10th Social Science - EM - 1 - HISTORY

2020
FREE
1. WORK BOOK
2. MAP WORK BOOK
Authors:
Mr. D. Koilmani, M.A., M.Ed.,
Former Asst. Head Master,
St. John's Hr. Sec. School, Palayamkottai.
PREFACE
Dear Students,
Best wishes
The new syllabus for 10 Social Science is quite difficult. It is prepared in

such a way that it stimulates the thought of the students.
This book has been well prepared as per the New syllabus and Text
book to grow your self-confidence and to prepare yourselves for the forth
coming competitive exams and NEET Exams.
With this thought in mind this EC Loyola Guide is specially designed

for coaching students of different levels.
(Slow learners, average and toppers)
➢ Additional one mark questions are given to test your knowledge.
➢ Two and five mark questions are simplified and prepared according to the
Government Key Pattern.
➢ Mind Map and Map Exercises are given.
➢ We sincerely believe that this guide satisfies the needs of the students.
Note: We are happy to inform you that if the students of 10, 11 and 12 Standards
buy and study this EC Loyola Guide they are sure to score high marks and
attain great achievement and success in their life
CONTENTS
UNITS HISTORY Page No.
1. Outbreak of World War I and Its Aftermath 5
2. The World between two World Wars 13
3. World war II 21
4. The World after World War II 29
5. Social and Religious Reform Movements in the 19th Century 38
6. Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu 46
7. Anti-Colonial Movements and the Birth of Nationalism 53
8. Nationalism: Gandhian Phase 62
9. Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu 73
10. Social Transformation in Tamil Nadu 79
GEOGRAPHY
1. India - Location, Relief and Drainage 87
2. Climate and Natural Vegetation of India 96
3. India - Agriculture 105
4. India - Resources and Industries 116
5. India - Population, Transport, Communication and Trade 125
6. Physical Geography of Tamil Nadu 135
7. Human Geography of Tamil Nadu 145
CIVICS
1. Indian Constitution 155
2. Central Government 162
3. State Government 170
4. India's Foreign Policy 176
5. India's International Relations 183
ECONOMICS
1. Gross Domestic Product and its Growth: an Introduction 190
2. Globalization and Trade 196
3. Food Security and Nutrition 202
4. Government and Taxes 208
5. Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu 214
Slow Learners Material 221
HISTORY
UNIT Outbreak of World War I
EC 10th Social Science
Loyola
1 and its Aftermath EC 7th Science
PART I - TEXTBOOK EVALUATION

I. Choose the correct answer
1. What were the three major empires shattered by the end of First World War?
a) Germany, Austria Hungary and the Ottomans b) Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia
c) Spain, Portugal and Italy d) Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy
Ans: a) Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottomans
2. Which country emerged as the strongest in East Asia towards the close of nineteenth century?
a) China b) Japan c) Korea d) Mongolia Ans: b) Japan
3. Who said “Imperialism is the highest stage of capitalism"? PTA - 6
a) Lenin b) Marx c) Sun Yat-sen d) Mao Tse Tung Ans: a) Lenin
4. What is the battle of Marne remembered for?
a) air warfare b) trench warfare
c) submarine warfare d) ship warfare Ans: b) trench warfare
5. To which country did the first Secretary General of League of Nations belong?
a) Britain b) France c) Dutch d) USA Ans: a) Britain
6. Which country was expelled from the League of Nations for attacking Finland?
a) Germany b) Russia c) Italy d) France Ans: b) Russia
II. Fill in the blanks Answers

1. Japan forced a war on China in the year ___________ 1894
2. The new state of Albania was created according to the Treaty of ___ signed in May 1913. London
3. Japan entered into an alliance with England in the year ________ 1902
4. In the Balkans ___________ had mixed population. Macedonia
5. In the battle of Tannenberg ___________ suffered heavy losses. Russia
6. ___________ as Prime Minister represented France in Paris Peace Conference. Clemenceau
7. Locarno Treaty was signed in the year ___________. PTA - 1 1925
III. Choose the correct statement

1. i) The Turkish Empire contained many non-Turkish people in the Balkans
ii) Turkey fought on the side of the central powers.
iii) Britain attacked Turkey and captured Constantinople.
iv) Turkey’s attempt to attack Suez Canal but were repulsed.
a) i) and ii) are correct b) i) and iii) are is correct
c) iv) is correct d) i), ii) and iv) are correct Ans: d) i), ii) and iv) are correct
2. Assertion (A) : Germany and the United States were producing cheaper manufactured goods and capturing
England’s markets.
Reason (R) : Both the countries produced required raw material for their industries.
a) Both A and R are correct b) A is right but R is not the correct reason
c) Both A and R are wrong d) R is right but A is wrong
Ans: b) A is right but R is not the correct reason
5 HISTORY
3. Assertion (A) : The first European attempts to carve out colonies in Africa resulted in bloody battles.
Reason (R) : There was stiff resistance from the native population.
c) Both A and R are wrong d) R is right but A is wrong Ans: a) Both A and R are correct
IV. Match the Following

I II Answers
1. Treaty of Brest - Litovsk a Versailles c Russia with Germany
2. Jingoism b Turkey d England
3. Kemal Pasha c Russia with Germany b Turkey
4. Emden d England e Madras
5. Hall of Mirrors e Madras a Versailles
V. Answer Briefly
1. How do you assess the importance of Sino-Japanese War?
In 1894, Japan forced a war on China.

In the 1894-95 Sino-Japanese war little Japan defeated China and surprised the world.

The European powers did not like the victory of Japan. Though Russia, Germany and France warned Japan,

Japan annexed the Liaotung Peninsula with Port Arthur.
By this annexure Japan proved that it was the strongest nation in the East Asia.

2. Name the countries in the Triple Entente.
 Britain  France Russia

3. What were the three militant forms of nationalism in Europe? PTA - 1
Jingoism (England) 
 Chauvinism (France) 
Kultur (Germany)
4. What do you know of trench warfare? PTA - 3
Trenches or ditches dug by troops enabled soldiers to safely stand and protect themselves from enemy fire.

 The main lines of trenches were connected to each other and to the rear by a series of linking trenches
through which food, ammunition, fresh troops, mail and orders were delivered.
The battle of Marne is a memorable one for Trench Warfare.

5. What was the role of Mustafa Kemal Pasha?
Mustafa Kemal Pasha played a remarkable role for Turkey’s rebirth as a nation.

Kemal Pasha modernised Turkey and changed it out of all recognition.

6. List out any two causes for the failure of the League of Nations. PTA - 5
 The League appeared to be an organisation of those who were victorious in the First World war.
 Since it lacked the military power of its own, it could not enforce its decisions.
 The founders of this peace organization underestimated the power of nationalism. The principles of
“Collective Security” could not be applied in actual practice.
VI. Answer the following in detail

1. Discuss the main causes of the First World War. PTA - 1
European Alliances:
 Europe was divided into two armed camps namely the Central powers and Allies.
 Germany, Italy and Austria - Hungary were Central powers. They formed Triple Alliance in 1882.
 England, France and Russia were the Allies and they formed Triple Entente. There was enmity between
these two blocs.
Violent forms of Nationalism:
 With the growth of nationalism, the attitude of “my country right or wrong, I support it” developed.
 England’s Jingoism, France’s Chauvinism and Germany’s Kultur were militant forms of nationalism.
HISTORY 6
Aggressive Attitude of German Emperor:

 Emperor Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany was ruthlessly assertive and aggressive. He proclaimed that
Germany would be the leader of the world.
 The German navy was expanded.
 Therefore Britain embarked on a naval race.
 It led to tension between the two power blocs.
Hostility of France towards Germany:
 France and Germany were old rivals. Bitter memories of the loss of Alsace and Lorraine rankled in the minds
of France.
 Germany's interference in the Morocco affair added to the bitterness.
Balkan wars:
 Taking advantage of the political and economic instability of the Turkish empire the Balkan countries tried to
secede from the Turkish control.
 The Balkan League was formed, The League attacked the Turkish force. The first Balkan war ended with
the Treaty of London.
 The new state of Albania was created.
 The Second Balkan war was also fought. It ended with the Treaty of Bucharest.
Immediate cause:
 Franz Ferdinand, the Austrian crown prince was assassinated by Princip, a Bosnian Serb in Bosnia
 Austria saw in this an opportunity to eliminate Serbia as an independent state.
 Based on a rumour that Russia was sending her forces to support Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia.
Thus started the First World War.
2. Highlight the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles relating to Germany PTA - 2
 Germany was found guilty of starting the war and therefore was to pay reparations for the losses suffered.
 All central powers were directed to pay war indemnity.
 The German army was to be limited to 1,00,000 men. A small navy was allowed.
 The union of Austria and Germany was forbidden.
 All German colonies became mandated territories under the League of Nations.
 Germany was forced to revoke the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (with Russia) and Bucharest (Bulgaria).
 Alsace - Lorraine was returned to France.
 Poland was recreated.
3. Explain the course of Russian revolution under the leadership of Lenin.
 The Soviet was dominated by Mensheviks and the minority Bolsheviks were timid and undecided. The
situation changed with the arrival of Lenin.
Failure of Provisional government:
 When the revolution broke out Lenin was in Switzerland and he wanted continued revolution. His slogan of
“All power to the Soviets” soon won over the workers' leaders. The people were attracted by the slogan of
“Breed, Peace and Land”.
 The provisional government made two grave mistakes.
 It postponed a decision on the demand for the redistribution of land.
 Government decided to continue with the war.
 This intensified the rising in Petrograd led by Bolsheviks. The government banned Pravda and arrested all
Bolsheviks. Trotsky was also arrested.
Take over by the Bolshevik party under lenin:
 In October Lenin persuaded the Bolshevik Central Committee to decide on immediate revolution.
 Trotsky prepared a detailed plan.
 On 7 November the key government buildings, including the Winter Palace, the Prime Minister’s head
quarters were seized by armed factory workers and revolutionary troops.
7 HISTORY
On 8 November 1917 a new communist government was in office in Russia. Its head this time was Lenin.

The Bolshevik Party was renamed the Russian Communist Party.
Lenin thought the most important factor for the fall of provisional government was its failure to withdraw from

World War. Lenin opted for withdrawing from the War to concentrate on the formation of new government.
4. Estimate the work done by the League of Nations. PTA - 4

 The League of nations was called in to settle a number of disputes between 1920 and 1925. It was successful
in 3 issues.
 In 1920 a dispute arose between Sweden and Finland over the sovereignty of the Aaland Islands situated
between Finland’s west coast and Sweden’s east coast. The League ruled that the islands should go to
Finland.
 In 1921 the League was asked to settle the frontier between Poland and Germany in Upper Silesia.
 It was successfully resolved by the League.
 The third dispute was between Greece and Bulgaria in 1925. Greece invaded Bulgaria and the League
ordered a ceasefire. After investigation it blamed Greece and decided that Greece was to pay reparations.
VII. Activity (Activity for the students)

1. Students can be taught to mark the places of battles and the capital cities of the countries that were engaged
in the war.
PART II - ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

1. The Sino - Japanese war was fought in _________.
a) 1984 - 1985 b) 1974 - 1975 c)1894 - 1895 d) 1896 - 1897 Ans: c) 1894 - 1895
2. There were trusts in the USA and Cartels in _________.

a) Germany b) India c) Italy d) France Ans: a) Germany
3. The League of Nations was finally dissolved in ________.

a) 1939 b) 1942 c) 1946 d) 1947 Ans: c) 1946
4. By _________ practically the whole of Africa was colonised

a) 1800 b) 1850 c) 1900 d) 1950 Ans: c) 1900
5. _________ was England’s militant form the nationalism.

a) Jingoism b) Chauvinism c) Kultur d) Nihilism Ans: a) Jingoism
6. Emden bombarded ___________.

a) Pearl harbour b) Jutland c) Alsace d) Madras Ans: d) Madras
7. Lenin was in _________ when the revolution broke out.

a) Moscow b) Paris c) London d) Switzerland Ans: d) Switzerland
8. Lenin was influenced by the ideas of

a) Stalin b) Karl Marx c) Voltaire d) Napoleon Ans: b) Karl Marx
9. The official newspaper of the Communist party from 1981 to 1991 was
a) Commune b) Socialism c) Duma d) Pravda Ans: d) Pravda
HISTORY 8
10. Italy formally joined the Allies in the war in

a) 1914 b) 1915 c) 1916 d) 1917 Ans: c) 1916
11. Where did the Ethiopian army defeat the Italian army?
a) Delville b) Orange state c) Adowa d) Algiers Ans: c) Adowa
12. Japan captured Manchuria in

a) 1929 b) 1931 c) 1933 d) 1936 Ans: b) 1931
II. Fill in the Blanks Answers
1. The secretariat of the League of Nations was located at ___________. Geneva

2. Japan annexed the ___________ Peninsula. Liaotung
3. The International court of Justice was set up in ______________. The Hague
4. The German submarines torpedoed the American warship ____________. Lusitania
5. The Parliament established by Nicholas was called____________. Duma
6. The Prime Minister of England ___________ played a very important role in the deliberations. Lloyd George
7. In the Russo Japanese War, Japan defeated Russia and got back _____________. Port Arthur
8. Pravda is a Russian word meaning _______________. Truth

1. i) Napoleon was defeated at Trafalgar
ii) Imperialism was just about colonies
iii) In the Russo - Japanese War, Japan defeated Russia
iv) The Triple Entente was signed by Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy
a) i) and ii) are correct b) iii) is correct
c) i) and iii) are correct d) i), ii) and iii) are correct Ans: c) i) and iii) are correct
2. i) The Treaty of Brest Listovsk was signed in 1918

ii) The Treaty of London was signed in 1921
iii) The Treaty of Sevres was signed with Serbia
iv) In the First World war China joined the allies.
a) ii) is correct b) i), ii) and iii) are correct
c) ii) and iv) are correct d) i) and iv) are correct Ans: d) i) and iv) are correct
3. Assertion (A) : After the First World War Germany was allowed to have only a small navy.
Reason (R) : Germany was found guilty of starting the war.
a) A is right and R is the correct reason b) Both A and R are wrong
c) R is right but it has no relevance to A d) A is right but R is wrong
Ans: a) A is right and R is the correct reason
4. i) Italy remained a neutral country when the World War broke out. PTA - 4
ii) Italy was much disappointed over the peace settlement at Versailles.
iii) The Treaty of Sevres was signed with Italy.
iv) Italy was denied even small places such as Trieste, Istria and the south Tyrol.
c) iv) is correct d) i), iii) and iv) are correct Ans: a) i) and ii) are correct
9 HISTORY
IV. Match the following
A I II Answers
1. Latin a Austria - Hungary b Russia
2. Kaiser Wilhelm b Russia e Germany
3. Franz Ferdinand c Turkey a Austria - Hungary
4. Kemal Pasha d France c Turkey
5. Clemenceau e Germany d France
B I II Answers
1. Japan attacked Manchuria a 1882 d 1921
2. Triple alliance formed b 1902 a 1882
3. Entente Cordiale c 1904 c 1904
4. Treaty of London d 1921 e 1913
5. Anglo-Japanese alliance e 1913 d 1902
V. Answer the following briefly

1. What were the raw materials needed to monopoly capitalists?
 Rubber  Oil  Nitrates  Sugar
 Cotton  Tropical food stuffs  Minerals
2. Name the states that opposed the Central powers.
 Russia  France  Italy  Belgium  Britain
 Serbia  Romania  Greece  The United States
3. Why did America enter into the First World War?
In January 1917, Germany announced that they would sink even neutral ships including British ships.


Lusitania, an American ship was torpedoed by a German submarine. Many Americans lost their lives in that


incident.
There was a lot of resentment in the USA. So President Wilson declared war against Germany on April 1917.


4. What do you know about “Pravda”?
Pravda is a Russian word meaning “Truth”. Pravda was the official newspaper of the communist party of the


Soviet Union from 1918 to 1991.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, numerous publications and web sites continued under the Pravda name.


5. Name the five bodies of the League. Point out the objectives of the League.
 The Assembly
 The Council
 The Secretariat  The Permanent Court of Justice

 The International Labour Organisation.
Objectives of the League:
 To avoid war and maintain peace in the world.
 To promote international cooperation in economic and social affairs.
6. Write any two provisions of the Treaty of Versailles. PTA - 6
 The German army was to be limited to 100,000 men. A small navy was allowed but there were to be no

submarines and no air force.
 Alsace - Lorraine was returned to France.

HISTORY 10
7. Write about the Russo - Japanese war.

 In 1904 the war began between Russia and Japan. In this Russo - Japanese war, Japan defeated Russia.

 At the mediation of the USA, Japan signed in the Treaty of Portsmouth and got back Port Arthur. After

this war, Japan entered the “Charmed circle of the great powers”.
8. Point out the outcome of the Russian revolution.
 Illiteracy and poverty were eliminated from Russia.

 Russian industry and agriculture developed remarkably.

 Women were given equal rights, including right to vote.
 Industries and banks were nationalised..

9. Highlight the Global influence of Russian Revolution.
 In many countries, communist parties were formed.
 The Russian communist government encouraged the colonies to fight for their freedom.
 Debates over key issues, land reforms, social welfare, workers' right and gender equality started taking place
in a global context.

1. Write about the fallout of the First World War.
 The First World War left a deep impact on European society and polity.
 There was huge loss of men and materials.
 Nearly 8 million had died and 16 million were wounded.
 Millions more had succumbed to the worldwide influenza.
 It led to imbalance of sexes - a shortage of men.
 It led to the rise and consolidation of the Soviet Union, the USSR.
 America entered the war as a debtor country but emerged as the money lender to the world after the war.
 It led to the awakening of the colonies and their attempts to gain freedom.
 Mustafa Kemal Pasha played a remarkable role for Turkey's rebirth as a nation.
 He modernised Turkey and changed it out of all recognition.
 The Indian soldiers who returneed from Europe after the war came back with new ideas which had an
impact on the Indian society.
 The world led to economic distress in India.
 The war conditions led to the rise of Home rule movement in India.
 The congress was reunited during the war.
2. What were the issues and incidents of violations faced by the League?
One of the major problems which confronted the European powers was how to achieve d isarmament.
 In 1925 the Council of the League set up a Commission to hold a Disarmament Conference to sort out the
problem. But the proposed Conference materialised only in February 1932.
 In this Conference, Germany’s demand of equality of arms with France was rejected.
 In October Hitler withdrew Germany from the Conference and the League.
 J apan attacked Manchuria in September 1931 and the League condemned Japan. So Japan also followed
the example of Germany and resigned from the League.
 I n the context of Italy’s attack on Ethiopia, the League applied sanctions. As the sanctions came into
effect, Italy in protest resigned from the League in 1937.
 A fter that the League was a passive witness to events, taking no part in the crisis over the Rhineland,
Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland.
 The last decisive attack it took was, when Russia attacked Finland, Russia was expelled from the League.
 The assembly did not meet again and the League of Nations was finally dissolved in 1946.
11 HISTORY
IX. Timeline
1. Draw a Timeline for the following.
1914 - Outbreak of World War I 1917 - Russian Revolution
1918 - End of the World War I 1919 - Treaty of Versailles
1920 - Establishment of League of Nations
Scale: 1 unit = 10 years
HISTORY 12
UNIT The World between
Loyola
2 Two World Wars EC 7th Science

1. With whom of the following was the Lateran Treaty signed by Italy? GMQ
a) Germany b) Russia c) Pope d) Spain Ans: c) Pope
2. With whose conquest did the Mexican civilization collapse?
a) Hernan Cortes b) Francisco Pizarro
c) Toussaint Louverture d) Pedro I Ans: a) Hernan Cortes
3. Who made Peru as part of their dominions?
a) English b) Spaniards c) Russians d) French Ans: b) Spaniards
4. Which President of the USA pursued “Good Neighbour“ policy towards Latin America.
a) Roosevelt b) Truman c) Woodrow Wilson d) Eisenhower Ans: a) Roosevelt
5. Which part of the world disliked dollar imperialism? PTA - 2
a) Europe b) Latin America c) India d) China Ans: b) Latin America

1. The founder of the Social Democratic Party was __________. Ferdinand Lassalle
2. The Nazi Party’s propaganda was led by __________. Josef Goebbels
3. The Vietnam Nationalist party was formed in _______. 1927
4. The Secret State Police in Nazi Germany was known as __________ The Gestapo
5. The Union of South Africa came into being in May ________. 1910
6. The ANC leader Nelson Mandela was put behind the bars for ________ years. 27
7. Boers were also known as __________. Afrikaners

1. i) During World War I the primary task of Italy was to keep the Austrians
occupied on the Southern Front. PTA - 1
ii) Germany took to Fascism much later than Italy.
iii) The first huge market crash in the US occurred on 24 October 1929.
iv) The ban on African National Congress was lifted in 1966.
c) iii) and iv) are correct d) i), ii) and iii) are correct Ans: d) i), ii) and iii) are correct
2. Assertion (A) : A new wave of economic nationalism which expressed itself in protectionism
affected the world trade. PTA - 5
Reason (R) : This was because the USA was not willing to provide economic aid to the debtor countries.
a) Both A and R are correct b) A is right but R is not the correct explanation
c) Both A and R are wrong d) R is right but it has no relevance to A
Ans: b) A is right but R is not the correct explanation
3. Assertion (A) : The Berlin Colonial Conference of 1884-85 had resolved that Africa should be divided into
spheres of influence of various colonial powers.
13 HISTORY
Reason (R) : The war between the British and Boers in South Africa, however, was in defiance of this
resolution.
a) Both A and R are right b) A is right but R is not the right reason
c) Both A and R are wrong d) A is wrong and R has no relevance to A. Ans: a) Both A and R are right

I II Answers
1. Transvaal a Germany d Gold
2. Tongking b Hitler e Guerilla activities
3. Hindenburg GMQ c Italy a Germany
4. Third Reich d Gold b Hitler
5. Matteotti PTA - 2 e Guerilla activities c Italy
V. Answer briefly
1. What do you know of the White Terror in Indo-China? PTA - 6
 The Vietnam Nationalist party was formed in 1927.
 In 1929 the Vietnamese soldiers mutinied against the French occupation of their country.
 There was a failed attempt to assassinate the French Governor General.
 This was followed by a large scale peasant revolt led by the communists.
 The revolt was crushed and thousands of rebels were killed. This incident is known as “the White Terror”.
2. Discuss the importance of Ottawa Economic Summit.
 The Great Depression of 1929 had a disastrous impact on British trade and business.
 Britain transmitted the effects of Depression (1929) to its colonies. Bilateral trade treaties between Britain
and the member states of the British Empire were signed at an Economic summit in Ottawa in 1932.
 In the Ottawa Economic Summit the participants (including India) agreed to give preference to imperial
(Britain) over non-imperial goods.
3. What was the result of Mussolini’s march on Rome?
 Mussolini organised the Fascist march on Rome in October 1922 in the context of a long ministerial crisis.
 Impressed by the Mussolini’s march on Rome, the King invited Mussolini to form a government.
4. Point out the essence of the Berlin Colonial Conference, 1884-85.
 The Berlin Colonial Conference of 1884-85 had resolved that Africa should be divided into spheres of
influence of various colonial powers.
However the war was between the British and Boers in South Africa was in defiance of this resolution.

5. How did Great Depression impact on the Indian Agriculture?
 The Great Depression gave a death blow to Indian agriculture and the indigenous manufacturing sector.
 The value of farm produce declined by half, but the land rent to be paid by the peasant remained
unchanged.
 In terms of prices of agricultural commodities, the obligation of the farmers to the state doubled.
 Farmers and Indian manufacturers had to sell their gold and silver reserves to subsist and survive.
6. Define “Dollar Imperialism”. PTA - 2
Dollar Imperialism is the term used to describe the policy of the USA in maintaining and dominating over
distant lands through economic aid.
VI. Answer in detail

1. Trace the circumstances that led to the rise of Hitler in Germany.
The National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party) was founded in Munich in 1919 by a group of seven
members. One of them was Adolf Hitler.
HISTORY 14
 During world War I, Hitler served the Bavarian army.

 As a good speaker he won the hearts of the people.
 In 1923, he attempted to capture power. But he failed. So he was jailed.
 During his time in prison, he wrote the book 'Mein Kampf'.
 In the Presidential election of 1932, the Communist party polled about 6,000,000 votes.
 Alarmed capitalists and property owners began to support Fascism. Hitler used this opportunity to usurp powers.
Nazi State of Hitler:
 As the communists refused to collaborate with the democrats the Republican government fell.
The industrialists, bankers and junkers prevailed upon President Von Hindenburg to designate
Hitler as Chancellor in 1933. This Nazi state of Hitler was known as the Third Reich.
 Hitler declared all the political parties except the Nazi party as illegal.
 He introduced many reforms and the whole country came under his control.
 In August 1934, Hindenburg died. Hitler became both the President and Commander in Chief of the army,
besides being the Chancellor.
2. Attempt a narrative account of how the process of decolonization happened in India during the
inter-war period (1919-39).
The decolonization process started in India from the beginning of 20th century with the launch of the Swadeshi
Movement in 1905. There was rapid political as well as economic changes at the outbreak of the First World War
in 1914.
Dyarchy in Provinces:
 The Government of India Act of 1919 introduced Dyarchy in the provinces. It provided for elected provincial
assemblies as well as for Indian ministers to hold certain portfolios under Transferred subjects.
 The Indian National Congress rejected the arrangements under Dyarchy and decided to boycott the
legislature.
Lack of measures to industrialise India:
 There was no change in the colonial economic policy, despite the discriminating protection given to certain
industries such as sugar, cement and chemicals from 1921.
 The Government of British India provided incentives for the British iron and steel industry by guaranteeing
purchasing contracts. But in the case of indigenous industries, support was only in the form of providing,
“technical advice and education” sponsored by the government.
Impact of Depression on Indian Agriculture:
 The Great Depression gave a death blow to Indian agriculture and indigenous manufacturing sector. The
value of farm produce declined by half, but the land rent to be paid by the peasant remained unchanged.
 Farmers and Indian manufacturers had to sell their gold and silver resources to subsist and survive. The
great fall in prices prompted Indian nationalists to demand protection for the internal economy.
Government of India Act, 1935:
 This Act provided for greater power of the local Governments and the introduction of direct elections.
 The Indian National Congress won a resounding victory in most of the provinces. Without consulting the
Congress ministries, the British involved India in the World War II. So the Congress ministries in the provinces
resigned from office.
3. Describe the rise and growth of nationalist politics in South Africa. PTA - 1
 There were two main political parties in South Africa.
 The Unionist party (mainly British)
 The South Africa Party (largely Afrikaners / Boers)
 Botha, the first Prime Minister, belonged to the South Africa Party ruled in cooperation with the British.
 A militant section of the South Africa Party formed the National Party under Herzog.
 In the 1920 elections the National party gained 44 seats. The South Africa Party, now led by Smuts, secured
41 seats.
 At this Juncture the British-dominated Unionist Party merged with the South Africa Party. This gave Smuts a
majority over the militant Afrikaner- controlled National Party.
15 HISTORY
VII. Activity
1. Each Student may be asked to write an assignment on how each sector and each section of population in the
USA came to be affected by the stock market crash in 1929.
2. A group project work on Vietnam war is desirable. An album or pictures, portraying the air attacks of the US on
Vietnam and the brave resistance put up by the Vietnamese may be prepared .

1. The one who assumed the title Duce was
a) Hitler b) Mussolini c) Ho Chi Minh d) Roosevelt Ans: b) Mussolini
2. _________ standard is a monetary system.
a) Gold b) Platinum c) Silver d) Copper Ans: a) Gold
3. In1931, in the general elections ______________ party was defeated in England.
a) Labour b) Conservative c) Communist d) Socialist Ans: a) Labour
4. Mussolini was the son of a ___________.
a) goldsmith b) shoemaker c) blacksmith d) farmer Ans: c) blacksmith
5. Impressed by the show of force the _________ invited Mussolini to form a government. PTA - 1
a) Chief Justice b) President c) Queen d) King Ans: d) King
6. The _________ faith was made the religion of Italy.
a) Islamic b) Roman Catholic c) Buddhist d) Jews Ans: b) Roman Catholic
7. In the presidential election the Communist Party polled about _________ votes.
a) 6,000,000 b) 70,00,000 c) 80,00,000 d) 90,00,000 Ans: a) 6,000,000
8. The Act of _________ had segregated black and white farmers.
a) 1924 b) 1923 c) 1913 d) 1910 Ans: c) 1913
9. Who propagated Nazi Party's ideology?
a) Himmler b) Goebbels c) Heydrich d) D'Annunzio Ans: b) Goebbels
10. In Italy the Fascist party was formed in ________.
a) 1906 b) 1925 c) 1916 d) 1922 Ans: c) 1916
11. Which quickened the process of liberation in South America? PTA - 3
a) Support of US b) Napoleonic invasion
c) Simon Bolivar’s involvement d) French Revolution Ans: b) Napoleonic invasion
12. Name the President who made amendment to Munroe doctrine to justify American intervention
in the affairs of Latin America.
a) Theodore Roosevelt b) Truman
c) Eisenhower d) Woodrow Wilson Ans: a) Theodore Roosevelt
1. ___________ was called El Liberator. Simon Boliver

2. Franklin Roosevelt in his _________ policy agreed that the US would not intervene in Good Neighbour
the affairs of any state.
3. In 1821 ___________ seceded from Mexico. Central America
HISTORY 16
4. During his time in prison Hitler wrote the book ______________ Mein Kampf
5. The discovery of ___________ in Transvaal in 1886, led to large number of British Gold
miners settling in.
6. Hitler's army was known as ___________. Brown Shirts
7. In 1919, a miniature Fascist state was set up in Fiume by the Italian poet ___________. D’Annunzio
8. In 1935, Mussolini invaded _______________. Ethiopia
9. The Government of India Act of 1919 introduced _______ in the provinces Dyarchy

1. i) The Swadeshi movement was launched in 1905.
ii) In 1919 the Government of India Act introduced Dyarchy in the provinces.
iii) The Indian National Congress rejected the arrangements under Dyarchy.
iv) The Great Depression of 1929 gave a death blow to Indian agriculture.
a) i) and iii) is correct b) ii) and iv) are correct
c) All are wrong d) All are correct Ans: d) All are correct
2. Assertion (A) : After the White Terror, Ho Chi Minh left for Moscow.
Reason (R) : There was a failed attempt to assassinate Ho Chi Minh.
a) Both A and R are correct b) Both A and R are wrong
c) A is correct but R is wrong d) A is wrong but R is correct
Ans: c) A is correct but R is wrong
3. Assertion (A) : The Australian coastline had been explored in the 16th century.
Reason (R) : But the interior of Australia was unknown to the outside world.
c) A is correct but R is wrong d) A is wrong but R is correct
Ans: b) Both A and R are wrong
4. i) Mussolini was the son of a blacksmith.
ii) He qualified as an elementary school teacher.
iii) The Fascist party was founded in 1929.
iv) By the Lateran Treaty the Church recognised the Kingdom of Italy.
a) i) and ii) are correct b) i) and iii) is correct
c) iv) is correct d) i), ii) and iv) are correct Ans: d) i), ii) and iv) are correct

I II Answers
1. Fascist Party founded a 1933 c 1919
2. Lateran Treaty b 1887 e 1929
3. Hitler (Chancellor) c 1919 a 1933
4. French occupation d 1927 b 1887
5. Vietnam Nationalist Party e 1929 d 1927
V. Answer the following Briefly

1. Write a short note on “Stock Market Crash in the US”.
 The first huge crash occured on 24 October 1929. The price of shares in the New York Stock Market

fell steeply.
17 HISTORY
This discouraged investors and consumers to such an extent to sell their shares and dispose their


stocks. But there were no buyers.
This was followed by the failure of American banks. The American financiers were forced to recall their


own funds invested abroad.
2. Define ‘Fascism’
 “Fascism is a form of radical authoritarian ultra-nationalism, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible
suppression of opposition and strong regimentation of society and of the economy, which came to prominence
in early 20th century Europe”.
3. What were the provisions incorporated in the Lateran Treaty? PTA - 5
 Lateran Treaty was signed between Pope and Mussolini in 1929.

 By this Treaty Mussolini recognized the Vatican city as an independent state.

 In return the Church recognized the kingdom of Italy.

 The Roman Catholic faith was made the religion of Italy.

 Religious teaching was made compulsory in schools.

4. What do you know about “Ho Chi Minh”?
Ho Chi Minh was born in Tongking in 1890. When he was 21 he went to Europe. After working as a


cook in London, he went to Paris.
In the Paris Peace Conference, he lobbied for the independence for Vietnam. His articles in newspapers and


the pamphlet “French Colonialism on Trial” made him well known as a Vietnam nationalist.
In 1921 Ho Chi Minh became a founder-member of the French Communist Party. Two years later


he went to Russia and learnt revolutionary techniques. In 1925he founded the Revolutionary Youth
Movement.
5. What is gold standard?
Gold standard is a monetary system where a country's currency or paper money carried a value directly


linked to gold. Countries in the gold.
6. What do you know about the centres of civilizations existed before the discovery of America?
In Mexico (Central America) - The Maya Civilization


In Peru (South America) - The Inca Civilization


In Mexico (South America) - The Aztec Civilization


7.
How did Nelson Mandela become the First Black President of South Africa?
 Apartheid (Separateness) first became the racial policy of the Nationalist Party in 1947.

 The African National Congress which fought against the practice of the racialism was banned and Mandela

was put behind bars. Mounting pressure at the global level helped to end the racist regime.
 In 1990 the ban on ANC was lifted and Mandela was freed.

 The Africans were allowed to vote and ANC won the election. Mandela became the First
Black Prime Minister of South Africa.
8. What was the policy of Nazis towards the Jews?
 Hitler's government followed a policy of repressing Jewish people.

 The Jews were removed from government positions, excluded from universities and deprived of citizenship.
 Jewish businesses were closed down.
 Their establishments were attacked.
9. What is meant by decolonisation?
 Decolonisation is a process through which colonial powers transferred institutional and legal control over

their colonies to the indigenous nationalist governments.
HISTORY 18
10. Explain the Monroe Doctrine. GMQ

 Monroe, the President of the USA came up with his famous Monroe Doctrine.
 The Monroe Doctrine declared that if Europeans interfered anywhere in America, north or south, it
would amount to waging a war against the United States.
 This threat frightened the European powers and kept them away from South America.

1. What were the general developments in the world after the end of the war?
 The First World War led to the expansion of certain industries.
 But when the war came to an and, the industries that grew to meet the war-time requirements had to be
abandoned or modified.
 The political complications caused by the Treaty of Versailles worsened the situation.
 The war placed a heavy burden of debet on every European country.
Stock market crash in the U.S:
 The first huge crash occurred on 24 October, 1929. This discouraged investors and consumers to such an
extent that the people began to sell their shares and dispose of their stocks. But there were no buyers.
 This was followed by the failure of American banks.
 The American financiers were forced to recall their own funds invested abroad.
Breakdown of the International system of exchange:
 Despite emergency measures such as cut backs in expenditure and increased taxation, the situation did not
improve in England. So England decided to leave the Gold Standard. Devaluation forced creditors to
stop lending. This led to a world-wide credit contraction. As its effect was deep and prolonged, economists
and historians call it ‘The Great Depression’.
Repercussion in Politics:
 The Depression changed the political conditions in several countries. In England the Labour Party was
defeated in 1931. In the USA, the Republican Party which was responsible for the Depression was rejected
by the people in the elections for about 20 years.
2. Describe the Fascists under Mussolini.
In the 1924 elections 65% of the votes were cast for the Fascists, Matteotti, a socialist leader, who

questioned fairness of the election was murdered.
The opposition parties boycotted the Parliament in protest. Mussolini reacted by banning opposition parties

and censoring the Press. Opposition leaders were killed or imprisoned.
 Assuming the title of II Duce (the leader), in 1926 he became a dictator with power to legislate. He passed
a law forbidding strikes and lockouts. Unions and Employers were organized into corporations which would
settle wages and working conditions.
 In 1938 Parliament was abolished and was replaced by a body representing the Fascist Party and the
Corporations.
 As head to the administration and the armed forces, this new arrangement bolstered Mussolini’s dictatorial
control of the economy and to wield enormous power.
 By the Lateran Treaty Mussolini recognized the Vatican city as an independent state. In return, the church
recognized the kingdom of Italy.
3. Write a paragraph on Boer wars.
 The relations between the two British colonies of Natal and Cape Colony and the two independent Boer
states of Transvaal and the Orange Free State had long been unfriendly.
 In 1886 gold was discovered in Transvaal. So a large number of British miners settled in and around
Transvaal.
19 HISTORY
 The Boers referred to these people as Uitlanders (foreigners) and hated them.
 The Boers denied them political rights and taxed them heavily.
 So the question was whether the British or the Boers were to be supreme in South Africa.
 Fearing attacks from the British, the Boers armed themselves and decided to attack.
 The Boer war lasted from 1899 to 1902. Initially the Boers were successful.
 Later on the Boers were defeated.
 But the Boers took to guerrilla fighting against the British.
 So the British destroyed farms and crops. They set up internment camps for Boer women and children.
 Shortage of food, medical and sanitary facilities resulted in the death of 26,000 people.
 The British annexed the two Boer states. However the Boers were promised self government in due
course.
 In 1907 full responsible government was given to Transvaal and Orange Free State.
 The four states formed into a union.
 In 1909 a Union Parliament was provided at Cape Town. The Union of South Africa came into being in May. 1910.
4. How did the decisions of the Paris peace conference cause for the rise of Fascism in Italy? PTA - 4
 Italy was much disappointed at the peace settlement.
 The financial cost of the participation in the war was huge.
 After the war, in the sharing of the spoils Italy got less than what she expected.
 She was given merely small places such as Trieste, I stria and the South Tyrol.
 Italy suffered heavy losses in the war.
 The nationalists were unhappy with the marginal gain in territory from the Treaty of Versailles.
 The war resulted in inflation.
 There were frequent protests and strikes.
 People felt that the rulers responsible for the humiliation at Versailles.
 This led to the rise of Fascism in Italy.
5. Write about the rise of Mussolini in Italy. PTA - 3
 Mussolini was the son of a black smith.
 He qualified as an elementary school master. Then he became a journalist with socialist views.
 He was a forceful speaker.
 He broke with the socialists when they opposed Italy's entry into the war.
 When the Fascist party was formed in 1919 Mussolini immediately joined it.
 The Fascists were supported by all sections of the people.
 The Fascists resorted to violence freely.
 In 1922 Mussolini organised the Fascist March on Rome.
 Impressed by the show of force, the king invited Mussolini to form the government.
 The inability of the Democratic party leaders to organise themselves led to Mussolini’s triump.
IX. Timeline
1. Draw a Timeline for the following:
1922 - Mussolini’s march on Rome
1927 - Formation of Vietnam Nationalist Party
1929 - The Great Depression
1933 - Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany
1935 - Mussolini invaded Ethiopia
HISTORY 20
1922 ↔ Mussolini's march on Rome
1927 ↔ Formation of Vietnam Nationalist Party

1929 ↔ The Great Depression
1933 ↔ Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany

1935 ↔ Mussolini invaded Ethiopia
UNIT
World War II
Loyola
3 EC 7th Science

1. When did the Japanese formally sign of their surrender?
a) 2 September, 1945 b) 2 October, 1945 c) 15 August, 1945 d) 12 October, 1945
Ans: a) 2 September, 1945
2. Who initiated the formation of League of Nations?
a) Roosevelt b) Chamberlain c) Woodrow Wilson d) Baldwin
Ans: c) Woodrow Wilson
21 HISTORY
3. Where was the Japanese Navy defeated by the US Navy?

a) Battle of Guadalcanal b) Battle of Midway
c) Battle of Leningrad d) Battle of El Alamein Ans: b) Battle of Midway
4. Where did the US drop its first atomic bomb?
a) Kavashaki b) Innoshima c) Hiroshima d) Nagasaki Ans: c) Hiroshima
5. Who were mainly persecuted by Hitler?
a) Russians b) Arabs c) Turks d) Jews Ans: d) Jews
6. Which Prime Minister of England signed the Munich Pact with Germany?
a) Chamberlain b) Winston Churchill c) Lloyd George d) Stanley Baldwin
Ans: a) Chamberlain
7. When was the Charter of the UN signed?
a) June 26, 1942 b) June 26, 1945 c) January 1, 1942 d) January 1, 1945
Ans: b) June 26, 1945
1. Hitler attacked _______ which was a demilitarised zone. Rhineland
2. The alliance between Italy, Germany and Japan is known as ___________. Rome-Berlin-
Tokyo Axis
3. ___________ started the Lend Lease programme. President Roosevelt
4. Britain Prime Minister ___________ resigned in 1940. Chamberlain
5. _______ is a device used to find out the enemy aircraft from a distance Radar

1. Assertion (A) : President Roosevelt realised that the United States had to change its policy of isolation.
Reason (R) : He started a programme of Lend Lease in 1941..
c) Both A and R are wrong d) R is right but it has no relevance to A
Ans: a) Both A and R are correct
I II Answers
1. Blitzkrieg a Roosevelt e Lightning strike
2. Royal Navy b Stalingrad d Britain
3. Lend Lease c Solomon Island a Roosevelt
4. Volga d Britain b Stalingrad
5. Guadalcanal e Lightning strike c Solomon Island
V. Answer the questions briefly

1. Who were the three prominent dictators of the post World War I? PTA - 1
Mussolini (Italy)

 Hitler (Germany) Franco (Spain)

2. How did Hitler get the support from the people of Germany?
 By his impassioned speeches (He was gifted with oratorical skills)

 By promising a return to the glorious military past of Germany.

 He built his support on the notion of the racial superiority of the Germans as a pure 'Aryan' race and a deep-

seated hatred of the Jews
HISTORY 22
3. Describe the Pearl Harbour incident.

 In December 1941, Japan attacked American naval installations in Pearl Harbour, Hawaii without

any warning.
 The idea was to cripple America's Pacific fleet so that Japan would not face any opposition in its

offensive against South-east Asian countries.
 Many battleships and numerous fighter planes were destroyed.
 It brought the United States into the war as a part of the Allies.
4. What do you know of Beveridge Report?
In 1942 the Beveridge Report was published in the United Kingdom. It proposed a series of measures


which the government should adopt to provide the citizens certain things.
It included adequate income, health care, education, housing and employment to overcome poverty and


disease.
5. Name the Bretton Woods Twins.
The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund were referred to as the 'Bertton Woods Twins'.


They were both established after the Bretton Woods Conferance in 1944.

6. What are the objectives of IMF?
 To foster global monetary cooperation 
To secure financial stability 
To facilitate international trade

 To promote high employment and sustainable economic growth 
To reduce poverty around the world

1. Analyse the effects of the World War II. PTA - 2
World War II began in 1939 and ended in 1945. It was a modern war fought with heavy military equipment.
The total death toll was 24 million soldiers and 50 million civilians.
New geo-political power alignment: World War II changed the world in fundamental ways. The world was
polarized into two main blocs led by super powers.
 One was led by the United States (Anti Communist ideology)
 The other was led by Soviet Russia (Communist ideology)
Europe was divided into Communist and Non-Communist
Nuclear proliferation:
 The United States and the Soviet Union entered into a race to have more nuclear powered weapons.
 They built a large stockpile of such weapons.
International agencies: Many international agencies in particular the United Nations, the World Bank and
the International Monetary Fund came into existence providing a forum for countries large and small.
Decolonization:
 Colonial powers were forced to give independence to former colonies in a process of decolonization.
 India was the first country to achieve independence.
2. Assess the structure and the activities of the UN. GMQ PTA - 6
The United Nations now has 193 member states and each one - big or small has an equal vote in
the United Nations.
The structure of the United Nations:
General Assembly:
 The organs of UN are similar to a government Legislative, Executive and Judicial wings. The General
Assembly is the body in which each member state is represented.
Security Council:
 Next is the Security Council. It has 5 permanent members and 10 temporary members. Major issues and
conflicts and discussed here.
23 HISTORY
Secretariat:
 The Secretariat is the executive wing. It is headed by the Secretary General. The Secretary General is
elected by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council.
The International Court of Justice:
 The International Court of Justice is the judicial wing of the United Nations. It is located at The Hague
in Holland.
The Economic and Social Council:
 The Economic and Social Council is the 5th organ of the U.N. It co-ordinates all the economic and social
works of the United Nations.
Other organs:
 FAO, WHO, UNESCO, UNICEF and UNDP are other special organizations of the UN. They deal with areas
like food, health, education and culture.
Activities of the UN:
 The United Nations has expanded its activities in response to the changing problems facing the world.
 In the 1960s, decolonization was an important issue.
 Human rights, the problems of refugees, climate change, gender equality are all now within the ambit of
the activities of the UN.
 The UN Peace Keeping Force has acted in many areas of conflict all over the world.
 As a part of the Peace Keeping Force Indian army has been deployed in many parts of the world.
VIII. Students activity (Activity for students)

1. Marking the Allies and Axis countries, as well as important battlefields of World War II in a world map.

1. 'Lightning Strike' was the tactic of the ______ army
a) German b) Russian c) Britain d) Japanese Ans: a) German
2. In 1939, Hitler invaded ___________
a) Yugoslavia b) Russia c) Serbia d) Czechoslovakia
Ans: d) Czechoslovakia
3. In Britain Prime Minister Chamberlain resigned in ______
a) 1936 b) 1938 c) 1939 d) 1940 Ans: d) 1940
4. The associated organization which deals with health is ______
a) FAO b) WHO c) UNESCO d) ILO Ans: b) WHO
5. The end of Mussolini.
a) He committed suicide b) He was killed by Italian partisans
c) He escaped to Holland d) He was killed in the II world war
Ans: b) he was killed by Italian partisans
6. Hitler committed suicide in _________________.
a) March 1945 b) April 1945 c) June 1945 d) December 1945
Ans: b) April 1945
7. Blitzkrieg means a
a) Lightning war b) Trench warfare
c) Submarine warfare d) Guerilla warfare Ans: a) Lightning war
8. Now, the United Nations has _____________ member states.
a) 139 b) 150 c) 193 d) 126 Ans: c) 193
HISTORY 24
9. The two wars fought from 1914 to 1918 and 1939 to 1945 are referred to as world wars because
of the ________. PTA - 5
a) extended areas of the conflict
b) Very high death toll of civilians and armed combatants
c) fought on several fronts across Europe, Asia and Africa
d) All these Ans: d) All these
10. Where is the headquarters of the International Court of Justice located?
a) New York b) Chicago c) London d) The Hague Ans: d) The Hague
1. The International Monetary Fund was the brainchild of __________ and Harry Dexter White,
__________ John Maynard Keynes
2. The Allied forces under General ______ defeated the German and Italian forces. Montgomery
3. Hitler came to power in ___________. 1933
4. The First World War was fought from __________ to _________ 1914 - 1918
5. The Second World War was fought from __________ to _________ 1939 - 1945
6. The World Bank is located in ___________ Washington D.C.
7. The Treaty of Versailles was signed in the year _____________ 1919
8. The first country to achieve independence after the Second World War was ____ India
9. Human Rights Day is observed on ___________ 10, December
10. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights set forth fundamental human rights 30
in ___________ articles.
11. After the World War II ________ was voted into power in Great Britain. The Labour Party

1. i) General Montgomery defected the German and Italian forces.
ii) The Italian army was chased across the desert.
iii) Hitler was killed in April 1945
iv) Mussolini committed suicide in April 1945
a) i) and ii) are correct b) i) and iii) is correct
c) iii) and iv) are correct d) i) is correct and ii), iii) and iv) are wrong
Ans: d) i) is correct and ii), iii) and iv) are wrong
2. Assertion (A) : Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937
Reason (R) : All these were ignored by the allies but the League of Nations took action against Japan.
c) A is right and R is the correct reason d) A is right but R is wrong
Ans: d) A is right but R is wrong
3. Assertion (A) : Another atom bomb was dropped by the United States on Nagasaki.
Reason (R) : The Japanese refused to surrender
a) Both A and R are wrong b) A is right but R is wrong
c) A is right and R is the correct reason d) R is right but it has no relevance to A
Ans: c) A is right and R is the correct reason
4. Assertion (A) : In 1940, London and other industrial cities were bombed by the Germans.
Reason (R) : Bombing failed because of the top secret device 'radar'.
25 HISTORY
c) Both A and R are wrong d) R is right but it has no relevance to A.
Ans: a) Both A and R are correct
I II Answers
1. Treaty of Versailles a 1929 d 1919
2. Great Depression b 1942 a 1929
3. The Atlantic Charter c 1944 e 1941
4. Beveridge Report d 1919 b 1942
5. Bretton Woods Conference e 1941 c 1944
V. Answer the following briefly

1. Why did Emperor of Ethiopia appeal to the League of Nation? What was the result?
 Italy invaded Ethiopia. Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia appealed to the League of Nations.
 The Emperor did not get any help.
2. What do you know about the Munich Pact?
 In 1938, Prime Minister Chamberlain concluded the Munich Pact with Germany. It was a shameful
acceptance of Germany's invasion of Czechoslovakia.
 Hitler gave an assurance in the Munich Pact that Germany would not attack any other country. But
this was broken immediately. He invaded Czechoslovakia in 1939. Poland was attacked next. This was
the final act which resulted in the declaration of war by Britain and France against Germany.
3. Write a short note on the two distinct fronts where the World War II was fought.
 World War II was fought on two distinct fronts - Europe and Asia Pacific.
 In Europe, the war was fought by the Allies against Germany and Italy.
 In the Asia Pacific, the Allies fought Japan.
4. Write about 'Holocaust'
The word 'Holocaust' is used to describe the genocide of nearly 6 million Jews by the Germans

during World War II.
Annihilating the Jews was one of the main items on the political agenda of Hitler and the Nazis.

Hitler was able to play on the Anti-Jewish feelings (Anti-Semitism) which were common in Germany.

5. Why did the Germans drop their plan to invade Britain?
 By July 1940 Germans were planning to invade Britain. In September 1940, London was bombed mercilessly.
By October 1940 night bombing raids on London and industrial cities began.
With the aid of the new device 'radar' for detecting aircraft at a distance, the fighter planes of the Royal

Air Force (Spit fires and Hurricanes) were able to inflict severe losses on the German bombers. Finally the
raids stopped after October 1940. The Germans dropped their plans to invade Britain because of the failure
of the air battle.
6. Write a note on the Battle of Britain.
 Hitler wanted to force Britain to accept his proposals for peace by prolonged air attack.
 German air force began to attack specific targets like ports, airfields and industrial centres.
 London was bombed mercilessly and this action is called Blitz.
 London and other industrial cities were bombed.
 Though the British suffered heavy losses at first, eventually, it managed under the Prime ministership of
Winston Churchill and turned the air strike against Germany.
HISTORY 26
7. Explain the Land Lease Policy of the USA.

 America followed the policy of isolation. But President Roosevelt decided to change this policy. But
he could not intervene directly in the war.
 So he started the programme of Lend Lease.
 By this policy arms, food, military equipments and other supplies were sent to Britain disguised
as a 'loan' which would be returned after use.
8. Name some of the associated organs of the UNO.
 Food and Agricultural Organisation.  World Health Organisation.
 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.
 United Nations Children's Fund.  United Nations Development Programme.
9. What military equipments were used in the Second World war? PTA - 4
he war was fought with heavy military equipments such as tanks, submarines, battleships, aircraft carriers,
T
fighter planes and bomber planes.
10. What are soft loans?
 The International Development Agency lends money to governments for developmental activities.

 These loans are given at a very low rates of interest for a period of 50 years. These loans are
known as soft loans
11. Mention the important clauses of the Treaty of Versailles relating to Germany.
Germany was forced to give up territories to the west, north and east of the German border.


Germany had to disarm and was allowed to retain a very restricted armed force (army, navy and air force)


As reparations for the War, Germany was expected to pay for the military and civilian cost of the war to


the allied nations.

1. Analyse the causes of the World War II.
 The immediate and primary cause of World War II was the aggressive military offensive undertaken by a
resurgent Germany and a fast developing Japan.
1. Germany and the Treaty of Versailles
 The three clauses of the Treaty of Versailles caused great resentment among the Germans. Germany was
forced to give up its territories. Germany had to disarm and was allowed to retain a very restricted armed
force. It had to pay huge war reparations.
2. Failure of the League of Nations
 The League was expected to mediate between countries and take action against countries of military
aggression. The US did not become a member of the League. The other allied nations were determined to
maintain a non-interventionist attitude. So the League remained an ineffectual international body.
3. Post war crisis and Germany
 Germany experienced both high unemployment and severe inflation after the war. Its currency became
worthless. The post war conditions led to the rise of Hitler in Germany, Mussolini in Italy and France in Spain.
4. The rise of Adolf Hitler
 Adolf Hitler founded 'the Nazis'. He began to rearm Germany. Rome-Berlin-Tokyo axis was formed. In 1938
Hitler invaded Austria and Czechoslovakia.
 There were also aggression by Italy and Japan. Japan invaded Manchuria and China. The League of
Nations could not do anything. Italy invaded Ethiopia and Albania. Britain and France continued to be non-
interventionist though Germany, Italy and Japan involved in military activities.
 In 1938 Prime Minister Chamberlain concluded the Munich Pact. In 1939 the Soviet Union independently
concluded a non-aggression pact with Germany. The continued passivity of the allies and the reluctance to
start building up their armies were also contributory causes of the World War II.
27 HISTORY
2. Attempt an essay on Post-war Welfare states in Europe.

 The term 'Welfare state' refers to the concept that the government of a state is responsible for the social
and economic welfare of the people beyond providing defence and maintaining law and order.
 In 1942 the Beveridge Report was published in the United Kingdom which proposed a series of measures
which the government should adopt to provide citizens with adequate income, health care, education,
housing and employment to overcome poverty and disease.
 After the war, the Labour Party was voted into power in Britain. It promised to undertake steps to look
after the people "From the cradle to grave". Legislation was enacted to provide free health service, old age
pensions, unemployment benefits, childcare services and family welfare services.
 In addition, these countries also tried to minimize economic disparities through progressive taxation by
taxing the higher income groups at relatively high rates.
3. The Pearl Harbour attacks become an important event during the Second World War. How? PTA - 3
 On December 1941, Japan attacked American naval installations in Pearl Harbour without warning.
 The idea was to cripple America’s Pacific fleet so that Japan would not face any opposition.
 Many battleships and numerous fighter planes were destroyed.
 So United States declared war on Japan, Britain and China also joinined it.
 Thus America entered the Second World War with its enormous resources.
4. Attempt an essay on the rise and fall of Adolf Hitler. PTA - 5
The rise of Adolf Hitler:
 Adolf Hitler was able to exploit the general discontent among the Germans and rose to power.
 Hitler was gifted with oratorical skills and was able to sway the people by his impassioned speeches.
He promised a return to the glorious military past of Germany.
 He founded the National Socialist Party, generally known as "the Nazis".
 The fundamental platform on which Hitler built his support was the notion of the racial superiority of
the Germans as a pure, 'Aryan' race and a deep seated hatred of the Jews.
 Hitler came to power in 1933 and ruled Germany till 1945.
 Unminding the clauses of the Treaty of Versailles, Hitler began to rearm Germany. Spending large
amounts by government for the recruitment of military forces and armaments and machinery for the
military resulted in an economic revival. It solved the problem of unemployment in Germany.
 Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia made a better relationship between Italy and Germany.
 Before Germany invaded the Rhineland Rome-Berlin axis came into being
 When Japan joined this alliance, it became Rome-Berlin-Tokyo axis.
 Hitler invaded Austria and Czechoslovakia (1938).
The fall of Hitler:
 The allied forces under the command of General Eisenhower invaded Normandy in France. Slowly the
German army was forced back. But the Germans fought back and the war continued for nearly one more
year and finally ended in May 1945.
 From 1944, the Russian army began to attack Germany from the East and captured much of Eastern
Europe and Poland. Hitler committed suicide in April 1945.
IX. Timeline
1. Draw a Timeline for the following
1939 - Outbreak of World War II 1940 - Battle of Britain
1941 - Pearl Harbour incident 1942 - Battle of Stalingrad
1945 - End of World War II 1945 - Formation of UNO
HISTORY 28
UNIT
The World After World War II
Loyola
4 EC 7th Science

1. Which American President followed the policy of containment of Communism?
a) Woodrow Wilson b) Truman
c) Theodore Roosevelt d) Franklin Roosevelt Ans: b) Truman
2. When was People's Political Consultative Conference held in China? PTA - 6
a) September 1959 b) September 1948
c) September 1954 d) September 1949 Ans: d) September 1949
29 HISTORY
3. The United States and European allies formed _____ to resist any Soviet aggression in Europe.
a) SEATO b) NATO c) SENTO d) Warsaw Pact Ans: b) NATO
4. Who became the Chairman of the PLO's Executive Committee in 1969?
a) Hafez al-Assad b) Yasser Arafat
c) Nasser d) Saddam Hussein Ans: b) Yasser Arafat
5. When was North and South Vietnam united? PTA - 3
a) 1975 b) 1976 c) 1973 d) 1974 Ans: b) 1976
6. When was the Warsaw Pact dissolved?
a) 1979 b) 1989 c) 1990 d) 1991 Ans: d) 1991

1. __________________ was known as the "Father of modern China". Dr. Sun Yat-Sen
2. In 1918, the Society for the study of Marxism was formed in __________ University. Peking
3. After the death of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the leader of the Kuomintang party was _________. Chiang Kai-Shek
4. The Central Treaty
_______ treaty is open to any Arab nation desiring peace and security in the region.
Organization
5. The treaty of _________ provided for mandates in Turkish -Arab Empire. Versailles
6. Germany joined the NATO in _________________. 1955
7. _____________ was the Headquarters of the Council of Europe. GMQ Strasbourg
8. _________ treaty signed on February 7, 1992 created the European Union. The Maastricht

1.
i) I n China (1898) the young emperor, under the influence of the educated minority, initiated a
series of reforms known as the 100 days of reforms.
ii) The Kuomintang Party represented the interests of the workers and peasants.
iii) Yuan Shih-Kai had lost prestige in the eyes of Nationalists, when he agreed to the demand
of Japan to have economic control of Manchuria and Shantung.
iv) Soviet Union refused to recognize the People's Republic of China for more than two decades.
a) i) and ii) are correct b) ii) and iii) are correct
c) i) and iii) are correct d) i) and iv) are correct Ans: c) i) and iii) are correct
2.
i) In 1948, the Soviets had established left wing government in the countries of Eastern Europe
that had been liberated by the Soviet Army.
ii) The chief objective of NATO was to preserve peace and security in the North Atlantic region.
iii) The member countries of SEATO were committed to prevent democracy from gaining
ground in the region.
iv) Britain used the atomic bomb against Japan to convey its destructive capability to the USSR.
a) ii), iii) and iv) are correct b) i) and ii) are correct
c) iii) and iv) are correct d) i), ii) and iii) are correct Ans: b) i) and ii) are correct
3. Assertion (A) : America's Marshall Plan was for reconstruction of the war-ravaged Europe. PTA - 2
Reason (R) : The US conceived the Marshal Plan to bring the countries in the Western Europe under its influence.
a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A
b) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
d) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct
Ans: c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
HISTORY 30

I II Answers
1. Dr. Sun Yat-Sen a South Vietnam b Kuomintang
2. Syngman Rhee GMQ b Kuomintang c South Korea
3. Anwar Sadat PTA - 2 c South Korea d Egypt
4. Ho-Chi Minh d Egypt e North Vietnam
5. Ngo Dinh Diem e North Vietnam a South Vietnam
V. Answer briefly
1. Write any three causes for the Chinese Revolution of 1911.
 The disintegration of the government of Manchu dynasty began with the death of the Dowager - Empress in 1908.
 The new emperor was two years old and the Provincial governors began to assert their
independence.
 In October 1911 the local army mutinied and the revolt spread.

 Provincial governors removed the Manchu garrisons and proclaimed their independence.
2. Write a note on Mao's Long March. PTA - 3
 By 1933 Mao had gained full control of the Chinese Communist party.

 In 1934, the Communist army of about 100,000 set out on the Long March. The march has
become legendary.
The marchers were continually harassed by Kuomintang forces, by local war lords and by unfriendly


tribesmen. Of the 100,000 who set out, only 20,000 finally arrived in northern Sheni after crossing nearly
6,000 miles.
3. What do you know of Baghdad Pact?
 Turkey, Iraq, Great Britain, Pakistan and Iran signed a pact in 1955. This pact was known as

"Baghdad Pact".
 In 1958 the United States joined the organisation. Thereafter it came to be known as "The Central Treaty

Organisation (CENTO)". This treaty was open to any Arab nation desiring peace and security in the region.
CENTO was dissolved in 1979.
4. What was Marshall Plan? GMQ
 The US conceived the Marshall Plan to bring the countries in the western Europe under its influence by

helping them with US finance.
 Marshall plan sought to help the countries of Europe with American dollars to facilitate their early

recovery from the destruction caused by the Second World War.
 Sixteen nations have been benefited by this scheme.

 These nations have received help to the tune of 13 billion dollars.

5. Write a note on Third World countries. PTA - 2
 First World - The Capitalist countries led by the US.

Second World - The Communist countries led by the Soviet Union
Third World - The countries outside these First World and Second World.
6. How was the Cuban missile crisis defused?
 In April 1961 an army of Cuban exiles landed on the island of Bay of Pigs. The US bombed Cuban air fields
with the objective of overthrowing Castro's regime. US warships surrounded Cuba.
 The Kennedy government received intelligence that the USSR was secretly installing nuclear missiles in Cuba.
Finally, the Soviet President Khrushchev agreed to withdraw the missiles and thus the missile crisis was
defused.
31 HISTORY

1. Estimate the role of Mao Tse tung in making China a communist country. PTA - 5
 After the death of Sun Yat Sen the Leader of the Kuomintang was Chiangkai Shek.
 The Communist party was under Mao Tse Tung and Chou En Lai.
Mao as organizer of Peasants:
 Mao understood that Kuomintang grip on the towns was very strong. So he concentrated his energies on
organising peasantry.
 When the relationship between Kuomintang and Communist party broke, a few hundred Communists led by
Mao retreated into the wild mountains.
 There they stayed for seven years. The Kuomintang could not enter the mountains.
 The campaign against the Communists was distracted as Chiang Kai Shek had to deal with the constant
threat from Japan and also the attacks from war lords.
Long March:
 Chiang Kail Shek circled around the Communists.
 Mao wanted to move out of Hunan.
 In 1934 the Communist army of about 100,000 set out on the Long march. In 1935 Mao reached northern
Sheni after crossing 6000 miles only with 20,000 members.
 By 1937 Mao had become the leader of over 10 million people of China.
 With the surrender of the Japanese, both the Kuomintang and the communists tried to capture power.
 In this race, Kuomintang was successful.
 With the support of the USA, the whole adminstration fell into hands of Kuomintang.
Role of Mao Tse Tung:
 So, Mao was keen on obtaining the support of the middle class.
 He declared that what the communists wanted was the rule of the people, and not the dictatorship.
National People's Congress:
 In September 1949, 650 delegates from the Communist party met and elected the central Governing council
with Mao as Chairman.
 The People's Republic of China was established under the leadership of Mao Tse Tung.
Narrate the history of transformation of Council of Europe into an European Union.
2. PTA - 4
 One of the momentous decisions taken in the post - War II era was to integrate the states of
Western Europe. In doing so the Europeans wanted.
i)
To prevent further European wars by ending the rivalry between France and Germany.
ii) To create a united Europe to resist any threat from Soviet Russia.
iii)
T
o form a third force in the world to counter - balance the strength of the US and USSR.
iv) To make full use of the Economic and military resources of Europe by organizing them on a continental scale.
1 Council of Europe: In May 1949 ten countries met in London and signed to form a Council of Europe. The
Council of Europe was established with its headquarters at Strasbourg.
2. European coal and steel Community: The European Defence Community (EDC) and the European Coal
and Steel Community (ECSC) were established.
3. European Economic Community: Six countries belonging to ECSC signed the Treaty of Rome and
established the European Economic Community. (EEC) or the European Common Market.
 Its headquarters was at Brussels. It eliminated barriers to the movement of goods, services and capital.
 A common agricultural policy and a common external trade policy were evolved.
4. Single European Act: The Single European Act came into force on July 1, 1987. Each member was given
multiple votes depending on the population.
5. European Union: The Maastricht Treaty was signed on February 7, 1992. It created the European Union.
Today the European Union has 28 member countries.
HISTORY 32
VII Activity
1. Divide the class into two groups. Let one group act as supporters of USA and the other group act as supporters
of Soviet Union, Organise a debate.
2. Involving the entire class, an album may be prepared with pictures relating to Korean, Arab-Israeli and Vietnam
Wars to highlight the human sufferings in terms of death and devastation.

1. The unity of China lasted for _______ years.
a) eight b) six c) ten d) four Ans: d) four
2. There were _______ European nations in the WARSAW pact.
a) six b) eight c) ten d) twelve Ans: b) eight
3. The NAM held its first conference at
a) Kathmandu b) Cairo c) Belgrade d) Dhaka Ans: c) Belgrade
4. The headquarters of the European Union is at
a) Geneva b) The Hague c) Laxemburg d) Brussels Ans: d) Brussels
5. CENTO was dissolved in
a) 1979 b) 1999 c) 1955 d) 1885 Ans: a) 1979
6. To day the European Union has _____________ member countries.
a) 25 b) 28 c) 32 d) 39 Ans: b) 28
7. The first President of the state of Palestine on April 2, 1989 was _____________.
a) Ho Chi Minh b) Anwar Sadat c) Yasser Arafat d) Fidel Castro Ans: c) Yasser Arafat
8. The People's Republic of China was established under the leadership of
a) Mao Tse Tung b) Chiang Kai Shek c) Chou En Lai d) Truman Ans: a) Mao Tse Tung
9. The Bandung conference was held in the year.
a) 1952 b) 1953 c) 1954 d) 1955 Ans: d) 1955
10. The SEATO is also known as
a) Simla Pact b) Manila Pact c) Baghdad Pact d) Warsa Pact Ans: b) Manila Pact

1. The Taiping Rebellion lasted for _______ years. Fourteen
2. Yuan Shih Kai served as a minister in the _______ administration. Manchu
3. Sun Yat-sen was a doctor of _______. Medicine
4. In 1965 marines landed at _______ naval base. Danang
5. Egypt and Syria launched a surprise and sudden attack on the _____ religious holiday. Yom kippur
6. Mao enrolled in the Teachers Training College in _______. Changsha

7. The US troops used _______ weapons in the Vietnam war. bacteriological
8. The Berlin wall was a ___ boundary between Communism and Capitalism. symbolic
9. The cold war period ended with the fall of ______ Berlin wall
10. The disintegration of the Manchu dynasty began with the death of the ________ Empress Dowager
11. The name of the single European currency is ___________ Euro
33 HISTORY
12. Warsaw Pact was dissolved after the break up of ________ USSR
13. With the collapse of _________ the idea of non-alignment lost relevance Soviet Union
14. Suez canal was nationalised in ___________ by _________ 1956, Nasser
15. The city of Saigon was renamed as _____________ Ho Chi Minh
16. The Jews were scattered around Europe and North America. This incident was known Diaspora
as _____________
17. North Vietnam and South Vietnam were formally united as one country in ________ 1976

1. i) The Russian revolution broke out in 1917.
ii) The new emperor of Manchu dynasty was five years old.
iii) The Morning Star of China was Dr. Sun Yat sen.
iv) Shanghai and Canton were coastal cities.
a) i) and ii) are correct b) ii) and iii) are correct
c) iii) and iv) are correct d) i), iii) and iv) are correct Ans: d) i), iii) and iv) are correct
2. i) Under Glasnost there was space for criticism of politics and government.
ii) The NAM held its first conference at Delhi.
iii) Mao Tse Tung was born in Hunan.
iv) Castro nationalized the UK owned sugar companies.
a) i), iii) and iv) are correct b) i) and ii) are correct
c) i) and iii) are correct d) i), ii) and iii) are correct Ans: c) i) and iii) are correct
3. Assertion (A) : The US-owned oil refineries in Cuba refused to process Russian oil.
Reason (R) : Castro nationalized the US-owned sugar companies.
a) Both (A) and (R) are wrong
b) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
c) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct
d) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A
Ans: d) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A
I II Answers
1. Death of Dowager a 1954 c 1908
2. Russian Revolution b 1945 e 1917
3. The Long March c 1908 d 1934
4. Arab League Formation d 1934 b 1945
5. Manila Pact e 1917 a 1954
V. Give short answer

1. How was the cold war situation created?
 The emergence of the US and the USSR as super powers resulted in the division of the world into two
antagonistic blocs, with each entering into military pacts signed with either of the two super powers.
 The US was trying to prevent the spread of Communism. The Soviet Russia was making determined efforts
to install Communist regimes in Europe.

In this background a Cold war situation was created.
HISTORY 34
2. Write a note on Berlin Wall. PTA - 1

 After the division of Germany, West Berlin's economy became prosperous thanks to the support received
from the west under Marshall plan.
 But the people in East Berlin suffered from lack of democracy and freedom. So they tried to move to West
Berlin.
 In West Berlin there was a fear that the Soviets could use military force to take West Berlin.
 In this context East Germany began to construct a wall in 1961 which would cut West Berlin from East
Berlin.
3. What were the basic principles of Non-aligned movement?
 Peaceful co-existence.
 Commitment to peace and security.
 No military alliance with any super power.
 No permission for any super power to build its military base in its territories.
4. Write about Manila Pact.
The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) was organized for the collective security of countries

in Southeast Asia.
Manila Pact (1954) was signed by USA, France, England, New Zealand, Australia, Philippines, Thailand and

Pakistan. The member countries were committed to prevent communism from gaining ground in the region.
5. What is the importance of Opium wars?
 Two opium wars were fought between China and England in 1832 and 1848.
China was defeated. It was compelled to open its ports to western powers.

The opening of China to western imperialism led to economic exploitation and the impoverishment of the

Chinese people.
6. What were the three principles of Dr. Sun Yat Sen?
D
r. Sun Yat Sen's three principles were Nationalism, Democracy and People's livelihood with socialism as the
ultimate object.
7. Write a short note on Perestroika.
 Perestroika refers to the programme introduced by Mikhail Corbachev to restructure Soviet economic and
political system.
 It was intended to energize Soviet economy which was lagging behind the developed countries of the
capitalist world.
8. What do you understand by Glasnost?
It was a policy of ideologically openness introduced by Gorbachev along with Perestroika.

Under Glasnost there was more openness. Writers who had been censored earlier were rehabilitated.

There was space for criticism of politics and government.

1. Write about "the Korean War"
The Korean War made the Cold War really hot.
 Since Korea was partitioned as North Korea and South Korea (1945), each side sought to gain
legitimacy by unifying the country
 The President of North Korea Kim II (People's Republic of Korea) decided to act before his southern
rival, Syngman Rhee (the Republic of Korea), got the chance. He launched an attack in June 1950,
with the tacit support of Stalin.
35 HISTORY
Both Kim and Stalin did not expect the US to intervene. The war lasted for three years. The human

cost was enormous.
But the Korean people gained nothing.

2. Explain - The Cuban Revolution
The United States had its satellite states in Central America, the Caribbean and East Asia

These states were governed by ruling groups made up of military personnel, landed gentry and

occasionally of local capitalists.
After Castro took power, the US owned oil refineries on the island refused to process Russian oil. Castro

nationalized them. The US retaliated by ending the arrangement by which it bought the bulk of Cuba's sugar.
Castro nationalized the US - owned sugar companies and ended the US monopolies in electricity and telephones.

All these gravely threatened American economic interests.
3. Attempt an essay on "the fall of Berlin Wall"
T
he division of Germany into West Germany and East Germany led to glaring differences in living standards.
 West Berlin’s economy became prosperous thanks to the support received from the West under the
Marshall Plan. In contrast Soviet had little interest in developing the economy of the East Berlin.
People in East Berlin suffered from lack of democracy and freedom. So the people of East Berlin tried

to move to West Berlin.
On the other hand, in West Berlin there was a fear that the Soviets could use military force to take

West Berlin.
In this context East Germany began to construct a wall in 1961 which virtually cut West Berlin from

East Berlin and the surrounding East German areas. It was heavily guarded with watch towers to stop
people from the East.
In the mid to late 1980s, as USSR's hold over Eastern European countries was weakening, a mass

of people assembled on 9 November 1989 on both sides of the Wall began to demolish it. Germany
was officially reunited on 3 October 1990.
The Berlin Wall was not just a physical barrier. It was a symbolic boundary between Communism and

Capitalism. With the fall of the Berlin wall, followed by the collapse of the Soviet Union on 26 December
1991, the Cold war era came to an end.
4. What do you know about the Suez Canal Crisis? PTA - 6
Colonel Nasser nationalized Suez Canal in 1956. It undermined British interests.

With the failure of diplomacy, Britain and France decided to use force.

Israel saw this as an opportunity to open the Gulf of Aqaba to Israell shipping and put a stop to Egyptian

border raids, Israeli forces invaded Egypt on 29 October.
Britain used this opportunity to demand that its troops be allowed to occupy the canal zone to protect the

canal. Egypt refused and on 31 October Britain and France bombed Egyptian airfields and also the Suez
Canal area.
However under pressure of the world opinion Britain and France ended hostilities on November 6.

5. Attempt an essay on the Arab-Israeli wars of 1967 and 1973.
Arab-Israeli War 1967:
 Ever since the formation of the Palestinian Liberal Organisation, Isreal came to be attacked frequently by
Palestinian guerilla groups based in Syria, Lebanon and Jordan.
 In November 1966, an Israeli strike on the village in Jordanian West Bank left 18 dead and 54 wounded.
 Israel's air battle with Syria ended in the shooting down of six Syrian MIG fighter jets.
 Egypt mobilized its forces in the Sinai in support of Syria and closed the Gulf of Aqaba to Israeli shipping.
 King of Jordan signed a mutual defence pact with Egypt. Soon Iraq too joined the alliance.
 In the war Israel achieved overwhelming victory.
Arab-Israeli war - 1973:
 Anwar Sadat, the President of Egypt and Hafes-al-Assad, the President of Syria concluded a secret agreement
in January 1973 to bring their armies under one command.
HISTORY 36
 Sadat offered the Israelis a peace deal, if they would withdrew from Sinai.
 Israel rejected the offer.
 Egypt and Syria launched a sudden attack on Israel.
 Though Israel suffered heavy casualities, it could finally pushed back the Arab forces.
 But due to UN intervention Isreal was forced to return to its 1967 position.
 Arabs gained nothing out of this war.
 By way of mediation the US succeeded in asserting its hegemony over the region and its oil.
VIII. Timeline
Draw a Timeline for the following
1934 - Long March 1949 - NATO 1954 - SEATO 1955 - Warsaw Pact 1956 - Suez canal crisis
1961 - Belgrade conference
37 HISTORY
UNIT Social and Religious Reform
Loyola
5 Movements in the 19th Century
EC 7th Science

1. In which year was Sati abolished?
a) 1827 b) 1829 c) 1826 d) 1927 Ans: b) 1829
2. What was the name of the Samaj founded by Dayanand Saraswati?
a) Arya Samaj b) Brahmo Samaj
c) Prarthana Samaj d) Adi Brahmo Samaj Ans: a) Arya Samaj
3. Whose campaign and work led to the enactment of Widow Remarriage Reform Act of 1856?
a) Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar b) Raja Rammohan Roy
c) Annie Besant d) Jyotiba Phule Ans: a) Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar
4. Whose voice was Rast Goftar? PTA - 4
a) Parsi Movement b) Aligarh Movement
c) Ramakrishna Mission d) Dravida Mahajana Sabha Ans: a) Parsi Movement
5. Who was the founder of Namdhari Movement?
a) Baba Dayal Das b) Baba Ramsingh
c) Gurunanak d) Jyotiba Phule Ans: b) Baba Ramsingh
6. Who was the founder of Widow Remarriage Association? PTA - 3
a) M.G. Ranade b) Devendranath Tagore
c) Jyotiba Phule d) Ayyankali Ans: a) M.G. Ranade
7. Who was the author of the book Satyarthaprakash ? PTA - 2
a) Dayananda Saraswathi b) Vaikunda Swamy
c) Annie Besant d) Swami Shradanatha Ans: a) Dayananda Saraswathi
1. _______ founded the Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam. Vallalar (Ramalinga Adigal)
2. The founder of Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was _______. M.G. Ranade
3. Gulumgiri was written by _______. Jyotiba Phule
4. Ramakrishna Mission was established by _______. Vivekananda
5. _______ was the forerunner of Akali Movement. Singh Sabha
6. ‘Oru Paisa Tamilan’ was started by __________. Iyothee Thassar

1. i) Raja Rammohan Roy preached monotheism
ii) He encouraged idolatry
iii) He published tracts condemning social evils
iv) Raja Rammohan Roy was supported by Governor General William Bentinck
a) i) is correct b) i) and ii) are correct
c) i), ii) and iii) are correct d) i), iii) and iv) are correct
Ans: d) i), iii) and iv) are correct
HISTORY 38
2. i) Prarthana Samaj was founded by Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang PTA - 6

ii) Prarthana Samaj encouraged inter-dining and inter-caste marriage
iii) Jyotiba Phule worked for the upliftment of men.
iv) Prarthana Samaj had its origin in Punjab.
a) i) is correct b) ii) is correct
c) i) and ii) are correct d) iii) and iv) are correct Ans: c) i) and ii) are correct
3. i) Ramakrishna Mission was actively involved in social causes such as education, health care,
relief in time of calamities.
ii) Ramakrishna emphasised the spiritual union with god through ecstatic practices.
iii) Ramakrishna established the Ramakrishna Mission
iv) Ramakrishna opposed the Partition of Bengal
c) iii) is correct d) iv) alone correct Ans: b) i) and ii) are correct
4. Assertion : Jyotiba Phule opened orphanages and homes for widows
Reason : Jyotiba Phule opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage
a) Assertion is correct but reason is not apt to the assertion
b) Assertion is correct and the reason is apt to the assertion
c) Both are wrong d) Reason is correct but assertion is irrelevant
Ans: a) Assertion is correct but reason is not apt to the assertion
I II Answers
1. Oru paisa Tamilan a Widows Remarriage Reform Act d Journal
2. Thiruvarutpa PTA - 4 b Nirankari e Songs of Grace
3. Baba Dayal Das c Adi Brahmo Samaj b Nirankari
4. Iswar chandra Vidyasagar d Journal a Widows Remarriage Reform Act
5. Debendranath e Songs of Grace c Adi Brahmo Samaj
V. Answer briefly
1. Mention the four articles of faith laid down by Maharishi Debendranath Tagore. PTA - 4
In the beginning there was nothing. The one supreme being alone existed who created the Universe.

He alone is the God of Truth, Infinite wisdom, Goodness and Power, eternal, Omnipresent, the One

without second.
Our salvation depends on belief in Him and in His worship in this world and the next.

Belief consists in loving Him and doing His will.

2. Discuss Mahadev Govind Ranade's contribution to social reforms.
M.G. Ranade devoted himself to activities such as inter-caste dining, inter-caste marriage, widow

remarriage and improvement of women and depressed classes.
He founded the Widow Marriage Association, The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha and The Deccan Education

Society.
3. Write a note on reforms of Ramalinga Adigal.
Ramalinga Adigal emphasised the bonds of responsibility and compassion between living beings.

e showed his compassion and mercy on all living beings including plants. This he called "Jeeva
 H
Karunya".
He established the Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam in 1865.

Ramalinga also established a free feeding house for everyone irrespective of caste at Vadalur (1867) in

the wake of a terrible famine in South India in 1866.
39 HISTORY
4. List the social evils eradicated by Brahmo Samaj. PTA - 6

 Sati  Child marriage  Polygamy  Subjucation of women
5. Highlight the work done by Jyotiba Phule for the welfare of the poor and the marginalized.
 Jyothiba Phule opened the first school for “untouchables” in Poona.
 He launched Satyashodak Samaj to stir the non-Brahman masses to self-respect and ambition.
 He opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage.
 Jyotiba and his wife devoted their lives for the uplift of the depressed classes and women.
 He opened orphanages and homes for the widows.
VII. Answer in detail

1. Discuss the circumstances that led to the Reform movements of 19th century. PTA - 5
 English education produced a new English educated middle class. This class came under the influence of
western ideas and thoughts.
 Christianity also had its effect on the newly emerging middle class.
 The educated middle class began to take a lead in political as well as in reform movements.
 Scholars and writers like Raja Rammohan Roy, Bankim Chandra Chatterji and K.C. Sen encouraged people
towards reforms.
 Their ideas and actions helped to mitigate social evils such as Sati, Female infanticide and Child marriage
and all kinds of superstitious religious beliefs.
 The Indians were inspired by the western ideas of reason, equality, liberty and humanity.
 They wanted to revive the past glory and started various social and religious reform movements and tried
to remove social evils.
 Thus began the Reform movement in the 19th Century.
2. Evaluate the contributions of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and Swami Vivekananda to regenerate
Indian society. PTA - 3
Contribution of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa:-
 Ramakrisha Paramahamsa emphasised the spiritual union with God through ecstatic practices such as
singing bhajans.
 An ardent worshipper of Goddess Kali, the sacred mother, he declared that the manifestations of the divine
mother were infinite.
 In his view, all religions contain the universal elements which would lead to salvation.
 He said, "Jiva is Siva" (all living beings are God).
 According to him service to man is service to God.
Contributions of Swami Vivekananda:
 Swami Vivekananda was the prime follower of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.
 Dissatisfied with conventional philosophical positions and practices, he advocated the practical Vedanta of
service to humanity. He attacked the tendency to defend every institution simply because it was connected
with religion.
 He made a call to Indian youth to regenerate Hindu society.
 His ideas bred a sense of self-confidence among Indians who felt inferior in relation to the materialist
achievements of the West.
 Vivekananda's activist ideology rekindled the desire for political change among many western-educated
young Bengalis.
 Vivekananda inspired many of the youths involved in the militant nationalist struggle.
 He founded Ramakrishna Mission.
 Apart from religious activities Ramakrishna Mission was actively involved in social causes such as education,
health care and relief in times of calamities.
3. Write an essay on the role played by the 19th century reformers towards the cause of Women.
Raja Rammohan Roy: PTA - 2
 Raja Rammohan Ray advocated the rights of widows to remarry. He wanted polygamy to end.
HISTORY 40
It was because of Raja Rammohan Roy's hard word, Lord William Bentinck passed Sati Abolition Act in

1829.
 Raja Rammohan Roy condemned the subjugation of women and opposed the prevailing ideas that women
were inferior to men. He strongly advocated education for women.
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar:
 Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was against sati, polygamy and child marriage.
 He supported remarriage of widows.
 He played a leading role in promoting education of girls. He dedicated his whole life for the betterment of
the child widows of the Hindu society. Because of his efforts the Widows' Remarriage Reform Act was
passed in 1856.
M.G. Ranade:
 Justice M.G. Ranade devoted himself to activities such as inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage and
improvement of women and depressed.
 He was the founder of the Widow Marriage Association (1861)
Jyotiba Phule:
 Phule opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage.
 Joytiba and his wife devoted their lives for the uplift of the depressed classes and women. He opened
orphanages and homes for widows.
Dayanand Saraswati: Dayanand Saraswati opposed child marriage and supported widows remarriage.
VII. Activity (Activity for students)

1. Role-play by students on Reformers and their reforms of the 19th century India.
2. Debate on Social evils of 19th century with those of present day.

1. Rammohan Roy opened a temple in ______ where there was no image.
a) Bombay b) Delhi c) Chennai d) Calcutta Ans: d) Calcutta
2. Debendranath Tagore was Rabindranath Tagore's ___________.
a) father b) brother c) uncle d) son Ans: a) father
3. The one who built a temple at Aruvipuram and dedicated its to all.
a) Annie Besant b) Narayana Guru c) Ayyankali d) Iyothee Thassar
Ans: b) Narayana Guru
4. Gulamgiri means ___________.
a) Faith b) Goodness c) Slavery d) Salvation Ans: c) Slavery
5. Ramakrishna was an ardent worshipper of goddess ___________. the sacred mother
a) Kali b) Mary c) Sakti d) Annai Ans: a) Kali
6. World Congress of Religions was held in ___________. in 1893.
a) New York b) Chicago c) London d) Paris Ans: b) Chicago
7. "Go back to Vedas' was the motto of
a) Raja Rammohan Roy b) Dayanand Saraswati
c ) Vivekananda d) Annie Besant Ans: b) Dayanand Saraswati
8. The Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangam was founded by ___________.
a) Ayyankali b) Narayana Guru
c) Vallalar d) Jyotiba Phule Ans: a) Ayyankali
41 HISTORY
9. Brahmo Samaj was founded by

a) M.G Ranade b) Raja Rammohan Roy
c) Vivekananda d) K.C. Sen Ans: b) Raja Rammohan Roy
10. Prarthana Samaj was founded by
a) M.G. Ranade b) Debendranath Tagore
c) Mul Shankar d) Atma Ram Pandurang Ans: d) Atma Ram Pandurang
11. Arya Samaj was founded in the year___________.
a) 1825 b) 1875 c) 1828 d) 1893 Ans: b) 1875
12. Brahmo Samaj was founded in the year ___________.
a) 1825 b) 1875 c) 1828 d) 1893 Ans: c) 1828
13. The headquarters of the Theosophical Society is at ___________.
a) Madurai b) Adyar c) Mayiladuthurai d) Belur Ans: b) Adyar
14. The Theosophical society played an important role in the revival of ___________.
a) Jainism b) Buddhism c) Sikhism d) Christianity Ans: b) Buddhism
15. Vallar's devotional songs are compiled in a volume called ___________.
a) Devaram b) Thiruvasagam c) Ettuthogai d) Thiru Arutpa Ans: d) Thiru Arutpa
16. Ramalinga established a free feeding house at ___________.
a) Adyar b) Amritsar c) Vadalur d) Kanyakumari Ans: c) Vadalur
17. He is not only a socio-political activist but also a siddha medicine practitioner.
a) Iyothee Thassar b) Vallalar c) Guru Nanak d) Narayana Guru
Ans: a) Iyothee Thassar
18. A great social reformer from Kerala is ___________.
a) Narayana Guru b) Guru Nanak c) Guru Prasad d) Guru Sai Ans: a) Narayana Guru
1. The mother tongue of Rammohan Roy was ________. Bengali

2. A split occurred in the ranks of Brahmo Samaj in 1866
3. The pioneer of modern Bengali prose was Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar
4. _____ formed the Home Rule League demanding Home Rule to India Annie Besant
5. Ayyankali was born in 1863 at ________. Venganoor
6. The Book Satyartha prakash was written by Dayananda Saraswati
7. ________ was the founder of the Nirankari movement. Baba Dayal Das
8. Aligarh movement was started by ___________. Sayyid Ahmed Khan
9. Theosophical Society was founded by ________ and _____________. Blavatsky, Col.Olcott
10. The original name of Vivekananda was ____________. Narendra Nath Datta
11. Singh Sabha was established at ____________. Amritsar
12. Khalsa college for the Sikhs was established at ______________. Amritsar
13. Satyashodak Samaj was launched by _______. Jyotiba Phule

1. i) Governor-General William Bentinck abolished Sati in 1829.
ii) Upanishads preached monotheism
HISTORY 42
iii) The Brahmo Samaj encouraged idol worship

iv) In 1966 a split occured in the ranks of Brahmo Samaj.
c) i), ii) and iii) are correct d) i), iii) and iv) are correct Ans: b) i) and ii) are correct
2. i) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar wrote a number of polemical tracts and was the p
ioneer of
modern Bengali prose.
ii) The newspaper New India was published by Vivekananda.
iii) Vidyasagar was a reformer from Maharashtra.
iv) M.G. Ranade wrote Gulamgiri
a) i) is correct b) ii) is correct
c) i) and ii) are correct d) iii) and iv) are correct Ans: a) i) is correct
3. Assertion (A) : The Theosophical Society also played an important role in the revival of Sikhism.
Reason (R) : The movement became further popular with the election of Ramakrishna.
a) Assertion is correct but reason is not apt to the assertion
b) Assertion is correct and the reason is apt to the assertion
c) Both are wrong
d) Reason is correct but assertion is irrelevant Ans: c) Both are wrong

I II Answers
1. Vallalar a The Punjab d Tamil Nadu
2. Atma Ram Pandurang b Kerala e Maharashtra
3. Swami Dayananda Saraswati c Bengal a The Punjab
4. Narayana Guru d Tamil Nadu b Kerala
5. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar e Maharashtra c Bengal
V. Give short answer

1. Why did the opponents of child marriage leave the Brahmo Samaj of India?
 The opponents of child marriage left the Brahmo Samaj of India because Keshab had his
fourteen year old daughter married to an Indian Prince.
 It was in contravention of the Samaj's condemnation of child marriages.
2. What do you know about "Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar"?
Vidyasagar was an outstanding reformer in Bengal. He argued that the Hindu scriptures were progressive.

 He provided evidence from scriptures that there was no sanction for burning of widows or the prohibition
on the remarriage of widows.
 He wrote a number of polemical tracts and was the pioneer of modern Bengali prose.
 He fought for education of girls and betterment of child widows.
 The Widows Remarriage Reform Act of 1856 is the result of his hardwork.
3. What were the positive principles enunciated by Dayanand?
 Strict monotheism  Condemnation of idolatry
 Rejection of Brahman domination of ritual and social practices.
4. Write a short note on Deoband school.
The school curricula shut out English education and western culture.

The instruction imparted was in original Islamic religion. Its aim was moral and religious regeneration

of the Muslim community.
43 HISTORY
5. What did Swami Vivekananda emphasize?

Swami Vivekananda emphasized a cultural nationalism and made a call to Indian youth to regenerate Hindu

society.
His ideas bred a sense of self confidence among Indians who felt inferior in relations to the materialist

achievements of the west.
6. Write a short note on 'Theosophical Society'
 The Theosophical Society was founded by Madame H.P. Blavatsky and Colonel H.S. Olcott. Founded
in the USA in 1875, it later shifted to India at Adyar, Chennai in 1886.
 The Society stimulated a study of the Hindu classes especially the Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita.
 It also played an important role in the revival of Buddhism in India.
7. Write about the contribution of Annie Besant.
 The Theosophical movement became popular with the election of Annie Besant as the President after the
death of Olcott in 1907.
Her contribution:
 Annie Besant played a role in Indian nationalist politics. She formed the Home Rule League demanding
home rule to India on the lines of Ireland.
 She spread Theosophical ideas through her newspapers "New India" and Common weal.
8. What was the impact of Swami Vivekananda's activist ideology?

Vivekananda's activist ideology rekindled the desire for political change among many western-education

young Bengalis.
Many of the youths who were involved in the militant nationalist struggle during the Swadeshi movement

were inspired by Vivekananda.

1. Write an essay on "Anti-caste movements".
The social reformists who dedicated their lives for the anti-caste movements or for the uplift of
the oppressed and depressed classes were
 Jyotiba Phule  Narayana Guru  Ayyankali
Jyotiba Phule:
 Born in Maharashtra, Jyotiba Phule was the earliest leader of the non-Brahman movement. He opened
the first school for “untouchables” in Poona in 1852. He launched the Satyashodak Samaj in 1870 to stir
the non-Brahman masses to self-respect and ambition.
 Phule opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage. He and his wife Savitribai Phule devoted
their lives for the uplift of the depressed classes and women. Gulamgiri (Slavery) is an important text
briefing his radical ideas.
Narayana Guru:
 Born in Kerala, Narayana Guru was a poet and scholar.
 Disturbed by the terrible caste tyranny and the suffering of the lower caste people he dedicated his whole
life for the betterment of the oppressed.
 He set up the Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam to work for the uplift of the "depressed classes".
He established a grand temple at Aruvipuram and dedicated it to all.
Ayyankali:
 The discrimination Ayyankali faced as a child turned him into a leader of an anti-caste movement.
 He fought for basic rights including access to public spaces and entry to schools.
 He founded the Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangam in 1907.
HISTORY 44
2. Highlight the 'Sikh Reform Movement'.

Among the Sikhs of Punjab too there were attempts to reform.
Nirankaris:
 Baba Dayal Das was the founder of the Nirankari Movement. It stressed the worship of God as
Nirankar (Formless).
 Rejection of idols, rejection of rituals associated with idolatry, reverence for the authority of Guru Nanak and
of the Adi Granth formed the essence of his teachings.
 Baba Dayal Das reiterated the prohibition on meat-eating and liquor consumption.
Namdharis:
 Baba Ram Singh was the founder of the Namdhari movement. It was another socio-religious movement
among the Sikhs.
 The Namdharis insisted on wearing the symbols of Sikhism except the Kirpan (Sword). Instead he wanted
his followers to have lathi. It considered both men and women equal and accepted widow remarriage.
 It prohibited the dowry system and child marriage.
The Singh Sabha:
 The main objective of Singh Sabha was to restore the purity of Sikhism. With the support of British, it
established Khalsa College for the Sikhs in Amritsar. The Sabha was a forerunner of Akali Movement.
3. What do you know about the 'Parsi Reform Movement'?
 In the middle of the 19th century the reform activities of the educated Parsis began in Mumbai.
 Furdunji Naoroji founded the Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha (Parsis’ Reform Society) in 1851. Rast
Goftar (The Truth Teller) was the main voice of the movement.
 Behrramji Malabari organized a campaign for legislation against the practice of child marriage.
 The Parsi Community produced many leaders like Pherozeshah Mehta and Dinshaw Wacha who played a
big role in the early Congress.
4. Evaluate the contributions of Ramalinga Swamigal
 Ramalinga Swamigal or Ramalinga Adigal, popularly known as Vallalar, was born in Marudhur near
Chidambaram.
 Ramalinga emphasised the bonds of responsibility and compassion between living beings. "Those who lack
compassion for suffering beings are hard-hearted, their wisdom clouded" this was his view.
 He showed his mercy and compassion on all living beings including plants. This he called 'Jeevakarunya'.
 He established the Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam in 1865 and it was renamed “Samarasa
Suddha Sanmarga Satya Sanga”.
 He established a free feeding house for all at Vadalur, in the wake of a terrible famine in South India in 1866.
 His devotional songs are compiled in a volume called Thiruvarutpa.
5. Mention the contributions of Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar to the social reforms. PTA - 1
 Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar was one of the outstanding Social reformers..
 He provided evidences from scriptures that there was no sanction for burning of widows or for the prohibition
on the remarriage of widows.
 He played a leading role in promoting education of girls and helped them in setting up a
number of schools.
 He dedicated his whole life for the betterment of the child widows of the Hindu society.
 He was responsible for the enactment of Widows Remarriage reform Act of 1856.
****** ********** ******

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45 HISTORY

10th Social Science - EM - 1 - HISTORY

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10th Social Science - EM - 1 - HISTORY

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2020

The new syllabus for 10 Social Science is quite difficult. It is prepared in

With this thought in mind this EC Loyola Guide is specially designed

(Slow learners, average and toppers)

➢ Additional one mark questions are given to test your knowledge.

➢ Mind Map and Map Exercises are given.

PART I - TEXTBOOK EVALUATION

II. Fill in the blanks Answers

III. Choose the correct statement

IV. Match the Following

VI. Answer the following in detail

Aggressive Attitude of German Emperor:

4. Estimate the work done by the League of Nations.  PTA - 4

VII. Activity (Activity for the students)

PART II - ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

2. There were trusts in the USA and Cartels in _________.

3. The League of Nations was finally dissolved in ________.

4. By _________ practically the whole of Africa was colonised

5. _________ was England’s militant form the nationalism.

6. Emden bombarded ___________.

7. Lenin was in _________ when the revolution broke out.

8. Lenin was influenced by the ideas of

10. Italy formally joined the Allies in the war in

12. Japan captured Manchuria in

II. Fill in the Blanks Answers

1. The secretariat of the League of Nations was located at ___________. Geneva

III. Choose the correct statement

2. i) The Treaty of Brest Listovsk was signed in 1918

IV. Match the following

V. Answer the following briefly

7. Write about the Russo - Japanese war.

VI. Answer the following in detail

Scale: 1 unit = 10 years

PART I - TEXTBOOK EVALUATION

II. Fill in the Blanks Answers

III. Choose the correct statement

IV. Match the following

VI. Answer in detail

 During world War I, Hitler served the Bavarian army.

PART II - ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

II. Fill in the Blanks Answers

1. ___________ was called El Liberator. Simon Boliver

III. Choose the correct statement

IV. Match the following

V. Answer the following Briefly

10. Explain the Monroe Doctrine. GMQ

VI. Answer the following in detail

1922 ↔ Mussolini's march on Rome

1927 ↔ Formation of Vietnam Nationalist Party

1933 ↔ Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany

Scale: 1 unit = 10 years

PART I - TEXTBOOK EVALUATION

3. Where was the Japanese Navy defeated by the US Navy?

III. Choose the correct statement

IV. Match the following

V. Answer the questions briefly

3. Describe the Pearl Harbour incident.

VI. Answer in detail

VIII. Students activity (Activity for students)

PART II - ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

III. Choose the correct statement

IV. Match the following

V. Answer the following briefly

7. Explain the Land Lease Policy of the USA.

4. Estimate the work done by the League of Nations. PTA - 4

 During world War I, Hitler served the Bavarian army.

10. Explain the Monroe Doctrine. GMQ

2. Write a note on Berlin Wall. PTA - 1

2. i) Prarthana Samaj was founded by Dr. Atma Ram Pandurang PTA - 6

4. List the social evils eradicated by Brahmo Samaj. PTA - 6

**