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27 Biomolecules: Solutions
27 Biomolecules: Solutions
Biomolecules
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
CH2OH
H OH H O H
H
Hemiacetal linkage
OH H O OH H
OH OH This makes a molecule
reducing
H OH H OH
(1) Gluconic acid (2) Saccharic acid (3) Sulphuric acid (4) Glyconic acid
CHO COOH
H OH H OH
HO H HNO3 HO H
H OH H OH
H OH H OH
CH2OH COOH
(Saccharic acid)
(1) Amino acid (2) Nucleotides (3) Styrene (4) Simple sugars
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154 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
Cellulose cannot be digested by human body. Which contains -glycosidic linkage but our body has an enzyme
to cut only -glycosidic linkage.
COO– COOH
CH2 or CH2
+
NH3 NH2
8. Rice is deficient in
(1) Lysine (2) Leucine (3) Glycine (4) Alanine
Sol. Answer (1)
Rice does not have lysine.
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 155
Sol. Answer (1)
Vitamin-C is water soluble.
16. Which of the following disaccharide in acidic medium is called invert sugar?
(1) Lactose (2) Maltose (3) Sucrose (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Sucrose is called invert sugar in acidic medium .
Starch
Amylose Amylopectin
(water insoluble)
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156 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
(1) Peptide bonds (2) Hydrogen bonds (3) Dipeptide bonds (4) van der Waals’ forces
Sol. Answer (2)
Hydrogen bonding stabilises the helical structure of protein.
(1) Fibrous protein (2) Globular protein (3) Lipid (4) Carbohydrate
Sol. Answer (2)
Albumin is type of globular protein.
CHO CHO
O O
H OH H OAC
HO H ACO H
H OH + 5 CH3 O CH3 H OAC
H OH H OAC
CH2OH CH2OAC
"penta derivative"
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 157
(1) Uracil & Adenine : Cytosine & Guanine (2) Thymine & Adenine : Guanine & Cytosine
(3) Adenine & Thymine : Guanine & Uracil (4) Adenine & Guanine : Thymine & Cytosine
In DNA,
A=T
C G {Complementary bases}
(1) If pH > isoelectric point amino acid will move towards cathode
(2) At this point amino acid is present in the form of Zwitter ion
(3) If pH < isoelectric point, amino acid will move towards anode
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158 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
30. The relation between nucleotide triplets and the amino acids is called as
(1) Gene (2) Nucleoside (3) Genetic code (4) Gene pool
Sol. Answer (3)
The relation between nucleotide triplets and the amino acid is called genetic code.
32. The best solvent for removing butter stain from cloth is
(1) CHCl3 (2) C2H5OH (3) C2H5OC2H5 (4) H2O
Sol. Answer (3)
CH2OH
H O H HOCH2 O H
H
OH H
OH O H HO CH2OH
H OH
Glycosidic OH H
linkage
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 159
Sol. Answer (2)
- Amino ethanoic acid
O O
–
CH2 – C – OH CH2 – C – O
38. The number of amino acids required to form three peptide bonds are
(1) Seven (2) Two (3) Six (4) Four
Sol. Answer (4)
For tripeptide formation, four aminoacids are required.
O
Peptide linkase ( – C – NH –)
AA AA AA AA
(1) (2) (3) (4)
40. The two cyclic hemiacetal forms of glucose differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group at C-1 are
called
(1) Anomers (2) Enantiomers (3) Epimers (4) Metamers
Sol. Answer (1)
CH2OH CH2OH
H OH H O OH
H H
OH H OH H
OH OH OH H
H OH H OH
-D glucose -D glucose
Anomers
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160 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 161
Sol. Answer (4)
Enzymes basically catalyse biological reaction.
49. In the double helix structure of DNA, the base pairs are
(1) Part of the backbone structure (2) Inside the helix
(3) Outside the helix (4) Bonded with covalent bond
Sol. Answer (2)
In double helix of DNA, the base pairing occurs inside the helix.
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. The reagent which may be used to distinguish between cane sugar and glucose solution is
(1) Molisch’s reagent (2) Iodine solution (3) Baeyer’s reagent (4) Fehling’s solution
Sol. Answer (4)
CHO COO–
H OH H OH
HO H 2+ – HO H + Cu2O
H OH + 2Cu + 5OH H OH [RED]
H OH H OH + 3H2O
CH2OH CH2OH
Glucose
2+
Sucrose + 2Cu + 5OH No Reaction
–
Diastase
3. 2(C 6H10 O 5 )n H2O n H2 O
2n
Starch
(1) Maltose, D-Glucose (2) Lactose, D-Glucose (3) Sucrose, D-Glucose (4) Maltose, fructose
Sol. Answer (1)
Diastase
2(C6H10O5)n + H2O n (Maltose) H2O 2n (D - glucose)
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162 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
4. Glucose when oxidised with conc. HNO3 then the product formed is
+
5. H3N (CH2)4 – CH COOH
NH3
+
pKa of the sites , and are 10.79, 2.18 and 8.95. Isoelectric point will be
10.79 + 8.95
I.P. = = 9.87
2
6. The reagent which forms crystalline osazone derivative when reacted with glucose is
(1) Fehling solution (2) Phenylhydrazine (3) Benedicts solution (4) Hydroxylamine
7. Vitamin A is called
(1) Ascorbic acid (2) Retinol (3) Calciferol (4) Tocopherol
Sol. Answer (2)
Vitamin A is also called retinol.
8. Lactic acid on oxidation by alkaline KMnO4 gives
(1) Tartaric acid (2) Cinnamic acid (3) Propionic acid (4) Pyruvic acid
Sol. Answer (4)
KMNO4, OH–
Lactic acid Pyruvic acid
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 163
9. Select the correct statement
(1) For exergonic reactions G > 0
(2) ATP undergoes a three step hydrolysis
(3) Conversion of ATP to ADP is highly endergonic reaction
(4) Dark reactions do not proceed even on being coupled with hydrolysis of ATP
Sol. Answer (2)
ATP undergoes three-step hydrolysis.
10. Glucose on oxidation with Tollen’s reagent and conc. HNO3 produces respectively
(1) Gluconic acid and saccharic acid (2) Glucaric acid and saccharic acid
(3) Saccharic acid and glucaric acid (4) Gluconic acid and no reaction
Sol. Answer (1)
HNO3
Glucose Saccharic acid
+ –
Ag , OH
Gluconic
acid
11. A polypeptide on complete hydrolysis gives three amino acids. How many sequences are possible for that
polypeptide?
(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) 9
Sol. Answer (3)
Six sequences are possible.
Conc. HCl
A
14. Glucose
Conc. H 2SO 4
B
A and B are
(1) Pyruvic acid and black mass (2) Leavulic acid and ethanol
(3) Pyruvic acid and ethanol (4) Leavulic acid and black mass
Sol. Answer (4)
Conc. HCl
Leavulic acid
Glucose
Conc.
Black mass of 'C'
H2So4
due to charring
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164 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
Pass in
15. NaOH CaO
A mino acid
gas evolved
Lime water
Salt
0.1999 kg
[1 mole]
17. Which of the following ketone reduces Tollen's reagent in basic medium?
CH2OH
O CHO
C=O
C – CH3 (CHOH)4
(1) CH3COCH3 (2) (3) (CHOH)3 (4)
CH2OH
CH2OH
Sol. Answer (3)
CH2OH
O
+ Ag+ + OH– Ag
(CH4OH)4 (Silvery
deposit)
CH2OH
18. In the given structure of the carbohydrate, which of the following are used while naming it?
H O OH
OH H
CH2OH H
H OH
(1) Tetrose (2) Hexose (3) Aldose (4) Furanose
Sol. Answer (4)
H O OH
Furano
HOH2C OH H H
H OH
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 165
19. An optically active compound having molecular formula C6H12O6 is found in two isomeric forms. When isomers
dissolved in water, they show the following equilibria
A
B
equilibrium mixture
111º 52.2º 19.2
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. Which of the following statements is not correct? [NEET-2017]
(1) Insulin maintains sugar level in the blood of a human body
(2) Ovalbumin is a simple food reserve in egg-white
(3) Blood proteins thrombin and fibrinogen are involved in blood clotting
(4) Denaturation makes the proteins more active
Sol. Answer (4)
Due to denaturation of proteins, globules unfold and helix get uncoiled and protein loses its biological activity.
2. The central dogma of molecular genetics states that the genetic information flows from
[NEET-(Phase-2)-2016]
(1) Amino acids Proteins DNA (2) DNA Carbohydrates Proteins
(3) DNA RNA Proteins (4) DNA RNA Carbohydrates
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.
3. In a protein molecule, various amino acids are linked together by [NEET-2016]
(1) Dative bond (2) -glycosidic bond (3) -glycosidic bond (4) Peptide bond
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
4. Which one given below is a non-reducing sugar? [NEET-2016]
(1) Sucrose (2) Maltose (3) Lactose (4) Glucose
Sol. Answer (1)
Sucrose is non-reducing sugar because reducing parts of glucose and fructose are involved in glycosidic
linkage.
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166 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
7. D(+) glucose reacts with hydroxyl amine and yield an oxime. The structure of the oxime would be
[AIPMT-2014]
CH2 OH H – C – OH
CH2OH
9. Which one of the following sets of monosaccharides forms sucrose ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) –D–Glucopyranose and –D–fructofuranose (2) –D–Glucopyranose and –D–fructopyranose
(3) –D–Galactopyranose and –D–Glucopyranose (4) –D–Glucopyranose and –D– fructofuranose
Sol. Answer (4)
- D glucose + -D fructose Sucrose
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 167
10. Which one of the following statements is not true regarding (+) Lactose? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) (+) Lactose, C12H22O11 contains 8-OH groups
(2) On hydrolysis (+) Lactose gives equal amount of D(+) glucose and D(+) galactose
(3) (+) Lactose is a -glycoside formed by the union of a molecule of D(+) glucose and a molecule of D(+)
galactose
(4) (+) Lactose is a reducing sugar and does not exhibit mutarotation
Sol. Answer (4)
Fourth option is wrong as (+) Lactose exhibits mutarotation.
11. Which of the statements about "Denaturation" given below are correct?
(a) Denaturation of proteins causes loss of secondary and tertiary structures of the protein.
(b) Denaturation leads to the conversion of double strand of DNA into single strand.
(c) Denaturation affects primary structure which gets distorted. [AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
(1) (a) & (b) (2) (a), (b) & (c) (3) (b) & (c) (4) (a) & (c)
Sol. Answer (1)
Denaturation of protein results in
(a) Loss of secondary and tertiary structure of the protein.
(b) Conversion of double stranded DNA Single strand DNA
12. Which of the following is not a fat soluble vitamin ? [AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
(1) Vitamin E (2) Vitamin A (3) Vitamin B complex (4) Vitamin D
Sol. Answer (3)
Vitamin B complex Fat insoluble
13. Which one of the following does not exhibit the phenomemon of mutarotation ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) (+) Sucrose (2) (+) Lactose (3) (+) Maltose (4) (–) Fructose
Sol. Answer (1)
(+) sucrose does not show mutarotation.
O C – OH H OH
HO H HO H HO H
H OH H OH H OH
H OH H OH H OH
CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH
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168 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
CHO COO–
H OH H OH
2+
HO H + 2cu + 5OH– HO H + Cu2O + 3H2O
H OH H OH (Red)
H OH H OH
CH2OH CH2OH
The sequence is enolisation followed by oxidation.
15. The segment of DNA which acts as the instrumental manual for the synthesis of the protein is
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) Ribose (2) Gene (3) Nucleoside (4) Nucleotide
Sol. Answer (2)
20. RNA and DNA are chiral molecules, their chirality is due to [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) D - sugar component (2) L - sugar component
(3) Chiral bases (4) Chiral phosphate ester units
Sol. Answer (1)
RNA & DNA are chiral molecules because of the presence of D-sugar component.
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 169
21. During the process of digestion, the proteins present in food materials are hydrolysed to amino acids. The two
enzymes involved in the process
Enzyme (A )
Proteins Enzyme (B)
Polypeptides Amino acids,
are respectively [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Amylase and maltase (2) Diastase and lipase
(3) Pepsin and trypsin (4) Invertase and zymase
Sol. Answer (3)
Pepsin& Trypsin
Pr oteins ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
→ Amino acids
25. Which functional group participates in disulphide bond formation in proteins ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Thiolactone (2) Thiol (3) Thioether (4) Thioester
Sol. Answer (2)
Thiol because S-S bond is formed.
26. Which is not the correct statement about RNA and DNA?
(1) DNA is active in virus while RNA never appears in virus
(2) DNA exists as dimer while RNA is usually single stranded
(3) DNA contains deoxyribose as its sugar and RNA contains ribose
(4) RNA contains uracil in place of thymine (found in DNA) as a base
Sol. Answer (1)
DNA is active in virus while RNA does not appear in virus is wrong statement.
27. What is the nature of glucose-glucose linkage in starch that makes its so susceptible to acid hydrolysis?
(1) Starch is hemiacetal (2) Starch is acetal
(3) Starch is polymer (4) Starch contains only few molecules of glucose
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170 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
28. -(D) glucose (D) glucose, equilibrium constant for this is 1.8. The percentage of -(D) glucose at
equilibrium is
(1) 35.7 (2) 55.6 (3) 44.4 (4) 64.3
Sol. Answer (1)
- D glucose
- D glucose
β form
K=
α form
β
1.8 =
α
β
1.8 + 1 = +1
α
α+β
2.8 =
α
α 1
=
α + β 2.8
α 100
× 100 = = 35.7
α+β 2.8
∵ % of –D glucose = 35.7%
(1) Does not change (2) Increases (3) Decreases (4) Either (1) or (3)
With enzyme
Rate
Reaction progress
31. The oxidation of glucose is one of the most important reactions in a living cell. What is the number of ATP
molecules generated in cells from one molecule of glucose?
(1) 28 (2) 38 (3) 12 (4) 18
Sol. Answer (2)
From one molecule of glucose 28 ATP molecules are generated in the cell.
33. The -D glucose and -D glucose differ from each other due to difference in carbon atom with respect to its
(1) Number of OH groups (2) Size of hemiacetal ring
(3) Conformation (4) Configuration
Sol. Answer (4)
-D glucose & -D glucose has different configuration at chiral centre.
34. Haemoglobin is
(1) A vitamin (2) A carbohydrate (3) An enzyme (4) A globular protein
Sol. Answer (4)
Haemoglobin is a globular protein.
36. The number of molecules of ATP produced in the lipid metabolism of a molecule of palmitic acid is
(1) 56 (2) 36 (3) 130 (4) 86
Sol. Answer (1)
lipid
Palmitic acid ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
metabolism
→ 56 ATP
37. Glucose molecule reacts with X number of molecules of phenyl-hydrazine to yield osazone. The value of X is
(1) Two (2) One (3) Four (4) Three
Sol. Answer (4)
Glucose + 3 phenyl hydrazine Osazone
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172 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
Anomers
41. Mg is present in
(1) Chlorophyll (2) Haemoglobin (3) Vitamin-D (4) Vitamin-B
Sol. Answer (1)
Mg is present in chlorohyll .
A = T⎫
⎬ Base pairing in DNA
C ≡ G⎭
O
:
(1) C – N bond length in proteins is longer than usual bond length of N – C bond
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 173
Sol. Answer (1)
–
O O
.. +
– C – NH – – C = NH
Amide group (peptide) is having shorter C–N bond in comparison with normal C–N bond.
48. Glycolysis is
(1) Oxidation of glucose to glutamate (2) Conversion of pyruvate to citrate
(3) Oxidation of glucose to pyruvate (4) Conversion of glucose to haem
Sol. Answer (3)
Glycolysis involves glucose pyruvate
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174 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
(1) N C N C NH C NH (2) N C C C C N C C C
O H O
H H H O O
H H
(3) N C C N C C N C C (4) N C C C N C C N C C C
H O
O O
Sol. Answer (3)
H H H O
–N–C–C=N–C–C–N–C–C–
O O
This is peptide chain.
52. A sequence of how many nucleotides in messenger RNA makes a codon for an amino acid?
54. The enzyme which hydrolyses triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol is called
Lipase
Triglycerides ⎯⎯⎯⎯ → fatty acid + glycerol
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Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 175
58. During the process of digestion, the proteins present in food materials are hydrolysed to amino acids. The
enzymes involved in the process Proteins Amino acids, are respectively
(1) Invertase and zymase (2) Amylase and maltase
(3) Diastase and lipase (4) Pepsin and trypsin
Sol. Answer (4)
SECTION - D
CHO CHO
H – C – OH HO – C – H Difference in
configuration at
HO – C – H HO – C – H Carbon No. 2
H – C – OH H – C – OH (Diastereomers)
H – C – OH H – C – OH
CH2OH CH2OH
D(Glucose) D(Mannose)
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176 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
H Achiral carbon
H C NH2
COOH
Glycine
3. A : Specific rotation of freshly prepared aqueous solution of -D(+) glucose and -D(+) glucose are same.
R : -D(+) glucose 'and -D(+) glucose are epimers.
Sol. Answer (3)
(A) is true.
(R) is false -D glucose and (D) glucose are anomers because they differ in configuration at Carbon No. 1
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