Reported Speech: Reporting/Telling/Saying to someone

what someone else has told/shown/did to you.

1. Abdullah said, “There is no school on Monday”
{Direct}  Quoted Speech
2. Abdullah said that there will be no school on
Monday. {Indirect}
{“”} Quotation Marks
My friend told me that he had to go to the hospital.
My friend told me, “I have to go to the hospital”
Infinitives and Gerunds:
- Infinitives and gerunds are two forms in which verbs
can be written and function as a noun.
- Infinitives and gerunds don’t like one another, they
are not used together.
Infinitives
To + verb (Masdar)
I like apple.
I like to work.
Gerunds
Verb + ing
I like apple.
I like working.

I go swimming and running every Sunday. [Gerunds]

I go to swim and run every Sunday. [Infinitives]