Introduction to Computing Mathematics – Foundation Year

Week 2
Number Work

22nd February 2021

Types of Numbers
 Natural Numbers (N)
 positive integers, counting numbers {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}
 Whole Numbers (W)
 natural numbers, plus zero {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}.
 Integers (Z)
 whole numbers plus all the negatives {… , ⁻2, ⁻1, 0, 1,
2, …}
 Rational numbers (Q)
 fractions where the top and bottom numbers are
integers; e.g., 1/2, 3/4, 7/2, ⁻4/3, 4/1
 Real numbers (R)
 measuring numbers or measurement numbers.
Numbers that can be written as a decimal. e.g., 0.5,
0.75 2.35, ⁻0.073, 0.3333, or 2.142857
Discrete and Continuous numbers
Discrete Continuous
 Countable  Measured
numbers.
 (R) cannot be
 (N, W, Z and Q)
are referred to as counted
discrete  Continuous
 Separate and
distinct entities
Fractions in Computing
 The most common way to represent numbers other
than integers on computers is by using floating point.
Fractions in Computing
 We only need the radix point when we have more bits to
the right of it, which represent fractions.
 11010.112 is 16 + 8 + 2 + 1/2 + 1/4 = 26.75
= 1x24 + 1x23 + 0x22 + 1x21 + 0x20 + 1x2-1 + 1x2-2 +
2x2-3
= 16 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 + 0.5 + 0.25
= 26.75
Teasers
Teasers

Convert to Decimal Fractions

100.001
Convert to Binary
010.010
6.25
1110.001
9.625

13.125
 Fractions
 Equivalent Fractions
 Simplification of Fractions to lowest terms
 Improper Fractions & Mixed Numbers
 Addition and Subtraction of Fractions
 Multiplication and Division of Fractions
 Converting Decimals to Fractions and vice
versa
Memory Allocation
Total Memory = 64KB

Used and Allocated

Simplification of
1. 16/64 4/16 1/4
Fractions to lowest
2. 32/64 8/16 1/2 terms
3. 48/64 12/16 3/4
Equivalent Fractions
Equivalent Fractions
Equal fractions are when both numerator and
denominator are kept the same when multiplied or
divided by the same number.

1 2 3
= =
2 4 6
10
25 5
= 18
40 8

20 2 1 3
= =
60 6 3 8

2 6 12
= =
3 9 18
Simplification of fractions
Divide both numerator and denominator with the same
number until the fraction is in its lowest form.

3 2 1
= =
6 4 2 27
42
35 7 1
= =
140 28 4 39
104
96 48 24 12
= = =
280 140 70 35
 Improper Fractions & Mixed Numbers
An improper fraction has its numerator bigger than its
denominator.
IMPROPER FRACTIONS can be written as MIXED
NUMBERS
F
I N
R 35 3
M
A
= 8 M U
P 4 4 I M
C
R X B
O
T 42 2 1 E E
I = 10 = 10
P 4 4 2 D R
O
E S
N
R 152
S
12
120
11
Addition and Subtraction of fractions
Fractions can only be added or subtracted when their
denominators are the same. Numerators are then
added or subtracted.
1. Make denominators the same
2. Add or subtract numerators

Addition Subtraction
35 1 42 − 2
+
4 2 3 4
= 168 − 6
35 2
= + 12 12
4 4
= 162 = 6 𝟏𝟏
37 𝟏𝟏 13 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
= = 𝟗𝟗 12 12 𝟐𝟐
4 𝟒𝟒
Addition and Subtraction of fractions

Addition Subtraction
6 1 7
1 − 1
+ 12
15 3 3

8 3 6 2
+ −
9 4 7 5
Multiplication and Division of fractions
To multiply fractions, multiply two numerators and two
denominators together. Simplify the final fraction as
much as possible.
To divide fractions, multiply first fraction by the inverse
of the second fraction. Simplify the final fraction as
much as possible.
Multiply Division
35 1 42 ÷ 2
𝑋𝑋
4 2 3 4 Inverse
42 4
35 𝟑𝟑 = 𝑋𝑋
= = 𝟖𝟖 3 2
8 𝟒𝟒
= 168 = 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
6
Multiplication and Division of fractions
Multiply Division
3 2 22 ÷ 2
𝑋𝑋
5 3 5 15

8 3 45 ÷ 10
𝑋𝑋
15 5 7 21

14 3 24 ÷ 16
𝑋𝑋
15 10 27 21
 Example
Speed, Storage and Price
Average price of CPU Register is £750.
If the price of Cache memory is 4/5 of
CPU price, RAM is 2/3 and Hard Disk is
½, what are the prices of these storage
memories?

Price is inversely proportional to

storage capacity.
Given that the storage capacity of
the Hard Disk is 4TB, what are the
capacities of each of the storage
media?

Price Storage

CPU Registers 750

Cache
RAM
Hard Disk