Ohm's Law Problems Name: Date: ‘There are certain formulas in Physics that are so powerful and so pervasive that they reach the state of popular knowledge. The predominant equation which pervades the study of electric circuits is the equation AV=IeR In words, the electric potential difference between two points’on a circuit (AV) is equivalent to the product of the current between those two points (I) and the total resistance of all electrical devices present between those two points (R). Often referred to as the Ohm's law equation, this equation is a powerful predictor of the relationship between potential difference, current and resistance. ‘The Ohm's law equation can be rearranged and expressed as av r ‘As an equation, this serves as an algebraic recipe for calculating the current if the electric potential difference and the resistance are known. This equation indicates the two variables that would affect the amount of current in a circuit. The current in a circuit is directly proportional to the electric potential difference impressed across its ends and inversely proportional to the total resistance offered by the external circuit. The greater the battery voltage (ie, electric potential difference), the greater the current. And the greater the resistance, the less the current, In this section, you will find some problems based on diagrams and others without diagrams. In all cases, SHOW YOUR WORK! 1, How much current is ina circuit that includes a 9-volt battery and a bulb with a resistance of 3 ohms? Ve4V T-¥ I=4-BaA\ R 3 2. A circuit contains a 1.5 volt battery and a bulb with a resistance of 3 ohms. Calculate the current. Vel5V Te ¥ =: Ls: Jo.s A\ R32 I-? 3. A series circuit contains two 1.5 volt osieries and a bulb with a resistance of 3 ohms. Calculate the current. fyi _ veris-3v 0 THR = [I lA | RB 4, What is the voltage of a circuit with 15 amps of current and toaster with 8 ohms of resistance? 2ISA VeLR Vz 15-8 4fI20V J R= 3 SD ve?5. A light bulb has a resistance of 4 ohms and a current of 2 A. What is the voltage across the bulb? Re4 2 Vo? VeT-Re 42 =B V\ T-zA : 6. How much voltage would be necessary to generate 10 amps of current in a circuit that has 5 ohms of VeT-R= 10-5 =[50 Vv ) resistance? 5 7 I=10A Re 62 7. How many ohms of resistance must be present in a circuit that has 120 volts and a current of 10 ‘amps? : - 120 yz 120V ReM = 120. ]12 22 rT 10 I-10 8. An alarm clock draws 0.5 A of current when connected to a 120 volt circuit. Calculate its resistance, J:5A4 Rs? Bo¥= BO -[2402\ V=|Z0V 9. A portable CD player uses two 1.5 V batteries. If the current in the CD player is 2 A, what is its resistance? V22-15=3V R=? Re¥.3: [152 , Eee T=2A 10. You have a large flashlight that takes 4 D-cell batteries. If the current in the flashlight is 2 amps, what is the resistance of the light bulb? (Hint: A D-cell battery has 1.5 volts.) Ve41596V eV. 6- [2 7, 2 T=2A L R:? Use the diagrams below to answer the questions 11-13: ® A av 11, What is the total voltage in each circuit? . Circuit A: & Circuit B: 12. How much current would be measured in each circuit if the light bulb has a resistance of 6 ohms? Circuit B: Ve 2. z / Re 13, Is the bulb brighter in circuit A or circuit B? Why? t. Crest B because it has higher voltage and current.