Verbs: conditionals | and II 34 If he applies, he ‘ll get the job. We normally use conditional I f+ present + future) when the outcome is likely, and conditional I f+ past + would) when the outcome is unlikely. Look at this advertisement for a job. Conditional I Conditional IL (ikely) TRAVEL COURIER unlikely) Reqd by Local Tourist Company BILL ‘ualitication: Degree in Mod Langs, ra ‘Age: 18-25 Applicants must enjoy meeting people and be wilng to travel widely Salary: £9,000pa plus bonuses ‘Age 22 Degree in French and Spanish ‘enjoys travel ‘enjoys travel ‘sociable ‘sociable present salary £9,200 present salary 26,000 If Bill applies, he'll probably get the job. IF Bill applies for it, he'll ask for more money. If Bill doesn’t get more money, he won't ‘accept the job. Unless Bill gets more money, he won't ‘accept the job, NOTE Unless is similar to If not. If Mike applied, he probably wouldn't get the ob If Mike were younger, he would apply for the ob Mike isnt desperate forthe job, so he wort apply frit Mike wouldn't apply for te job unless he were (was) desperate Other people saw the advertisement and were interested in the job. Complete the sentences using conditional I or II Sally: ‘Td love the job, but I'm married, so I won't apply” 1 Irsally 2 Tim 3 Ithe (get) the job, he (not be) married, she ‘Thave a house in London. I don't want to leave it, so I'm not very keen.” (not have) a house in London, he (apply) for the job. (have to) leave his house. (be) quite interested in the job. Liz: ‘Tt looks great I wonder how long the holidays are? I must ask.” 4 Ifthe holidays (be) long enough, Liz (apply) for the job. Sam: ‘Iwill only take a job with a good pension scheme! 5 ‘Sam (not be) interested unless there (be) a pension scheme. Maggie: ‘My degree’s in Chinese. I don't think they'll be interested in me.” 6 If Maggie's degree (not be) in Chinese, she (end) in an application. Mark: “The salary isn't as much as I get now so I'm not prepared to leave my present job.’ 7 He 8 Irthe salary (not leave) his present job unless they (be) better, the job (offer) him more money. (appeal) to many more people.I 3 5 Verbs: conditional Ill [ om | | would have called if you had told me. When we use if to talk about the past (the impossible conditional), we must use had in the if lause, and would, should, could or might + have in the main clause, Examples: The bomb might have exploded if you had trodden on it. We could have saved a lot of time if we had gone by train, ‘The flood would not have happened if they had strengthened the defences, We can start the sentence with If In this ease, we should separate the if clause from the main clause by a comma, Example: If the concert had started on time, we might have missed the beginning. It'd braked, we would have crashed! Exereise A Join each clause in A to a suitable clause in B. A B 1 fit hadn't snowed this week, 4a) most of the cattle would have died, 2 He might have been arrested ») if had realised that they would raise taxes. 3 If the drought had continued, ©) we couldn't have gone skiing. 4 IfJohn had won the competition, 4) the company might not have collapsed. 5 Iwouldn’t have voted for this party ) he would have been the local champion. 6 Ifhe had invested more wisely, if the police had been more alert. Exercise B Complete the following sentences with the verb given in a table form, as in the example. Example: She (not marry) him if she had known about his past, ‘She wouldn't have married him if she had known about his past. 1 The team could have won the cup if they (practise) a bit harder. 2 Ihe had gone to university, he (apply) for this position, 3 The mosque might have been destroyed if the fire brigade (not arrive) in time. 4 If Shakespeare had been born in France, (he write) Romeo and Juliet in French? 5 Ifyou (buy) some cheese, I could have made that recipe for dinner.3 6 Verbs: conditional (It’s time/I’d rather) It’s time you got up! Look at the difference between these two sentences. Tes time you got up. Ba Jai (It's much later than you normally get up.) Its time you got up is like the second conditional. If you got up now, it would be a good idea. (past) (conditional) Look at the difference between these two sentences. would rather go to the disco than the opera. Twould rather you didn't smoke. (You prefer to do something else.) |_ (You prefer somebody else to do something) Td rather you didn’t smoke is like the second conditional If you didn’t smoke I would prefer it. (past) (conditional) NOTE I'd rather =I would rather. Rewrite the sentences below starting with the phrase given and making any other necessary changes. 1 It's late ~ shall we go home? Its time 2 don’t want him to come now ~ tomorrow would be better. Td rather 3 T've got tooth-ache and I haven't been to the dentist for ages. Ies time 4 Instead of having it repaired, why don’t you give me a new one? Ta rather: '5 Your hair's getting too long, isn’t it? It’s time 6 [don't want you to pay me tomorrow ~I need the money now. Ta rather. 7 It’s no good complaining that you never win. You don’t know the rules! Its time '8 You'll never succeed if you don't do any work. Ive timeJ 37 Verbs: conditional revision | would if | could. Review of Conditional Tenses @ — GENERAL TRUTH fit rains in England, no-one is surprised. I LIKELY SITUATION fit rains in England tomorrow, some people will use an umbrella. I UNLIKELY SITUATION __Ifit rained more often in Africa, there would be more food. Il PAST IMPOSSIBLE fit had rained more in Africa last year, there would have been ‘more food. IIIT PAST/PRESENT Ifit Aad rained more in Aftica last year, there would be more IMPOSSIBLE. food for the people today. Put the verbs in the appropriate forms to complete the dialogue. Twas sure the shop would have been open yesterday. But jewellers aren't allowed to open on a Sunday. Mike: Well, I think the law should be changed. All shops should be allowed to open on Sundays if they . (want) to so that we can do our shopping. Joan: But you always play golf on a Sunday! You (2) (not go) shopping even if they (8)__ (be) open. ‘Mike: Ah, but if the jewellers (4) __(be) open yesterday I(5)____ (buy) you your birthday present. I didn't have time on Saturday. Joan: Huh! Ifyou (6)____(get) up a bit earlier, you (7)__ (not miss) the bus, and then you(8)__(have) more time. Mike: But you know I need a lie-in on Saturdays! IfT(9)___ (not get) enough sleep, I (10)__ (become) very bad-tempered. Joan: Well anyway, if all the shops (11) (open) on Sundays, the assistants (12) (have to) work much longer hours, and they (13) ____(not like) that very much, Mike: Yes, but what about the unemployed? There are lots of people who (14) (work) on Sundays if they (15)__ (be offered) the chance. Joan: But I don't think the stores (16)__ (create) new jobs unless they (17)__ (have to). ‘Anyway, Sunday is supposed to be a day of rest, Mike: But Sundays ean be so boring, and you know if people (18) (be) bored they a9) (turn) to crime. There (20) (Ge) a lot less crime if more people (21) ___ have) jobs. Joan: So you reckon that opening more shops on Sundays (22)__ (reduce) the erime rate? Mike: Definitely Joan: And if (23) (Go) to the supermarket next Sunday, you (24) (come) with Mike: Not unless it (25)__ (rain), Tve got a golf match arranged against my boss, and if | 26) (not play), 1(27)___ (be) unemployed!