What is reasoning?

- Drawing conclusions from known or

assumed facts.
- used to justify what we claim to be
true.
 Prepared by:
Jessa Mae
P. Ada
MODULE 3:
INDUCTIVE AND
DEDUCTIVE REASONING
Draw a conclusion!

1. Last night, stars weren’t visible

2. This morning, clouds were dark.
Inductive Reasoning
(Specific to general)
-refers to using specific examples to
draw a general conclusion.
- uses patterns to arrive at a conclusion.
Example:

3 9 15 21 27

+6 +6 +6 +6
Noticeable Pattern:
6 is added to the preceeding term

Conjecture:

The next number will be 33

Conjecture

-a conclusion based on inductive

reasoning.
I passed the exam. The next day, I
also passed the exam. Therefore,
I will pass in all of our exams.
Guess who?
Deductive Reasoning (General to
Specific)
-a type of logic which one goes from a
general statement (premise) to an
specific instance.
-theories and widely accepted truths are
used to prove that the conclusion is true.
Syllogism

- Is a form of deductive reasoning where

you arrive at a specific conclusion by
examining two other premises or idea.
Similar to If a=b and
Transitive b=c, then
property of a=c
equality:
 b c
All even numbers are divisible
by 2. 100 is an even number.
a b
Therefore, 22 is divisible by 2.
a c
 All engineering students are
good-looking. Lawrence is an
Engineering student.
Therefore, Lawrence is
good-looking.
Note:
Deductive: Inductive:
True premise True premise
True premise True premise
True premise True premise
True conclusion Probable Conclusion