The Press in the French Revolution edited by HARVEY CHISICK ith ‘and OUZ1 ELYADA Papers prepared forthe conference Prese thie, pret popular tpropagande ‘pendant la Révoaton frame held atthe University of Haifa, 16-18 May 1988 under the auspices ofthe Insicut histoire ot de In eivlisaton fengises THE VOLTAIRE FOUNDATION 1991[RAYMOND BIRN ‘The pamphlet press and the Estates-General of 1789* Awons hirian ofthe Reolto, 5 July 1788s nota date that realy eps {ormind. Nor di the perpevsers ofthe jor pita eent of hat dy see {hey ner lohingansthing pariclryexrnordnary. Witham eye towards Taig proceare med sveding contests over them once the Esato {roel atered the flowing year the government sted provincia and onipal eil t eamne Roi precedent for ther and reper Ue Endings w appropriate suthoriten "Te voy Gece dace reveal ims with respect to the impending ceaventon, focading the adminis, ple and demopaphic changes that bad cured in France since the lat Estee General tet in 164 I tno ood that ring the Sterveing 174 yeas the amber of jai ‘Sromerption tht would serve sr senor davis a 178, the bilisge: Sd wenchenes, had ncresed, Sever provinces hd ried the Kingdom, Moreover the qulifesons of deputies and for of con back in 16g Ta been angthing bur wert Therefor in ender co ave sie in 1789, the avd cal forthe esublaien of cew-t elon guidlines The fnvrrment insted apon balanced epesntion at wel a ecopition of {beri and privege of provinss and owns What endered the document purclary was however, wat all fr widespread publi atcipaton [ndeawing up procedores, Arte 8 sed unouivecl Se Moje invite cx sie ope tu sons penne nit de en Kigee tpestcremen cc gu comporne Acad des Trion Seb Lies tte vile de Pi aden Me pe see oe ‘ponent men eb coma a set eat ei tet ce Suture ett shiceeaaais Geen cutter nique dave Seiing at we sunita pase str the mpeg Eater SRS Sa rss on tan oonReywond Bim ‘The recognition ofan appeal, pbc pinion was unpreedcated Yet he stage cerany was set for the expresn of eh enon, The aectne ‘eorpninton of the judicial stem in May 1588 mis tendy povking etd epomiionn punpes nenay ae seria Le se de Dimes mink could moe suppress te utero Popa. eta xen ofall consi Mare waa tiling of the EstareGeaeal wold invite slo We dene crmponsd by {edtonl corporate grovps, as had been the case wen nto semis ‘cin the ate Middle Ages. Sil he goverment request of Jul) Wes Hsoilly unique. tn his Prapmets et nove ties RES Ge ‘Tocgueile mocking elle the monarchy ls or poe hel tc 4 cht anf acrimonious momen wih a conte eraveconniona ‘iss ino the subj of say content Connors ook te me a ‘mor seroul however. One paphleteria 88 wrote hat he ores ‘eauest wae dishonest ploy etndel to turn a emerging pubes nthe ‘deeion of nan-esentalJels which history Tad convenient Trgten Everyone would astm the guise of xan, a anintligle chor vice ‘ould inundated county, edi th nang conn the Eur Genera Weald te ened ‘Ofcourse esd ot trout ite tht way From mid-summer 1788 ‘tl the convening ofthe Esate-Ganel the fllovag May. al wane of lia journals engulfed the kingdom, How many pamphlets, memciy 0d poison relied itis iposible sy precely Yer sn approxi ' pile Wile round fur hundred pamphlet bad appeared dug lo 178 and th peremestaty eis fring and sumer #96 ave i to all snore, rom May 1786 to January 1789 over fileea handed pase tes ave been idem. From January to May 1789 we say safely ald two howard mare, coe of vnaniests ented by mnigaland corporate bd crculted doughout France De Taequevie manained tt Sey? ‘Quetta wld Sooo cpies. Although the Sx Corp of ‘merchant of Pais ordered six thousand copie of Gulla’ Penn ds nen dois Pars, pes ac of moet paphltprbisy were coer. ‘tly smal, Sel assuring an average edison a thawed cops, would ‘rear that between May 1788 ad May 1789 a lst four man pce ef ‘uncesored poll nomena appeared in Pras ech tom running fs 2: gn nas Rn, re iar a 96g 5a art ea cy [ath ft pepe dw ‘ed ny pnp oe eS a © The pamper nd he Bato Gor 1789 ‘ni dozen to hee handed pages, sling more ceyply tun buon same ‘ses given aa, and unguctonbiy pasting though several ands Individually the pamphlets diverged dramataly frm the specications of ert uy. Unling simply to chronic she evens of ie rts of Estts-Gener in order to deermine worabe cso procedres for "7, many commented erty upon the ener convection and cused ‘har petnenoe for the present Others ced machi ores ppt for specie ola prowammes signicant number rejected ager he {overeat isistence pon store precedent as determina Nery ll {he pamphle itemted spends lems and state for desing wih tem in the impending Estate Gener. Thee ined Increasing te hed eae representation, reecng the vue by otdr var of the vote by bead sbandonoent of eral and noble pres consideration ofthe pubic debt {od Hs ers, determining the fare staan aeol the Estat Genera {nd plice ofthe King nd wesng a consaton. Thus the request of the bovernment fer inferatin bused upon tonal practice exploded io Sexpts for unprecedented change. Cauley, om Joy 1788 unl May 17, the paphlters rejected the von a abot marcy supported ‘Sy corporte scl econam, ad ell foundations. Init plas ms 90 ‘tasenmal erative, burather elections of competing ones Such pain ‘fucaon ona rational yale makes comprehension sherambunetins| ‘chair of hir-etat depts st Vernal in May and June 1989 (which th vere ore iterpeted a dial), but alte triste cure in France aver he next ve yeas he ut af 788 invenced pamphieswing, On 25 September the Parlement of Pari alenated pai opinion by ling that the impending Esae-Generl adap the pocedunl forms of 1614 Two ‘wel ner the government adie ea te seventecnth-centry Fs Wte Te etm bd pe horde Fo ng scenes alg rag Sk Wee Pl gene Peg Food nat ora oe by 9 oh patrse et Sic jey 0h MON a Pe ae a Fine Bet tee ayy nr ieee ht Si ae ier Pah Greene sen ind en tel seven nad ‘Siporenmsing oe ples ese eyeliner re "Mego: eee pnp ess eps bet eee mS qtecomenere "eee pone an oh baad and mening oh e's oni cee Es Va cn outdated and evoked the stood Asem of nobles rei the sation, However, the Arsmby soporte the priest pest andthe memorial ifthe rics ofthe ood warned Lous XVI af impeding plc! dase "Though bythe yn’ end he palmentsbaceirched sd the government smite oa dubling ofthe hd este, the pamphle cpap ws geting {ato hgh gear. Pll ce and groups istrating deputies elcid to the EsuterGener exposed views trough publabed commentary, and by ing 189th aes de dances dt he een "Watt examining the edene in deta de Toogucrie ed the origins ‘of revolusonary logy ito the pamphlets of 1788 and eal 1789. He aivat tat econ of the pamper emphasises wah de pst, tien gested cleo, andi dats ies of plc democracy. ‘Very fechas have teste he hypotese. Fer the max put those Wo fw anaed the pumps antecedent to May £78) ste them eer as ‘ting tcooternporanenar plea events the premetary cis of May 178 for example oreo sng tory to justify a pareulr continua of plea pace, For expe, Dale Van Kle Ad the pro-premeatsy ‘utp tat dvoeted the not by cxder nthe npendng Beate-Genera {o'be echoing Gallnn Jani conelarism, wile Kenney Margeson ‘er ulna anal interpretation of story av dorian the Dumghies unl May std June 178 ben the ted e's usurpation of Finns aaa sem dumavealy changed the strctre of eet tenn her widely reine book on Revoloary pail eure, Ly Fhe atrbed the iventin of "nthe presenta cosequeerexeton of natal pt ote dic of he Revlon sale, weve, na ter ile she concedes tht the een moment for reectont poll bon, {hee when il past “eonattons” tured to dustin the het of bate’, Inded wa ewe July 788 and January 1789. At his preliminary age in ty resrch [hope make leet the papers af 1788 an ey ‘invented mrhic pata! the sae nea tey perfected nove ntl ‘Mets in desing wath the preset. In ing m they laid the groundvork fer unprecedented pala experimentation. Although the mental weds of the pumpetere were ley ato wih che pla ree of cei hy exsteoe by ne means di the shes nbur in wockared tpi, ‘Peon experience, tneaton, abd oth a nd metaphors wes of story oided then 2 cog en en ry, pine ser ga ie SEW srt Bon al eh oe ‘plist on a lac on af Pen eo ey a a A PITS ft esha fc aoe pl ea eth & he pp pra and the Ee Graf 1989 Fr presen prpses Isl init malo four case stad, My is one twtrye what Ill "he Enlightenment visa’ In his pple adres 0 ‘hear yerunconvened Eater General, writen cryin 17, heabbe Rays ‘sumed the vole of maryrphilaaphe® Paying ete tothe sufering of ole, Didera, Hele, snd Inded ima, the seventy-three year-old ‘vio of dhe Heo penetion cmsiderel the present to have vided {he perce of hepa Can Praneeer fore, wrote Raya (4, Tot lel qb ma fi, pour avoir pens x pr pe trop i, logue le tay ine cles det Mininrer, net pas mires, lorsque le Parlement trai encore see? Raya riled with ancion a the (ranay of Prins, nobles and shops of Kings who ‘abriquent entre cox ae "Shee abies, one longve& pent cine don ks peapls we setent avelopesde tuts part (pay of pit where Carpe ee, preset ‘Statelent dover plas cel ener! de Etat td Nation (p30) He ‘poke forthe Enighteer i ening the people that levied usin ‘Pa dante apa gue Popinon, qoe force de ceux qu fouvernnt wes ‘amen quel fore de ceux gel se Isentgouerner p31. But the ‘Enenuenee were ileal: Haye ward bis rears that one the Servic muses vessed thet thle chit were made fr tem, once they sid, ‘Now etal pu dete io wage noe pla? ~ frm his women on, ‘ars mould ve cede certs punish 31-2. Tse Rayan se excpliing the Eaigteament vision Beaute hei 0 puconate about sos infest and o vague about cnet pil alin [Reece eaoon, in gee woul monte Revelation In his pamphlet Ite slene abot the debate an vote by order r hex, the pola are of the king and Exe Gencr nd he wetig of consiaon, What concer Fm arecguable taatnn, «humane legal cede, eet for apical bow, {nd igi tolerance Orerrhing sl eae ple fr the rool regeneration (FFrance, nth eliphened pres suming avecacy ofthe por support fer the persed and medion within ies. ‘My second example cmidee what eal the mythic sve! vison. The ant ots ly requested nstconeconeraing cleton procedures fr tbe ‘Stning Estates Gen that were based upon itor prcelent. I wa ‘Shamed thei the archives of oboe ballags sd hos ay ples of ‘valuable, dasceovered documento. Jean Jose Mounier, fat ofthe tos erica peogresive pola group in France in 788 the third ete ee ev hte Na ent TTT Rt oe eteReymind Bin Dupin, ok te dee ti wort ad then een the soe i tmeming Tn ihe Nae surat sgt ke rs i sng to prove at furaen and ftecnvemay Estes Geer wes Hoeven, basal reps uo a ae wee ‘Senet by nd th, once he caves ches remo oa ers ws presented ot ing Fo acing Mn te Eset, Stal at Tou fe the mst wre od The Oe ede nll { ele depute the ecco sly, emer nd pre ite were pt mina dog ee, Tosco et Dread, Connie he tater Gee fg not ny cee oe Sisto de tafe the king br ao duce he mya en nd tte army, Ropen re iy tw Lau Xa ie ‘operat amon the proves snd sls ws pepe, Wy ‘hen ad not the Ents of Tous exalted the prose of repsly Coovaed ais meeting a snl bd von by bed nding {Ee poet fhe pure ver the ig? Acorn to eyelet abana the deveopmen: Asan set re Esme Genel ey Decca wo eet early th provi eats fol bie, "cing wads among be ode nd orging the pla apo fre (pst) Toe cles of 5899 tog dnt mete {ppelaon of Ene-Gencl For Monit ty wee acre ‘stb of cg, mle, hd ae AY Tug een tae Wee Spon Maio itn, Moan ile te pt wo em of Pech gat ivehiury a having profacd eershanging sn ron ecto: Nee hd etd he apices of roel minster nd niga the gm Te ‘nr eed of raping, the wy purchase! power dere ne ‘iy eppreson andr ory cnt ve. Pegs fe sod Mowrot, {Ean ttecomoutnin he tangs egientcnry pied sess, ‘et ofl Mone: ‘Cis Ears hat Psp der aes, *eujus eh eile ce gut ron a Is ome lee fax depts pour agen er pra cane eit nn at Peas ire purse nat denser (pai) “There being with Engen ker Mounier retred 9 tangent the socal absent of teed ater Gene oder to eps elves ar 1789. He ao borowed henly ‘ome Bish expe, png how ty, ene ced, France ‘oops an rp oa A moro he moa po, ae of song Hg weet, forego ea eat dat peteed propery aitadvcud swe ngt ei rion a The poh pes andthe Bute Geral of 189 “Mounie: push interpretion of hitry in the stevie os pote agends Yet there were ore Mara: practioner than hinge of thi endency Tam thinking of hoe mythmaking Historian who bypased cater Fates (General shogeter and roted the origins othe politcal rates they denied ivarmore dant past on the haps de Mar or Ma of hoon) ware Ea (Ae a tr et ean de a ations pit teria VAee e rota en ger ds Btasgidrane (are 1788) i» tpi example, The {onyras pemphlt was completed on 1 Dera, one the public mood fad ume onthe Parlement of Pai Tor having ised en allowing the forms of the unrepreesatire Esiates-Genenl of 1614 Litde more wae ‘expected om he second Aarmbly of soles which weld adjourn sory ‘ter havng debe ries fr once a month, The author of 4 wom ‘ejced out of band the inspiration of fortran Beath-cntry Ese Genera not o mention ta of v6: Ex pourqun, leas nus elmons Ie ores algus et consteaionnai, Ae que ous avons Je bonheur de ‘rower ane consttatin pure Si peri, hls te dear aml pour, ‘in, ior-enusdecendre sou les dbctbres fu vigne fol, gtr J ‘ech exclastenet wos modes (p14). According tthe author of 4 ve medina Exter- Genera were degenerie om ofthe fe semble ‘hic had existed uring Carling times Inend, Carlene ad erived the angus asemble'of te champ de a, dormant afer two cetaries ‘oF esurpadon by Merovingian mayors af the pice, chat they might oe nore represent voloné genta’. Note cle the activi om Charlemagne’ ‘champs de Hai: twelve hundred “Capes, tows Epa, tous lbement hs, ‘xprmoint era ged qu, sou anton duce! de Emre Fane, ‘instant a La (p13). eto ile imagination for Se ender anne thee es cen, gatered ina Panic elo fi pring dy, lowing tw centuries of miniteral degen, with what fed the Pench in De- ‘zmber 1788 Surely Louis XVI ought wo have fee fered by te implied “ly. "The paripheeer went Fare. Aesoding him, the Caaingen ‘enpte was nel ide administratively intoa hundred counties of pps tantly equa se, which in arn were subdivided io uniform dsc exch ‘oninig ssemnbles ofl fe property-ownes witout disinetion of rank orbit Laliber? and a prop were sae ies af etry napa ie Fremen in ech dst lected deletes oeoony assembles. Each county ‘Stembly seat evlve representatives to the chan de Mat, Ther alfa, ‘lca and adminaraivedecsone mer made, No provincia, corporate, Gr cle intren played a prin delveraon “Toutes les dtnations ci, 6sRaymon Bre ilisites ou eligieuss, venient confine dans eran nom decoy! a. ‘Wits the dant echoes of Bousnvie and Mostesque, the themes 6A wnat were retocaly eesti ar the mile eee in {hold egne, However, the pmpbles Carin, Rouse, ad Mablan Suson clely tro with old-time myaiehiery. Rank deed fom (nes cil uty, ot inked or porcase peg, Allee wees {Tear par lens deol tse dns (etn 1789 renal wat ‘ose and the French could reverse nothing ls ha the past lnm [teradton mare by felis, corporate privege, regina prcla~ ‘Sm, royal depo, and ministerial ururpabins. Lene fled 3 te tp, publics had an olan to cary the debate to the coun, whee, o the American rede town and vilgemetngs were tobe eld. The weight of public opinion then would persuade depues to regenerate the mation (1) ‘The myshare mode fr eal plea ange was Well and comforting. Havingbeen ployed splot fortratonal aes throu ‘ot the elec cetury, i language Bore fama. I connected the preset to pried moment in the ps Ye a decidedly histor here Ste taking ret smaltinenuly. Tis egumery which I ell the reject ‘ode, was to prove overweling The jection pumpheters ismaee theo xine Although stoi precedent wa the most obvi thet presupponion they sbundene, the ejections remained, in ange mee, ‘aly bond. Tey ented the contrition wii dh ona vcey, nd they borrowed fey fom the experiences of hes, pricey the English and Americans, n adapting what he could to Face. Mos impor Au, within the famewerko ther own socal altar and paca spans, ‘he pamphlets propose set proararmes, which whe wie derget, ‘were unquestionably eoltonary. "My recone ramp x Js Pasl Rabat Ssit-Flene. Tree eo co spams one wren in the autuma of 1788 (Coniston fr St es a, adv a onl de proves, pram poe oe) nd the other te winter 789 (Quetion de ret ube: ton rei es ‘dam es Bat gadau, produ ar ede deren), A Protestant {arto and lamer whore fater hed been ery underground prescher inthe (Chore ofthe Deer, Rabat binself staged for vl gh for his alow [Frotch Calvinists. Ye e was quistesensal oie, he eeognised that "Fane's story was not his own, Therefore it tok fie prychologial efor: {bn wo ret 20 much of fe He fund tat those who cable x Batre 1a Fsmenal wre inva these vidas who derived privilege, ‘teary Tom i: Homer, fr Rabat the onl bass for ean « he pnp yea the Bes Goer of 18 lnysrinsutons was public ily. Fer har rason he urged a investigation af the sale nsrmedary bier of France the palment semble, nd ‘itunas boing pees of adc, legtive, and exectie shor, [Av one ime ings ad sen Bt delegate powers to them. Homer ouch ‘eins ineralyutved thee orga purpose and had degenrted ino India! dspeions (Cosdération, pag). Particular nee deerined ‘he convocton of ach ExaterGenert fom t300 to rg. None fled pardularesns or present ccanstaneesRatmi conloed (Cantons, at}: ‘On ne sous i amas ce qe lr Gat sntras doen mio ‘bone ‘What then war te third estate? Rabast replied candy: “Cesta nan, ‘mong ie nblewe le erg Remove the abit a clergy, and he maton ‘mans. Remove the so-ale hird ese, and the nation appear (p29) "The int etate nod upon the entre Soon that ts mans were Cee pratique joe drs so ou 5 inporane dans a fiaton du looms demandes Ge renseignements trae lind, Seoosion pe appl vighance ela mobibton one consonia can se peaple, enchnement i consti I ame frre de suede Mart et ui atache se se “Ra pour ne prendre run sul exemple sa mat Gein 179 o4ve- ‘con data pale ne demande de easegnement sur dex eens de ‘Mara gularonvotedes-Lerer de Benin rnin), pila noncaon un oct en Pecsiene le vinnie de Miaben (00 99) ws SIRT Satine pabgucment sone un Seer personage Ege le Bice (tar demands ux core eer le provoquer devant son Tone iigo arene). Les owns, ps eérlemen vent apt {eas eseurs cy unt du geove denon ela et ts ale dan Ie "Soci gran souvent en cde impr tu risent es colpr- SES SREERion ton! utle quintsresinte de out ce qa paste dats Ie ‘Symtze de Cour, "Vou connazes tour tou es ores, vie pve ‘oimensn qu'on tgnores jag ce our e vas wus ede wn compre ‘Sie let operations canertiner Os géérex Pranab! vous pore insert Vote! Testo, es lise les tees des princpaae {yan de outs pour done] nec earned eur ‘ROSE am sa wis verinble de toute leurs sventures aver ese ‘Grae et hbiae desdite arises’ ‘Capes, prez une rele atenine Pont pangs et huerte demuncaon* Dene indie dv sets du gene ‘end le prese setique conretvoluoamaie Sempre us vite do SES gous ch donner sus forme patie, ame ronse mordete Fouiae Definer sents dolet ain parm es pamphik pai see canimemen du ces dun gece & la mode dont tout le monde SSG jak en ie emroamt on dGourmane A st figon, La Grande ot hole ‘Sip agin sins le eomplor ds ies du Pans Roya gui, par eur alee er tp en a eer tine ye Pe cel tre, petro, es phe wim: Le Cafe pein, Se Riis betes tbe yas ede a SS empestre Metin e leur conaisnce da peso, corompevent I sang de tous es ‘pas partes, auves consist de compote ntaeiques tcp de “ellos rial’, dMiovsions morgue” ou de ‘uo sseaer La Afsoncton ert ii returnce par le rile commerce dela pried pastiche pique, orisant dans la pres ds dbus de Rveuion, =n fmpredeiteren. ‘nese aso expique sans doute esuceis du genre dnoncnf dans ba preset psage de Pdi donee 4 Tarcipe, Felargvement de Findividel tan erietre, dae civerent isn coe 8 Pitacae pris dans son sens le plus gist. La dénoncation eo popie Ace sa Brusue de univers gootiden& imagine pobigu, 3 cae eboraton Droprssive,#parur dees indiiducs, d'un poraitpe de Tarot ‘Auarement ai, dénoncition de preste propre ravers won eee Mish, des procs de cereale, ds tytn al (pet gu sont au caur mime du proces de motion palitigue Cate ‘io di monde conduit ene le plus souvent dun manihssme abl, Ls indivdus denne, devenus personage, ys, soot rqroupes aout <2 canes rbenil emigre dane “Seon mafveare' le Pate ‘énonce Aristocrat’. Le pape cet suns meace aur de ce coupe de ase avec, 'emblé, un fer simpibeur, ave mse, Ss ne efit exe. ‘Une remit arnt de ce jeu du cypage st ist dex mana cioyns (On posse sins, sous fre de ochre, plasiurs Ite indiquant leno, Js fonaion(picatement nor Tancin ree) adres, pri, sgalé «tun mote cx psycholgio- phate de personnes consis comme nites ie pollgue La Lie dearer dete eco compa {ect ovarian juin 1799, es un bon exemple de es pamphlets Apis un sour averissanent gl preset, comme ised ne ame tne hearese tour teaver une rencontre, det ps deco ‘ors aristocrats groupes en deo liaisons dent pages chacine. Ce rctde et ouvet reprise presse, crane ora pein dns es dion pre, Tel alti LE drat (Ee 38) quien Six umd, propa, ex 179, plisiears port groupes dont on pest Acer ci da ates Disko (20.6 lle de spied pouce evan, Sg de 2 an, cheveu et sur chitin onc jue ree snout & corto, les cheveux cours ten abe, ls yeux Ingres atrallement eure et le chef tojoure covert d'un cape fond Ce gut fappe Enmiditement dane ees dénonctions et leur pon oiou et de sombre exemple pourien are donné, prtcleeent 3 partir del pnp 0-34 ob escent ps bel galerie pose de oucharcs a dition oie dale re pape aes ‘vend’ de la municipal) ou da Dewitt 1-9 "a desspon prs de append nln denne ct Jone tls comme element sel da econaaane ede anton ‘Sur ee méme mole ciculeroot ds iste aed, de palementse, de obles (pari feu ive rng) eclastgue, cage de ‘mii de Pari de maui nda ox ltons ‘Aces pees ines, encore ws impiqées da une deseiton Ble nas ben el, venent jouer des es deforma plewque ye rcompose po peu univers de napa poltigue, Coe datoed 1 pase par inere ql ddorme Is carstre es indies donee Pluss ses sone ain spciiquenen der ibls de Pine, consi im rope bie di en tent dance chaque personne lester pls voles, es plus verses et par, es pas npnieures Cremer, ‘vers kes may se desine le parr urge du tae du Sel ‘sense henibledchrant ls depuis des cesenbrke Saorgc” "despots oda peryers et gota ian’ Cave grande mliaion de la demain etl ie & candle La sons vlan recieil tTectape de es nombzeus Hills ‘candle qui, su mes de le de nobles etd urea dyin sit is afin de Tancien regime, asi dese on tbe severe dos urs iets des rans du monde, Les pape réoatonnies purulent In ration sous deux forme: une pate fla des is piesa Je {Louis XV MareAncone, stant i le cts doe elites de or = donne, de Maury Chases Arto, de Le Chapter & Minton, Tocoion sux dénoniteurs de tout bord de deer lor port scandal de a ourelle cise politique. Date part fs Estes elletives~ eels, ering, nobies denis, cmt de bordel ets u imines cont? ‘en lesa desler Pmage de dpi, Lina abode ence ct lescndale nati, eget sin, gros tats, nai del denote: 'e perioanage vis par I presi ee pamper plas element un spe corps dont on sgl es earctiguer spare, lt un monst que Yr lor? ese ae rc npr tn Piel ee, Paw eave Pe mies 3 wa, pode prem Lie sce rs i fee eS fae iste ten mea a ah et nt meee