Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Nouns can be countable or uncountable.

Countable nouns are those that can be counted. 
*A/AN, ANY, HOW MANY: used with countable nouns
*MANY / MUCH: used in negative sentences with countable nouns
Example: two chairs, four pears, five trees, a dog
An orange – four oranges
I want two oranges
How many students are there in class today?
There are fourteen students in class now
There are not many students in class today
There is not any student here today
How much money do you have? I don’t have much money
I have too much money

Uncountable nouns cannot be counted. 

Example: water, air, rice, sand, hair, bread, coffee, information, money, advice,
luggage, furniture
There is not much water
I don’t have much information in my computer
Would you want some coffee?
Yes, I want some coffee
He doesn’t study at any institute

*SOME: used with uncountable nouns, in positive sentences

*ANY: used with negative sentences 
*LOTS OF / LOT OF: are used both countable and uncountable nouns  
*NOT MUCH: uncountable
*FEW / A FEW / VERY LITTLE, LITTLE/ A BIT OF
Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Countable  Uncountable 
There is a boy at the door There is some milk at the refrigerator  
There are not any seats He doesn´t have any information
 I have some friends in Spain    You can give me few sugar
 QUESTIONS     QUESTIONS
 How many chairs are there?     How much orange juice is there?
 How much money?    Is there any sugar?