlinion” crit, da wo nicht nur méheloe dio Schaitteatte Snter ener Yorbtimmten LastkonBigeraton Dalim, eondom abuns rihalow aie Tasttallangen aberhnopt erkennen set. st dabee i jodam, dor Heratsidarg von Havstatikor gowidmeton Vorbsen sin brite Reuse der Theorie und der Bemithong fon Bn: Tinie von stabformigen ‘Tragwarken genidmet. Dartber Minas ind ‘ine Useahl von Tabellswerken erechionen, do far beatae, light {ypisierbaro Stabtragweeko ~ insbsondare fu alle Arten von grale ‘Trigom sat Konrtantem ler auch verindelchem Teighaltamorsent Aimeralorlose Grundwertoenthalten, dio mit von den Abmearangon des ‘Stabtregwontes auingigen Kowfionten vervalfacht, dio Binfusinon fu" eine probe Zahl von ,Aulpuriten” Uafr, Dieso,Tabaloverke ‘ermparen dom rake tatgen Banwtatikar vel Mu sd een seh {dahor doe gridten Haictbat, ‘Der onvich nabelogonde Godanks, den Mogi’ dor , Binion” ‘0 don sindimennonalen Stab suf das, HinSuBfld” fur do evesimen: onalen Platten oa erwoitern, wurde emt ait dor weitguhenden Ve ‘wendang von Platten ls Konstruslonulament mit bevabterAusnOt2ong ‘orensweidianalccalen Verhaltons ~ inebaondero im Stauton = tual. ‘Dementaprochnd ist do thereiche Behandlung diewe Problems, im Vorgaih aur Ubrgen Entwicklung, det Thooro der Patan, ve Daltaismadig spat anfgeommen worn. ‘Dee Gedanke, thor dee Elafulind fur die Durchbiogung ~ sae dom Maxwmzachen Sate de Bipetche infelge ciner Puntinst — mit Hilfe von Tntegratioean Avsdrioke fer dio Bigedcho von vorgeevbenen Balaaungen vs ehalon, sty ohne don Beg dee Hinubfldee for dio Darehbigung nondich 2u urvthuen, bei Haxcex!, miglicherweine ‘sch schon frher, 22 inden, Diow Morbodo warbo Ss. dar Folge vor tchvoron Autoren yorwendet, one jedoch dom Hegel dee Binfabeie fells Aufzerkantbolt a achenken, So ist oalist in dem von NADA ‘eraten, cingeherdon Wark her die Thoro catiachor Platten, noch Tine Andouting des Bogen ino nu finden. § 1. Introduction Siac the ntraltion of “aftence Line” Into the satiot of plane structares with Inet rwmnbors, be intemal fort of thse seactaree, 0 to variable longs or load groups (lve loud), are bing determined rairentally by thse “Indomoo Lincs” which produce easly not only ‘he Internal free for © ont load combination but lao wake recog nlsble, in pativtlat, the moet snfavorabe loud postions "Thoofors, in any plan for tho tralning of structoal engines, serge pace ls reserved for the theory and the determination ofthe infoence liner of plane sractree with liar mombors. Furthormore, «lage ‘umber of table works hare ben puhlabed which contin dasnsioa bral vals for cortain srtares of Unaar mombory rich can be easly ‘pled — in pail forall nda of seuight bourne wis sonstant or ‘arable moment of inci. The basi values produce the nfoeacelinse {bra large number of "Reference Posts” when multiplied Py cotionte ‘which depend on the dimension: of the stractre. ‘Those table works cv the gruetarel engine nach ee, and therefore, are gly appr ted ‘The logloa! dea to onend the term “Taflumnco Line of the one Aiseraional member to the ten "Lnluenoo Saraen” for tho two Aimorsional plates became popelar only ator an increasing application fof plies at 4 contrction element and with the intentional we of their ‘trodimenaional bovior ~ parila Ia Flnforoed oonreto contraction. Accordingly, the theoretical trectment of hla problem bas been stated mlatvely latin comparia with the other developments ofthe theory of platen "Te ldne to obtain expreons for Yoo auction aurtice for givon| loading by the deletion nfence fee ~ whichir acoordng\o Maxell’ "Theorem, the dfoton asrface due to aconcontravd load — andy inte {tions cat be found in Hen", and psably oven cuir but without ‘entioning expltly the term saluence surface ofthe defection, This Inothod wat applied herafer by several authors but without giving ‘emation #0 the term influence sufac. Bren in she comprehensive work on the theuy ef late platen, wet by NADA, no mention of the tn "Tnlsonce Surface’ gan bo found. 7444 . 1 [Nan snd dio Binluioder fer dip Durchbiogung von Patten fr den avatatizr instar wenig intent, ala e fr de Bamening nicht lo Durcibiogung, sondar die Schnitivife konnen mul. st daheraweckantig, do inf Bole fae de Scnithrta set = dle Biogangamomente und Querkzie — 0 mchen. [Dis emton Annies in dower Bishtong dOrften von NeMéNYs" nd ‘Wesrmcaan stamens, bala haben jooch tre wertrollen Ergobnise nicht wolter verflg obwoh slo Ur dle Weare dot Theore ‘von Bedeutung ware, ‘Di auf din Theorie der Hinluboder dor Schulte aangrshtoten ‘Untermchungen ind) vermtch etinalig vorn. Voter angestallt storden, woruer Disewinoxn ei Mitelang machte In dr auch schon (Se MomentansinfaBfld {Ur cine Reshtockplate dargstll wat. Eine ‘eato Dartallung der Thcre, ie schon das Wenerlishe enthit, nich ‘eschlomene analytiche Auedricke for do ee" {Gaer, rerofntihte bald daraaf dor Vorfuwort Ofensiclich nab hingig von diser Abe enshionon Ablandlungen Yon. Oxo" nd Brrsen alo vorchen,cnig Sonderfale dex Vroom dorch Hathen- ‘gait allan ‘se ven; dase yeragen jedoch in doe Umgebung dou ‘Aufpunktes wogm schlecler Konvergear and vermigen den Kern dew Problems, defi Jodo Art von Sehnttkrtften typlache Singular, nicht at Mises, Immorhin waren besnverr io vow TITroR ange ‘bitten Tabolon bert fur dio Praxis verwendla ‘Die weitere Batwiklung der Theorie, nunlich die analytnche Form- lerung dar Slablaritaton fr ale Avton von Eiaesidern, sowie dor Dethoden sur Berochiang det Binufelie slat, warden durceeine ee ‘von APbniten yom ertasoe 1, yon W. Kone, W. Danae, FR Sxipanto™, bekanntgenacht, Noben dieses Atuiten xnd nosh Ver ‘ffentlchungen ir dase Thema, swt bekannt, von Ouse, TXt72- onan’, I, Pras” und Br-Hasuay"™ onchien, Tn dea iettvergangonen Jahren iti chebllcho Anza von Arb ‘tan verfntaht word dio sich sowohl mit der Woiterentwiklang ‘Ser Thi ale sch mit der Anwendung der bier bokannten Methods ‘sf toch nicht heerbetete Platenformen bla. In dr eres Gruppe int Sortonondre P. Srzms" und §. Kaco™ za neuen, dla die Theorie sf aiotrope Platten erwoitert abou, aowio A. Motions, der ‘le Lieong dos Tawecigrotiames nach dor von W. Konrexe lmngowendeten Methods weitrantwinkelt ind Sraheendare durch Ein- fhrang komplerer Recidoen dle vahlenmidigo Linang dy Randwor problemen gefirert at $i However, the influmee surface of tho delection of lates ats of| leer interest tothe diner bncause fe needs t0 know the infernal orec forthe design but not the dalecion. "Therefore, it ie appropiate to find the induenoo sorices for the ‘intemal fre themaolvor~ efor the Mexsral momenta ad seat fre "The nt attmpts in this detion may have boon wade by SOMCENY!? sod Waerencaanb'; howevor both did not fallow wp their isportant tonite in pit of Ue Importance tothe develmpmant of the theory Investigations aimed at Ye shanty on inluneo surfaces of the Internal fres were prommably rode int by the anthor sot! which Dusontvons? gure an information wherein » moment influance wetter {ora rectangular plate was aleady shown. A fit preentation of the ‘theoty which already contains tho esse, Le, derived snalteal expr ‘ora of tho singularity ofthe Influence rarfae, waa baked by the ‘othor shortly thereafter, Pobers by. Ontao? and’ Bares appeared, ‘bviouly without relation te this publication. They tried to wolve some [articular eas ofthe problem Ly sci dovelopment which, however Fain in tha wieinty of the soiree point eraate of poor convorgones ‘nd cannot explain the ore of the problem which the singularity {ype for any Kind of internal fore, However, in parcian tha tables leveled by Tarren were eleady aveful for parte! applestion, ‘Tue further development of the theory, Le, the analytical forme: luton of tho singers forall kindof nonnen faces, and Uo method ‘of compitation oft ionace rawr ie, were Made Keown by ‘avin of publications by the asthor »!%I, by W. Konrens™, by W. Dwomtan't and ty R. Ssivanio! Aside Som thew papers, other batons on thin rabjet appeared, aa far as Known, by OLSEN. Rraneranenne, Le Pin! Be Hass Tn rocene_yoarm, © conadorble nibar of papees oxo publish which del with the devlopmont ofthe theory at well as with the apol- ‘ition of the geod known mo far, to plato shape whieh ad not boc ‘Swidord. I partcla, P. Sram and 8. Kava! aro to be named in tho fees grosp, who extended the Uhory to auaotropi platen and Turthermores A. Motes" who developed the slation of the bow Ary protien by tho method ax applied by Koxroxe™ and who, in ecticla,inproved the merical soltin of the boundky peoblem Dy She tntenivtion of complex rss ee ine Retho hier nicht eewuhnter elwchligigor Abhandlingen sind Im Literatarverseicnin achgowen, ‘Am Tendo sl noch erwabnt, daB mitterwele aveh Rinfadflder {or dio Schnittke cinach und doppalt gekrimmter Schalen von KW. Bacm®, I Hoax! und H Nise entwiskelt warden. Demnach lat dio Theorie achon recht uafangreich gevorden. Fino suafthlche theortacho Dartllng wirda den Rahman en rein ‘uf dio Boitefaine det aagewendton Haueat abgstnmten eros pres, ie for do Praxis wetvllen Kegebuine, nmlich dis Kinfafollor fr de Sehaitikrie, Kinin eich shine lngebeudere Kenntineo dot ‘Theorie verwendet werden, gonas v0, wie x B. die Anwendung der ogaritumon auch ohne der gennuon Keontnis von deven ‘Theorie und erechnang moglch it. Die for den Bousater notin Mothoden dor Aueworting far dio yerchindenwten Lastfille sin] In den folgenden Kapitan daopetl..Sio ind nusrshord, um bol Hllaom Rach infer gooauosea Ergebai 2 fern, § 2. Kurze Darstellung der Theorie der FinfluSfelder Die Thor dor KinBudflder geht vos den glechon Vorassstzungen| ‘us, wie di allgmein Platentbeoro, nica dad dio onstante Disks Ger Platte ein sei gogentbor den anderon Abswenge, da det Beartaf’homogen nd introp re nnd dom Hooxiachon Cewcte flee ‘nd da dle Durehbiogongon ini sion gogonbor der Dicks ‘Diew Voruunetsungonglten for unre Werkatof,insbosonder for don Stahibeton, nar Bodingt. Langidhrige Eearangen haben jedoch (pig, dad wir Bauwerko von aawtichonderSichrit aul i Stale fetonban ertalen, wenn wir die Sehnittrife mit dion Annalen ‘ermittsn ond nach einvandion Varfahren bemoan. Der Konnen ‘ie Einfadfelder sich bei dor Berochaung vou Stabotonpltten vending. den, a ‘Di beeogmen Dlogunganomente det Platten sind voo dor Quee- dchungazalmabbangig: dow lat cine WerkstoMhonsante und dahor ‘erindlich, Um Ergebnis rs erhalten, le fret vos dleoe Gre snd, 15 bt don Binfalleldorn fr de Biogongrmomente y= 0 geett. Dem ‘uch snd, gonan genommen, die Binlubfw for dio Biegungsmomento ‘dreh do for die-Ketnunng erast. Dieu Anwalimo kann fOr Pltion {Gas Stahibeton ale gute. Naberang gotten, da bet dism Werktal ‘tlolich Kline it la bei Stal Man hau joo, wie spit gest A nombor of rfernce papers Whioh are not inaioned here, are lst under Index of Referooen, Furthermore, it may be mention ths infuenco warfasee for the internal freee of simply snd doubly curved seis wore developed. hp KW. Biromn™, 1 Hotavo! and il. Nautx™ in the mecntine ‘Thus, tho theory hus bocomo quite exten, A detailed toric) _reentatin would he beyond the soope ofthis ook which was wrtioy Duraly for the nacde of applied station of strtare ‘Te reals, ic, the infocno surfaces of th itera) fines, which ‘co valuble for practic! applcatio, ean be applied withot «thorough Knowledge ‘of the theory, fut ax, for tuttance, the application of logasichms i postbie without n thorough Knowledg oftheir thor and computation. The methods of eralation for the diferent loud s,s requir forthe designe, ao presented inthe following chapters, Thy ‘mw slficient to supply most acourte rrltn with anal computations! ort. § 2. A brief presentation of the theory of the influence surfaces ‘Tho theory ofthe illanon suri in bag on the wae aasonptions us th general thory of pte, bo, te tino the plate onsen ‘hd small compared to tho othardimensons, the material ie homer ‘genous and ictopie aud flows Hook's Law, and the deftones fall a6 compared (ote plate thine, “Those wsuptons ao vali oly with tition fr our consruston materi, in perlclar, for reinforood conte, However, many years ‘of expacinaae have shown tht wo obtain strotans of wiient safety ‘in teinforeed.conerete onstraction when we determine the internal {oreo with tho easnrions and desig by recognized method Thor fore, the inaenesurfutes can ba appli ls inte analysis of enforced sonerto plats, "Tho reduod exural moments of the platen aro depondent on Poss: sow's ratio thin a mterial courant and Urfoo triable. In order ‘to obtain routs fee ofthis quantity, it was oe p = 0 forthe inne surfaces of th flexural moments, Ths, to stato corrects, the inflvnes ‘surfaces of tho flocural momte aro replaced by thow of the ee retare ‘Thin amtmption ean be eonadored e good approximation for plates of Teinfored cowtrete, beens a coteerably tvallr forts stra, than for mec. Mowover, ove can coilor any alr 40 aha I werden wid, jade GeS8o von 4 Derishschtigen; Nevon aumgenommen tind Platten, deren Randbedingungen von der Querdehnsgsitor ab- ‘angie ind ‘Ds der Maxwxtiecho Sate von dor Gapeastghit der Verwhisbungen nd dae Superponitonageets fur alle slastiachen Kerper, dle dem Hloomsechen Goeetx folgn, git, it such bet dan elaatichen Patan ‘ie Biegatcho unter ner Ponktint die Binduliscbe odor dex Bin feb far dio Darehbigung Im kt dino Laat. ‘Sel A (2) de Angriepankt der Last Q— 1 und P(e, 9) i blcbigor eldpunke (Abb, 1), 0 so di Glelchang der Bigeltche uymbolech mit Kame) Fay dur ERA iad ia i shown later, excopt for plates whose boundry conditions depo om Pomwor's rato "Because Maxwnia’s Law on tho reciprocity ofthe displacements snd ‘the law of ropeporition is valid forall lata bodies whieh follow loous's Law, forslstle plates, th deoctioneuface, det concen ‘tated load, i equal slo to the inflvene eld r the influence surface for the dlioction at the Toad point. IFA (uo) ith load pol ofthe loud Q-= 1 and P (2 y)« gnera point of the plate (Bg. Y, then the equation of the deletion surface fan bo denated symbolically by Kw 0h ‘0,1 fait A and Papa Pt Konda (en 9) 1g ates pont 2a peel ‘enschnst Somit gobon din Koornaten (a, «) don Aafpunkt des Eis ‘aBfldon an. Daa Elfed it von don ver Vesiablen (u, #2 =, 9) sbbinglg, de ja auch der Avfponkt bal dar Cosamtbat alle Einod- {older hor don gunaon Berih dor Patt wander kann; di Koondinetn (49) dee Aufpukte sind jodoch fr jen sinaaine Finfofld als Para ‘meter honstant. "Fur die Durchbiogung w (w ») i Aufpunt inflge einer blabigon Lantgroppe P; (2 y) ud enue balsbigen, atti vertalton Last P (7) Ps wa S eK twvizea + (jr k inser Aude orb ssh sun dem Superpotonagents und on sprioht fm Princip dem Avowortungsgets’ der iatulinien (v;2) ‘Fon Siben fH alo Durchbiogangy () 00) =D Penis) “Fm te sorte fr 0d Pa ‘Thus, the coordinates (4, ») denote the reference point of the inuenée srfac, The inlvneeauface depends on tho four variable (#3, 9), Tatts the eeerence pint alo en bo any point within the boundaries Gf the plate for the entirety of all the Indurnen worse. However, the coordinator, ) ofthe regen point ar conta wn parameter, for sac jndvdual Innes natn. ‘The daflection w (oy) at the Toren Pot, dus to & gnoral los group Pb a) ends goer, ualfrmly dateboted, lad pe ) ana dy. en ‘This expromion rule ffom the superposition ln, and orernponds, {in principio, to th ovluation ru of tho uence Kine (0) of Knot ‘members for the dfletion y (e) FP Ee) mouse es ae | 7 7 aie | 52 Rae Dapeng Gr Tee ie a “Hs snd lich aor doo sndimanlonaan Boxishungen in (2, 14) x

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