Swa Eng Dict Text

S W AHILI-E N GLISH DICTIONARY
Charles W. Rechenbach
Assisted by
Angelica Wanjinu Gesuga Leslie R. Leinone
Harold M. Onyango Josiah Florence G. Kuipers
Bureau of Special Research

in Modern Languages
The Catholic University of Americ a Prei

Washington. B. C. 20017
1967
INTRODUCTION
The compilers of this Swahili-English dictionary, the first new lexical work for English speakers
in many years, hope that they are offering to students and translators a more reliable and certainly a
more up-to-date working tool than any previously available. They trust that it will prove to be of
value to libraries, researchers, scholars, and governmental and commercial agencies alike, whose in-
terests and concerns will benefit from a better understanding and closer communication with peoples
of Africa.
The Swahili language (Kisuiahili) is a Bantu language spoken by perhaps as many as forty mil-
lion people throughout a large part of East and Central Africa. It is, however, a native or 'first' lan-
guage only in a nnitp restricted area consisting of the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba and the oppo-
site coast, roughly from Dar es Salaam to Mombasa,
Outside this relatively small territory, elsewhere in Kenya, in Tanzania (formerly Tanganyika),
Copyright © 1968 and to a lesser degree in Uganda, in the Republic of the Congo, and in other fringe regions hard to
delimit, Swahili is a lingua franca of long standing, a 'second' (or 'third' or 'fourth') language enjoy-
THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA PRESS, ing a reasonably well accepted status as a supra-tribal or supra-regional medium of communication.
INC.
Its chief competitor in this function is English, and English is of course a formidable competi-
tor indeed in Kenya and Tanzania and particularly in Uganda. The competitors are both English and
All Rights Reserved
Luganda in Uganda, both French and Lingala in the Congo. In the long view, the future of Swahili
is difficult to predict; but, for the present, its position appears to be more stable than that of any
other African language.
The older literature of the language, written in Arabic characters, goes back to the seventeenth
century and includes a wide range of subject matter and forms, from poetry to chronicles and history.
Library of Congress Catalog Number 67-3143 8'
There is an abundance of modern material, including perhaps a thousand titles in short stories, poet-
ry, scholarly works, and text books for elementary and secondary schools. Swahili can no longer be
considered in the category of the 'rarer' languages. There are several Swahili newspapers as well
as various commercial media in circulation, and there is an abundance of excellent teaching aids,
such as E.V. Parrott's Teach Yourself Swahili (The English Universities Press Ltd., London). The
East African Literature Bureau of Nairobi has published a great many Swahili titles, and Longmans,
Green and Company Ltd., London, should also be mentioned as having made much educational mate-
rial available in the language.
In view of these resources, the compilers of this dictionary have not felt it necessary or advis-
able to expand the volume with phonetic or grammatical aids. This volume is primarily and specific-
ally a word source for readers and translators. Like all subsequent compilations, it builds gratefully
upon the Standard Swahili-English and English-Swahili Dictionary in two volumes, prepared under
the direction of Frederick Johnson and published by the Oxford University Press in 1939. The pres-
ent dictionary has critically reappraised the entire word-stock of the language, modernizing and aug-
menting from many sources. It brings the vocabulary up to date, including the fantastic developments
since World War II.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The compilers are moved by piety and by a sense of real and deep indebtedness when they ac-
knowledge the long line of earlier toilers in this particular vineyard: Krapf, Steere, Madan, Johnson
(and his many associates), Sacleux, Olderogge, and Hoftmann.*
They wish also to acknowledge the very substantial assistance of Miss Barbara Dudley and Mr.
Harold A. Goldklang, who furnished lists of new entries and of new senses for old entries drawn from
their long experience in reading contemporary Swahili texts of many kinds.
They must finally express their very great obligation to Messrs. Harry Goff and Eugene R, Gar-
nett, who prepared the final lexl uf the dictionary, and tc the Right Reverend James A. Maener and
other officials of the Catholic University of America Press, who have given it a handsome and practi-
cal outward form.
*See Marcel van Spaandonck, Practical and Systematical Swahili Bibliography, Linguistics 1850-
1963. Leiden (E.J. Brill), 1965.
A NOTE ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE DICTIONARY
SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS
1. Derivative verb forms (applicative, causative, etc.) are listed under the base form of the * foreign loanword (from Arabic aux., auxil. auxiliary
verb. When the base form is not in current use, the derivative forms appear as separate entries. unless otherwise specified)
av. aviation
In cases where derivative forms are much commoner than, or differ drastically in sense from, the
(— ) plural the same as singular
base verb, they also appear as separate entries. (i.e., without prefix) Bibl. Biblical
2. Derivative nouns (formed with the prefixes Id-, m-, u-, etc.) appear in the normal alphabeti- < derived from... biol. biological term
cal order of the prefix, with a cross-reference to the base word.
= (more or less) synonymous with... bot. botanical term
3. At the end of the entry for each base word there is an alphabetical list of derivative words
ahhr. abbreviation, abbreviated as... caus. causative
(if any) appearing as main entries in this dictionary: Cf. ...
abs. absolute chem. chemistry

4. Words of Arabic origin are likewise cross-referenced to derivative or related words.
adj. adjective Christ. Christian (as opposed to
5. Common synonyms of rare entries are given in parentheses: (
= ...)
Muslim) usage
adv. adverb(ial)
6. Each noun is followed by its plural prefix in parentheses or by the indications sing, or pi. cl. class
if the entry is commonly used only in the singular or in the plural. The indication (—) after an entry affirm, affirmative
coll. colloquial
means that the entry is a noun having in the plural the same form as in the singular.
Afr. Afrikaans
collec. collective
agr., agric. agriculture
comm. communist terminology
amplic. amplicative (
= augmentative)
conj. conjunction
anat. anatomical
conn, connective
anth. anthropology
consec. consecutive
app. approximately
cont. contactive
appl. applicative
contr. contrast(ed)
approx. approximately
Ar. Arabic cul. culinary
arch, archaic dem., demon, demonstrative
arith. arithmetic derog. derogatory
ass. associative det. determinative
astr., astron. astronomy dial, dialectal
augm., augment, augmentative dimin. diminutive
auto, automotive term dur. durative

econ. economics interr., interrog. interrogative num. numeral pron. pronoun
intr. intransitive oh\. object prov. proverb

elec. electricity
obs. obsolete psych, psychology

emph. emphatic inv. inversive
onom. onomatopoeic punct. punctuation

encl. enclitic Isl. (term usually restricted to)
Islamic (contexts)
opp. (as) opposed (in meaning to...) railw. railway term
Engl. English
Jap. Japanese optics
opt. rec. recent
esp. especially
jur. jurisprudence
orig. originally red. reduplicated, reduplication
eth., ethn. ethnology
hat. Latin ornithology
ornith. ref. reference
euph. euphemism leg. legal term pari, parliamentary term re/7, reflexive
expr. expression ling, linguistics

part, particle rel. religious
fern, feminine lit. literal(ly)

pass, passive relat. relative
liter, literary
fig. figurative(ly) pej., pejor. pejorative Russ. Russian
loc. locative
fin. finance pers. person, personal sing, (occurring commonly only
in the) singular
Lug. Luganda
foil, following Pers. Persian
si, slang
Mai. Malay
Fr. French pharm. pharmaceutical term
Span. Spanish
masc. masculine
phon. phonetics
gen. general(ly)
stat. stative
math, mathematics
phot, photography
geogr. geographical term
suff. suffix(ed)
mech. mechanics
phy. physiology
geom. geometry tech. technology
med. medical term
phys. physics
Germ. German tr., trans, transitive
meteor, meteorology (occurring commonly only
pi., plur.
gramm. grammatical term in the) plural Turk. Turkish
mil. military
hist, historical pol. political term typ. typography

min. mining, mineralogy
ideophone polyg. (term relating to the practice
id. us. usually
mod. modern of) polygamy
imp., imper. imperative v. verb
Port. Portuguese
mus. music
Ind. Indian (Hindi, Gujerati, etc.) vulg. vulgar
poss. possessive
myth, mythology
indef. indefinite w. with
pr. proper (noun)
n. noun
inf. infinitive prep, preposition(al) zool. zoology
naut. nautical
int. intensive prob. probable, probably Zu. Zulu
interjection neg. negative

inter j.
a, aa, ah inter), expressing surprise, joy, 2 a biria* (ma-) passenger, meli ya -.
P ain ' passenger ship, motakaa ya — . bus.
gari la — passenger
. train, motokaa
aali* adj. good, excellent, first-class. ya __ tax j b USci Cf. abiri.
aasi* see lasi.

abu * _) Uten father> (= l
Da ba.)
(
abadan* 1. adv. never, hawatakuja kwetu abudi* (— ) see budi.

— They
. will never come to us.
2. interj. Make way! abudu* pray, worship; serve; fear.

— Mungu. worship/serve /fear God.
abadi, abidi adv., rare always, constantly. appl. abudia. caus. abudisha. Cf.
(= daima, sikuzote, kila mara, milele.) ibada, uabudiwaji, maabadi, maabudu,
kazi yake ni kuiba — He. is always mwabudu.
stealing.
Abunuwasi*, Banawasi liter, proper name

abd* (— ) liter, servant, slave. See abudu. ; n tales of Arabic origin; one who tells
such tales. Cf. kibanawasi.

abe* see labeka.
acha, dial, ata leave (behind), desert,

labedari* LPort. ?] (-) pulley, block abandon; divorce (wife, husband).
(used on dhows). Fulani amemwacha mkevve. X is divorced
from his wife, wameuacha mji wao. They
âbedari* see habedari. have left their town. 2. stop, cease, dis-
continue; fail to do, neglect. 3. release,
abidi* see abadi. acquit, pardon. 4. allow, permit, ass.
achana. leave each other, separate, be
abiri* 1. travel by sea; pass over, cross separated; be different, diverge (views,
(river, lake, sea). 2. go, travel (by ship, opinions), appl. achia. leave something
railway, automobile, airplane), appl. to someone, let someone have something;

abiria. intr. abirika. caus. abirisha. bequeath, achia mtu mali. bequeath prop-
pass, abiriwa. Cf. âbiria. erty to someone, double appl. achilia.
I. pardon, forgive. 2. :aclii!ia niba'i.
âbiria* awl. of abiri. cease, break off; leave alone, abandon.

) .
:hali adhini adhi ifikana
double appl.-intr. achilika. be excusable/ adhama*, adhima (— ) 1. greatness, grandeur, adhiri*, aziri find fault with, reprove, adimika*, hadimika be rare /unobtainable.
pardonable, caus. achisha. cause to dignity. 2. fame. 3. power, authority, criticize; degrade, humiliate; slander, Cf. adimu.
leave/abandon/divorce; wean (a child)* 4. pomp, splendor. Cf. adhimisho, defame. Usiniadhiri mbele za watu.
ass. achana. leave each other; diverge, adhimu, taadhima, taadhimika, Don't criticize me in front of the people. adimu* adj. 1. rare, scarce, unobtainable,
be different. uadhimishaji. 2. insufficient, inadequate; deficient,
adhuhuri*, adhuuri (— ) midday, noon (be- faulty, unsatisfactory. Cf. adimika.
achali* (— ) see achari. adhana* 1. (— ) Isl. call to prayer of the tween 12 and 2 o' clock), wakati wa —
muezzin, piga — . call to prayer. noontime, sala ya — . Isl. time of the adinasi*, wadinasi (— ) 1. arch, free man.
achana ass. of acha. 2. see adhini. second prayers. 2. a man of good birth. Cf. ^wadi.
acnari'% acnaii, ajari Ltna. j \— ; appetizer, aaniDisna sec auiiiuu. adhmiri* (—) set adhuhuri. admpli*. admirali I Knel. I
( — ) admiral.
relish, chutney.
adhibu*, adhibisha 1. punish, chastise; adi* arch, go part of the way with some- adua* arch. 1. make offerings/sacrifices.
achisha caus. of acha. pass judgment/sentence. 2. cause pain/ one (e.g., a guest), escort. 2. prepare magic charms (against the
torment; harass, molest, annoy. (= ^sindikiza.) evil eye) .
ada* 1. {— ) fee, (customary) payment, gift watakapochelewa kurudi kwenye masomo

(that is expected to be forthcoming). — tutawaadhibu. If they return late to the adia*, hidaya (— ) arch, gift, present. Cf. adui* (ma-) enemy, opponent. — mbaya.
ya mganga. doctor's fee. maada ya lessons we shall punish them. Cf. hedaya. rel. devil. Cf. uadui.
harusi. wedding-present, kiasi cha — tu. adhabu.

as is fitting/appropriate. — ya shule. adibisha* caus. of adibu. aenzi* (— ) see enzi
school fees. 2. (ma-) contribution, pay- adhima* (— ) see adhama.
ment. — ya kuingilia. admission fee. adibu* (also taadabu) 1. (also caus. afa* (ma-) (more commonly maafa) 1. mis-
adhimisha* see adhimu. adibisha) bring up, educate, teach good fortune, catastrophe, disaster, calamity,
adabu* (— )
politeness, courtesy, consid- manners. 2. adj. polite, courteous, mishap, accident, bad luck, damage,
eration; good manners. Huna — You have

. adhimisho* (ma-) {more commonly gracious, well-bred. 3. interj. taadabu! injury. 2. danger, peril; threat, menace;
no manners, Cf. adibu. maadhimisho) celebration, solemnity, or — nafsi yako! Behave yourself! horror, terror. 3. injustice.
ceremony. — la misa takatifu. rel. Cf. adabu.
Adamu* (wa-) 1. pr. n. masc. 2. see celebration of the mass. Cf. adhama. afadhali*, afdhali, afudhali adv. rather,
mwanadamu, binadamu. adili* 1. be just (righteous, impartial); better, particularly, ni — kusafiri kuliko
adhimu* 1. adj. & adv., liter, great, conduct oneself well. 2. (ma-, — kukaa. It is better to travel than to stay.
adawa* (— ) see uadui. important, significant. 2. (also caus. morality, ethics; good conduct; justice, Cf. fadhili.
adhimisha) praise, honor, glorify, impartiality. 3. (also adilifu) adj. right,
Aden, Edeni sing, (the city of) Aden. celebrate. — (adhimisha) sikukuu. correct; just, righteous, impartial; afdhali* see afadhali.
celebrate a holiday, appl. adhimia. straightforward, honest. Cf. adilisha,
adesi* (— ) bot. lentils. Cf. adhama. uadilifu. afendi*, efendi \_Turk. J (— ) mil. effendi
(title of rank).
adhabu* 1. punishment, penalty. 2. pain, adhini*, adhana Isl, call to prayer. adilifu* see adili 3.
torment, tia (pa, patisha) — . punish, Mwadhini anaadhini. The muezzin calls afia* (— ) see âfya.
chastise. 3. pursuit, persecution. to prayer. Cf. adhana, mwadhini. adilisha* cause to be righteous/moral,
teach morality /good conduct. Cf. adili. afikana* ass. of afiki.
Cf. adhibu.
agano ibu
afiki agano
understanding. Agano Jipya. New ahali*, ahli (— ) 1. relations, family,

afiki* agree, correspond; be the same as; afua* 2afu.
Testament. Agano la Kale. Old Testa- (distant) relative, ndugu na — . brothers
fit, be fitting; satisfy, appease; {usually
ment. 2. promise, vow. Cf. aga. and (other) relatives. 2. rare wife.
ass. afikiana, afikana) come to an agree- afudhali* see afadhali.
ment, make a settlement, be reconciled.

2agano (ma-) rare departure, farewell. ahera*, akhera (— ) hereafter, life to come,
ass.-caus. afikanisha. satisfy, appease, lafya*, afia (-) health; strength, vigor.
Cf. !aga. fig. enda — . die. Cf. aheri.
reconcile, conciliate. Cf. maafikiano, bora — The main thing is health.
.
mwafaka. hana — nzuri or — yake si nzuri. He

aghalabu*, aghlabu adv. usually, ordi- aheri*, akheri (— ) end; limit, border, toka
is not in good health.
narily, mostly; mainly, chiefly, as a awali hata — . from beginning to end. —
afikiano* (ma-) see maafikiano.
rule, maji huchotwa kwa ndoo, — na yako nini? or — yako kiasi gani? What is
2afya caus. of apa.
ng'ombe. Water is drawn with buckets, v.tj- r ~."k br.ttnm ~.r:cs? C f, ahera.
afisa* lEngl.i (ma-) see ofisa.
opium. (= kasumba.) but the work is usually done by oxen.

afyuni*, afiuni (-)
ahi* (— ) see yahe.
afisi*, ofisi LEngl.i {-) office, department,
aghlabu* see aghalabu.
bureau. laga take one's leave, say good-bye,
ahidi*, w ahidi promise, vow, agree. Cf.
leave. — dunia. euph. to die. oppL
ahadi.
ass. agiza (caus. of *aga, q.v.) order, direct,
afiuni* (-) see afyuni. agia. take leave of, dismiss,
commission, give instructions.
agana. take leave of each other (for
ahiri*, akhiri 1. be put off/postponed.
Afrika* LEngl.i sing, -ya kaskazini. a long period), agana buriani. bid
2. delay, hesitate, procrastinate.
North Africa. — ya kusini. South Africa. 2
each other a final farewell. Cf. agano, agizo (ma-) (more commonly maagizo)
caus. ahirisha. put off, postpone.
- order, commission, instruction; regula-
ya kati (or katikati). Central Africa. kiago, 4 m wago.
mtihani umeahirishwa mpaka kesho.
- ya magharibi. West Africa. - ya tion, directive. Cf. 2 aga.
The examination is postponed until
mashariki. East Africa, nchi ya -. 2 a ga (usually ass. agana) agree, come to
tomorrow, pass, ahiriwa. Cf. taahari,
Cf. kiafrika, Agosti* LEngl.J (month of) August.
African continent. an agreement, reach a settlement, make taahira.
Mwafrika. a contract, caus. agiza. charge, order,
agua 1. foretell, predict, prophesy; inter-
commission; instruct, fanya kama
ahli* (— ) see ahali.
pret (a dream or omen). 2. med. treat
afrikanaizesheni* lEngl.i sing. Africani- nilivyokuagiza. Do as I have instructed
(usually with charms or potions ). Cf.
zation. you. caus.-appl. agizia. order/commis-
ahsante* see asante.
aguzi, mwaguzi, uaguzi.
sion for... Cf. Ugano, agizo, kiaga,
afriti* (-) 1. (evil) spirit, devil. 2. wicked/
^mwago, uagizaji. aibika* 1. be disgraced/dishonored.
malicious person. aguzi (ma-) (usually maaguzi) 1. medicine,
2. be ashamed/abashed, ameaibika. He
remedy. 2. interpretation (of a dream or
âga rare destroy. is ashamed, caus. aibisha. disgrace,
lafu* (-) flower of the wild jasmine. omen). 3. prophecy, prediction. Cf.
dishonor; abash, disconcert. Cf. aibu.
mwafu. Uajemi. agua.
Cf. Agami* see
aibisho* (ma-) see aibu.

pardon. 2. guard, ahadi*, wahadi (— ) promise, obligation,
2 a fu*, afua 1. forgive, agana ass. of laga, 2 aga.
protect, defend. 3. free, liberate, re- vow, agreement, toa (funga, pa) — make
.
aibu* (— ), aibisho (ma-) shame, dishonor,

lease. 4. heal, cure. 5. \— ma-) a promise, vunja — . break a promise/
lagano (ma-) (more commonly maagano)
,
scandal, disgrace. Cf. aibika.

pro- vow. titniza (fikisha, shika) — keep a
liberation, redemption, salvation,
.
1. agreement, settlement, contract,

tection, defense.
promise/vow. Cf. ahidi, miadi.
treaty, covenant; arrangement,
lidha aka ska -ako
âka build, erect (with stone), caus. akida* (ma-) 1. chief, leader. 2. official.
aidha*, waaidha conj. then, thereupon; âjari* (— ) see achari.
akisha, asha. 3. officer, adjutant. 4. manager, super-
moreover, furthermore.
visor, foreman.
ajazi* rare be weak/infirm/helpless.
aili* (& caus. ailisha) rare reproach, âka act as if.,,, pretend to be..., feign.
intr. ajizika. Cf. ajizi, uajizi.
criticize. Cf. uaili.
— kimya. feign muteness, akidi* rare suffice; end, conclude, finish.
Ajemi* see Uajemi.

ailisha* caus. of aili.
akali* 1. {— ) rare isolation, segregation. akidu* (ma-) contractor.
ajenti* LEngl.J (—) agent, manager,

2. -adj. few, individual, isolated. — ya
aina* (— ) 1, kind, sort, class, kila — ya... foreman.

vitu or vitu — . few things. akifia* entrust with (a task, money,
Cf. uajenti.
all kinds of... 2. biol. sex. 3. bot. property).
species, 4. breed (of cattle, etc.). ajibu* see ajabu.

5. grade (of merchandise). aini.
akifu* see wakifu.
Cf.
akari* (— ) intoxicating drink.
ajihi* rare pay a visit on someone (at a
aini* show; explain, define; classify, akika* (— ) akika: 1. ceremony of a baby's

considerable distance).
differentiate, distinguish. Cf. aina,
-ake (rare -akwe) poss. pron. 3rd pers. first haircut. 2. burial ceremony for a
sing, his, her. kiti chake. his chair. child. 2 akiki.

Cf.
a j ili* (— ) arch, reason, cause. Now
VEngl. say, hello. occurring only in the expressions kwa viti vyake. his chairs.
aisei* inter}., coll. J I
— ya as a result of, thanks to and kwa âkiki* (— ) min. carnelian.
aishi* see ishi. — therefore, because of, on the strength akhera* (— ) see ahera.
of. Cf. minajili. âkiki* 1. the slaughtering of a goat for the
ajabu*, ajibu, staajabu 1. marvel, be akheri* (— ) see aheri. festival of the first hair-cutting. Cf.
surprised/astonished/amazed. 2. (— ma-)
,
ajiri* hire, engage, employ, enlist, akika 1. 2. soma — . hold the burial
prise, amazement, ona -*. be astounded. recruit (laborers, soldiers), caus. akhiri* see ahiri. ceremony for a child. Cf. akika 2.
3. adj. & adv. amazing, astonishing, ex- ajirisha. 1. employ someone for pay.
traordinary. 4. (reinforcing mno & sana): 2. lease, rent. Cf. ijara, ujira. akhiyari* adv., rare well, better. akili* (— ) 1. understanding, reason, intel-
nyingi mno — . extraordinarily many, an ligence, intellect; judgment, discretion.
ajiza* (— ) see aji akhtari* (— ) see aktari. 2. ability, capability, proficiency, com-
amazing number. See also staajabu.
petence. 3. sense, thought, fanya —
ajali* (— ) 1. fate, destiny; destination; ajizi* (also ajiza) 1. (— ) weakness, aki* (— ) see yahe. consider, reflect, prov. — ni mali. Sense
chance, prov. haina kinga wala kafara. limpness, laziness, negligence. 2. is wealth. 4. trick; (in a good sense)
(— ) delay, indecision, hesitancy, prov. akia* swallow, devour, gulp down; gorge plan.
Nothing can avert an impending blow of
fate, {lit.: Fate has neither defense nor — nyumba ya njaa. Indecision is the oneself.
sacrifice.) prov. tabibu hazuii — The.

house of hunger, 3. adj. weak, slack, akina*, kina, wakina (— ) family; descent,
physician does not delay fate, 2. hour hesitant, dilatory. Cf. ajazi, uajizi. akiba* (— ) supply, reserve; savings. extraction; a person/people like... —
of death. 3. accident, hapa leo pana — vyombo vya — spare . parts. — ya Said. Said's family. — sisi. people like
An accident occurred there today. ajuza* (— ) rare old woman. (

= kizee.) wananchi. savings bonds, weka — lay . us, — bibi (bvvana). collec. women (men).
aside, save, toa — dip into one's
.
lajari* (-) see layari. *aka interj. expressing amazement, savings, prov.: — haiozi. What is saved -ako poss. pron. 2nd pers. sing. your.
impatience, negation. does not spoil. tunda lako. your fruit, matunda yako.
your fruits.
ilika amba
akrab ilika
akrab* sing., rare: — magharibi. south- 2. indication, marking, trace, tia —

âlika 1. call, invite; challenge. — ama* (rare ima) conj. or. — ... — . either
karamuni. invite to a feast. — vita. or. — — hii. either this or that,
west. — matlai. southeast. mark, indicate. 3. postmark. 4. symptom, ... hii
summon to battle, declare war. wa — yet, however. = au.
prognosis, prediction. Cf. mialamu. , ( )
2. beckon, entice. 3. inform, explain.

akraba* (— ) relation, relative (only of the
Cf. Imwaliko, Ijnwalishi. ama!* 1. inter/, expressing amazement or
first degree). alamsiki* inter], farewell, goodbye.
impatience. 2. introduction of a question.
"alika confine (a sick person, etc. to a ••, huna habari ya baba yako? It is true
akrabu*, akarabu (— ) pointer, indicator, alamu* (— ) 1, flag, banner. 2. signalling
house or room). that you have no news of your father?
hand. — ya saa. hand of a watch or flag, warning.
clock.
aliki* hang, hang up; fasten, attach. ''ama rare lie prone.
alasiri* (—) 1. afternoon. 2. [si. prayer
aksidenti*, eksidenti lEngl.} (— ) rare (between 3 and 5 o'clock).

aliko (ma-) see mwaliko. lamali* (— ) 1. act, action; behavior.
accident. Cf. ajali.
alau* see walau.
2. activity, work, employment, — yao
alili adv., rare very. ni kujenga nyumba. Their business is
aktari*, akhtari (— ) crowd, gathering. -
alphabet. {= herufi.)
house-building, 3. occupation, business,
ya watu. crowd of people. alfabeti* l.Engl.1 {—)
alisa (— ) rare dancing place. profession, speciality. Cf. amili,
(cloth worn after circum-

mwamali.
-akwe see -ake. alfafa* (— ) alfafa
cision to protect the wound). Allah* God (usually in Arabic formulas).

Allah akbar. Allah is great, la ill ah i ila âmali* (— ) amali (kind of charm)
*ala* inter], expressing amazement or
alfajiri* (— ) 1. dawn, daybreak. 2. Isl.
Allah. There is no God but Allah,
impatience.
prayer (at 4:00 A.M.). Alhamdulillahi. Praise be to Allah. mana* (— ) vow; pledge, trust, security,
Bismillahi. In the name of Allah. weka — leave as . a pledge, give as

âla* (nyala, ala, maala) 1. case, sheath,
»lfu* ;lfu.
wallahi. By Allah. security. Cf. lamini.
scabbard (for knife, sword). 2. instru-
ment, tool, implement, apparatus, appli-
Praise be almari* (— ) chest of drawers, amani* (— ) peace, security, safety.
ance, kila - ya kazi. all kinds of in- Alhamdulillahi !* inter;. to
mapatano ya — peace
. treaty. Cf.
struments/tools. amekuja na — zake Allah!
almaria*, halmaria LPort.j(-) 1. embroi- amana, lamini.
kamili. He came fully equipped.
— Maundy dery. 2. braid.
Alhamisi* (— ) Thursday. kuu.
Thursday. amania* liter, trust, believe in, depend/

alaf* see elfu.
almasi*, alma/.i (— ) 1. diamond, brilliant. rely on. Cf. amana, lamini.
alhasil*, alhasir adv. 1. then, thereupon; 2. pr. n. masc.

âlafu* see elfu.
hence, consequently. 2, thus, in this amara* (— ) rare (- muhimu) 1. urgent
way, similarly, na — . and so forth, almuradi*, mradi conj. then, thereupon; matter/business. 2. help, aid, assistance.
âlafu* adv., conj. see halafu.
hence, consequently. haja — ? Can I do something for you?
alia make marks on the body (by a blow).

alama* (— ) 1. sign, mark, symbol. —
alowensi* LEngl. J (— ) allowance. amari* LPort. J anchor-chain/cable.
ndogo. dot, — ya kushangaa. exclama- = kipimo.)
.. lalika 1. splash, ripple (of water). 2, go (
tion mark. — .
ya kuuliza. question mark.

. ,
off, explode (of bombs). 3. snap, crack. 'amba 1. arch, speak. 2, speak ill of some-
— ya kutaja. quotation mark. — ya
see halwaridi.
— vidole. make the joints alwaridi* (— ) one, slander, kumwamba mtu. talk about
caus. alisha.
usawa. equals mark, sign of equality.
of one's fingers crack. Cf. ^mwaliko,
'mwalishi.
.
11
10
reliability. 3. adj. {also aminifu) amria* appl. of amuru.

someone behind his back. appl. see ambo (ma-) gum, glue. Cf. âmba,
faithful, devoted, reliable, trustworthy.
ambia. Cf. jigamba, kigambo, mgambo,
Cf. amana, amani, amania, imani, amrisha* caus. of amuru.
mwambaji. ambua {inv. of 2 am ba) 1. loosen, detach,
mwamana, mwamini, uaminifu, toamini.
separate, pull off. — ngozi. remove
amriwa* pass, of amuru.
âmba rare be in contact, stick together, skin (rind, bark). — mchungwa. peel an
âmini*, yamini (— ) blood brother, huyu ni
adhere, us. intr. ambika. 1. hold/stick orange. 2. profit, benefit, alisoma miaka
amini yangu. This man is my blood amsha caus. of amka,
together, cohere. 2. prepare a trap for mingi lakini hana alichoambua. He has
brother.
fish; bait, lure. inv. see ambua. Cf. studied for a long time, but hasn't
*Amu (the island of) Lamu.
atnbata, ambo, ambua, ambukizo, benefited from it. intr. ambuka. intr.-
aminifu* adj. see *amini 3.
lohamha. chambo. ohambua. êaraba, caus. ambukiza. med. be infectious/
ârnn*. ami (— ) (paternal) uncle, Cf.
ngambi, uambukizo, wamba, wambiso. contagious, ugonjwa wa kuambukiza.
amiri* (ma-) commander, leader, officer, binamu.
contagious disease. Cf. ambukizo,
colonel, — jeshi. leader of an army.
'amba relat. pron. who, which, that (in chambua, uambukizo.
Cf. amri. *amua end/settle a dispute; adjudge,
conj. w. det.J. wale ambao wamekwenda.
decide by arbitration; reach a decision;
those who have gone. ambukizo (ma-) med. infection, contagion.
âmiri* begin/start something. — shamba act as an arbitrator, appl. amulia.
Cf. ambua.
(mji). lay out a new field (village). caus. amuliza. Cf. maamuzi, mwamua,
ambaa come near to without touching, pass
uamuzi.
by, skirt, hug (the shore); avoid, amdelahane* (— ) amdelahane (soft, silky
amirisho* (ma-) start, beginning. Cf.
escape, waliambaa mji bila ya kuingia. material). Cf. mdarahani. 9
âmiri. 'amna - amwa.
They went past the town without enter-
ing it. waliambaa hatari. They escaped amerikani* LEngl. J see merekani.
amka wake up, stir. caus. amsha. wake amulia appl. of âmua.
from danger, caus. ambaza. Cf.
up, rouse. — {usually fungua) kinywa.
mwambao, tnmwambao. ami* (—) see âmu.
eat breakfast. changamka, amuliza caus. of âmua.
Cf. amkia,
kiamshakinywa, maamkio.
ambari* (— ) ambergris. amia* protect (a field or garden from birds
amuru* 1. order, command, prescribe,
and animals). Cf. mwamizi; also hami,
amkia, amkua {appl. of amka) 1. wake up decide, decree aliniamuru niende. He
ambata clasp, cling, stick to, adhere. himaya.
for/because of someone. 2. show some- ordered me to go. 2. administer, manage,
caus. ambatisha. fix, attach, ass.
one one's respect/esteem. 3. greet govern, lead. appl. amria. pass, amriwa.
ambatana. nguo imeambatana na amili* 1. do, act; complete, accomplish.
someone. 4. grow light, dawn. caus. amrisha. drill, train (soldiers).
kidonda. The cloth has adhered to the 2. lead, guide, steer. Cf. âmali.
Cf. amri,
wound. Cf. ''amba.
amkua see amkia.
âmini* {also staamani) 1. trust, entrust;
amuzi (ma-) (us. pi.) judgment, verdict.
ambia {appl. of lamba) 1. speak/say believe; prove oneself worthy of trust,
amri* (— , ma-) 1. order, command, directive, Cf. âmua.
something to someone. 2. inform; tell, nilimwamini na fedha yangu. I trusted
toa — . give an order, shika (fuata) —
relate, pass, ambiwa. nimeambiwa. him with my money, intr. aminika. be amwa suck. caus. amwisha. nurse/suckle
carry out an order, obey a command.
I was told, double appl. ambilia. trustworthy /reliable, mtu huyu haaminiki. (a baby).
2. authority, rule, mastery, responsi-
chatter, gossip. This man is not reliable, caus. aminisha.
bility, power, ana amri juu yao. He has
inspire confidence, give certainty. anana adj. soft, mild, gentle, upepo
power over them. Cf. âmiri, amuru.
ambika intr. of -amba. 2. (— ) faithfulness, fidelity, devotion, mwanana. gentle wind. fig. mtu mwanana.
a gentle, modest person.
anga 13 anguka
12 anga
angani. spaceship, safari ya angani. angamizi (ma-) (us. pi.) destruction, ruin.
pleasure, joy; festive mood. andika 1. put in order, arrange, appl. space flight, mwanaanga. cosmonaut. angamia.
anasa* (— ) 1. Cf.
2. comfort, prosperity, luxury, maisha andikia. arrange something. — meza. 5. adj. - angavu. Cf. angaa.
ya — a life in easy circumstances. Cf. set the table. 2. write; register, enter; angao, angalao conj.
. 1. although, even if.
appl. andikia. write 'anga arch, compute, count. = ^wanga.)

anisi, taanasa. recruit, sign on. ( nipe chakula — ni kidogo tu. Give me
to someone, alimwandikia barua. He food even if it is only a little. 2. so
prepare, make preparations; cook wrote him a letter. 3. draw, sketch. angaa shine, be bright; give light, gleam, that, in order that.
andaa
make preparations andikia picha. draw a picture, caus. flash, appl. angalia. be alert, watch;
(food), appl. andalia.
for. waliandalia vita (kazi). They are andikisha. cause to write, dictate; have look, observe; be careful/cautious; in- angavu, anga adj. 1. bright, gleaming,
making preparations for war (work). Cf. the table set (for a meal); (or jiandikisha) spect, test, check, angalia! Look! shining. 2. transparent, clear. 3. 'fig.
register (for voting), ass. andikiana.
andao. andazi, maandalio, mwandaliaji, Watch out! caus. & int. angaza. light intelligent, open-minded, clever. Cf.
write to each other, correspond, ass.-
mwandao, mwandazi. up, illuminate; look fixedly, stare. angaa.
caus. andikanya. get each other to write. mwezi huangaza usiku. The moon lights
andama follow, succeed; accompany, mwezi Cf. andiko, maandiko, maandishi, up the night, angaza macho, angaza caus.
fix one's Si int. of angaa.
umeandama. new moon. ass. andamana. mwandiko, mwandikaji, mwandishi, eyes on something, stare. Cf. 2 an
g 3i
uandikishaji, uandishi. angema
follow one another, go together/in a angalifu, angavu, kianga, kiangaza, 1. be despondent/dejected. 2. be
company; walk in a line or row (proces- maangalio, maangalizi, mwanga, timid/timorous.

andamano, andikanya ass. -caus. of andika. mwangalifu, mwangalizi, mwangaza,
sion, demonstration). Cf.
andamo, mwandamano, mwandamo, uangaliaji, uangalifu, uangavu. angika hang up (on the wall, on a tree,
andiko (ma-) (usually maandiko) 1. what is
mwandani, uandamano, uandamizi. etc.). Cf. langa, angama, angua.
written: manuscript, text, book, inscrip- angaika see hangaika.
{usually tion, address, label, heading, title;
-angu
andamano, andamizi (ma-) poss. pron. 1st pers. sing. my.
1. series, recent (written) statement, communique. angalao
maandamano, maandamizi) see angao. mtoto wangu. my child, nyumba yangu.
2. pi., rel. scriptures. Maandiko Mata-
sequence, succession. 2. procession, my house.
katifu. The Holy Scriptures. 3. prepara-
demonstration. Cf. andama. angalia appl. of angaa.
tion, arrangement. Cf. andika.
angua (inv. of langa) 1. take off/down,
(usually maandamizi) see angalifu adj. cautious, careful; consid- throw down, bring down; drop. —
andamizi (ma-) nazi.
langa, wanga 1. rare hang, be suspended,
andama, andamano. erate. Cf. angaa. pick coconuts. 2. hatch. — mayai. hatch
float (in the air). 2. bewitch, enchant,
eggs. 3. pass into a state of..., fall
cast a spell. 3. spend the night. Cf.
andamo adj. following, subsequent, con- angama (stat. of langa) hang, be suspend- into... — kicheko (machozi). burst out
new angama, angika, angua, 3 chango, kiango.
secutive, mwezi mwandamo. rare ed (in, on); hover, float (in the air); be laughing, burst into tears, appl. angulia.
moon. Cf. andama. caught on, be stuck/tangled. — mtini. intr. anguka. 1. fall down; drip, trickle;
2anga (ma-) 1. brightness, radiance,
be caught/tangled in the tree. caus. crash (of an airplane). 2. be ruined.
preparation, brilliance. — la jua. sunlight. — la
andao (ma-) {usually maandao) angamiza. cause to hang, hang up; (fig.) 3. be seized by, be overtaken by. intr.-
mwezi. moonlight. 2. tech. lighting,
arrangement, provision, measure; cook- store, stockpile. Cf. 2uangamizi. appl. angukia. fall down (into, on, be-
illumination. 3. psych, intuition, per-
ing (of food). Cf. andaa. fore), angukia miguu. prostrate oneself
ception. 4. meteor., av. sky, space;
angamia perish, be ruined; fail, be un- at someone's feet. caus. angusha.
atmosphere, weather, hali ya anga.
pastry,
andazi (ma-) {usually maandazi) successful; be destroyed, caus. cause to fall, fell, bring down; ruin.
weather conditions, anga la juu. orbit,
confectionery; seasoning, garnishing; angamiza. destroy, ruin. Cf. maanga- Cf. anguko, kiangushio, mwangushi.
angani. cosmos, space, chombo cha
pastry/confectionery shop. Cf. andaa. mizi, maangamizo, mwangamizi,
uangamio, luangamizi. anguka intr. of angua.
.
angu ko 14 apizo April 15 asfari
anguko (ma-) (usually maanguko) 1. fall, anwani* (— ) address, andika — ya barua. Aprili* \_Engl.~\ April. arifu* 1. state, report, inform (usually by
drop, collapse, crash, maanguko ya address a letter. letter); tell, relate, say. 2. adj. well-
downfall, decay,
apua inv. of apa. informed, educated; experienced, versed,
maji. waterfall. 2. fig.
anza begin, start, set about (something). proficient. Cf. maarifa, maarufu, taarifa,
ruin. 3. Tuin(s) (of a building, etc.).
Cf. angua.
— kazi. begin to work. appl. anzia. Arabu*: Bara Arabu. Arabia. (= Uarabu.) umaarufu.
caus. anzisha, or double appl. -caus. Cf. Mwarabu.
angusha caus. of angua. anzilisha, anziliza. found, establish, arithi* rare want, wish.
anzisha chama. found a party. Cf. Ârabuni* (— ) 1. an object of Arabian
propose, have in chanzo, maanzilisho, mwanzilishi, origin. 2. sing. Arabia. Cf. Mwarabu; aroba see arba.
ania* 1. intend, plan,
mwanzo, uanzishaji. also ^Manga.
mind, anaania kazi ya ualimu. He
intends tO DCCOiac a icaiuu. -. „..,^,.u,
depraved/despised person. ârabuni* (— ) deposit, advance (payment). days of impurity of a woman after
fight for. aliania maisha yake. He anzali* (— ) 2. forty
childbirth. Cf. arba.

fought for his life. Cf. nia, nuia.
anzilisha, anziliza double appl. -caus. of araka* (— ) arrack; any intoxicating liquor.
anika, janika put out to dry /air. - nyama anza. arteri* LEngl.J (— ) see ateri.
arba*, aroba arch. four. = nne.) -a —•
(samaki). dry meat (fish). - nguo. air/ (
Anzwani* Anjouan (island of the Comoros). fourth, arbalashara. fourteen. — mia. arubaini* see arobaini.
dry clothes. Cf. anua.
four hundred.
1-ao poss. pron. 3rd pers. plur. their. arufu* see harufu.
1. [also taanisi, taanasa) please,
anisi*
nchi yao. their country, nchi zao. their arbaini* see arobaini.
delight, cause pleasure, be pleasing.
2. adj. pleasant, delightful; luxurious.

countries. arusi*, harusi (— ) wedding (ceremony and
arda lay eggs. festivity), bwana — bridegroom, —
. bibi
Cf. anasa.
2ao* see au. bride, fanya — . get married.
ardhi* (— ) ground, earth; (dry) land (as
anjili* (-) see injili.
apa swear, take an oath. — Kurani. swear opp. to sea); (rare) world, globe. asa*, wasa forbid, prohibit; warn.
by the Koran, caus. 1. apisha, (rare)
ankachifu* lEngl.l {-) handkerchief.
afya. put on oath. caus. 2. (w. int. force) ari* (— ) 1. shame, disgrace, dishonor. asaa* conj., arch. if.
apiza. swear at, curse, caus. 1-pass. 2. special effort exerted to prevent
ankra* [/»<*.] (-) 1. bill of lading; bill,
(kw)apishwa. be sworn in, take an oath being disgraced, will to succeed/win. asali* (— ) honey, syrup. — ya nyuki. honey.
invoice. 2. label, tag, ticket.
(of office), inv. apua. break an oath. — ya miwa. molasses, prov. fuata nyuki
3. mortgage.
Cf. apizo, kiapo, mwapaji, mwapizi, aria* (— ) rare part, section, party, ukale — Follow
. the bee and you will get
of a rupee). ûapo. (eat) honey. (= Attach yourself to the

anna* -LlndJ (-) anna (1/16
aridhia* explain, expound, demonstrate; right friend.)
Cf. rupia.
aparati* [.Germ. ?] (-) apparatus. inform, report; interpret, aliniaridhia
(- nyambo vya kufania kazi.) maneno. He explained (interpreted) the asante*, ahsante thanks. — sana. Thank
anua {inv. of anika) remove, take away
words for me. you very much, toa (sema) — thank.
(out of the sun), take down washing. .
apizo (ma-) (us. maapizo) curse, impreca-

intr. anuka. be dry (of washing), fig.
tion, invective. Cf. apa. aridhilihali* (— ) rare, arch, request, asfari* adj. rare yellow. (= kimanjano.)
kumeanuka sasa. It has stopped raining
petition; memorandum.
It has cleared up.
.
astahili 17 auka
16
aspinni
astahili* see stahili. people are strangers. 3. in requests for

z aka. (us. pi.) revolt, rebellion. Cf. maasi,
asha cans, of for repetition: — umesema nini? What did
mwasi, uasi.
aste* ilnd.J adv., rare slowly. (= polepole.) you say?
ashakum* Excuse it. Pardon the expres-
asikari* (-) see askari.
sion. (Used in apology for a vulgar word asubuhi*, asubui, asuhukhi 1. (— ) morning. see ^hatia.
atia*
or expression). — na mapema. in the early morning, tangu

asili* (— ) 1- beginning; origin, source, home;
— hata jioni. from morning to evening. atibu* scold, swear, abuse, insult; blame,
foundation, basis; (gramm.) root; (math.)
ashara* arch. ten. (~ kumi.) 2. adv. in the morning. Cf. sabahi. find fault with, criticize, reprimand; be
denominator. 2. ancestor, forebear;
dissatisfied, appl. atibia. intr. atibika.
descent, ancestry. 3. nature, tempera-
asharati* (-) see asherati. asubui* (— ) see asubuhi.
ment. 4. essence, basic principle;
originally, aiika replant, Uauspitiiil, piaiil uui. (sKKu.ii.iif!,
improvement, ona — reason (for something). 5. adv.

ashekali* 1. rare asusa* (— ) 1. meat dish. 2. something cuttings).
in old times.
better, im- from the beginning, by nature;
note improvement. 2. adj. eaten when one is drinking alcoholic bever-
proved (after an illness).

babu —of original/proved quality.
ages. atikali* rare understand, know; estimate.
6. adj.: -a -. original. Cf. asilia.
asherati*, asharati (-) 1. dissipation, ata* see acha. atilika* rare be injured, deformed (after an
asilia* adj. original, genuine, real, true.
debauch, excess; prodigality, waste; , accident or illness).
Cf. asili.
amusement, good time. 2. adultery, atamia, tamia, latatnia brood, hatch (eggs),
immorality, fornication. Cf. caus. atamisha, atamiza. Atlantiki* [.Engl. J (-) geogr. Atlantic
asisha* caus. of *asi.
mwasherati, uasherati. (Ocean).
ateri*, arteri [Engl.j 1. anat. artery. 2. fig.
pass.
asisiwa found, establish; appoint,
asherini* see ishirini. arterial road, main route. atlasi* (— ) silk cloth, nguo ya — . satin.
asiswa. be named/appointed.
be in love, love passion- mark, spot, blemish. —a—,

ishiki*, ashki 1. athari* (— ) 1. 2. scratch, atomiki* [Engl. J adj. (or kiatomik).
jskafu* (ma-) see askofu.
ately, have a passion for, be enamored abrasion, wound, scar, sore. 3. fault, atomic, nuclear, bomu la — atomic bomb.
fig. .
{# {—) love, passionate desire;

2. defect, mistake, omission, deficiency, ana
askari*, asikari (-) 1. warrior, soldier,
yearning,
feeling, affection, fondness; - — ya jicho. He has only one eye (euph.). atua split, chop (wood); tear, crack, intr.
military man. 2. guard, overseer.
longing, tia — evoke affection/yearn-
- jela. prison guard.
4. influence. 5. v.: (ku)athari. to influ- atuka. be split, torn, nchi imeatuka kwa
polisi. policeman.
ing. Cf. shauku. ence. Cf. athiri. joto la jua. The ground is cracked from
- kanzu. local constable/constabulary
theheatof the sun. Cf. mwatuko.
(wearing kanzu rather than uniform).
ashiria* signal, inform promptly, give athiri* damage, injure, destroy, disfigure, de-
- wapanda farasi. cavalry. Cf. uaskari.
Cf. — = ama.)
someone an indication/warning. face, pass, athiri wa. be corrupted. Cf. au*, ao conj. or. — ... . either ... or. (
ishara. athari.
askofu*, askafu (ma-) bishop. - mkuu.
aua 1. inspect, examine, investigate, check
archbishop. - msaidizi. auxiliary bishop.
ashki* see ashiki. ati!, eti! interj. 1. exclamation to attract at- on. — skuli. inspect a school. 2. survey,
Cf. uaskofu.
tention: Hey! Hey there! — wewe! Hey, mark out, lay out. — shamba. survey (mark
asi*, aasi 1. be disobedient, not meet an you! 2. exclamation introducing a state- out) a field, appl. aulia. intr. auka.
askuti* Be still! Silence! Cf. sukutu.
obligation; revolt, rebel,
wameasia ment: Say..,, Listen... — ! yasemwa watu caus. auza or ausha,
serikali yao. They have rebelled again* wale ni wageni Say, they tell me those
pharm. aspirin. !
aspirini* [EnglJ (-)

their government, caus. asisha. incite auka rare develop, open up (plants).
agitate. 2. (ma-)
to rebellion, stir up,
19 baba
18
in the first place, at first, âzima lend, borrow; borrow something azimo (ma-) (usually maazimo) something
2. adj. & aeZw.
aula* adj. better, superior, more impor- almost,
hili ni in the beginning; earlier, formerly; from someone (without leaving an borrowed or lent: loan, debt. Cf. azima.
tant, more suitable, jambo
nearly. 3.: - ya nchi. border/boundary/ equivalent or furnishing security),
This matter is better (more
aula...
unimportant/ frontier of a country (i.e., where the appl. azimia. Cf. maazimo, mwazimo, azimu* 1. do magic, cast spells. 2 intend,
important)... si -. It is
= asili, mwanzo, kwanza). uazimaji. determine, propose. Cf. azimio (maazi-
country begins;
inconsequential.
mio).
see awadha. âzima* (ma-) rare ~ azimio.

1. help, assist, sup- awaza*
auni*, awuni, awini aziri* see adhiri.
aunika. cans.
port, appl. aunia. intr.
awesia (kind of dhow). azimio* (ma-) {usually maazimio) 1. in-
2. rare help, assistance, sup- awesia* (-)
aunisha.
tention, purpose, resolution; motive. azizi* 1. (— ) rarity, treasure. 2. adj.
port. Cf. muawana. i __. - j / __. _ __ _ i
awini* see auni. 2. proposal, scheme, project, pian. i
— kutokuwa na
aunsi* lEnglJ W °™ ce (=28.3gr.>.
awuni* see auni.
3. pari, motion.
imani. no-confidence motion.
la
Cf. azur* (— ) see * zuri.
azimu.
uradi* see uracil. a
laya* (-) section, part, paragraph (of
verse (esp. of the Koran).
book),
ausha caus. of aua.
2aya* (-) (children's) nurse(maid).

rare 1. life. 2. permanence,
aushi* (-)
durable (= Imlezi.)
durability, vyungu vya -.
pottery. Cf. ishi.

ayala* (-) stag, hart.
see eusi.
ausi
layari*. ajari (-) cheat, swindler, rascal, baa*, balaa, balia ( — ) 1. evil; disaster, quantity, some. — ya watu. some of th<
prov. mwangalie - huyu

disturbance, calamity, catastrophe, people. Wanafunzi wamegawanyika —
scoundrel,
„l;* \—l
C_-1 see
scc awali. scoundrel
auwali Watch out for the mbili. The students are divided into
aliyeko mtini. mvua hii imetuletea baa na balaa. This
who is in the tree. rain has led to a great catastrophe. two sections.
auza caws, of aua.
2. pestilence, epidemic. 3. person who
anchor chain. 2. rope rare set up, place upright.
2 aya ri (-) naut. 1. creates trouble or does damage. baathi*, buathi
destroy, waste;
squander.
avya dial,
3. pulley, block.
squander money (prop- for hoisting a sail.
- fedha (mail),
—
baada* prep, after, behind {usually — ^baba (— ) 1. father, (paternal) uncle.
erty).
thank you. (= asanti.) — mkubwa (mdogo). uncle (older/younger
ay e arch, ya after). ya miaka mingi. after
many years. — ya kazi. after work. brother of one's father). — Mtakatifu.
awa dial, go out, go away.
aza see waza. Cf. baidi. Holy Father, Pope. 2. ancestor, fore-
bear. 3. patron, protector. 4, guard,

assign, allot;
awadha*, awaza rare eternal, without
beginning.
mwawazi. azali* adj.,rel. baadaye* ( < baada yake) adv. & conj. watchman. Cf. ubaba; also babu.
arrange, organize. Cf.
thereafter, afterwards, after, then; next.
(-) *rch. nose ring.
<-) beginning, start, azama*
1.
awali*, auwali
- hata aheri. from baadhi* ( — )
part, section (of a larger
inception, tangu
hakuna lazima* (-) talisman, charm; magic. whole or number); (small) amount/ ^baba rare fasten/tie tightly.
beginning to end. prov. - ni -,
- mbovu. Take the first or nothing.

.
badilifu bahasha
badili
20
babaika
badilifu* adj. exchangeable, interchange- baghairi*, minghairi 1. prep., conj. with-

character, able; changeable, inconstant; fig. un- out, apart from, except.
stammer 2babu* (-) kind, sort, category; 2. adv. exclusive-
babaika, babayika 1. stutter,
- kubwa (ndogo) of superior stable, whimsical. Cf. badili, ubadilifu. ly. Cf. ghairi.
(from fear). 2. talk deliriously, rave (in quality.
(inferior) quality
(character).
a fever, etc.). caus. babaisha. deceive,
badiliko*, badilisho (usually mabadiliko, baghala* (— ) mule. = nyumbu).
babaiko, ubabaiko.
(
swindle, cheat. Cf.
off, strip off, remove (skin, mabadilisho) (ma-) change, alteration,
babua pull
appl. babulia. variation, transformation (conditions, baghami* (— fool, stupid person.
rind); clean, polish,
1.
meaningless words, )
babaiko, babayiko (ma-) disfiguring

expla- babuka. suffer from a customs, practices). Cf. badili. 2. adj. foolish, stupid.
nonsense; confused/unintelligible
intr.
skin disease.
nation. Cf. babaika.
badilisho* (ma-) see badiliko. bagua separate, detach; discriminate,
substitute, replacement,
i • • i i • i _ .-
~~n lc 5 at ~> U1V1UC
-
lip, lay asiuc,

- -
pUl.
caus. of babaika. Ibadala* (-)
babaisha
representation. - ya. instead of. Cf.
^badiri* ( — ) 1. meteor, celestial phenome- away. appl. bagulia. appl. -intr. bagu-
omen. lika. be separated/divided; in disagree-

babaje (-) babaje (large marine snail). badili. non. 2.
ment/conflict, intr. baguka. intr. -ass.
convince. 2. fight, Badala (name of an bagukana. dispute with one another; be

babaka 1. prove; argue; 2badala* llnd. ?] badiri* see badhiri.
opposed to one another in hostile camps,
struggle. Indian sect).
be divided (into parties, factions). Cf.
bado* adv. 1. still, huyu ni mtoto — He
.
proletariat, badani (front or back ubaguzi.

babakabwela sing, badani*. bidani (-) is still a child. 2. not yet (usually w.
piece of a kanzu, q.v.). the negative particle -\a-). hawajafika
bahameli*, mahameli (— ) velvet, corduroy.
[? 1 adv. just, then. — They have not yet arrived.
babale .
1. embezzle, misappropriate,
badhiri*, badiri
(metal), property). bahari* (— ) 1. sea, ocean. — ya Sham.
babata strike lightly, tap;
hammer defalcate; squander (money, bafe (— ) poisonous snake, puff adder
beat extrava- Red Sea. — ya Atlantiki. Atlantic Ocean.
intr. babatika. (- mbawa) flutter,
2. adj.also badhirifu wasteful, (Bitis arietans).
budhara, mbadhiri, — ya Arktiki. Arctic Ocean. — ya Hindi.
(with the wings). gant. Cf. badhirifu,
Indian Ocean. — Nyeusi. Black Sea.
ubadirifu. bafta*, bafuta (— ) bafta (thin, bleached
— ya Pasifiki. Pacific Ocean, safiri/
babayika see babaika. cotton cloth, used for lining clothes).
safari (ya) baharini. navigation. 2. fig.
badhirifu* adj. wasteful, extravagant.
something vast or immeasurable. Cf.
see babaiko. ubadhirifu.
babayiko (ma-) Cf. badhiri, Ibafu* [Engl.l (-) bathtub, bath. baharia, ubaharia.
change, exchange. -
ornith. (species shauri.
babewatoto, babewana (-) badili* 1.
= mwanamaji.)
- hewa. have a ^bafu (ma-) see pafu. baharia* (ma-) sailor, seaman. (
owl. change one's mind.
of)
change of air (rest,
recuperation). - Cf. bahari, ubaharia.
- nguo. change bafuta* (— ) see bafta.

babia overfeed (someone). fedha. change money.
appLbadilia. intr. badilika. bahasa* adj. cheap, reasonable (in price),
clothes.
ancestor, 2. (ma-) change, alter- bagala* \_Ind. J (— ) bagala (sailing vessel worth the money.
1. grandfather. 2. int. badilibadili.
Ibabu (-, ma-)
Mababu wa Kanisa. ation, modification;
exchange; innovation. with large stern, usually two-masted).
forbear, patriarch.
respectful 1 badilifu, badiliko, mbadi- bahasha* (— ma-) , 1. envelope. 2. bag,
Church. 3. ba dala,
the Fathers of the Cft
sack. package, bundle.
ubadilishaji. bagawa use indecent/filthy language. 3.
an old man. Cf. lishaji, ubadilifu,
term of address for
1
baba.
. .
bahashika 22 bald bako 23 bambo
bahashika* be deceived/embarrassed/ amebaini. That murderer is now recognized. bakora* (-) 1. stick; walking-stick, cane. bearing stage. 3. (ma-) (also mbalehe,
confused. 2. make clear, show. intr. bainika and - ya kiaskofu. rel. crozier. 2. blow wa-) girl or boy at the age of puberty,
intr.-ass. bainikana. be clear/obvious/ (with a stick). 3. fee (given by a father mtoto huyu sasa -. This girl is now at
bahati*, bakhti (— ) 1. luck, fortune; irrefutable. Cf. baina, bainifu, bayana, to the master who teaches his son a the age of puberty. Cf. ubalehe.
success. — nasibu. lottery.— njema. mbayana, ubainifu. trade).
good luck, success. — mbaya. bad luck,

bali* conj. but, however, on the contrary.
misfortune, ana bahati. He has good bainifu* adj. clear, plain, apparent, bakshishi*, bakhshishi (-) gratuity, gift,
luck. He is successful, hana bahati. obvious, evident, manifest, generally alms, tip, donation, bonus.
2 bali*
known. Cf. baini. Llnd.'] (-) earring.
He is unlucky /unsuccessful. 2. lot, fate,
destiny. 3. chance, accident. 4, -a — bakua see bakwia.

haisikeli*, haiskeli lEngl.1 (-) bicycle. balia* ( — ) see baa.
bahatika, bahatisha, bahatisho. bakuli* (-) (also kibakuli, vi-) basin,

baiskeli* (— ) see baisikeli. deep dish, tureen, balozi* (ma-) 1. -hist, administrator,
kibakuli cha chumvi.
be lucky/fortunate. political agent. 2. representative of a
bahatika* Cf. bahati. saltcellar.
bajia* llnd. J bajia (small cake made of foreign country (ambassador, minister,
bahatisha* one's fortune, trust to luck; flour, ground beans, and pepper). consul). Cf. ubalozi.
try bakwia, bakua take by force, rob, plunder.
guess, speculate, hazard. Cf. bahati. Cf. ubakuaji.
Bajuni, Bajun (ma-) member of the Bajuni balungi* llnd. Pers. ?] (-) grapefruit.
guesswork. comm. tribe, native of the coast north of Mombasa. Cf. mbalungi.
bahatisho* (— ) 1. 2. balaa* (— ) see baa
adventurism. Cf. bahati, bahatisha.
baka* (ma-) mark on the body, birthmark; balamwezi (-) see bamba (-) rare discussion; affair,
mbalamwezi.
bahili* 1. {— ma-) miser, prov. mali ya scar; ringworm; marking (of animals), matter; advice.
, (= shauri.)
— huliwa na wadudu. The property of a (fig.) stigma. balanga (-) see mbalanga.
miser is apt to be eaten by insects. 2. 2 bamba
1. arrest, catch, detain. 2. resist,
bakhshishi* (-) see bakshishi.
adj. miserly, parsimonious, stingy, balari* (-) (kind of) chisel. oppose.
frugal. Cf. ubahili.
bakhti* (-) see bahati.
Halasi* (-, ma-) balasi (large jug for bamba (ma-) 1. any thin, flat object: sheet
baidi* be apart/separated; be by oneself/ storing water).
baki* 1. remain, be left over, remain metal, cardboard, paper. - la chuma.
distant/remote, caus. baidisha.
behind, appl. bakia. caus. bakisha, sheet of metal. - la kobe. shell of a
separate, segregate; avoid. Cf. baada. 2 balasi*
bakiza. 2. (ma-) remainder, residue, (-) see barasi. tortoise. 2. rare tin (container, for
remnant; (math.) remainder (in sub- gasoline, etc.). Cf. 'bambo, 2 bambo,
baina*, bayana (-) clarity, certainty, in-
z
balbu* lEngl.] (-) (electric-light) bulb. mbamba, ubamba, ubambo.
controvertible fact. — ya. between, traction), balance. 3. n. & adj.
— ya Tanga na neutrality, impartiality; neutral,

among, in the midst of.
bale (ma-) augment, of ubale (larger than bambika dip, soak, steep (in water).
impartial, mtu — a neutral/impartial
Daressalam, between Tanga and Dar
.
2 mbale).
— ya watu. among the person (in a quarrel, etc.) siasa ya —
es Salaam.
bambo (-) 1. sampling rod (for examining
pol. (policy of) neutrality.
people. Cf. baini.
baiegi* see baiehe. the contents of sacks). 2. walking-stick.
bakiza* caus. of baki. Cf. bamba.

baini*, bayini 1. see clearly, recognize,
balehe*, baiegi 1. be ready for marriage,
know with certainty, yule mwuaji sasa
reach puberty. 2. bot. reach the fruit-
2bambo (ma-) strip of palm-leaf (used to
weave baskets and mats). Cf. <*
bamba.
bambu 24 bangili bango 25 baraka
bambua peel/strip off. bandari*, bendari LPers.J (— ) harbor, bango (ma-) 1. broad part of the palm-leaf bapa (ma-) 1. flat or slightly curved
port, anchorage, roadstead, bandari ya stem, 2. fender, mud-guard (bicycle, surfac?. — la mpanga. flat (side) of a
bamia* (ma-) bot. olcra (lady's fingers, mto. river port. Cf. mbandarini. automobile). placard, sign. —
3. sword. la kisu. blade of a knife.
fruit of the mbamia, Hibiscus esculentas). 2, adj. flat, level, —
sura . level sur-
bandera* (— ) see bendera. banguzi (ma-) (large) wound, sore, abscess. face. Cf. ubapa.
bamvua (ma-) spring-tide.
bandi (ma-) stitch (in sewing); a row of baniani (ma-) see banyani. bara* ( — ) 1. land, mainland, interior (as
bana press, squeeze, pinch, crush, intr. stitches, fanya (shona) — . stitch, sew. opp. to coast). 2. territory, continent.
banika. be fixed (meat, fish) on a spit; banika {intr. of bana.) roast, toast. Cf. — ya Afrika (Ulaya). continent of Africa
(w. trans, force) roast (on a spit, at a bandia* llnd., Ar. ?] (-) 1. bolt of cloth. kibaniko. (Europe). — Arabu. Arabia.
fire), toast, cans, ban za. inv. bannas 2. mtotrs iv a -, drill.
loosen, release pressure, separate, take banja crack (nuts, etc.), break, break baraba* see barabara.
apart. — miguu. spread the legs. Cf. bandika 1. fit together, join, connect, open. Cf. mbanjo.
bano, banzi, kibaniko, kibanzi, mbano. fasten to, attach, stick on, affix, fasten/
^barabara* 1. — ) wide road, highway.
glue down. — stempu. affix a stamp. — banki* (— ) see benki.
(
kanuni za barabarani. traffic regulations.

banada*, banaderi LPers. ? J (— ) 1. Somali dawa. apply a plaster. 2. fig. attach
av. runway, landing strip. 2. coll.
Coast. 2. ports on the coast north of oneself to someone, amejibandika kwa bano (ma-) clamp, vise, press. C f. bana.
prostitute.
Mombasa. Cf. bandari. fulani. He has taken up with X.
3. load (up). — mzigo. put on a load. banua inv. of bana.
banaderi* (— ) see banada. caus. bandikisha, bandikiza. inv. 2barabara*, baraba LPers.'] adj. & adv.
bandua. loosen, remove, strip off (bark, proper, right, regular, correct.
banyani*, baniani [_Ind. J ( — ) Hindu
banagiri* (— ) see bangili. skin). Cf. mbandiko, mbanduko. (neither Moslem nor Christian); Banyan,
baradhuli*, bardhuli (— , ma-) 1. ordinary
(Indian) small retail tradesman, crafts-
bandikiza caus. of .bandika. person. 2. stupid person, fool. 3,
banajili* (— ) see bangili. man (carpenter, tinsmith, barber).
rascal. 4. fop, dandy. Cf. ubaradhuli.
Banawasi* see Abunuwasi. ^bandua inv. of bandika. banza caus. of bana.

barafu* LPers.J (— ) ice. mto wa ~.
glacier.
*banda (ma-) 1. hut, shed. 2. workshop, ^bandua chop up (wood). banzi (ma-) 1. rod, pole; spit (for roasting
factory. 3. stable. — la farasi. horse meat). 2. peg, pin; stick of wood. 3.

baragumu* (— ma-) , 1. horn (used as an
stable. — la motakaa. garage. — la bilge, ship's well.
med. splint. Cf. bana.
banduru* (— ) naut. instrument for giving signals, 'war-
gari. railway station. — la ndege.
horn'). 2. name of a newspaper appear-
hangar. — la starehe. shed erected on bao, bau (ma-) (also mbao, mi-) 1. board,
bange (— ) bange (kind of fish). ing in Tanganyika.
plantations as a rest place for workers. plank. — la kuruka. diving-board,
Cf. kibanda. bangi* Llnd. J (— ) hemp, hashish, vuta

trampoline. 2. divining board, piga —
baraji* (— ) naut. halyard.
prophesy, tell fortunes. 3. bao or bao
— smoke
. hashish. la
mtaji. game played on a board. 4. fig.,

^banda (— ) flower-stem of the coconut palm. baraka* (-) 1. blessing, benefaction.
sport goal, score, tuliwafunga (coll.
bangili*, banagiri, banajili Llnd. A (— 2. fortune, luck, hana — He
. has had bad
(chased silver) bracelet. — za mguu. tuliwapiga) mabao sita. We scored six
bandama (— ) anat. spleen. (= wengu.) luck. 3. prosperity, advantage. 4. rare
goals. 5. platform (at railroad stations).
ankle ring. gift. Cf. bariki, kibaraka, tabaruki.
Cf. kibao, kimbaombao, ubao.
. .
barakinya 26 basba basbasi 27
barakinya* \_Port. J (— ) rare, naut. brig, mildness, gentleness, maneno ya — basbasi* - basibasi. bathdei* [Engl.] (-) birthday.
schooner. gentle words. 5. med. (intermittent)
fever. — yabis(i). rheumatism. Cf. bati (ma-) 1. tin, zinc, tia -. coat or line
barakoa* (— ) veil, mask. buruda, burudi, kiburudishaji, kibu- basha* [.Turk.'] (-) cards king ith tin. 2. sheet-metal, galvanized
rudisho, maburudisho, ubaridi, iron > corrugated iron, nyumba ya -
barangeni*, burangeni [Pers.] (— ) two- uburudisho. bashiri* 1. predict, announce; interpret.
(mabati) . corrugated-iron hut. fundi wa
colored dhow. 2. report, bring news; deliver, convey
-. sheet-metal worker.
bariki* bless; bloom, thrive, prosper, be (a report, news). - heri! I hope it is
barare (— ) see parare. successful, appl. barikia. 1. bless good news. Cf. .bashiri, ubashiri. batili* 1. revoke, declare invalid, cancel,
someone. 2. accept a final bid, knock annul, appl. batilia. caus. batilisha.
barasati* Und.j {-) muiticoiorecl woven down (at an auction), pass, barikiwa. 1 basi*, bassi, bas conj. I. at the 2. {also batilifu) adj. invalid, worth-
fabric. De approved/ratified (by a government). beginning of a clause: well, and then, less . ineffective; dishonest, insincere,
Cf. baraka. so. - twende. Well, let's go. 2. deceitful.
alone: Cf. mbatilifu, ubatili.
barasi*, balasi ( — ) med. eruption, rash; very well, agreed, OK; stop.
leprosy. bariyo* (— ) leftover (food saved for the batilifu see batili 2.
following morning). 2 basi* [Engl.] (ma-) (motor)bus.
barawaji* Und.j (— ) barawaji (fabric with batini* (-) rare innermost thoughts/
gold threads). barizi* 1. receive guests, give an audience; intentions.
basibasi* (-) nutmeg (the spice). Cf.
convene a council. 2. attend a meeting.
kungumanga, mkungumanga.
baraza* (— ) 1. orig. reception room, 3. sit (together) out of doors, appl.
batiza* [Engl.'] rel. baptize. Cf.
entrance hall. 2. recent assembly, barizia. ass. bariziana. Cf. baraza.
bassi* see basi. mbatizaji, ubatizo.
meeting; council, committee. — ya
mawaziri. cabinet (of ministers). — la barua* (— ) 1. letter, document. — ya ndege. balH * (_)
bastola*. pistola [Port.] (-) pistol,
nauL < shi P's) log(-book).
kufanya sheria. legislative assembly. airmail letter. — ya mtengenezaji.
revolver.
— la Amani la Dunia. World Peace editorial, leading article, andikiana —
bato (ma-) 1. med. ringworm (on the head).
Council. — la Usalama. Security correspond (with each other), 2. docu-
Sp0t
basua* (-) confusion (of ideas), weakness 2 ' '
mark (on the skin )'
Council. — kuu. parliament. — Kuu la ment, testimonial, certificate. — ya
(of intellect). Cf. mbasua.
Jumuiya ya Madola. General Assembly fedha. (postal) money-order. Cf.
batobato (ma-) {also kibatobato, vi-)
of the United Nations. 3. members of kibarua.
bata (ma-) 1. duck. - Bukini. goose. marking(s), spot, stripe
(of animals).
a council or cabinet; elders of a tribe.
- mzinga. turkey. 2. {also batabata,
Cf. barizi. barubaru* (ma-) vigorous young man.
batua) walk like a duck, waddle, walk 2
Cf. beberu(?). batobato (ma-) open, level place- (rare)
flatfooted. j •
barazahi* (— ) rel. paradise. (= peponi, barudi* (— ) see baruti.

dancing place.
,
ferdausi.)
batabata see bata 2.
see baradhuli. baruti*, barudi [Turk. (— ) gunpowder. batua see bata 2.
bardhuli* (— , ma-) J
batela*. betela [Port. ?] (-) batela

damp, vita — bas* see basi- bau (ma . } see bao<
baridi* ^— ) 1= cold, frost; *
(small boat).
cold war. pata — . catch cold, ugonjwa
wa — . cold, chill, ague. 2. wind, air, basbas* (— ) see basibasi. baura* [Engl, bower ?] (_) anchor (with
bateri* (_) see betri.
3. coolness, refreshment. 4. fig.
two flukes).
) .
28 bega begi 29 bendi
— kwa — . shoulder to shoulder, hand in beleko (ma-)

âvu, rabavu (ma-) strength, power; force, bazazi* (ma-), mbazazi (wa-) 1. dealer, see mbeleko.
hand, closely (inter-)connected, in-
violence, coll. usiniletee — ! Don't trader; speculator, gambler. 2. cheat,
separable.
force me !
sharper, swindler. Cf. ubazazi. belenga strut, show off; boast, brag.
begi* [.Engl. ] ( J) bag, sack.

beba 1. carry, transport (in gen.), caus. belewasi* (-) kind of ape.
^bavu (ma-) augment, of ubavu.
bebesha. put a load on the back/head;
behedani (— ) see bedani.
(fig.) steal, swipe. 2. recent tune (a belghamu* (-) see belaghami.
bavuni, ubavuni adv. along, alongside,
radio, etc.).
sidewards, at the side; on the other
behewa* (ma-) 1. orig. inner court of Arab beluwa* [ind. , Pers. ?] (_) difficulty,
side. Cf. ubavu.
houses. 2. empty space (in gen.). trouble, care, worry.
bebea see pepea.
nyumba hi i ni — . This house consists
bawa (ma-) (augment, of ubawa) wing of a single room (i.e., is not divided up
beberu 1. {ma-) billy goat; male animal bemba 1. carry tales, meddle in someone's
(of a bird or airplane).
(especially of certain domestic vari-
by partitions). 3. railroad car. — la affairs. 2. flatter; wheedle, coax; flirt.
abiria (bidhaa). passenger (freight) car.
eties); (fig.) strong man. 2. adj. hard, 3. annoy, pester, appl. bembea. double
bawaba* (ma-) hinge (of a door, etc.).
4. storage area.
strong; recent dictatorial, imperialis- appl.-int. bembeleza. pet, caress (a
Cf. bawabu.
tic, serikali ya kibeberu. dictatorial child); (fig,) coax, persuade. bembe,
Cf.
government.
bei* (-) value, price, fanya — . set a bembejea, *mbembe, ubembelezi.
Cf. ubeberu, barubaru (?).
bawabu* (ma-) doorkeeper, porter. — wa price, pandisha — . push up the price,
gereza. guard in a prison. Cf. bawaba, —
bebesha caus. of beba.
piga . bargain, dicker, hati ya — bembe (ma-) confectionery, dessert (pre-
ubawabu. bill of sale, contract.
sented as a gift during Ramadhan and on
bedani*, behedani [Pers.J (— ) 1. bedani visits). Cf. bemba.
bawasili*, bawasiri (— ) med. hemor-
(sticky substance used for dressing
beit* rare house. — al mal. treasury.
rhoids, piles.
women's hair). 2. seed of the bedani bembea rare see pembea.
beja scorn, disdain, treat with contempt.
plant.
bawasiri (— ) see bawasili.
Cf. beza. bembejea obtain by coaxing; curry favor,
bedari see habedari. ingratiate oneself. Cf. bemba.

baya 1. adj. bad, evil, wicked, mtu beki* [.Engl. ] (ma-) sport back.
mbaya. bad person, chakula kibaya.
bedawi (ma-) see bedui. bendari* (-) see bandari.
bad food. 2. adv. vibaya, kubaya. bekua 1. keep off, divert. — mpira.
leo — nje. The weather is bad today. (receive and) return a ball,
bedeni* (ma-) bedeni (Arab sailing vessel lazima bendera*, bandera [Port.1 (-) flag,
3. (ma-) see mabaya. Cf. ubaya. ubekue mbu. Mosquitos must be kept
with cut-water and sharp stern). banner, tweka -. hoist the flag, bendera
off. 2. treat with contempt. 3. take hufuata upepo. The flag flutters in the
J-bayana* adj., adv. clear, plain, by force.
bedui*, bedawi (ma-) 1. bedouin, nomad. wind. fig. yeye ni - hufuata upepo. He
obvious; legible; well-known, famous.
2. vagrant, tramp. turns like a flag in the wind (= he is
Cf. baina, baini, mbayana. belaghami*, belghami, belghamu (— fickle /unreliable).
1. mucus, saliva, phlegm. 2. med.
bee see labeka.
^bayana* (— ) see baina. discharge, excretion. bendi*, beni [Engl. J (-) (jazz-)band,
bega (ma-) shoulder (of man or animal). orchestra.
bayini* see baini. beled* (-) see buldani.
chukua begani. carry on the shoulder.
) . .
31 biki
beneti 30
*bia (ma-) clay vessel, basin. bichi (dial, biti) adj. 1. unripe, raw,
beneti* [£ragL ] (-) bayonet. (= singe.) beseni* [Engl. J (-) basin, dish.
fresh. 2. young, immature. 3. damp,
^bia* (— ) cooperation, partnership; moist (earth). Cf. ubichi,
bengi* (— ) see benki. besera* [/reef.] (-) besera (frame for
mosquito-netting). business company, changa — assume

.
an equal share of expenses, hili ni

bidaa* (— ) see bidhaa.
beni* (— ) see bendi.
bet* (— ) see beti. duka letu la — . This is our joint
business. bidani* (— ) see badani.
benibeni* sideways, edgeways; askew,
wrong, amiss. betabeta twist, wind, meander (of a road or
bidhaa*, bidaa (— ) goods, merchandise.
river); turn, rotate. 3bia* lEngl.l (-) beer.
benki*, banki. bengi [Engl. J (—

bidhalik(a)* see kadhalika.
(savings-) bank. — ya shirika. coopera- betela* (-) see batela. biabia be industrious, diligent; like to do
tive bank. — ya akiba kwa njia ya something.

bidi* strain, exert pressure; obligate,
posta. postal savings bank. — ya beteri* (-) see betri.
compel, force (always used impersonally).
ugawaji. bank of issue. biashara* (— ) business, trade, commerce;
inabidi. It is necessary. It must be.
Ibeti*, bet (-) rare house. Cf. ubeti. business company, concern, fanya —
imembidi kwenda. He had to go. appl.
benua, binua stick out, protrude, put engage in trade, carry on business,
— merchandise, tangaza —
bidia. caus. & intr. bidisha. refl.
forward. — kifua. throw out one's
2beti* pi. of ubeti.
mali ya .
jibidisha. exert oneself, make a special

chest, swagger, appl. benulia. caus. advertise. — ya nje. foreign trade. —
effort. Cf. bidii.
benusha. Cf. mbenuko, mbinu. ya nchi(ni). domestic trade.
3beti* [.Engl, belt ?] (ma-) (cartridge)
pouch. bid i i* (— ) exertion, effort; diligence,

benusha caus. of benua. bibi*, bi LPers.J (ma-) 1. madam, miss
industry; energy, activity, alacrity,
(term of polite address); lady, mistress
betri*, beteri [.Engl.] (-) elec. battery. fanya — . exert oneself, display energy,
bepari* &nd. ] (ma-) rare (dishonest) (of a household). — mkubwa. madam
kwa — . diligent, energetic, industrious.
merchant; hoarder, monopolist. Cf. (showing a higher degree of respect
beua scorn, disdain, despise; disregard, Cf. bidi.
kibepari, ubepari. than bibi alone). — harusi, bride.
slight; detest, abhor; displease, offend.
2. grandmother. Cf. kibibi.
appl. beulia. caus. beusha. bighairi* ya..., baghairi ya... without,
bera despise, scorn, disdain; treat dis-
except, apart from. Cf. ghairi.
dainfully, contemptuously. bibidia show contempt (by protruding the
beusha caus. of beua.
lower lip).
bihi* 1. forego, renounce, abdicate;
beramu* [Port.] (-) flag. (
= bendera.)
beza think little of, scorn, despise; disre- revoke, repudiate, withdraw. 2. forgive
biblia* [Port.] (-) Bible. Cf. agano.
gard, slight, neglect. Cf. bezo, mbezi. (a debt, etc.).
berenge* (ma-) rare, railway car. Cf.
kiberenge. bibo* [Port. J (— ) bibo (cashew fruit).

bezo (ma-) scorn, contempt (usually of words bikari* (— ) compass (for drawing circles).
Cf. mbibo.
or admonitions). Cf. beza.
beresati* [lnd.1 (-) beresati (kind of
bikira* (ma-) 1. virgin, virginity. 2. some-
cloth). bichboi* [Engl.] ( — ) beach boy (who
p-cp. uy, thing untouche
assists passengers in the harbor).
biki ri, u bikira.
Cf. bila, bilashi, binafsi, bismillahi.
bereu* [Port.] (-, ma-) 1. orig.
mixture of oil and lime for caulking

2bi see bibi.
boats. 2. mod. tar, asphalt, pitch.
bikiri 32 binada binafsi 33 bisho
bikiri* deflower, pass, bikiriwa. Cf. bilisi* 1. tempt, entice; stir up, incite. binafsi* Lbi + nafsij 1. adv. personally, biriani (-) see birinzi.
bikira. 2. (— ) temptation, enticement, coll. by myself, etc. Mimi nimefika hapa kwa
ana — ya mpira. He is a fanatical foot- matembezi yangu binafsi. have come Birigiji* \_Fr. Belgique]
I 1. adj. Belgian.
bila* prep, without. — ruhusa (udhuru). ball fan. 3. (— ) see ibilisi. here on my own personal business. Kongo — . Belgian Congo. 2. sing.
without permission (excuse). — idadi. 2. n. personality (
= ubinafsi). birigiji (a kind of cloth of a light
without number, numberless. — kusita. Ibiliwili (— ) biliwili (kind of fish). brownish yellow color).
constantly. Cf. bilashi. binamu* [bin + "âmu] (— ) cousin.
2 biliwili (-) hot. thistle. birika* (ma-) 1. (metal) vessel for water.
biladia* (— ) (anything relating to a) town. Hinda* [ind. ] (ma-) hot. okra, lady's- 2. kettle. 3. tank, cistern.
billahi* see bilahi. finjrer (Hibiscus caculr.nt.iis ',
bilahi*, billahi! inter j. by Allah! birimbi* [Port.l (-) see bilimbi.
bilula*, bulule [.At. ?] (-, ma-) (water-) ^binda* [Engl. J bind, hem, enclose.
bilashi*, bileshi adv. in vain, for biringa see viringa.
faucet, tap.
nothing, gratuitously, alimpiga — He .
bindo (ma-) see kibindo.
struck him without reason. Cf. bila. insurance. — ya biringani*, biringanya (— ma-) see
bima* [ind. ] (-) 1. ,
maisha. life-insurance. — ya kitaifa ya bingiria roll (a stone, etc.) intr, bingi-

bilingani.
bilau* (-) [Pers.] pilau (rice boiled
afya. national health insurance, mwenye rika. caus. bingirisha.
with meat).. Cf. pilau. — insurance agent. 2. lottery, birinzi*, biriani [Pers.[\ (— ) birinzi
kupiga .
raffle, fanya — . organize a lottery. bingwa 1. (ma-) capable/competent

(highly spiced dish of meat and rice).
bilauli* (-) see bilauri.
—
cheza . hold a lottery, take a chance person (worker); specialist, expert.
bisari (— ) bisari (annual edible plant).
in a lottery. 2. adj. capable, competent. Cf. ubingwa.
bilauri*, bilauli (-) glass, crystal;
drinking-glass. bimbashi (rank bisbis* (-) see bisibisi.

bimbashi* [Turk.l (-) mil. bini* 1. forge, hammer. 2. forge, counter-
of noncommissioned officer). feit, fake. Cf. mbini, ûbini.
bildi* (-) 1. naut. (sounding) lead, tia bisha 1. knock, rap (on a door). — mlango
(piga) — . take soundings. 2. -weight
bimbiriza flame up, flare up. ass. bimbiri- (hodi). ask admittance. 2. resist,
binti* (ma-) 1. daughter (only in proper
(of a clock). zana. quarrel with each other, provoke/ — oppose; quarrel. 3. joke, jest. 4. naut.
names. Ali. Daughter of Ali.
exasperate each other. tack. ass. bishana. argue, dispute,
2. forming names of certain birds and
bileshi* see bilashi. quarrel (with each other); tease (each
plants. — Athmani/Ali. (varieties of)
bimbirizana ass. of bimbiriza. other). Cf. bishi, bisho, mabishano,
cassava. — Chuma. Kersten's weaver
bilimbi*, birimbi {.Port.'] (-) bilimbi *mbishi, ubishi.
finch (
= kinanda).
(fruit of the cucumber tree). Cf. son (only proper names).
bin* (— ) in
mbilimbi. bin Zaid. Son of Zaid. Cf. binadamu, bishaushi* [.Turk. ?]
binua see benua. (ma-) sergeant.
binamu, ûbini.
bilingani*, biringani, biringanya (— , ma-)
binya pinch, nip, tweak. bishi adj. 1. quarrelsome; nagging,
(fruit of the) eggplant. Cf. mbilingani. binadamu* (-) (bin + adamu) human being, grumbling, fault-finding; obstinate.
man; fellow. Cf. kibinadamu, ubinadamu. 2. humorous, fun-loving.
binzari* (— ) spice, {us. -) curry powder. Cf. bisha.
bilioni* [Engl.1 (ma-) billion.
biri* Llnd. J (— ) tobacco leaf (rolled up bisho (-) 1. blow, knock (on the door).
for smoking). 2. naut. tacking, upepo ya — . head

wind. Cf. bisha.
boji 35 bonyea
bisi 34 boi
boji* (— ) 1. intoxicating beverage, new bombwe (ma-) 1. carving, sculpture,
roasted/ bluu* see buluu.

beer. 2. oatmeal porridge. ornament. 2. pattern, model, kata
bisi* [? ] (— ), mbisi (mi-)
parched corn, maize; popcorn. mabombwe. carve figures/ornaments.
boba rare bind, tie.
bokhari* (— ) see bohari.
bisibisi*, bisbis [ind. ?1 (-) screw- bomoa break down, tear down, demolish;
driver, wrench. bobari* (— ) chisel, gouge , (= ngabu.) boko (ma-) augment, of kiboko. break through, pierce. — ukuta. tear
down/pierce a wall. appl. bomolea.
biskiti* (— ) see biskuti. bobo* (— ) see popoo. bokoa 1. penetrate forcibly; decompose, intr. bomoka. caus. bomosha. Cf.
disintegrate; break in, invade. 2. have bomoko, mbomoshi.
biscuit, boboka talk indiscreetly, blabber, let the a good harvest.
biskuti*, biskiti [Engl. J (-)
cracker. cat out ol the bag. bomoko (ma-) (us. pi.) I. (act of) destroy-
bokoboko — ) ( something soft/gelatinous: ing/demolishing, destruction. 2. col-
in the name of Allah! 1. a kind of meat pie. 2. a variety of lapse, landslide. 3. ruins. Cf. bomoa.
bismillahi!* inter], Ibodi* [.Engl. J (— ) body (of an automo-
Cf. simile.
banana. 3. a kind of sugarcane.
bile).
bomolea appl. of bomoa.
bitana* (— ) thin fabric, lining (of cloth- bokoka fall off, come loose, come off
^bodi* [Engl. J (— ) board. — ya taifa.
ing). (button, etc.); be separated/detached. Ibomu (ma-) 1. id. a loud noise (shot,
national board.
drum). 2. rare a kind of dance.
bitarehe see tarehe. boma* LPers. J (ma-) 1. pile of earth/

bodoa obs. see jibodoa.
stones; mound, wall; palisade, en- 2bomu*, bom [Engl. J (ma-) bomb. — la
closure. 2. fort, fortress, fanya (tia)
biti see bichi.
bofu (ma-) {augment, of kibofu) 1. anat. atomiki. atom bomb. — la kutoa moslii.
— . fortify, enclose, fence in. 3. (govern-
smokepot.
bladder. 2. fig. balloon.
bivu adj. ripe (of fruits); cooked, well ment) administrative office. 4. rare
done. Cf. iva, ubivu.

framework {of a house). 5. stable {for bonas* [Engl. bonus, premium,
bofulo* [.Port. ?J sing. (European type } {—)
cattle). 6. fig.: — kubwa. mainstay. prize, dividend.
of) bread.
biwi (ma-) heap, pile (of weeds, leaves,
refuse). bomba* [Port. J (— ma-)
, 1. (water) pump.
bonde (ma-) valley, hollow, low ground.
bofya caus. of bopa.
2. (large) pipe. — la mafuta. petroleum — la mto. river bed.
bizari* (-) 1. seed, grain (of pepper, pipeline, mabomba. piping. 3. (water)
boga (ma-) pumpkin, gourd. Cf. mboga.
coriander, etc.). 2. (pi.) curry powder. tap, faucet. 4. chimney, smokestack, bonge (ma-) 1. clod (of earth); ball (of
stack (of a ship). 5. med. syringe, yarn). 2. pharm. {us. kibonge) tablet.
bohara* (ma-) see bohora.
bizi* [Engl.'] adj. busy. hypodermic needle.
bohari*, bokhari (— , ma-) 1. storehouse, bongo (ma-) coll. brain, hana — He

. is
bizimu* (-) 1. buckle. 2. brooch, clasp, bombo* sing. 1.: suruali — . short, baggy stupid. Cf. ubongo.
warehouse; large store, department store.
fastener. (
= kifungo.) trousers. 2. see bom bom 2.
2. rare chronicle, annals.
bong'oa 1. bend down, stoop, bow. 2. fig.
blangeti* see blanketi. bombom*. bombomu [Engl. J (— ) 1.. 'bomb, show one's respect for someone.
bohora*, bohara Und.j (ma-) member of the
shell, (mzinga wa) — machine gun.
.
Bohora (sect of Indian Moslems).

blanketi*, blangeti, bulangeti [.Engl. J 2. {also bombo) (homa ya) — dial., med. . bonyea be soft/yielding, yield to pressure,
(ma-) blanket. (ma-) boy, house-servant, influenza, grippe, pneumonia. give way. caus. bonyeza, bonyesha.
boi* [.Engl. ]
waiter.
36 bubu 37 bui
bonyeza buba
squeeze out (also fig., of examinations bovu adj. 1. bad, spoiled, decayed, un-
Ibubu, bubwi 1. (ma-) mute person. bufuu, bupu, bupura, bupuru (ma-) empty
etc.: 'put through the wringer'). wholesome. 2. fig. unhealthy; worthless,
2. adj. dumb, mute. Cf. ububu.
shell/husk. — la kichwa. skull.
unreliable, mtu mbovu. unreliable person.
bonyeza caus. of bonyea. Cf. ubovu.
^bubu (ma-) anat. buga 1. hunt for, gather, collect, glean.
nipple.
2. sponge, cadge.
boosa rare be lame. boya* LPort.J (ma-) naut. buoy.
bubujika, buguika 1. gush/stream out,
buge (ma-) person or animal missing a
foam up, burst out. maji yanabubujika.
bopa 1. be soft to the touch, feel soft boza* LPers.j (— ) 1. intoxicating beverage,
finger or toe.
2. narcotic.
The water gushes out. — maneno.
(fruit,, sores), ndizi zikibopa zimeiva. beer.
burst out with a flood of words. 2.
When the bananas feel soft they are bughudha* (-) 1. aversion, dislike, repug-
burst, explode. Cf. bubujiko.
ripe. 2. sink in, become hollow, caus. bozi* 1. (ma-) fool, idiot, useless person.
nance, abhorrence, hatred, hostility.
bofya. Cf. bopo. 2. red.: bozibozi adj. stupid, useless.
2. slander, calumny. Cf. bughudhi.
bubujiko (ma-) spring (of water). Cf.
Cf. ubozi.
bubujika.
bopo (ma-) hole, pit, groove, furrow; dent, bughudhi*, bughudhu hate, abhor; insult,
depression. Cf. bopa. bozibozi see bozi 2.
slander. Cf. bughudha.
buburusha 1. scrape, scratch, paw (of
bradha* LEngl.J, bruda* {.Germ. A (wa-) animals). 2. push, shove, ass.

bora* adj. excellent, first-class; best.
bughudhu* see bughudhi.
— The best thing is good health. rel. brother. buburushana. watu walibuburushana.
afya.
The people were pushing and shoving
Cf. ubora. bugia, bwakia, bwia bite off, put into the
brashi*, burashi LEngl.l (— ) brush, piga (each other).
month. Cf. mbuge, ubuge.
^bori* CPers.J (— ) 1. bowl of a pipe.
— . to brush.
bubuta rare strike, hit. Cf. buta.
2. dial, (ma-) fruit of the mkunazi tree. bugu (ma-) flexible twig/wand (used for
breki* {Engl. J (— ) brake (of automobile,
weaving baskets).
etc.). tia (piga) — . put on the brake. bubwi (ma-) see bubu.
^bori* (— ) see buri.
buguika see bubujika.

bruda* [.Germ. J (wa-) see bradha. buchari* Und. J (— ) (large) knife.
boriti* {.Port. ?] (-, ma-) 1. (mangrove)
post. 2. (in gen.), post, beam, girder. buheri*: — wa afya. recovery (of health,
bua (ma-) hot, stem, stalk (millet, maize, budaa become lumpy (soup, etc.).
after an illness). Cf. heri.
grass).
borohoa* LPers.l (-) native dish of
buddi (— ) see budi.
cooked beans. buhumu* (ma-) anat. lung. (= pafu, pumu.)
buabua cut/hew/slice (a little off the top
of something). budhara* (— ) extravagance. Cf. badhiri.
boromoka intr. of poromoa. buhuri* (— ) 1. incense; fumigation.
2. steam bath (for invalids).
buana (— ma-) , see bwana. budi*, buddi, abudi ( — ) way out, loophole,
boronga 1. botch, bungle, do sloppy work.
evasion, alternative, usually in neg.
2. confuse, throw into disorder. Cf. bui (— ) 1- large spider, tarantula. 2. mchezi
buathi see baathi. expressions: hapana — . There is no
borongo. wa — . children's game (a kind of hide-andi
alternative. One must...
seek). Cf. buibui.
buba (ma-) med. frambesia, yaws.
borongo (ma-) disorder, confusion, bueta (ma-) see bweta.
muddle, mess. Cf. boronga.

buibui 38 bunda bunde 39
buibui (— , ma-) 1. spider, utando wa — bumba, pumba (ma-) 1. lump, heap. — la

bunde — empty coconut. z buni*
)
(
1. construct, put together, arrange;
spider's web, cobweb. 2. buibui (a nyuki. swarm of bees. 2. package, pack,
write (fiction). — kitabu. write a book.
black veil for women). Cf. bui. — la sigara. pack of cigarettes.
bundi (— , ma-) ornith. (species of) owl. 2. invent; fabricate, start false rumors.
— maneno. fabricate statements, appl.
bujua press out, squeeze out. bumbi (— ) bot. kind of salad herb, cress
bunduki* ( — ) gun, rifle, piga — . shoot. bunia. Cf. ^mbuni.
(Barbarea vulgaris).
elekeza — . aim. — ya marisaa. shotgun.
buka (— ) rare care, worry, grief.
— ya midomo miwili. double-barreled bunju (— ) round, inedible fish. prov.
bumbuasa adj. lumpy.
gun. — ya kupigia vifaru. antitank gun. mimi — akili yangu kichwani. I am like
^Buki, Bukini Madagascar, komba wa —
,
— ya mtombo. machine gun. — ya nusu a bunju, I am clever. (

= I overcome all
lemur. Cf. Mbuki. bumbuaza 1. confuse/perplex someone,
mtombo. su hmarhinp pun.
cause someone discomfort. 2. startle,
^buki (ma-) kidney. (- nso, figo.)
frighten, astonish. 3. drive a person into
bunga adj.: mtu — . feeble-minded/foolish/ bunta* [.Engl.] (— ) pontoon, landing-
a corner; disconcert, embarrass. Cf.
Bukini see *Buki. silly person. stage, pier.
bumbuazi.
Bungala* geogr. Bengal, mpunga (muhogo)

Ibuku (ma-) large rat (Cricetomys confusion, consterna- *bunzi (ma-) large stinging fly,
bumbuazi (— ma-) ,
wa — . Bengal rice, manioc.
gambianus). tion, dismay, embarrassment, perplexity.
shikwa na — . be perplexed/dismayed. ^bunzi (ma-) see gunzi.
bunge sing, parliament. Cf. mbunge.
^buku [.Engl. J rare (large) book. Cf. bumbuaza.
(= kitabu.) bupu (ma-) see bufuu.
*bungo (— ) bungo (small dish).
bumbura* \_lnd. J (— ) edible sea-fish;
bukua uncover, discover, reveal (secret, dried fish. bupura, bupuru (ma-) see bufuu.
scandal), appl. bukulia. intr. bukuka. ^bungo (ma-) bot. bungo (fruit of the
bumburuka be startled, be scared away; rubber liana).

Cf. mbukulia, ubukuzi. ^buraa* (— ) buraa (Arab garment).
run away, bolt. caus. bumburusha.
see blanketi. start up, scare away (birds). bungu (— ) 1. a stinging insect which bores
bulangeti* (ma-) ^buraa* (— forgiveness, exemption.
) Cf.
holes in wood. 2. kind of caterpillar.
burai.
district (of a city). bumbwi (— ) see bwimbwi. Cf. bungua.
buldani*, beled (-)
buraha* (— ) rest, comfort. Cf. burahi.

buli* LPort.l (ma-) teapot. bumia* [.Pers. ?J (— ) naut. sternpost (of bungua bore (of insects which bore holes
a native boat). in wood), intr. bunguka. be eaten away
burahi* rest, make oneself comfortable,
— embroidered by insects (wood, grain). Cf. bungu.
bulibuli* (— ): kofia ya take easy.
it Cf. buraha.
white cap. bumunda (ma-) bumunda (dumplings made
of flour and bananas). bunguu (ma-) large earthenware cooking-
burai* forgive, remit (debts); release,
see bilula. pot.
bulula (— , ma-) absolve (from obligations); vindicate,
bunda* \_Engl.1 (ma-) 1. bundle, package.
exculpate, acquit, appl. buraia. Cf.
buluu*, biuu, kibuluu L.Engt.. _i j.. adj. — la tumbaku (ehai). a package of tobacco lbur.i* (-) coffee-bean, coffee. Cf.
^buraa.
blue. 2. sing, bluing, bleach. (tea). — la noti. a bundle of banknotes. tnbuni.
2. bale. 3. knot. buraia appl. of burai.
bumani* (— ) building, structure.
.
burangeni 40 busha bushashi 41 bweha
burangeni* (-) see barangeni. to planting). 3. fig. confuse, complicate bushashi* (— ) bushashi (thin cotton fabric buyuka burst, explode; open up (of an
similar to muslin). (
= shashi.) ulcer).
(affairs), ass. -caus. buruganya. mix
burashi* (— ) see brashi. together. Cf. mburugo; also vuruga.
bushti* (— , ma-) see bushuti. buza* (— ) intoxicating beverage (made
burda* (— ) see buruda. buruganya ass. -caus. of buruga. with honey).

bushuti*, bushti (— , ma-) bushuti (Arab
bure* adv. 1. for nothing, free of charge, buruhani* (— ) 1. test, evidence, proof. cloak). bwabwaja, bwata id. talk confusedly/
gratis. 2. uselessly, without purpose, 2. power of efficacious prayer. meaninglessly.

fruitlessly, in vain, fanya kazi — , do bustani* LPers.J (— ) (flower) garden (us.
work to no purpose. 3. without cause/ a small plot in the back yard, for raising bwaga 1. throw off/down. 2. -fig. free one-
Ihuruii* (— ) arch-, battlement.
reason, tukana — scold/swear
. without flowers or vegetables). self of something. — moyo. free the
reason. 4. rashly, frivolously, sema heart, be comforted. 3. fig., sport.:

2 buruji* [Engl. bugle.
?.] (-)
maneno ya — make
. rash statements. busu* LAr., Pers.l 1. (-) kiss. 2. to Wanderers iliwabwaga Brazil kwa mabao
kiss. appl. busia. appl.-ass, busiana. matatu. The Wanderers defeated (the)
Cf. ubure.
buruma* (— ) water-pipe, hookah. ( = kikororo.)
busiana mikono. kiss each other's Brazil (team) by three goals. Cf. mbwago.
buri*, bori (— ) buri (medium-sized hands.

burunga make balls of earth/clay. bwakia 1. put/toss into the mouth (e.g.,
elephant tusk).
busuri* take care, be careful; worry. nuts, tobacco). 2. see bugia, bwia.
burura, buruta 1. pull, haul, drag. 2. fan
buriani* (— ) leave-taking, farewell (only
(a fire), mama anaburuta moto. Mother bvvakua tear away, take away by force;
before a journey of some length), peana buta, puta rare strike, hit. Cf. bubuta.
is fanning the fire. (- pepea). Cf. snatch.
— . take leave, say farewell, agana — fig.
kiburuta, maburuzo, mburuzo.
exchange farewells. butaa* (— ) surprise, amazement.
bwana, buana (— ma-) , 1. sir, Mr. (term of
buruta see burura.
buru (ma-) rare calabash (used for churn- butu 1. {ma-) stump, stub. 2. adj. dull, address), bwana mkubwa. sir (showing
ing butter). obtuse, kisu — . a dull knife, pembetatu a higher degree of respect than bwana
busa* (— ) busa (Arab beer, made of barley — alone, but sometimes humorous or con-
. an obtuse-angled triangle, fig. dull-
and millet). temptuous, especially when used of
buruda*, burda, burudai (— ) Isl. prayer witted, feeble-minded. Cf. butua, kibu-
(in distress, illness, etc.). Cf. baridi,

butu, ubutu. women). 2. owner, proprietor. — shamba.
busara* {rare tabasuri) (— ) 1. sense, landlord; supervisor of a shamba; (some-
burudi.
prudence, sagacity, foresight, astute- times used in a derogatory way to refer
butua 1. cut off, knock off (the end of
ness, skill, adroitness, tumia — . act
amputate. to the former) colonial landowners.
burudai* (— ) see buruda. something), dull. 2. fig.
shrewdly, astutely, leta — . display
3. arch. — arusi. bridegroom. 4.: —
Cf. butu.
sagacity. 2. intention, plan. 3. trick,
be cool/cold, usually buru- shauri. administrative officer (Tangan-
burudi* intr.:
stratagem.
be soothed, appeased, paci- yika). 5. rel. Lord. Cf. kibwana, ubwana.
dika. fig. *buu! inter j. Be quiet!
fied, caus. burudisha (also tabaradi,
busati* (— ma-) (kind of) mat (used chief-
tabaridi, tabarudu). cool, refresh; calm,
,
bwata see bwabwaja.
ly in mosques). ^buu (ma-) zool. grub, maggot, larva.
sooth, appease, Cf. baridi, maburudisho.
bwawa (ma-) swamp, fen, bog, quagmire.
busha*, fusha ( — ) 1. mil. wad, swab. buyu (ma-) 1. bot. buyu (fruit of the
buruga 1. stir up, mix (foods). 2. turn up
2. med. elephantiasis of the scrotum. baobab). 2. calabash (made from the
bweha, mbweha (— jackal.
the ground (hoe, weed, etc., preparatory )
shell of the fruit). Cf. mbuyu, ubuyu.

bweka 42 3hacht chacha 43 chafu
bweka bark (of dogs), appl. bwekea. bwenzi (— ) tuft of hair (left on top of the
^chacha turn sour, ferment, foam; (fig.) chache adj. 1, little, few; insufficient,
bark mbweko. be angry, caus. chachisha. make sour; incomplete; unimportant. 2. distant,
at. Cf. shaven head).
(fig.) challenge, provoke someone, remote. 3. rare, scarce. Cf. uchache.
bvveshu (ma-) unpleasant, ill-disposed inv. chachua. allow something to
person. ferment, inv. -intr. chachuka. = chacha. chachi* (— ) see shashi.

bwende (ma-) bwende (garment worn by chachu, uchachu.
Cf,
those working in the fields). chachia 1. be difficult, complicated; be
bvveta*, bueta L Port. J (ma-) small box,
case. chachachika be pounded/crushed. too much. 2. confuse, involve in dif-
ficulties, pass, chachiwa.
bweni (— ) 1. sleeping quarters of un- bwimbwi, bumbwi (— , ma-) bwimbwi (rice- chachaga wash (clothes).
married young men chachiii (ma-) ignorant person; timid person.

or girls. 2. sport flour mixed with sugar and coconut milk;
junior team. 3. boarding-school pupil. eaten uncooked). chachaniza see chachawiza.
chachu (— ) leaven, yeast, -a — , sour.
chachari (ma-) {usually machachari) Cf. chacha.
1. unrest, excitement, restlessness.

chachua inv. of '^chacha.
2. stubbornness, obstinacy. 3. diffi-
culty.
CH ^chachuka surge, roll, heave (of the sea).
chacharika, chachatika 1. tingle, sizzle.
— "^chachuka inv. -intr. of chacha.

T:ha conn. ki-/ch- class: kitabu late. appl. -pass. -caus. chelewesha. 2. insist strongly, persist. 3. gesticu-
mwanafunzi. the pupil's book. let someone wait. Cf. ^chelezo, ki- late. 4. run quickly back and forth.
ehadi* see jadi, ^jadi, jadi.
chea, *kucha, macheo, uchao, uchea- appl. chacharikia.
chea, uchelewaji.
^cha fear, be afraid of; tremble, appl.
*chal'i, tasi (— ) chafi (kind of fish).
chea. double appl. chelea. intr.
chachatika see chacharika.
^cha see ja.
cheka. caus. chesha. ass. chana.
chachawa 1. jump, leap; be delighted, ^-chafi (— ) chafi (kind of insect).
Cf, kicho, macheleo, mcha, mchea,
mchelea, uchaji. ^chaa (— ) chaa (edible sea-fish). enjoy oneself. 2. emulate someone,
make a strong effort. chafia see chafya.
''cha dawn, become light, kunakucha. It ^chaa (— ) group of people who cultivate
chachawi ( — ) confused speech. *chafu adj. 1. dirty, unclean. 2. fig.
is growing light. Day is breaking. land in common.
indecent, obscene. Cf. chafua,
appl. chea. double appl. chelea.
chachawiza {rare chachaniza) interrupt/ uchafu.
double appl. -caus. cheleza. cause to "'chaa (— ) dial, cattle-pen.
disturb someone (with noises). Cf.
remain (all night, for a long time), de-
chachawizo.
chewa. be surprised/over-
^chafu (— ) chafu (basket, pannier).
lay, pass,
chacha ( — ) chacha (kind of grass which
taken by sunrise, caus. chesha. re-
grows in damp places), chachawizo (ma-) 1. noise. 2. inter-
main until morning, tumechesha tukii- •^chafu (ma-) see shavu.
mbi. We sang the whole night through.

?hach£
appl.-pass. chelewa. oversleep, be ^chacha be stormy (of the sea).
)
chafuE 44 chaka chaka 45
chafua 1. soil, pollute; spoil; (fig.) dis- chagina 1. (— ) brave, courageous person; chakaa grow old, be worn out/used up/ chakua 1. stir (foods). 2. chew.
turb, disarrange; ruin, destroy. bold, daring, impudent person. 2. adj. exhausted; use up, wear out. appl. 3. clean the teeth. 4.: — matakataka.
2. smoke, blacken. 3. be disorderly, brave; bold, audacious, impudent. chakalia. caus. chakaza. use up, (of fowl) peck, pick up (grains).
messy. 4. surge, be rough (of the spend, consume. Cf. chakavu.
sea), appl. chafulia. intr. chafuka. chagiza caus. of chaga. chakubimbi (vi-) liar, slanderer.
bahari ilichafuka saga. The sea was chakaazi (— ) hot. a succulent tree
very rough, caus. chafusha. Cf. Ichago (-, ma-) (also mchago, uchago) (Euphorbia tirucalle). chakugea, chakogea (yyakugea) bathtub.
chafu, chafuko, machafuko, mchafuko, head end of a bedstead, (<cha kogea; cf. oga.)
mchafuzi, uchafuko, uchafuzi. chakacha 1. rustle (of grass, when one

^chago ( — ) land-crab. walks through it), crackle, murmur. chakula (vyakula) food, nourishment,
chafuka intr. of chafua. — menoni. gnash the teeth. 2. crush, victuals; something edible. — cha
grind. Cf. chakarisha, mchakacho, asubuhi (mchana, jioni). breakfast
chagua 1. seek out, select, choose.
chafuko (ma-), mchafuko (mi-) 1. unrest, - kwa pol. elect. 3. distort,
uchakacho. (lunch, dinner), vyakula vikavu.
kura. 2.
disorder, movement; crisis. — wa food (as opp. to drink). ( <cha kula;

deform; be unjust/unfair/prejudiced.
kilimwengu. international crisis. chagulia. caus. chaguza. chakari 1. adv. much, very, to a high cf. Ma.)
appl.
2. naut. wave, surge, surf. Cf. chaguzi, mchagua, mchaguo, degree. 2. fig., coll. be drunk.
Cf.
chafua. alikuwa — He was drunk. chakura 1. scrape, scratch, paw (of
mchaguzi, uchaguzi. .
horses). 2. fig. search carefully,
chafulia appl. of chafua. chakarisha, charakisha frighten, startle, spy. Cf. mchakuro.
chagulia appl. of chagua.
start (game); make a rustling sound
chafuo (-) tsetse fly (= mbungo.) caus. of chagua. (in dry grass). Cf. chakacha. chakuzidishwa (vy-) math., multiplicand.
chaguza
< cha kuzidishwa; zidi.)
( cf.
chafusha caus. of chafua. fastidious, critical. chakavu, chakafu adj. old, worn-out,
chaguzi adj.
chagua. shabby, ragged. Cf. chakaa. ^chale (— , ma-) cut, scratch; tattooing
sing, sneezing, piga Cf.
chafya, chafia
(tribal marks), chanja — . tattoo.
(enda) — . to sneeze.
chai* LChin.-Ar.l (-) tea (the bever- chakaza caus. of chakaa. Cf. uchale.
age). Cf. mchai.

1 chaga 1. be excited/startled. 2. begin
chake see -ake. chale: — cha pwani. sea-urchin.
something (work). 3. emulate (some-
chaji* lEng.l (-) charges, expenditure,
one). 4. be prevalent (disease, etc.). chakeleti* (— ) see chokoleti.
cost. ^chale (— ) chale (kind of fish).
caus. & int. chagiza. annoy, pester,
be insistent; press one's point; be chaki* [ Engl. (— see choki.

J
Ichaka (ma-) 1. hot season (December to chali, chani, tani adv., arch, backwards,
talkative/garrulous.
February). 2. heat, blazing sun. on the back, lala — . lie on one's
chakleti* (— ) see chokoleti.
back. Cf. kichali.
^chaga pi. of uchaga. ^chaka (ma-) thicket, bushes, under-
growth; clump of trees. chako see -ako.

chama (vyama) 1. association, society,
chagernati* Llnd.'] chagernati (bleached
club. — cha biashara. business
cotton cloth). chakogea (vyakogea) see chakugea.
company. — cha ushirika. cooperative.
chamanda 46 chanaba chande changamka
2. organization, party. — cha wafanya chamka 1. be repeated, recur (of lehanda (ma-) chanda (leaf of the coco- take apart, dissect; analyse. Cf.
kazi. labor union, trade union. — cha disease). 2. open up, break (wounds, nut palm). changamano, *chango, kichango,
siasa. political party, utawala wa — abscesses). Cf. chamko. kichangany iko, machanganyiko,
kimoja. — cha Msalaba
one-party rule. chanda (vyanda) arch, finger, toe.
machanganyo, mchanganuo,
- kidole.)
Mwekundu. Red Cross Society. — Kikuu chamkano (ma-) 1. separation, division, ( Only in the prov. chanda mchanganyaji, mchanganyiko,
fraction; section, de- na kidole. stick together = be in-
cha Dunia. United Nations Organiza- partition. 2. (
mchanganyo, ''mchango, uchanganuo.
tion. partment. separable like fingers or toes).
changa 1. chop up (firewood, etc.).

chamanda* (— ) see jamanda. chamko ( — ) return, repetition; recurrence, chandalua*, chandarua, tandarua, jandaru
2. fig. damage, injure; cause pain.
relapse (diseases). Cf. chamka. L Ind J . ( — vvandalua)
, (protective)
covering: 1. mosquito-net. 2. tar-
Ichamba (vyamba) 1. hot. bark (of a tree).
changa, janga adj. young, immature,
championi* LEngl.J (ma-) sport cham- paulin, awning, canopy. 3. hood
2. anat. cornea. Cf. amba.
undeveloped, in an early stage of
pion. (of an automobile).
growth, mwezi mchanga. new moon.
chamba wash (esp. after using the Cf, 2 ucnan
g a=
chamshakinywa (vy-) see kiamshakinywa. chandarua* ( — ) see chandalua.
toilet), caus, chambiza. wipe up.
chamvi see chambi. chando ( — ) kind of dance; dance-step. changamana stat.-ass. of ^changa.
chambi, chamvi (— ) movement in dancing,
dance-step. changamano tangamano)
chamvua see chambua. chane ( — ) 1. strip of leaf (for weaving {dial, (ma-)
mats). 2, bundle. C f. chana. union, association; connection,

chambo (vyambo) 1. bait, lure. prov.
contact; mixture, blend. Cf. ^changa.
Ichana (— ) bundle; cluster, bunch
mtego bila — haunasi. A trap without
1
(of large fruits).
changa 1. bring together, gather, col-
bait catches nothing. 2. fig. tempta-
changamfu adj. gay, cheerful, good-
lect; recruit (soldiers). — fedha. col-
tion. Cf. âmba. humored, amiable; enlivening,
lect (voluntary contributions of) money,
^chana (— ) larva of the bee. Cf. jana.
animating, encouraging. Cf. changam-
take up a collection. 2. shuffle
chambua, chamvua 1. clean (fruits, meat);
ka, uchangamfu.
(cards), caus. changisha, changiza.
husk, shell (grain, beans); pull off,
^chana separate, slit, split, cleave, cut
ass. changana. ass. -caus. changanya.
pluck out, tease (fibers). 2. fig. up, dissect, kitambaa. tear cloth. changamka {dial, chanjamka) 1. wake
gather, assemble; mix, mingle; jumble,
criticize, appl. chambulia. Cf. ambua. — miyaa. slit leaves (for plaiting). up (from sleep). 2. be gay/cheerful/
confuse, changanya maneno. jumble
— nywele. comb the hair. intr. merry; look happy, caus. changamsha,
words, ass. -double caus. changanyisha.
chambulia appl. of chambua. chanika. be torn/cut up. inv. chanua. chanjamsha. 1. wake someone up.
ass. -caus. -intr. changanyika. be mixed/
comb, smooth out; loosen, detach. 2. please, make happy, cheer up,
jumbled/confused, ass. -int. changa-
chamburo (— ) flat-nosed pliers (used by inv. -appl. chanulia. inv. -intr. cause pleasure, intr. changamuka,
niza. falsify, forge; produce utter
silversmiths). chanuka. Cf. chane, chanuo, kichane. changanuka, chanjanuka. 1. be awake.
confusion, stat.-ass. changamana
2. fig. be enlightened/progressive.
{dial, tangamana) be in a condition of
chamchela (-) whirlwind; hurricane, amka, changamfu, changamko,
^chana ass. of T;ha. Cf.
mixture; mix with (people); adjoin,
cyclone, tornado. K i c h a n ga Hi s a a , u e u an ga rn i u
border on. inv. changua. take apart,
chanaba* (— ) see janaba. dismember, ass. -inv. changanua.

chamia* rare gather, collect.
changamko 48 chanjo 49 charo
changamko (ma-) (also kichangamko, vi-) ^changua chano (vyano) 1. wooden trough, board — magazeti. newspapers,
inv. of ^changa. print inv.
1. entertainment, amusement; play, for carrying mortar. 2. serving-tray. chapua. strike; run fast, intr, chapuka.
game. 2. annoyance, nuisance. 3. (— ) blow, stroke; stamp, impression,
^chani see chali.
Cf. changamka. ^chanua inv. of ^;hana. printing; trademark, brand, piga —
stamp, print. Cf. mchapaji, mchapo,
^chani, chanui (— ) sea-urchin, sea-
changamsha caus. of changamka. uehapaji, uchapishaji.
^chanua unfold, open (of buds).
porcupine.
changaniza ass. -int. of changa.

= chanuo.) chanui see ^chani. chapa ad], many, numerous,
chania (— ) rare comb. (
changanua ass.-inv. of changa. .-_.. -/3 chitiia.

chanuk . uj "-"chapa, chapara very drunk.
chanikiwiti adj., rare see janikiwiti. tie
changanya ass. -caus. of changa.

chanulia inv.-appl. o/3 c hana. chapara see
basket- ''chapa.
Ichanja (-), kichanja (vi-) 1.
changanyika ass. -caus. -intr. of Changa. work, wickerwork, grill, screen. — ya

chanuo (also shanuo) (— ) 1. wooden chapeo* (— ) see chepeo.
chuma. iron grillwork, wire netting.
changarawe, changawe (— , vi-; us. pi.)
comb (with long teeth). 2. comb
2. stand for storing grain (in a house).
pebbles, gravel. (in gen.). Cf. 3 c hana. chapua inv. of *chapa.
^chanja 1. cut in pieces, cut up; make chanyata 1. cut up, slice (fruits).
changawe (— , vi-) see changarawe. chapuchapu 1. adv. quickly, speedily,
a cut/incision in something. — kuni.
2. wash carefully/gently (fine fabrics). briskly. 2. inter j. hurry up
chop up firewood. 2. fig. inoculate,
Cf. mchanyato.
^chango (— ma-)l. contribution (of money,
,
—
give a hypodermic injection. ndui.
chapukia be delicious/appetizing.
food, etc.). 2. fee, subscription (to a
vaccinate against smallpox, appl.- chanyatia (— ) chanyatia (kind of fish,
newspaper or magazine). 3. recruit-
make cuts each
ass. chanjiana. in
appearing usually in mangrove swamps). chapuo (— ) chapuo (small drum).
ment, levy (of soldiers). Cf. ^changa. conclude
other, chanjiana uchale.
blood-brotherhood. Cf. chanjo, chanzi (ma-, —) see ganzi. chapwa adj. 1. tasteless, insipid, flat.
^chango (— ma-)
, 1. small intestine mchanjo.
2. repulsive, nasty; unpleasant,
= uchengelele). 2. intestinal worm.
(
chanzo (vya-) start, beginning; source;
painful.
chanjamka see changamka. basis, foundation; cat'se. — cha
^chango (vi-) hook, (wooden) peg/pin, dharuba. storm center. Cf. anza.
charahani* (— ) see cherehani.
dowel; cross-beam, railing. Cf. anga. chanjanuka intr. of changamka.
^chao see -ao. charakisha see chakarisha.

chanjari see sanjari.
*changu see -angu.
^chao (— ) naut. roller (used for charaza 1. play (an instrument); dance;
chanje (-) (variety of) crab.
launching). beat time. 2, fig. do something
^changu (— ) changu (small edible fish).
skilfully or energetically.
chanjo (ma-) 1. cut, incision; slit,
"changua (— ) rare wilderness, desert. scratch, gash, slash. 2. inoculation, Ichapa* Lind.?J 1. strike, stamp.
charo (vyaro) caravan, party of travelers.
Cf. jangwa. vaccination. 3. tattooing. Cf. ^chanja. — miguu. stamp the feet, walk
(
= msafara.)
heavily. 2. fig. print, stamp.
charuka 50 chegama chege 51 chele
charuka 1. begin something over again, Icheche, chechi (— , ma-) {and mcheche,
^chege (ma-) see tege. chekenene ( — ) rare, med. sty.
start anew. 2. emulate someone. mi-) small piece, slice (of cassava, = chokea.)
(
etc.). — ya (la) moto. spark, ray.

chege, tege adj. 1. moist, damp, watery.
chasasa (— ) chasasa (kind of pearl). — ya umeme
(la) (stimu). electric
chekerea see
muhogo mchege. watery manioc. 2. fig.
chekelea.
spark. Cf. checha.
feebleminded, inane, stupid, foolish.
chasi (vi-) abundance, plenty, a great
chekeshaji adj. gay, jolly, amusing.
many. ^cheche (— ), kieheche (vi-) a small
chegema see egama. ni mtu mchekeshaji. He is an amusing
animal resembling a mongoose. person. Cf. Icheka.
chasiri* venture, dare, risk. Cf. jasiri.
chego (ma-) see gego.
chechea walk carefully; be lame, limp. cheki* I Engl. J (— ) fin. check.
chata hiss; hum, buzz. stat.-appl. chechemea. be lame, limp.
cheka 1. laugh; smile, grin. 2. (also
caus. chechesha, checheza. support, cheko (— , ma-) laugh, laughter.
chart. appl. chekelea, chekerea) laugh at,
chati* [EregZ.] (_) help someone walk. Cf. Icheka.
deride, mock, tease, caus. chekesha.
chatu (— ) python, boa constrictor. make someone laugh; amuse, stimu-
chechele (— ) forgetfulness, absentminded- chekua dig out.
late. Cf. chekeshaji, cheko, *cheshi,
ness.
kichekesho, kicheko, mchekeshi,
^chavu (— ) rare net. Cf. wavu. chekwa, chekwachekvva
mcheko, mcheshi, ueheshi. adj. many, in
chechemea stat.-appl. of chechea.
great numbers.
^chavu (ma-) see shavu.

chechemua stimulate. cheka intr. of cha.
^chekwa pass, of *cheka.
chawa ( — ) louse, prov. kidole kimoja
caus. of chechea.
chekeamwezi ( — ) ornith. stone curlew.
hakivunji — . A single finger kills no chechesha chekwachekvva see ^chekwa.
louse.
hiccup. chekecha sift, select; shake; reduce,
chechevu, kekevu (— ) chelebi* ( — ) chelebi (kind of light
Cf. chekecheke, mchekecho.
chaza*, shaza [Pers.PJ (-) oyster. pastry).
checheza caus. of chechea.
ehekechea ( — ) ornith. bishop-bird
chazi (— ) hot. (kind of) liana {Cissus chelema adj. watery (of fruit after
chechi (— ) see cheche. (Euplectes hordacea).
rotundifolia). cooking). Cf. mchelema.
cause nausea, intr. chefuka. chekecheke (— ) 1. sieve. 2. fig. re-

sucker-fish. chefua
chazo (— ) ^cheleo (ma-) {usually macheleo)
have a feeling of nausea. Cf.
trenchment, frugality, economy, thrift.
1. fear, terror. 2. fig. awe, rever-
kichefuchefu. Cf. chekecha.
chea appZ. of 4ha, **cha. ence. Cf. cha.
shave shave; cut off, dock, chekehukwa (— ) ornith. golden plover,

object,
chega off,
checha 1. divide, cut up. 2. ^cheleo (ma-) delay, postponement.
dotterel.
clip; cut the hair.
contradict; forbid; criticize. Cf. fig.-, fin. respite, delay of payment.
cheche. Cf. 3 cha.
see egama. chekelea. chekerea anpL of cheka.
chegama
cnelewa
jhel see cha.
. )
chenga 53 cheti
52 chenga
chelewa
bubbling, ^chenga 1. deceive. 2. {— ) excuse, chepeo*, chapeo, chepeu L Port. J (—

2 chelewa rattle (used in dances). chemko (-), mchemko (mi-)
(-)
evasion, piga — sport dribble (European) hat.
seething, effervescence; boiling,
.
chemka. (a football), avoid, dodge.

3 chelewa (-) vein in a leaf. cooking. Cf.
cherahani* (— ) see cherehani.
lEngl.} chengachenga see ^chenga.

1
cheleza see 3 cha. chemne*, chemni, chemli
cheraka* (— ) see jeraha.
(-, ma-) chimney (of a lamp).
chengechenge (vi-) see ^chenga.
2 cheleza unload, discharge cargo (ships).
chemni (-, ma-) see chemne. cherehani*, cherahani, charahani LPers.J
1 chelezo buoy; life-belt; float chengelele (ma-) see jengelele. (— ) small machine. — ya kushonea. sew-
(vyelezo)
(on a fishing-line). Cf. elea. chemsha caus. of chemka.

chengeu (vi-) lampshade. sewn work, fundi — . tailor, shona
sneeze. kwa — . sew with the sewing machine.

2 chelezo (ma-) hindrance, obstacle, chemua
cha. chengo (vyengo) (dwelling-)house, resi- — ya barafu. refrigerator.
disturbance; delay. Cf.
chemuka see chemka. dence; stopping-place, camp; village.
cherehe* LPers.J (— ) grindstone, whet-
chembamba (vyembamba) chembamba
chengua rare tear down, demolish stone.
(a small, thin worm). chemusha caus. of chemka.
(buildings).
chena (kind of haddock). cheruhi* see jeruhi.

grain chena (- )
Ichembe (-) {and kichembe, vi-)
chenji* LEngl.J 1. (— ) substitute.
(cereal, sand), tiny particle. o
chenene (-) (kind of) cricket. fin. change, exchange, fedha ya — chesha caus. of cha.
chembechembe adj. granular, granu-
(small) change. 2. v. to change/
sukari chembechembe. granu-
lated,
rare, usually exchange. cheshi adj. funny, amusing, comical.
cheneo, kieneo (vi-)
lated sugar.
eneo, q.v. Cf. *cheka.
:henu see -enu.
2 chembe (vyembe) point, head (of arrow,
cheneta itch, irritate; become inflamed;
harpoon). Cf. jembe, kijembe. •^cheshi (ma-) see jeshi.
spear,
smart, hurt. chenza (ma-) chenza (kind of Mandarin
orange). Cf. mchenza.
1 rare chisel. chete (— ) dial, market-place, market-
chembeu (vi-)
measure
chenezo, kienezo (vi-)
day.
(measuring-rod, yardstick, tape- cheo (vyeo) 1. rare measure, measure-
2 chembeu (-) anat. diaphragm.
measure, etc.) Cf. enea. ment, dimension(s); scale. 2. fig.
chetezo (— ) incense burner, censer.
rank, degree, status, title; class
chemchemi (-) spring (of water). Cf.
cut/saw/hack/chop (railway), abiria wa — cha kwanza.
Ichenga, shenga 1. chethamu* (— ) see jethamu.
chemka. first-class passenger.
off, split, -kuni. chop firewood. Cf.
effer- mchengo. 2. (-) {also chenge, -; cheti* Llnd.J (— vyeti) 1. chit, note,
chemka, chemuka bubble, seethe, chepe 1. (ma-) rude, ill-bred person.
,
caus. chengechenge, vi-) grain, particle, paper. certificate, receipt, ticket.

vesce, boil; boil over; be hot.
2.
chengachenga. 2. adj. rude, coarse, rough, ill-bred.
chemsha, chemusha. boil/cook
some- chip, shaving, splinter, 3«: — cha njia. passport. 4. testi-
granular, unga
chemko, adv. in small particles, monial, document.
thing, heat (up). Cf.
chepechepe adj. wet, moist, damp,
wa -. flour that is not well ground.
chemchemi. watery. Cf. uchepechepe.
chetu 54 chiku
chikwaya 55 chinjoni
chetu see -etu. chezacheza int. of cheza.

chikwaya (— ) bot.: — dume. Dichapeta- china 1. be late, be delayed, fail to show
lum mosambicense. — jike. Dichape- up. 2. stay on the shelf, find no takers
cheu (— ) 1. ruminating, chewing the cud. chezo (-) game.
1. 2. sport. Cf. chezc talum macrocarpum. (merchandise). 3. (of a girl) fail to
2. belch(ing). Cf. cheua. mchezo.
find a husband at the proper age (the
chimba (dial, timba) 1. dig, excavate. girl is not only disappointed because
cheua 1. chew the cud (cattle). chiazi* (-) mil. cartridge. Cf. ^kiasi. — kisima. dig a well. fig. injure, she has not met the expectations of
2. belch, intr. cheuka. caus. cheusha.
damage, inv. chimbua. inv.-intr. her society, but is actually considered
Cf. cheu, cheuo. chibene (— ) see jibini.
chimbuka. appear, come up (sun, moon). to be delinquent).
inv.-int.(-caus.). chimbuza. force its

1
cheuka dial, boil, bubble. chiboa (— ) rare young dog. Cf. mbwa.
way out, make its appearance, appear chindi (— ) dial, see kindi.
through the clouds (sun). 2. fig. cause

cheuka intr. of cheua. chicha (-, ma-) oilcake (flesh of a ripe
trouble/misfortune (to one's parents). chingirisha pour off (water, etc., gently
coconut after the oil has been pressed = gida.)
Cf. chimbo, chimvu, mchimbaji, so as to leave the sediment). (
cheuo (-) cnA (of ruminants). out).

Cf. cheu, mchimbi, uchimbaji, uchimvi.
cheua. chini 1. (— ) underside, lower part;
chicha coll. very drunk, alikuwa — chimbi (ma-) dial. cook. ground, floor; (euph.) the genital
cheusha caus. of cheua. He was very drunk. organs. — ya utaw ala wa ... under
chimbo, chimbuko (ma-) 1. hole. 2, min. the domination/rule of... 2. adv. be-
cheuzi* (vyeuzi) pair (of shoes, etc.),. chichiri (— ), kijiri (vi-) bribe. shaft, pit. 3. excavation, ditch, low, underneath; on the ground; down-
Cf. ijozi. (~ rushwa, hongo.) trench. Cf. chimba. stairs; at the feet; on foot, enda —
go on foot. — kwa — . very far below,
chewa (-) chewa (large sea-fish; kind of chifu* {.Engl.l (ma-) chief, leader, chimbua inv. of chimba. underground; (fig.) secretly, weka —
rock-cod with very large mouth), coll. chairman. Cf. uchifu. underestimate. 3. —a — . adj. low;
kinywa kama — . very large mouth chimbuko (ma-) 1. see chimbo. inferior, humble. Cf. kichinichini.
(of a person). chigi (-) chigi (a small yellow bird). 2. source; beginning, start.
chinja (dial, tinda) slaughter, cut the

cheyaman* L Engl. J (vyeaman) chair- chika (—) chika (kind of plant: chimbule (— ) chimbule (kind of bird). throat, stick (pigs, etc.). Cf. chinjo,
man. = mwenye Abyssinian dock, sorrel).
( kiti.) chinyango, kichinja, mchinjoni,
chimbuza inv. -int. of chimba. mchinjaji, mchinjo.
cheyo (ma-) see gego chikicha, tikita rare cut (as with a dull
knife), saw away at something. chimvi (ma-) (rare mtimbi, wa-) 1. un- chinjo (ma-) 1. slaughter(ing). 2. fig.
cheza 1. play, amuse oneself; dance; Cf. tikisa. lucky person (with certain peculiari- massacre, carnage, bloodshed.
engage in sports; waste time. 2. set ties which are regarded as bad omens), Cf. chinja.
in motion, start (a mechanism), int. chikichi (— ) bot. palm-nut (fruit of the one who brings misfortune, jinx,
chezacheza. dally, joke. appl. oil-palm). Cf. mchikichi. troublemaker. 2. medicine man (who chinjoni see machinjoni.
chezea. play with; make fun of, tease. prepares charms). Cf. chimba,
intr. chezeka. Cf, chezo, mchcza, chiku (— ) see chiriku. mchimbi, uchimvi.
mchezo, uchezaji.
choka 57 choma
56 chogoe
exhausted; be tired chokocha see chokoa.

chinusi, chunusi (ma-) 1. liter, sea- chirwa (— ) med. rickets (- nyongea). Ichoka grow tired, be
monster, water-sprite, liwa na — . be Cf. chira. of/disgusted with something; be im-

chokochoko (-) difficulty, trouble,
eaten by the sea-monster (i.e., drown). patient. - safari (kazi). be tired of a
lose strength (or good annoyance; dispute, disagreement,

2. (swimmer's) cramp. chisi* (— ) see chizi. trip (job), fig.
provocation. Cf. chokoa.
properties), be exhausted (e.g., the
chinyango (— ) piece of meat (prepared chizi*, chisi LEngl.J (—) cheese. soil), caus. chokesha, chokeza, chosha.
= exhaust, caus.-ass. choshana. chokolea oppZ. of chokoa.
for cooking). Cf, chinja. ( jibini.) tire out,
tire/weary each other. Cf. choshi,

chokoleti*, chakeleti, chakleti LEngl.J
chipua grow, bud, sprout, intr. chipuka. cho det. ki- cl.: kitu — chote. anything chovu, mchoshi, uchovu.
(-) chocolate.
caus. chipukisha, chipuza. Cf. chipu- whatsoever.
kizi, kichipukizi, mchipukizi, uchipuko. 2 choka (ma-) see joka.
!
C hokora (ma-) see chotara.
choa (— ) med. 1. growth, tumor, 2. skin
chipukizi, chipuko (ma-) sprout, shoot. disease, ringworm.
3 choka (ma-) see shoka.
Cf. chipua. 2 chokora see chokoa.
chobea (and ass. chobeana) stand op-
chokaa (-) lime, mortar, plaster, stucco.
chipuko (ma-) see chipukizi. posite each other (in dancing). chokoza (caus. of chokoa) tease, annoy;
choma — prepare lime by burning.
deceive, cheat.
chira, chura do harm (e.g., to a child) by chobeana see chobea.
chokea (-) med. sty.
failure to observe taboos and tradi- ichole (-) chole (edible fish).
tional restrictions, cause bad luck chocha prod, urge forward (animals);
chokesha, chokeza caus. of choka.
(to someone). Cf. chirwa, churo, stir, poke, stir up. appl. chochea.
2 chole (-) chole (kind of bird).
uchuro. stir (a fire), chochea matata (ugomvi).
Ichoki (-) hot. liana (Strophanthus
stir up unrest (conflict), incite, in-
kombe, the seeds of which are used for
ichoma stick, stab, pierce; hurt, injure.
chiriku, chiku (— ) 1. ornith. finch flame, double appl, chochelea. caus.
preparing arrow poison). stimulate, excite, spur on, impel.
(Fringilla coelebs), canary. 2. fig. & int. chocheleza. enrage, provoke, fig.
oppZ. chomea. intr. chomeka. be

talkative person, chatterbox. excite, irritate, challenge. Cf. kicho-
2 choki*. chaki LEngl.l (-) chalk, stuck/pierced/stimulated (also tr.:
cheo, kichocho, mchocheaji, mchocheo,
chokaa. stick /thrust into something), inv.
chiririka (dial, tiririka) 1. drip, trickle; mchochezi, uchochezi. whiting, pipeclay. Cf.
chomoa (rare shumua). pull out;
lick; flow, run. 2. glide (of snakes).
oven. borrow, chomoa kisu. pull out/borrow
chirizi, mchiririko, mchirizi. chochoro (ma-) see kichochoro. choko (vyoko) rare
Cf.
a knife, chomoa fedha (nguo). borrow
pick at, clear money (clothes), inv. -appl. chomolea.

chiriwa (— ) see jiriwa. chochota feel, suffer (severe pain); chokoa, chokocha, chokora
the pull out for/from someone; (fig.) steal
burn/scald oneself. Cf. chonyota, out, take out the contents (e.g.,
stir up. - meno. from. inv. -caus. chomoza. appear,
chirizi adj. dripping, trickling, machozi mchochota. meat of a coconut); 1 i
oppZ. chokolea. caus. come out (sun). Cf. ^homeo, chomo,

machirizi. trickling tears. Cf. chiri- pick the teeth.
2 mchomo, uchomozi.
chogoe (— ) 1. hooked stick (used to chokoza. tease, irritate, annoy; de- kichomi, 2 mchoma,
rika.
pull down branches in fruit-picking), ceive, cheat. Cf. chokochoko,
2 choma burn, be on fire; set fire to; smoke
chiroko (— ) see choroko. 2. golf-club. kichokoo, mchokocho, mchokoo,
out (bees, etc.). jua linachoma. The
mchokozi, uchokozi.
.
chombo 58 chongo 59
chongo
2
sun is very hot. Cf. chomeo, 2 chomo, chomoza inv.-caus. of *choma. ^chongo (— ) chongo (purulent discharge chopi adj. /adv. 1. crooked, lopsided,
kichoma, kichomo, * mchoma, mchomaji, enda — . be lame, limp. 2. fig. drunk,
from the eye).
A
mchomo, uchomaji. intoxicated.
*chondo ( — ) 1. musical instrument
chombo (vyombo) 1. tool, implement, (kind of xylophone). 2. signaling chongoa inv. of chonga.
instrument, utensil, apparatus; item of chopoa inv. of chopa.
household goods, piece of furniture, chongoe (vi-) chongoe (large fish).
cha kufanyia kazi. tool, implement

chopoka inv.-intr. of chopa.
^chondo (vyondo) chondo (small travel-
1
(used in working), vyombo vya akiba. chongoo (ma-) see jongoo.
ing-bag).
spare parts. 2. cooking-pot, pan, jar, ^chora 1. scratch, carve; cut/carve in
jug, cup. 3.: vyombo. household chonjo (— ) incitement (to quarrel, combat). stone. 2. int. chorachora. scribble,
"'chondo (vyondo) chondo (small sea-
goods, personal belongings; gear, write illegioiy. u/. cnoro, nicuuiu,
mussel).
machinery. 4. sailing-vessel (of vari- mchorachora, mchoraji, mchoro,
ous kinds), loc. chomboni. on board. chonjomoa incite, instigate, stimulate, mchorochoro, uchoraji.
chonga 1. cut (with an instrument),
— cha angani. spaceship. — cha impel. Cf. chonjo.
chop, carve. — sanamu. carve a
kuandikishia maneno. tape-recorder. 2 chora* (— ) see shura.
statue. 2. cut to a point, sharpen.
— cha kunyunyizia. pulverizer, chonyota prickle, sting, burn, pilipili
— kalamu. sharpen a pencil, appl.
atomizer. — cha kukuzia sauti. micro- inachonyota ulimini. The pepper burns
chongea. cut, sharpen something. chorachora int. of chora.
phone. — cha simu. telephone booth. on the tongue. Cf. chochota.
3. fig. slander, chongea kwa maneno
choro (-, ma-) scratch; drawing, engrav-
mabaya. bring someone into discredit
chonza (— ) discord, unrest, tia —
^-chomeo (ma-) 1. pointed object (stick, ing; (chorochoro) scribble, scrawl.
by spreading tales about him. in v.
cause unrest.
awl, etc.). 2. pain. 3. small wound, chongoa. shape, round off. inv.-intr. Cf. *chora.
prick (left after removing a thorn, etc.) chongoka. Cf. chonge, chongelezo,
choo (vyoo) 1. toilet, privy, water closet.
Cf. *choma. choroa (-) zool. fringe-eared oryx.
mchongezi, mchongo, uchongezi.
enda chooni. go to the toilet. 2. need
to relieve oneself; bowel movement, see choro.

chonge canine tooth; tooth chorochoro (ma-)
^chomeo (ma-) something used for cook- (— ) anat.
urination. — yabisi. constipation,
ing: frying-pan, grill, etc. Cf. 2 c homa. filed to a point. Cf. chonga.
vyoo excreta. — kidogo. urine. — (— ) choroko
choroko, chooko, chiroko
kikubwa. feces.
chongelezo (ma-) slander, calumny, (small green bean).
chomo (ma-) blow, cut, stab, prick.
gossip. Cf. chonga.
Cf. choma. chooko (— ) see choroko.
chosha caus. of choka.
^chomo (ma-) burn, scar from burn-

^chongo (— ) see mchongo. take (a small amount, a hand-
1. chopa 1. choshi adj. tiring, exhausting.
ing. 2. product of combustion, slag. ful); engage in business on a small Ichoka.
Cf.
— la chuma. iron slag. Cf. ^choma. ^chongo (— ) hump (on the back). scale, vend, hawk. inv. chopoa. pull
out; snatch away, seize; (fig.) steal. see josho.

chosho (ma-)
chomoa inv. of ^chortia. ''chongo (— ) condition of having only inv.-intr. slip away; (fig.) be stolen.
one eye. mwenye — . one-eyed person. 2. (ma-) handful, bundle (of firewood). chosi (— ) chosi (kind of bird).
chomolea inv. -appl. of *choma. ana — . He has only one eye. Cf. Cf. kichopa, mchopozi.
uchongo.
chota 60 chuchi chuchu 61 ?huku£
chota take a little of something. — maji. ^chozi ^chuchu (ma-) rare dwarf, pygmy. chujio (— , ma-), kichujio (vi-) filter,
(— ) ornith. sunbird. Cf. kichozi,
draw water (by the bucketful), caus. strainer. Cf. chuja.
chotesha, choteza. fig. alinichota ^chuchu — ma-)

chua, tua rub, rub in, massage; clean, ( , anat. nipple.
chujo (— ma-) 1. = chujio. 2. product
akili. He deceived/cheated me. (= titi.)
,
polish (by rubbing); (fig.) flatter, de-

Cf. choto, mchoto. of filtering/straining: residue, de-
ceive, appl. chulia. rub something,
posit, precipitate. Cf. chuja.
jiwe la kuchulia. pestle, grindstone.
chuchumaa squat, crouch, caus.
chotara*, chokora (ma-) 1. half-breed, chuchumaza.
ass. chuana. rub/massage each other;
chujua inv. of chuja.
mestizo* 2. person who works at odd
(fig.) quarrel, caus. chusha. irri-
jobs, servant performing heavy /dirty chuchumaza caus. of chuchumaa.
tate, anger, provoke, refl. jichua.
work. 3. hanger-on. chujuka inv.-intr. of chuja.
fig.
masturbate.
chuchumia stretch, stand on tiptoe or
chote see -ote. chuki (— ) 1. bad humor/mood, dis-
hind legs (animals).
^chua (vyua) see chura. satisfaction. 2. dislike, aversion,
choto (ma-) small amount: piece, bit,

contempt, ona — . be in a bad humor.
chuchunge (— ) swordfish (Nemiramphus
fragment, morsel. Cf. chota.
chuakari (— ) rare precious stone, — na majivuno ya kitaifa. chauvinism.
far). {- mchumbururu.)
jewel. Cf. johari. Cf. chukia, chukio, uchukivu.
chovu adj. 1. tired, exhausted. chudi (— ) see jadi.

chub! inter j. Be quiet! chukia hate, despise, abhor, loath.
2. tiring, boring, annoying.
*choka. caus. chukiza. offend, insult.
Cf. chugachuga be uneasy, feel uncomfort-
chubua abrade, rub off (skin), rub sore, refl. -caus. jichukiza. be annoyed
able; be confused, unprepared. Cf.
bruise badly, gall. — miguu. get sore with oneself, ass. chukiana. Cf.
chovya put/dip/plunge into a liquid; machugachuga.
feet. appl. chubulia. intr. chubuka. chuki.
submerge, appl. chovyea. pass.
Cf. chubuko.
chovywa. Cf. chovyo, mchovya, chuguu ( — ) (augment . of kichuguu)
chukio, chukizo (ma-) (usually machukio,
mchovyo. 1. anthill, termite-heap. 2. pile of
chubui (— ) see chubwi. machukizo) hatred, disgust; offense,
ashes or refuse.
insult. Cf. chuki, chukia.
chovyo (ma-) dipping, plunging, sub-
chubuko (ma-) abrasion, bruise, sore.
merging. Cf. chovya. chui (— ) leopard, comm. chui wa
Cf. chubua. chukiza caus. of chukia.
karatasi. paper tiger.
chovywa pass, of chovya. chukizo (ma-) see chukio.
chubwi, chubui (— ) 1. naut. lead.
chuja filter, strain; press out; cleanse,
2. sinker (on a fishing line), plumb- chuku — 1. med. cupping-glass.
choyo (— ) greed, avarice; parsimony, separate, isolate, pick
( )
stinginess; meanness, pettiness,

line.
purify; fig.
out, select, sort, refine. — watu

piga — . cup, bleed; (fig.) exagger-
ate, tell unbelievable stories.
mwenye — . miser, ana — . He is wengine. pick out a few people.
chucha see ^chicha. 2. rare lie, falsehood; something
stingy. Cf. ntoyo. inv. chujua. thin, dilute, water down. invented, fiction; nostrum, hadithi
inv.-intr. chujuka. be washed-out/ ya — . story, fiction.
chuchia shake, move back and forth,
faded; fade (of colors), appl. chujia.
*chozi, jozi (ma-) tear, lia (toka) swing. — mtoto. rock a child. chukua 1. carry, take along; take, take
chujia mvuke. liquefy. Cf. chujio,
machozi. shed tears. away, remove, maji yanachukua
chujo, uchujo.
mchanga. The water washes the sand
. .
shukuli 62 chunga
chunga 63 chupa
away. 2. fig. bear, endure. — taabu. turret (of an airplane). — cha dwa. ^chunga, shunga watch over, take care of, chuni (— ) chuni (waterfowl).
endure hardships. 3. last. — muda drugstore. — chakuni. shed, barn. tend, take to pasture (cattle, sheep,
mkubvva. last a long time. appl. — cha kulala. bedroom. — cha kulia. etc.). Cf. machunga, mchungaji, chunjua ( — ) med. wart.
chukulia. 1. carry to/for someone. dining-room. — cha maktaba. reading- uchungaji.
2. fig. have sympathy, feel for. room. Cf. chumbisha, jumba, kichu- A chuno
(ma-) (usually machuno) skinning
appl.-intT. chukulika. haichukuliki. mba, kijichumba, mchumba, nyumba, ''chunga (— ) hull, pod, shell.
flaying. Cf. chuna.
It is unbearable, ass. chukuana. sup- uchumba, unyumba.
port each other, agree together, con- chungio (— ) sieve. Cf. ^chunga.
chuno (— ) see kiuno.
form, appl.-ass. chukuliana. caus. chumbe (vyumbe) see kiumbe.
chukuza. employ someone to carry 1
chungu (vyungu), ungu (nyungu) clay
something, hire as a bearer, ass.- chumbisha bring about an engagement. vessel, cooking pot. kufinyanga
caus. chukuzana. 1. carry by turns. pass, chumbishvva. be engaged (of vyungu. pottery. Cf. kichungu,
chunuka favor/encourage someone, be
2. accompany each other, go together. a girl). Cf. chumba, mchumba, jungu, ^mkungu.
well-disposed toward someone. See
Cf. mchukuzi, uchukuzi. uchumba.
also tunuka.
^chungu, kichungu adj. 1. bitter, sharp,
chukulia appl. of chukua. chumi (— ) cowrie-shell(s) (used in
acrid. 2. fig. unpleasant, angry,
playing games). Cf. ^chuma. ^chunusi, kinusi (— ) med. acne.
harsh, maneno machungu. bitter/harsh
chukuti pi. of uchukuti.
words. Cf. uchungu.
chumo (ma-) total product, yield; (fig.) "'chunusi (ma-) see chinusi.
chukuza caus. of chukua. receipts, earnings, profits. Cf. ^chuma.
"chungu (— ma-), kichungu
, (vi-) heap,
chur.yu (— ) salt-deposit/incrustation
chumu good luck. pile; quantity; mass, crowd. — nzima.
chula (vyula) see chura. (vi-) rare (from sea-water); salinity, ardhi ina —
a great deal, a lot (of...), mkutanoni
saiiferous earth. Cf. chumvi, munyu.
chumvi (— ) salt; saltiness, salinity; walikuwapo watu — nzima. There were
*chuma (vyuma) 1. (piece of) iron.
— ya a lot of people in the gathering.
sharpness, pungency. haluli.
— cha pua. steel, mabamba ya — *chuo (vyuo) 1. school. — kikuu. uni-
Epsom salts, sulphate of magnesia. chunguchungu. adv. in great quantity/
sheet iron. — cha noti. tuning-fork, versity, enda chuoni. go to school,
tia — exaggerate, boast. number.
fig. .
bao la — . iron bar. — cha reli. rail, mwana chuoni. learned man, scholar.
coll. kula — nyingi. have a long life.
chuma chapua kisioganda/kisichoingia 2. rare book (~ kitabu). — cha sala.
^chungu (— ) (black) ant.
kutu. stainless steel. 2. fig. hard- prayer-book.
chuna (and inv. chunua) skin, flay
ness, severity, mtu huyu ni — . This
(animals); strip off (bark), scrape off. chungua inv. of chunga.
man is steady /reliable. chuo (vyuo) chuo (pointed stick used
Cf. chuno, mchunaji.
o
chunguchungu see chungu. for opening coconuts).
^chuma {dial, tunda) 1. gather, pick
Ichunga sift, screen; shake; (fig.)
(fruit). 2. fig. earn, make a profit. chungulia inv. -appl. of chunga. chupa (— , ma-) 1. bottle. 2. jar (for
tremble (from fear), inv. chungua.
Cf. chumi, chumo, uchumaji, uchumi. jam, etc.). 3. anat. uterus, womb.
inv. -appl. chungulia. inv. -caus. (int.)
chunguza inv. -caus. & int. of chunga, kuvunja — . first stages of childbirth.
chunguza. examine/investigate care-
chumba (vyumba) room (of a house).
fully; (fig.) pry into/meddle in someone
— cha mwendesha ndege. cockpit, chungwa (ma-) orange. Cf. mchungwa.
else's affairs. Cf. chungio, mchunguzi,
uchunguzi.
chupa 64 chwele 65 daga
^chupa 1. jump, hop. chura anachura. churuwa* (— ) med measles Cf, surua.
The frog jumps. 2. fig. become too
short/small (of clothes), suruali churuza int. of churura.
daa ( — ) daa (kind of worm used for fish- inquisitive, appl. dadisia. caus. da-
yangu imechupa. My trousers have be-
bait). disiza. Cf. mdadisi, udadisi.
come too small for me. appZ. chupia. chusa*, chussa L?J (vyusa) harpoon
move fast, gallop. (for large fish)
daawa*, dai ( — ma-) lawsuit,
, (legal) dadisika* intr. of dadisi.
action, (civil) suit, claim. Cf. dai,
chura (vyura) {rare chula, chua) chusha caus. of chua.
frog, dadisiza* caus. of dadisi.
mdaawa, mdai, mdaiwa.
toad.
chussa* (vyussa) see chusa.
Hadn* ( — ma-) . see dadu.
Maba* (ma-) simpleton, fooi.
chura see chira.
chut! inter/. - kefii
dadu*, dado LPort.J (-, ma-) 1. die,
"daba (— , ma-) see debe.
churo adj. unlucky, ill-omened, mtoto dice. 2. any game played with dice.
chutama squat, crouch.
mchuro. child who is supposed to
dabaulo* see tahawali.
bring misfortune to his family because dafi* ( — ) tambourine.
^chuuza int. of churura.
of omens (marks, etc.). Cf. chira,
dabiku* ( — ) rare sacrifice, offering.
— something valuable/pre-
uchuro. dafina* ( ) 1.
''chuuza engage business in a small Cf. dhabihu.

in cious. 2. hidden treasure, find,
churua see surua. way, be a hawker/peddler, have a treasure trove. 3. unexpected gift,
small shop. mchuuzi, uchuuzi. dabiri* rare find (again).

Cf. windfall.
churupuka flee, run away, escape; slip

chuzuu* (— ) see tuzuu. dabwadabwa, debwedebwe adj. fluid,
dafrao*, dafurao 1. (— ) collision, im-
from one's hand.
watery, diluted, wali wa — . watery
pact, clash; accident, motakaa mbili
chwa {also twa) go down, rice.
churura {and int. churuza, chuuza) drip, set (sun). ziligongona (pigana) — . Two automo-
trickle; run, flow (off), drain, intr. kumekuchwa. The sun has gone biles collided. 2. adv. face to face.
chururika {and int. chururiza). fig.

down. It is evening, mchana kutwa. iDachi* I Engl.'] adj. Dutch. piga (pigana) — . fight hand to hand.
be wasted away, emaciated (after an the whole day long, kutwa kucha.
every day and every night, kucha daftari*, deftari (— ) 1. ledger, account
illness). Cf. chururu. ^Dachi* L Germ. J adj., arch. German.
hata (mpaka) kuchwa. from morning book, catalogue, index, list. — ya
= -a kijeremani.) Cf. Kidachi, Mda-
(
chururika till evening, the whole day through. hesabu. account book. 2. notebook,
intr. of churura. chi, Udachi.
kesho kutwa. day after tomorrow. exercise book.
chururiza appl. chwea. double appl.-pass.

int. of churura. dada (— , ma-) 1. sister. 2. form of po-
chwelewa. be overtaken by darkness. dafu (— ) dafu (coconut in the unripe
lite address among women.
chururu (— ) efflux, trickle; leak, seepage. Cf. machwa. stage, with much milk), dafu or maji
Cf. churura. ya — . coconut milk.

dadisa gird, wind around.
chwelewa double appl.-pass. of chwa.
dafurao* (— ) see dafrao.
churusi (vyurusi) chisel.
besiege with questions, pump;
dadisi*
spy on. intr. dadisika. be curious/ daga* (— ) see dagaa.
dagaa 66 dakta 67 danganya
dakiz
dagaa*, daga (-) 1. dagaa (small fish, — dawamu. —

2. adj. -a permanent, dakta* (ma-) see daktari. game played on
.
dama* {.Port. J (— ) a
anchovy, sardine). 2. fig. trifle, constant, lasting. 3. mil. regular, = bao 3.)
board. (
inconsequential thing. afisa wa — regular officer. dumu.
. Cf. daktari*, dakta L Engl. J (ma-) doctor,
physician. Cf. mganga. — wa kupa-
daghadagha* dambwa (ma-) dambwa (secret place
1. (-) confusion (of mind), 1
suwa. = kuchinja.)
daka 1. grasp, seize; catch. — mpira, rare surgeon. (
where preparations are made for the
uncertainty. 2. v. be uncertain. catch a ball. 2. fig. catch at (an Cf. udaktari.
circumcision ceremonies).
Cf. dukuduku.
idea). — maneno. make a quick/
shrewd reply, contradict, appl. dakia. daku* (— ) feast of Muhammadans at the
damisi* adj. cheerful, jolly. Cf.
dagla* [lnd.1 (ma-) cloth coat (dec- jump over/across (water, from tree to conclusion of Ramadhan.
udamisi.
orated with ornaments).
tree), caus. dakiza. retort, object,
contradict, interrupt (a conversation), dakua inv. of A daka.

damka obs. see jidamka.
daha* see dai. inv. dakua. talk foolishly, chatter,
gossip, dakua siri. divulge secrets, dakuliza inv. -appl. -caus. of daka.
damu* (— ) 1. blood, toa — . bleed.
dahabu* (-) see dhahabu. blab. inv. -appl. -caus. dakuliza. ingia damuni.
2. fig. menstruation,
protest, object to, demur, disavow, dalali* (ma-) agent, broker, auctioneer.
menstruate. 3. blood relationship.
dahari* 1. (— ) epoch, century, age.
Cf. dakizo, mdakizi, mdako, mdaku- Cf. udalali.
coll. — yangu mwenyewe. my own
2. adv. always, constantly. lizi, udakaji, udaku, udakuzi; also
flesh and blood (i.e., child), watu
dukiza, dukizi. dalasini*, daliasini LPers.J cinnamon.
wenye — moja. blood relatives.
dahi dial, offer, sacrifice, mdalasini.
Cf.
prov. — ni nzito kuliko maji. Blood
^daka (ma-) 1. hiding-place, niche. is thicker than water.
dahili* 1. be well informed about a per- dalia* (— ) powder (cosmetic).
2. shelf (on a wall), cupboard.
son. 2. (ma-) inquiry, investigation.
Cf. kidaka. danda rare see panda.
Cf. mdahalo. dalili*, delili (— ) 1. sign, trace, signal,
dakalika rare be tired/exhausted. indication. — ya mguu. footprint.

dandalo (— ) dandalo (a kind of dance).
dai*, daha 1. demand, claim; (leg.) prov.: — ya mvua ni mawingu. Clouds
press claims, bring action, sue. appl. are the signs of rain = one can always
dakawa* (— ) naut. tow-rope, hawser. (
daia. demand someone else's name, Manga: — maji dip up water (carefully,
in
vuta — . to tow. tell when there is something wrong
act as attorney/solicitor, in small quantities).
ass. with someone whom one knows well).
daiana. refl. jidai. demand something dakika* (— ) minute, (brief) period of 2. omen. — mbaya. a bad omen, si
for oneself (without justification, — ^danga (— ) (white) yam (Dioscorea
time, kwa — moja. in a moment, hata . not a bit, not in the least.
falsely). 2. (ma-) (also daawa) de- immediately, at once, — alata).
ndani ya
mand, claim, madai ya fedha. claim chache. in a few minutes. dalji* adv. kuenda — . walk gracefully;
for money, amount due, debt. Cf. amble (of horses). dang'a (— ) dang'a (the first milk of an
daawa, mdaawa, mdai, mdaiwa. dakiza animal after having given birth;
caus. of daka.
dalki* see telki. beestings).
daifu* dahifu.
dakizo (ma-) objection, protest, con-
daliasini* (-) see dalasini. danganya lie to someone, deceive,
tradiction; interruption (of a conver-
daima*, dawamu, dawama 1. adv. always, cheat, swindle. appl. danganyia.
sation). Cf. daka.
constantly, continually, emph. caus. danganyisha. Cf. danganyifu,
dama* (— ) see tama.
danganyo, mdanganyi, udanganyifu.
) )
danganyifu darubini 69 dege
darubini*, durubini, darbini LPers.J ( — — ya kuhara (kuharisha). purgative,

danganyifu adj. deceitful, fraudulent. daraka* (ma-) (usually madaraka) 1. ar-
telescope, binoculars. — ya vidudu. laxative. — ya kupatisha. emetic.
mtu mdanganyifu. a deceitful person, rangement, regulation, precept. 2. ob-
microscope. — ya kunywa. medicine for internal
mke mdanganyifu. an unfaithful wife. ligation, responsibility, duty, chukua use. — ya kupaka. salve, ointment.
Cf. danganya. — . have responsibility, be responsible.
— ya sindano. vaccine, serum.
darumeti* L ? J ( — ) interior framework of
madaraka ya kiasi. limited responsi-
2. (also nyumba ya — or nyumba ya
a (native) ship.
danganyo (ma-) (usually madanganyo) bility/liability, madaraka bila kiasi. kutoa — pharmacy, drugstore,
)
deceit, deception, fraud; hypocrisy. unlimited responsibility /liability.

darzeni* ( — ) see dazani.
Cf. danganya. 3. pledge, security, guarantee. 4. full dawaa* see duwaa.
responsibility, plenary powers; (pol.)
splf.irnvp.nm.nt =„t rt \--\}-\
^dasi* LP ers.? J ( — ) naut. rope (sewed
dawama*, dawamu* see daima.
into the edge of a sail).
danguro*, dangro LPort.J (ma-) 1. house darasa* (ma-, —) instruction; lesson,

dawati*, dauati (— ) (also kidawati)
class; classroom, madarasa rare ^dasi* ( — ) med. dasi (disease of don- = meza.)
of ill fame, brothel, loc. danguroni. writing desk. (
school. Cf. durusi. keys).

section of a city where brothels are
located. 2. rare prostitute, whore. dazani*, dazeni, darzeni L Engl. J ( — )
darau* see dharau. dasili* (— ) dasili (a powder used as a

dozen.
remedy for skin diseases; prepared
dansi*, densi lEngl. J (— ) (European)
daraza* see darizi. from the leaves of the mkunazi tree).
dance. dazeni* (— ) see dazani.
darbini* (— ) see darubini. dasturi* (— ) naut. bowsprit. debe*, daba [ Ind. J — ma-) 1. tin
danzi (ma-) bitter orange. Cf. mdanzi. ( ,
can, tank (for gasoline or kerosine ).

dari* LPers.J (—) 1. roof, attic; upper
(— ) see desturi. 2. sheet metal.
dapa see tapa. dasturi*
floor; ceiling (of a room); (flat) roof.
(Originally the space under the roof debwani* — turban cloth.

data rare crack, crackle (noise of twigs ( )
dara* LPers.J 1. touch, feel. 2. fig.
where clothing and food were stored.)
breaking).
try out, put to the test.
anakaa katika nyumba ya — . He lives
debwedebwe see dabwadabwa.
in a house of more than one floor/story.
datama crouch down, bend over.
daraba* (— ) lavatory space (on a dhow), 2. naut. deck of a boat/ship.
fig.,
dede adv.: simama — . stand unsteadily
dau* ( — ) dhow (sailing vessel). (as an infant first learning to walk).

darabi* (ma-) rose apple. Cf. mdarabi. darii* (— ) see deraya.
dauati* (— ) see dawati. defa* (— ) rare time, occasion. — mbili.

daraja* (ma-, — ) 1. bridge. — ya reli. darizi*, daraza, tarizi, taraza 1. em- twice. = mara.)
(
railroad bridge. 2. fig. rank, degree, broider (a border, edging). 2. (—

daula* ( — ma-) , see dola.
social status, amepewa — ya juu. He (also tarazo) embroidery, decoration.
deftari* ( — ) see daftari.
has been promoted. 3. terrace (in kanzu ya — . a kanzu decorated with
dausi*, tausi (— ) ornith. peacock.
agriculture). 4. pi. steps, (flight of) embroidery. 3. adj. decorated, or- dega see tega.
stairs; ladder (= ngazi). Cf. kida- namented.
dawa* (— ma-) , 1. medicine, remedy,
raja. drug. — ya homa. febrifuge. ^dege (ma-) see ndege.
. . .
dege 70 deraya derereka 71 dha
''dege (— ) dege (kind of moth). demokrasi* LEngl. J (— ) democracy. derereka drip, trickle, flow. dhahabu*, dahabu (— ) min. gold, -a —
— yenye kiini kimoja. comm. demo- golden.
cratic centralism, jamhuri ya — dereva*, dreva LEngl. J (ma-) 1. driver,
dege (— ) med. cramps, convulsions
democratic republic, kidemokrasi. chauffeur. — wa ndege. pilot. 2. ma- dhahiri* adj. & adv. (well) known, clear,
(esp. of small children).
adj. democratic. chinist, mechanic. Cf. udereva. plain, evident, obvious. Cf. dhihiri,
dhihirifu.
4 dege (ma-): — la watoto. hot. kind of demu (ma-) work clothes (for field work). Desemba* LEngl. J (— ) December.
fern (Pteris longifolia).
dhaifu*, daifu adj. 1. weak, sickly, in-
deski* LEngl.l (-) (school) desk. firm, feeble, powerless. 2. insignifi-

Menge (— ) denge (a style of wearing the
deheni* 1. (— ) deheni (waterproof mix- cant, slight, poor (in quality); unsuit-
hair: the head is shaved leaving only a
ture tor caulking boats). 2. v. to deste* (ma-) deste (vessel in which able, useless. 3. bad-tempered.
patch on top). Cf. ^dengua.
caulk with deheni. halua is stored). dhoofika, udhaifu.
Cf.
^denge (— ) 1.: — ya mbuzi. billy goat.

deheri* rare be plain/evident. desturi*, dasturi (— ) custom, usage, prac- dhaka* (— ) rare jest, joke; mockery,
= beberu.) 2. goat pen (on poles; raised
(
tice; customary /prescriptive law; rou- ridicule.
deka put on airs, be presumptuous/arro- off the ground).
tine, ni — . it is customary, kama —
gant, caus. dekeza. spoil (a child). according to custom, fuata — . comply dhakari* (— ) anat. penis. (- uume,
dengezi (— ) dengezi (kind of fish).
with customs. inboo.)
dekua (dial, dengua) bring down, knock
dengo* (— ) see dengu.
down (birds with stones). — kichwa. dete, detepwani (— ) ornith. (species of) dhalika* see kadhalika.
behead, decapitate, appl. dekulia. kingfisher.
dengu*, dengo Llnd.J (—) 1. bot.
Cf. udekuaji. dhalili* adj. deplorable, pitiful, miser-
lentil. (= adesi.) 2. (us.) the thick
detea rare limp, hobble. able, wretched; humble, meek, obse-
soup made of lentils (or of beans or
delali* L?J (ma-) rare peddler quious.
= mchuuzi). peas). Cf. mdengu.
( detepwani (— ) see dete.
dhalimu* 1. (ma-) swindler, cheat;
dele*, deli (— ) {also mdele, mi-) coffee- ^dengua see dekua.
deua 1. take down/off (a pot from the oppressor, tyrant; unjust person.
pot (made of metal). (- mdila.)
2. turn (the head, scorn- 2. adj. unjust, cruel, oppressive,
fire). fig.
dengua shave off (the hair,, for a par- violent. Cf. mdhalimu, udhalimu.
fully).
deli* (— ) see dele. ticular hair-style). Cf. denge. 3. v., see dhulumu.
deuli* Llnd.?] (— ) 1. silk sash or
delili* (— ) see dalili. deni* (-, ma-) debt, (financial) obliga- waistband. 2. cloth for covering a dhaluma* (— ) see dhuluma.
tion, fanya (ingia) — . run into debt. bier, pall.
dema, ndema (— ) wickerwork fish-trap. lipa — . pay debts. Cf. mdeni. dhamana* (-) pledge, guarantee, se-
devu (ma-) augment, of udevu. curity, bail, weka — give a guaran-
.
demani* (— ) 1. season (of the year; densi* (-) see dansi. tee, go bail. — ya maisha. social
period of the southeast monsoon from dhabihu*, (rare) dabiku 1. sacrifice security. Cf. dhamini.
August to October), autumn. 2. naut. deraya*, darii, dirii, durui (— ) armor, (things or animals). (— ) sacrifice.
2.
sheet. 3. naut.: (upande wa — ) lee armament. Cf. madhabahu, madhabuha.
side.
)
dhamani 72 dhiba dhibiti 73 dhulu
dhamani* sing, last month of the south dhania. think of/about, suspect.
monsoon. pass, dhaniwa. Cf. dhana, 'udhani. dhibiti* defend, protect from; manage, misfortune, ana — gani? What kind of
control, caus. dhibitisha. Cf. madhubuti, difficulties does he have? Cf. udhiki.
udhibiti.
dhambi* ( — , ma-) transgression, offense, dhara* (ma-) (usually madhara) damage,
dhikiri*, dhukuru, zikri (— ) Isl. mention
crime; (rel.) sin. mwenye — tupu. injury, harm , loss; misfortune, acci-
constant offender/sinner, incorrigible dent, pata — . come to harm, be dhidi* ya... adv. anti-, against. of the name of God.
criminal. — ya asili. original sin. damaged/injured, —a — . adj. injuri-
ous, harmful. Cf. dhuru. dhifa* ( — ) guesthouse; feast. dhila* see dhili.
dhambu* (— ) see tambuu.

dharau*, darau 1. despise, disregard, dhihaka* ( — ) derision, mockery, laughter, dhili*, dhila 1. degrade, humiliate, despise.
ot, scorn; deride,

inking teasing. «ema (fanya) — make . 2. { — ) humiliation, disparagement, dis-
dhamini* 1. (— ) guarantee, bail. 2. v. have a low opinion
vouch ridicule, appl. dharaulia. 2. (— fun of, mock, deride. Cf. dhihaki. tress. 3 {also dhilifu) adj. low, abject,
for, go bail for, stand up for,
contempt, scorn; derision. humiliated, degraded. Cf. madhilifu,

guarantee, sponsor, appl, dhaminia.
dhihaki* joke, mock, deride, tease, appl. udhalifu.
caus. dhaminisha. Cf. dhamana,
dharuba. dhihakia. caus. dhihakisha. Cf.
mdhamini, udhamini. dharba* (— ) see
dhihaka. dhilifu* see dhili 3.
dhamira* (— ) see dhamiri. dhariri* (— ) radioactive dust.

dhihiri*, dhahiri be clear, obvious, dhima* ( — ) responsibility.
dharuba*, dharba (— ) 1. pressure; im- apparent^ prov. kweli ikidhihiri uvvongo

dhamiri*, dhamira 1. (— ) thought, wish;
pact, shock; blow, stroke (of an ax, hujitenga. When the truth is obvious, dhiraa* (— ) ell, cubit (unit of measure:
(innermost) conviction, intention;
— ya Waafrika kupata etc.). 2. storm, gust of wind. 3. Tare, falsehood usually gives way. appl. about 18 inches or half a yard).
conscience, ni
arith. multiplication. dhihiria. caus. dhihirisha explain,

uhuru. It is the desire of the Africans
to achieve independence. 2. v. think,
show, reveal, expose. Cf. dhahiri, dhoofika*, dhoofu become weak/feeble/
dharura* (— ) 1. (sudden, unexpected) dhihirifu, udhahirifu. infirm, caus. dhoofisha. Cf. dhaifu.
intend, appl. dhamiria. reflect (about
something); intend, contemplate; (ur- event, occurrence; confusion, commo-

tion. 2. rare business transaction, dhihirifu* adj. clear, plain, obvious, dhoofisha caus. of dhoofika.
gently) desire.
deal. apparent, well known. Cf. dhahiri,
dhihiri. dhoofu see dhoofika.

dhamiria* appZ. of dhamiri 2.
dhati* (-) 1. intention, plan, purpose,
goal, aim. 2. essence, nature, char- dhii* dwindle, waste away (strength, dhoruba* (— ) storm, hurricane.
dhamisa* rare bring to an end, conclude.
acter. 3. adv. doubtless, definitely. powers); grow weak, pine away, perish;
grieve, intr. dhiika. caus. dhiisha. dhuha* (— ) 1. period between sunrise and
dhana* (— ) 1. thought, idea; opinion;
dhiaka* (ma-) 1. bait, lure. 2. alert- noon. 2 Isl. prayer of this time.
suggestion, proposal. 2. suspicion,
conjecture, surmise. Cf. dhani, ness, readiness (to meet a danger). dhiika* intr. of dhii.
dhuku* rare taste, try.
'udhani.
dhiba* (— ) arch, auxiliary troops, dhiisha* caus. of dhii.
auxiliaries. dhukuru* 1. remember, think, consider;

dhani* think, consider, reflect; believe,
dhiki* 1. be in need, be poor; be in dis- praise (the name of Allah). 2. { — ) see
imagine; assume, conjecture, appl.
tress/difficulty; oppress, afflict. appZ. dhikiri.
dhikia. intr. dhikika. be in distress.
2. (ma-) difficulty, want, need, dhulu* rare be discovered, come to light.

74 75 dodo
dhulu
dhuluma*, dhaluma (— ) injustice, oppres- digali* (— ) stem of a hookah. Idira* cut the hair, shave the head. diski* [Engl. J (— ) rare disc, phonograph
Cf. mdakale.
sion, tyranny, exploitation. Cf. record.
dhulumu, dhalima. digrii* [.Engl. J (— ma-)

, 1. (academic) ^dira* (— , ma-) 1. naut. compass. 2. elec.
degree, rank. 2. degree (of temperature, dispensari* [Engl. J (— ) 1. dispensary,
meter.
dhulumu* 1. treat unjustly, exploit, oppress; etc.). {~ daraja.) pharmacy. 2. public health service.
do wrong, deceive, appl. dhulumia.

3dira (-) dira (kind of bird).
2. (—•, ma-) injustice, oppression, dike* see tike. divai* [Fr. du vinj (— ) wine.
tyranny. Cf. dhuluma, dhalimu.

dirabu* arch. spin.
diko* (ma-) naut. landing-place, moorings. divisheni* [Engl. J (— ) division, part,
dhumna* (— ) dice game, dominoes. section.

dirauira* tSiK cvasivclj', beat muunu the
dikteshin*, diktesheni (— [Engl. J
) dicta-
bush. duara, duru.
Cf.
dhuria* (— ) descendants, progeny. tion (in school). imla.
diwani* (ma-) 1. adviser. 2. public servant;
Cf.
civil leader, dignitary. 3. collection of
dirhamu* (— ) arch. dirhem (coin).
dhurisha* caus. of dhuru. dikteta* [Engl. ] (-) dictator. Cf. poems. 4. arch, court/council of a king.
udikteta.
dirii* (— ) see deraya.
dhuru* damage, hurt, injure, haidhuru. It
doa 1. (ma-) spot, blot. — la mafuta. grease
does no harm. It does not matter. All dila* (— ) dipper, bailer. spot. 2. pi. madoa {also red. madoadoa
diriki* {also tadariki, tadaraki) be able,
right, OK. caus. dhurisha. w. adj. sense: spotted, varicolored.
appl. dhuria.
be in time (for something); manage,
Cf. dhara. dili (— ) dili (kind of snake).
achieve, attain; be successful, have
doana (ma-) see ndoana.
possibilities; undertake, venture, appl.
dia* (— ) punishment, penalty, fine; atone- dimba (ma-) dimba (camp at which initiation
dirikia. Cf. daraka.
ment (for homicide); ransom; (rel.) re- rites are performed). *dobi* [ind. J (ma-) laundryman. Cf.
tribution, toa (lipa) — . pay a penalty. udobi.

dirisha* [Pers.j (ma-) 1. square,
dimbwi (ma-) pool, puddle. Cf. kidimbwi.
rectangle, -a madirisha. checkered,
dibaji* (— ) style (of writing); introduction ^dobi adj. heavily laden (a vessel, etc.).
checked; divided into squares.
(to a letter or book). Cf. udibaji. dimu (— ) see ndimu.
2. window. Cf. kidirisha.
doda 1. turn bad (of perishable goods),
didima, didimia sink in/down, be sub- dinari* (— ) arch, dinar (gold coin).
Idirizi* [Fr. diriger?J direct, lead (singing,
become cold (of foods), appl. dodea.
merged, be swallowed up. intr. didimika caus. dodesha. 2. fail to get something
dancing).
& intr.-appl. didimikia. bore, pierce, dinda 1. be firm /taut. 2. phy. be erect,
which one has long desired. 3. drop,
penetrate (with an implement), caus. have an erection (of the penis). 3. be
drip, trickle.
lasting/durable. 4. be contrary /opposed. ^dirizi* (— ) arch, iron armor.
didimisha. put/stuff into.
dodi (ma-), udodi (dodi) 1. wire (iron or

dindi (ma-) see lindi. disa vulg. be erect (of the penis).
didimia see didima. brass). 2. -bracelet (made of such wire).
= dinda.)
(
difensi* [Engl.l sport 1. <-) defense. dindia sink down, go to the bottom;
dodo (ma-) 1. breast (of a young woman).
penetrate. dishi*, disi [.Engl. J (ma-) dish, tureen;
2. (ma-) fullback (football). 2.:- embe — . large mango.
(rare) dishes, crockery.
difu* (ma-) {also kidifu, kilifu, vi-) fiber dini* (— ) religion, creed, faith, worship.
(of young coconut leaves).

dodo 76 dolola dominika 77
dodoa rare preserve, keep, lay aside. dohori* (— ) 1. rare midday, noon. 2. Isl. dominika* i_Lal. j (—) re Sunday ^dondoo (ma-)
I. see ^dondo.
time of prayer. = siku ya Bwana). —
( ya Malawi. Palm
dodofu (— ) dodofu (kind of fish). Sunday.
^dondoo (— ) see dondoro.
dokeza 1. indicate, suggest, hint; tell some-
dodoki* (ma-) hot. (fruit of the) luffah thing secretly. 2. use something in small domo (ma-) (augment, ofmdomo) 1. {large)
1
dondoro, dondoo (— ) dondoro (kind of
(Luffa acutangula). Cf. m dodoki. amounts (e.g., medicine). Cf. dokezo, lip/beak. 2. fig. talkativeness, boast-
antelope, steinbuck).
dokoa, kidokezo, kidoko. ing, ana — He
. talks constantly/
*dodosa 1. hesitate, drawl; falter, stammer chatters, piga — . boast, brag. 3. fig.
dokezi (ma-) hindrance, obstacle, projection, crag; promentory, cape. ^dondoro (— ) dondoro (stinging insect,
(in speaking or reading). 2. cross-
impediment. hornet).
examine.
dona 1. pick at, peck, pick up; bite (fish,
dokezo (ma-) suggestion, hint, recommenda- at bait), kuku wanadona nafaka. Chickens donge (ma-) 1. lump, ball. — la uzi. ball
^dodosa strike, beat, knock, rattle;
tion. Cf. dokeza. pick up grain, sar aki wanadona sasa. of yarn. — la damu. clot of blood.
scratch, scrape.
The fish are biting now (it is a good time 2. coll. money; winnings; bonus, raise
dokhani* ( — ) see ^dohani. for fishing), appl. donea. caus. donesha. in pay. Cf. tonge, kidonge.
doea 1. interfere, meddle; spy; observe,
ass. donana. peck each other (chickens
investigate, study; pursue. 2. mil.
dokoa 1. break/bite off a small amount of etc.). inv. donoa. peck, sting, bite; dongo see udongo.
engage in reconnaissance, appl. doelea.
something. 2. = dokeza. appl. dokolea.
(fig,) kiss. 2. (ma-) grain of poor
Cf. doya, mdoezi.
report, tell (news). Cf. dokeza. quality. Cf. mdono. dongoa (— ) mass, lump.
dofara*, dofra (ma-) dofara (sailmaker's

dokolea appl. of dokoa. donda (ma-) (large) ulcer, sore. — ndugu. donoa inv. of dona.
measure).
sore that refuses to heal. Cf. dondoa,
dokua (— ) dokua (kind of beer). kijidonda. dopa* (ma-) sailmaker's palm (of leather
dofra* (ma-) see dofara.
or canvas, to protect the hand when
Idola*, daula, daulati (— , ma-) government, sewing heavy material).
dogo adj. /adv. 1. small, little; young. *dondo (ma-) 1. {large) cowrie-shell.
state, power. Jumuia ya Madola. United
mtolo mdogo. a small child, red. dogo- 2. starch (for clothing) ,
gloss.
Nations, mkuu wa — . chief of state. dopoa rare see toboa.
dogo. very small, tiny. 2. fig. sub-,
junior, deputy, komiti ndogo. sub- ^dondo, dondoo (ma-) {usually madondo)
2dola* LEngl.l (-) dollar. Idoria* Llnd.l (-) doria (bleached
committee, vvaziri mdogo. deputy excerpt, quotation, extract; note(s).
muslin).
minister. 3. slight, insignificant, un- Cf. ^dondoa.
kidogo adv. a little, dole (ma-) 1. augment, of kidole. 2. (single)
important. 4.:
banana. clumsy person. z doria*
somewhat, not much. Cf. kidogo, udogo.
3. (— ) mil. patrol, advance guard.
Idondoa 1. pick up a little at a time.
askari — . outpost, picket, linda — . to
2. {also caus. dondosha) drop (one
dogori (ma-) dogori (kind of drum).
doli* [Engl J (-) doll.
object after another). 3. make a
patrol.
selection. 4. quote.
dolola 1. dribble, drool, slaver (of saliva). dosari* (— ) rare error, mistake; fault,
dohani*, dokhani (-) 1. smoke-vent,
2. be unsuccessful (in getting something). defect.
chimney. 2. smoke, soot. 3. long,
^dondoa form/cause sores; wound, injure.
3. take a long time (in agreeing on the
narrow basket (for carrying fruit).
price, when making a purchase). Cf. donda.
dudur 79 dumili
doti 78 dudulika
doti* Llnd.l (-) 1. loincloth (- ^shuka.) duba* rare be partially/ not quite full/
dudumi (— ) dudumi (large horn). a shopping trip. — la vitabu (mboga).
book (vegetable) store.
2. measure of length (4 yards). — ya filled.
dudumia pierce, puncture, perforate, cons.
kanga. a part of the kanga (see kanga).
dudumiza. intr. dudumika. intr.-ass. dukisa see dukiza.
^dubu* rare improve, correct.
dudumikana. cause each other embarrass-
dovuo (— ) dribble of saliva (during sleep).
ment, intr. -caus. dudumikiza. press, dukisi (ma-) see dukizi.
^dubu* (— ) zool. bear. squeeze.
doya, doyadoya reconnoiter, spy, investi-
dukiza, dukisa impose oneself, intrude;
gate; sponge (o free meal, although un-
dubwana* [.Ind.^1 1. (ma-) giant. 2. adj. huge, dudumikiza intr. -caus. of dudumia. listen (secretly), eavesdrop, appl. dukizia.
invited), caus. doyeza. Cf. doea,
gigantic; extreme, excessive. Cf. daka (?), dukizi.
mdoezi.
dudumizi (ma-) dudumizi (kind of bird,
dubwasha* Und.J (— ) loud (dull, reverber- coucal). (= tipitipi.) dukizi, dukisi (ma-) eavesdropping, gossip-
doyadoya see doya.
ating) sound (report of a shotgun, noise mongering. Cf. dukiza.
of an ax striking wood, etc.). Cf. duduvule (— ) duduvule (kind of wood-boring
doyeza caus. of doya.
dubwana. hornet), Cf. dudu. dukuduku* (— ) 1. confusion, embarrassment;
drammeja* [Engl.} (— ) drummer. amazement, speechlessness; unrest, ex-

dude* (ma-) 1. anything the name of which dufi (— ) dufi (kind of sea-tortoise). citement; alarm, apprehension. 2. urgent
one does not know or cannot remember, request.
dresa* [.Engl, dresser] (ma-) orderly, Cf. daghadagha.
what's-its-name, thingumbob. — gani dufu* 1. (ma-) simplicity, folly, stupidity.
nurse's aide. Cf. udresa.
hili? What kind of a thing is that? — la mtu or mtu — . foolish/stupid person. dulabu* (— ) spinning wheel.
2. coll. worthless person, good-for- 2. adj. stupid, foolish, silly; dull,
dreva* (ma-) see dereva.
nothing. Cf. kidude; also dudu (?). narrow-minded; useless, uninteresting; duma (— ) zool. cheetah.
(fig.) insipid, in bad taste. Cf. udufu.
dua* (— ) 1. prayer; plea, petition, omba
dudia rare fill in (a hole); fill up, pour
— dumaa be stunted, underdeveloped, atrophied;
— . pray. prou. ya kuku haimpati
on. dugi adj. dull, blunt, kisu kidugi. a dull be backward, retarded (mentally).
mwewe. The prayer of the hen does not
knife. Cf. dugika.
reach the hawk. 2. curse, spell, incanta-
^dudu* (ma-) 1. augment, of *mdudu. dumbu dial. see umbu.
tion.
2. (fig.) parasite (term of abuse). dugika be dull/blunt. Cf. dugi.
duv
dume (ma-) male animal, male sex. — la
dualf
2dudu (ma-) med. infectious disease; dugu (— ) dugu (round mat). farasi or farasi — . stallion, fig. amezaa
smallpox. — mai. chicken pox. Cf. — . She has given birth to a boy. sauti
duara*, duwara (— , ma-) 1. circle.
— ya maji. duduka. duguda shake, jog, jolt. — . bass voice. Cf. Time.
2. wheel; windlass, winch.
waterwheel. — ya meno. cogwheel. —
duduka {also dudulika) be deformed, dis- duhushi* search out; look into, investigate; dumiliza* go through the ceremony of blood-
kamili. elec. circuit. 3. adj. round,
figured (as a result of illness or an spy. friendship. Cf. dumilizo; also dumu,
circular, usukani ni mduara. The
Cf. diradira,
accident). — uso. have a pockmarked dumisha.
steering wheel is round.
face. Cf. ~dudu, duduvule, kidudusi. duka* (ma-) shop, store, business, weka
duru, mduara.
(anza) — . open up a business, weka dumilizo* (ma-) (ceremony of) blood-
who dudulika see duduka. dukani. display for sale, vunja — . give friendship. Cf. dumiliza.
duazi*, duwazi (ma-) a person is
up a business, tembea madukani. go on
speechless from amazement. Cf. duwaa.
. . .
dumisha 80 durubini
durufu 81
dumisha* conclude a blood-friendship. scaffolding; (rel.) pulpit. — la ndege.

durufu (ma-) canvas cover.
Cf. dumu caus. cockpit (of an airplane). dutu (-, ma -) 1. form, shape, appearand
constitution. 2. fig. spot, blemish;
durui* (_) see deraya.
1 dungudungu (ma-) 1. deformity. 2. deformed pimple, wart.
dumu (ma-) can, jug, mug, pot.
= mdurau.) person. 3. something badly made.
(
4. confusion of mind. durusi* rare attend a school, learn, duvi pi. of uduvi.
study. Cf. darasa.
dumu* remain, keep on, last (a long time), duwaa*, dawaa, duala be dumbfounded,
dungumaro (-) 1. evil spirit. 2. drum for
continue. -» daima. last forever, caus. shocked, unnerved; be silent
warding off such a spirit, ngoma ya — dusa* (& appl. dusia) sponge, (from
live at
dumisha. Cf. daima. astonishment); be in a difficult situa-
ceremony for exorcising an evil spirit. others' expense. Cf. mdusi.
tion; become cnnfnaeA. Cf
. duazi.
dunda strike forcibly against something.
duni* adj. insignificant, low, mean, dusamali*(_) see dusumali. duwara* (-, ma .) see
Cf. mdundo. duara .
inferior; unimportant, useless, jambo —
an unimportant matter, lowness, vulgari- duwazi *
dusumali*. dusamali [PersJ (-) (colored) ( ma -) *« duazi.
*dundu (ma-) dried gourd or pumpkin used ty, mtu — . an insignificant person.
kerchief or scarf (worn by women).
i
as a container for liquids, calabash. duzi (ma-) rare eavesdropper, gossip.
dunia* (— ) universe, world, globe, earth.
duta rebound, bounce back (a ball); re-
^dundu (— ) scavenger beetle. sehemu ya — . continent, fariki/aga — 2 dUZ
verberate; return, reflect (light). '* ^ ma *^ (
semi - wild ) tomcat.
euph. depart from the world, die.
dundua be deformed/mutilated.
dunzi (ma-) see mdunzidunzi.
dunduiza begin to ripen (of fruit).

1
dupa step/jump over, cross; press forward,
dunduliza put aside, lay away, save, push one's way through.
keep in reserve.
^dupa (ma-) see tupa.

dundumio (ma-) anat. larynx, Adam's ebee* see labeka
edita* [Engl.1 (-) editor.
apple. (
= kikoromeo.)
dura* (-) parrot. (= kasuku.)
ebu!* see 2
hebu! ee! inter], oh! -walla, certainly, all
*dunga bore, pierce (usually the ears, for duriani* \_Mal.~] (-) fruit of the breadfruit right.
eda* (-, ma-) eda (ritual seclusion of a
ornaments); (fig.) administer a hypo- tree. Cf. mduriani.
woman after the death of her husband
dermic injection. Cf. kidungadunga.
or eewaa*. eewala ,-„ terj. see ewaa.
after divorce).
duru* 1. surround, encircle; go around.
zimemduru. He has lost his efendi* (-) see afendi.
^dunga (ma-) dunga (covered basket). fig. akili
edaha* (_) edaha (a sacrifice).
mind. 2. {— ) turn, revolution, rotation;
efya caus. of epa.
dunge (ma-) (green) cashew apple. See (fig-) drinking by turn. coll. sasa ni —
edashara*. hedashara (-) arch, eleven.
also bibo, mbibo. yangu. Now it is my turn (to drink). Cf.
-a — . eleventh.
duara. egama, chegama, egema, chegema lean
on,
rest on, be supported;
dungu (ma-) hut or shelter for a watchman approach, prov.
Edeni* see Aden.
durubini* (-) see darubini. mwega haanguki ela mwega kugwa. Who
guarding crops against birds;
-
egema 82 ;leka elekanya 83
supports himself does not fall, unless ekua, wekua break (down), destroy, knock elekanya ass. -caus. of elea. eleza caus. of elea.
his support falls, appl. egamia, egemea. to pieces, intr. ekuka.
intr. egamika, egameka. caus. egesha, elekea, lekea 1. point to, be directed elezo (ma-) (usually maelezo) explanation,
egamisha, egamiza, egamesha, egameza. ekuka intr. of ekua. toward, nyumba yangu inaelekea kusini. description, commentary. Cf. elea,
support, prop up; establish, confirm. My house faces south. 2. appear, seem. mwelezo.
caus. -ass. egeshana. bring together, ekundu adj. red (all shades from yellow- inaelekea kuwa atakuja. It seems that he
connect. Cf. egesha, egemeo, mche- red to red-brown). — kidogo. reddish. will come. 3. realize, understand, sasa elfeen* (-) arch, two thousand.
gamo, mwegamo. wanaanza kuelekea. Now they are be-
ekwata* LEngl.l (-) see ikweta. ginning to understand. Cf. elea (intr.- elfu*, elafu, alfu, alaf, alafu (ma-) thousand.
egema see egama. appl.), elekevu, kielekezo, maelekeo, red. elfu elfu. great number.
mwelekeo, uelekeo, uelekevu, uelekezo.
egemeo (ma-) 1. prop, support; railing,
eliki*, elki, iliki, hiliki Dnd.l (-) carda-
banister. 2. fig. support, assistance. elafu* see elfu. -elekeana, -a kuelekeana adj. opposite, mom (E lettaria cardamomum).
Cf. egama. mistari inayoelekeana. opposite lines/
elea 1. be on the surface, float, swim. sides. Cf. elea.
elimika* be well informed/educated. Cf.
egesha bring up close, bring into contact samaki wanaelea. Fish swim. 2. fig. be
elimu.
with; secure, moor, meli imeegesha. clear/plain/evident, maneno yako elekevu, lekevu, ekevu adj. clear, sensi-
The ship is moored (at the wharf), appl. yamenielea. Your words are clear/ ble, reasonable, intelligent, understand-
elimisha*, elemisha impart knowledge,
egama. obvious to me. caus. eleza. 1. cause
egeshea. ass. egeshana. Cf. ing; (fig') enlightened, open-minded. teach, instruct, train, drill, appl. eli-
caus. -ass. to float. 2. make clear, explain, caus.-
Cf. elekea, uelekevu. mishia. teach something to someone.
appl. elezea, appl.-caus. eleleza.
pass, elimishwa. Cf. elimu.
imitate, copy. intr. -appl. elekea. point
ehee! enhee! inter], expressing agreement elekeza intr.-appl.-caus. of elea.
to, be directed toward; incline toward,
or approval: yes. elimu*, ilmu, ilimu (— ) knowledge, educa-
tend to. intr.-appl.-ass. elekeana. be elektrisiti* {.Engl.1 (-) electricity. tion, science. — ya hesabu. arithmetic,
see hisani. face to face, confront each other, be = umeme.)
ehsani* (-) (
mathematics. — ya afya. hygiene. — ya
opposite; agree, correspond, intr. -ass.
roho {or nafsi). psychology. — ya ukulima.
mad- caus. elekeanisha. intr.-appl.-caus.
ehuka be a lunatic, be seized with eleleza appl.-caus. of elea. agricultural science. Cf. elimika, eli-
mwehu. elekeza. show, show the way; order,
ness. Cf. misha, maalum, mwalimu, taalamu,
direct, elekeza chombo. steer a ship. elemea see lemea. taalimu, mtaalamu, utaalamu, uwalimu.
see idi.
intr.-appl.-caus. -ass. elekezana. reach
eidi* (-)
an agreement, ass. -caus. elekanya. put
elementi* LEngl.J (-) chem. element. Eljuma* see Ijumaa.
acre. one object on top of another, pile up.
eka* [EngZ.3 (-)
See also elekea, elewa, and cf. ^chelezo
elemisha* see elimisha. elki* (-) see eliki.
elekevu, elezo, kieleaji, kielekezo, kielezo,
ekevu see elekevu.
maelekeo, maelezi, maelezo, mwelewa,
elewa (pass, of elea, used actively)
mwelezaji, mwelezo, ueleano, uelekeo, ema adj. good (in gen.), chakula chema.
ekeza rare intr.-appl.-caus. of elea. understand, sielewi maana. I don't
uelekevu, uelekezo, uelezaji. good food, moyo mwema.
a good heart.
understand, simuelewi kamwe. I don't
upepo mwema. pleasant breeze. Cf.
eksidenti* {.Engl.1 (-) see aksidenti. understand him. naelewa kwamba
eleka carry (a child on one's hip/back). mem a, vema, wema.
hatafika tena. I understand that he will
Cf. mbeleko, mweleko.
not come again. Cf. mwelewa. «a (-) dial, weir-basket, fishing-net.
embamba 84 85
epa
enenzi (ma-) (usually maenenzi)

embamba adj. 1. thin, narrow; slender, usimwendekeze maneno yake. Pay no gait, speech to form adjectives. — gi za . dark.
pace, maenenzi ya pole pole
slim, bonde jembamba. a narrow valley. attention to his words, caus. endesha, (haraka). - maji. moist, watery. - wa tu wengi.
slow (rapid) gait. Cf. enda.
mtu mwembamba. a slim/slender person. enza. set in motion, start; steer, con- thickly populated. - kutawala. govern-
2. fig. fine, delicate, nafaka nye- duct, lead (a meeting); manage, operate ing, ruling. Cf. kienyeji, kimwenye,
eneo, cheneo, kieneo (ma-)
mbamba. fine grain, nguo nyembamba. (a business); carry out (a plan). 1. expansion, mwenye, mwenyeji.
area, range, extent;
endesha (rare enza) gari (motakaa). (fig.) sphere of in-
fine material, gauze.
fluence, zone. - la nchi hii. the extent
drive a wagon (an automobile), endesha :nyewe adj. -self (emphasizing identity).
mango eropleni. pilot an airplane. Cf. endapo,

of this country. - la kushilia kwa mtu mwenyewe. the man himself,
embe* \_lnd. ] (-) (fruit). Cf. mimi
majeshi. military occupation zone.
mwembe. endeleo, enenzi, huenda, kiendeleo, mwenyewe. I myself, my very self.
2.: -a eneo. adj. square (as a measure
kujiendesha, mwenda, mwendeleo, sehemu inayojitawala wenyewe. autono-
of arpn). inotii •»„
__ „„„„„ inn., tiuui
emboe (— ) see embwe. mwendeiezi, mwendesha, mweiiucsiioji, oijuare mous region (i.e., self-governing, which
inches. Cf. enea.
mwendo, mwenenzi, mwenzi, uendelezo, governs itself).
embwe, emboe (-) resin, gum (of the uendeshaji, wenzo.

eneza caus. of enea.
baobab). *enyi see -enye.
endapo conj. in case, in the event that...
enezi (ma-) extension, distribution.
enchini* (-) see injini. Cf. enda. Cf. 2 enyi!
enea. interj. ( < ee ninyi) exclamation
referring to 2nd pers. pi. Hey, you there!
enda 1. go (in gen.), move, progress. - endelea double appl. of enda.
ienga split, slit, cut up (e.g., manioc).
kwa miguu. go on foot. — kwa motokaa.
(act of) enza, enenza, eza measure, survey;
go by automobile, drive. — kwa farasi. endeleo, endelezo (ma-, us. pi.) 1.
increase, compare.
ride (a horse). — nyumbani. go into a advancing, proceeding. 2. 2 enga
spoil, pamper,
red. (int.) engaenga.
— mbio. run, gallop, tikiti ya growth, expansion, development.
house. overwhelm someone with affection. 9
kurudi. round-trip ticket. 3. improvement, enhancement, progress. enza caus. of enda.
kwenda na
3. do, act. — 4. rare success. Cf. enda. engua remove foam/cream.
2. go forward, proceed. — siagi katika
enzi*. aenzi, ezi
chafya. sneeze. — miayo. yawn, in maziwa. separate the cream from the 1. (-) power; rule,
naenda (njia) endeleza double appl.-caus. of enda. milk. dominion, sovereignty, kiti cha -.
con], w. poss. pron.:
zangu. I go my own way. imp. sing. throne, katika - ya... during the reign
nenda, enenda; pZ. nendeni. nendeni endesha caus. of enda. enhee! see ehee!
of... 2. invest with power; install,
oppZ. inaugurate (as ruler); exalt, glorify.

zenu. Go about your business.
endea kuni. go to enea spread, expand; become known, caus. enjili* (-) see
endea. go for/with, injili.
collect firewood, appl.-refl. jiendea. eneza. spread, expand (something); make epa turn aside, get out of the way; go
known; compare, eneza habari. spread round, make a detour; deviate,
go by oneself, take a walk for pleasure. enjine* (-) rare see injini. diverge;
news, advertise, caus. -ass. enezana. reflect; avoid, evade;
double appl. endelea. go forward, move ma ke ex-
(fig. J
Cf. eneo, enezi, chenezo, maenezo, cuses, wriggle out of something;

ahead; make progress; continue, habari -enu poss. pron. 2nd pers. pi. your. shirk
mwenea, mweneza, mwenezi. (something), make oneself scarce,
inaendelea. The story will be continued. nyumba yenu. your house, nyumba zenu. caus.
epesha, efya. inv. epua. put out
double appl.-caus. endeleza. develop; your houses. of the
enenda imper. see enda. way, clear away, remove,
spell (words), intr. endeka. njia epua chungu
impassable. motoni. take a pot off the
haiendeki. The street is -enye, -enyi possessing, having, contain- fire, inv.-intr.
adapt, adjust; enenza see *enza. epuka. same senses as epa. inv. -ass.
intu-caus. endekeza. fit, ing, used in conj. w. other parts of
epukana. pass by each other, avoid
pay attention; spoil (a child).
epesi 86 ezeko
faeia
each other; be at variance, disagree. esi* (— ) rare see hesi. (-)

'A* ezua uncover; remove roofing (grass,
inv.-caus. epusha. keep at a distance,
straw). Cf. ezeka.
reject, nimeepushwa. I am kept from espesheli* LEngl.J adv. especially.
(doing something), -siyoepukika. un-

avoidable, inevitable. *eti conj. as if.
epesi adj. 1. light (in weight), kiatu

êti! see ati!
chepesi. slipper. 2. quick, fast, swift;
(fig) energetic; hasty, impatient. 3. un-

-etu poss. pron. 1st pers. pi. our. kitabu
important, of no consequence, not 1. die, perish. — fadhaika* be confused/terrified,
chetu. our book, vitabu vyetu. our books. fa njaa (baridi). die of caus.
serious. hunger (cold), be very hungry (cold). fadhaisha. Cf. fadhaa.
eua 1. cleanse, purify, fig., re I. purify by — kucheka. die laughing, split one's
eproni* LEngl.J (— ) apron. sides. — show kindness/favor; lay under
prayer or magic. 2. med. disinfect, appl. maji. drown. 2. lose fadhili* 1.
eulia. strength, suffer loss of..., come to an an obligation, put in one's debt. appl.
epua inv. of epa. end. — macho, become blind, lose one's fadh ilia. intr. fadhilika. be well-disposed,
eupe adj. 1. white, light (in color); light eyesight, saa imekufa. The clock has show good will. 2. (— ) kindness, favor,
epuka inv.-intr. of epa. stopped, desturi hizi zimekufa. These amiability; preference, privilege; grati-
bright, transparent, clean, clear. 2. fig.
open, free, nchi nyeupe. open land (with- practices are no longer observed, appl. tude, prov. — ya punda (ni) mashuzi
epusha inv.-caus. of epa. fia. amefia wapi? Where did he die? The donkey's gratitude is stench. Cf.
out trees), moyo mvveupe. an open/
honest character. double appl. filia. pass. fiwa. amefiwa afadhali, mfadhili, tafadhali, ufadhili.
erevu adj. clever, shrewd, talented, na mtotowake. His child has died.
capable, ingenious; crafty, sly. Cf. caus. fisha. refl.-caus. jif isha. commit fafanisha contrast, compare; explain. Cf.
eusi, ausi adj. 1. black, dark (in color).
erevuka, mwerevu, werevu. suicide. 2,.„
kifa, kifo,
li
kifu, fafanua.
2. fig. dark, gloomy. Cf. fu,
ma fa, mafu, mfisha, mfiwa, mfu, ufu.

erevuka be shrewd, intelligent, enlightened. fafanua recognize, understand, see clearly.
evvaa*, eewaa, eewala interj. of assent or
caus. erevusha. make wise, open approval: yes, faa be good, be of use; fit, suit, be appl. fafanulia. make clear to someone.
someone's eyes, enlighten. Cf. erevu. suitable/appropriate; be sufficient/ caus. fafanusha. explain, make clear.
ewe! interj. ( < ee wewe) Hey there! adequate; help, haifai. It is useless/ intr. fafanuka. be recognizable, clear,
erevusha caus. of erevuka. plain. Cf. fafanusi, mfafanusi, ufafa-
unsuitable /inappropriate /improper.
ewedeka see weweseka. appl. falia. ass. faana. be useful to/ nuzi; also fafanisha.
eria* LEngl.J (-) area.
help each other. Cf. fana, fanana,
eza see *enza. fanya, kifaa, kifano, mafaa, mfano, fafanusha caus. of fafanua.
erieli* LEngl.J (-) elec. aerial,
mfanya, mfanyaji, mfanyizaji,
antenna. — nyumba. cover a roof fafanusi (— ) theory. Cf. fafanua.
ezeka 1. cover. ufananaji, ufanyaji.
(with grass, straw). 2. fig. beat, thrash.

eropleni* {.Engl. J (-) airplane, endesha fagia sweep, brush, remove appl.
Cf. ezeko, ezua, mwezekaji, mwezeko. fadhaa*, fazaa, fatha ( — ) difficulty, (dirt),
— . pilot an airplane, njia ya —. air-

excitement, confusion, shikwa na fagilia. caus. (int.) fagiza. pass.
line. covering a roof, — fagiwa. Cf. fagio, mfagiaji, mfagio,
ezeko (ma-) 1. (act of) (patwa na) . be involved in diffi-
9 thatching. 2. material for roof covering. culties, be thrown into confusion. Cf. ufagio.
esha* (-) see isha.
Cf. ezeka. fadhaika.
. .
Falada 89
faki
Falada*, Faladi sing., arch. Mombasa. fania see fanya.

fagio (ma-), kifagio (vi-) broom, brush. fahuvva* see fauwa.
Cf. fagia.
falaki* (— ) astronomy, astrology, piga — fanicha* {.Engl. ] (-) furniture.
faida*, fayida (— ) gain, earnings, profit;
prophesy, tell fortunes; cast a horo-
fagiza caus. (int.) of fagia. (coll.) interest (on a loan), mkopo bila
scope. fanidi* choose, select (by comparing).
ya — . interest-free loan. — ghafi. gross
fahali* (— , ma-) 1. bull. prov. mafahali profits. — safi. net profits. — ya hesa.
falani* (— ) see fulani. fanikia* succeed in something, attain (a
wawili hawakai zizi moja. Two bulls dividend. Cf. faidi.
goal), pass, fanikiwa. be successful.
cannot live in the same herd (farmyard).
fali* ( — ) omen, augury; fate, chance. Cf. fanaka, fanikio, mafanikio, ufanikivu.
2. adj., fig. manly, brave, strong. faidi* profit/benefit from something; bear
interest; prosper, thrive, appl. faidia. f_l ;.!* •.
'»"" i
\ — \
)
r
laiin1 • I 1
icmiurcu a game; Lag;,
1 1 > \
fanikio" (ma-) success. Cf. fanaka,
fahamivu*, fahamifu adj. 1. intelligent, biashara imemfaidia. He made a profit
fanikia.
quick, acute. 2. understood, implied, on the business. Cf. faida.
falka*, faluka (— ) naut. hold (of a ship).
sharti — . implied condition.. Cf. fahamu.
fanikiwa* see fanikia.
faili* {.Engl. J (ma-) file (of papers).
falme pi. of ufalme.
fahamu* 1. know, be acquainted with,
fanusi* (— ) lantern, lamp; headlight,
understand, fahamu Pay attention! fainali* LEngl.J {—) sport final (round
philosophy. (~ liekima.)
!
falsafa* (— ) rare searchlight.

kutofahamu. misunderstand, appl. or match).
fahamia. intr. fahamika. be understood/

faluda* (— ) porridge made of corn (maize). fanya, fania make, do, perform, produce.
understandable; remember, caus. faha- faini* LEngl. J (-) fine, penalty, toza —
— shainba. prepare a field (for planting).
misha. inform, remind. 2. (— ) (also charge/exact a fine, lipa — . pay a fine.
faluka* (— ) see falka. — amani. make peace. — biashara. carry
ufahami sing.) understanding, intelli-
on trade. — dawa. give medical treat-
gence; consciousness; memory, recol- faiti*, fawiti hinder, check; delay, detain;
fana prosper, succeed, ass. fanana, q.v. ment. — kazi. work. — kelele. be noisy.
lection, potea — . lose consciousness. keep someone waiting, intr. faitika. be
caus. fanya, q.v. Cf. faa. — mali. accumulate wealth, make a profit.
Cf. fahamivu, ufahamikiano, ufahamivu.
delayed, be prevented (from going some-
— matata. cause trouble. — shauri. ad-
where).
fanaka* (— ) prosperity, success, benefit. vise, negotiate, discuss. — serikali.
faharasa*, fahirisi (-) list, index, catalog,
Cf. fanikia, fanikio. form a government, appl. fanyia. appl.-
table of contents. faja* (— ) rare stable. (= ^zizi.)
refl. jifanyia. do something without
fanana be similar, resemble, caus. purpose/unsystematically. intr. fanyika.
fahari*, fakhari 1 boast, brag, show off, fajaa* adv., rare suddenly, unexpectedly,
fananisha. compare, contrast. Cf. faa, be done, take place; be feasible, practi-
plume oneself. appZ. faharia. caus.
fana. cable, caus. fanyiza, fanza. repair, put
faharisha, fahari. reft, jifaharisha. fakaika*, fakefu adv., rare much more,
in order; complete, perfect, ass. fanyana.
boast, pride oneself. 2. (-) dignity, much less; not to speak of. Cf. fauka.
faneli*, fanel \_Engl. J ( — ) rare funnel act together/jointly, cooperate, refl.
glory, magnificence, pomp, ostentation,
(of a ship), chimney. jifanya. pretend, pose, feign, pass.
pride, arrogance, fanya — . give one- fakefu* fakaika.
fanywa. Cf. fa, fana.
self airs, be haughty/arrogant. 3. adj.
fanguru* L?J (— ) clamp, vise.
kwa — . splendid, magnificent; proud, fakhari* fahari.
fanza caus. of fanya.
pompous, ostentatious.
fani* adj. worthy, valuable; favorable,
fakiri*, fukara 1. (-) beggar, poor person.
successful. fara*, farafara, furifuri adj. /adv. brimful.
fahi i* (— ) see faharasa. 2. adj. poor. Cf. fukarika, ufukara. jaa — be full to the brim. Cf.
. fori, fura.
farad hi 90 faris 91
faritha fedeha
faradhi*, faridha (— ) 1. immutability. ^faranga* tPort. J (ma-) {also dimin. faritha* rare pay (for). exposition, interpretation; translation.
2. obligation, necessity, kula ni — ya kifaranga, vi-) young bird, nestling, Cf. mfasiri, tafsiri.
kila mtu. Every human being must eat. chick. (
= kinda, mtoto.) faru ( — ) [augment, of kifaru) 1. (large)
rhinoceros. 2. fig., mil. tank, armored fata see fyata.

farafara* see fara.
farangi* (— ) med., rare syphilis. car.
(
= kaswende.) fataki* ( — ) 1. mil. percussion cap.
faragha* (rare feraga) 1. {— ) seclusion, faruma*, foroma \_P ort. J (— ) form /last foi 2. fireworks. 3. elec. fuse.
privacy; secrecy, secret, nilisema naye Faransa* 1. adj. French. 2. sing. France blocking caps (after washing).
kwa — . I have spoken with him privately. (
= Ufaransa). Cf. Mfaransa, Kifaransa. fatha* ( — ) see fadhaa.
coll. amekwenda — He has gone . to the farumi*, farumu, furumi ( — ) naut. ballast.
toilet. 2. adv. personally, privately, farasi* (— ) 1. horse, enda kwa ~. ride. Cf. iurumiza. fathah' 1
'
adv. exceiientiy.
secretly. panda — . mount a horse, shuka juu ya
— . dismount. 2. frame, framework, farumu* (— ) see farumi. fatiha* (— ) 'Opener' = first sura of the
faragua* boast, brag. support. — ya baisikeli. frame of a Koran.
bicycle. 3. knight (chess). Cf. ki- fasaha*, fasihi adj. pure, correct (style);
faraja* (— ) rest, comfort, consolation, farasi. faultless, lucid, lugha yake — sana. fatiisha* be curious, inquisitive; search,
relief, support, pata — get relief/rest.
. His language is very correct. Cf. spy on. Cf. tafiti, tafuta.
coll. amepatikana na — He is dead.

.
farasila* (— ) see frasila. ufasaha.
Cf. fariji, mfariji. fauka*, foko: — ya. rare more than. Cf.
faridha* (— ) see faradhi. faseha* (— ) rare cleanliness, purity. fakaika.

faraji* see fariji. Cf. fasaha.
fariji*, faraji comfort, console, relieve, faulu* 1. succeed, be successful, reach
Ifaraka* (— ) wool-comb, weaver's comb. help. appl. farijia. intr. farijika. Cf. fashini* iPers. ?J (— ) naut. rudder- one's goal, bila kufaulu. unsuccess-
faraja. block. fully. 2. naut. get past, get round (a
Cf. fariki.
point, etc.), weather (a storm). 3. (—
separate from, be fasihi* see fasaha. success = ufaulu).
fariki*, faraka rare (
"faraka* (— ) division, sect. Cf. fariki.
divorced from. fig. — dunia. die. appl.
farikia. caus. farikisha. ass. farakana, fasiki* (— ) immoral/dissolute person. fauwa!*, fahuwa ! interj., rare good! all
ifaraka* see fariki.
farikiana. be separated from each other. Cf. ufasiki. right! it doesn't matter.
1 2
Cf. faraka, faraka, farakano, mfariki,
farakana* ass. of fariki.
mfaruku. Masili* (— ) 1. shoot, sprout. 2. fig. off-
fawiti* see faiti.
spring, descendant, hana asili wala —

farakano* (ma-) 1. separation, division,
farikiana* ass. of fariki. fayida* (— ) see faida.
— la dini. reli-
He has no family connections.
split, faction, sect.
gious sect. — la chama. splitting up of

fazaa* — see fadhaa.
Farisayo* (ma-) Bibl. Pharisee. ( )
a party. 2. segregation. Cf. fariki. ^fasili* cut, tailor (clothes).
farisi* adj. experienced, skilful, expert, Februari* LEngLJ (—) February.

fasiri* 1. explain, interpret; translate
Maranga* (ma-) franc (unit of currency).
capable. Cf. ufarisi.
(languages), appl. fasiria. caus.
fedeha* (— ) see fedheha.
fasirisha. 2. (— ) explanation,
feuli 93
fedha 92 fetv
feuli* (— ) naut. (ship's) hold. insolent, shameless; rude, unmannerly,

fedha* (— ) silver; money, currency, coin. feleti* free, discharge, absolve, release
— (made — boorish; provoking, defiant. Cf.
-a . of) silver. taslimu (from an obligation or promise).
(mkononi tayari). ready money, cash, fezuli* (ma-) see fidhuli. fidhulika, mfidhuli, ufidhuli.
mambo ya — . financial matters. — za *feli* LEngl.J rare fail, be unsuccessful.

mkopo. loan, credit, waziri wa (mambo fezulika* see fidhulika.
^fidhulika*, fedhulika, fezulika. boast,
alifeli mtihani wake. He failed the ex-
ya) — . minister of finance, prov. — amination. anguka (sub angua). talk big; be arrogant. Cf. fidhuli.
Cf.
fedheha. Money does not make happi- fi* prep, in, on, with, by.
ness. 2 fidhulika*
^feli* 1. surprise, catch, discover, detect, see fidhuli 2.
Ifia (— ) fia (kind of snake).
alimfeli mumewa na bibi mwingine. She
fedhaluka*, fethaluka (— ) 1. min. carne-
redeem, ransom; pay a ransom, put up
caught her husband with another woman. fidi*
iian. 2. marijani ya — . red coral. ^fia appl. of fa. bail, post bond. appl. fidia. fidia mtu.
alimfeli alipokuwa anaoga. He surprised
him while he was bathing. 2. (— ) mis- to ransom someone, pass, fidiwa. Cf.
fedheha*, fedeha (— ) shame, disgrace, fianda see fyanda.
deed, mishap. fidia, ufidio.
insult, scandal. Cf. fedhehi.
fiata fyata. fidia* (— ) (also kifidio, vi-) 1. ransom

fenesi*, finesi Llnd.J (ma-) 1. jackfruit; ,
fedhehi* put someone to shame, disgrace,

fine, reparation; bail, bond. 2. rel. re-
durian, breadfruit. Cf. mfenesi.
dishonor. Cf. fedheha. ficha (dial, fita) hide, conceal; put demption.
2. proper name (fern.) (chiefly in Cf. fidi.
aside; keep secret, refl. jificha.
Mombasa).
fedhuli* (ma-) see fidhuli. conceal oneself, hide, jificha mvua. fidia* lEngl.l (-) fiddle, violin.
seek shelter from the rain. stat.
feraga (— ) rare see faragha.
fedhulika* see fidhulika. fichama. be hidden/concealed, inv. fido (— ) wand, sapling, switch.
fichua. 1. uncover, reveal, take out.
ferdausi* LPers.J (— ) rel. paradise.
fefe (— ) fefe (variety of perennial grass, 2. pay someone for something. Cf. fidua, fudua 1. uncover, take out, turn
often used for thatching roofs). ficho, fichuo, kifichoficho, maficho, inside out. 2. expose the glans
ferefere (— ) see felefele. (of the
mfichaji. penis); wash after circumcision.
feguli* (ma-) see fidhuli.
fereji*, feleji (ma-) channel, canal; ditch,
ficho (ma-) (us. maficho or kificho, vi-) fieka see fyeka.
sewer; pipe. Cf. mfereji.
feka* see fyeka. concealment, screen, hiding-place, kaa
masc. mafichoni. remain in hiding. Cf. ficha. fieko (ma-) see fyeko.
feruzi* (— ) 1. turquoise. 2. pr. n.
felefele, ferefere (— ) felefele (inferior
kind of millet). fichua inv. of ficha. fifia disappear, die away; wilt, wither;
fesheni* LEngl.A (—) fashion, style;
(modern) manners, way of life, hii ni — fade (of colors), appl. fifilia. pass, fi-
felegi* (-) see feleji. fichuo (ma-) 1. discovery, revelation. fiwa. caus. fifisha, fifiliza. cause to
ya sasa. This is the latest fashion.
2. present given by bridegroom to disappear; (fig.) pretend not to hear or
ifeleji*. felegi iPers.l (-) steel (of bride. Cf. ficha. understand, feign forgetfulness. Cf.
feta* see fetwa.
good quality). ufifi.
pass judgment, make a legal fidhuli*, fedhuli, fezuli, feguli, fudhali.

fetwa*, feta 1.
1. (ma-) impudent/insolent person. figa (ma-) (usually mafiga) cooking-stone
2feleji* (ma-) see fereji. decision. 2. {— ) (legal) decision, judg-
2. {also fidhulika) adj. impudent, (one of three, supporting a pot), prov.
ment, verdict.
figili 94 filosofia
fimb 95
mafiga mawili hayaivishi chungu. You deep in thought, kwa (katika) — yake. fimbi ( —) ornith. crowned hornbill. finyo (ma-) (usually mafinyo) 1. fold,
can't cook with only two cooking-stones. in his opinion. = kwembe.) wrinkle,
( mafinyo ya uso. wrinkles on
the face. 2. narrowness, coll. njia ya
figili* (— ma-) (kind
, of) radish. Cf. fikiri* (also tafakari) think, reflect, con- fimbo (— ) stick, cane, piga — . beat some- — . narrow street, Cf. finya.
mfigili. sider; meditate, ponder; examine, appl. one with a stick.
fikiria. fio (— ) arch, rein(s).
figo (ma-) anat. kidney. (- buki, nso.) finesi* (ma-) see fenesi.
fikra* (— ) see fikira. fioa see fyoa.
figu* L?J ( — ) quarrel, dispute. "finga protect by magic (field, house),

filam* (— ) see film. caus. fingiza. prevent, forbid. Cf. fira ( — ) cobra.
figuta rare work a bellows. Cf. vukuta. lingo.
filifili* (— ) angle iron, carpenter's square.
^fira* practice sodomy/pederasty. Cf.
figuto (ma-) rare heat, sweat. Cf. fukuto. finginyika (also vinginyika, vivinyuka)
mfiraji.
Ifilimbi (— ) ornith. hornbill. writhe, wriggle; coil, twist, wind.
fihi*, fii (— ) discord, dispute, dissension,

firaha*, firaka, firari (— ) anat. penis.
difference of opinion. fingirika, vingirika turn, roll (along), turn
^filimbi, firimbi (ma-) (kind of) flute,
somersaults, appl. fingirikia. caus.
whistle. firangi* (— ) rare, med. measles. (
= surua.)
fika arrive, get to..., reach. — mjini. fingirisha. turn/roll something.
arrive in a city, amesafiri kufika Tanga. fingirisha chuma cha pua. roll steel.
filisi*, firisi 1. go bankrupt, declare bank- firari* (— ) see firaha.
He traveled to Tanga. appl. fikia.
make the highest bid (at an
Cf. ufingirishaji.
ruptcy. 2.
reach someone, intr. fifika. be acces-
auction). 3. win all the money (in gam- firashi* (— ) bedspread, quilt.
sible; (fig.) be hospitable, caus. fiki- fingo (ma-) charm, spell (as a protection
bling), appl. filisia. intr. filisika.
sha. cause to reach, lead to, escort. against evil). Cf. finga.
mwenye kufilisika. bankrupt (person). firidi* rare have a pleasant smell, be
double appl. -caus. fikiliza, fikilisha. pass, filisiwa. be
caus. filisisha. fragrant.
cause to reach someone, send to, bring finika see funika.
overcome/obsessed by a particular
upon. ass. fikana. appl.-ass. fikiana.
desire/ambition, moyo wake ulifisiliwa firigisi* (— ) crop, craw, gizzard (of birds).
arrive/meet at the same place, double finya pinch, nip, tweak; press, squeeze.
na tamaa kubwa ya kutumikia Mwenyezi
appl.-ass. fikiliana. come to the same kiatu kinamfinya. His shoes are too
Mungu. He was overcome by the desire firimbi (ma-) see filimbi.
result/conclusion, agree. Cf. kifiko, tight, fig. — uso. scowl, red. (int.
to serve God. Cf. mfilisi, mfilisika,
kufika, mfiko. finyafinya. crumble, break into small
muflisi, ufilisi. firisi* see filisi.
pieces, ass. finyana. be drawn/pinched/
fikara* (-) see fikira. wrinkled (the face), dur. finyaa.

film*, filmu, filam [Engl.] (-) film, fisadi* (ma-), mfisadi (wa-) corrupter,
— shrivel, become thin/emaciated, lose
movie, tia katika kamera. put film in seducer, immoral person, libertine. Cf.
fikicha break into small pieces, crumble; weight. Cf. finyo, mfinyo.
a camera, safisha — . develop a film. fisidi, ufisadi.
rub. — macho, rub the eyes. intr. fiki-
chita. be friable/brittle. finyanga knead clay, make pottery, appl.

filmu* (— ) see film. fisha caus. of fa.
finyangia. caus. finyangiza. Cf.
fikira*, fikara, fikra (-) thought, idea; mfinyanzi, ufinyanzi. fisi (— ) (common) hyena.
filosofia* [Engl.] (-) philosophy. Cf. kifisifisi.
sudden idea, theory, brainstorm; re- (= hekima, falsafa.)
flection, yuko katika - zake. He is
forota 97 fufua
fisidi 96 forosadi
forota* snore. Cf. korota. koroma. fuasa caus. of fuata.

fisidi* destroy, ruin, corrupt; (fig.) foka overflow, run over (of liquids), fig.
seduce; violate, rape. Cf. fisadi, bubble over, gush (in speaking), appl.
forsadi* (— ) see forosadi. fuata 1. follow, succeed, pursue; accompany;
ufisadi. fokea. Cf. mfoko.
obey, comply with. — sheria. obey the
foto* {.Engl. ] (-) photo(graph). law. 2. imitate, copy. — mfano. take as an
fisifisi* (— ) see fusfus. foko* see fauka.
example, caus. fuatisha, fuatiza, fuasa.
fotoa* \_Engl. J: — foto. take a photo- copy, trace, ass. fuatana. accompany
fita see ficha. fola* (— ) a gift given by a person who holds
(graph). one another, go together (in a crowd); be
a baby for the first time (both to wish the
a (natural) result of, ensue, namba zina-
fitina*, fitna 1. {— ) discord, strife; infant good luck and to indicate that the
fowadi*, foadi tEngl. J (ma-) sport for- zofuatana. numbers in sequence. Cf.
intrigue; rebellion, mutiny, revolt, fanya person holding the child has no ill-feel- ,.,„..j. /_..-/ „»..,. _i.
i
kifnas: ir.afsatar.c n-.f-jaoi n-.f-jatsr.c
(leta, tia) — make
. trouble, cause dis- ings toward it).
ufuasi, ufuataji, ufuatano.
sension, agitate. 2. (ma-) mischief-
frasila*, farasila (— ) unit of weight (about
maker, agitator. Cf. fitini, ufitina. fomu* Y.Engl.1 (— ) form, pattern; (printed)
16 kg, 35 lb.) fuatano (ma-) see mafuatano.
form, blank, questionnaire, jaza — . fill
fitini* agitate; slander; cause trouble, do out a form/questionnaire.

fremu* LEngl.J (— ) frame (of a bicycle, fuawe (--, ma-) anvil. Cf. fua.
damage. oppZ. fitinia. appl.-ass.
etc.).
fitiniana. caus. fitinisha. Cf. fitina, fora* 1. defeat someone (in a game), win,
fub aa see fuwaE
mfitini, ufitina. be successful. 2. (— ) victory; (sport)
fu adj. dead. Waislamu hawali nyamafu.
goal, katika mashindano timu yetu
Moslems do not eat the meat of dead fudhali* (ma-) see fidhuli.
fitiri* (— ) see futari. imetia — . Our team won in the contest,
animals. Cf. fa, kifu, mafu, mfu, ufu.
piga — . win out, top the list.
fudifudi, fulifuli, kifudifudi, kifulifuli adv.
fitna* (— ) see fitina.
'fua 1. strike, beat, hammer. — chuma on the face, face down, upside down,
fordha* (— ) see forodha.
(fedha). hammer iron (silver). — nazi. lala — . lie face down. Cf. fudikiza.
fito pi. of ufito.
break open a coconut. — nguo. wash
fori* adv. (also, rare fulifuli) abundantly,
= pound) laundry, appl. fulia. caus. fudikiza turn over, turn upside down/
(
fiwa pass, of fa. in great quantities. Cf. fara.
inside out, turn face downwards (e.g.,
fulisha. caus. & int. fuliza. fig. keep
on, continue doing something, pass. playing cards). Cf. fudifudi.
fiwi (— ) lima bean. Cf. mfiwi. forodha*, fordha, furdha (— ) customhouse.
fuliwa, fuawa. 2. (—, ma-) washtub.
loc. forodhani. ship's cargo, reloading
fudua see fidua.
Cf. fuawe, fuliza, fuo, kifuo, mfua,
fizi pi. of ufizi. place.
mfulizo, mfululizo, mfuo, ufuaji.
fufua 1. wake up, revive, renew. — des-
flana* (— ) see fulana. foroma* [.Port.l (-) see faruma.
^fua (ma-) see mafua. turi. revive (old) customs. — deni. ask
for payment of a forgotten debt.
flotile* (-) see furutile. foromali* (-) naut. yard, spar.
2. - mtu. rel. bring someone back from the
3fua (— , ma-) wooden bowl.
dead. intr. fufuka (katika wafu). rise
foadi* (ma-) see fowadi. foronya* {.Port. J (— ) pillowcase.
from the dead, be resurrected/revived.
fuama, fulama, furama lie prone, caus. &
Cf. mfufuaji, ufufuko.
fofofo adv. completely, totally, abso- forosadi*, forsadi (-) mulberry. Cf. int. fuamisha, fuamiza. put down flat.
lutely, kufa — . be dead as a doornail. mforsadi.
lala — . sleep very soundly.

fufuli 98 fukus tnku2 99 fumbi
fufuliza see fuliza. fukarika* become impoverished, be ruined. fukuzano (ma-) {us. mafukuzano) expul- assemblies). Cf. fumukano, mfuma,
Cf. fakiri. sion, banishment; persecution, molesta- mfumi, *mfumo, mfumua.
fufurika rare boil over, overflow. tion. Cf. fukuza.
fukia dig in, fill up (with earth). — kaburi.
^fuma pierce, penetrate. Cf. fume, fumo.
fufutende adj. lukewarm, tepid. fill in a grave, appl. fukilia. caus. ful* fuar
fukiza, fukisha. inv. fukua. dig out, dig
fumania 1. surprise, appear unexpectedly,
fuga keep in captivity; tame (animals J; up. — mizizi. dig up roots, fig. rummage fulana*, flana \_Engl.J (— ) 1. sweater,
take by surprise, catch unawares. 2.
Cf
raise, breed (livestock). — ng'ombe through, ransack. Cf. "fuko, fukuo, cardigan. 2. undershirt, vest.
discover someone in a wrongful act
(mbuzi).- keep/raise cattle (goats). mfukuaji. 3. flannel.
(e.g., adultery), intr. fumanika. caus.
fig. protect, intr. fugika. farasi huyu
fumaniza.
hafugiki. This horse is not tameable. fukizo, vnti^n (ma-) vapor, steam, fumes, fulani* {rare, falani) 1. (— ) so-and-so,
Cf. fugo, mfuga, mfugo, ufugaji. smoke; something used for fumigation, what's-his-name. — amefika. «hiii.'B-
fumba 1. bring together, close. — macho
incense, etc. Cf. fuka. his-name has arrived. 2. adj. such and
(kinywa). close the eyes (the mouth).
fugo (ma-) breeding (of animals); breaking such, some or other, any, a given...
2. disguise, mystify, make a secret of.
in, training; domestication. Cf. fuga. fuko (ma-) 1. augment, of mfuko. 2. rare bidhaa — . such and such goods, namba
— maneno. speak mysteriously (in rid-
womb. — . a given number.
dles), refl. jifumba. be wrapped up in
fuja confuse, bring into confusion, make a
oneself, live in a world of one's own.
mess of something; overturn, turn upside ^fulifuli see fudifudi.
^fuko (ma-) 1. hole, pit, ditch, trench, stat. fumbama. be in a state of confusion,
down; waste, squander. Cf. fujo,
excavation. 2. dam, embankment; mole, fumbama akili. lose one's senses, not be
m fuja ji.
pier. 3. zool. mole. Cf. fukia. fulifuli* adv., rare for in one's right mind. cont. fumbata. em-
brace, grasp, seize, clutch, inv. fumbua.
fujo (— ma-) disorder, confusion, unrest;
,
fukombe (— ) see furukombe. fuliza, fululiza, fuuza, fuuliza, fufuliza open. coll. kufumba na kufumbua (macho),
noise, tumult, fanya (tia) — . throw into
{caus. & intr. of fua) do something un- in a moment, fig. reveal, disclose; ex-
disorder, red. fujofujo. extreme dis-
fukua inv. of fukia. interruptedly/continuously, mvua ime- plore, inv. -intr. fumbuka. reveal oneself,
order, total confusion. Cf. fuja.
fuliza siku tano. It rained continuously appear. Cf. fumbo, m fumba, mfumbua,
fukuo (ma-) cavity, excavation. Cf. fukia. for five days. ufumbuzi; also vumbua.
Ifuka, vuka smoke, give off smoke/fumes/
vapor, jiko iinafuka moshi. The stove fukuta see vukuta. see
fululiza fuliza. ^fumba ( — ) bag made of matting, mkeka wa
is smoking, appl. fukia. caus. fukiza,
— . 1. woven sleeping bag. 2. shroud.
fukisha. smoke (something), fumigate, fukuto, vukuto (ma-) 1. vapor, exhalation, fulusi* (-) 1. fulusi (kind of fish). 2. coll. Cf. kifumba, kifumbu.
burn incense. Cf. fukizo, fukuto, fusho, (smell of) perspiration. 2. heat, tem- money, cash. •
kifukizo, kifuku, mfukuto, mvuke, ufu- perature. 3. stuffiness, closeness (of a

fumba (ma-) heap, lump.
kizo, ufukuto. room). Cf. fuka.
fuma weave, knit, crochet, embroider;
plait, braid; sew together, inv. fumua.

fukuza drive out, drive/chase away; reject, Mumbi (ma-) stream, brook; drain, gutter;
2fuka (— ) fuka (oatmeal porridge with
loosen, untie, unravel, undo, unroll.
expel, banish; discharge (from a job). ditch. — la (kupandia) mpunga. furrow for
pepper and cardamom). 1. release, fumua vita, start war.
fig.
— katika nchi. expel/banish/exile from planting rice.
2. uncover, reveal, inv. -appl. fumulia.
fuka (-) faki a country. Cf. fukuzano, mfukuzi.
inv. -intr. fumuka. inv. -intr. -ass. fumu-
fumbi (— ) see ibi.
kana. separate, scatter, disperse (after
.
fumbo 100 fundo fundua 101 funguo
bundle of clothes. 3. fig. difficulty, birth, amejifungua mtoto wa kike. She

*fumbo (ma-) 1. mystery; puzzle, riddle; 2funda learn, caus. fundisha, funza.
complication, confusion. — la moyo. has given birth to a girl. Cf. fungasha,
problem. 2. mysterious/veiled language, teach, instruct, educate, caus. -ass.
bad humor, grudge. Cf. funda, fundika. fungo, kifunga, kifungo, kifungua, ki-
hidden/obscure meaning; hint, allusion. funzana. teach each other, study to- funguo, mafungia, mafungulia, m funga,
sema kwa — use veiled language, speak
. gether, refl. (ku)jifundisha, jifunza.
fundua untie, loosen. — chupa. open/un- mfungizo, mfungo, mfungua, mfunguo,
in riddles (hints, allusions), mwandiko teach oneself, learn, study. Cf. fundi,
cork a bottle, fig. overcome difficulties. mfungwa, ufunguaji, ufunguo.
wa — code,. cipher. 3. dial.: jina la — funzo, kifundi, mafundisho, mfundis-
Cf. funda, fundika.
pseudonym. Cf. fumba. haji, mkufunzi, mwanafunzi, uanafunzi,
^funga pi. of ufunga.
ufundi.
*funga 1. tie (on, up). — (kwa) kamba. tie
^fumbo (ma-) fumbo (title of a chief). Cf.
with a cord or string. 2. fasten, secure; fungasa see fungasha.
f„mn 3 fnnJ a (ma-) mouthful, sv/allov/. - yz
close, shut, lock. -» mlango. shut/lock
maji. a mouthful of water, piga mafunda.
a door. — barua. seal up a letter. — fungasha, fungasa {caus. of 4"unga) take
fumbua inv. of fumba. to take large bites of food.
choo. med. be constipated. — (piga) someone (something) in tow, pull along.
breki. put on the brake. — maneno.

fume (ma-) person wounded (by a spear). ^funda rare tie in a knot. = fundika.)
(
clench the teeth. 3. imprison. — gere- fungate (— ) 1. arch, seven. 2. the first
Cf. fuma. seven days wedding (when food
zani. put in jail. 4. conclude. — mapa- after a
fundarere (— ) fundarere (kind of snake). is supplied to the newly-weds by their
tano ya biashara. make a business deal,
Mumi (— ) fumi (kind of fish). conclude a contract. 5. decide on. — relatives), honeymoon.
funde (ma-) something pounded; powder. safari (vita), decide on/begin a journey
1
2 fumi (-) Cf. funda. (war), make preparations, funga virago * fungo (— ) Isl. period of fasting. Cf.
see vumi.
vyake. pack one's bags, close out one's iunga.
fundi, funzi (— ) craftsman, skilled worker; affairs. 6. sport win. 7. elec: — stimu.
fumo (ma-) 1. rare spear. 2. fumo (title of
expert, master (of something); instructor. turn off. 8. fast. jifunga. 1. de-
a chief). Cf. fuma, fumbo. refl. Mfungo (— ) civet cat.
yeye ni — kwa kucheza mpira. He is a vote oneself to, give special attention
master at football-playing. — cherehani. to. 2. become involved in a difficult
fumua inv. of fuma.
tailor. — wa cherehani. sewing-machine situation, intr. fungika. be closeable.
Mungu (ma-) 1. part, share; piece. — la
9
repairman. Cf. funda. nyama. a piece of meat, gramm.: — la
fumukano (ma-) (us. mafumukano) separa- ass. fungana. ass. -caus. funganya. pack
maneno. sentence, liter.: verse. 2. hea
tion, dispersal, breaking up (of a meet- up, get ready for a trip. stat. fungama.
fundika tie a knot, draw tight, tie up. Cf.
pile; quantity, group; (mil.) small unit,
ing, etc.); spreading, diffusion. Cf.
be tight/firm/dense, stat.-ass. funga-
funda, fundo, fundua, kifundo, mfundo. company; (sport) league. 3. naut. sand-
fur
mana. be intertwined, be impenetrable
bank, reef. Cf. kifungu.
(forest), siasa ya fungamana. policy of
2
fundisha caus. of funda. alignment, inv. fungua. 1. untie, un-
funa see vuna.
fasten, loosen. 2. open, fungua mlango.
^fungu (ma-) bot. cockscomb (Celosia
fundisho (ma-) see mafundisho. open a door. 3. open, start, inaugurate.
Munda pound, pulverize (grain); break up, argentea and Celosia cristata).
fungua mkutano. open/begin a meeting.
crush (by pounding), red. fundafunda
fundo (ma-) 1. knot; thickening, swelling. fungua kinywa. eat breakfast. 4. free,
(w. int.-dur. force) pound thoroughly, — — fungua inv. of funga.
la uzi. knot in thread. la mti. knot liberate, release (from prison), appl.
keep on pounding. -< unga. to mix — —
in wood (a tree). la ua. bud. la fungulia. caus. funguza. inv. -refl. ji-
several kinds of meal or flour. Cf. funde. bundle. — nguo.
funguo pi. of ufunguo.
mguu. ankle. 2. la fungua. free oneself, be opened; give
funika 102 furahi furahifu 103
— chungu. put furahifu* adj., rare happy, gay. Cf.

funika, finika cover, close. Ifuo (ma-) 1. place for washing clothes. Murungu* (ma-) hot. shaddock, pomelo.
furaha, furahi.
a lid on a pot. — fumba. get into a sleep- 2. place where a dead body is washed. Cf. mfurungu.
ing bag. fig.: conceal, keep secret. — Cf.
1
fua.
furama see fuama.
maneno. express oneself unclearly, re/7. ^furungu* LPers.j (ma-) anklet.
jifunika. cover oneself, caus. funikisha,
2fuo (ma-) 1. foam, mafuo ya bahari. sea- furdha* (-) see forodha.
funikiza. bave something covered, fig.: furusha scare away (birds); scatter,
foam. 2. fig. scum, dregs.
maji yameifunikisha nchi. The water has disperse (enemies).
furifuri adj. /adv. see fara.
flooded the land. Cf. funua, kifuniko,
fupa (ma-) augment, of mfupa.
mfuniko. furushi* (ma-) package, parcel, bundle.
furika intr. of fura.
fupi adj. 1. short, low. mti mfupi. a low
funiko (ma-) augment, of kifuniko. furutile*, flotile [Germ. Flotille?] (-)
tree, watu wafupi. short/undersized furiko (ma-) see mafuriko.
1. shipyard, dockyard. 2. (— la
people. 2. brief, terse, concise, maneno
funo (— ) funo (kind of antelope, common kiwanda). workshop. — la kure-
mafupi. brief/terse words. Cf. fupika, furkani* (-) 1. Isl. Furkani (name
duiker; cf. mindi). kibisha. assembly shop.
kifupi, ufupi, ufupisho. applied to the Koran). 2. rare Bible.
funua 1. open, uncover. — mabawa. spread

Musa knock, hit, strike; beat until
fupika be short/low, be brief/abbreviated. fursa* (— ) 1. incident, accident. 2. con- 1.
the wings. — kitabu. open a book. 2.
upon, attack.
caus. fupisha, fupiza. make short, ab- venient time, favorable moment, oppor- soft. 2. fall Cf. fusi,
fig.: reveal, expose, discover. — taksiri. fusia, ufusio.

breviate, abridge, condense. Cf. fupi, tunity, toa — . give an opportunity.
discover a crime, appl. funulia. dis-
ufupisho.
close/explain to someone, intr. funuka.
furufuru (— ) confusion, disorder. fusa* release, let off air (from tires,
be open; be obvious/plain. Cf. funika,
fura 1. rise/swell up; effervesce. 2. fig. Cf. fura. etc.).
funuo, kifunuo, mafunuo, ufunuo. furious, rage. intr.
become excited, be
furika. flow over, flood, inundate; boil furukobe ( — ) see furukombe. fusfus*, fusus, fisifisi (— ) incrustation.
fununu* (— ) rumor, report. over. caus. furisha. cause a flood. Cf.
furufuru, mafuriko, ufurufuru. furukombe, furukobe, fukombe (— ) sea fusha* ( — ) see busha.
funuo (-) opening. Cf. funua.
eagle.
furaha* (-) joy, pleasure, gaiety, delight, fusho (ma-) something burnt/producing
funutu (-) see tunutu.
enthusiasm, fanya(ona) — . be happy/ furukuta be in constant motion, turn, smoke (e.g., fumigant, charm). Cf.
delighted, kwa — with . joy /enthusiasm. twist, move back and forth restlessly, Ifuka.
ifunza .(-) chigger; grub, maggot; cater- pokea kwa — greet cordially. Cf. furahi,
.
roll, toss, alikamata sawasawa hata
pillar. (= tekenywa.) furahivu, mfurahivu, ufurahi. hakuweza kufurukuta. He was so Ifusi (ma-), kifusi (vi-) rubble, debris,
tightly bound that he could not move rubbish. Cf. fusa.
^funza caus. of funda. furahi* be glad/happy/pleased; enjoy one- a limb.
self, have a good time. appl. furahia.

"fusi* (ma-) rare see fuzi.
see fundi. intr. furahika. caus. furahisha. please furumi* (— ) see farumi.
funzi (-)
someone. Cf. furaha, furahivu, mfura-
lusia {appl. of fusa) lay the foundation/
funzo (ma-; us. pi.) teaching, doctrine; hivu, ufurahi. furumiza* rare throw away, Cf. farumi.
bed (of a house or street).
instruction, training, mafunzo ya kias-
o
kari. military training. Cf. funda.
104 fyanda
fyata 105
gadi
fusus* (-) see fusfus. Ifuturi* (— ) span (unit of measure,

fyata, fiata, fata press, squeeze (between
22.5 cm.). fyekua see fyeka.
the legs). fig. : be discreet in one's
fususi* (— ) precious stone, gem.
speech, have one's tongue under fyeruka become irritated/angry.
con-
^futuri* (— ) hemorrhoids. trol, inv. fyatua. loosen one's grip,
*futa 1. wipe (off), clean (up). — lea-
release, fyatua mota. start an engine. fyoa, fioa 1. cut (only of grain).
asi. wipe the nose. 2. fig.
rn 2. fig.: clear futuru* eat the first meal after fasting. fyatua mtego. release a trap, fyatua be subtle, ingenious, keen. 3.
off, remove, abolish, cancel; steal use
Cf. futari.
mkiki (shuti). sport score a goal, abusive/insolent language, caus.
from, intr, futika. be wiped away;
fyatua bunduki. release the trigger, fyoza. treat with contempt, deride.
(fig.) be erased/eradicated (from one's futusha* rare save, rescue, come to the
discharge a gun. inv.-appl. fyatulia. Cf. fyozi, mfyozaji, ufyozi.
memory). Cf. mfuto. aid of. Cf. futahi.
caus. fyatusha. Cf. fyatuko, fyusa,
mfyuso. fyonda see fyonza.
^futa (ma-) see mafuta. Ifuu, fuvu (ma-) 1. (empty) shell. — la
yai. eggshell. 2. (— la kichwa) fyatua inv. of fyata. fyonya, sonya make a hissing sound (as
^futa (— ) futa (variety of large snake). cranium, skull. 3. cuttlefish bone. a sign of contempt.) Cf. msono.
Cf. kifuu, ufuu. fyatuko (ma-), mfyatuko (mi-) (act of)
futahi* 1. sing, good luck. 2. v. have releasing, opening. Cf. fyata. fyonza, fyonda suck. mfyonza.
Cf.
a lucky escape, caus. futusha. save, 2fuu (— ) kind of small berry. Cf. mfufu.
rescue. fyeka, fieka, feka, fyekua clear (land), fyozi adj., dial, derisive, scornful, con-
fuuliza see fuliza. reclaim, make arable; (fig.) clear away, temptuous. Cf. fyoa.
futari*, fitiri (— ) evening meal after a eliminate. — mwitu. clear a forest.
day's fasting. Cf. futuru. fuuza see fuliza. appl. fyekea. caus. fyekesha. fyusa set a trap (for animals).
Cf. Cf. fyata,
fyeko, mafyeko, mfyeka. mfyuso.
Muti* [.Engl. J (— ) foot (unit of mea- fuvu (ma-) see fuu.

fyeko, fieko (ma-; us. pi.) clearing, rec- fyuzi* [Engl.l (-) elec. fus
surement, 30 cm.).
fuwaa, fubaa be retarded (in growth), be lamation (of land). Cf. fyeka.
stunted/shrivelled.
^futi (ma-) knee. (- goti.)
fuya rare spoil, ruin; waste, squander

futika tuck into (the waistcloth, girdle,
(money, property). Cf. fuja.
etc.), put into the pocket. Cf. futua.
fuzi*, fusi (ma-) anat. shoulder, shoulder

futua 1. take out (of the pocket, a bundle,
blade. gaagaa, galagala, garagara 1. turn, toss, Igadi* (ma-) prop, support, stay, brace;
etc.); undo, open up. 2. fig. be ex-
roll. 2. fig. be idle, lazy; stretch one-
pillar. Cf. gudi, gadimu.
posed/revealed/brought to light, intr.
fuzu* be successful, win (in gambling), self, Cf. mgaagaa.
futuka. be revealed/exposed; stick
pass (an examination).
out (of the pocket, etc.); (fig.) be gadi* [Engl."] (ma-) 1. guard, watch;
gabi (-) rare roller, pulley, block(-and-
annoyed/angry, intr.-appl. futukia. protection. 2. watchman.
fyanda, fianda crush, squash; hurt, in- tackle). (= kapi.)
be angry with someone. Cf. futika.
jure.
}
gadi* (-) lump of clay.
gadimu 106 gana ganda 107 ganza
gadimu* galawa (— ) see ngalawa. ganda 1. thicken, congeal, coagulate gandua inv. of Uganda.
support, prop up (with posts,
(blood, milk); (fig.) freeze, be frozen,
braces). Cf. gadi.
gale (ma-) see ugale. maziwa ya kuganda. curdled milk. gane (— ) gane (sleeping place for un-
gadiwana* VEngl.l (—) rare, mil. 2. stick fast, hold tight, clasp, stat. married boys or girls).
guard of honor. galili (ma-) armor, shell (tortoise, gandama. be congealed; be stuck to-
turtle, crab). gether; be sticky, gandama na, stick ganga bind up, splice; mend, repair;
gae, gai (ma-) 1. potsherd, splinter (of to something, stat.-appl. gandamia. (fig.) bandage. — kidonda. bandage
glass, pottery). 2, nyumba ya galme*, kalme — small sail of a dhow.
( ) adhere, stick to; rely on something/ a wound, treat (medically), cure. inv.
fig.
vigae. a house roofed with tiles. mlingoti wa — mast for this sail.
. someone; (fig.) be faithful/devoted. gangua. untie, remove (a bandage);
stat.-caus. gandamiza. press heavily free from (a charm, taboo, etc.).
Cf. kigae.
galoni"*, galani izngl.j \ — > gauon mi, tiu»ii, stac-ass. gandamana.
gafi* see ghafi. (liquid measure, 4.54 I). harden, thicken; freeze (solid), inv. mganga, mgango, uganga.
gandua. loosen, pull off, separate; es-
gange (ma-) min. chalk stone, (soft)
boast, show cape {from a danger), gandua stempu.
gaga (ma-) crust, coating; (med.) scurf, Igamba (us. refl.: jigamba)
limestone.
- kwa nguo mpya. show off new pull off a stamp (from an envelope),
scab; tartar (on the teeth). Cf. ki- off.
inv.-appl. gandulia. inv.-intr. ga-
gaga, ugaga. clothes,
gango (ma-) 1. clamp, brace; hoop.
nduka, gandulika. 3. (ma-) rind, husk,
— la pipa. barrel-hoop. 2. med.
shell, crust. — la mkata. bread crust.
gaga (— ) gaga (a spell cast on a house ^gamba (ma-) scale, shell, armor. — la bandage, sling, splint. Cf. ganga.
— la limau. lemon rind. — la yai.
to keep wild animals away). kobe. tortoise-shell, magamba ya
eggshell. Cf. gandalo, gando,
samaki. fish scales, fig.: - la ki- 2 gangua inv. of ganga.
mganda, mgando, ugandamano,
tabu. cover/jacket of a book.
gaga turn, roll, toss (from one side to ugandisho.
Cf. amba, chamba. gani interr. (invariable) what kind of?
the other).
sababu — ? for what reason? why?
gandalo (ma-) leg-fetter (made of wood),
gambia (-) rare dagger. (= jambia.)
gagamiza penetrate, push in(forcibly); wakati —? at what time? when?
stocks. Cf. ganda.
press/roll together. habari gani? What's the news?
1 gambusi, kambusi (-) gambusi (musical mahali — ? where? in what place?
gandama stat. of ganda.
instrument similar to a banjo).
gai (ma-) see gae.
ganja (ma-) see kiganja.
gandamana stat. -ass. of Uganda.
Igaidi* LEngl.J (ma-) guide.

2 gambusi, kambusi (-) gambusi (kind of
ganjo (ma-) 1. abandoned village.
fish). gandamia stat.-appl. of ganda.
2. fig. ruin, impoverishment.
^gaidi, mgaidi (ma-) 1. robber, thief.
gamdra* (-) naut. hatch(way). gandamiza stat.-caus. of ganda.
2. mil. guerrilla. Cf. ugaidi.
gano ( — ) rare sinew, tendon, nerve.
(-) gamti (inferior kind (- kano, mkano.)

gala (kind of wild cat).
gamti* \_Ind.~\ gando (ma-) claw, pincers (of a crab,
gala (ma-)
of unbleached cotton cloth).
etc.) Cf. ganda.
ganza {red. ganzaganza) hesitate,
galagala see gaagaa.
kana. falter, stammer, fig. be clumsy,
gan a* (-, ma-) see
Mgando (ma-) see ganjo.
awkward, caus. ganzisha. med.
galani* (-) see galoni.
give a local anesthetic.
. .
ganzi 108 gebali 109

gefyagefya geuzo
ganzi, chanzi (— ) numbness. — la meno. gauni* L Engl. J (ma-) (woman's) gown, gefyagefya see gofyagofya. gereza*, greza (— ) prison,
L Port. J fort,
numbness of the teeth (produced by an dress, vaa — la kisasa. wear modern imprison.
tia (funga, peleka) gerezani.
anesthetic), mguu wangu umekufa — clothes. gego, chego, cheyo (ma-) anat. molar toa (fungua, ondoa) gerezani. release
My foot is asleep, fig. stupefaction, (tooth), wa na — . have a toothache. from prison, bawabu (mngojezi) wa —
narcosis, med. sindano ya — . local gavana* [.Engl. J (ma-) rare governor.
(prison) guard.
anesthetic. = balozi.)
( gelada* (— ) see jalada.
gesa rare turn (on a lathe). Cf. kereza.

gao (ma-) 1. palm (of the hand). gawa divide, distribute, pass/hand out,
geli (— ) geli (children's game similar
handful. — moja unga.
— chakula. pass out/serve food. geshi* (— ) see
2. la a handful to tipcat). rare jeshi.
of flour.
— karata. deal cards. — nusu kwa
nusu. divide in equal pans, halve.
geso (— ) rare latne. <_//. gesa.
geli (— ) large knife.
ass. gawana. ass.-caus. gawanya.
gao (ma-) augment, of ngao.
divide up, share, ass.-caus.-intr.
geua rare change, avoid, appl. geulia.
gawio,
gema cut, slit, tap (the bark of trees, to
gawanyika. be divided up. Cf.
garafuu* (— ) see karafuu. caus. geuza. change, alter; inter-
gawo, kigawanye, kigawanyo, mgao, obtain resin). — mpira (tembo). tap
change, exchange; change position,
mgawaji, mgawanya, mgawanyiko, rubber (palm-wine), prov.: mgema
turn around; (fig., elec.) transform
garagara see gaagaa, akisifiwa tembo hulitia maji. the
mgawanyo, ugawaji, ugawanyaji. If
(current), intr. geuka. be changeable/
palm-wine tapper is praised for his
gari* Llnd.j (ma-) in gen. vehicle, interchangeable, be transformed; (fig.)
gawanya ass.-caus. of gawa. wine, he dilutes it with water. Cf.
wagon, car. — la farasi. horse-drawn treat with scorn. Cf. geugeu, geuzi,
mgema, mgemo, ugema, ugemo.
wagon. — la miguu. arch, bicycle.
kigeugeu, mageuzi, m geuzo, ugeuzi.
gawio (ma-) 1. division, distribution,
— la moshi. locomotive. — la mizigo
apportionment. 2. math, divisor, *genge (ma-) (steep) slope, declivity,
(abiria). freight (passenger) car. ^geugeu adj. changeable, fickle, un-
Cf. gawa. cliff, crag, escarpment; edge, brink.
chumba cha — . compartment (of a rail- certain. Cf. geua.
road carriage), tikiti ya — . railway
gawo (ma-) part, share, portion.
^genge* I Engl. J (— ) gang (of workers),
ticket, mkubwa wa magari. driver, gawa. geugeu (— ) see gaugau.
Cf.
group, troop.
engineer. — la kulimia. rare tractor.
— la maji. watering-machine. — la
gayagaya (ma-) gayagaya (kind of mat). geuko (ma-) see mageuko.
mtoto. baby-carriage, perambulator. ^genge (ma-) coral.
enda kwa — . go by train/car. ende- gazeti* LEngl.l (ma-) newspaper, geuza caus. of geua.
sha — . drive (a car). kijigari. geni adj. strange, foreign; unusual,
Cf. magazine, periodical. — la jimbo.
extraordinary, sema maneno ya kigeni.
provincial/local newspaper, coll.: geuzi 1. (ma-) (us. mageuzi) change,
gashi (ma-) coll. woman. speak in a remarkable/unusual way.
usinipige magazeti. Don't talk such alteration, transformation. 2. adj.
jambo — . a remarkable affair. Cf.
nonsense. changeable, fickle, inconstant, un-
gati* Llnd.j (— , ma-) naut. landing kigeni, mgeni, ugeni.
certain. Cf. geua.
stage, pier, dock. throw; leave behind, abandon,
gea
gensi* (— ) see jinsi.
give up. Ugeuzi pi. of ugeuzi.
gaugau, geugeu (— ) gaugau (kind of
gereji* I Engl. J (— ) garage, repair shop.
bird). gebali* (ma-) see jabali.
geuzo (ma-) see mgeuzo.
110 ghalibu ghalika 111 ghilibu
geza
geza* LPers.J try on (an article of cloth- kifo cha — . a sudden death. 2. adv. ghalika* be scarce, be in short supply; gharikisho* (ma-) flood, inundation.
suddenly, unexpectedly. ghafi- be expensive; rise in price, caus. Cf. ghariki.
ing). Cf. kigezo. Cf.
lika, mghafala, taghafali. ghalisha. raise the price. Cf. ghali.
ghadhabika*, ghadhibika be angry, irri- gharimu* cost, imegharimu paundi

ghadhabisha. anger, ghaibu* (— ) absence; lack, deficiency; ghalisha* caus. of ghalika. ishirini. It cost 20 pounds, appl.
tated, caus. ir-
ritate, provoke, exasperate. Cf. distance, remoteness, somakwa — gharimia. spend for/on, pay out
ghadhabu. recite from memory. Cf. ghibu, ghamma* be unusual/rare. (money), pay expenses, nimemgharimia
ughaibu. safari yake. I have paid his travel
ghamu*, ghammu (— ) sadness, sorrow, expenses. Cf. gharama.
ghadhabu* (— ) anger, vexation, irrita-
tion, ona (ingia) — . be annoyed, lose ghaidhi*, ghaidi (-) 1. (sudden fit of) grief, melancholy, tia — . grieve.
one's temDer. ineivva (patwa. shikwa) aneer. 2. exertion, (strong) effort, ingiwa na — . be caused grief/distress. Efhashi* ( — ) deceit. (mile- trir\cprv
— be vexed, irritated. determination. fraud.

na . Cf.
ghangi* (— ) ghangi (kind of ship).
ghadhabika.
ghaidi* (— ) see ghaidhi. ghasi* confuse, complicate; create a
ghani* 1. sing (songs of a serious char- disturbance, appl. ghasia. caus.
ghadhia* (— ) unrest, disorder, tumult,
rebellion, ghairi* 1. consider, change one's mind, acter). Cf. mghani. 2. (ma-) song. ghasisha. pass, ghasiwa. Cf.
do something unexpected, appl. ghasia.
ghadhabika. ghairia. caus. ghairisha. 2. (— ghanima* (— ) success, good fortune,

ghadhibika* see
change, surprise, tia — . surprise, prosperity, advantage, benefit, pata
— — derive benefit, make ghasia* (— ) confusion, disorder; haste,
ghafala* (-) see ghafula. disappoint. 3. prep, ghairi ya . a profit; win
(in a lottery). excitement, kwa — . hurried, restless,
without; except, exclusive of, apart
agitated, fanya — . cause/produce
ghafalika* see ghafilika. from. Cf. baghairi.
gharadhi* (— ) 1. rare aim, intention, confusion. Cf. ghasi.
gross weight. ghala* (-, ma-) 1. storage place, desire (= kusudi, nia.) 2, usual/
ghafi*, gafi 1. sing,
storeroom. — chini ya nyumba. cel- routine tasks, odds and ends (of ^ghasia app^. of ghasi.
2. short weight. 3. adj., fig. {also
ghafighafi) inferior (in quality); in- lar, basement. — ya bidhaa. ware- business , etc.)
house, stock(room). weka ghalani. ghera* (— ) 1. rare jealousy, distrust.

significant, worthless.
put in storage, store away. 2. hot.: gharama* (— ) expense(s), expenditure; 2. = ari.
ghafilika*, ghafalika be forgetful, — ya mbegu. seed-lobe, cotyledon. payment; amount due, fee, charges,
costs, fanya (toa) — spend money, ghibu* be absent; be lost, disappear.
absentminded; be surprised, amazed.
.
ghalati* (-) lie, falsehood; fault, go to expense. Cf. gharimu. Cf. ghaibu.
caus. ghafilisha. divert; neglect;
astonish. Cf. ghafula. mistake, transgression,

gharika* (— ) 1, flood, inundation, mvua ghiliba* (— ) deception, cheating, fraud.
caus. of ghafilika. ghali* adj. scarce, rare; costly, ex- ya — . heavy rain, cloudburst. 2. fig. Cf. ghilibu.
ghafilisha*
pensive. Cf. ghalika. wreck, ruin, downfall. Cf. ghariki,
suddenness, gharikisho, mafuriko. ghilibu*, ghalibu compete; get the better

ghafula*, ghafala 1. (-)
ghalibu* see ghilibu. of (by underhanded means), come out
abruptness, (unexpected) occurrence,
ghariki* be flooded/inundated, sink into ahead; take advantage of, cheat, de-
kwa — . sudden, abrupt, unexpected.
the water, caus. gharikisha. flood, fraud, appl. ghilibia. appl.-ass.
maradhi ya — . med. apoplexy.
inundate. — nchi. flood a country. ghilibiana. pass, ghilibiwa. Cf.
Cf. gharika. ghiliba, mghalaba.

ghofira 112 gisikafiri
gita 113
gogola
ghofira* (— ) rel. forgiveness, pardon, ghururika* intr. of ghuri. gita* [Engl.l (-, ma-) see gitaa. goe sing. see ugoe.
absolution. (- msamaha.)
ghushi* see ghoshi. gitaa*, gita [Engl.l (-, ma-) guitar. gofi —
( ) 1. rind, bark. 2. skin.
ghofiri*, gofiri rel. forgive, pardon, piga -. play the guitar.
absolve, appl. ghofiria. cans.
^ghushi* be sufficient/adequate. gofia* [?] (-) roller, pulley.
ghofirisha. pass, ghofiriwa. giza, kiza, jiza (-, ma-) dark(ness),
gloom. - la usiku. the dark of night, gofiri* see ghofiri.
ghusubu* force, compel, coerce; take by
ghorofa* see orofa. lanya -. become dark,
force, appl. ghusubia. fig.: ignorance.
prov.: moyo wa mwenzio ni msitu wa gol'u 1. (ma-) ruin(s). — la nyumba.
ghoshi*, ghushi cheat, deceive; falsify,
giza. The heart
gia* {.Engl. J (— ) gear, mechanism. of another person is a ruins of a house, fig. an emaciated
dark forest (i.e., an unfathomable person, human wreck.
auto. gear, tia — . shift (gears). 2. adj. de-
ghoshisha. pass, ghoshiwa. Cf. mystery), -a -. adj. dark (= not stroyed, collapsed; thin, emaciated.
ughoshi. light).
pour decant (a liquid, leaving Cf. gofua.
gida off,
the sediment). (- chingirisha.)

ghosubu* swindle, cheat. glasi*, gilasi [Engl.l (-) (drinking) golua fall down, collapse (buildings).
glass, wineglass. fig. become thin, emaciated; weaken,
gidam* (-) see gidamu.
ghuba*, ghubba (ma-) bay, gulf, inlet.
debilitate, ugonjwa umemgofua sana.
globu* I Engl.l (-) elec. (light) bulb. The illness has greatly weakened
gidamu*, gidam (— ) leather strap
ghubari* (ma-) cloud (of rain, vapor, dust). him. intr. gofuka. caus. gofusha.
(on sandals).
J
goba ( — ) dried manioc. Cf. gofu.
ghubba* (ma-) see ghuba.
gilasi* LEngl.l (-) see glasi.
o gofyagol'ya, gefyagefya drive, impel.
goba rare end, conclude.
ghulamu* (— ) 1. young man. 2. cards
gilidi* bind (a book in leather).
knave, jack. (- mzungu wa tatu.) gogadima ( — ) hot. kind of shrub
Cf. jalidi. goboa, koboa break, break off, pluck off.
(Capparis corymbosa).
— pamba. pick cotton, appl. gobolea.
ghumia* lose consciousness, grow weak;
giligilani* (— ) hot. coriander seed intr. goboka.
(fig.) be disconcerted/frightened; be gogo (ma-) log. kigogo.
(Coriandrum sativum). Cf. mgiligi- Cf.
speechless from amazement, caus.
lani. gobolea appl. of goboa.
ghumisha. pass, ghumiwa. gogoreka cackle, cluck, chatter.
gimbi (-) see ugimbi. gobori* [?] (-) mil., arch, muzzle-
ghuri* deceive, cheat, mislead; falsify. gogoroda force, compel.
loader. (= koroboi.)
intr. ghurika, ghururika. be conceited/
ginsi* (— ) see jinsi.
arrogant; be deluded. Cf. ghururi. gogota
goda (us. refl. jigoda) make an effort,
1. strike, tap, beat, hammer
gisi* rare suppose, guess, believe. exert oneself, work hard for (one's
(metal). 2. pull, drag. — mti. drag
ghurubu* (— ) see magharibi. off a tree. appl.
kisi. gogotea. caus.
Cf. children, parents).
gogoteza. gogoteza maneno. speak
ghururi* (— , ma-) vanity, conceit, pre-
gisikafiri (— ) gisikafiri (kind of lizard). godoro* imperfectly/haltingly (with apoor pro-
sumption, arrogance; self-deception. llnd.j (ma-) mattress, bolster,
nunciation), red. (int.) gotagota.
cushion.
Cf. ghuri.
)
gogoteza 114 gomboa 115

goshi
gotagota maneno. use a mixture of goma hawataki kufanya kazi kabla ya gome (ma-) 1. bark, rind, peel, ambua - mountaintop. 2. rare hump (on the
words from different dialects. 3. (— kuongezwa mshahara. The people are la mti (tunda). peel the bark off a tree
back). 3.: — la mwitu. dense forest,
zool. woodpecker. (
= kigogota.) Cf. on strike; they won't work until they (the rind from a fruit). 2. shell (of a heavy undergrowth.
receive a pay increase. Cf. mgomaji, crab, etc.). 3.
gota. coll. shilling.
mgomo, ugomaji.
gongoa inv. of gonga.
gogoteza caus. of gogota. gomea (appl. of igoma) boycott.
-goma see 'gomba
gongomea inv.-stat.-appl. of gongo.
goigoi 1. (— ) laggard, lazy person. gomvi adj. quarrelsome. 2
Cf. gomba,
2. adj. inactive, idle, lazy, indolent. ngoma. mgomvi, ugomvi.
3goma (ma-) see gongonola (-) woodpecker. (= gogota,
Cf. ugoigoi.
kigogota.)
9. .
banana leal. gomvi pi. of ugomvi.

Igomba (n-.a-) fiber of the
goka rare gag, retch, choke (in vomiting).
mgomba, ugomba. gong'ota see kong'ota.
Cf.
(~ kokomoka, tapika.) gona rare sleep, lie down. appl. gonea
{also gonia). soothe, appease, pacify. gonia appl. of gona.
i \ l- l i—lx muundi.J
A: 1 2„ om U a guma
gomua, o-oma 1. quarrel,
4
squabble,
i
i
goko (ma-) anat. shinbone. (- ,

caus. gonya, goneza. Cf. kigono,
wrangle; oppose, contradict; refuse.
mgoni, ngono, nyono, ugoni. gonjwa 1. adj. ill, sick, unwell.
appl. 2. (ma-)
2. go on a strike, strike,
igole* \_Pers.~] (ma-) 1. mucus, phlegm, rare see ugonjwa.
quarrel, argue (about some-
Cf. gonjweza,
gombea.
saliva. 2. crop, craw (of a bird). gonda (-) gonda (kind of small lizard). mgonjwa.
thing); stand up for, lay claim to.
gombea cheo. insist on one's social

2 gole* pellet of opium
gondi (ma-) claw (of a crab, etc.). gonjweza make
[ind.] (ma-) ill. refl. jigonjweza.
position, claim the privileges due = Igando.)
( feign illness. Cf. gonjwa.
(for smoking). one's rank or class, gombea uchaguz
caus. gonya caus. of gona.
run for office (in an election),
— ornith. goneza caus. of gona.
golegole, goregore, goligoli ( )
gombeza. forbid, tumegombezwa
goo: mtondo (mi-) -. the fourth day from
Tanganyika kakelaar, hoopoe (Phoeni- tusiende (kwenda). We are forbidden
gonga today. (- kushinda — .)
strike, tap, knock. - mlango.
culus purpureus). to go. caus. intr. gombezeka. be
knock at a door. appl. gongea. appl.- gora* (-)
reprehensible, ass. gombana. quar- see jora.
goal. ass. gongeana. gongeana bilauri.
goli* [Engl.] (-) sport have words (with each
rel, fall out,
touch glasses (when drinking together), goregore (-) see golegole.
other). Cf. gomvi, magombano,
golegole. ass. gongana. strike against each
goligoli (-) see magombezi, mgombea, mgombezi, gorof'a* (-) see orofa.
other, collide (ships, automobiles),
mgomvi, ugomvi.
(ma-) sport goal- inv. gongoa. inv.-stat.-appl. gongo- goromoe (- ) goromoe (kind of lizard).
golikipa* [Engl.']
mea. hammer, drive (nails). Cf.
keeper. gombeza caus. of gomba.
!gongo. gorong'ondo (ma-) leg (of an animal).
gololi* [Pers.] (-) 1. ball of glass, page of a book.

gombo (ma-) dial,
marble (for playing). 2. tech. ball igongo (ma-) stick, club, knocker. gorong'ondvva 1. (-) gorongondwa
(= ukurasa.)
Cf. gonga. (kind of lizard). 2. move in a zigzag,
bearing.
twist, crawl.
gomboa {dial. - komboa) liberate,
Igoma refuse (to do something), stand up pass, gombowa. be liberated. gongo (ma-) (amplic. of nigongo) 1.
height, pinnacle, top. - la mlima. joshi* (-) see 1 joshi.
for one's rights, strike, watu wame-
.
116 gudulia
gota
K"K" guna
gota rap, knock. — mlango. knock at a guama see gwama.

door.
gugu (ma-) weed; undergrowth, brush,
appl. gotea. caus. gotesha, gulio (ma-) rare, dial. ( weekly) market.
thicket, vunja (ng'oa) magugu. = soko.)
goteza. red. gotagota. rap continu- guba* (— ) see kuba. clear (
out a thicket, magugu. bush,

ously, beat a drum. Cf. mgoto; also magugu-
ni. in the bush, -a -. wild, unculti-
gogota. gubari* (— ) heavy black cloud, dust-cloud. guma, gumia growl, bark (dog). Cf. gumio.
vated (plants).
gotagota see gota. gubeli* (— , ma-) naut. prow, bow; figure- gumba adj. 1. alone, solitary, isolated.
head. gugumia 1. swallow, gulp. caus. & int. 2. childless, sterile, only in certain
goti (ma-) anat. knee, piga magoti. gugumiza. 2.: gugumiza maneno. expressions: kidole -. thumb, big
kneel down, gubi leaf-stem of the coconut palm, stutter, stammer. gugumizi,
fall to one's knees, kunja (ma-) Cf. toe. mtu mgumba. childless/solitary
magoti. draw up the knees, oia va — kigugumizi. man. Cf. mgumba.
anat. kneecap. gubigubi red. of gubika.
gugumizi (ma-) person with a speech- gumbizi (-) dizziness, fainting spell,
gubika cover, cover over, cover up; wrap defect, one who stutters. gugumia. ana —
govi (ma-), ngovi (— ) anat. foreskin, Cf. . He is dizzy.
prepuce = zunga). mwenye — un- up. caus. gubisha. inv. gubua. un-
( .
circumcised person. cover, open; (fig.) discover, reveal, gugumu (— ) body odor; sweat, perspira- gumbo (ma-) dial, need, distress;
bring to light, red. (int.). gubigubi. tion. shortage (of food supplies); crop
goya sing. see ugoe. cover oneself from head to foot. failure, poor harvest.
gugumua (-) (kind of) reed (Phragmites
gubiti* LPers.J (— ) stick of sugar candy. communis ). gumbu (-) musical instrument (made of
Igozi (ma-) sport (game of) football.
a calabash).
mcheza — . football player.
gubu* (— ) 1. ill humor, annoyance, guguna 1. gnaw, nibble; bite, chew,
vexation, anger. 2. forwardness, im- munch. 2. fig. find fault, nag, pester. gumegume (-) arch.: bunduki ya -.
gozi (ma-) pejor. negro, black (used by caus.
portunity, obtrusiveness, pushiness. guguniza. flintlock musket.
Arabs of Africans).
mwenye — . a forward/pushy person,
nuisance, bore. gugurusha, gurugusha 1. pull/drag/haul gumia see guma.
gramafoni* L Engl. J (—) gramophone,
along (on the ground, with a scraping
record player, sahani ya — . (phono-
gubua inv. of gubika. or rustling sound). 2. rustle, scrape, gumio (ma-) (also mgumio, mi-) barking,
graph) record.
rasp. appl. gugurushia. yelping (of a dog). Cf. guma.
gude (— ) 1. awl. 2. gude (kind of
gredi* {.Engl.} ( — ) 1. grade, rank, po- = dudumizi, tipitipi, guguta (-, ma-)
bird, coucal; corncob (without grains). gumu adj. 1. hard, firm, strong, tough;
sition, ana — gani? What kind of a
gunzi.
shundi). Cf. severe, mkate mgumu. hard bread.
position (social, occupational) does
2. fig. hard, difficult, kazi ngumu.
he have? 2. quality, level, kahawa guia see gwia.
gudi* (— , ma-) naut. dock, dockyard, hard work, moyo mgumu. hardhearted.
ya — ya chini. coffee of inferior
shipyard. Cf. gadi. 3. unyielding, obstinate, stubborn.
quality, mshahara wake ni wa — ya gulabi* [Pers.li (ma-) litchi (fruit of 4. brave, courageous. Cf. ugumu,
juu. His salary is very high. the mgulabi).
gudulia* (— , ma-) water-jar. vigumu.
greza* (— ) see gereza. gulegule (-) gulegule (kind of fish; guna grumble, growl; be cross/irritable.
porpoise). fig. protest, find fault, criticize.
Cf. mguno.
gunda 118 guruto 119
igunda (ma-) gunda (musical instrument, gura dial, change one's residence, gusa touch, feel, handle, ass. gusana gvvanda (ma-) man's outer garment (knee-
move. = liama.) caus. get acquainted.
horn). ( gurisha. fig. Cf. mguso. length).
drive away , expel.
^gunda be short (in stature). Cf. kundaa. *guta push, gore, fight (cattle). gwaraza rub, grind. — meno. grind/gnash
guru* Llnd.j { — ): sukari — . unrefined
the teeth.
sugar.
gundi* L Ind. J ( — ) glue, paste,
= sherisi.) ^guta shout, yell, call. appl. gutia.
(
gurudumu* LPers.J (ma-) wheel. — la call out for (someone). gwaride* (ma-) mil. 1. parade, review;
mbele (nyuma). front (back) wheel. drill exercises. 2. military music,

gundua discover, expose, disclose, hunt
jino la — sprocket. — zenye ndewe. band. 3. guard. — la heshima. honor
.
eutu 1. (ma-) stump (of a lee, etc.). ana
lobed wheels. — la mzinga. mil. guard, cheza (piga) — . play military
divulge a secret, appl. gundulia. ap- mguu (kidole) — . He has lost a leg
gun carriage. music; drill (to music), nyumba ya —
proach stealthily, sneak up on. caus. (finger). — la mti. tree-stump. 2. adj.
barracks.
gundulisha, gunduza. intr. gunduka. blunt, dull; broken off, chopped of.
gurufa* {.Engl.? J (-) curve, katika
ass. gunduana. kisu kigutu. a dull knife, majani ma-
reli pana — ya hatari. In this section gwaru* L Ind. J — bean (Cyamopsis
gutugutu. stubble. ( )
there is a dangerous curve.

gunga 1. abstain from, give up (certain psoraloides ). Cf. mgvvaru.
foods, as tabu); resist a temptation.

gurufu* ( — ma)
, rare highway. (- ba- gutua 1. do something suddenly; startle,
2. med. observe a diet. 3. warn. gwase (ma-) see gwasi.
rabara.) frighten. 2. med. set (reduce) a
4. coax.
broken or dislocated arm or leg. appl.
gutulia. intr. gutuka. caus. gutusha. gwasi, gwase (ma-) warthog. (~ ngiri,
guruguru (ma-) large lizard (Gherrosaurus
gungu (— ) gungu (kind of dance)
receive an electric shock; shock, as- mbango.)
major).
tound, horrify. Cf. mgulusho.
Iguni* Llnd.j (ma-) bag made of matting
^guruguru ( — ) guruguru (kind of fish, gwaya tremble, quiver (from fear, cold).
(for transporting dates).
sole). gutua see kutua.
guni* (ma-) carpenter's square. gvvia, guia 1. catch, seize, hold fast.
gurugusha 1. see gugurusha. 2, do
guu (ma-) amp lie. of mguu. tia — — mnyama mtegoni. catch an animal
badly, bungle, spoil.
cause trouble. in a trap. 2. fig. surprise, take by-
guni* (— ) unrhymed/blank verse.
surprise, catch unawares, appl.
gururu* (— ) curdled milk, whey.
gwilia. caus. gwiza. pass, gwiwa.
gunia* Llnd.j (ma-) 1. grain-sack. guya rare seize, grasp, hold fast.
gwiwa na giza, be overtaken by dark-
2. sacking, burlap. guruta press, flatten, smooth, roll;
ness.
mangle (clothes). Cf. gurulo, gwa rare fall.
guno (ma-) see mguno. mguruto.
gwiji adj. & n. ( — ) brave, clever (per-
gwafua bare the teeth, snarl.
gunzi, bunzi (ma-) corncob. Cf. ki-
guruto (ma-) press, mangle. Cf. son) (chiefly in reference to witch
gunzi; also guguta. guruta. doctors).
gwama, guama press, squeeze.
habc 120 hadhi 121
hadhi hajambo
hadhiri*, hadhirisha make known, an- hafifu* {also tahafifu) adj. trivial,
nounce, publish. Cf. hadhara. worthless, insignificant. Cf. hafi-
fisha, uhafifu.
hadhirisha* see hadhiri.
hafisi* ( — ) see afisi.

*haba* adj. little, slight, insignificant; habu* see *hebu.
hadi*, haddi 1. (— ) boundary, limit;
scarce, in short supply, siku — . a few
rule. 2. (— ): — mfundo. children's hafla*, halfa (ma-) ceremony, party,
days. prov. — na — hujaza kibaba. hadaa* 1. deceive, cheat, trick, appl.
jumping game. 3. prep. & conj. until, feast.
Little by little fills the measure. hadai. intr. hadaika. pass, hadaiwa.
as far as, so far as to...; so, then.
Cf. uhaba. ass, hadaana. 2. (— ) deception,
tangu asubuhi — jioni. from morning to hafu* L Engl. J (— ) half, sport half-time.
fraud, trickery.
pvenincr. nilinvnia — aknia. I waited
^haba*, huba, hubba (— , ma-) love, devo- until he came. — nitampiga. I will hafukasti* [.Engl. ] ( — ) half-caste.
tion, friendship, affection.
hadai* appl. of hadaa.
Cf. hebu, even go so far as to beat him. — asu-
muhebi, stahabu. buhi. Well then, until tomorrow. hafutaimu* LEngl.J (— ) sport half-time.
hadaika* intr. of hadaa.
4. conj. so as to, so that, in order
hababi* (ma-) a term of respect used in that. Nitafanya akili gani hadi tugawe hai*, hei adj. living, alive, existent.
hadaiwa* pass, of hadaa.
addressing persons of high rank: Your sawasawa? What arrangements shall hayati, hui, uhai.
I Cf.
Excellency. make so that we may divide equally?
hadaya* ( — ) see hedaya.
haiba*, heiba, heba (ma-, -) 1. beauty,
habali* adj., rare 1. irresponsible. hadima*, hedima (ma-) service. Cf. ha- charm, grace (of external appearance
haddi* (— ) see hadi.
2. hot-tempered, irritable. dimu, huduma. good reputation/
or of character). 2.
character.
hadhara* adv.: — ya... in the presence
habari* ( — ) 1. report, message, informa- hadimika* see adimika.
— of... — ya watu. in public, mkutano
tion, news, toa . give a report, pass haidhuru* see dhuru.
hadharani. public/open meeting.
out information. — gani? What's the hadimu* (ma-) 1. servant. 2. (freed)
Cf. hadhiri, *hudhuria, hudhirio.
news? How are you? 2. material; slave. Cf. hadima, huduma, hudumu, haini* 1. betray, divulge (a secret), de-
tradition, history; event. Cf. hubiri, {also mhaini, wa-)
mhadimu. ceive. 2. (— )
hadhari*, hathari {also tahadhari) 1. be
m hubiri. traitor, deceiver, informer, deserter,
cautious/watchful, avoid, evade.
hadithi* 1. {us. appl. hadithia) tell, re- renegade. Cf. uhaini.
appl. hadharia. refl. (interj.).
habedari!* abedari ! bedari ! interj. late, report; describe, explain, pass.
jihadhari! Watch out! Take care!
Watch out! Look out! Take care! hadithiwa. nimehadithiwa, I was told. haja* (— ) 1. need, desire; necessity.
2. (— ) caution, discernment, kuwa
Cf. hadhari. 2. (— ) report, narrative, story, legend; sina — nayo. I have no need of that.
na — . be on one's guard, tia (fanya)
myth, ni — tu. It is only a story 2. request, demand, petition. 3. need
— , warn. 3. (— ) tenseness, tension.
Habeshi* (ma-) see Mhabeshi. (i.e., something made up). to relieve oneself, kwenda — . go to
— ya hali ya kisasa. the tenseness of
the toilet. Cf. hitaji, hoja, hoji,
the present situation.
habibu* adj., liter, dear, beloved. hafifisha* 1. reduce, diminish, decrease; uhaji.
minimize, disparage; lessen (in value);
hadhi* (— ) 1. respect, honor. 2. title.
habithi* ( — ) 1. wickedness, cruelty, weaken, debilitate, exhaust. 2. fig. hajambo sing. see ujambo.
a malicious/
— ya heshima. honorary title.
malice, dishonesty. 2. behave in a careless/frivolous way.
dishonest person. Cf. hafifu.
laji 123 halmashauri
122 halahala
halafu
haji* 1. (— ) pilgrimage (to Mecca). the truth of the matter, sina — have
(~ baadaye, nyumaye.) 2. conj. and kali. oppose/resist the government.
. I
enda — go on the pilgrimage. then... Cf. "halifu. caus. halifisha. incite (to rebellion).
. 2. (ma-) no certainty. 2. adv. undoubtedly,
pilgrim. hiji. of course, for certain, positively.
2. (ma-) mutineer, rebel, insurgent;
Cf. Cf.
halahala!* inter j. 1. immediately! lawbreaker. 3. adj. disobedient, re-
hakiki, hakikisho, uhakikisho.
Don't forget! = upcsi, sasa hivi.)
hajiri*, hujuru change one's residence, 2. ( bellious, seditious. Cf. ^halafa,
move; emigrate, uhalifu.

appl. hajiria. appl.- hakiki* make sure, prove, ascertain,
ass. halali* 1. (— ) 1st. law, lawfulness, ni
hajiriana. intr. hajirika. live check on, determine the truth, appl.
away, be an emigrant,
— yako kula nyama hii. You are per-
leave, bequeath. halafu.
far caus. ha- hakikia. ask after someone, caus. ^halifu* Cf.
jirisha. mitted to eat this meat. 2. adj. law-

expel, deport. Cf. mhajiri. hakikisha. 1. have inquiries made.
ful, permitted. Cf. halalika.
2. (int.) attest, certify, vouch for; halili* ( — ) beloved/esteemed/distin-
hajivale (-) (kind of) hawk (Cymnnaeni c / convince, nnss. { kn )hakikishwa. be guished person.
halalika* be lawful, be permitted, caus.
polyboroideo typicus). convinced. Cf. hakika.
halalisha. permit, legalize; declare to
'halisi* adj. exact, definite; real,
be lawful. Cf. halali.
haka*, hakali ( — ) payment, price, (en- hakikisho* (ma-) proof, evidence; depo- genuine.
trance) fee; fine (for violating the sition, testimony. Cf. hakiki.
rules of a club, etc.). — halasa* ( — ) 1. profit (from business).
shika pay
.
^halisi* 1. make a profit (from business).
2. arch, payment, wages (of seamen).
the entrance fee. hakimu* (ma-) 1. judge. 2. rare leader,
2. rare receive wages. Cf. halasa.
Cf. 2(,alisi.
chief. Cf. hukumu.
hakali* (-) see haka.
halitumwa (— ) halitumwa (variety of
hakiri* rare scorn, despise, treat with *halfa* ( — ) see ^halafa.
sweet potato).
hakama*, hakma (ma-) rare (law-)court. contempt, deprecate, humiliate, vilify.
Cf. hukumu, hakimu. = dharau, tweza.) appl. hakiria.

(
halfa* (ma-) see hafla. halkumu* (-) anat. carotid artery, jugu-
caus. hakirisha. abuse, revile, in-
lar vein.
haki*, hakki (— ) 1. law, legality; sult. hal;* ( — ) {also uhali, ilhali) 1. condi-
(legal) claim. — ya kuchagua. right to tion, state (of health). — gani? in (-) see almaria.
halmaria*
vote, active suffrage. — ya kuchagu- hakki* (— ) see haki. address. How are you? 2. situation.
liwa. eligibility. 2. justice, love of — ya kisasa. the present situation. — council,
halmashauri*, halm shauri ( )
truth, shika (fanya) — . be just/up- hakma* (ma-) see hakama. — ya hatari. state of emergency, kwa committee, organization. — ya kufanya
right, mtu mwenye — . a just/upright/ kila — . under all circumstances. sheria. legislative body. — ya udha-
righteous person. 3. (lawful, just) hakuna there is/are not. — ya anga. weather conditions (for trust company. — ya Umoja wa
mini.
right, privilege, claim, nipe — yangu. flight purposes). - ya maisha. standard Mataifa. United Nations Organization.
Give me what is coming to me (i.e., halafa*, hilafu (— ) dissension, differ- of living. — ya Usalama. Security Council (of
what is mine by right), takia — . take ence, quarrel; rupture, cleavage; op- the United Nations), ya kuwaajiri
legal action on someone's behalf. position. Cf. halifu. halifa*, khalifa ( — ) hist., Isl. succes- wafanyakazi. committee for public
Cf. stahika, stahiki, ustahiki. sor, caliph. Cf. halafu, ^halifu. services. — kuu. central committee.
2 halafa*, halfa (-) oath. — ya taifa kusimamia mazao. Na-

hakika* 1. (— ) certainty, reality, fact, tional Agricultural Products Board.
^halifu* 1. act contrary to, disobey, in-
truth, correctness, accuracy, mambo fringe, violate. — amri (sheria). dis- — Kuu ya serikali ya nchi ya Urusi.
halafu*, hilafu, alafu 1. adv. afterwards,
haya ni — . These are facts. This is
obey an order (the law). — kwa seri- Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Cf.
later; subsequently, in future.
shauri.
halmshauri 124 hamsa
hamsauishirini 125
halmshauri* (— ) see halmashauri. hamarawi* (— ) naut. rope for attaching

a yard. hamsauishirini* arch, twenty-five. hani* comfort, show sympathy; condole.
halua* (— ) kind of candy, Turkish delight. = ishirini na tano.)
(
hamaya* (— ) see himaya. hanithi* ( — , ma-) 1. pervert, homo-

halula* (— ) med. abscess, swelling in hamsini* fifty. sexual. 2. (sexually) impotent man.
the throat, quinsy. hamdi*, hemdi (— ) see hamdu. 3. adj. homosexual, perverted;
hamstashara* arch, fifteen. (= kumi na shameful.
haluli* ( — ) laxative, Epsom salts. hamdu*, humdu. himdu, hamdi, hemdi (— tano.)
Tel. praise, al — lilahi. Praise be hanjari* ( — ) scimitar, dagger. (

= jambia.)
halwaridi*, alwaridi (— ) attar of roses. to Allah. Cf. himidi. hamu* (— ) desire, (urgent) wish; anx-
waridi. hanziri* — rare pig.
= nguruwe.)
Cf. iety, ona (kuwa na) — . desire, wish/ ( ) (
hame (ma-) deserted place (village, yearn for.

halzeti* ( — ) (also mafuta ya — ) olive town). (~ kihame, mahame, Mongo.) hanzua* (— ) sword dance.
oil. Cf. zeituni. Cf. hama.
hamu* be alert/on one's guard, jihamu.
hao det. 3rd pers. pi. these/those
defend oneself. Cf. u jihamu.
hama change one's residence; migrate; hami* protect, defend; show favor. mentioned (already referred to), walu
move out, emigrate, appl. hamia. Cf. amia, himaya, mahamia. — . the people referred to.
hamumi* ( — ) hamumi (kind of smoking
emigrate /immigrate (from/to a country),
tobacco).
cans, hamisha. expel; resettle. Cf. hamia appl. of hama. hapa 1. dera. pron. this, mjini — . at
hamaji, hame, hamiji, hamio, kihame, this town. 2, adv. here, to this
hanamu* 1. ( — ) slope, slant, bevel, edge;
mahame, mhamiaji, mhamishi, uhamaji, hamidi*, liemidi (— ) see hamdu. place, aje — . He should come here.
(math.) diagonal. — ya chombo. naut.
uhamisho. toka — mpaka pale, from here to
bow, cutwater. 2. adj. diagonal,
hamiji (wa-) 1. homeless person, nomad, there, papa — at this very place. .
slanting, oblique.
hamaji adj. unsettled, homeless, nomad. vagrant. 2. rel. pilgrim. Cf. hama,
Cf. hama, uhamaji. hamaji. hapana adv. no (lit.: there is no...).
handaki* ( — ) trench, ditch, channel;
(sport) sector.
hamaki* 1. act heedlessly (suddenly, un- hamio (ma-) move, removal, emigration. hapo 1. demon, that (already mentioned).
expectedly). 2. (— ) rash/inconsider- Cf. hama. mahali — . at the place referred to.

hando* L/rc<£.J ( — ) (copper) water-vessel.
ate act, burst of temper. 2. adv. there, to/ from that place.
hamira* (— ) yeast, leaven. ningojee — • âit for me there, papo

hangaika, angaika be excited/restless;
hamali* (ma-) 1. carrier, porter. 2. load, — . at that (very) place (previously
be disconcerted/upset; be irresolute;
burden, freight, gari la — . cart for hamisha caus. of hama. mentioned). — kale, then, in ancient
be impatient, fig. rock, swing, caus.
transporting goods. Cf. himila, himili, times, once upon a time (at the be-
hangaisha. confuse, worry (someone).
mhimili, stahimili, stahimilivu, usta- hamna there is not. Cf. mna. ginning of stories).
Cf. hangaiko.
himilivu.
= tano.) —
hamsa* arch. five. ( mia. hara* purge, evacuate; have diarrhea,
hangaiko (ma-) restlessness, excitement;
hamamu* (— ) public bath. five hundred. Cf. hamsini, hamsta- dawa ya kuhara. laxative, caus.
worry; noise, commotion. Cf. hangaika.
shara, hamsauishirini. harisha. 1. produce diarrhea, dawa
hamanika be confused, disconcerted, dis- hii inaharisha. This medicine has a
hangwe, hangue (— ) hook, bend.
mayed; be irritated/excited.
126 127
harijia
be terribly haramia* robber, bandit, pirate, ^harijia* appl. of hariji. ^hasa* —

laxative effect. 2. (intr.) (ma-) ( ) rare castrated man or animal,
frightened (e.g., when caught in wrong- outlaw. Cf. haramu, uharamia. eunuch. Cf. hasi, mhasi.
doing). Cf. liarisho. harijia* ( — ): vvaziri — . foreign minister.
haramu* 1. (— ) rel. prohibition, avoid- hasada* ( — ) hasada (kind of porridge).
ance (of something unlawful), ni — harikisha* see harakisha.
hara* (— ) rare (us. loc. harani) dis-
kula nyama ya nguruwe. It is forbidden
'hasama* — nose ring. (= kipini.)
trict, quarter (of a town). ( )
to eat pork, mtoto wa — . an illegiti- harimu* 1. forbid, prohibit, appl. hari-

mate child. 2. adj. undesirable, for- mia. caus. harimisha. pronounce un-
harabu* 1. (— , ma-) {also mharabu, wa-) ^hasama* (ma-) see hasimu 2.
bidden, prohibited. Cf. harimu, uha- lawful, declare taboo. 2. (ma-) harimu
destroyer, spoiler, vandal, prov. nazi
ramu, haramia. (a taboo: person or thing). 3. (ma-)
mbovu — ya nzima. A bad coconut
''hasama* =
(ma-) uhasama, husuma.
[),!,;,,,„ (p. a ~ ;o U ccd bv a -sister ' - v -
spoils the good ones. 2. adj. destruc-
harara* ( — ) 1. warmth, heat, tempera- brother). Cf. haram, haramu, ihramu,
tive, pernicious; violent, brutal.
med. fever, inflammation;
hasanati* ( — ) see hisani.
ture, maharimisho.
Cf. haribu.
erythema. 2. fig. zeal, enthusiasm,
passion, ana — He is passionate/ hasara*, khasara ( — ) loss, damage, in-

— mustard. (- mastadi.)
. Hariri* (— ) silk.
haradali* ( )
C hari, uharara.
jury, pata — . lose, lipa — . pay for
temperamental. f.
damage incurred, compensate. Cf.
harisha* caus. of Hara.
harani* (ma-) see haragwe.
hasiri.
hari*, harri ( — ) 1. heat, fervor. - ja
jua. heat of the sun. 2. rare sweat. harisho (ma-)

haragwe*, haragi iPers.j (ma-) bean 1. med. diarrhea.
— harara.
hasha!* inter;, by no means! impossible!
toka . sweat, perspire. Cf. 2. (strong) laxati ve. C f. Miara.
(Phasealis communis). Cf. mharagwe.
of course not!
haris see heria. harita* — seeds of the soapberry tree.

haraja* 1. (— ) expense, expenditure, ( )
—
hasharati* 1. ( ) excess, dissipation,
outlay, consumption; loss. 2. incur Cf. mharita.
intemperance; extravagance, waste-
haribil'u*, haribivu adj. destructive,
expenses, spend money recklessly. fulness. 2. (ma-) dissolute person,
pernicious; extravagant, wasteful. haro* \_Engl. J (— ) rare harrow.
Cf. hariji. hard drinker; spendthrift.
Cf. haribu, uharibifu.
haraka* 1. (— ) hurry, haste, speed, ra-

harri* ( — ) see hari.
hashiki* ( — ) liter, ardor, passion.
haribivu* see haribifu.
pidity, excitement, fanya -. hurry up,
hasten, enda kwa — go fast, be in a harul'i* ( — ) see herufi.

.
hasho* (ma-), kihasho (vi-) naut. piece
haribu* destroy, ruin, damage, fig. de-
hurry, prov. haina baraka. Haste
of wood for repairing a boat, patch,
moralize, — mimba. procure abortion. harufu* — smell (good or bad), aroma,
brings no blessing. 2, adj. hasty, ( )
plug.
appl. haribia. pass, haribiwa. intr.
scent.
fast, excited, feverish. Cf. harakisha,
haribika. be destroyed, ruined, di-
taharaki. hasi* 1. castrate, geld. pass, hasiwa.
lapidated, caus. haribisha. bring harusi* — see
( ) arusi.
2. fig.: mtu huyu ni — . This man is
misfortune, ruin. Cf. harabu, hari-
harakisha*, harikisha urge, press, hurry. an outcast/outlaw ^hasa,
. Cf.
bifu, uharibifu.
Cf. haraka. Hasa*, hassa adv. 1. especially, ex- hasua, maksai, mhasi. ûhasi.
actly, just. 2. completely, wholly,
hariji* spend, waste, squander (money),
haram*, ihramu pi. the Pyramids. Cf.
spend money on very much. Cf. husu, hususa, mahsusi.
appl. hari jia. 1.
haramu, harimu. (someone), be generous. 2, donate,
contribute to. Cf. haraja.

. . . ! !
hasidi 128 hatta

hatti 129 hedashara
hasidi* 1. (ma-) envious/malicious per- hatarisha*, hatirisha imperil, endanger, hatti* (-) see hati.
humility. 3, esteem, respect, rever-
son; enemy. 2. (— ) envy, ill will. risk, jeopardize, refl. jihatarisha.
ence, awe. Cf. tahayari, tahayuri.
3. v. (also husudu) envy, hate, hold expose oneself to danger. Cf. hatari. hatua* —
( ) 1. step, pace, pima kwa —
a grudge. Cf. husuda, husudu, uhasidi. measure in paces, ni - tu. It is only
hathari* see hadhari.
haya!* inter j. Come on! Now then!
a short distance. 2. fig. progress,
hasimu* 1. see husutnu. 2. (ma-) (also Get a move on
development; possibility, opportunity.
hasama) opponent, rival; a person with hati*, hatti (— ) (prepared) document;
o
whom one is not on speaking terms; form, blank. — ya maombi. applica- haula* see haya demon, pron. (pi. of hili) these.
lahaula.
wrangler, quarrelsome person. Cf. tion form. — ya deni. promissory
husuma, husumu, uhasama. note. — ya uwakala. power of attor- hayati* (-) deceased (person). Cf. hai.
hawa* ( — ) 1. longing, yearning, desire.
2. (passionate) love/attraction. — ya
hasira* (— ) vexation, anger, pata (wa script. — ya utambulishi. creden- hayawani* (-) rare 1. animal, beast.
moyo. deep/fervent love. 3. lust.
na) — . be vexed/angry. tials. 2. monster. 3. feeble-minded person,
4. (ma-) concubine. 5. pr. n. fern,
imbecile, idiot. Cf. uhayawani.
(also Ewa) Eve.
hasiri* do harm, damage, wrong, injure. .
*hatia* ( — ) error, transgression, viola-
mtu katika ugomvi. injure someone in
tion, crime, guilt, tia hatiani. ac- hayo det. ma- cl. those (mentioned, re-
hawa* (-) see hewa.
a dispute, appl. hasiria. intr. hasi-
cuse, find guilty, tiwa hatiani. be ferred to), maneno — . those words
rika. decay, deteriorate. Cf. hasara. (which have been mentioned).
convicted, ana — . He is guilty.
1
hawa dem. pron. pi. these, watu —
patikana na hatia. be found guilty.
ha ssa" see ha these people. hazama* (-) hazama (ornament, ring,
etc. worn in the nose). (= kikero,
^hatia* ( — ) rare gift, gratuity, tip.
hasua* (— ) anal, testicles. Cf, hasi. hawaa* (ma-) see havvara. kishaufu.)
= bakshishi.)
(
hata* 1. prep, until, as far as. tangu hawai* (ma-) rare whore. (
= havvara.) hazamu* (ma-) see mahazamu.
hatibu* (ma-) Isl. preacher. Cf. hutubu.
asubuhi — jioni. from early to late.
2. prep, since. 3. conj. so, so that, hawala* ( — ) check, draft; money order, hazina* ( — ) 1. treasure (money,
hatima* 1. (— ) end, conclusion, termi-
in order that; even if. tutasoma kitabu bill of exchange. C f. hawili. jewelry), valuables. 2. treasury,
nation. 2. adv. (also hatimaye)
gani — tujue maneno yenu? What kind exchequer.
finally; then, later, afterwards; (conj.)
of a book should we read so that we havvara*, hawaa (ma-) lover, paramour,
after. Cf. hiitima, hitimu.
may understand your words? — akija. concubine, mistress. Cf. uhavvara. heba* (ma-, -) see haiba.
even if he comes. 4. adv. (or — ki-
hatimaye* see hatima.
dogo, usually after negation) (not ...) hawili* change, exchange, convert; hebu*, habu love, like; be content/
at all, in the least, maneno haya si transfer (funds). — hawala. refund a happy. Cf. "haba. muhebi, stahabu.
hatimisha* caus. of hitimu.
kweli — . These words are absolutely note, repay a debt. caus. havvilisha.
untrue. jur. convey, make over, Cf. hawala.
hatimu* see hitimu. hebu!* ebu! hela! inter j. well! come
now
hatamu* ( — ) bridle, rein, ^haya* (-) 1. shame, modesty, bashful-
hatirisha* see hatarisha.
ness, timidity, tia (ingiwa na) — ona
,
hedashara* (-) see edashara.
hatari* (— ) danger, risk, hali ya — —
hatta* see hata. . feel shame. 2. subservience,
state of emergency. Cf. hatarisha.
. . .
hedj 130
good luck, salutation: kiva — ! or kwa penditures. neno la—, gramm. nu-
hedaya*, hidaya, hadaya (-) (valuable) hekimiza* impart knowledge, inform, in-
struct. Cf. hukumu, hekima. — ya kuonana! Good-b\e! 2.: —a — meral, lanya — . work a sum, draw
f
adj. fortunate, successful. 3. adv. up an account, tia katika — . put to

better, rather, prov. — adui row erevu (someone's) account, —a — . mathe-
hedhi*, hidhi, hethi ( — ) menstruation, heko* 1. inter j. hurrah! bravo! well
kama rafiki mpumbavu. Better a clever matical.
kuwa na — . menstruate. done! 2. sing, compliments, con-
enemy than a stupid friend. Cf. bu-
gratulations. Cf. hekaheka.
ll e r i , uhe r i heshima* ( — ) honor, respect, courtesy,
hedikwota* [Engl.'] (— ) headquarters,
esteem, wekeana — . treat each other
*hela!* see 2|, e l,u.
heria*, haria U'ort. arrierj 1. naut. take with respect, shika kwa — . receive
hedima* (ma-) see hadima.
in (a sail). 2. lower! (direction to someone with courtesv, prov. —
^hela* LGerm.J (— ) arch, heller, money.
. . .„ r r. , 1 , N i i
crane operators , etc.) huuzwa bure. Politeness costs vou
neaimasta' Lungi.j vma-; ncauma»ic
nothing. C f. heshirnu, mahashumu,
principal (of a school).
hema* (-) tent, piga — . pitch a tent, hcrimu* ( — ) see hiriniu. muhashamu.
ng'oa — . strike a tent.
hehema see ^hema.
Iierini* I Engl. A ( — ) coll. earring. heshirnu* honor, respect, esteem; be
=
2 hema, hehema be outof breath, pant, ( "bali, kipuli.) polite, appl. heshimia. caus. he-
hei* see hai.
breathe heavily, gasp. appl. hemea. shim i sha. C f. heshima, mahashumu,
pass, hemewa. fig. be very busy, hero (ma-) hero (small wooden serving mhesh m i i vv a , muhashamu.
heiba* (ma-, — ) see haiba.
be overworked. dish). Cf. kihero.
hes *
i , hessi, esi ( — ) screw, bolt; peg
hekaheka* (-) 1. confusion, unrest,
see himaya. heron. ( — ) flamingo. (of a musical instrument).
sport cheers, cheering. hemaya* (-)
noise. 2. fig.,
Cf. heko.
hemdi* (-) see hamdu. herul'i*, harul'i ( — ) latter (of the alpha- hethi* ( — ) see hedhi.
bet). — za kiarabu. A.rabic letters.
hekalu* (ma-) re/. 1. temple (esp. the
hemera buy (or go hunting for) food. heti* LEngl.^ ( — ) hat, cap.
Temple of J erusalem). 2. pagoda
hesabu* 1. count, calculate; estimate,
(China, India).
(-) see hamdu. appraise; consider, appl. hesabia. Iiewa*, haw a ( — ) 1. air, atmosphere;
hemidi*
settle an account with someone; consider, climate, weather; sky. punga —
in
hekaya*, hikaya
anecdote. 2.
(-) 1.
remarkable occurrence,i
tale, story,
it henezi
" c "c adv. slowly,
'
gradually,
B '
regard as,
kima.
alihcsabiwa kuwa ana he-
He was regarded as/had the
take a walk, get a breath of fresh
air; enjoy a change of air, take a
wonder, miracle.
henza* ( — ) naut. halyard. reputation of being a clever man. trip, utabiri wa — . weather fore-
intr. hesabika. be countable /calcu- casting, meteorology, kujilinda hc-
hekemua 1. stretch oneself. 2. rare
henzarani*, henzerani, henzirani, hinzi- lable. 2. {also hisabu) ( — ) arithme- wani. air defense. 2. gas. — ya
sneeze. (
= chemua.)
mathematics = elimu ya — ); ac- kutoa machozi.
rani (— ) 1. cane, rattan, bamboo. tic, ( tear gas.
2„ plaited belt/sash. count, bill; number, sum; settlement:

hekima* (-) wisdom, knowledge; phi-
calculation, computation; (bank) ac- hezaya* ( — ) see hizaya.
losophy; (power of) judgment, discern-
heri* 1. (-) good luck, success, ad- count, credit; rate. — ya biashara.
ment, wana— . be wise/shrewd.
balance of trade. — ya mapato na
vantage, mtu wa — . fortunate/suc- Ihiana*, hiyana 1. (— ) treachery, be-
mwenye — . philosopher, well-informed/
cessful person, jaliwa (na) — . have matumizi. balance of income and ex- trayal, deceit. 2. (ma-) betrayer,
educated person. Cf. hukumu.
132 hiliki hiliki 133
hianf
traitor, renegade. 3. adj. faithless, hifadhi* 1. keep, save; put aside, keep —
^hiliki* be destroyed, be lost; (fig.) die. hina*, hinna ( ) henna (a red dye used
disloyal, treacherous, mtu — . a in reserve; preserve. 2. guard, pro-
pass, hilikiwa. for staining the nails and hair). Cf.
treacherous person, mfanya — . pol. tect; rescue. — hadithi. preserve
mhina.
renegade. Cf. hini, uhiana. stories/traditions. — maziwa. store
hilo det. ji- cl. this (previously men-
up milk. appl. hifadhia. intr. hifa-
tioned), jina — . the name referred to. *Hindi* adj.: Bara Hindi. India
dhika. refl. jihifadhi. protect one-
^hiana* ( — ) rare hardness (of wood ). (= Uhindi). 2 hindi, Kihindi,
Cf.
self. 3. ( — ) guarding, protection.
hima* 1. ( — ) haste, hurry, precipitation. Mhindi, ^muhindi, Uhindi.
hiari*, hiyari 1. choose, select; prefer. 2. ( — ) stubbornness, obstinacy; per-
hii dem. pron. 1. mi- cl. these, miti
2. (also hitiari, ihtiari, ikhtiari) ( — sistence, perseverance; energy, stami- ^hindi* (ma-) single grain of corn,
wish, choice, (free) will, pleasure,
— , these trees. 2. n- cl. this.
na. 3. adv. hastily, hurriedly, maize, mahindi. corn, maize, unga wa
discretion, judgment. — yako. at your
nyumba — . this house.
re I
•l.. i
mahindi. cornmeal. Cf. Hindi,

discretion, as you see fit. kwa — . at
himiza, muhimu. Mnuhindi.
hijabu* ( — ) med. 1, neuralgia. 2. swell
one's own discretion, voluntarily.
ing of glands in the neck.
kazi ya — . voluntary work. himaya*, hamaya, hemaya ( — ) protection; hini* withhold, keep back; refuse, refl.
guardianship, tutelage. Cf. amia.hami. jihini. refrain, abstain; restrain one-

hiji* Isl. go on the pilgrimage (to Mecca).
hiba* (— ) gift, present, donation; legacy. self, appl. hinia. refl.-caus. ji-
Cf. haji.
himdu* ( — ) see hamdu. hinisha. deny oneself, practice self-
hibia* please/delight (someone). Cf. denial/abstinence. C /. J-hiana,
hikaya* (-) see hekaya.
hebu. himia* drive, impel; force, urge. uhiana.
Cf.
hima.
h i ki dem. pron. ki- cl. this, kitu —
hicho det. ki- cl. that (previously men- hinikiza break off, interrupt (a conversa-
this thing.
tioned/referred to), kitabu — . the book himidi* rel. 1, to praise (God), 2. (— tion); be bored.
referred to. = hamdu.
hila* (— ) trick, strategem, pretext, sub-
hinna* (— ) see hina.
terfuge, deceit, cunning, kwa —
hidaji* see hitaji.
himila* ( — ) 1. load, burden; freight,
craftily, deceitfully, fanya — . employ
cargo. 2. fig. pregnancy. Cf. hamali hinzirani* (— ) see henzarani.
a trick, -a -. adj. crafty, deceitful.
*hidaya* ( — ) see hedaya.
himili* 1. bear, endure, hold out. 2. fig. hirimia* intend, decide,
^hilafu*' adv. see halafu.
^hidaya* — ) see adia. be pregnant, appl. h im ilia. intr.
(
himilika. caus. himilisha. Cf. hamali. hirimu*, herimu ( — ) 1. time of life, age.
2 hilafu* (-) see halafa. 2. eth. age-group, huyu — yangu.
^hidaya* adj. beautiful, desirable.
himiza*, himu urge (to haste); speed up, This man belongs to my age-group.
hilali* (— ) crescent. contemporary.
drive on. refl. jihimiza. make haste, 3. a
hidlii* (— ) see hedhi.
hurry. — mtu kazi. urge someone to
hili dem. pron. ji- cl. this, tunda —
speed up his work. Cf. hima. hirizi* ( — ) amulet, talisman.
hidi* persuade, convert.
this fruit.
quickly, promptly; dili- himu" see himiza. ^hisa* (— ) 1. part, share. 2. math.
hidima* adv.
gently, carefully.
^hiliki* ( — ) see eliki.
quotient. 3. econ. share of stock.
) . .
134 hizi 135 hor
at the conclusion of a funeral service. dishonor, debase, appl. hizia. intr. hogo* — see
^hisa*, hissa (-) forgiveness, pardon. (ma-, ) muhogo.
Cf. hatima, hitimu. hizika. be disgraced/dishonored.
caus. hizisha. Cf. hizaya. hohehahe* LPers.J (-) lonely/solitary
hisabu* ( — ) see hesabu 2.
hitimu*, hatimu end, stop; complete, person. hoi.
Cf.
finish, conclude (esp. school, courses,
hisani*, ehsani, ihsani, hasanati (— hizi dem. pron. n- cl. pi. these.
etc.). mtoto huyu amehitimu. This hoho — —
kindness, complaisance, favor, bene- nyumba — . these houses, siku — ( ) 1.: pilipili . red pepper.
child has finished school, appl. hi-
these days. 2. a kind of cake (flavored with red
faction, preference, fanyia — . show fig. recently, today.
timia. caus. hitimisha, hatimisha. — pepper).
favor to someone, treat preferentially. zizi . emph. these very...
Cf. hatima.
Cf. mhisani.
hobe!* inter;. Go! Get out! Get started! hoi * ^Pers.J adj. helpless.
hisi* recognize; feel, perceive, sense.

vitu — . these things. 2. adv. thus,
hobela*: adv. somehow hoihoi* LPers.J (— ) noise, shouting.
hisiya. or other,
Cf.
in this way, of this sort; just, ameni- — ya karamu. mirth at a feast or
any old way, hastily and badly.
ambia — . This is what he told me. festival.
hisiya* (-) feeling. Cf. hisi.
leo -. just today. - juzi (karibu).
hodari* adj. 1. strong, powerful. 2. fin
recently, just now. sasa — (— sasa). hoja*, huja (— ma-) 1. necessity; wish.
hissa* (-) see 2 n , sa< stable. 3. active, energetic. 4. dili-
,
immediately, directly. 2. affair, matter; reason, motive; evi-

gent, skilful, capable, mtu — . a ca-
pable person. C uhodari. dence, argument, hapana — ya kugo-
historia* [Engl. ] (-) history. - ya f.
hivyo 1. det. vi- cl. these/those (men- nibana. There is no reason to quarrel.
Afrika. African history.
tioned), vitu -. the things mentioned. una —? jur. Do you have a question?
hodhi* (-) 1. water-tank, boiler.
2. adv. thus, in this way. vivyo — 3. (trumped-up) excuse, evasion.
hitaji*, hidaji, ihtaji 1. be lacking; want, 2. waste land adjoining a cultivated
just so, in this very way. usinipe — Don't make excuses
field (and claimed by its owner). . to me!
desire; be necessary; need, require.
Cf. haja.
yahitaji. It is necessary, appl. hita-
hiyana* (-) see hiana.
jia. intr. hitajika. 2. (ma-) (usually hodi!* inter j. May I come in? (before
entering a house/room.) piga — hoji*, huji jur. question, examine, in-

mahitaji) necessity, need, requirement, . call
hiyari* (-) see hiari.
vestigate; argue; compel, press, appl.
haja, hodi,' ask for admission.
requisite; request, petition. Cf.
hojia. ass. hojiana. argue, pass.
mhitaji, uhitaji. that/those (pre-
hiyo 1. det. mi- cl. hojiwa. red. (int.). keep on
hoduma* (-) see hiiduma. hojihoji.
viously mentioned), miti — . those asking questions, cross-examine.
hitiari* (-) see ri 2.
det.
trees which were mentioned. 2.
Cf. haja.
hofia* appl. of hofu.
n- cl. this, nyumba — . the house
hitilafu*, ihtilafu 1. distinguish, differ-
referred to. 3. adv. in this way.
hofu* fear, be afraid, hojihoji* red. (int.) of hoji.
appl. 1. appl. hofia.
entiate; differ, be different,
kwa — . therefore.
hitilafiana.. be be afraid of (someone/something).
hkilafia. appl. -ass.
intr. hofika. pass, hofiwa. caus.
hokumu* see hukumu 1.
different/distinct; disagree, contradict. disgrace, dishonor;
hizaya*, hezaya (-)
difference; exception, contra- hofisha. frighten/intimidate (some-
2. (— ) 1 hizi.
disfavor, misfortune, curse. Cf.
homa* — med. fever, imenishika or
diction, discrepancy; fault, defect.
one). 2. ( — ) fear, fright, terror, wa ( )
na (patwa na, shikwa na) — . be

nimeshikwa na — . I have a fever/
reading from the Ihizi* {rare stihizai) abuse, insult, dis- afraid, dread, kwa—. from fear. temperature. — ya malaria, an attack
hitima* (-) Isl. 1.
feast grace, put to shame; curse, execrate; of malaria, kipimo cha — . fever
Koran. 2. funeral sermon. 3.
thermometer.
) . )
136 hubi 137 hukumu

hombwe hubba
hombwe (— ) hombwe (kind of snail). horuma* ( — ) see huruma. hubiri* 1. say, tell, report, inform, an- hui* be revived, caus. huisha. revive,
nounce. 2. (ma-) communication, re- resuscitate, revivify. Cf. hai.
homu* (— ) steady wind. horumia* see hurumia. port, message; (rel.) sermon. Cf. ha
bari, mhubiri. huja* (— , ma-) see hoja.
homugadi* LEngl.J sing, home guard. hospitali* LEngl.J {also sipitali)
(ma-, — ) hospital, clinic. Cf. kiji- hudhud* (— ) ornith. hoopoe. hujambo see ^jambo, ujambo.
hondo, hondohondo, horohoro (-) ornith. hospitali.
crowned hornbill. ( = kwembe.) hudhuni* see huzuni. hui hoji

hosumu* ( — ) see husuma.
hondohondo (— ) see hondo. hudhuria* be present, attend, participate. hujuma* rare attack.
hota treat, give medicine to (against — katika mkutano. attend a meeting.
honga 1. pay (toll, tribute). 2. congratu- sterility or to encourage the growth of caus. hujuru* see
hudhurisha. summon, convene, hajiri.
late. 3. bribe, corrupt, appl. hongea, teeth in infants). C f. hoto.

convoke; invite. Cf. hadhara, hudhu-
hongela, hongera. 1. pay for some- huko 1. dem. pron. this (previously
thing. 2. recover fesp. after child- hoteli* L Engl, j (-) hotel, restaurant. mentioned), kucheza — . the game re-
birth). 3. jur. be acquitted/cleared of ferred to. shambani — . in the field

'hudhuria* risk, venture.
a charge, caus. hongeza. make some- hoto (ma-) medicine against sterility. mentioned. 2. adv. there, to that
one pay, ask for a bribe/blackmail. dawa ya — la uzazi. medicine for in- place; here, to this place, huko — . in
hudhurio* (ma-) presence, attendance,
jihongeza. rid oneself of some- ducing pregnancy. Cf. hota. that very place. 3. conj. — nyuma.
refl.
participation. Cf. hadhara, hudhuria.
thing. Cf. hongera, hongo. while, as when.
hotuba* (-) see hutuba.
hudhurungi* 1. (— ) light-brown cotton
hongera 1. (— ) congratulations; gift, huku 1. dem. pron. this, kucheza —
cloth (for making kanzu) 2. adj. light
hoza (— ) hoza (medicine for teething
present (birthday, holiday). 2. appl. this game, nyumbani — . at his house.
brown, yellow.
of honga. Cf. honga. children). 2. adv. here, to this place, toka —
mpaka huko. from here to there.
huduma*, hoduma (— ) service, attention,
hongo (ma-, — ) exaction, tribute; bribe, hozahoza remove, eliminate (doubts,
assistance, med. — ya kwanza. first
blackmail. Cf. honga. difficulties). hukumu*, hokumu 1. judge, dispense
aid. Cf. hadimu, hudumu.
justice, sentence; decide; rule, govern.
LEngl.J (automobile) horn. hozi* 1. acquire, have, possess. appl. hukumia. pass judgment
honi* on.
— hudumia* see hudumu.
mwenye kuhozi. monopolist. 2. (
caus. hukumiza, hukumisha. 2. (—
jur. property. administration of justice, judgment,
Ihori* (-) geogr. bay, inlet.
hudumu*, hudumia serve, attend, wait on;
sentence, decision; trial; decree, ordi-
take care of, nurse. C f. hadimu, hu-
hozuni* (-) see huzuni. nance, regulation; jurisdiction, author-
2 hori* LPers.A* (-) 1. watering trough, duma.
ity, power. — ya mwisho. rel. last
feed-trough (for animals). 2. a kind
hua (-) ornith. wild dove (Streptopelia hana — hapa.
judgment, He has no au-
of canoe. huduru* gather, assemble. Cf. hadhara.
semitorquata). thority here. — ya saa kumi. at the
tenth hour. Cf. hakama, hakimu,

horji*, horiji (-) saddlebag.
huba* (-) see 2 haba. huenda adv. possibly, perhaps. — akaja.
hekima, hekimiza, mahakma.
Possibly he will come. Cf. enda.
2 haba.
horohoro (— ) see hondo. hubba* (-) see
. .
huliv 138 hurunzi husiana 139 huyu
huliwa* (— ) fish-roe, caviar. about (e.g., from one political party to husiana/kuhusiana na... according to.., other,amehusumiana na mwenzangu.
another). 4. be disobedient. Cf. mhuni, Cf. husu. He has quarreled with my friend. Cf.
hulka*, huluka (— ) status, natural condi- uhuni. hasimu, husuma.
tion, nature, quality, characteristic. husiano* (ma-) relationship. Cf. husu.
Cf. huluki, huluku, mahluki. huntha* ( — ) rare hermaphrodite. husuni* ( — ) fort, fortress, castle.
husika* intr. of husu.
hulu* 1. cease, desist. 2. allow, permit. huo dem. pron. m- and u- cl. this (pre- husuniano* (ma-) relationship, connection.
viously mentioned), mti — . the tree husisha* caus. of husu. Cf. husu.
huluka* (— ) see hulka. mentioned, u pan pa -~. the sword re-
ferred to. husu* (and appl. husia) eive someone a husuru* Suppress. Slinintratp nnnrpsa
huluki* (— ) 1. creation. 2. creature, share, divide up; belong to, be due to. fig., mil. besiege, fig. press, assail
being. Cf. hulka. huri*, hurri, huria, huru (ma-) free person, alimhusu katika damu. He belonged to (with words).
freedman. Cf. huria, huru, uhuru. him (was related to him), fig. concern,
huluku* rel. create. Cf. hulka. pertain to, affect: befit, be suitable; be hususa* 1. adj. special, particular. 2. adi
huria* 1. (— ) freedom (of action, choice). in accordance with, maneno haya ya- especially, exactly, extremely, fully,
humdu* ( — ) see hamdu. 2. (ma-) = huri. Cf. huri, uhuru. limhusu kila mtu. These words concerned completely. Cf. hasa, husu, mahsusi.
everyone, -intr. husika. cans, husisha.
humo 1. dem. pron. in this... (previously hurijia* rare invite (to a celebration), ass. husiana. concern each other, be hutuba*, hotuba (-) 1. Isl. reading from
mentioned), nyumbani — . in the house pertinent, (ku)husiana na... according the Koran, sermon. 2. recent, speech,
referred to. 2. adv. here, in this place. hurri* (ma-) see huri. to... Cf. hasa, hususa, husiano, address. Cf. hutubu.
mumo —. at/in this very place. husuniano, kihusiano, kuhusu, mahsiisi,
hurru* see huru. uhu s ano
i
hutubu* 1. Isl. read the Koran, preach.
*humu 1. dem. pron. this, in this... 2. recent make a report, give a speech/
huru*, hurru 1. adj. free; liberated, husuda* (-) envy, ill will, jealousy,
nyumbani — . in this house. 2. adv. lecture, appl. hutubia. speak before...,
emancipated, sisi ni watu — We . are hostility. Cf. hasidi, husudu.
here, in this place, mumu — . in this address. Cf. hatibu, hutuba.
free people. 2. (ma-) see huri. Cf.
very place.
huri, uhuru. husudu*, hasidi be envious, envy. — huu dem. pron. m- and u- cl. this, mti
fulani kwa mali yake. envy someone for —
^humu* (— ) rare sorrow, grief. . this tree, utawala — . this govern-
hurulaini*, huruleini (ma-) Isl. houri. his wealth, appl. husudia. pass, husu- ment.
diwa. Cf. hasidi, husuda.
humuda (— ) help,
r
assistance. — ya kwanza. ,
— . ,
huruma*, horuma ( ) sympathy, compassion;

huwa adv. usually, ordinarily, as a rule;
first aid. -, . . ,
attection, generosity, humanity, wa na husuma*, hosumu, hasama — enmity,

( )
perhaps, possibly. Cf. *wa.
(patwa na, shikwa na, ona, fanya) — antipathy, antagonism, hostility; quarrel,
humusi* (-) a fifth.
show sympathy, be sympathetic/gen- dispute, jur.
'
lawsuit, action,
' ana — na k,,„^
nuyo j
dem. pron. m- i
cl.
.-l- /
this (previously
,
erous. Cf. rehema, hurumia. mwenzake. He is having a quarrel with

bill, draft, check, mentioned), mtu -. the person mentioned.
hundi* [/raa\] (-)
his friend. Cf. hasima, husumu.
money order.
show sympathy toward
hurumia*, horumia
liiiyu dem. pron. m- cl. this, mtu — . this
someone, have pity/mercy. Cf. huruma. husumu*, hasimu quarrel, dispute, fig. person.
huni* 1. wander around, be idle. 2. do
compete, be rivals, appl. husumia.
s ' commit acts of
wilful damage, vandalism/ , .* / \ i
hurunzi* (— ) see kurunzi appl. -ass. husumiana. quarrel with each
robbery. 3. be unstable/flighty, change
• ) . .
idili 141
iktisadi
huzuni 140
idili* 1. {_) exertion, effort; persever- ijapo, ijapokuwa conj. even if, although.
huzuni*, hudhuni, hozuni — mourning, huzunia* grieve, worry; regret, intr. ance; enthusiasm. 2. v. learn
( ) good
sorrow, grief, kwa — kubwa. in deep huzunika. be sad. caus. huzunisha. conduct; teach someone good manners ijara* (-) 1. payment, rent. 2. pay, wages,
mourning, wa na — be worried/dis-
. make sad, sadden. Cf. huzuni. earnings. Cf. ajiri.
tressed, ona (shikwa na, pata) — iftari* (_) iftari (a talisman).
grieve, worry. Cf. huzunia. ljaza* (-) 1. reward. 2. requital, retribu-
ifu (-, ma-) rare, dial. 1. ashes. 2. re- tion, punishment. Cf. jaza.
mainder, residue. Cf. jivu.
I.jumaa*, Eljuma Friday. - kuu. Good

ifuifu rare, adj. gray, ash-color. Friday.
ika rare put, place. (= weka, ikiza.)

ifya be vexed/angry (at someone).
iba embezzle, misappropriate, defalcate; idara* (— ) (government) office, department, ikhiari* adv. better.
steal, purloin, appl. ibia. steal from ministry. — ya posta. post-office depart- iga imitate, copy. - maneno ya kigeni.
someone, rob someone, tumeibiwa. We ment. — ya elimu (ukulima). ministry of imitate a foreign language, hodari wa ikhtiari* (-) see hiari 2.
have been robbed, caus. ibisha, ibiza. education (agriculture). — ya utibabu wa kuiga. imitator, mimic, appl. igia.
wanyama. veterinary service. imitate someone, caus. igiza. ikibali* sing. see
Cf. jizi, kijivi, mwivi, wivi. jina la ukubali.
kuigiza. pseudonym. Cf. igizo, mwigaji,
ibada* (— ) 1. rel. reverence, worship; idhaa* — program. — ya redio. radio mwigo, uigaji. ikirahi* (-) see
( ) kirahi.
liturgy, divine service. 2. cult. — ya program, broadcast.
= uabudi- igizo (ma-) ikirari* (-)
ubinafsi. personality cult. ( imitation, matendo ya maigizo. jur. plea. Cf. îri.
waji.) Cf. abudu. idhara* 1. (— ) slander, calumny; shame, stage setting. Cf. iga.
disgrace, discredit. 2. v. slander, ikiwa conj. if.
Ibadhi* (-) Isl. (sect of the) Ibadites. cause disgrace. ihramu* (-) 1. Isl. clothing worn on the
pilgrimage to Mecca. 2. the Pyramids. ikiza lay across, place crossways,
spread
ibara* (— ) paragraph, clause. idhini* 1. allow, permit; approve, confirm; (= haram.) Cf. haramu, harimu. out over, ikiza nyumba boriti. build the
empower, authorize; assent, concur. roof of a house.
ibilisi*, iblisi, bilisi (-) devil, satan. appl. idhinia. intr. idhinika. caus. ihsani* (-) see hisani.
idhinisha. pass, idhiniwa. 2. ( — iko loc. be. minazi iko shambani. The
iblisi* (-) see ibilisi. permission, approval, confirmation, ihtaji* see hitaji. coconut palms are in the plantation.
concurrence, authorization, taka — nyumba yake - wapi? Where is his
ibura* (— ) 1. marvel, miracle, (remarkable) request approval, toa — . give approval/ ihtiari* (-) see hiari 2. house? sukari _? Is there sugar there?
occurrence. 2. sign, mark, characteristic. consent.
3. spot, speck, blot. ihtilafu* see hitilafu. iktikazi* (-) increase.

idi*, eidi ( — ) Isl. festival, siku kuu ya
idadi* (— ) 1. number, quantity, amount. — Bairam

. festival. — ndogo. festival ihtinsa* end, conclude (apprenticeship, iktisadi* (_) thrift, econo my. -a —
bila — . without number, numberless. at the end of Ramadhan. pa mkono wa education]. economic.
2. counting, computing. — . to visit and shake hands on Bairam

holiday.
. .
Ikulu 142 143
Ikulu Ikulu (the State House in Dar es ilmu* (— ) see elimu. imla* (-) dictation (in. school). much fruit, vitu vingi. many things.
Salaam). nyumba nyingi. many houses. Cf.
ma see wima. imo loc. be. mizizi imo mchangani. The
1 .
wingi.
.
ikweta*, ekwata LEngl. J (— ) equator. roots are in the sand, nguo imo sandu-
kini. The clothes are in the chest. ingia 1. come/go in, enter. — nyumba/
ima rare eat up (food intended for others).
Mia* ( — ) fault, defect, shortcoming; nyumbani. enter a house. 2. have a
ina*, inna adv. truly, surely, certainly,
shame, disgrace, tia mtu — . to attribute q. share in, take part in, join. - safarini.
Mma^ ... ima con]., rare either
ithe
;
positively,
a failing/fault to someone. start a journey; join an expedition.
= *ama.)
(
3. get, become. — baridi (kutu). get
inadi* (-) see inda.
-11a' ma, eia con], except, apart irom;
cold (rnstv). _ liofu. beccrr.e /
bc afraid.
, ima ima adv. see kiwimawima.
4. be imported, appl. ingilia. 1. enter
unless; but; otherwise, or else.
inama 1. bend, decline, sink, —macho. with a purpose, go in for..., pry into...
imamia fall upon, attack.
cast down the eyes. 2. bow, bend over; 2. cohabit, have sexual intercourse
ilakini* see lakini.
crouch, appl. inamia. bow to someone; with (pass, ingiliwa, ass. ingiliana).
imamu* (— ) Isl. imam.
lean/depend on someone, fig. insist on stat. ingika.
ilani* (— ) announcement, publication, caus. ingiza. cause/
something, caus. inamisha. - kichwa. permit to enter, effect entry; insert;
(public) statement, declaration, pro- imani* (— ) belief; (religious) faith, creed;
lower the head (from shame, embarrass- import,
— — appl. -caus. ingiliza. introduce
clamation. ya ulimwengu kuhusu confidence, honesty, hana na mwen-
ment). Cf. jinamizi, kiinatnizi, mwina- someone
haki za binadamu. universal declaration ziwe. He has no confidence in his friend.
to (a new job, etc.), break in;
mishi, mwinamo; also inika, inua. install (in office); import (merchandise),
of human rights. — ya kithaura. revolutionary spirit. Cf.
ass. ingiana. caus. -ass. ingizana. Cf.
amana, amini.
Mnchi* [Engl.] (-) inch (2.5 cm). kiingilio, maingiano, maingiliano,
ile dem. pron. 1. mi- cl. those, miti —
— mwingilizi, mwingizaji, uingizaji.
those trees. 2. n- cl. that, kazi imara* 1. {— ) strength, power; (fig.) firm-
2 inchi (-) see
that work. ness, steadfastness; stubbornness, per- nchi.
ingine adj. 1. other, second; different.
sistence, perseverance, stamina, endur-
watu wengine. other people, miti mingine.
ilhE hali. ance, kipa — . rel. confirmation {lit. that inda*, inadi (— ) obstinacy; tactlessness,
other trees, matunda mengine. other
which gives strength). 2. adj. strong, troublesomeness.
fruits, vilima vingine. other mountains.
ili* conj. (so)that, in order that, (in order) powerful; (fig.) firm, steadfast, persis-
nyumba nyingine. other houses, ingine
to. tent. Cf. imarika, uimara, uimarisho. îndi inda.
...ingine. some ... others. 2. some, a
few. watu wengine. some people. 3.
iliki* (— ) see eliki. imarika* be strong/firm, be steadfast/ inde —
( ) hot. Guinea grass (Panicum
next, saba nyingine. next week. Cf,
persistent, caus. imarisha. strengthen, maximum).
kwingineko, pengine, vingine, vinginevyo.
ilimu* (-) see elimu. establish, confirm. Cf. imara.
ingawa, ingawaje conj. although, even if,

ingua scare, frighten.
ilizi* ( — ) ilizi (charm against lions). imarisha* caus. of imarika. notwithstanding.
ini (ma-) 1. anat. liver. 2. heart (as the

ilkanun* ( — ) measure, standard. imba sing. appl. imbia. appl.-ass. imbiana. ingi adj. many, numerous, watu wengi.
seat of emotions), maneno yale yalim-
sing together/ in chorus, caus. imbisha, many people, wale wengi. majority.
kata -. Those words cut him to the
ilia* see " ila. imbiza: 1. lead singing, direct a chorus. miaka mingi. many years, matunda mengi.
quick. (= moyo.)
2. study singing. Cf. mwimba, mwimbi-
shi, wimbaji, wimbo.
)
145 itikadi
inika 144
isha end, conclude; stop, cease;

inika 1. bend, bend down; lower the head inua 1. Taise, lift, elevate. — mizigo. Israili* see Izraili.
— raise/pick up a load. — macho, raise the complete, ugomvi umekwisha. The dis-
(from shame). 2. lower, pull down.
eyes. heal, cure, inuka. pute has been ended, kazi imekwisha istakabadhi* (-)
tawi. pull down a branch. 3. overturn, 2. fig. in It. see stakabadhi.
humble/abase raise oneself, rise; be raised, nchi 1'anywa. The work is already done.
lay on one side. 4. fig.
appl. ishia. double appl./int. ishilia. istiimari*
oneself, caus. inikisha, inikiza. inainuka. The country is a highland. sing, colonialism, imperialism.
get better, improve;
double appl. -caus. ishiliza. Cf. kisha,
humble/humiliate someone. Cf. kiini- intr.-appl. inukia.
mwisho, l maishilio. istiska* (-) med. dropsy.
kizo; also inama, inua. pick up, start to thrive. Cf. kiinua,
mwinuko; also inama, inika.

New isha*, esha (-) istiwai* sing., rare equator. (= ikweta.)
injili*, anjili, enjili (-) rel. gospel, Isl. evening prayer
Testament. (,- maandiko ya Agano inuka imr. of inua, w:30 - 6:30).
Jipya.)
ita call, summon; name, mention; call upon,
inya see nya. ishara*, taashira (-) invite, intr. itika. be called; respond to
1. sign, indication,
symptom; phenomenon. a call/summons/invitation, intr.-appl.
injini* {rare enjine, enchini) [Engl.-i (— 2. something
engine, machine, motor. — ya moshi. inzi (ma-, — ) (common house-) fly. strange/remarkable. Cf. ashiria.
itikia. answer someone, respond to some-
thing; agree with someone, caus. itisha.
steam engine,
iowe* ( — ) see yowe. ishi*, aishi live, exist; last, remain. — summon someone, have someone called.
engineer. milele. last forever, pass. itwa. anaitwa Saidi. He is called

injinia* [Engl.'] (-) Cf. kuishi pamoja kwa
amani. peaceful coexistence, Said. His name is Said, kama inavyoitwa.
uinjinia. *ipi see pi. appl.
ishia. Cf. aushi, maisha,
so-called. Cf. itikio, itiko, kiitikio,
maishilio.
revelation. mwitaji, mwito.
inkishafi* (-) 1. rel.
îpi (— ) rare fist. (
= ngumi.)
2. Inkishafi (name of a poem). ishirini*, asherini twenty.
itakadi* rel. believe. Cf. itikadi.
ipo loc. be. miti ipo shambani. The trees
inna* see ina. isilahi* (-) see suluhu.
are there in the field.
itatubwaga bring a curse upon oneself,
sport inside (foot- suffer the bad effects of one's own

insaidi* [Engl. J (-)
— see jipu. isimu*, ismu (-) 1. name. 2. essence,
ipu ( )
- kuume inside right. action. Cf. bwaga.

ball). (vva raiti). character; person. - ya mtu. everyone,
— kushoto (wa lefti). inside left.
ipua inv. of epa.
each person. 3, gramm., rare subject.
ithibari* (-) see itibari.
insha* (-) 1. essay; theme, composition irabu* (— ) vowel sign (in the Arabic script). isipokuwa 1. prep, except, with the
version. ithibati* (— ) confirmation, evidence, proof.
(school). 2. (written) draft, exception of. 2. conj. if not, unless.
3. work (of literature or music). iriba* ( — ) rare see riba.
itibari*, ithibari (-) confidence; esteem,
Islamu* 1. (-) Islam, ingia — . accept
Yes, certain- respect; faith, fidelity.
inshallah!* interj. of assent iriwa (— ) (bench-)vise.
Islam. 2. (ma-) Moslem, Mohammedan.
ly. (If Allah wills it.) Cf. silimu, Kiislamu, Mwislamu.
itifaki* (-) agreement, concord, harmony.
Hsa* rare love, like.
inspekta* [Engl.] (ma-) inspector. - wa ismu* (-) see isimu.
itikadi* (-) 1. belief, faith (religion,
polisi. police inspector.
Îsa* pr. n. masc. Isa (bin Mariamu). Jesus tradition). 2. endurance, perseverance.
Israfil* see Izraili 2.
insurance. - ya (son of Mary) (when spoken of by Moslems). Cf. itakadi.
insurensi* [Engl.] (-)
maisha. life insurance.

itikio 146 jaamati jabali 147 jahinu
itikio (ma-) 1. answer, echo. 2. liter, re- ivu, ivo (-) see jivu. jabali*, jibali, gebali (ma-) 1. mountain, jafi* (_) jafi ( kind of ; nsect) .
frain. 3. consent, acceptance, Cf. ita. mountain range; rock, crag, cliff. 2. fig.
iwapo conj. if, even if; although. prominent/exceptional person, mtuhuyu jafu(-) weir-basket (for crabs).
itiko (ma-) answer. Cf. ita. ~ sana. This is a fearless person. 3.
fig. raised embroidery on the back of a
iza* rare refuse, decline, reject (assis- ;
l
ae
d S'i* [En P l
Lzngi. 1
j (
{ — )
)
;„„
jug. — (a ma|i.
I
water-
ituri* ( — ) odor, fragrance, perfume. = kanzu. .
—
.
tance); not like, not favor. ( chukia, jug. la maziwa. milk-can. — la maua.
= manukato, marashi.)
(
kanusha, zia.) flower-vase.
jabari* (— ) 1. almighty, omnipotent fa
itwa pass, of ita. title of Allah). 2. proud, fearless person. jaha*(-)
izara* (— ) disgrace, shame, dishonor. 1. dignity, honor, fame, glory.
3. martyr (to a cause). Cf. jabali. /_
9. g 00 ,I 1-ck, success. -
r
u '
iva, wiva 1. ripen, become ripe; be cooked/

ukuu, usitawi, heshima.) mtu aliyeshu-
4
done, embe zinaiva. The mangoes are jaddi* (-) see jadi,
5
Israili 1. Israel. 2. {also
jadi. shivva — . a person who has been granted
.
Izraili*,
ripening, nyama lmeiva. Ine meat T,, is
good fortune, fig. kilango cha -. the
* srafil ) the an S el of death °
done. 2. be ready /prepared, coll. mambo
jadi* (-) 1. ancestor, forebear. 2. family gate of paradise, nyota ya — . astr.
yote yameiva. Everything is prepared/
tree, genealogy. (= nasaba, asili, ukoo,
comet, ameona nyota ya -. He has a
ready. Cf. bivu.
kabila.) watu hawa hawana — nasi. The happy/successful future before him.
people are not related to us. pa — show
. honor (to someone); raise in
rank, promote; appoint (to a responsible
post).
jadi* 1. wish , desire (strongly); demand.
2. (ma-) {usually majadi) desire; effort,
jahabu* 1. shore up ( a ship for repairs).
exertion; persistence. 3. adv. very
2. (ma-) naut. brace, stay; slipway.
much; exorbitantly.
Cf. majahabu.
ja {dial, cha) 1. come, arrive. — mbio. fig. saa imejaza. The clock is wound up.
3 jadi*,
chadi (-) astr. Capricorn.
come running. 2. occur, happen, turn out. cans. -ass. jazana. push, crowd (one jahanum*, jahinu, jehannum, jehena (-)
2 jazi, kijaa, ujalivu,
nitakuja kusafiri. It will turn out that I another). Cf. rel. hell.
4 jadi*, jaddi
ujazi. (-) rare hunger, famine.
will have to go on a trip. appl. jia. intr.
= njaa.)
jika. be accessible/passable, njia hii (
jahazi* (-, ma-) sailing ship (in gen.).
haijiki. This road is impassable. Cf. 2jaa (— ) rubbish-heap, dunghill. Cf. jalala.
5 jadi*,
jio, kijakazi, kijio, kinjia, mja, mjakazi, jaddi (-) kafir corn. jahi* (-) geogr. North Pole.
.. .. 9
miio, njia, ^njaji, ujia, ujio. (- kaskazi, kibla.)
3j aa * (_) r are north.
jadili* discuss, argue, debate, appl. jahili*, jaahiri rare 1. (ma-) rough, in-
jadilia. ass, jadiliana. prove/demon- sensitive person. 2. adj. cruel;
Vjaa 1. be/become full, mtungi umejaa jaahiri* (ma-) see jahili. ignorant,
strate something to each other. Cf. uncivilized. (= katili, jinga, pumbavu.)
maji. The jug is full of water, maji ya
jadiliano. Cf. ujahili.
kujaa. flood. 2. fig. be abundant/plen- jaali* 1. be powerful. 2. favor,
tiful; have plenty of something, be abun-

jadiliano* (ma-) {usually majadiliano) dis- jahina* adj. bold, brave, courageous,
dantly supplied, amejaa ujanja. He has jaamati* (-) 1. mosque. 2. meeting-place,
cussion, argument, debate, shirikiana
very great skill, appl. jalia. caus. jaza. Cf. jamii.
-. take part in a debate. Cf. jadili. jahinu* (-) see jahanum.
fill (up, out), jaza hati. fill out a form.
148 jambo jambo 149
l
ala janga
This is an obvious fact. 3. general

Aneilema jaliko (ma-) see ^waliko. for- wote -. all together.
jaja (— ) jaja (perennial plant, mula of greeting, jambo! Good Day, Cf. jaamati, jamaa,
jumuiya, ujamaa.
aequinoctiale). Hello (to a single person), jamboni! (to
jaluba*, jaruba (-), kijaluba (vi-) metal
several persons), hujambo? How are
(cloth, by rubbing be- box (usually for betel). jamvi* (_) (plaited floor-)matting.
jajaga rare wash you? jambo or sijambo. Good, thank
tween the hands). you. Cf. ujambo.
jamaa* (-) 1. family, relatives, mtu wa -. jamvia* (-) see jambia.
a member of the family, a relative; (fig.)
Ijaji* {.Engl.'] (ma-) judge. Cf. Vijaji. 2 jambo
jamani (-) (fishing-)bait.
companion, comrade, inter], ijana (ma-) 1. large/healthy child. 2. young
twendeni. Let us go, friends. 2. company, person, young man/woman (= kijana).
2iaii (ma-) XPP. Vai. jamhlia rnre rlea n ~l„«
gathering, meeting; coopcialiuu. d. larva of insects, majana ya nyuki.
Cf. jamii, ujamaa. bees in the larval stage. mwana.
Cf.
jajua make sour. jamda (-) cumin, caraway. Cf. kisibiti.
jamadari* (ma-) see jemadari. o.

jana 1. (_) time past/previous,
jalada*, jelada, gelada (-) bookbinding, jamdani* {Pers.] (-) siku ya
(white) brocade,
_ -. the previous day.
cover< ya karatasi. cardboard, paste- 1. courtesy, manners, propriety, ribbon. wiki (ya) -. last
jamala* (-)
week. 2. adv. yesterday, tumefika -.
board; case/folder (for documents). Cf.
decorum, hana jamaa wala — . He has
We arrived yesterday.
1
jalidi. family,) nor manners.
jamei* unnatural sexual relations.
neither breeding (lit.
2. kindness, complaisance. Cf. tajamala,

janaa* (-) see janaha.
jalala (-) rubbish-heap, dump. Cf. jaa. jamhuri* (_) 1. republic. - ya Sudan, the
tajamali.
Republic of the Sudan. - ya Muungano,
janaba* (rare chanaba) (-)
jalali* (-) almighty, omnipotent (title of
jamanda*, chamanda (-) (round) covered - ya Waarabu. United Arab Republic, Isl. (ritual)
impurity, pollution, uncleanliness
tangaza - (or nchi kuwa -). proclaim (after
Allah). basket. Cf. kijamanda. a
sexual intercourse).
republic. 2. accumulation, gathering,
1. honor, respect. 2. pay attention break wind loudly. 2. (ma-) assembly. - ya watu. a gathering of
jali* jamba 1.
janaha*, janaa (-)
in- people, crowd; (comm.) People's Re-
shame, dishonor, dis-
to, observe, regard, bila kujali. (intestinal) wind.
grace. (= aibu, haya, fedheha.)
attentive. public.
jambazi* (ma-) 1. tramp, beggar. 2. rogue,

janda (ma-) rare leaf, foliage.
jamia* (-) see jamii 3.
Ijalia* grant, empower, enable; lend sup- cheat, sharper.
port, pass, jaliwa. tutasafiri tukijaliwa.

jandala (-) leaving, leftover
jamii* 1. gather, collect, (after a
make we are able (if it jambeni* (— ) crosscut saw (two-handed). assemble.
We will the trip if
meal).
2. (also ass. jamiiana) copulate, have
is granted to us). Cf. majaliwa.
dagger (curved, broad- sexual intercourse, caus. jamiisha.
jambia*, jamvia (-) jandaru* Qnd.l (-) see chandalua.
3. {also jamia) (-) mass, group, body;
bladed). Cf. shembea.
2jalia appl. of jaa.
company, community; number, sum; to-
jando (ma-) 1. (rite of) initiation/circum-
1. matter, affair, condition,
tality. — ya manowari. navy. — ya
1. bind (a book). 2. beat,
1 jambo (mambo) cision. 2. secret place where initiation
Ijalidi*, jelidi ndege.
katika mambo ya sasa.
air force. - ya mizinga. battery.
circumstance, rites are performed.
whip. Cf. jalada, mjelidi. 4. gramm. substantive. — ya dini. reli-
under the present circumstances/condi-
- 2. fact,
gious community. - ya mali. sum (total)
tions. gumu. difficult matter. janga 1. (ma-) torment, pain, annoyance;
2jalidi* (-) (black) frost, killing frost. of money. 5. adv. mass, together.
actual state of affairs, hili ni - wazi. in
failure, patwa na -. be beset by pain/
Cf. sakitu.
jasisi 151 jembe
janga 150
caus. jasirisha. 2. (ma-) see mjasiri. e interr. how? what? nifanyeje? What
failure. 2, v. grumble, complain; blame, jarabati*, mjarabati, mjaribati adj. tried,
3. adj. brave, courageous, Cf. mjasiri, shall do?
I
accuse. Cf. mjango. tested, attested, certified. Cf. jaribu.
ujasiri.
jaraka* (— ) rare see jeraha. ebu* [Ind.] (ma-) woman's ornament (of
2janga adj. see changa.
jasisi* 1. find, locate. 2. rare investi- gold or silver, worn under the chin).
gate, go into thoroughly, pursue (a sub-
jarari* (— ) naut. halyard.
jangwa (ma-) desert, wilderness, desolate
ject); shadow, spy on (someone). edhamu* (-) see
= jethamu.
place. ( nyika, pori, pululu, wangwa.) = mpelelezi, mdoya,
{usually majaribio) ( haini, saiiti.)
jaribio*, jaribu (ma-)
appl. jasisia. caus. jasisisha. Cf. edwali* (-)
attempt, trial, test, experiment; effort. list, table, plan, schedule.
jani (usually majani) (ma-) 1. leaf, grass;
— va maWnmlinra va atom, atomic test. mjasusi, ujasusi.
leaves, foliage, bush, ingia majauiiii.
Cf. jaribu. efua* rare abhor, feel repugnance/
go into the bush. 2. adj. green, majani
jasmini* (-) see yasmini. loathing.
mabichi. dark green.
jaribosi* (ma-) tinfoil.
jasusi* (ma-) see mjasusi. efule* (-) roughness, brutality, violence,
janibu* (— ) side; district, region; direction.
jaribu*, jeribu 1. try out, test; taste (foods), coercion; tyranny, despotism.
caus. jari-
jauri* (-) see jeuri.
appl. jaribia. intr. jaribika.
janika see anika.
bisha. 2. (ma-) see jaribio. Cf. jara- ehannum* (-) see jahanum.
jawabu* (ma-) 1. answer, math, product.
bati, jaribio, majaribu, mjaribu.
janikiwiti (rare chanikiwiti) adj. green,
2. matter, affair. — liwe lote. be it (the ehena* (— ) see jahanum.
grass-green.
matter) as it may. Cf. jibu, majibizano.
jarida*, jerida (ma-) rare newspaper. (= gazeti.)
— la serikali. official gazette. eki* [Engl.] (-) 1. jack, kutia -. jack

janja 1. (ma-) [augment, of mjanja) thief,
*jaza caus. of jaa. up (e.g., an automobile, for repairs).
swindler, rogue. — na janjuzi. a great
more artful
jarifa* (ma-) dragnet (for fishing). 2. coll. money, nipige (tie) — Lend me
.
rogue outwitted by a still
^jaza* reward, give a present
some money.
rogue. 2. adj. clever, crafty, cunning, 1. to; main-
jaruba* (— ) see jaluba.
artful, deceitful. Cf. mjanja, ujanja. tain, support. 2. punish. Cf. jazi, jazua.
jela* [Engl.] (-) 1. jail. 2. jailer.
jasho* (ma-) 1. heat, temperature. 2. sweat,

janjuzi see janja. *jazi* 1. reward, requite; compensate,
perspiration, fanya (toa) — . sweat, per- jelada* (-) see jalada.
indemnify, appl. jazia. caus. jazisha.
peponi,
spire, kazi ya — . heavy physical labor.
janna* (-) rare paradise. (= 2. (ma-) reward, compensation; gift.
jitia — work
. up a sweat. j el id i* see jalidi.
ferdausi.) 2 jaza.
Cf.
Ijasi* (ma-) rare jasi (ear-ornament, a

jem* [Engl.] (-) jam, marmalade.
jano (— ) footstool.
= kipali, kipini.) jazi, jazo (ma-) enlargement, increase,
round silver disc). (
augmentation, increment; abundance, jemadari*, jamauari

cramp, spasm, convulsion.
[ind., Pers.] (ma-)
jansi (-) med.
profusion; excess, surplus. Cf. jaa. commander, general. — mkuu. commander
2jasi* (ma-) white limestone (used on the
in-chief.
Januari* [Engl.] (-) January. fingers when plaiting mats and as a face-
jazo (ma-) see ^jazi.
powder).
jembe (ma-) 1. agric. hoe, mattock, spade,
japo conj. although, even if. — hakuja...
be reckless, foolhardy; be jazua*, jezwa, jizya (-) indemnification,
ijapo.
jasiri*, jusiri 1. plow. — la meno. harrow. — (Jlaya.
although he did not come... Cf.
bold, brave, appl. jasiria. intr. jasirika. compensation; reward; gift, present. plow, piga -. hoe, plow. 2.: majembe.
Cf. jaza.
. .
152 a jibali 153 ikalifu

;nabu .l'
jibali* (ma-) see jabali. idamka dial, get up (very early in the
(= kidonda.) pata -. be wounded. Cf.
naut., av. screw, propeller (- rafardha).
morning).
wembe. jeruhi, majeruhi.
Cf. '-clu-mbe. kijembe,
jibene* ( — ) see jibini.
jeraha.
ifia (ma-) see ji fya.
jeraka* (ma-) rare see
jibini*, jibene (dial, chibene) ( — ) cheese.
jenabu* (-) jenabu (title of address in
= chizi.) iiu (ma-) see jivu.
(
Arabic letters). jeribu* see jaribu.
2
see jarida. jibio* (ma-) see jibu 2. ifundisha refl. -caus. of funda.
jeneral* [£ng/.] (ma-) general. jerida* (ma-)
™"™nd injure, nass. jeruhiwa. jibiza caus. of jibu. ifya, j ifia (mafya) cooking-stone. (Three
jeneza* — uiei. 'eruhi*
{ >
jeraha, majeruhi. of these stones form the cooking place).

Cf.
jibodoa praise oneself, boast.
jenga build, construct, erect, appl. jengea.
geshi, cheshi) (ma-) 1. mil. igamba boast, show off. Cf. amba.
intr. jengeka. caus. jengesha. inv. jeshi* (rare
down, destroy, army. - la ukombozi la umma. People's 'jibu* 1. answer, reply, respond, appl.
jengua. cut down, tear
Liberation Army, fanya (kusanya) — jibia. answer someone, intr. jibika. igonjweza see gonjweza.
sisi kazi yetu kujenga, sio kujengua.
destroy. muster/levy an army, majeshi. armed swali hili halijibika. This question is
It is our task to build up, not to
inv. -intr. jenguka. forces, majeshi ya kanuni. regular army/ not answerable, caus. jibiza, jibisha. iguzo ( — ) 1. pillar, post (in house con-
inv. -appl. jengulia.
troops. 2. mass, crowd, host. Cf. 2. (ma-) (also jibio; usually majibu & struction). 2. support, comfort.
Cf. jengo, jenzi,
'fig.
inv.-caus. jengusha.
kijeshi. majibio) answer, response, pata (pokea) Cf. nguzo.
mjengo, mjenzi, ujenzi.
— . receive an answer, kupa (toa) —
LlndJ (-) loafer, lazybones. give an answer. Cf. javvabu, majibi- jihadhari* refl. (inter].) of hadhari.
jengelele, chengelele (ma-) {also ujenge-
jeta*
2. zano.
l e ] ei _) anal. 1. small intestine.
jetea, nyetea 1. rely on, count on (someone, jihii'adhi* refl. of hifadhi.
(vulg.) penis.
something). 2. be arrogant/overbearing. 2jibu* LEngl.J (-) naut. jib.
refl. jijetea. be self-assured/conceited. jihongeza caus. -re fl. of honga.

jengo (ma-) (usually majengo) 1. building,
construction, toa (andika) -. draw a jibwa a-) large dog. Cf. mbwa.
building material. jethamu*, jedhamu, chethamu (-) med. jijetea refl. of jetea.
plan for a building. 2.
leprosy. 2. elephantiasis.
3. scaffolding, enclosure, shed. Cf. 1. jicho (macho) eye. I'umba (fumbua) macho.
open (close) the eyes, — fix the jiji (ma-) rare big town/city. Cf. mji,
jenga. angaza .
jeuri* (rare (ore) L (-) (also ujeuri) injustice, eye on, look fixedly at. pepesa — wink,
.
kijiji.
brutality, oppression, mwenye -. tyrant,

blink, kaa macho, be/keep awake, ana
jengua inv. of jenga.
unjustly/
oppressor, fanya (leta, toa) -. act (yu) macho. He is awake, tazama kwa Ijika make an effort ;
press, strain (in
2. adj. unjust,
arbitrarily /tyrannically.
jenzi (ma-) (usually majenzi; also ujenzi) macho, observe, inspect, macho kwa giving birth). Cf. mjiko.
jenga. arbitrary, violent, tyrannical. —
style/method of building. Cf. macho, eye to eye, face to face. fig.
jersey, knitted jacket.

la maji. spring (of water). — la ua. ^-jika intr. of ja.
jezi* [Engl.~\ (-)
jera* (ma-) rare see j« raha. (opening) bud. rel. Jicho la Mungu.
jczwa* (-) see jazua. God Almighty. Cf. kijicho, kimacho. jikalia refl. -appl. of kaa.
(rare jera, jeraka) (ma-) 1. mark,
jeraha*
jia appl. of ja.
marking. 2. wound, injury; ulcer, sore. jidai* refl. of dai. jikalifu* refl. of kalifu.
s
jikania 154 155

jitukf
jikania refl.-appl. of kana. ^jimbo (ma-) medicine made from tamarind jino (meno) tooth. -
1. l a m bele. front na kwetu. This country is close to ours.
leaves (used for washing new-born babies). tooth, incisor. - la nyuma. molar, meno 3. adv. near, close by. shamba -.
— an
j ike (ma-) female animal, farasi . mare. ya juu. upper teeth, meno ya cliini. adjacent field, tunakaa -. We live near
Cf. ke. jina (ma-) name, proper name; appellation, lower teeth, ng'oa - (or, in the case of each other. Cf. majirani, ujirani.
designation; (gramm.) substantive, noun. a child, ota -;. pull a tooth, toa meno.
jikimbiza refl.-caus. of kimbia. — lako nani? What is your name? — la show/bare the teeth, umwa na -. have iri* 1. start,
set in; happen, occur. 2. flow
kupanga (dhihaka, utani). nickname. — a toothache, meno ya msumeno. saw- (of water); pass, elapse (of time);
(fig.)
jiko (meko) fireplace, cooking-place, la fumbo. pseudonym. Cf. kijina. teeth, -a meno meno. notched, serrated, circulate (of money), caus.
jirisha.
stove, kazi ya kijungu — . a job which crenelated. 2. something toothlike: carry out, execute (laws, etc.).
affords a bare subsistence. — or loc. jinai* ( — ) crime, delict, kesi ya — . criminal prong (of a fork, etc.), cog. 3. strand (of
jikoni. kitchen. — la umeme. electric case. rope, etc.); plug, twist
(of tobacco). - jiriwa* see jiliwa.
cooker; dynamo (on a bicycle), mkaa zima la tumbako. plug of pressed tobac-
jikoni. stay-at-home. jinaki* think well of oneself, be proud, co. Cf. kimenomeno, msumeno. jisima* (ma-) rare form, figure, (external)
boast. Cf. nakawa. appearance.
jikohoza refl.-caus. of kohoa. jinsi*, ginsi (-) 1„ kind, sort; class,
jinamisi — jinamisi (kind of fish). quality. 2. manner, procedure, method.

( ) jisu (ma-) (augment, of kisu) large knife.
jikunjua refl.-inv. of kunja. — gani? in what way? how?
jinamizi (ma-) (also ujinamizi) 1. twist, jitahidi*, jitihadi 1. exert oneself, try
jikweza refl.-caus. of kwea. bend, curve. 2. bow, (act of) bending jinywa (ma-) (augment, of kinywa)
big hard, take pains, caus. ji tahid isha.
over/bowing. 3. humility, self-abase- mouth (as a term of opprobrium).
Cf. 2. (ma-) see jitihadi.
jilio (ma-) 1. (us. pi.) arrival, occurrence, ment. 4. nightmare. — limenilemea. I
approach. 2. (majilio, usually rel.) ad- had nightmares. Cf. inama. jiti (ma-) (augment. o/"l m ti) large tree,
vent. Cf. ja. jio (ma-) 1. rare approach, arrival. 2. fig tree trunk; (large) piece of
wood.
jinga adj. & adv. stupid, ignorant, foolish. evening, usually loc. jioni. (in the)
jilisi* sit down. Cf. majilisi. C f. kijinga, mjinga, ujinga. evening, jioni leo. this evening.
Cf. ja. jitihadi*, jitahidi, jitihada (ma-) (also
u jitahidi) exertion, effort, industry,
jiliwa*, jiriwa {rare chiriwa) ( — ) vise.
jingi (ma-) quantity, (great) number.
jiografia* [Engl.] (-) geography. zeal. Cf. jitahidi, juhudi
Ijimbi (ma-) cock, rooster. (

= jogoo.) jioni (loc. of jio) (in the) evening.
2jingi (ma-) one of the uprights of a frame jitimai* (-) sorrow, grief, sadness,
— lavvika. The cock crows. melancholy, affliction,
for rope-making (supporting a cross- kuwa na -.
jipu (ma-) med. abscess, tumor, boil. grieve.
board, bao la — ).
tumbua — . lance a boil.
ijimbi (— ) 1. taro root (Colocasia anti-
quorum). Cf. myugwa, mayugwa. jingizi see zingizi. jito, juto (ma-) (augment, of l
mlo) (large,
jira (-) caraway, cumin. Cf. kisibiti. broad) river, lake.
2. (also mjimbi, vi-) fern, bracken
(P teridium aquilinum). jini* (ma-) spirit (chiefly in children'

jirani* (-, ma-) 1. neighbor, prov. heri - itu (ma-) (augment, of mtu)
stories: beneficent, but sometimes giant.
karibu kuliko ndugu mbali. A neighbor
Ijimbo (ma-) 1. (inhabited) territory, dis- frightening). (~ zimwi, not shetani.)
nearby is better than a relative far away. jituka
ujini.
be frightened/startled/confused-
trict, province. 2. rel. diocese. Cf. be
2. ne.ghborhood, vicinity. „ c hi hii ni - anxious/uneasy. Cf. shtua (?).
.
jlVl 156 joshi

joshi
157
Juh
jivi (ma-) see j i z i

joho* ( — ) 1. woolen cloth. 2. a kind of
Arab cloak. joshi ( ma .) {augment, o/moshi) thick/ caus. julisha ( rare juza)> let know
copious smoke.
.jivi (ma-) wild hog. announce, inform. Cf. juvi, kijuvi,
joka, choka (ma-) {amplic. of nyoka) large
mjuvi, mjuzi, ujuvi, ujuzi.
snake. josho, chosho (,na-)
jivu, jifu (ma-) ash(es). jivujivu, -a kijivu. 1. place for washing/
bathing. 2. place for washing corpses.
adj. ash-colored, ashen, gray. 1:
uba* (_) chisel.
joko (ma-) potter's kiln. Cf. oka. Cf. osha.
jivujivu adj. see jivu.

jongea move, come near, approach, appl. joto (ma-) {augment, of Imoto) juba* (-, ma-) linen shirt/coat.
1. (in-
jongelea. caus. jongeza. tense) heat. 2. ne d. inflammation,
jivuna be proud; put on airs, boast. Cf. high
vuna.
""'" I
,lma -• ta ke the temperature -juba- adj., rare fearless, brave.
fo/
jongo (ma-) 1. amplic. of mgongo. a person). Cf. ujotojoto.
2. (strong, heavy) seam (in sewing). juburu*
jiwe (mawe) 1. stone, nyumba ya mawe. 1. force, compel. 2. encourage.
3.: ugonjwa wa — . med. gout, rheumatism. joya (ma-) oy a (coconut with spongy
stone house, mchongaji wa mawe. j
shell), kama -. spongy, porous. jugumu*

stonemason. — la thamani. precious talk contemptuously /derisively/
jongomeo ( — ) myth, hereafter, life to come.
ironically.
stone. — la msingi. cornerstone, fig.,
interj. mawe! Nonsense! 2. {us. pi.: Jozi*(- ma-) 1. pair. _ va viatu# a

mawe ya mizani) weights (of scales). jongoo (ma-) millipede. — la pwani. pair of shoes. .!»Swe* [Engl.l (-) sport
2. things belonging to- tug-of-war.
Cf. kiwe, mbwe.
beche-de-mer, large sea slug (~ babaje, gether (in a set, etc.). - ya karata. a
kojojo). deck of playing cards. juha* (ma-) rare stupid person,
fool.
jiza (— , ma-) see g> za -
(- mjinga, mpumbavu, baradhuli.)
'jongoo: — halipandi mtungi. coll. impo- .I'ozi* (-) (kernel of a) nut, almond,
tent man. juhudi* (-) effort, exertion, zeal.
jizi, jivi (ma-) {augment, of mwivi, mwizi) walnut. Cf. lozi. mwenye
a well-known/habitual thief. Cf. iba. -. comm. activist. Cf. jitihadi
jora* Llnd.J { — ) 1. cotton, calico. 2.
.jozi (ma-) 1,
hozi.
jizla* (— ) jizla (unit of weight: 166 kg). piece of calico about 30 yards long. iukumu* Llnd.l (-) insurance,
guarantee,
warranty; responsiblity
role, task. ;
jua (ma-) 1. sun, sunshine. - 'pa -. insure (commercial

jizya* (— ) see jazua. jore (— ) jore (kind of bird, Eurystomus kucha. I
goods).
sunrise. - kuchwa. sunset. - chukua -. bear the responsibility,
afer). kichwani.
midday, noon ('sun on the head'). - guarantee,
jodari* (— ) jodari (kind of dried fish). jichukulia -. take/assume
kali, hot sun. responsiblity.
2. clear, sunny weather.
-jore* (-) see jeuri.
jogoo (ma-) cock, rooster. — la kwanza.
cock-crow (2:00 A.M.). — la pili.
-jua know, be acquainted with; ukwaa*, jukwari (ma-) 1.
first recognize; scaffold(in f
.joshi*, goshi (— ) naut. weather/wind- grasp, understand, platform.
second cock-crow (4:00 A.M.). Cf. -jambo. know a
2. gallows, scaffold. 3.
ward side. rostrum.
kijogoo, ujogoo. thing, know about something. _ kuandi-
ka. know how to write, kwa kujua.
inten
^joshi adv. (ride) at a gallop, alimpanda tionally, on purpose, jukwari* (ma-) see
johari* (— ) jewel, precious stone; valu- appl. juia, j„| ia ,
jukwaa.
able thing, — ya mtu. valuable farasi — He. rode the horse at a gallop. intr. julika. intr.-ass. julikana.
human quality.
fig.
known/recognizable/understandable.
be
JU ' ai * ^ En
^ (-) July
. . . .
158
159
kaanj
juma* (ma-) l.-week. — moja. a week. Society for the Study of Swahili. 2. al- i«vi curious, inquisitive,
impudent. Cf. juzijuzi adt see
— nzitna. the entire week. 2, (usually liance. — ya madola. commonwealth; 'jua, kijuvi, mjuvi, ma j uz i
ujuvi.
jumaa, ijumaa) Friday. 3. pr. n. masc. United Nations. Cf. jamii.
juzu* be permissible/admissible;
i»ya* ( ma .) rare fishing net (made of be suit-
able/proper, inajuzu kwenda.
Jumamosi Saturday, jungu, kungu (ma-) {augment, of chungu) coconut fiber). It is per-
large cooking pot. missible to go.
Jumanne Tuesday. juzi ( ma -) day before yesterday,

, angu
Juni* [.Engl.J (-) June. fuzuu* ma .) partj section, paragraph;
majuzi yale. for some (
time, mwaka
(vva)
chapter (of the Koran).
Jumapili Sunday. -. year before last. - |,ivi. not
jura (ma-) 1. {amplic. of chura) large frog. long ago, recently.
2. rare stupid person, fool. = mjinga,
Jumatano Wednesday. ya majivu. Ash (
Wednesday. mpumbavu, baradhuli.)
Jumatatu Monday. jurawa (— ) ornith. (species of) sparrow.
jumba (ma-) {augment, of nyumba) (large) jusin see jasiri
house, mansion, palace. — la kufanyia

majiribio. laboratory, experimental juta* regret, deplore; be ashamed/dejected.
ka consec. pan.: akaenda. (and) he went.
station. — la ukumbusho. National Cf. juto.
~kaa (-) crab.
kaa 1. be; live, stay, dwell,

juto* (ma-) {usually majuto) regret, pangs settle; wait. •
}
kaa (
ma -) {usually makaa): makaa
jumbe (ma-) village elder, headman, chief. -mjini. live in town. 2. exist; ya
of conscience, contrition, ona (fanya) continue,
>nawe. coal, makaa ya miti.
kijumbe, mjumbe, ujumbe. last, endure, remain. charcoal.
Cf. majuto. have regrets, feel pangs of con- mitungi hii imekaa
sana. These earthenware
- la moto. glowing embers, choma
science, shikwa (patwa) na — be over- .
pots have last-
makaa. burn charcoal.
math, sum ed for a long time,
jumla* 1. (— ) final result,
come by regret/pangs of conscience. i[a kaa siku nyi„
g i.
It will continue
(total), fig. — ya maneno ni. in brief
juta.
for many days. 3.
sit.
Cf. Kaaba*
- Kaaba (in Mecca).
('the result of the words is.,,'), kwa — kitako. sit down, be seated,
appl.
general, adv. together, as a kalia. intr. kalika.
in 2, all caus. kalisha.
^juto (ma-) see j i t o kaakaa, kaka (ma-)
whole. jumlisha, ujumla. settle someone, make someone anat. palate.
Cf. a resi-
dent, pass, kaliwa. nchi hii imekaliwa
juu 1. {— ) top, upper part; sky, — ya na watu. This country
jumlisha* 1. put together, count up, is settled, -kaakaa see 'kaa 4.
refl.-
nyumba, the top of the house, — yako.
pass, jumlishwa, appl. jikalia. be idle/inactive, intr.-ass.
2. math, add, plus.
You are responsible. It is your business.
jumla. kalikana. be habitable, âanga, karanga
Cf.
2, adv. up, above, panda — . go upstairs.
nyumba hizi fry, roast, bake, stew.
hazikaliki. These houses
— kwa — . at the top, uppermost, weka — are uninhabit- - nyama. roast meat,
mayai ya kuka anga.
jumu*, nujumu (— ) luck, fate, chance. able. 4. red.: kaakaa. wait a while fried eggs. caus.
overestimate, red. juujuu. 1. adv. (high) (rare) kaanza, kanza;
(before doing something),
be dilatory. usually kaanza moto. warm
up, aloft. 2, proud, arrogant. 3, shallow, at a fire,
jumuiya*, jumuia (-) society, associa- Cf. kaza (?), kikalio, kikao, makao,
1.
superficial; perplexed, kijuujuu,
warm up. Cf. kaango, kanzo, kikanza,
Cf.
tion. — ya michezo. sports/athletic makazi, I
m kaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukaango.
u juu.
association. — ya taaluma ya Kiswahili. ukazi.
"kaanga, kanga (ma-)
branch bearing fruit.
kaango 160 kabis
kabh 161
kadhe
kaango, kango (ma-) cooking pot, frying kabichi*, kabeji [Engl. (— ) cabbage, kwenda mbio -. run very fast.
A 3. abso- 2. fig. a person who conceals
lutely, definitely, his true
pan. Cf. kaanga. lettuce. lazima - aende. He motives/acts on false pretenses
(who
definitely has to go. (= kamwe, hasa, claims to need something
which he
kabidhi*, kabadhi seize; accept, receive; hasili.)
kaanza caus. of kaanga. 1. really does not need, etc.),
hypocrite,
lay hand on something. — mali. keep, deceiver, fraud. Hassan ni kabwela
kabla*, kabula -
kaanzo (ma-) see kanzo. save. 2. (in a caus. sense) hand over, 1. conj. before. hajaja usisadiki yote asemayo. Hassan is a
deliver. — fedha (mali) warithi. leave (bado). before he will come. -
2.: ya . deceiver; don't believe anything
he tells
money (property) to heirs, appl. kabidhia. prep, before, ago. _ ya siku nyingine.
kaba* 1. press, squeeze, nguo hit ina- you. Nchi yetu imepoteza
viongozi,
intr. kabidhika. caus. kabidhisha. several days ago. Cf. kabili.
mkaba. This garment is too tight for him. sasa twatawaliwa na makabwela.
Our
r- _ _ *»l n — N. 3. {— ) care, attention; guardianship. rnnntrv Kao !„„
;i fi . — I l
iuuu. uiuac, iiiiumc;.
l _ ..1 _ .
*,.
1
v ,.
I l
icis ana is
adj. economical, thrifty, frugal,
kabsa* (-) see kamsa.
hana — ya ulimi. He talks too much.
4. fig. now run by frauds and hypocrites.
greedy, avaricious; penurious, stingy,
kabula* see kabla.
miserly. Cf. mkabidhi, stakabadhi, kabwiri (-) kabwiri (kind of anchovy).
''kaba* (— ) 1. lining of kanzu. 2. collar.
takabadhi, ukabidhu.
kabuli* [ind.] (-) a dish kachala*, kachara
prepared with adj. old, worn-out; of
kabadhi* see kabidhi.
kabila* (— , ma-) tribe (a smaller division rice and curry. inferior
erior aualitv.
quality.
than taifa, but larger than ufungu, jamaa).
kabaila*, kabaili 1. (ma-) important person,
Cf. kikabila, ukabila. 2 kabuli* kach ara*
see kubali. see kachala.
person in high position or much respect-
ed. 2. hist, one born of free parents,
kabili* 1. go and stand before/face some- 3 kabuli* kachumbari* (-) [/„</.]
nobleman. Cf. kikabaila, ukabaila. (-) S ee ukubali. p i c kle(s).
one; approach; be directed toward. —
uso kwa uso. stand face to face with kada* [Engl.] (-) COTOm
kaburi* (ma-) grave, mound, . cadre#
kabaili* (— ) see kabaila. loc. maka-
someone, naut. kuikabili bahari ile. burini. burial-place, cemetery,
prov.
shape a course for that sea. appl. kabi- kadamisha*, kadimisha precede, send
kabaka* [Lug. J 1. kabaka (title of the kama hujui kufa tazatna -. Even though
lia. appl. -ass. kabiliana. go and face ahead/in advance. Cf. kadamu.
king of Buganda). 2. (humorous or you don't know what dying means,
keep
each other, have relations with each an eye out for a grave. -
ironical) one who behaves as if he were kubwa. tomb .
other, intr. kabilika. caus. kabilisha.

,
kadamnasi* adv. in public, publicly (U u

a king. mausoleum.
— mtu. introduce someone. before the people;
2. adj. cf. kadamu).
honest, upright. Cf. kabla, kibla, kaburu* lAfr.l
kabari*, kabali (— ) wedge (of wood or (ma-) (us.pl.) l.Boor(s); , , * .
mkabala. adv., rare before (= mb ele).

iron), kaza kwa — . to wedge tightly. Government of South Africa;
Africa: (m mm
(comm.) )
2. (ma-) (also mkadamu, mtakadamu,

imperialist, colonialist. 2. (in gen.)
2 kabili* wa-) rare foreman, supervisor.
kabati* [.Engl.] (— ma-) , cupboard, (-) see kabiri. European settler/farmer in Africa. Cf.
kadamisha, kadamnasi, îdamu,
cabinet,
takadamu.
kabiri*, kabili (— ) flute player. kabwela (ma-) 1. (unfair, arbitrary) use of
kabe* [Engl.] (-) elec. cable. force/power, hakimu wa

korti amenipa
kadha* adj. & adv. so and so
kabisa* adv. 1. completely, totally, mji kabwela kubwa ya nguvu kushinda mas- many,
several (an indefinite number). -
see kabichi. huu umeharibika — This city is totally taka yangu. The magistrate fined wa
kabeji* (— ) .
me -. so and so many, and many
destroyed, nyuma — . right at the end, heavily for nothing, for he has the more, and
power. so on, etcetera, miaka -
far to the rear. 2. very, extremely. wa -
kabibu* adj. narrow.
kajayeye 164 kah kalab 165
kalika
kajayeye (— ) kajayeye (kind of manioc). kakamizi adj. stubborn, obstinate, un- kalab* (-) rabies, hydrophobia. Cf. kelb. kale 1, (— ) the past, past ages, antiquity.
yielding, inflexible, uncompromising. watu wa — . ancestors, prov. mavi ya —
kajekaje (— ) naut. (thin) rope (for fasten- Cf. kakamia. kalafati*, kalfati 1. naut. caulk, appl. hayanuki. The filth of ancient times does
ing sails to the yards). kalafatia. pass, kalafatiwa. 2. (— not smell. 2, adv. earlier, formerly.
kakamka inv.-intr. of kakamia. caulking material. hapo — . long ago, once upon a time.
kajia (vi-) see kinjia. zamani za — . in ancient times, tangu —

kakamua inv. of kakamia. kalakonje (-) kalakonje (kind of wild cat). long since, long ago. — na — . a very
long time ago. Cf. kikale, mkale.

Ikaka (— ) elder brother, brother (in, gen.).
*kakara* (— ) struggle, combat, hand-to- kalala, karara (ma-) woody covering of the
hand fighting, scuffle. flower-stem of the coconut (used as kalenda* I Engl. J (— ) calendar, coll.
Cf. kikiri, fire-
'-kaka, (rare) kaha (ma-) shell (of an egg),
kukuru. wood).
— iKo mbaii. 1 here s a long time to go
rind (of fruit), husk (of grain).
until payday.
^kakara (— ) kakara (variety of vegetable). kalala (ma-): - la nyuki. honeycomb;

^kaka (ma-) dial., med. circulation.
kalfati* see kalafati.
(fig.) grill, gridwork (something resem-
kakasi (— ) see ukakasi. bling a honeycomb).
"*kaka (ma-) see kaakaa. kali adj. 1. sharp, kisu kikali. a sharp knife.
2. sharp, hot, sour, strong (of foods, etc.).

kakata feel pain, be in pain. kalambezi (— ) kalambezi (kind of mackerel).
siki ni — . The vinegar is sour, tembo —
^kaka (ma-) rare leech. (= ruba.)
strong palm-wine. 3. strong, scorching,
kakatua break, break off; tear off (with kalamka, karamka be alert/intelligent/quick-
intense, jua — . a scorching sun. 4. fig.
kakaka (— ) kakaka (variety of vegetable). the teeth), appl. kakatulia. intr. witted, inter j. — ! Watch out! Look
violent, cruel, wild, vehement, severe.
kakatuka. sharp! appl. kalamkia. outwit/get the
simba ni nyama mkali. The lion is a wild
kakakaka adv. hastily, precipitately, belter of someone, cheat, cans, kalamsha.
animal/a beast of prey, hukumu — . a
headlong, head over heels. Cf. kikaka. kakawana 1. be strong/powerful/muscular. enliven, revive, cheer up. appl. -pass.
severe verdict. 5. distressing, urgent,
2. (ma-) athlete. kulamkivva. he cheated.
swali — . sore point/subject, urgent
kakakuona (— ) kakakuona (animal resem-
matter. Cf. makali, ukali, and also
bling an armadillo; it is believed that kalamu* (-) 1. pen, penholder. 2.: - ya lisasi
ikaki* [Pers.] (-) kaki (kind of cloth).
karipia, karipio.
burning its scales will ward off wild (mate), pencil, chonga — . sharpen a
animals). pencil. — ya vvino. (fountain-)pen.
2kaki* LPers.J (— ) kaki (kind of pastry kalia appl. of kaa.
made of rice-flour and sugar).

kakamavu adj. sly, cunning, crafty, kalamzi adj. quick-witted, witty, sharp-
kalibu* (— ) 1. mold, form, matrix (for cast-
deceitful. Cf. kakamia, mkakamavu, tongued. Cf. kalamka.
kakindu (— ) kakindu (variety of plant, ing metal, concrete, etc.). 2. heating
ukakamavu.
Striga pubiflora)* pot, furnace.
kalanga (— , ma-) see karanga.
kakamia strive after something, work hard,
large mongoose. kalifu*, kilifu {usually refl. jikalifu) force/
exert/strain oneself, inv. kakamua = *kala (— )
kalasha* (— ) small elephant-tusk.
drive oneself; torment oneself. Cf. taka-
kakamia. inv.-intr. (w. intr. force).
lifu, ukalifu, utakalifu.
kakamuka, kakamka. make great exer- 2kala*, kola [Engl.l (-) collar. kalasia*, karasia L Ind. J (— ) small metal
moan. Cf. = ukosi.)
tions, take great pains; groan, ( jug-
kalika intr. of kaa.
kakamavu, kakamizi, mkakamavu, uka-
kamavu. ^kala* ( — ) rare, liter, word.
) .
kai 163 kaimu

kadhabu L62 kafini
kafiri* (ma-) Is unbeliever, non-Mosler

imepita. so and so many years have measure, calculation; amount; extent;
I.
kaharabu* [Pers.l (-) amber.
atheist. Cf. kufuru, makufuru, ukafiri.
passed. (
= vivi hivi, vivyo hivyo.) (arith.) numerator. — gani. K'hat amount?
How much? pima — . take a measurement. kahawa* (-) coffee. — ya tangawizi. a

kaftani* (-) caftan (outer garment of
kadhabu*, kedhabu ( — ) rare liar. — ya miaka kumi. in the course of ten ginger beverage. C f. kahawia, mkahawa.
Arabs).
(
= mwongo,) Cf. kadhibisha. years. 3. (also — ya) adv. & conj. to
the extent that, in accordance with; kahawia* adj. coffee-colored. Cf. kahawa.
kafu see kavu.
kadhalika*, dhalika, bidhalika adv. like- about, on the average. — upendavyo. as
wise, similarly; at the same time; again, much as you please, lipa (toa) — ya kahini*, kuhani (ma-) 1. Bibl. priest,
kafua rare thresh (grain). (= pura, piga.!
— shilingi ishirini. pay on the average 20 prophet. 2. rare: soothsayer.
na {abbrr.: n k). and so forth, etc.
shillings. Cf. kadirifu, makadirio,
kafnri* (_) rflmnhor.
kadhi*, kadi (ma-) rare judge. (- hakimu, ukadirifu. ânuiii* v — / iure law. Cf. kahini.
mwamuzi.)
kadirifu* adj., rare moderate, temperate; *kaga dial, protect, ward o.ff evil (by kai* ?
L. J 1. hand over, deliver, surrender.
magic). - sh-amba. protect a field by = angukia,

kadhia* ( — ) rare matter, affair; occur- abstemious, continent; careful, anxious. ( miguuni, shika miguu.)
l
Cf. kadiri, ukadirifu. magic. Cf. kago, ukago. 2. rare be timid.

rence, event.
kadhibisha* deny, reject, refute. Cf. kadirio* (ma-) see makadirio. kaga ( — ) med. swelling, tumor. ^kaida* (-) see kawaida.
kadhabu.
kadogo 1. adj. (dial. emph. of kidogo) ex- kaida* Kaida
kago 1. protect someone or something by (the second month after
tremely small, tiny; (fig.) insignificant.
kadi* (ma-) see kadhi. magic. 2. (-) (Hal.) protective magic. Ramadhan).
2. adv. to a very slight extent.
— la simba. charm against lions. Cf.
kaga, ukago. kaidi* 1. be intractable/obstinate /dis-
^kadi* LEngl.J ( — ) 1. card. — ya kuta-
kafala* (— ) rare security, bail.
obedient; contradict; offer resistance.
mbulisho. identification card. 2. invita-
appl. kaidia. caus. kaidisha. incite
tion. 2 kago*
kafara* (ma-) 1. animal sacrifice, expiatory [Engl.^ (-) naut. 1. cargo.
someone to disobedience; dare some-
offering; atonement, penalty, toa (fanya) 2. dock.
one to contradict. 2. adj. intractable,
kadimisha* see kadamisha. — make
. a sacrifice, rare: chinja — disobedient, obstinate, mtoto mkaidi.
slaughter a sacrificial animal. 2. amulet, kagua inspect, superintend; examine,
disobedient child. Cf. mkaidi, ukaidi.
kadinali*, kardinali [.Engl. J (ma-) 1. re I.
check. — skuli. inspect a school. —
charm.
cardinal. 2. math, cardinal (number). askari. review troops. — hesabu. check kaimia* force oneself to do something.
namba ya kikadinali. cardinal number. kaffi (ma-) see kafi. accounts, appl. kagulia. intr. kaguka.
appl. -caus. kagulika. C f. mkagua,
ikaimu* (ma-) 1. representative, substi-
kadiri* 1. reckon, calculate, estimate, kafi, kaffi (ma-) naut. paddle, oar. piga mkaguo, mkaguzi, ukaguzi.
assess. — kiasi. estimate/establish
tute, deputy. — wa president, vice-
— . to paddle, row.
judge, president. 2. manager, agent, legal
the value of something, fig. kaha (ma-) rare pod, shell. — la ye
appraise, consider, form an opinion of
9 adviser, kuwa — wa shughuli. act as
ka f ila * (_) rare carav a n . (= safari, eggshell. (= "kaka.)
legal adviser in a matter. makamu,
something. — maneno. weigh words. msafara.)
Cf.
some- ukaimu.
appl. kadiria. appraise/consider kahaba* (ma-) (and mkahaba, wa-) prosti
thing, intr. kadirika. be limited/ kafini* rare cover, wrap. - (kwa) sanda. tute. Cf. ukahaba.
leasurable. caus. kadirisha. 2. (— kaimu* (ma-) exorcist, necromancer.
vrap (a corpse) in a shroud.
. .
kalika 166 kamba kamba 167 kar
kalikana intr.-ass. of *kaa. thing from him), fig. extort, demand in-
wa — ya siasa. political wire-pulling. kamia appl. of kama.
sistently, threaten, appl. -ass. kamiana.
Cf. ukambaa.
kalima* (— ) arch. word. Cf. mkalimani, intr. kamika. caus. kamisha, kamiza.
kamili* 1. end, complete, perfect, appl.
mkalimu. ukalimani. inv. kamua. press (out), squeeze, crush.
kamilia. intr. kamilika. be whole/com-
kamba (-), mkamba (mi-) lobster, crayfish,
kamua maluta. extract oil. kamua maziwa.
plete/perfect. caus. kamilisha. 2. {also
milk, kamua nguo. wring out clothes.
crab, shrimp, meno ya — . crab's claws.
kalipia see karipia.
kamilifu) adj. complete, perfect, whole,
inv. -appl. kamulia. inv.-intr. kamulika. — wapwani (bahari). land (sea) crab.
intact. Cf. lakamali, ukamilifu.
inv.-caus. kamulisha. inv.-pass. kamu- — mdogo. shrimp, prawn.
kalisha caus. of kaa.
livva. Cf. kamio, kikamulio, ukamio.
kamilifu* see kamili 2.
kaliwa pass, of kaa. ''kamba (ma-): — ya asali. honeycomb.
1,
kamio (ma-) {usually makamio) rare
kalme* (— ) see galme. kambaa* (ma-) 1, rope (braided with strips
1, threat, demand. 2. reproach, repri-
2 kamani*
1
of leaves). 2. whip. (~ ukambaa.) Cf.

LPers.A (-) watch spring, mand; criticism. Cf. -kama.
'kamba.
kaltiveta* v. Engl. J (— ) agric. cultivator. mainspring.
kambare (— ma-) (kind, of) catfish, barbel,
kamisheni* LEngl.A (— ) see komisheni.
kalua* \_lnd.? A (ma-) Kalua (name of a sect any mudfish.
kamari* (— ) game of chance (in gen.:
of Indian fishermen), game played for money), cheza — . play

kamiti* (— ) see komiti.
kambi* U'.ngl.A (— ) 1. camp, camping-place.
for money, gamble.
piga (panga) — , pitch camp, vunja —
kama* {rare kana) con}. & adv. 1. if.
kamo (— ) arch, sieve. (
= chekecheke,
mucus break camp. 2. recent, pol. camp, bloc,
— ukitaka. if you wish. — ningemwambia kamasi (ma-) {usually makamasi) 1.
chungio.)
discharge from the nose, futa — blow — ya (ki)soshialisti. socialist camp/bloc.
angefanya. If I told him, he would do it. .
2. as, like; about, approximately, lia — one's nose, vqta -. breathe heavily,
kainpuni*, kumpuni (rare kompania) L Engl. A
head, sniffles.
kambo (— ) relationship bv remarriage, step-
mtoto. scream like a child. — upendavyo. pant. 2. cold in the
(—, ma-) 1, (business) company, firm.
siwezi — have a cold in the head, relationship, mtoto vva — . stepchild,
as you like. — hivi. like this; for example. . I
— ya biashara. business company. — ya
toa (penga) — blow one's nose. baba (mama) wa — . stepfather (stepmother).
— maji. watery, fluid. — nini (rare ka- .
kuchimba barabara. street railway com-
like what).
kikambo. adj. & adv. typical of a step-
mani). extraordinarily (lit.: pany, 2. mil. company.
kamata seize, grasp; catch, detain. parent, in the way a stepparent typically
anakimbia — nini. He ran extraordinarily- 1.
— kwamtego. catch in a trap. — mwizi. behaves.

fast. — shilingi kumi. about ten shillings. kamsa*, kabsa (— ) 1. alarm, danger signal.
kamatia.
dhahabu — catch a thief, appl. intr.
3. than (in comparisons), bora piga — . sound an alarm. 2. mil. rev-
kamatika. be seizable/tangible, palp- kambuka 1. drv up, wither. 2. fig. lose
ledha. do Id is more valuable than silver. eille.
hewa haikamatiki. Air is not palp- strength, become weak,
4. [also ya — ) that (conj.). tumeona — able,
able. 2. sing, influenza, pneumonia,

aliondoka. We have seen that he went kamua inv. of ^kama.
kambusi (— ) see 'gambusi, gambusi.
away. 5. whether, walimwambia (kama)
aje. They called to him (and asked) Ikamba* (-) rope, cord, twine, string. kamus* (-) see kamusi.
kame adj. desolate, waste, empty, unculti-
whether he was coming, kama ... kama. — ya nazi. rope made of coconut fibers.
vated, uninhabited. Cf. ukame.
whether ... or. — ya ulayiti. rope of European manu- kamusi*, kamus (-) 1. dictionary, glos-
facture, funga (piga) -. tie/lace up. sary. 2. encyclopedia.

kamera* {.Engl. A (— ) camera, kazi ya —
2kama press, press out; milk. appl. kamia. suka (sokota) -. make rope, sport:
photography.
squeeze someone dry (i.e., extort some- mvutano vva -. tug-of-war. fig.: mvutano
.
kamv 168 kanga 169

kanga kanyaga
o
kamwe adv. (at the end of neg. sentences) kandamiza stat.-int. of kanda.
kanga (-) cotton cloth (with designs in kanju* Llnd. J (ma-) fruit of the cashew tree
not at all, by no means, absolutely not,
several colors) worn by women. Cf. mkanju.
never, sitaki — . I definitely do not want kandanda (— ) rare 1. football game.
that. 2. football.
3 kanga (ma-) see kaanga. *kano (ma-) augment, of mkano.
kandarinya*, kanderinya \_Port. J (— ) arch.

*kana deny, reject, repudiate, refuse to re-
= birika, buli.) kang'a see kanganya. kano, karo (ma-) rare 1. refusal, denial,
teakettle. (
cognize. — deni. repudiate a debt. — ra-
disavowal. 2. sudden fit of anger.
fiki. disown a friend, appl. kania.
kangaga (ma-) 1. (species of) reed, flag. *kana.
*kande (— ) 1. dial, supply of food, pro- Cf.
appl.-refl. jikania. justify oneself, caus.
2. (species of) fern.
visions. 2. rare industry.
kanya. reprove, censure; refuse, inv.-
kanseli* L Germ. Kanzlei?J (— ) chancery
caus. kanusha. dare someone to disagree;
Ikangaja (ma-) kangaja (small mandarin (of an embassy), consulate.
fin an int. sense) deny, refute. Cf. ^kano, ^kande (— ) kande (a special dish prepared
orange). Cf. mkangaja.
mkana, mkanya, mkanyo. for New Year's Day LNairuzij in which
kantara* (— ) rare bridge. (
= daraja.)
seven kinds of grain are included).
2 kangaja
(-) kangaja (kind of fish).
^kana*, gana [.Port.? J (— ma-)
, naut. tiller.
kantini* LEngl.j (— ) canteen, bar.
kanderinya* (-) see kandarinya.
^kangaja (— ) kangaja (variety of tall grass
3k ana" see !ka kanu (ma-) 1. wild cat. 2. marten, weasel.
kandika intr. of ''kanda. growing usually in stagnant water).
Kanani* Palestine. kanuni* (— ) rule, regulation, precept; (es-

kandiko (ma-) rare clay coating (on the kanganya, kang'a confuse, surprise; intrigue.
sential) condition, principle; theory.
walls of a house). Cf. '-"kanda.
kanchiri* (— ) cloth worn by women to sup- — za barabarani. traffic regulations,
kangara (— ) beer made from corn-husks and
port the breasts, (recent) brassiere
(ma-) lantern, lamp.
majeshi ya — . regular army /troops.
kandili*
= sidiria.) sweetened with honey.
( — tano za kuishi pamoja kwa amani. the
side, corner, five principles of peaceful coexistence,

kando 1. (-) (also ukando)
kang'ata 1. feel pain. 2. (— ) rheumatic
*kanda (— ma-) {also kikandi, vi-) grain- — bank of a river. — hana — ya kuja. He doesn't come as a
,
edge. ya mto.
pains.
sack (made of matting). on all sides. 2. {also — ya) adv. rule, sina — . I am not certain. — ya
zote.
sheria. lawbook, —a — . unalterable,
sideways, along, aside; by, next to.
kango (ma-) see kaango.
— irrevocable, necessary.
^kanda pi. of ukanda. simama — . stand aside. ya nyumba.
at the side of the house, red. kando-
kani* (— ) 1. strength, energy, penda kwa —
kandokando ya): — ya mto. kanusha inv.-caus. of kana.
kando {or
^kanda knead, press. — unga (udongo) to love passionately. 2. vexation, anger.
along the river.
knead dough (clay), fig. massage. — kanwa (vi-) see kinywa.
mwili. massage the body. appZ. kandia. kaniki* (— ) 1.0 dark blue) cotton cloth.
kandokando see kando.
intr. kandika, usually used transitively: 2. kaniki (article of women's clothing).
kanya caus. of *kana.
plaster a bouse with clay, stat.-int. ka-
^kanga (— ) ornith. (common) guinea fowl kanisa* (— ma-) (Christian) church,
ndamiza. impress, compress, exert pres- , 1.
kanyaga 1. step/tread/stamp on, trample
sure; oppress, stat. -caus. kandamisha. (Numida mitrata). chapel. 2. rare mosque. down, Cf. kanyagio. 2. copulate (of
Cf. kandiko, mkandaji, mkandamizo, a male bird).
kanji (— ) starch, starch-flour. = ^wanga.)
^mkando, ukandamizwaji. (
<anyagio karabu 171
karadha Kariakoo
kanyagio (ma-) (bicycle) pedal. Cf. kanyaga. kapilari* LEngl.j (— ) 1. p/iy. capillary
karadha* (-) loan, credit (without interest). 2.: — mwitu. a perennial herb (Desmodium
action. 2. anat. capillary (vessel).
omba — . raise a loan, pa — . give a loan. adscendens).
kanyo (ma-) see mkanyo.
Cf. karidlii.
kapile (— ) any kind of cooked food sold in
kanza cans, of kaanga. the market. ^karanga see ^kaanga.

karafuu*, karofuu, garat'uu (-) clove(s).
Cf. mkarafuu.
kanzi* (— ) (hidden) treasure, valuable. kapteni*, kepteni \_Engl. J (ma-) naut. & karangosi*, karagosi iTurk.J (— ) puppet.
sport captain. — wa manowari. captain
karagosi* (— ) see karangosi.
kanzo, kaanzo (ma-) heating, warming (up). of a warship. karani*, kerani (ma-) clerk, secretary,
= akiba, hazina, dafina.) office-worker, bookkeeper. = katibu,

( Cf. kaanga. karnha*; iWirahi
(
(-) aversion, dictastc, anti-
kaptura (— ) see kaputula. mwandishi.) — vva kodi. tax-official.
pathy, abhorrence, rejection, disfavor.
kanzu* (— ) kanzu (long, white outer garment, Cf. ukarani.
Cf. kirahi, kirihi, makuruhi.
the old traditional costume of Swahili men). kapu (ma-) augment, of kikapu.
— ya mfuto. simple kanzu. — ya darizi. karantini* l Engl. J (— ) med. quarantine.
karai (ma-) 1. (metal) washbasin. 2. cook-
embroidered kanzu. kapungu (-) kapungu (1. kind of eagle.
ing pot. — la kukaanga. frying pan.
2. variety of shark). karara (ma-) see ikalala.
ksi<> (ma-) (usually makao) dwelling, resi-

karakana*, karkana LPers.] (-) workshop,
dence. Cf. kaa. kaputa (-) kaputa (kind of dance performed karasa (— ) mongoose, ichneumon (Herpestes
factory.
in exorcising spirits). ichneumon).
^kapa (— ) sleeveless shirt. Cf. kwapa? karakoli*, karakoni (— ) see korokoroni.

kaputi* [Germ.? J adj.: nusu -. stunned, karasia* (— ) see kalasia.
stupefied.
^kapa adv.: enda — . lose fin a card-game), karama* (— ) 1. honor, respect, esteem,
karata* l Port. J (— ) playing card, gawa —
coll. amekvvenda — . He owns nothing. favor, ana — . He enjoys respect. 2. worth,
(—)( short)
deal cards, cheza— . play cards.
^kaputula, kaptura, kapatula
value, importance, weight, maneno yake
kapani* LPers. (-) (kind of) scales, trousers, shorts.
j yana karama. His words have importance/ karatasi*, kartasi (— ) paper, list, kipande
balance. carry weight. Cf. ^kirimu, karimu.
cha — . a piece of paper. — ya kukaushia
2 kaputula, kapatula (-) med. grippe,
wino. blotting paper. — ya kunakilisha.
kapatula (— ) see ^kapulula, ^kaputula. influenza.
^karama* see karimu. tracing paper, carbon paper. — ya shashi.
tissue paper. Cf. kikaratasi.
kapela, kapera (ma-) unmarried man. splinter, shaving.
ikara* (ma-) karamka see kalamka.
= mvulana, mseja.)
(
kardinali* (ma-) see kadinali.
2 kara* (ma-) Isl. reading from the Koran. karamu* (— ) party, festival, festivity, cele-
kapera (ma-) see kapela.
bration; feast, banquet. I'anya — . give a karela* Llnd.J (— ) karela (an annual plant,
karabai* (— ) 1. lamp (burning gasoline, feast, enda karamuni. go to a festival, Momordica morgos e / charantia).
Ikapi (ma-) chaff, husks, makapi ya mpunga. electric light bulb. — ya kiserikali, state banquet,
kerosine). 2. recent Cf. ki-
rice husks. rimu, karimu. karema be sterile/barren.
karabu* see karibu.
^kapi (-, ma-) pulley. *karanga, kalanga (— ma-)

, 1. peanut, Kariakoo* \_Port.j Kariakoo (center of Dar es
groundnut (usually when roasted). Salaam).
.
kasabu 173
172
karibia
kasabu* (-) cloth of gold, brocade.

karibia*, kurubia come closer, approach; be karipia, kalipia scold/reproach/reprimand kasi (-, ma-) calabash (for storing milk or
near. ass. karibiana. meet. caus. kari- someone; be vexed with/angry at someone. palm-wine).
bisha. bring closer, approximate; invite, pass, karipiwa. Cf. kali. kasama* (-) see 'mkasama.
make welcome, karibisha chakula. offer
kasia (ma-) naut. oar. piga (vuta) ma-
food, karibisha kiti. invite someone to sit karipio (ma-) scolding, rebuke, reprimand. kasama* (_) kasama (an oath). kasia. row. — la nyuma. steering-oar,
down. pass, karibiwa. Cf. karibisho, Cf. kali, karipia.
rudder.
karibu, mkaribishaji. kasarobo* see 2
kasa.
kariri* say again, repeat; recite. appl.
kasia (ma-) kasia (species of antelope,
karibisho* (ma-) welcome. Cf. karibia. kariria. caus. karirisha. pass, kaririwa. kasha* [Port.l ma -) box,
( chest, case.
oribi).
Cf. WiWariri. _ —
lo r„JU„
.^ u ..„.
_.
onunguux, sale,i
karibu* {rare karabu) 1. (— ) (close) rela-

kasiba* (-) pipe, tube. - ya bunduki. mil.
tive, watu hawa ni ndugu zangu wa — karkana* {.Pers.1 {-) see karakana. kashabi* [Pers.l rare crush, squeeze out,
rifle-barrel, fig. mdomo kama -. small,
These people are my close relatives. press (sugarcane).
round mouth (evidence of female beauty).
2. also — ya LnaJ) adv. near, in the karne*, karini, karni (— ) century. — ya sasa.
vicinity. — yangu. near me. tunakaa — ya the present century, modern times. kashabu* (-) 1. wooden rod (on a loom).
kasida* (-) see kusudi 2.
(na) mji huu. We live near the city. 2. hollow bead (of gold, silver, or glass).
3.: hivi — (karibuni). recently, not long karni* (— ) see karne.
kasidi* see kusudi.
ago; soon. 4. karibu! interj. (plur. kashata* (-) kashata (a confection made of
karibuni!) Come in! Welcome! fin response Ikaro* (— ) pay, remuneration, fee (usually burnt sugar and grated coconut).
kasikasi red. (int.) of *kasi.
to the query Hodi?). karibu kitini! Please in kind); recompense, reward.
be seated, Cf. karibia. kashida* (-) shawl, scarf, neckerchief.
kasiki* (ma-) 1. robe, gown (of a clergy-
2 karo* (— ) see ^kano.
rare lend (money). kashifa* man). 2. rel. chalice, communion-cup.
karidhi*, kiridhi 1. (-) 1. unveiling, exposure. 2. slan-
2. borrow (money), appl. karidhia. pass. der, libel; false statements about a
karofuu* (-) see karafuu. person,
karidhiwa. Cf. karadha. or secret facts the revelation of
which kasiki* (— ma-) large earthenware jug
,
is
injurious to him. (= aibisha, chongea, (for storing water).

karoti* [£reg/.] (-) carrot.
karii* (ma-) (recognized) expert/authority on singizia). Cf. kashifu, ukashifu.
poetry /literature, literary critic, alitoa kasimile* (— ) coconut oil.
kartasi* (-) see karatasi.
vyeti na tuzo kwa washindi wa mashairi, kashifu* unveil, reveal, expose; slander, of-
naye akiwa — wa washairi. He awarded fend, insult; throw suspicion on someone. kasimu* rare divide (up). (= gawa, gawa-
ikasa*, kassa [Pers.?] (-) kassa (sea-
the prizes to the winners of the poetry appl. kashifia. intr. kashifika. pass. nya.) Cf. mkasama.
tortoise),
contest, for he is an authority on poetry. kashifiwa. Cf. kashifa.
kasirani* (— ) anger, annoyance, vexation.
2 kasa* adv. less (than), shorter (than). x
karimu*, kerimu, kirimu, karama adj. gener- kasi* Cf. kasiri.
(— ) 1. intensity, energy, exertion, ef-
saa sita- robo. 11:45 o'clock {lit.: sixth
ous, magnanimous; hospitable. Cf. ki- fort. 2. hurry, haste, speed, tia (piga) -.
hour less a quarter).
rimu, mkarimu, ukarimu. make an effort, exert oneself. kasiri* {usually caus. kasirisha)
3. adv. irritate,
quickly, speedily; energetically, vigorously. vex, annoy; make angry, infuriate, appl.
karini* (-) see karne. 'kasa see kaza. enda (kwa) -. run very kasiria.
fast. red. (int.). intr. kasirika. be annoyed/irri-
kasikasi. adj. distorted. tated/angry, intr.-appl. kasirikia. be
annoyed with/angry at someone, pass.
kasiriwa. Cf. kasirani.
. .
kas 174 kataa

kata; katu
^kasiri* (— ) rare end. (- mwisho, hatima.) up; reduce, abbreviate; {math.) subtract. -kataa*, kata (-, ma-) part, section, division. katiba* (-) text, piece of writing, document:
4. buy, purchase, order, fig. — njia. - ya nchi. district. - ya nyumha. roonlc decree; decision, declaration; (pol.) con-
kasirisha* caus. of kasiri.
shorten/block a road. — mshahara. re- - la kitabu. section/chapter of a book; stitution. Cf. kitabu.
duce/cut wages. — kiu (njaa). appease page. Cf.
J
kata.
kasisi* (ma-) priest. (= padre.) ukasisi.

thirst (hunger), — shauri. decide, con- katibu* write, appl.
Cf. 1. kalibia. appl. -ass.
clude. — hukutnu (maneno). make a de- katabahu* at. the end of letters, preceding the katibiana. correspond (with each other),
kaskazi* (— ) north wind, northeasterly
cision. — tamaa. lose hope. — shauri. signature (lit. 'he wrote it'). Cf. kitabu, make a settlement/contract/treaty.
1. 2. (ma-
frustrate a plan. red. (int.). katakata. katibu.
wind. 2. north, kaskazini. in a northerly writer, clerk, secretary. — mwenezi. sec-
cut into small pieces, appl. katia. appl.-
direction. 3. time of the northeast mon- retary for propaganda. Cf. kitabu, uka-
ass. katiana. settle accounts (with each katadole (-) ornith. grosbeak weaver
soon hot spasnn of thp vpar (TWprriKpT- tibu.
= yombiyombi).
other), strike a balance, intr. katika. (
March).
ukuni huu haukatiki. This wood cannot be
katika prep, in, at, with, from, to, on; dur-
cut. caus. katiza. 1. interrupt, katiza katakata red. (int.) of *kata.
kasoro* 1. (— ) fault, defect, gari hii ina — ing; concerning, ingia — mji. go to/into
maneno. interrupt a conversation, break
This car has something wrong with it. a city, toka — nchi. come from a country.
in. 2. do away with, end. Cf. ^kataa, katani* (-) sisal, hemp (the fiber). Cf.
2. adv. less, except, but. nimepata vitabu panda — mlima. climb (up) a mountain.
vyote — vitabu vitatu. have received kato, mkata, mkataji, mkate, mkato, mka- mkatani.
I all — kuenda. while going. — wakati wote.
tizo, ukata.
the books but three. Cf. kasa. during the whole time. — habari zile.
katao* (ma-) rare refusal, rejection, denial.
concerning those reports.
Cf. kalaa.
kasri* (— ) palace. ^kata (— ma-) dipper, ladle (made of a
,
coconut shell or of wood).

-katika intr. of 'kata.
katara (— ) 1. old/dilapidated vehicle.
kassa* (— ) see kasa.
2. coll. motor bus.
^kata (— , ma-) pad (made of grass) serving katikati see kali.
kassi* (— ) twined thread, tia (piga) — as a rest for loads carried on the head.
katavu* adj., rare stubborn, argumentative.
twist, twine.
katili* 1. (ma-) murderer. 2. adj. murder-
Cf. kataa, mkatavu.
^kata* (— ma-) , see 2k ataa# ous; (fig.) bloodthirsty, cruel. Cf. mka-
kastabini*, kustabini, kustabani, kustubani
tili, ukatili.
kataza* {caus. of kataa.) forbid, prohibit;
(-) thimble.
Ikataa* 1. refuse, decline, reject (some- prevent. katazo.
Cf.
katiti 1. adj. very small, tiny. 2. adv.
thing); refuse to do something, appl.
kasuku (-) parrot. (= dura.)
very little, not much.
katalia. nimemkatalia. I have refused katazo* (ma-) {usually makatazo) 1. pro-
him/turned him down. intr. katalika.
kasumba* Llnd.J {—) opium. (= afyuni.) hibition. 2. refusal, denial. 3. embargo.
katiza caus. of kala.
pass, kataliwa. caus. kataza. forbid,
Cf. kataa, kataza.
kaswende (— ) med. syphilis. prohibit; prevent, kataza watu wasiende.

kato* (ma-) section, fragment. Cf. kata.
forbid the people to go. 2. adj. final, kati, katikati 1. (— ) middle, center. — ya
— kwa cut with a definitive, neno hili — . This is the final
mahali. in the middle of the place,
Ikata* 1. cut (off). kisu. wa-
katoliki* I Engl, j adj. Catholic, kanisa
word. Cf. katao, katavu, katazo, makataa, —
knife. — nguo. cut out a garment. 2. chop, kati vva . interval, interim, interregnum.
(ya) — Catholic church.
. Cf. kikatoliki.
mkataa, mkatavu, ukatavu, ukatazaji. 2. {also — ya) adv. & prep, in the middle/
fell. — mti. chop down/fell a tree.
— kuni. chop firewood. 3. cut up, divide midst of, between, weka — . put/place in
*katu* Llnd.} {—) katu (gum for chewing
middle. 3.: -a — . central, komiti ya
with betel).
kati. central committee.
katu 176 kawadia kav 177 kefyakefya
kawaida*, kaida (-) 1. rule, habit, regula- — ya kibaharia.

^katu* inter j. no! (emph.) ^kausha (wa-), kikausha ( vi-) one who service in the navy.
brings bad luck, ill-omened person. Cf.

tion; custom, usage; system, form, scheme. mfanya — . worker, fanya — . to work.
katua clean, polish, shine up. — fedha. kauka.

2. norm, standard, mambo ya — . an ordi- shika — . go to work. loc. kazini. at
nary, everyday matter, fuata-. follow/ work. 2. business, affairs. — ya bahari.

polish silver, appl. katulia. intr. katuka.
kauta (— ) dust, grit. comply with a rule/custom, —a — kwa—. naval affairs. 3. product of (skilled)
Cf. kwatua. ,
regular, ordinary, usual, kamiti ya — work, art, decoration, kanzu ya — deco-

standing committee. Cf. kiada. rated (embroidered) kanzu. 4. duty, obli-
kauka become dry, dry up. nchi imekauka. *-kavu, kafu adj. 1. dry, dried up. kuni —
The ground is dried up. sauti imem-
gation. 5. specialty. Cf. kaza (?).
fig. dry firewood, mto mkavu. a dried-up
kawe (vi-) see kiwe.
kauka. He is hoarse (lit.: his voice has stream. 2. fig. sarcastic; deceitful,
dried <i"). (i". coll. r.imckaska I am cunning; impudent, insolent, nuu mkavu
karo 'nia-^ see mka
kawia see kawa.
broke. I have no money, caus. kausha. wa macho, a deceitful, insolent person.
dry something, wamekausha matunda. They kazoakazoa (— ) term of abuse (scavenger?
Cf. kauka, kikavu, mkavu, ukavu.
kawili (— , ma-) see ^kawa. Cf. zoa).
have been drying fruit. Cf. ^kausha, * kavu,
kikausho, kikavu, mkavu, ukavu.

^kavu* L Engl. J (— ) curve. ( = mstari
*kaya (ma-) kaya (kind of shellfish). ke adj. female, feminine. Cf. jike, kike,
uliopinda.) — kuelekea kulia. curve to
kuke, mke, mwanamke, uke.
kaule* Vlnd. J sing, china, porcelain, im-
the right.
ported earthenware, sahani za — . fim- kaya* LZii.PJ (-) town, village.
kebe (ma-) see mkebe.
ported) crockery. Cf. kauri.
kawa, kawili (— ma-) , a plaited cover or
tulingano
kaya pi. of ukaya.
lid (for covering foods), prov. kebehi* insult, abuse, offend, injure.
kauleni* (ma-) deceitful/untrustworthy person.
sawasawa kama sahani na— . We want to
kayamba (— ) rattle.
be like dish and lid (j'.e., live in harmony kecha (— ) jealousy, envy.
kauli* (— ) 1, expression, voice, kwa —
with each other).
moja. unanimous. 2. advice; prescription, kayaya (— ) rare trouble, difficulty.
kedhabu* (— ) see kadhabu.
regulation; report. = matata.)
(
kawa (— ) mold, mildew, blight.
kefiakefia see kefyakefya.

kaumu* (— ) 1. crowd, mass. — ya watu. a kaza, kasa (caus. of *kaa?) ] . fasten
gathering of people. 2. representative, ^kawa {and appl. kawia) be delayed, tarry, tighten, make hold tight. —
fast, kamba.
linger, be late, be in arrears, appl.-caus. kefu!* (also kefule, sefule) interjection
delegate. fasten, pull tight a rope/cord. — sukurubu.
kawilisha. keep back, hold up, delay. exert pressure. 2. exert oneself, intensify of surprise/disgust/indignation. 1. Shame!
kaumwa (ma-) kaumwa (root of the mkaumwa caus. kawisha. put off, postpone, ad- one's efforts. — (mwendo) You scoundrel! 2. It is not worth men-
mbio. move
tree, serving as a medicine for dysentery). journ. Cf. ukawiaji. tioning.
faster, run. fig. persist, insist on. appl.
kazia macho, fix the eyes on something.
kauri*, kaure Llnd.J (— ) cowrie shell. kawadi*, kuwadi (— ) procurer, pimp. ass. kazana. hold together. kefu* see kifu.
Cf. kikaza,
vyombo vya — . porcelain, china. Cf. Cf. kawadia, mkuwadi. kikazo, mkazo.
kaule. kefule!* inter j. see *kefu.
kawadia* procure, pander. Cf. kawadi. kazi (— ) 1. work, employment, occupation;
^kausha caus. of kauka. (military) service. — ya kulima. agricul- kefyakefya, kefiakefia torment, annoy, vex,
tural work. — ya hiari. voluntary work. tease; nag; discourage, depress (- sum-
bua, tesa, chokoza, udhi.)

. . .
kejekeje 178 kengeua

kens 179 kete
kejekeje adj., rare loose, slack. (- pwaya, ^kema take peel (fruits). kengewa
off, (-) ornith. African kite. (= mwevve.) 2 kereng .
_
ende ( } d nfly .
legea.)
kerne (— ) call, shout. Cf. kemea. kengeza squint.

1. 2. (ma-) cross-eyed kereza, keleza 1. saw, file, rasp, abrade,
kejeli* deride, mock, make fun of someone;
condition, convergence. m u i mwenye make- grind, fig. — meno. grind the teeth.
slander, malign. kemea scold, reprimand (someone). ngeza. a squinting/cross-eyed person. 2. turn (on a lathe). Cf. kerezo, mkereza.
Cf. *kema, kerne, kemeo, ukemi. 3. adj. squinting/cross-eyed. mac ho ma-
kekee (— ) drill, auger, brace and bit. kengeza. squinting eyes. makengeza. kerezo
Cf. (ma-) lathe. Cf. kereza.
kemeo (ma-) rare rebuke, reprimand; warn-
= kikuku, ing, threat. Cf. kemea. 2ken geza

kekee (— ) broad silver bracelet. (
caus. of kenga. kerimu* see karimu, kirimu.
bangiti, urembo.,1
Ikenda num. (arch., dial.) nine, —a — ken>ekenye adv. completely, absolutely, kcro (ma-) unrest, disturbance; annoyance,
ninth.
= tisa.) teasing.
keketa cut (by sawing back and forth, as with ( unconditionally. Cf. kera.
a dull knife). — meno. grit/grind one's
mkeketo. see ka and enda. kenyo (— ) rare excuse, evasion. (= da- kerosini* LEngl. J (— ) rare kerosine,
teeth. Cf. ^kenda (< ka-enda)
nganyo. zuzuio.) lamp oil.
kekevu, chechevu (— ) hiccup(s). fanya — kende (ma-) anat. scrotum, (pi.) testicles.
have the hiccups. Kepi* lEngl.l sing. Cape (of Good Hope). kesha 1. be awake, not sleep, have insom-
kenga deceive, dupe, cheat, hoax, bam-

nia, nimekesha usiku kucha nikisoma.
LEngl.l (-) cake, pastry. kengeka. kepteni* lEngl.2 (ma-) see kapteni.
I spent the whole night reading, appl.
keki* boozle, appl. kengea. intr.
keshea. stay up with, watch over.
caus. kengeza.
(— ) rare dog. = mbwa.) kalab. kera torment, bother, tease, worry. kero,
keshea na mgonjwa. stay up with a sick
kelb* ( Cf. Cf.
(— ) monitor lizard mkero. person, caus. keshesha, kesheza.

kenge, mburukenge
(also ukelele, -, ma-) noise, 2. (ma-) insomnia; night-watch, vigil.
kelele (ma-) (Varanus niloticus).
shouting, tumult, uproar, piga — . be kerani* (ma-) see karani. Cf. kesho, mkesha.
noisy, shout, scream, nena kwa — . inter- kengee (-) [also ukengee) 1. blade (of a
ray of kesho 1. (-) the next day. 2. adv. to-
rupt, interject, inter), kelele! Quiet! knife or sword), spearhead. 2. kereketa scratch, cause irritation, prickle,
sema kwa -. talk loudly. sunbeam. - za jua. sunrise. morrow. — kutwa, day after tomorrow.
the sun, cause a rough feeling (in the throat), fig.
Cf. kesha.
irritate, vex, anger, habari hii inani-
keleli see keti. kengele (-, ma-) bell, piga (gonga) -. kereketa sana This report made me very
kesi* [.Engl. J (-) case (at law). - ya
ring (a bell). angry, appl, kereketea.
jinai. criminal case.
keleza see kereza.
kengemeke rare rebuke, reprimand; accuse.

^kereketa (-) rancid oil.
keta rare knock someone down, injure
kem* adv. how much? how many? what (= suta, laumu, shutumu, shtaki.)
someone.
amount?
koremkerem (-) ornith. keremkcrem (kind
kengeua deviate, diverge, turn aside/ off.
of bird, Merops),
— depart from/turn off a path/road. kete (— ) 1. small cowrie shell. 2. a game
shout, roar, yell, scream, appl. njia.
^kerna dial,
intr. kengeuka. caus. kengeusha. pass. played with these shells, meno kama —
kemea. scold, caus. kemesha, kemeza.
kereng'ende (-) ornith. (kind of) partridge, teeth like cowrie shells (a high compli-
kengeuliwa. Cf. ukengef'u.
francolin. ment).
.
180 kiango kiane 181

keti kibanda
Kiajemi* 1. sing. Persian language. 2. adv. kiangu (vi-) kiangu (kind of fish).
keti {rare keleti) sit down. — kitini. sit kiatu (vi-) sandal, shoe. - cha ngozi.
— Please be in the Persian manner. Cf. Mwajemi,
down in a chair, tafadhali . leather shoe. - chepesi. slipper, mshona
Uajemi. kiangushio (vi-) parachute. angua.
seated. oppZ. ketia. caus. ketisha. Cf. (mshoni wa) -. shoemaker. Cf. Ikwata,
keep someone from leaving; preserve, kwato, liwata.
kiama* (-) see kiyama. kiapo (vi-) 1. oath, apa (fanya, shika) -.
protect, pass, ketiwa. Cf. kaa (?).
swear an oath. - cha uwongo. perjury. kiazi (vi-) sweet potato. - sena (kindoro).
kiamba (vi-) see mwamba. also lia -. take an oath. Ma.
Cf.
keu: kupiga — . chew the cud. Cf. cheu. white (red) sweet potato. - kikuu. yam.
2. myth, test, trial by ordeal, la -.
— cha kizungu. European potato.
kiambaza, kiwambaza, kiyambaza (vi-) subject oneself to a trial by ordeal.
^keu a cut made with an ax (in order to
(outer) wall (made of earth and rubble); — cha moto. trial bv fire. Cf. ana
1
straighten a pole; see keua). kibaba* (vi-) kibaba (unit of weight or ca-
(in gen.) wall (of a house). Cf. wamba.
pacity: about 700 g. or .56 liters), prov.:
Kiarabu* 1. sing, the Arabic language.
keua cut a notch (in a pole, in order to
haba na haba hujaza -. Little by little
kiambo (vi-) rare 1. household, housekeep- 2. adv. in the Arab manner. 3.: -a -.
straighten it and make it serviceable for village. adj.
fills the measure.
ing, household furnishings. 2. Arabic, Arabian, Arab. Cf. Mwarabu,
building after a wedge has been inserted). Uarabu.
[Engl. ^kibaba (vi-) dimin. of
kiamerika*, kiamerikani, kimarekani J: ^baba.
khalifa* (-) see halifa.
—a — . adj. American. kiarif'a* (vi-) gramm. verb. Cf. arifu.
kibafute (vi-) kibafute (a children's game in
khasara* (-) see hasara. kiamerika. kiarusi* which the identity of an object hidden
kiamerikani* see sing.: ana -. He trembles. in
arusi. the hand must be guessed at).

Cf.
*kia (vi-) 1. bolt, latch (on a door). 2. anat. kiamshakinywa (vi-), chamshakinywa (vy-)
breakfast. amka, kinywa. kibago (vi-) stool.

joint. Cf. kiasi* (— ) 1. measure, price, value, amount.
- gani? What is the price? How much does
Old Swahili (the language of kibahaluli* (vi-) rare 1. small torch, paper
^kia, kiwa step over, pass, cross, isiokia. Kiamu sing. it cost? - cha sehemu. math, numerator,
in literary works). spill. 2. foolish/stupid person.
impassable. Cf. kiuka. Lamu preserved bila -. without measure, inexact; immod-
erate, 2. fig. moderation, temperance.
clearing up (of the kibakuli* (vi-) see bakuli.
kiada* adj. plain, clear, distinct, sema — kianga, kiangazi (vi-)
kwa -. moderately, temperately. 3. adv.
weather, after rain), pigwa na -. clear
speak slowly and clearly. Cf. kawaida. a little, somewhat; for a short time.
up. Cf. angaa. ^kibali* see kubali.
tembea — . go walking for a short time.
kiafrika* [Engl J adj.: -a -. African.

kiangaza (vi-): - macho, reward for finding
kibali*
Cf. Afrika. kiasi* (— )
sing, see ukubali.
mil. charge, round (of ammuni-
something lost {lit.: eye-brightener).
tion); cartridge. Cf. risasi.
promise, agreement, con- Cf. angaa.
kiaga (vi-) dial, kibama (vi-) kibama (cake made of flour
9
tract. Cf. aga. and bananas).
kiaskari*: -a -. adj. military, utumishi
kiangazi (vi-) see kianga.
wa -. military service. Cf. askari.
kiagano (vi-) see agano. kibanawasi* (vi-) liter, rabbit, hare.
kiango (vi-) arch, lampstand, lamp holder.
Cf. Abunuwasi.
kiatomiki* [Engl.]: -a-, atomic. Cf.
kiago (vi-) rare departure, farewell. Cf. ânga.
atomiki.
Cf. ^ga. kibanda, kijibanda (vi-) {dimin. ofbanda)
1. hut, shed, lean-to; pavilion. 2.: —
cha uso. rare, forehead.
kibaniko 182 kibibi kibinadamu 183 kibumba
kibaniko (vi-) 1. (roasting) spit. 2. recent kibatobato (vi-) see batobato.

kibinadamu*: —a — , adj. human, natural. kiboko* L Pers.? J (vi-) 1. hippopotamus.
toaster. Cf. bana.
Cf. binadamu, ubinadamu. 2. whip made of hippopotamus hide.
kibavu, kibavubavu, kiubavubavu adv. on/at/
3. zigzag embroidery around the neck of
kibano (vi-) see mbano 3. to the side, sideways. Cf. ubavu. kibindo (vi-), bindo (ma-) fold of the loin- a kanzu.
cloth used for carrying money or tobacco.

kibe (— ) rare noise, shouting. = ukelele.)
Kibanyani* Llnd. J sing, language of the (
kibole (vi-) anat. appendix.
Banyan i (q.v.) .
kibinja (vi-) whistle (sound or instrument).
kibeberu 1. (vi-) dimin. ofbeberu. 2. —a—. kibonge pharm.
Cf. ubinja. (vi-) {dimin. of bonge)
kibanzi (vi-) 1. splinter, chip, shaving, rare: adj. dictatorial, imperialistic. Cf. be-
tablet, pill, capsule.
vibanzi vua msumeno. sawdust. 2. beru, ubeberu.
fig. kibiongo (vi-) one who stoops when he walks,
pointed instrument: skewer, etc. Cf. bana. a person bent over by age or illness. kibri* (vi-) see kiburi.
kibemasa (— ) children's game (hide-and-
kibao (vi-) (dimin. of bao) 1. small board, seek).

kibirikizi (vi-) summons, appeal, proclama- kibriti* (vi-) see kiberiti.
tray, salver. 2. slate fused by school- —
tion, piga , announce, proclaim.
children). kibepari* Llnd.j (vi-) (petty) bourgeoisie.
^kibua (vi-) kibua (a small fish).
Cf. bepari, ubepari.
kibiriti*, kiberiti, kibrili (vi-) 1. sulfur.
kibapara (vi-) 1. old, worn-out article of —
2. match, ganda la . matchbox, washa
kiberenge* (vi-) 1. small locomotive (nar- "kibua (vi-) 1. something light/pithy.
clothing. 2. pejor. poor person, beggar. — . strike a match.
row-gage). 2. fig. deceiver, dishonest 2. dimin. of bua.
3. kind of cap.
person. 3. rare prostitute.
kibisi (vi-) ornith. kibisi (species of grebe,
kibubutu (vi-) rare 1. tree-stump. 2. fig.
kibaraka* (vi-) vassal, lackey; (comm.) re- dabchick).
kiberiti* (— ) see kibiriti. stump of an amputated limb. Cf. butu,
actionary. Cf, baraka.
butua.
kibia*, kibula (— ) 1. Isl. direction of prayer
kibaramwezi (vi-) windmill (children s toy). kibete (vi-) see kibeti.
(toward Mecca). 2. part of a mosque where
kibudu* adv.: fa — . die a natural death.
(= kititia 2.)
the imam stands. 3. north, tiyumba yangu
kibeti, kibweti, kibete (vi-) person or animal
inatazama — . My house faces north. Cf.
of less than normal size, dwarf, midget, kibuhudi* (vi-) see kibuhuti.
kibarango (vi-) {dimin. of mbarango) 1. short,
kahili.
thick stick. 2. short, heavyset person. bantam, pygmy.
kibuhuti*, kibuhudi (vi-) 1. grief, care,
kibobwe (vi-) see kibwebwe.
kibia (vi-) {dimin. of bia) 1. small trouble, shikwa na — . have troubles.
kibarua* (vi-) {dimin. of barua) 1. {also
earthenware pot. 2. lid of such a pot. 2. foreboding, presentiment.
kijibarua) slip of paper, card. 2. irregular
kibofu (urinary) bladder.
(vi-) anat. Cf. bofu.
employment, kazi ya — . work by the day.
kibibi* LPers.J (vi-) {dimin. of bibi) kibula* (vi-) see kibia.
3. worker who has no permanent employ- kibogoshi (vi-) small traveler's bag.
ment, day laborer. 4. employment (in gen.). 1. young mistress (eldest daughter of the
house). 2. princess. 3. young kibuluu* [Engl.! 1. (-) kibuluu (kind of

siku hizi hana — . He has no employment at
liter,
kibogoyo (vi-) 1. toothless person. 2. one
hen, peahen, female parrot; (in gen.) manioc). 2. adj. see buluu.
present, is unemployed. who makes others laugh but does not laugh
peacock (- tausi). 4. numbness, going
himself, funnyman, humorist (writer of a
kibumba, kipumba (vi-) {dimin. of bumba)
kibatari* [ Pers. J (vi-) small oil lamp. to sleep (of the feet).
humorous column in a newspaper, etc.);
lump, ball; (small) package, packet; paper
(sometimes dcrog.) card,'
box.
. .
184 kichalichali kichane 185 kichocheo

kibunzi
kichane (vi-) 1. splinter, shaving. 2. bunch kichele (dial, kichelele) adv. 1. naked,
]
kibunzi (vi-) corncob. (- gunzi.) kibwebwe, kibobwe (vi-) (white) loincloth
(of fruit). Cf. chana. bare, bald. 2. fig. well-defined, clear,
(worn by women).
plain, ameniambia — sana. He spoke to
^kibunzi, kigunzi (vi-) end of the year, last kichangamko (vi-) see ehangamko. me very plainly.
kibwengo (vi-) 1. evil sea spirit. 2. dance
day of the year*
performed in exorcising spirits.
kichangamsha (vi-): — kinywa. a confection kichelele see kichele.
^kibunzi (vi-) kibunzi (children's game). (served before the main part of a meal).
kibweti (vi-) see kibeti.
Cf. changamka. ^kichelema (vi-) watery manioc (or potatoes).
kiburi*, kibri (— ) pride, arrogance, presump-
kibwiko (vi-) 1. deformed or mutilated foot,
tion, conceit, fanya (onyesha, wa na) — r Inhfnnt (= kiguu). 2. a person with
kichanganyiko (vi-) math, multiplier; pro-
^kichelema (vi-) see kiselema.
1
be proud/arrogant/conceited, mlu anaweza duct (of multiplication). Cf. changa.
such a deformity.
kuwa na — bila ya kukionyesha kila siku.
*kichembe (vi-) see kitembe.
A person can be proud without showing it kichango (vi-) collection (of money), changa
kicha (vi-) bunch, bundle (usually of palm-
every day. Cf. takabari. — . contribute to a collection. Cf. changa.
leaf strips, used for plaiting mats).
^kichembe (vi-) see ^chembe.
kiburu (— ) dial. - kibuyu. kichanio (vi-) see kichanuo.

kichaa sing, mental disorder, insanity.
= wazimu.) ana kichinichini adv. underhandedly, secretively,
(
— . He is deranged/
kiburudishaji* (vi-) a cool and refreshing kichanja (vi-) dimin. of chanja. disingenuously. Cf. chini.
insane.
confection served as dessert. Cf. baridi,
burudi. kichanuo, kichanio, kitana (vi-) (dimin. of kichinja (vi-): — (or kitinda) mimba. the
kichaani (vi-) hot. kichaani (annual grass,
chanuo) comb. Cf. ''chana. last child to whom a woman gives birth.
Striga elegans).
kiburudisho* (vi-) 1. rest, relaxation, re- — udhia. a weed (Dissotis prostrata)
freshment, recreation, recuperation. 2. re- kichea sing., rare 1. dawn. 2. clearing up used as a remedy for headache. Cf.
kichaazi (vi-) kichaazi (variety of banana).
lief, alleviation (of pain). 3. flavor, (after a rain). Cf. cha. chinja.
savor. Cf. baridi, burudi. kichaga (vi-), uchaga, uchala (— ) con-

kicheche (vi-) dimin. of ^cheche. kichinjo (vi-) see mchinjo.
tainer for storing grain (on a raised plat-
kiburuta (vi-) (kind of) fan (usually made of form).
In kichipukizi (vi-) 1. sprout, shoot. 2. fig.:
tin and used to fan a fire). Cf. burura. kichefuchefu sing. see kitefutefu.
mtu huyu ni — tu. This person is as yet
kichaka (vi-) (dimin. of ^chaka) 1. thicket,
kibuyu {dial, kiburu) (vi-) {dimin. of buyu) undeveloped (is still at the beginning of
bushes, shrubbery. 2. group of trees,, kichefuchefu sing, nausea, seasickness.
(small variety of) calabash. his career). Cf. chipua.
grove. coll. nina — . I feel sick. Cf. chefua.
kicho (vi-) 1. fear, anxiety, timidity.

kibuzi (vi-) see mbuzi. kichala bunch (of
(vi-) fruit). kichekesho (vi-) amusement, entertainment,
2. something arousing fear; danger,
diversion, fun. Cf. cheka.
young peril. Cf. cha.
kibwana (vi-) (dimin. of bwana) 1.
kichali, kichalichali (rare chali) adv.
master (eldest son of the house). 2. liter. backwards, on the back, lala — . lie on kicheko (vi-) laugh, smile, grin, angua —
prince. kichocheo (vi-) 1. poker (for stirring a
one's back. burst out laughing. Cf. êheka.
fire). 2. fig. a quarrelsome person.
kibwanyenye (vi-) (petty) bourgeoisie. kichalichali see kichali. Cf. chocha.

kichocho 186 Kidachi 187
kidaka kidimu
kichocho (vi-) med. bilharzia. Cf. chocha. kichujio (vi-) dimin. of chujio.
^kidaka (vi-) coconut (in the first stages of kidawati* (vi-) see dawati.
growth).
kichochoro (vi-), chochoro (ma-), mchochoro kichumba (dimin. of chumba) (vi-) compart-
kidazi sing, baldness, bald spot, bald head.
(mi-), uchochoro (ma-) narrow passage, ment, cab. — cha dreva. cab (of a loco-
= upaa.)
^kidaka (vi-) 1. niche. 2. anat. throat. (
alley (between houses). motive).
— tonge. anat. uvula. Cf. daka.
kidei (— ) see kideri.
kichogo (vi-) see kisogo. *kichungu: coll. niliwakuta watu — . I met a
kidako (vi-) kidako (kind of fish).
tremendous crowd of people. Cf. ''chungu.
kidemokrasi* LEngl.J adj.: —a — . demo-
kichokoo (vi-) 1. dimin. of mchokoo.
kidalali* (vi-) (dimin. of dalali) agent, cratic, jamhuri ya — . democratic republic,
2. spur (on a boot). Cf. chokoa.
^kichungu adv. sharply, bitterly, caustically. sheria za — democratic laws.
henchman. .
Cf. ^chungu.
kichoma (vi-): — mguu (nguo). 1. a shrub
kideri, kidei (— ) 1. cattle plague, rinder-
(Bidens pilosa, Bidens leucantha). *kidamu* (— ) naut., rare bow (= onto, gu-
2. an J
^kichungu, kijungu (vi-) (dimin. of chungu) pest. 2. disease of chickens.
annual plant (Heteropogon contortus). beti.) Cf. kadamu.
Cf.
small cooking pot.
2choma.
kidete adv. firmly.
^kidamu* rare - takadamu.
kichomi, kichomo sharp (pricking/stab- ^kichungu (vi-) tuft (of grass).
(vi-)
kidevu (vi-) anat. chin, ndevu za —
bing) pain, twinge, stitch, ana — . He has kidanga (vi-) 1. unripe fruit. 2. adj.
goatee. Cf. udevu.
sharp pains/twinges. Ichoma. kichwa, kitwa (vi-) 1. head. - kikubwa.
mchungwa — unripe orange.
Cf. .
arrogance, presumption, jipa (pata) —

wa na kidhabidhabina* (vi-) see mdhabidhabina.
be proud/arrogant/presumptuous, kidani (vi-) necklace.
kichomo (vi-) see kichomi.
(fanya) — . be obstinate/recalcitrant.
kidhi* grant, bestow, lend, present, confer;
ana — (kizuri). He is intelligent, nina
kidaraja* (vi-) sport steeplechase, hurdle-
^kichomo (vi-) rare (process, manner of)
(naumvva) — or — kinaniwanga. I have a satisfy. — maombi. grant a request. appL
race, obstacle-race. Cf. daraja.
burning, cauterization. Cf. 'xb.oma. — cha gari la moshi. lo- kidhia. caus. kidhisha. pass, kidhiwa.
headache, fig.
— chini miguu juu. up- Cf. mkidhi.

comotive, coll.
kidari (vi-) breast, breastbone (usually of
kichongochongo see kitongo. side down, topsy-turvy. 2. upper part,
animals or birds), coll. toa — . be con-
kichwani. upper kidifu* (vi-) see difu.
top, main part. loc.
ceited/egotistical.
kichopa (vi-) small bundle. Cf. chopa. end. — cha maneno. book title. — cha
important kidiku (vi-) fragment, scrap.
mlima. top of a mountain. 3.
kidato (vi-) 1. notch (cut in the trunk of a
kichoro (vi-) small, illegible handwriting. person, leader. 4. adv.: kichwa kichwa.
palm-tree as an aid for climbing). 2. rung
chora, mchoro. kidimbwi, kidumbwi (vi-) (dimin. of dimbwi)
Cf. headlong, head over heels.
(of a ladder).
pool, puddle.
kichozi (vi-) 1. kichozi (kind of bird: 'palm- somer-

kichwamgomba, kitwamgomba (vi-)
heavy drinker, kidau* (vi-) dimin. of dau.

wine drinker'). 2. fig. sault. kidimu (vi-): — msitu. wild lemon tree.
drunkard, coll.: huyu — sana. He is a
heavy drinker. Cf. 2 cn0 zi. German kidau* (vi-) see kidawa.
Kidachi* [Germ.] arch. 1. sing.
kidimu (vi-) kidimu (a chicken with ruffled
language. 2.: —a — . adj. German.
feathers or a bare neck).
9
kichuguu, kisuguu, kisugulu (vi-) ant/termite (- Kijeremani.) Cf. Dachi. kidawa*, kidau (vi-): — cha wino. inkwell.
hill. Cf. chuguu.

.
188 kidus
kidingapopo
kifafa
kiduka 189
kidingapopo (vi-) med. dengue fever (tropical mwenye -. gourmet. 3. red. kidomodomo.
intermittent fever). kiduka* (vi-) small shop/business. Cf. duka. kiendeleo, kiendelezo (vi-) progress, ad-
adv.: ana kidomodomo. He talks continu-
vance. Cf. enda, endeleo.
ously.
kidiplomasi* LEngl.~]: _a _, a gj % diplo- kiduku* LAfr. J (vi-) kiduku (duiker, small
matic, mtumewa— . diplomatic courier.
kidonda (vi-) see donda.
antelope). kiendelezo (vi-) see kiendeleo.
kidiri (— ) squirrel. (= kindi.) kidumbwi (vi-) see kidimbwi. kieneo (vi-) see eneo.
i
kidondo (vi-) {usually vidondo) shaving(s);
firewood, kindling.
kidirisha* (vi-) ventilator. Cf. dirisha. = kienezo (vi-) see chenezo.
^kidundu (vi-) forehead. ( kipaji.)
2l:j o _j t„;_\ „ _ u33C i
kidividivi (vi-) earring. kienge (vi-; see mwenge.

kidundu (vi-) see dundu.
kidogo adv. a some, not much, few. kidonge (vi-) {dimin. of donge) 1. small —a — peculiar to or limited
little, kienyeji sing.: .
kidungadunga (vi-) boring insect, weevil.

— piece/lump, globule. 2. pharm. tablet, nguo za — na-
maji . some water, a little water. to a country, national, .
Cf. *dunga.
ekundu — . reddish, bado — . soon. Ted.
pill.
tional dress/costume, vita vya — . civil
kidogo kidogo, kidogodogo. very little, not war. Cf. enye, mwenye ji.
kidurango (vi-) rare dwarf. (
= mbilikitno,
kidotia, kilotia (vi-) child's cap.
much at all. Cf. dogo.
kibeti.)
*kifa (vi-) mil. nipple (of a musket), firing
kidokezi (vi-) see kidokezo. kidoto (vi-) 1. blinker, blinder (fastened
pin, detonator.
kid urazi (vi-) see kidurus
over a camel's eyes). 2. fig., coll.
kidokezo, kidokezi (vi-) suggestion, proposal; funda — . follow blindly.

kidurusi, kidurazi (vi-) dial, termite hill. ^kifa (vi-) dying, death. Cf. fa.
hint, allusion; advice. Cf. dokeza.
(
= chuguu.)
'"kidoto (vi-) (small) drinking cup, goblet.
kifaa (vi-) 1. implement, utensil, apparatus,
*kidoko (vi-) 1. click (of the tongue), piga acrid odor, {e.g., of game, equipment, material, vifaa vya kuoga
kidusi (— ) 1.
— . to click. 2. ling, click (consonant). kidude* (vi-) {dimin. of dude) 1. trifle;
fish). 2. in gen. unusual smell/taste. equipment for washing, vifaa vya nyumbani.
lugha yenye vidoko. language with click undefinable thing, what's-its-name, thing-
household implements. 2. (us. pi.)
consonants. 3. hint, sign. Cf. dokeza, umbob; gadget, device, instrument, counter (small object used in teaching
kiduta (vi-) prominence, height, hill.
knob. 2. something unknown/mysterious/ faa.
arithmetic, etc.). Cf.
frightening. — gani hili? What in the
^kidoko (vi-) kidoko (kind of fish). kieleaji (vi-) something which floats; (pi.)
world is this object? kifabakazi (vi-) bot. Nandi flame tree
flotsam. Cf. elea.
kidole (vi-) finger, toe. Also: — cha tnkono. (Spathodea nilotica).

kidudu*, kijidudu (vi-) {dimin. of *mdudu)
finger. — cha mguu. toe. — cha gumba. kielekezo (vi-) sign, indication, hint. Cf.
microbe, germ. med. whooping cough.
thumb. — shahada. index finger. — cha elea, elekea. kifaduro (vi-)
kati. middle finger. — cha kati ya kando.

kidudusi (vi-) 1. spot, speck. 2. med. kifafa med. convulsion, spasm, fit;
ring finger. — cha mvvisho. little finger. kielelezo (vi-) see kielezo. (vi-)
dole, udole.
pimple, rash. Cf. duduka. epilepsy, mwenye — . an epileptic,
Cf.
kielezo, kielelezo (vi-) explanation; pattern, amepata (ugua) — . be epileptic, have a

kidomo (vi-) 1. dimin. of mdomo. 2. dainti- kidugu, kindugu 1. (vi-) dimin. of ndugu.
model, form; example, illustration. Cf. fit of epilepsy.
ness, fastidiousness (with respect to food). 2. adv. in a brotherly way. pendana —
elea.
love each other like brothers.
kifalr 190 kifua
kifua 191 kifunifuni
kifalme adj. & adv. royal(ly). nguo ya — kifichifichi see kifichoficho.

kifuasi (vi-) 1. succession, series, se- kifundo (vi-) (dimin. of fundo) 1. knot,
regal clothing. Cf. mfalme, ufalme.
quence (of numbers). 2. even number. Cf. piga — . tie a knot. 2. anat. joint.
kificboficho, kifichifichi adv. stealthily, in
fuata. — cha mkono. wrist. — cha mguu. ankle,
kifandugu (— ) anat. coccyx. secret, maneno ya — . intrigues. Cf.
heel. loc. kifundoni. up to the ankles.
ficha.
kifudifudi see fudifudi. 3„ tassel. Cf. funda, fundika.
kifani (vi-) see kifano.
kifidio* (vi-) see fidia.

kifufu (vi-) see kifuu. kifunga (vi-) 1. rare something used for
kifano, kifani (vi-) similar thing, equal,
tying/fastening. — mbuzi. a short-lived
match, haina — . It is unequaled/unique kifijo (vi-) (usually vifijo) applause, joyful
kifuka (vi-) hot. kifuka (a shrub, V erononia variety of grass (Eleusine indica).
nr r p r ...... _
cinerea). 2°: — stimu. elec. fuse. (- falaki.)
Cf. Ifunga.
kifaranga* [ Port. J (vi-) (dimin. of Ma- kifiko (vi-) time of arrival; place where one
kifukizo, kivukizo (vi-) smoking, fumigation,
ranga) young bird, chick. arrives, destination. Cf. fika.
burning of incense; fumigating material, kifungo (vi-) 1. (act of, method of) fasten-
incense. Cf. *fuka. ing. 2. fastener (button, buckle, clasp,

Kifaransa* 1. sing. French language. kifisifisi adv. like a hyena; (fig.) secretly,
etc.). 3. confinement, prison; jail sen-
2.: —a — . adj. French. Cf. Faransa, surreptitiously. Cf. fisi.
tence,
kil'uko (vi-) (dimin. of mfuko). 1. pouch, peleka (tia) kifungoni). put into
Mfaransa, Ufaransa.
small bag/sack. — cha fedha or cha ku- prison. 4. typ. parenthesis, bracket,
kifo (vi-) death, dying, manner of death.
tilia fedha. purse. 2. anat. tonsil. andika vifungoni. put in parentheses.
kifarasi* adj. & adv. like a horse; at a gal- — chake kilituhuzunisha. His death has
*
3. red.: kifukofuko. cocoon (of an insect). Cf. funga.
lop, galloping, enda mbio — . run at a distressed us. prov. — cha wengi arusi.
gallop. Cf. farasi. The dying of many is like a wedding

kifuku (vi-) the hot rainy season. Cf. fuka. kifungu (vi-) (dimin. of Mungu) small por-
(
= the awareness of working in common
tion; paragraph, section, article (of a law,
kifaru (vi-) {or augment, faru) 1. rhinoceros. for a good cause gives one strength).
kifuli (vi-) see kivuli. constitution, etc.); (mus.) measure.
tank, bunduki ya kupigia vi- Cf. fa.
2. fig., mil.
faru. antitank gun. 3. —a vifaru. adj.

kifungua (vi-) something that opens or un-
kifulifuli see fudifudi.
armored, kikundi cha vifaru. armored bat- *kifu 1. (vi-) something dead (decayed, de- fastens. — kopo. can opener. — kinywa.
talion. composed), carrion. 2. adv. as if dead. breakfast. — mimba. firstborn child.
kifumba (vi-) [dimin. of ^fumba) small sack
lala — . sleep very soundly. Cf. fa.
made — mkoba. hist, payment to a medicine
of matting.
kifauwongo (vi-) (lit. that which feigns
man for discovering the cause of an illness
death; cf. 2|dfa, uwongo) 1. mimosa — made by the bridegroom to
^kifu*, kefu 1. be enough, suffice, chakula kifumbazi (vi-) see *kivumbasi. miango. gift
(Mimosa pudica). 2. kifauwongo (a shrub, those who, on his wedding day, open the
chako kimenikifu. Your food has satisfied
Biophytum sensitivum). 3. (kind of) weevil door to the room of the bride.
me (I cannot eat any more), appl. kifia. kifumbu (vi-) filter, sieve (of matting or Cf. funga.
(or other insect which feigns death when kifia haja. satisfy someone's desires. 2 fumba, kifumba.
basketwork). Cf.
touched). 2. sing, sufficiency, plenty, abundance. kifunguo (vi-) 1. d imin. of ufunguo.
2. skeleton key. Cf. funga.
kifumufumu (vi-) rare kifumufumu (kind of
kifefe* (vi-) 1. = ufefe. 2. weak/useless
kifua (vi-) breast, chest (of men); breast- manioc). (
= muhogo.)
person. bone, hawezi — . he coughs. — kikuu. kifunifuni see fudifudi.
med. tuberculosis. See also mafua. kifundi: —a — . technical, msaada vva —

2 kifu.
kifia appZ. of
technical assistance. Cf. "funda, fundi.
192 kigelegele kigeni 193 igugumizi
kifuniko
kigeni: —a — . adj. foreign, maneno ya — kigogo. 1. (vi-) dimin. of gogo. 2. adv.:

kifuniko (vi-) 1. cover, lid, screen. — cha Kigana* VEngl.^'. —a—. Ghanaian.
a foreign language. Cf. geni. lala (kama) — . sleep very soundly.
chungu. potlid. — cha saa. case of a
watch. — cha taa. lampshade, globe. *kiganda (vi-) dimin. of Uganda.
kigeregenja (vi-) see kigereng'enza. kigogota, kigotagota, kigong'ota, king'oto
2. fig. concealment, refuge, hiding-place.
(vi-) woodpecker. Cf. gogota.
Cf. funika.
^Kiganda: —a—, adj. pertaining to/char- kigereng enza, kigeregenja (vi-) splinter,
acteristic of the Baganda. fragment, chip, shaving. kigoli, kigori (vi-) young girl (before men-
kifunuo (vi-) uncovering, revealing. Cf.
struation).
funua.
kigango (vi-) dimin. of gango. kigesi, kigezi (vi-), kugesi (— ) anklet.
l,;{\. lit„ (o -oir.ted

kigoma (vi-) (dimin. of ngoma) small drum,
= ( v ;_) stake thrust in the
kiganja, kiganya (vi-), ganja (ma-) palm of kigeugeu (vi-) 1. inconstant/fickle person. tambourine.
ground, used for stripping off the husks of =
the hand. ( kitanga.) 2. chameleon. (
= 9 kinyonga). 3. adj. &
coconuts). Cf. fua,
adv. inconstant, changeable, vacillating, kigomba (vi-) (dimin. of mgomba) young
kigao (vi-) (dimin. of ngao) (small) shield, fickle, fanyia fulani — make someone
.
banana plant.
kifupi adv. briefly, in brief. Cf. fupi.
screen. vacillate/waver. Cf. geua.
kigombegombe (vi-) kigombegombe (kind of

kifusi (vi-) see fusi.
kigasha (vi-): — cha mkono. forearm. kigezi (vi-) see kigesi. fish).
kifuu, kifufu (vi-) l.( empty) shell of the

kigawanye, kigawe (vi-) math, dividend. kigezo* \_Pers.j (vi-) pattern (for cutting
1. kigongo (vi-) see kijongo.
coconut. 2. rare: — cha yai. eggshell.
40 ni kigawe cha 10. Forty is a multiple clothes). 2. measuring rod, yardstick.
l
Cf. fuu.
of ten. Cf. gawa. geza.
Cf. kigong'ota (vi-) see kigogota.
kifyonza: —{or mfyonza) vumbi (vi-) vacuum

kigawanyo, kigawo (vi-) division, distribu- kigingi, kigwingwi (vi-) peg, stake, post kigono resting place, shelter, camp.
(vi-)
cleaner. Cf. fyonza.
tion; (math.) divisor. Cf. gawa. (for tying animals). Cf. gona.
kiga (vi-) dial, thigh (of an animal), shank,

kigawe (vi-) see kigawanye. Kigiriki* LEngl.j 1. sing, (modern) Greek kigori (vi-) see kigoli.
ham. (
= paja.)
language. 2. adv. in the Greek manner.
kigawo (vi-) see kigawanyo. 3.: —a — . adj. Greek. Cf. Mgiriki, kigosho (vi-) bend, crookedness, deformity.
kigae, kigai (vi-) {dimin. of gae) small
Ugiriki. — cha mkono. deformed arm.
fragment, splinter, potsherd; (roof-)tile. kigego (vi-) 1. child that develops abnor-
mally (regarded as unluc ky ). 2. fig.: kigo ukigo. kigotagota

pi. of (vi-) see kigogota.
kigaga (vi-) (dimin. of gaga) crust, scurf,
mtoto huyu ni — sana. This child is hard
scab.
to bring up. Kigoa* Llnd.J sing, language of the
1. kiguba (vi-) see kikuba.
Goanese. 2.: —a — . adj. Goanese.
kigagazi (vi-) nausea, seasickness.
kigelegele (vi-) [also ugelegele sing.) kigugu 1. (vi-) dimin. of gugu. 2. adv.
shout of joy (usually of women, on the oc- kigodo (vi-) kigodo (confection made of rice wild, in confusion, like weeds, jenga —
kigai (vi-) see kigae.
wedding,
casion of a returning, a birth, a
flour, sugar, and grated coconut). build in a disorderly fashion (not in rows).
etc.). (
= kelele, shangwe, kijijo.)
kigambo (vi-) controversy, controversial ques-
kigoe (vi-) see kingoe. kigugumizi, kigugumiza (vi-) stuttering.
tion, (point at) issue. Cf. amba.
ana — . He stutters. Cf. gugumia.
. ) .
195 kijicho
kigumba 194 kiini kiini
kigumba (vi-) arrowhead, barb on an arrow- Kihindi* 1. sing. Hindustani (language). matter). — ya hoja. central issue. 3. re- Kijampani* sing. & adj. see Kijapani.
head. 2. —a — . adj. Indian. Cf. Hindi, cent —a — . nuclear, siasa ya — . comm.
Mhindi, Uhindi. policy of nuclear blackmail, silaha za kijana (vi-) young person, boy, girl, young-
kigumi (vi-) see kiguni. vi int. nuclear weapons. Cf. ini. ster, wewe — sisi ni watu wazima. You
kihongwe, kongwe (vi-) (also punda — are a youngster, (but) we are grown-ups.
kiguni*, kigumi (vi-) {dimin. of guni) small pack donkey. kiini: — macho (vi-) (conjuring) trick, Cf. mwana.
bag of matting (for packing dates). sleight of hand.
*kihori* (vi-) rare dimin. of ^hori. kijani 1. (vi-) dimin. of jani. 2. adv.
kigunzi (vi-) 1. dimin. of gunzi. 2. fig. kiinikizo (vi-) 1. heavy burden. 2. bribery,
like grass. 3. adj. — kibichi. grass-
the last day of the year. = kibunzi.) ereen.

( 2 kihori* (vi-) di.aiu. *:.ori.
bribe. C. ir.ika.
uf
kiguu (vi-) {dimin. of mguu) 1. deformed — mgongo Kijapani* iEngl.J 1. sing, the Japanese
kihoro (vi-) grief, pain, tia — . feel grief/ kiinua: (vi-) extra payment, bonus
foot, clubfoot. 2. lame person.
(for heavy work); tip. Cf. inua.
language. 2.: —a — . adj. Japanese,
pain.
Cf. Mjapani.
kiguzo (vi-) (dimin. of nguzo) 1. prop, sup-
kihunzi (vi-) thieves' Latin (a form of con- kiisha* see kisha.
port, stand (for holding something). kijaruba* (vi-) see kijaluba.
cealed speech in which final syllables are
2. (cricket) stump. 3. comfort, assurance.
put first). Cf. kinyume 1 Kiislamu* 1. sing, (religion of) Islam.
kijembe (vi-) (dimin. of jembe) small
2. adv. in the Moslem manner. 3. : —a — 1.
kigwaru (also kinyevu) (vi-) a growth or knife, pocketknife. 2. fig. cutting/sar-

kihusiano (vi-) gramm. relative afformative adj. Islamic, Moslem. Cf. Islamu, silimu.
swelling on the genitals. castic language.
(infix or suffix). Cf. husu.
kiitikio, kiitiko (vi-) response, repetition,
kigwe (vi-) (dimin. of ugwe) string, cord; Kijeremani* L Engl. J 1. sing. German lan-
kiinamizi (vi-) share of meat which the refrain. Cf. ita.
tape, braid; strap; lace (of a shoe); rein. guage. 2. —a -. adj. German. Cf. Mje-
butcher receives for slaughtering an animal.
see kiitikio.
remani, Ujeremani.
Cf. inama. kiitiko (vi-)
kigwingwi (vi-) see kigingi.
kijaa (vi-) 1. millstone. 2. a completely kijeshi* 1.: —a — . adj. military, army...

Kiingereza* 1. sing, the English language.
kihanie (vi-) deserted dwelling place. filled vessel.
korti la — . court-martial. 2. (vi-) military
2. adv. in the English manner. 3.: —a—. Cf. jaa.
= hame, mahamc, tongo.) training. Cf. jeshi.
(
adj. English. Cf. Mwingereza, Uingereza.
kijakazi (vi-) (dimin. of mjakazi) hist.
kiharusi*, kiarusi (vi-) med. stroke, spasm, kijia (vi-) see kinjia.
kiingiiio, kiingio (vi-) admission fee. Cf.
young slave girl. Cf. ja.
apoplexy.
ingia.
kijaluba*, kijaruba (vi-) dimin. of jaluba. kijibanda (vi-) see kibanda.
kiherehere (vi-) confusion, excitement.

kiingio (vi-) see kiingiiio.
— eha moyo. palpitation of the heart.
kijamanda* (vi-) 1. dimin. of jamanda. kijibwa (vi-) little dog; (fig.) lackey, puppet.
2. blinker, blinder (of basketwork; fast- Cf. mbwa.

^kiini, kini (vi-) 1. inside, interior; pith;
kihero (vi-) 1. dimin. of hero. 2. crib,
ened over the eyes of camels ).
kernel, nucleus. — cha matunda. kernel/
manger, trough. kijicho (vi-) 1. envy, jealousy. 2. malice,
stone of fruit. — cha yai. yolk of an egg.
kijambia* (vi-) 1. dimin. of jambia. 2. gus- spite. 3. malignant/envious glance, kuwa
kihesabu*: —a — adj. mathematical. Cf. — cha jicho. anat. pupil (of the eye).
.
set (of a kanzu). na — or kuwa na — rohoni. be envious/

hesabu. 2. fig. substance, essence, gist (of a
jealous. Cf. jicho.
197 kikale
kijichumba 196 kijitu
kijichumba (dimin. of chumba)

kijivi 1. (vi-) (dimin. of mwivi) thievish ^kijusi* (vi-) 1. bad smell. 2. impurity
(vi-) cubicle, ^kijinga, kijingajinga adj. stupid, foolish.
person. 2, adv. in a thievish/underhanded (period of forty days after parturition,
cabin. Cf. jinga.
way. Cf. iba. during which a woman is considered to be
impure). Cf. ujusi.

kijidonda (vi-) {dimin. of donda) pimple, kijingajinga see kijinga.
kijivu, kijivujivu adj. ash-colored, ashen,
pustule.
gray. Cf. jivu.
kijini* (vi-) (dimin. of jini) liter, spirit, ^kijusi (vi-) dimin. of Imjusi.
kijidudu (vi-) see kidudu. fairy, elf.

ki jiwe (vi-) see kiwe. kijusu (vi-) anat. foetus (of four months).
kijigari* Llnd.J (vi-) (dimin. of gari) kijino (vi-) 1. dimin. of jino. 2. a small
motor scooter. fish, whitebait. 3. shrimp. kijogoo 1. (dimin. of jogoo. 2. (vi-) kiiutn (vi-) sp.p kijito.
(species) of) sea-fish. 3. adv. like cocks/
kijihospitali* L Engl. J (vi-) {dimin. of hos- kijio (vi-) evening meal, dinner. Cf. ja.
roosters, fig. shindana — . fight with each kijuujuu adv. 1. above, up, upwards, on
pitali) medical station, first aid.

other like cocks, prov. mtu huyu ndiye — top. 2. fig. superficially. Cf. juu.
kijiri (vi-) see chichiri.

vva mji siku hizi. He is a notorious char-
kijiji (vi-) (dimin. of mji) (small) village, acter. Cf. jogoo. kijuvi 1. adj. & adv. impertinent, impudent,
hamlet, (
= kitongoji.) kijisanduku* (vi-) (dimin. of sanduku) mail- insolent, sema — . talk impudently.
box.
Kijomba sing. arch. Swahili (language). 2. (vi-) an impertinent child. Cf. jua,
= Kiswahili; mjomba, Ujomba.)
( cf.
*kijiko (vi-) (dimin. of *mwiko) spoon
(in gen.). — cha chai. teaspoon. — cha kijisehemu* (vi-) (dimin. of sehemu) pkys.
kijongo, kigongo (vi-) (dimin. of mgongo) kikaango (vi-) (dimin. of kaango) (cooking-)
— micron.
chakula. tablespoon. cha kupika.
hump, mwenye — . hunchback. pot, frying pan.
serving spoon.
kijisu (vi-) (dimin. of kisu) small knife.
kijoyo (vi-) (dimin. of moyo) 1. - kimoyo. kikabaila*: —a — . adj. great, important,
^kijiko (vi-) dimin. of jiko. —
2. inclination, desire. serikali za the great powers. Cf. ka-
kijitabu* (vi-) (dimin. of kitabu) 1. pamph- ,
baila.
let, brochure. 2. article, essay.
kijimbi: — msitu (vi-) ornith. (species of)
kijukuu (vi-) (dimin. of mjukuu) great-
kingfisher. kikabila* adj. & adv. pertaining to the
kijiti (vi-) (dimin. of ^mti) 1. small tree, grandchild.
bush, shrub. 2. (small) stick, twig, piece people, —a — . people's ..., popular,
kijimea (vi-) (dimin. of mmea) bacterium. national. kabila.
of wood, peg. kijumba (vi-) (dimin. of nyumba) small house, Cf.
hut; booth. — cha simu. telephone booth.

kijimo (vi-) dwarf. (
= mbilikimo, kibeti.)
kijito, kijuto (vi-) (dimin. of mto) small kikaimati* (vi-) 1. (kind of) porridge, gruel
stream, brook, rivulet. kijumbamshale sing, (epithet applied to the) (made of wheat meal). 2. (kind of) pan-
kijina (vi-) (dimin. of jina) gramm. pro-
cake,
swallow. fritter.
^kijitu (vi-) small person; (often contemptu-

kijumbe (vi-) (dimin. of jumbe) intermediary kikaka 1. (vi-) haste, hurry, rush; confu-
kijineno (vi-) (dimin. of neno) prattling ous) little man, wretch. Cf. mtu, jitu.
in arranging a marriage, go-between. Cf. sion, disorder. 2. adv. hurriedly,
(of children), tittle-tattle. Cf. ^nena.
mjumbe, ujumbe. hastily. Cf. kakakaka.
kijitu: —a — . adj. huge, gigantic, ameangu-
dimin. of ^kin ga. kiwa na kijitu cha jiwe. A huge stone fell
kijinga (vi-) kijungu (vi-) see 4|d c lun g U>
|
kikale adj. & adv. ancient, archaic; old-
on him. Cf. jitu.
fashioned, obsolete. Cf. kale.
.
kikirika 199 kikongo

kikalio 198 kikiri
kikalio luxury (cigarettes, to-

kikirika* wrestle, fight; push, shove. Cf. ki- kikoloni* {Engl. J- —a — . colonial, seri-
(vi-) coll. kikaufu see kikavu.
bacco).
kiri. kali ya — . colonial administration. Cf.
Cf. kaa.
koloni.
kikausha (vi-) see -kausha.
kikisa speak fast/indistinctly; be confused/
kikambo adv. like a stepparent. Cf. kambo.
incoherent. oppZ. kikisia. kikomba (vi-) — cha njaa or njaa ya —
kikausho (vi-): —cha wino. blotting paper.
:
kikamulio (vi-) press, squeezer (for extracting kauka.

ravenous hunger, tremendous appetite.
Cf.
kikisia appl. of kikisa. 1 komba.
juice from fruit). C f. ^kama. Cf.
kikavu, kikauvu 1. sing, dryness. 2. adj.

kikanda see kanda. kiko (vi-) (tobacco) pipe. kikombe (vi-) 1. cup (mug, goblet, etc.).
(vi-) & adv. dry; (fig.) cool, reserved. Cf.
Ijtayn, kauka.
2. elec. insulator, vikombe vya simu.
kikande (vi-) kikande (fish similar to sole), = insulators on a telegraph-pole. 3. hub

^kiko (vi-) anat. elbow. ( kivi.)
(of a wheel). (- kinu.) Cf. komba.
kikawaida* —a—, adj. usual, regular,
kikanza (vi-) 1. ( act of) warming up. 2. some- natural. Cf. kawaida.
^kiko loc, sing, he (she, it) is there, kiti
thing which warms. Cf. ^kaanga. kikombo 1. (vi-) bend, curve. 2. (also
—? Is the chair there?
kikombokombo) adv. in a curved/crooked
kikawe (vi-) see kiwe.
kikao (vi-) 1. domicile, residence. — chake way. fig. unintelligibly, maneno ya —
^kikoa (vi-) people doing something in com- unintelligible words. Cf. komba.
Tanga. He lives/resides in Tanga. 2. du- kikaza, kikazo (vi-) 1. fastener (clamp, clip,
ration of one's stay in a place, period of
mon, a thing done in common (meal, collec-
joint, coupling, etc.). 2. lintel (of a door
residence. 3. way /style of life; (social)
tion of money); group, team, kula — . have *kikomo (vi-) (also komo, ma-) 1. end, con-
or window). Cf. kaza.
meals in common. —
position, standing; conduct, behavior, atti- clusion, termination, boundary, goal.
tude, kaa kwa — enema, live on good terms. kikazo (vi-) 1.

= kikaza. 2. pressure. cha uso. forehead. 2. place to stop,
4. section, division, department. 5. ses- stress, accent. kaza. kikoa (vi-) dimin. of ^koa, "koa. stand. 3. grarrrn. object. Cf. * koma.
3. ling, Cf.
sion. — cha Halmashauri. session of par-
liament. *kaa. kikofi (vi-) palm of the hand, handful. Cf.

Cf. kike sing. 1. femininity, —a—, female, ^kikomo* (vi-) dimin. of omo.
— kofi, ukufi.
feminine, mtoto wa — . girl, fanya . be-
kikapu (vi-) {also kapu, ma-) basket. — cha have like a woman. 2. adv. like a woman, kikomunisti*, kikomyunisti {Engl.]' —a—.
karatasi. wastepaper basket. kikohozi (vi-) cough, fit of coughing, aumwa
in a feminine way. Cf. ke. adj. communistic. Cf. mkomunisti, ukomu-
— . He has a cough. Cf. kohoa.
nisti.
kikaratasi*, kikartasi (vi-) (dimin. of kara- = hazama, kishaufu.)
kikero (vi-) nose ring. (
tasi) handbill, broadside, circular. kikoi (vi-) white loincloth (with colored
^kikondo (vi-) kikondo (variety of banana).
border).
kiki* {Engl. J (— ) sport, kick-off (in foot-
kikariri* 1. (vi-) repetition, reiteration.
ball).
^kikondo (vi-) dimin. of mkondo.
2. adv. again, repeatedly, for the ump- kikojozi (vi-), kojozi (— ) person with weak
teenth time, over and over. Cf. kariri.
kikiki adv. firmly, tightly, funga — . fasten kidneys, bed wetter, dawa ya — . diuretic
kikondoo 1. (vi-) (dimin. of kondoo) lamb.
(medicine). Cf. kojoa.
tightly.
2. adv. like a sheep, unresistingly, pa-
kikartasi* (vi-) see kikaratasi.
tiently, meekly. Cf. kondoo.
(— ) struggling, wrestling; pushing, kikoko (vi-) (dimin. of ukoko) rare scurf,
kikiri*
kikatoliki* {.Engl.'] 1. sing. (Roman) Catho- scab.
crowding. Cf. kikirika; also kakara,
lic religion, Catholicism. 2.: —a — . adj. kikongo 1. sing. Kikongo language. 2.: —a
kukuru.
katoliki.
— . adj. Congolese.
(Roman) Catholic. Cf.
kikongwe 200 kikuba
kikucha 201 kikwata
kikongwe 1. (vi-) very old person, one bent ^kikoromeo (vi-) anat. Adam's apple. kikucha (vi-) dimin. of ukucha. kikunja: — jamvi (vi-) court fee, costs.
and feeble from old age, 2. adv.: enda — Cf. ^koroma.
Cf. kunja.
to walk bent over and with difficulty.
kikuchia (vi-) hangnail. Cf. ukucha.
Cf. kongwe, konga. kikororo (vi-) water-pipe, hookah.
kikunje (vi-) see kikunjo.
(- buruma.)
*kikuku (vi-) bracelet, anklet. — cha ku-
kikono (vi-) 1. stump of an arm, deformed kikunjo, kikunje (vi-) 1. fold, crease, seam,
pandia farasi. stirrup.
arm. 2. antenna (of insects ). Cf. mkono. *kikosi (vi-) anat. nape of the neck. Cf. pleat, edge. 2. fig. wrinkle. Cf. kunja.
kosi.
^kikuku (vi-) dimin. of *kuku.
kikonyo (vi-) stalk, stem (of fruit). Cf. kikuta (vi-) {dimin. of ukuta) stone border,
mkono. kikono.
"KiKosi \yi-) mil. unit, troop, squaa, pla- kikuli sing, fright, terror, dread, horror.
toon. — cha askari. a squad of soldiers.

(
= hofu kuu.)
kikope (vi-) 1. dimin. of kope, ukope.
afisa ya vikosi vya jeshi la East Africa, ^kikuti (vi-) chance, opportunity; event.
2. med. inflammation of the eyes, con-
officer of a unit of the East African army. kikulia someone who grew up Cf. Ikuta.
(vi-) in a place
junctivitis, sty ( = chokea).
— cha askari wapanda farasi. cavalry
(but was not born there). Ikua.
Cf.
squadron.
kikuti (vi-) dimin. of kuti.
kikopo (vi-): mtoto — . ruffian, rascal, cheat.
Q kikumbatio (vi-) embrace. Cf. kumbatia.
Cf. kopa.
kikota, kikoto (vi-) stalk of millet (= ^kota).
^kikuto (vi-) something rolled up, roll.
kikumbo (vi-; also kumbo, ma-) push, thrust,
kikopwe (vi-) see kilopwe.
^kikoto (vi-) 1. switch, whip (braided of butt, piga — . shove, jostle, butt. Cf.
^kikuto (vi-) rare hyena (= fisi).
grass or twigs). 2. pigtail, braid (of hair). kumba.
kikora sing., rare joy, rejoicing. Cf. kora.
kikuukuu 1. (vi-) old, worn-out article of

^kikoto (vi-) see kikotwe. kikumbuko sing., rare memory, remembrance.
kikore (vi-) a newly laid out garden or clothing. 2. adj. & adv. useless, worth-
Cf. kumbuka.
field. Cf. kore. less. Cf. kuukuu.
"'kikoto (vi-) see kikota.
kikumi (vi-) ten-cent piece. Cf. kumi.
kikwapa (vi-) 1. see kwapa. 2. perspira-
kikore (vi-) rich/famous person. Cf. kora.
kikotwe, kikoto (vi-) kikotwe (kind of fish). tion (from the armpits), ananuka — . He
kikunazi* LPers.j (vi-) anat., vulg. clitoris
smells of perspiration. 3. armhole (of a
kikorokoro (vi-) 1. rare thing, piece of = kisimi, kinembe). kunazi.
( Cf.
kikozi (vi-) see kozi. garment).
equipment, utensil. 2. (plur.) goods,
chattels, belongings, utensils, appurte- kikundi (vi-) {dimin. of kundi) 1. (small)

kikristo*, kikristu LPort.Pj'- —a — . adj. kikwaru (vi-) cock's spur. (
= kipi.)
nances. = makolokolo.)
( group, clique, circle, vikundi vya muawana.
Christian. Cf. mkristo, Ukristo.
cooperatives, vikundi vya kivita. military
hands ^•kikwata, kwata adv.: enda — . go on foot.
kikorombwe (vi-) call, shout (with the circles. 2. mil. battalion. — cha vifaru.
cupped around the mouth), piga — to call/ ^kikuba*, kiguba (vi-) bundle of aromatic Cf. kiatu, * kwata.
. armored battalion. Cf. kundi.
shout to someone. plants (worn by women at the throat).
kikundu (vi-) med. hemorrhoid(s). Cf. ^kikwata (vi-) a tall thorny shrub (Acacia
^kikoromeo (vi-) a coconut when almost ripe. kikuba* 1. (vi-) dimin. of kuba. 2.: —a—. mkundu. mellifera) used to form hedges.
Cf. Ikoroma. adj. dome-shaped.

kilendo 203 kilinzi
kikwato 202 kilemea
kilendo (vi-) kilendo (kind of fish). kilimwengu sing, internationalism. — ya

kikwato (vi-) dimin. of kwato, ukwato. kile demon, ki- cl. that, kiti — . that chair.
wafanya kazi. proletarian internationalism,
kitabu — . that book.
kilenga (vi-) foetus (in the fourth month). —a — . international, mchafuko wa — . in-
kikwazo (vi-) hindrance, difficulty, impedi-
{- kijusu.) ternational crisis. Cf. ulimwengu.
ment. Cf. kwaa. kilegesambwa 1. (vi-) anau kneecap.
= piayagoti.) 2. prov., arch. Everyone
(
kilenge (vi-) kilenge (a children's game). kilinda (vi-) guard, watchman, protector.
kikwe (vi-): — cha mkono rare elbow. can expect to have bad things said about
Cf. linda.
= kiko [cha mkono J, kivi.) him during his lifetime.
(
kileo (vi-) 1. intoxication. 2. intoxicating
beverage. Cf. lewa. kilindi (vi-) place where water is deep,

kikwi (vikwi, zikwi) 1. crowd, multitude, kileji (vi-) kileji (a cake made of wheat or
channel. Cf. lindi.
countless number. 2. liter, thousand rice meal).
kileti (vi-) 1. handle, (door-)latch, lever.
(only in tales; - elfu).
2. naut. thole, rowlock. 3. stick used in Kilindini sing. Kilindini (the harbor of Mom-
kilele*, kileleta LPers.J (vi-) tip, peak,
rope-making. basa). Cf . kilindi.
kikwifukwifu sing. 1. hiccup. 2. sobbing. highest point. — cha mlima. mountain-
top. — cha mti. treetop. Cf. kinyanga-

kili pi. of ukili. kilindo (vi-) 1. (act of) watching, guarding,
kila*, killa, kula, kulla 1. adj. each, every, lele.
protecting (especially planted fields against
all, entire. — mtu. every person, all
Ikilifu* (vi-) see difu.
birds). 2. watchman's platform (on a plan-
people. — mji. every city, the entire city. kileleta* (vi-) see kilele.
tation). 3. shelter (from rain, etc.).
— mara. every time. 2. adv. ever (gen-
4. storage place. Cf. linda.
eralizing). — aendako. Wherever he goes. kilema (vi-) 1. defect, infirmity, mwenye ^kilifu* see kalifu.
— aendapo. Whenever he goes. — . cripple. — cha mkono. a one-armed

kilinge (vi-) 1. secret meeting-place (of
person. 2. deformed/crippled person. kilihafu (vi-) first stomach (of ruminants).
medicine-men). 2. fig. secretiveness,
lemaa. = kisafu.)
kilabu*, klabu LEngl.l (vi-) 1. club. Cf. (
mystification, maneno ya — . mysterious,
mwanachama wa — . club member. 2, bar.
unintelligible words.
kilemba (vi-) 1. turban, piga— . put on/ kilili (vi-) dimin. of ulili.
kilaji (vi-) food. Cf. *la. wear a turban, vunja — . take off a turban.
1
kilingo (vi-) (dimin. of ulingo) platform
fig. — cha jogoo. cock's comb. 2. praise, kilima (vi-) (dimin. of mlima) hill, knoll.
flattery; reputation, coll. usinivike — cha (for keeping a watch over planted fields).
kilalannngu (vi-) hot. a hardy creeping plant
(Callopsis Yolkensii). ukambaa (ukoka). Don't try to flatter me kilimbili (vi-) wrist; (rare) upper arm.
(lit.: Don't put a turban of grass on my ^kilingo (vi-) 1. notch, cut, mark (on trees,
kilalio (vi-) 1. sleeping-place, bed(stead). head). 3. gift (e.g., that given by a kilimi (vi-) 1. (dimin. of ulimi) anat. uvula to show the way). 2. fig. example, model,
2. evening meal. Cf. lala. bridegroom to his father-in-law), gratuity. 2. med. sore throat. 3. mouthpiece (of a pattern. Cf. Minga.
Cf. mkilemba. wind instrument). 4. fig. bad/abusive
kilalo (vi-) resting-place, shelter. Cf. lala. language. Cf. limi, mlimi, ulimi. "*kilingo (vi-) war drum,
kilembwa (vi-) termination, tip, point.
kilango {dimin. of mlango) 1. narrow — cha titi. nipple. kilimia sing., astr. Pleiades. Cf. lima.
(vi-) kiliniki* (— ) see kliniki.
passage. — cha bahari. strait, channel,
— cha mlima. kilembwe (vi-) great-great-grandchild. kilimo (vi-) 1. agriculture, cultivation.

narrows, fairway, waterway. kilinzi (vi-) bracelet of beads.
ravine, defile, bottleneck. 2. valve. 2. produce, crop(s). Cf. Mima.
kilemea: — nembo. (vi-) bot. a shrub
(Cremaspora africana).
. . .
kimanc 205 kimea

kilic 204 cimangari
kimango (vi-) round grinding stone (for grind- heels, kukimbia kwa kupeana. relay race.
kilio (vi-) 1. sound. 2. cry, scream; weep- kimacho, kimachomacho adj. & adv. ing flour, etc.). Cf. mango. intr. kimbika. pass, kimbiwa. appl. kimbilia.
ing, lamentation, mourning. 3. gramm. in- 1. alert, wide awake, lala — . lie (stay)
1. run to someone. 2. run up. kimbilia roho.
terjection. awake. 2. open, frank, alisema naye —
Cf. lia. kimanjano: -a — . adj. yellow, rangi ya — save someone's life, appl.-caus. kimbiliza.
He spoke frankly with him. Cf. jicho.
yellow pigment (dye, paint). Cf. manjano. 1. save oneself. 2. (w. int. force) hurry,
kill a* see kila.
hasten, kimbiliza kazi. work fast, kimbiliza
kimachomacho see kimacho. kimarekani* see kiamerika. maneno. talk very fast (and unintelligibly).
kilo* LEngl. J (-) kilogram.
caus. kimbiza. 1. put someone to flight.
kimagamaga adv. very fast, in a hurry. kimaridadi* adj. see kimalidadi. 2. help someone escape, abduct someone.
kilometa* \_Engl. J (— ) kilometer. nilipomwona alikuwa anakw enda — . When
caus.-refl. jikimbiza. hide, remain in hiding.
1 saw him, he was in a great hurry. kimasliamba* 1. sing, language/manners/ Cf. kimbilio, kimbio, kimbizi, mkimbiaji,
kilopwe, kikopwe (vi-) bot. kilopwe (shrub, Cf. magamaga. customs of the agricultural peoples. 2.: mkimbizi.
Jaquemontia capitata). -a — . adj. rural, rustic; rude, crude, rough.
kimaji, kimajimaji adj. & adv. watery, wet,
Cf, shamba, kimbilio (ma-) 1. refuge, hiding-place, shelter.
kilotia (vi-) see kidotia. damp, swampy, misty, steamy. Cf. maji.
2. fig. help, salvation. Cf. kimbia.
kimasomaso sing, pretext, excuse, pretence,
kilua (vi-) flower of a species of liana. kimajimaji see kimaji.
evasion, dissimulation, hypocrisy, fanya — kimbimbi sing, gooseflesh. (
= msisimko.)
Cf. mkilua. be evasive, make excuses, pretend. fanya — . shiver (from cold).
kimako sing, astonishment, amazement.
kiludhu*, kuludhu (-) velvet. Cf. maka.

kimatu (vi-) young locust. Cf. matumatu, kimbio, kimbiombio adv. at full speed, on the
tunutu. double, quickly, hastily. Cf. kimbia.
kilunzi sing, kilunzi (a secret language in kimalidadi*, kimaridadi: —a — . adj. elegant,
which the final syllables of words become fashionable; (pej.) overdressed. Cf. ma-
kimau (vi-) uniform shirt (with short sleeves). kimbiombio see kimbio.
the first). lidadi.
kimavi: — eha kuku. bot. variety of weed kimbizi: maji ya — . rushing/turbulent water,
kiluwiluwi (vi-) 1. insect larva. 2. tadpole. kitnanda (vi-) 1. {rare kiwanda) omelet,
(Ageratum conyzoides, sometimes used as torrent. Cf. kimbia.
scrambled eggs. 2. a trial by ordeal
a vegetable).
— chake (the parties are given bread to eat; the

Ikima* (vi-) 1. price, value. kadiri kimbugibugi (vi-) bot. kimbugibugi (variety of
guilty person is supposed to be unable to
gani? Howmuch is it worth? 2. measure; kimazeru (vi-) see zeru. grass, Dactylotenium aegyptiacum).
swallow it). Cf. manda.
size, stature. Cf. kimo.
kimba (vi-) ]. rare corpse (= maiti). anguka kimbunga (vi-) 1. storm, whirlwind, hurricane,
Kimanga* rare (
= Kiarabu) 1. sing, the
^kima (— ) kima (kind of monkey, Cercopithe- kimba kimba. lose consciousness, faint. typhoon. 2. fig.: — cha nyama. rinderpest,
Arabic language. 2. adv. in the Arab
cus pygerythrus). 2. heap of dung/excrement. hoof-and-mouth disease.
manner. 3.: —a — . adj. Arab, Arabic,
o
Arabian. Cf. Manga,
kimbaombao (vi-) 1. kimbaombao (kind of kimburu (vi-) 1. half-wild cat. (= shume.)
^kima* LPers.^\ (-) minced meat.
chameleon). 2. coll. tall, thin person. Cf. 2. rare mongoose. (= nguchiro.)
kimangalingali see kingalingali.
bao.
kimaada* adj. right, correct, true; genuine;
kimea (vi-) sprouted seed of grain (used for
fitting, proper; due. kimangari (vi-) bot. kimangari fhardy plant,
kimbia run away, take flight, escape. — mbio, making beer). Cf. mea.
Ramphicarpa veronicaefolia).
coll. beat a hasty retreat, take to one's
kimele 206 kimwinvi
kins
kimwinyi see kimwenye.

stature/height of a person.
were satisfied, fig. be satiated/surfeited;
kimelea (vi-) 1. a parasitic plant. 2. a plant/ 2. tape measure,
measuring tape. feel disgust/loathing, amekinai.
tree which grows wild, Cf. mea. Cf. kima. 1. He has
kimwitu 1. (vi-) dimin. of mwitu. 2. adv. in a had enough (to eat). 2. He is surfeited/has
wild/uncultivated manner. 3.: -a -. adj. of no appetite,
kimene sing, pride, arrogance; contempt, intr. kinaika. caus. kinaisha.
^kimo loc. be in something.
the jungle, wild.
Cf. kinaifu, kinaya, mkinaifu, ukinaifu.
disdain. Cf. mena.
kimondo (vi-) see kimwondo.

kimwondo, kimondo (vi-) {also - cha nyota) kinaifu* adj. self-contented, complacent,
kimenomeno (vi-) disease of the teeth (thrush, fig.
astr. shooting star, meteor. proud, arrogant. Cf. kinai.
pyorrhea). Cf. jino.
kimoyo, kimoyomoyo (vi-) {dimin. of moyo)
1. grief, sorrow, pain. 2. med. heart disease.

kimwondo kinakilo* sing, carbon paper, tracing paper.
kimerimeti (vi-) see kimeti. (vi-) rare stupid person fnnL
= mjinga.) Cf. nakili.
(
kimeta, kimete, kimetameta (vi-) 1. radiance, kimoyomoyo see kimoyo.

kinamasi, kinamassi (vi-) 1. slime, slimy
glitter, sparkle, brightness. 2. spark. Cf. kimya, kimia 1. sing, calm, quiet, prov.
substance (mucilage, swamp,
1
Kimrima* sing, coast language (- Swahili).
— kingi kina mshinda mkuu. Great calm is
etc.). 2.
marsh.
followed by a great storm, nyamaza — be
Cf. mrima. .
kimetameta (vi-) see kimeta. silent, keep silence. 2. adv. (also kimya-
kinamassi (vi-) see kinamasi.
kimu* 1. lsl. begin prayer (in a mosque). kimya) still, quiet.
kimete (vi-) see kimeta. 2. provide with food/clothing. 3. harp on (a

kinamisa (-) rare deep/dead silence.
subject). Cf. mkimu. kimyakimya see kimya 2.
kimeti, kimetimeti, kimerimeti (vi-) glowworm,

kinamo sing, flexibility, pliancy, plasticity.
firefly. Cf. meta. kimua see kimwa. ^kina (vi-) (great) depth. - cha bahari. deep
udongo wa — . potter's clay. Cf. nama.
place in the ocean, a deep. Cf. mwina.
kimi (— ) pay, wage(s). — cha chini. minimum kimulimuli, kimurimuri (vi-) 1. glowworm, firefly,
kinana (vi-) kinana (kind of yam).
wage. 2. will-o'-the-wisp. Cf. mulika. 2 kina*
(-) see akina.
kinanasi (vi-) kinanasi (variety of grass).

^kimia (vi-) 1. (fine) network, netting. 2. net, kimurimuri (vi-) see kimulimuli.
j kina* (vi-) liter, rhyme, tunga (tia) vina.
casting net. make rhymes, write poetry, kinanda
shairi la (lenye) (vi-) 1. stringed instrument (a kind of
Kimvita sing. Swahili dialect of Mombasa.
vina. rhyming poem. banjo). 2. piano. 3. harmonium, (parlor-)
Cf. Mvita, Mmvita.
^kimia (— ) see kimya. organ. 4. mouth organ. 5.: - cha rekodi.
kinaa* (— ) see kinaya. record player. 6. ornith. (species of) finch
kimwa, kimua 1. fly into a rage, become violent.
{dimin. of umio) 1. anat. uvula.
= binti chuma).
kimio (vi-) (
2. be out of sorts/discontented. Cf. mkimwa,

2. med. sore throat, tonsillitis. kinaganaga adv. 1. personally, oneself, kuja
ukimwa.
— .
to come oneself/personally. 2. thoroughly, 'kinanga (-) kinanga (kind of drum).
kimkumku 1. sing., rare madness, insanity, in detail, eleza — . explain in detail.
kimwenye, kimwinyi sing, free, comm.)
lunacy. = wazimu, kichaa.) 2. (— ) rare
(
feudalism. Cf. enye, mwenye. 'kinanga* (vi-) dimin. of nanga.
lie, falsehood. (
= uwongo.) kinagiri (vi-) (gold) pendant (on a necklace).
kimwezi (vi-) {dimin. of mwezi) artificial satel-

^kinara* (vi-) 1. (dimin. of mnaraj candlestick.
*kimo* (vi-) 1. measure, size; height, kinai* have enough, be satisfied, wamekula
lite, sputnik {lit.: little moon). 2. platform, podium (usually
mpaka wamekinai. for Moslem reli-
stature; altitude. — cha mtu. the size/ They ate until they
gious observance in the open air). Cf. nuru.
208 kingama kingana 209 kinjuri(n)juri
kingana ass. of înga. Kingozi

2 kinara* ilnd. J (vi-) embroidery (on the kinegwa, kinega (vi-) ornith. swallow. sing. Old Swahili (the language of
Malindi and Pate, preserved in poetry).
collar of a kanzu).
= kisimi.) Kingazija sing, language of the Comoro
kinembe (vi-) anat. clitoris. (
Islands. Cf. Ngazija, Mngazija. kingu* [£ng/.] (-) king.

kinaya*, kinaa — ( ) independence, self-
sufficiency; (fig.) self-content, compla- kinena (vi-) anat. groin, mons veneris. Cf.
2 kingilizi (-) see kingio. kingubwa (vi-) see kingugwa.
cency; arrogance, conceit. Cf. kinai. nena, manena.
kingio, kingo, kingilizi (-, ma-) protection, kingugwa, kingubwa (vi-) spotted hyena.
kinda 1. (ma-) {also mkinda, mi-, wa-) Ikinga 1. protect, ninajikinga macho na jua.
cover, screen, shield. - ya taa. lampshade,
young of animals/birds. Originally only I protect my eyes from the sun. 2. check,
ikinf
iga. kingune
— 1
la
I
HUCfC.
- _! . :
V.11K.H.
-1-
nwû
m _;--
....
-
l '
•" "ft «..«>,.
u„
obstruct, stop, nipishe usmikinge. uon't
Cf. (vi-) stunted tree.
calf. — la farasi. foal, colt. 2. adj. young, stand in my way. 3. fig. contradict, object,
kingiza caus. of kinga. kinguo (vi-) {dimin. of nguo) small piece (of
immature, mnazi mkinda. young coconut oppose. 4. intercept, catch, collect. —
cloth), rag.
palm. mvua. collect rainwater, caus. kingiza.
kingo (-) 1. see kingio. 2. threshold, door-
defend, refl.-caus. jikingiza. defend one-
step, sill. 3. fig., med. cataract. 4. pi. Kingwana sing. Congo Swahili. (= kiungwana.)
of
kindakindaki adv. above, up(wards), aloft. self, stat. kingama. be between, be in the
ukingo. Cf. ^kinga, ukingo.
(= juujuu.) way; cut across, intersect, ass. kingana.
ikini*, kinika be true, be probable.
protect each other; oppose each other. 5. Cf. yakini.
kingoe, kigoe (vi-) 1. hooked stick (for pulling
kindana dial, object, protest, aliambiwa (— check, obstruction, means of protection,
)
down the branches of fruit trees). 2. rec. 2 kini (vi-)

see 1
ahame lakini alikindana. He was told that he screen, safety-device; protection, defense, kiini.
golf club. Cf. ngoeka.
had to-move, but he protested. Cf. kindano; aid. Cf. kingio, kingo, mkinga, mkingaji,
also kinga, kinza. mkingamo, mkingiko, ukingo. kinika* see *kini.

kingojeo (vi-) see kingojo.
kining'ina, kinying'ina (vi-) great-great-grand-

kindanindani adv. surreptitiously, furtively, 2kinga (_) 1, piece of firewood, log. 2. f
kingojezi (vi-) see kingojo. child.
secretly, cheka -. laugh furtively, vita ya brand, prov. — na — ndipo moto uwakapo.
— . partisan warfare. Cf. ndani Log after log keeps the fire burning.
kingojo, kingojeo, kingojezi (vi-) 1. keeping, kinini* (-) see kwinini.
saving, preservation. 2. watching, guarding.
kindano (ma-) (dial.) objection, protest. Cf.
Ikingaja (vi-) bracelet (of grains or seeds or
kaa (linda) -. keep watch/guard. 3. sentry kinjia, kijia, kajia (vi-) {dimin. of njia)
kindana.
of glass beads). post, guard station. Cf. ngoja. narrow road/street, path. Cf. ja.
kindi {dial, chindi, sindi) (-) squirrel.

^kingaja (vi-) back of the hand. king'ong'o sing, talking through the nose.
kinjorinjori, kinjurinjuri, kinjorijori, kinjurijuri
ana — He
. talks through his nose. Cf.
kindoro (vi-) 1. red pigment. 2. red sweet- (-) style of cutting the hair (one tuft is left
kingalingali, kimangalingali adv. backwards, ng'ong'a.
potato, muhogo wa -. sweet manioc. 3.: long). Cf. njorinjori.
on the back, lala — . to lie on one's back.
kofia ya -. red cap, fez.
kingoringori, kinjorinjori adv. lengthwise,
2 kinjorinjori see kingoringori.
kingama stat. of kinga. longitudinally. Cf. njorinjori.
kindu (-) kindu (fruit of the mkindu).
kinjuri(n)juri (-) see kinjorinjori.

king'oto (-) see kigogota.
kindugu see kidugu.
210 kinverenyere kinyesi 211
kinofu kinv
comedy, farce, masquerade. kinyesi, kinyezi (vi-), nyesi

kinofu (vi-) (dimin.- of mnofu) piece/bite of kinyago (vi-) 1. (ma-) excreta, kinyozi, mnyozi (vi-) barber, hairdr
3. kind of dance excrement, feces.
meat. 2. comedian, clown, joker. Cf. nya. Cf. nyoa.
(performed at the initiation rites of children).
kinokero (vi-) gazelle, impala. (= 4 paa.) 4. scarecrow. Cf. manyago, unyago. kinyevu sing. see kinyenyevu. kinyuma see kinyume.
Cf. nona. kinyakuzi (vi-) see kigwaru. 2 kinyevu

kinono (vi-) a (young) fatted animal. sing, tickling, itching; prurience,
kinyumba (vi-) (dimin. of nyumba) 1. concubine
lasciviousness. kaa (or ishi) -. live with a woman.
Cf. 'nyea. 2. pi.
kinyama 1. (vi-) dimin. of mnyama. 2. adv.
kinoo (vi-) 1. whetstone, grindstone, knife household utensils, -a _. household...,
like an animal, in a brutish/coarse way. Cf.
sharpener. 2. fig. bar (of soap). Cf. noa. domestic.
kinyevu (vi-) see kigwaru.
mnyama.
kinsuiri (vi-) rare ring finger. kinyevunyevu (vi-) see kinyumbu (vi-) see nyumbu.
kinyenyevu.
kinyamkela (vi-) wind spirit, pepo ya -. whirl-
press, mill. — cha moshi. wind. kinyezi sing. see kinyesi. kinyume, kinyuma
kinu (vi-) 1. mortar, sing. 1. back part, rear;
steam engine. - cha taa (stimu). power background; reversal, inversion, msemo
point, tip, summit, peak, kinying'inga (vi-) see kining'inga.
- cha kushindikia mafuta. mold for kinyangalele (vi-)
wa -. thieves' Latin (produced by moving
plant.
- cha kuchambulia pamba. top. Cf. kilele. the last syllable of each
pressing butter. kinyo (vi-) word to the begin-
anat. anus ( = mkundu).
Cf. nya.
cotton gin. 2. hub (of a wheel, bicycle, ning; cf. kihunzi). 2. opposite, contrary;
kinyangalika, kinyangarika sing, a nondescript/
etc.). 3.: vinu. coll. machinery. antithesis, habari ya -. a contrary report.
useless/meaningless thing. Cf. nyangalika, kinyonga (vi-) med. lameness caused by
3. result, consequence. 4. adv. back-
mnyangalika. disease/injury of the hip. Inyonga,
1. sing. Nubian language, -a -. Cf. wards, behind;
Kinubi* in the opposite/contrary
unyonga.
Nubian. 2. (vi-) Kinubi (Nubian musical vay. mpango wa -. reverse order.
nyegere. Cf.
kinyegele, kinyegere (vi-) see
instrument similar to a harp). 3.: -a -. adj. 1,
'nyuma.
Nubian, Sudanese. Cf. Mnubi. kinyonga (vi-) chameleon. (= kigeugeu.)
kinyegenyege sing, prurience, lasciviousness.
kinyunga sing, dough.
kinuka: - jio (-) kind of flower (four o'clock, Cf. nyega. kinyonge 1. (vi-) misery, wretchedness; de-
Miribilis jalapa). pravity. 2. adv. miserably, wretchedly. kinyunya (vi-) confection, piece of candy/
kinyegere (vi-) see nyegere.
kaa -. to live wretchedly/in poverty, cake. Cf. nyunyiza.
lia
{dimin. of nundu) (small) -. to cry piteously.

kinundu 1. (vi-) Cf. nyonge.
pushbutton. kinyeleo, kinyweleo (vi-); nyeleo, nyweleo,
lump, hump; tubercle; (fig.) kinywa, kinwa, kanwa (vi-) mouth, throat.
bumpy, unyweleo (ma-) pore (of the skin). Cf. nya,
2. (also kinundunundu) adj./adv. kinyongo sing. 1. whim, mood; fad; melan- kwa -. orally. - wazi. with open mouth.
nywa. choly, mwenye -. nywa.
uneven. hypochondriac. Cf.
2. qualms, scruples; aversion, prov.
kinyemi, nyemi 1. (-) something good/
kinundunundu see kinundu. mpenzi hana -. A lover has no scruples. kinywaji, kinyweo, kinywewa (vi-) beverage,
pleasant. 2. adj. & adv. good, pleasant.
3. bitterness, vindictiveness. 2
Cf. nyonga, drink. Cf. nywa.
kinusi (-) see ^hunusi. nyonge.
kinyenyevu, kinyevunyevu sing, moistness,
kinyweleo (vi-) see kinyeleo.
kinwa (vi-) see kinywa. dampness. Cf. nya. kinyong'onyo sing,
1. fatigue, weariness,
weakness. 2. adv. weakly, wearily, enda kinyweo (vi-) 1. see kinywaji.

kinyaa (vi-) 1. something which causes disgust: kinyerenyere ad v . gently, calmly, slowly,
2. drinking-
-. to walk along wearily. Cf. nyong'onyea. vessel. Cf. nywa.
discharge, secretion; excrement;
filth. 2.
disgust, repugnance. Cf. nyara.

kioto 213 kipanga
kin? 212 kioteo
kioto (vi-) see kiota.

kiongozi (vi-) 1. leader, guide; conductor kipakasa sing, gift of the bridegroom to the
kinza retort, object, protest; check, obstruct.
leadership, bride after entering the bedroom
ass. kinzana. kinzana na mtu. quarrel (of a band, orchestra). 2. . Cf. *kipa.
kiowe (vi-) see yowe.
kinzani, kinzano, vanguard. Cf. ongoa.
with someone. Cf.
kipaku (vi-), paku (-) 1. spot of color.
mkinzani, ukinzani; and also kinga.
see kihongwe. kioza sing, decay, rottenness; badness; 2. adj. spotted, speckled.
kiongwe (vi-) Cf. *paka.
(med.) gangrene. - cha matunda. decay
kinzani adj. obstinate, refractory; quarrel-
- small beard below of fruit, ana - ndani. He has a bad kipamba* [Pers.J (vi-) (also upamba, -)
kionja (vi-): mchuzi. fig.
some. Cf . kinza.
'gravy-taster'). character. tuft of cotton, (small piece of) lint, wadding,
the lip, imperial (lit.: Cf. oza.
cotton-wool. Cf. Upamba.
contra- Cf. onja.
kinzano (ma-) {usually makinzano)
(..: \ .L-.
~u gives [w. ]ou. n.j.
diction, objection, protest; obstruction, kipambio
taste, sample (of food, etc.).
(vi-) see kipambo.
kionjo (vi-) 1.: — mkono. present given by the bride-
obstacle. Cf. kinza.
Cf. onja. groom to the bride before he enters the
kipambo, kipambio (vi-) 1. decoration, orna-
bedroom for the first time. 2.: - imara
*kio (vi-) see kioo. ment. 2. furnishings, appointments (of a
kionyo (vi-) rare characteristic, sign, in- Ipa.
rel. confirmation. Cf.
ona. house). Cf, Upamba.
dication, allusion, hint, warning. Cf.
2 kio 2 kioo.
(vi-) see
kipa* LEngl.j (ma-) doorkeeper, porter; kipanda (vi-) dial. see panda.
ikioo, kio (vi-) (sheet/pane of) glass, (- cha
(sport) goalkeeper.
kioga, kiyoga (vi-) see uyoga.
kujitazamia) mirror. - cha dirisha. win-
kipande (vi-) (also mpande, mi-)
dowpane. - cheupe. clear glass.
1. piece, part, portion. —
ornith. blue roller. kipaa (vi-) (dimin. of 3 paa) edge, side, cha nyama.
kiogajivu (vi-)
slope (of a roof). - cha mbele (nyuma). a piece of meat. 2. fragment, splinter.
2 kioo, kio (vi-) rare fishhook. (= ndoana.) 2 3. instrument, equipment. — cha kupimia.
kiogeo (vi-) bathtub. Cf. oga. front (back) slope of a roof. Cf. paa.
surveying instrument. 4. arch, card on
kioja (vi-) see kiroja.
kiopoo (vi-) hook, stick/pole with a hooked Z kipaa which the daily work of a laborer is re-
(vi-) see kipara.
end; handle (of a pump). Cf. opoa. corded kazi ya — . work by the day.
kiokosi, kiokozi (vi-) reward given the Cf. pande, pandikizi, upande.
kipago (vi-) 1. step, rung (of a ladder).
finder of a lost object. Cf. okota.
kiosha (vi-) 1. -miguu. (ceremonial wash-
2. threshold, doorstep, sill.
a mar-
ing of the feet (on the occasion of kipandikizo (vi-) see pandikizo.
foundling (child). Cf. okota. wedding for
kiokote (vi-) riage). 2. payment made at a
i
kipaji (vi-) 1. gift, present, donation. = kipago.)
such ceremonial washing. Cf. osha. kipandio (vi-) rung of a ladder. (
2. fig. ability, talent, endowment, ana - ipanda.
Ikiokozi (vi-) (act of) recovering/saving/ Cf.
kwa lugha. He has a gift for languages.
Tikoa. kiosho (vi-) 1. (act of, place for) washing.
rescuing. Cf.
2. what is needed for washing; (usually Cf. V- kipandisho (vi-) mus. sharp sign. Cf. 1 panda.
washing utensils. Cf. osha.
2 kiokozi (vi-) see kiokosi. viosho)
2 kipaji (dimin. of 2 paji) -
(vi-) 1.: cha ^kipanga kipanga
(vi-) (a bird of prey, Falco
nest, roost (of fowls). uso. forehead, brow temple. 2. a cos-
pattern, sample, specimen,
,
kiota, kioto (vi-) Dickensoni).
kiolezo (vi-)
2 ota. metic or beauty patch applied to the fore-
example; samplerfsewmg, embroidery). Cf.
head or temple.
Cf. oleza. ^kipanga (vi-) horsefly.
see 2 oteo.
kioteo (vi-)
l.(vi-) dimin. of omo (a/so kikomo).

kiomo*
2. adv. straight ahead.
. .
kipanga 214 kipeo

215 kipindi
dimin. of upanga. "kipawa (vi-) dimin. of upawa.

^kipanga (vi-) •'kipeo (vi-) rare broom, brush. (= ufagio.) 1
kipilipili (vi-) kipilipili (kind of edible fish).
Cf. ^pea.
kipee (vi-) see kipele.
kipanya (vi-) (dimin, of *panya) mouse. 2
= panya mdogo.)
kipilipili* \_Pers.1 adj. & adv. 1. peppery,
( kipepeo (vi-) 1. fan, (recent) ventilator.
peppered; resembling peppercorns, nywele
kipele, kipee (vi-) {dimin. of upele)
2. butterfly. 3. kipepeo (kind of fish,
za — anthr. peppercorn hair. 2.
(act, means, etc., of) ascending/ pimple, pustule; (pi.) rash. .
fig.
kipao (vi-) Zanclus cornutus ). Cf. pepa.
2 clever, shrewd. Cf. pilipili.
mounting. Cf. paa.
kipembe, kipembepembe adj. & adv. angular;
kipepo 1. sing, (gentle) breeze. 2. adj. kipima (vi-) measure(ment), measuring instru-
kipapa (vi-) 1. trembling, shudder, tremor. notched, serrated; bent, crooked. Cf.
o ghostly, ghostlike, anasema — . He speaks " — ;o.o.
papa.
...er:r.c:r.ete:'. utcr.go.
2. med. chill, ague. Cf. "pembe.
unclearly/confusedly. Cf. pepa. rangefinder. Cf. pima, kipimo.
kipapae (vi-) witchcraft, black magic. kipembepembe see kipembe.

kipera, kiperea (vi-) small canoe (for two kipimio (vi-) scale (of a map). Cf. pima.
people).
kipapatiko, kipapato (vi-) tip of a bird's wing kipendo (vi-) rare love, affection, devotion.
papa. = upendo.) penda. kipimo (vi-) 1. measure(ment), instrument

or of a single feather. Cf. ( Cf.
kiperea (vi-) see kipera.
for measuring, gauge. — cha jasho. baro-
kipapato (vi-) see kipapatiko. kipendwa (vi-) see kipenzi.

meter. — cha homa. fever thermometer.
kipete (vi-) ferrule, ring. Cf. peta. — cha volta. voltmeter. — cha maji. water
bald spot, bald head; rare whistle. gauge. — cha urefu. linear measure. — cha
kipara, kipaa (vi-) kipenga, kipyenga (vi-)
kipeto (vi-) 1. container (bag, box, case).
2 para. = ujazo (nafasi). cubic (dry /liquid) measure.
(rel.) tonsure. Cf. filimki, uluzi, miunzi.) —
(
cha barua. 2. rare envelope. Cf.
— cha eneo. square/surface measure.
*peta.
— cha uzito. weight measure. — cha wa-
kipasha: - mto (vi-) heater, hot plate. kipenge, kipengee, kipengele, kipengere (vi-)
kati. measurement of time. 2. size

Cf. pata. see pengee.
kipi (vi-) cock's spur. Cf. kipia.
(of shoes, clothes, etc.). Cf. upinda.
kipasuasanda (vi-) kipasuasanda (kind of kipenu (vi-) 1. see upenu. 2. side cabin
kipia (vi-) I. top, tip (of a mountain, tower).
kipinda 1. (vi-) {also pindi, pinda, ma-)
bird). Cf. pasua, sanda. (of a ship).
2. post, pillar (supporting a ceiling). cadaver, carcass (of an animal that has
3. fig. see kipi. died a natural death).
perforation, hole (through 2. adv.: kufa —
Kipate sing. Swahili dialect of the island of kipenyo (vi-) 1.
die a natural death. Cf. upinda.
Pate. something), aperture, break (in a hedge,
kipigi, kipiki (vi-) small stick (thrown to
etc.). 2. socket. 3. axis (of a globe,
knock down fruit). Cf. piga, Ipikipiki. kipindi (vi-) (unit, period of) time, period,
earnings, receipts, pay, wages, nusu-kipenyo. 1.
kipato (vi-) etc.), diameter (of a circle),
moment. - cha asubuhi. (in the) morning.
salary. - cha shirika. fin. dividend. radius. Cf. penya.
kipigo (vi-) blow, stroke, thrust, impact. kila — or — chote. at all times, always.
Cf. pata.
alipata — kikuhwa. He got a good thrash- kwa vipindi. periodically, regularly, —a —
kipenzi, kipendwa (vi-) favorite, pet.
ing. Cf. piga. temporary, for the time being. 2. set time,
present. 2. fig. Cf. penda.
ikipawa (vi-) 1. gift,
definite period of time. — cha masoma.
1
talent. Cf. pa. kipiki, kipikipiki (vi-) dimin. of pikipiki. period of instruction. 3. med. attack, fit.
Ikipeo (vi-) 1. apex, vertex, peak, tip.
— cha homa. attack of fever, homa ya vi-
- cha macho, horizon. 2. ideal. o
fig. =
2 kipawa (vi-) step, rung (of a ladder). kipila (vi-) ornith. curlew. ( '
sululu.) pindi. intermittent fever. 4. sport time,
1
Cf. pea.
{- kipago, kipandio.) count. 5. (radio) program. 6. adv. for
the present, for the time being. Cf. pinda.

kipo 217 kipuzi
216 kipora
kipindo
kiporo (vi-) (also uporo)

kipindo (vi-) 1. wrapper. 2. fold (of cloth- kipito (vi-) means of getting through, passage. leftovers (of food). kipumbu (vi-) med. scrotal hernia, orchitis,
ing). 3. winding-sheet (for a corpse). pita. varicocele. Cf. pumbu.

Cf.
kiporomoko see poromoko.
4. bag, pocket, purse. Cf. pinda.
kipo loc. be there, kiti — barazani. The kipumziko sing, rest(ing-place), recreation,
kipozamataza (vi-) ornith. clapper lark. refreshment.
kipindua (vi-): — cha reli. railw. switch. chair is there on the veranda. Cf. pumua.
Cf. pinda.
kipofu. 1. (vi-) (rare mpofu, wa-) a blind
kiprotestanti* [.Engl. ]: -a-, adj.
kipungu (vi-) 1. eagle. 2. osprey.
Protestant.
Ikipindupindu (vi-) 1. outbreak; spasm , con- person. 2. adj. & adv. blind(ly), heed-
less(ly), reckless(ly). Cf. pofua. 2 kipungu

vulsion. 2. med. epidemic, cholera. (vi-) kipungu (kind of fish).
kipua 1. (vi-) dimin. of ^na. 2. rufi, :
— cha nyama. rinderpest. Cf. pinda.
through the nose, nasally,
alternately, by turns, in suc-
sema -. speak
kipokee adv.
through the nose/with a nasal twang. kipunguo (vi-) 1. reduction, decrease.
cession. Cf. pokea.
^kipindupindu adv. headlong, head over
2. absence, lack, shortage. Cf. 2p un g a#
heels. Cf. pinda, pindu. kipuku, kipukupuku adv. in great quantity,

kipokeo (vi-) mus. accompaniment, refrain.
kipunguzi (vi-) deduction, discount, rebate.
in abundance, without number, watu wa-
Cf. pokea. 2 punga.
kipinga (vi-): - hatari. safety precaution/ nakufa — maradhi. The people perished in
Cf.
device. Cf. pinga. great numbers from an epidemic. Cf. pu-

^kipolepole see polepole. kipunjo 1. (vi-) short weight.
kuta. 2. adv. de-
ceitfully, slyly, craftily, cheka -. laugh
kipingamizi (vi-) rare difficulty, obstacle,
^kipolepole (vi-) kipolepole (kind of butter- slyly. Cf. punja.

impediment. Cf. pinga. kipukupuku see kipuku.
fly).
thickening; joint, kipupa sing, (excessive) eagerness, haste.

kipingili, kipingiri (vi-) 1. ^kipukusa (vi-) 1. falling, dropping (of
portion between two
— cha kula. greediness, gluttony. — cha
node (of plants). 2. ^kipondo (vi-) dimin. of pondo. leaves, fruit). 2. fig. downfall, ruin.
- cha mkono. lower
kazi. zeal in one's work, kwa — . eagerly,
nodes or joints, fig. 3. med. epidemic, pestilence. Cf. pu-
zealously. Cf, pupa.
arm. - cha mguu. shinbone. Cf. pinga,
see kipondwe. kuta.
^kipondo (vi-)
pingua.
kipupwe (vi-) 1. cool season (June-August).
kipondwe, kipondo sing, a dish prepared of ^kipukusa (vi-) wood-boring beetle. Cf. pu- 2. a cool wind blowing during this season.
kipingiri (vi-) see kipingili.
crushed grain and grated coconut. Cf.
kuta.
ponda.
kipure (-) ornith. (variety of) dove (with red
kipingo (vi-) 1. obstruction, barrier, hurdle.
necklace, ^kipukusa (vi-) see kipukute. at the throat and beneath the wings).
peg, bar, bolt. 3. pin. 4.
2.
kiponya (vi-) medicine, remedy. Cf. pona.
bracelet (of beads). Cf. pinga.
kipukute, kipukusa (vi-) kipukute (variety kipusa (vi-) 1. small tusk (of a rhinoceros).
kipooza 1. sing, (also upooza) insensi-
of banana). Cf. pukusa. 2. coll. pretty girl.
kipingu (vi-) dimin. of pingu. bility; (med.) paralysis. 2. adj. & adv.
paralyzed, helpless. Cf. pooza.

kipuli (vi-) kipuli (ear-pendant) kipuzi (vi-) bauble, trinket, worthless thing.
kipingwa (vi-) bar, bolt (on a door). Cf.
Cf. puza.
pinga. kipopo (vi-) moth, butterfly. (= kipepeo 2.)
kipumba (vi-) see kibumba.
Cf. popo.
kipini (vi-) 1. handle, haft, hilt (of tool,
knife, sword, etc.). 2. ornament worn in

pora.
kipora (vi-) see
the ear or nose. Cf. mpini.
. . . .
lpwa 218 kirikhi kirimba 219 kisafu
kirimba (vi-) 1. cage (for a bird or animal)

kipwa (vi-) dry place (rock, etc.) left by the kireaktive* L Engl. J' ndege ya — . jet air- kirumbizi, kiumbizi (vi-) ornith. golden
\- kizimba); (fig.) meat safe, refrigerator. oriole.
tide, shallow place; (pL)reei, sandbank. plane.
2. frame (of a door or window), sill/lintel.
Cf. pwa.
kirehani (vi-) kirehani (variety of sweet ^kirumbizi, kiumbizi (vi-) kirumbizi (kind of
(species of) shrike potato). kirimu*, kerimu 1. entertain, give presents dance or mock fight with sticks).
kipwe (— ) ornith.
to a person. 2. be hospitable/generous.
(Dryoscopus senegalensis).
appl. kirimia.
kirembo 1. (vi-) (dimin. of rembo) ornament, intr. kirimika. pass, kiri- Kirumi* 1. sing. Latin (language). 2. —a —
kipwepwe (vi-) med. skin-eruption, rash decoration; beauty spot (line, etc., on the miwa. Cf. karama, karamu, karimu, mkari- adj. Roman, Latin, kanisa la — . the
(applied chiefly to a symptom of leprosy). face). 2. adv. elegantly, with fine clothes, mu, ukarimu. Roman (Catholic) Church. Cf. Rumi, Mruma.
kipyenga see kipenga. kirungu (vi-) (dimin. of rungu) knob (of a

(vi-) kirimu* L Engl. J (— ) cream, rangi ya —
Kireno* [ Port. J 1. sing, the Portuguese cream-colored, pale yellow. radio, etc.).
kirafiki* adv. in a friendly manner. Cf. language. 2.: —a — . adj. Portuguese.
rafiki. Cf. Reno. kiroboto (vi-) flea. Kirusi*, Kirussi 1. sing. Russian language.
2.: —a — . adj. Russian. Cf. Mrusi, Urusi.
kirago (vi-) 1. sleeping-mat. 2. fig. belong- kiri*, kirri recognize, acknowledge; accept, kiroho*: —a — . adj. spiritual. Cf. roho.
funga virago vyake. Kirussi* sing., adj. see Kirusi.
ings, (personal) affairs, assent, confirm, ratify; approve, grant,
pack one's bags, close out one's affairs. allow; admit, confess. — kosa plead kiroja*, kioja (vi-) 1.- something astonish-
rago. kirika. caus. ing/terrifying (e.g., oddity, monster). kirusu (— ) mixture of millet flour (prepared
Cf. guilty, appl. kiria. intr.
2. rarity, marvel. something that gives for making beer).

kirisha. pass, kiriwa, Cf. ikirari, ukiri. 3.
kirahi*, ikirahi, karaha(-) aversion, dislike, pleasure, something amusing/comical.
abhorrence, antipathy; prejudice. Cf. ka- Cf. roja. kiruu* (— ) see kiruhu.
^kiri (— ) strip of matting (for plaiting).
raha. (= ukili.)
kirokironi*, kirokoroni 1
(-) see korokoroni. kisa*, kissa (vi-) 1. narrative, report, story.
kiraia* 1. adv. as/like a citizen, fanya — 2. explanation; cause, reason, nipe — cha
kiriba* (vi-) water-container (made of hide ),
behave as a citizen. 2.: —a — . adj.
waterskin kirri* see kiri. kunitukana. Tell me the reason why you are
civil, haki za -. civil rights. Cf. raia. insulting me. 3. matter, affair, business,
kiridhi* see karidhi.

kirugu (vi-) 1. top of a wall (of a house). nipe — chako. Tell me your affair (i.e.,
kiraka* 1. (vi-) spot of color. 2. patch. 2. height of a house-wall. something about yourself). 4. jur. com-
nguo yenye — . a patched garment, shona
kirihi*, kirikhi 1. abhor, feel aversion; be plaint, charge. Cf. mkasa.
(tia) — . apply a patch, patch (up), mend. prejudiced. 2. offend, treat discourte- kiruhu*, kiruu (— ) anger, wrath, rage, fury.
3. adv. (also kiraraka) spotted, speckled.

ously, appl. kirihia. intr. kirihika. kisa (vi-) kernel of a fruit-stone.
Cf. marakaraka. pass, kirihiwa. Cf.
kirukanjia (vi-) 1. zool. shrew. 2. ornith.
caus. kirihisha.
nightjar. 3. fig. restless/footloose per-
karaha. kisababu* (vi-) (dimin. of sababu) pretext,
kiranja (vi-) title applied to the first boy of son. Cf. ruka.
excuse, evasion.
a group to be circumcised. kirikhi* see kirihi.
kirukia (vi-) kirukia (parasitic climbing
kisafu (vi-) (first) stomach (of ruminants).
kirauni* \_Engl.~\ (-) crown. plant). Cf. ruka. = kilihafu.)
(
.
kisaga 220 kishale kishamba 221 kishwara
kisarawanda (vi-) sheet (spread over the bed kishamba*

*kisaga (vi-) a dry measure (app. one quart). 1. (vi-) villager, countryman. kishikizo (vi-): - herufi printer's form.
on the wedding night). 2. sing, rustic manners/speech. 3. adj. Cf. shika.
Cf. saga.
(—a —) & adv. rustic, countrified (= kima-
kisasa* 1. sing, modern times, the present. shamba). shamba.
(species weevil.
Cf. kishiko (vi-) elec. contact. Cf. shika.
^kisaga (vi-) of)
2. adj. & adv. new, modern, present-day.
up-to-date. Cf. sasa. kisharifu*

kisagalima (vi-) an old worn-out hoe. Cf.
(vi-), msharifu (mi-) ornith. kishiku* (vi-) 1. (tree) stump, log. - cha
(species of) kingfisher. Cf. sharifu. jino. root of a tooth. 2. wooden block/
kiselema.
kisase* (vi-) see kisasi.
wedge.
kishasi (vi-) see kishazi.
kisagaunga (vi-) kisagaunga (species of crab).
kisasi*. kisase (vi-) 1. revenge, retaliation. i .
Cf. saga, ûnga. "kishina (vi-) see shina.

2. compensation, indemnification, toza kishaufu* (vi-) 1. piece of jewelry, trinket,
(fanya) — . demand compensation. pendant (on a chain). 2. nose ring (= ki-
kisahani* (vi-) {dimin. of sahani) 1. small kishina (vi-) kishina (kind of dance).
kero, hazama). Cf. shaua, shaufu.
plate, saucer. 2. sport discus, tupa — — rec. thermostat.
kisawazisha (vi-): joto.
throw the discus. 3. (phonograph) record. kishinda (vi-) remainder, residue; dregs (in a
Cf. sawa, sawazisha. kishaushi (vi-) see kishawishi.
drinking-vessel). Cf. shinda.
kisaki* adv. firmly, tightly, funga -. tie
kiselema, kichelema (vi-) an implement (hoe,
kishawishi*, kishaushi (vi-) temptation, al-
tight. saki. kishindi (vi-) see ushindi.
Cf.
knife, pencil) that has been worn down by
lurement; attraction, lure, bait. Cf. sha-
much use. wishi.
kisalisali* sing. med. gonorrhea; (rare) kishindo (vi-) 1 noise, (sound of a) blow,
bilharzia (the two diseases are believed to impact, step. 2. excitement, uproar.
kisengeseage adv. forward and backward, kishazi*, kishasi
fig.
(vi-) {dimin. of shazi)
be the same because their symptons are like a crab, enda— . run like a crab.
3. fig. disorder, confusion. Cf. ^shinda.
string/stick on which fish or fruit are hung.
similar). (
= kisonosono, kichocho.)
kishogo (vi-) see kisogo.
kiserikali*: —a — . adj. governmental, state..
kishenzi* LPers.J 1. sing., hist, language
kisambare (vi-) kisambare (species of grass, karamu ya — . state banquet. Cf. serikali.
of the inhabitants of the interior. 2. sing.
Lobelia fervens). kishona (= kichoma nguo.) (vi-) kind of grass
wildness, barbarity. 3. adv. in a savage/ (Heteropogon contortus).
kisetiri* (vi-) 1. dividing wall, partition,
barbarous way. 4.: —a — . adj. wild, un-
kisambo sing, see kisamvu. screen. 2. hiding-place. 3. fig. toilet,
civilized. Cf. shenzi.
kishoroba* (vi-) {also ushoroba sing.)
W.G. Cf. stiri.
kisamli (vi-) see kitamli. nnrrow strip of land, patch; path (in a field).
kisheria*: —a — . legal. See sheria.
kiseyeye sing, bleeding of the gums (from
kisamvu, kisambp sing, vegetable dish (pre- kishungi (vi-) toupee. Cf. ^shungi.
scurvy?).
kishigino (vi-) see kisigino.
pared with manioc leaves and beans).
afterwards, thereafter, kishupi (vi-) small bag or basket (of matting),
kisha*, kiisha adv.
picture
kishika: — mkono (vi-) advance (of money),
kisanamu* (vi-) {dimin. of sanamu) then. Cf. isha.
earnest (money), instalment. Cf. shika.
postcard. kishutuo (vi-) see kisutuo.
kishale (vi-) dimin. of mshale.

small kishiki: — cha buga (vi-) climbing plant kishwara* loop of rope (for holding an
kisanduku* (vi-) (dimin. of sanduku) (vi-)
( Cissampelos pariera).
oar, etc.).
box, casket.
222 kisc
kisonc 223 kisutu
kisi*, kissi (rare gisi) 1. presume, sur- kisima (vi-) water hole, well. prov. mchimba kisongo (vi-) 1. pressing, pressure. 2. press, kisukumizi (vi-) - kisukumi.
1. 2. disease/
mise, guess; estimate, calculate, consider
— hutumbika mwenyewe. Who digs a pit for vise. 3. typ. ligature, logotype. 4. med. misfortune transferred by one person to
others falls into it himself. tourniquet. Cf. songa.
carefully, appl. kisia. guess at, estimate another. Cf. sukuma, msukumizi.
(something). 2. (ma-) estimate, calcula-
kisimamleo (vi-) aloe(s). See also nidi. kisonono, kisunono (vi-) med. gonorrhea.
tion; proposal. Cf. kisio, makisi. kisukuu (vi-) see kitukuu.
— cha damu. bilharzia. Cf. sonona.
kisimbo (vi-) see msimbo.
^kisi*, kissi naut. change course, tack, put kisuli*, kisulisuli, kizuli, kisunzi (vi-)
kisoshialisti* [Engl.] (vi-) socialism. (spell of) dizziness, fainting fit, vertigo,
about.
kisimi (vi-) coll., anat. clitoris. (- kinembe.) —a — . socialist(ic).
swoon, upepo wa kisulisuli. whirlwind.
see kisibau. L/. kisusuli.

kisibao* (vi-)
kisio* (ma-) (usually makisio) estimate, kispoti* [Engl.] adj.: -a-, sport...
conjecture; proposal. Cf. *kisi.
kisibau*, kizibau, kisibao, kisibayo (vi-) kisumari*, kisomari (vi-) (dimin. of msumari)
kissa* (vi-) see kisa.
open jacket or vest (worn over the kanzu). pin, peg. (= pini.)
kisirani* (— ) 1. failure, (bad) omen, mis-
fortune, atanitia— . He will bring me bad kissi* see 2

^kisi, kisi.
see kisibau. kisunono (vi-) see kisonono.
kisibayo* (vi-)
luck. 2. annoyance, anger, ana — . He is
vexed/angry. 3. tendency to cause kistari* (vi-) (dimin. of mstari) punct. dash,

kisibiti* (vi-) (also mboga za — ) caraway kisunzi (vi-) see kisuli,
trouble/damage, destructiveness, delin- hyphen.
seed, cumin.
quency, hoodlumism, hooliganism. Cf.
kisura* (vi-) si. pretty girl. Cf. *sura,
mkosi. kisu (vi-) knife, kata kvva -. cut with a
kisichana (vi-) 1. dimin. of msichana.
knife, ukali wa — . edge of a knife, -cha kisusi
2. girl who has not yet reached puberty. (vi-) 1. slope of a roof. 2. sloping
kisiri* (vi-) secret; free, pol.) secret ballot.
kukunja. pocketknife. coll. wewe - side of a thatched roof.
—a—, secret, covert. Cf. siri.
mimi nyama. Do whatever you want with
kisicholipwa, kisichotendwa (vi-) debt, ar-
me (lit.: You are the knife, I am the meat). kisusui* (vi-) see kisusuli.
rears. Cf. lipa, tenda. kisiwa (vi-) island.
Cf. jisu, kijisu, msumeno.
kisusuli*, kisusui (vi-) 1. scorpion.

kisifa* (vi-) gramm. adverb. Cf. sifa. kisogo, kishogo, kichogo (vi-) anat. nape of
kisua* (vi-) 1. garment, suit (of clothes).
2. paper kite, windmill (children's toy).
the neck, back of the head. prov. akupaye
2, a well-dressed person.
kisigino, kishigino (vi-) anat.: — cha mkono. — si mwenzio. Whoever turns his back on
Cf. kisuli.
elbow. — cha mguu. heel. you is not your friend, kisogoni. (what is)
kisugulu (vi-) see kichuguu. kisutu* (vi-), msuto (mi-) kisutu (large
behind, the past. Cf. kogo.
block/chunk piece of printed cotton cloth, used as a
kisiki (vi-) 1. tree-stump. 2.
kisuguu (vi-) see kichuguu.
prostitute. ki- woman's garment or as a screen or curtain).
of wood, log. 3. fig. Cf. kisomari* (vi-) see kisumari.
shiku.
kisukari* 1. (-) kisukari (sweet variety of
kisutuo, kishutuo (vi-) payment (especi-
kisombo (= kisamvu, kisambo.) (vi-) paste/
1.
banana). 2. adj.: —a—, very sweet, ally in kind). 2. special remuneration for
kisikusiku, kiusikusiku 1. (vi-) evening, porridge made of manioc and beans.
sugary. Cf. sukari. workers, usually in the form of food re-
twilight, dusk. 2. adv. at night, in the
ceived during or after the performance of
nighttime. Cf. *siku, usiku. kisomo (vi-) instruction, training, education.
kisukumi (vi-) growth or swelling on the
heavy work.
Cf. soma.
genitals. (= vitio.) Cf. sukuma.
kitambo 225
Kiswahili 224 kitambi kitara
kitambo (vi-)
the Swahili language. kitakita see kita.
1. (short) time, moment. - ki- kitango
Kiswahili* 1. sing, (vi-) idleness, indolence, waste of
dogo. after a short time, soon thereafter.
2. adv. in the Swahili manner. Cf. Swa- time, trifling. Cf. ânga.
- cha chuo. school term. 2. (o/ so tambo,
hili, Mswahili, Uswahili. kitakizo (vi-) kitakizo (head or foot of a
utambo) (short) space, distance,
bedstead). Cf. tako. length, 2 kitango
(vi-) lace, fastener (e.g., the
height, hapa na B ni _ tufts
kidogo. From here
^kita, kitakita prickle, sting, itch. on a mattress, etc.).
kitako 1. vi-) anat. seat, bottom, buttock; to B is only a short distance.
perineum. 2. seat, place to sit; base.
2 kita mstari wa — base line- kaa — seat one- kitangulizi (vi-) 1. mat h. uneven/odd num-
1. be/stand firm (in the face of danger, . .
kitambulisho (vi-) certificate, authentication.
etc.). 2. thrust firmly into the ground (a self, be seated, sit. — cha baisikeli. saddle
Cf. tambua.
ber. 2.: - cha jeshi. vanguard. 3. = utan-
of a bicycle. 3. med. hemorrhoid(s). gulizi. Cf. tangulia.
spear, etc.), place firmly.
4. adv. below, at the bottom, at the lower kitamli, kisamli (vi-): nrnazi wa -. variety
end. tako. kitanguo (vi-), mtanguo (mi-) 1.
Cf. of coconut palm (the annulment,
Ikitaa* (vi-) dimin. of mtaa. nuts are used only for cancellation, abolition, suspension,
their milk). revo-
kitale (vi-) kitale (young coconut in the Cf. mkitamli.
cation, invalidation, nullification.
2. dis-
2 kitaa* (vi-) kitaa (kind of fish). stage of milk-formation).
missal, discharge, removal
kitana (vi-) see (from office).
kichanuo.
Cf. tangua.
kitabosha (vi-) kitabosha (pastry made of kitali (vi-) 1. naut. sailcloth, canvas.
kitanda (vi-) 1. bed, bedstead.
rice-flour, sugar, and honey). 2. recent, sport ring (for boxing). 2. litter,
kitani* (-) 1. s i S al, flax, tow.
stretcher, enda (panda) kitandani. shamba la -.
go to
sisal plantation. 2. linen (cloth). 3. string,
kitabu* (vi-) 1. book. - cha ram an i. atlas. kitalu (vi-) 1. fence, wall. 2. enclosed
bed. 3.: - cha mfumi. ( weaver's) loom.
lace (of a shoe).
Cf. tanda.
ufualaji wa vitabu tu. pedantry, dogma- place (yard, courtyard, garden).
tism. 2.: vitabu. literature. Cf. katiba, kitanitani, kitanutanu adv. backwards, on the
kitandawili (vi-) see kitendawili.
katibu, katabahu, kijitabu, kitiba, maktaba, kitambaa (vi-), mtambaa (mi-) 1. cloth, rag,
back, lala -. lie on one's back.
mkataba, ukatibu. patch. 2. med. bandage. 3. napkin,
2 kitandiko (vi-) cover, blanket.
handkerchief. Cf. tambaa, utambaa. Cf. tanda.
kitano (vi-) kitano (small coin, 5-cent piece).
kitadali (vi-) bot. kitadali (variety of herb,
Cf. Itano.
1
kitanga (vi-) (small, circular) mat, prayer
Euphorbia hirta). ^kitambi (vi-) turban-cloth. Cf. ^tambaa.
mat. - cha mkono. palm (of the hand). kitanutanu see kitanitani.
kitagaa (vi-) 1. dividing, splitting, branch- 2 kitambi
- cha mguu. sole (of the foot), -cha
(vi-) anat. 1. peritoneum. 2. me-
(rotten) mizani. pan of a scale/balance.
ing, forking (of trees, roads ). 2.
sentery. — cha nyama. reticular fat (of a Cf. kitanzi (vi-) (small) loop, noose, eyelet.
2 taga. utanga.
branch (of a tree). Cf.
mwenye — cor- Cf. tanda, tanzi, utanzi.
slaughtered animal), fig. .
pulent person.
small 2 kitanga
kitaifa* 1. (vi-) (dimin. of taifa) (vi-): _ cha pepo. a kind of dance. kitapo (vi-) 1. shivering, trembling. 2. med.
ethnic group, tribe. 2.: -a -. adj. popu- chill, ague. Cf. ^tapa.
^kitambi: — cha maskini (vi-) kind of
national, bima ya - ya afya. national
lar,
vegetable (Talinum cuneifolium).
kitanga (vi-) dimin. of 2 tanga.
health insurance. kitara* [lnd.1 (vi-) scimitar.
kitangangaya sing, kitangangaya (children's
par- kitambi sing, pride, conceit, arrogance.
kitakataka (vi-) (dimin. of takataka) 1.
game, hide-and-seek). kitara (-) dial., rare 1. kitara (place
bagatelle. Cf. tamba. where
ticle of dust/dirt. 2. fig. trifle,
a council meets). 2. (law) court.
1
Cf. taka.
.
kitendo 227 kitita

kitarishi 226 kitende
kitendo (vi-) 1. act, action. 2. undertaking,

kitarishi* (vi-) messenger-boy, 'stooge.' kitefu (vi-) see kitefutefu. kiti (vi-) 1. seat, chair. - cha kifalme.
operation. 3. feat, exploit. gramm.
Cf. tarishi.
4. throne. - cha farasi. saddle. 2. fig.
verb. Cf. tenda.
kitefute (vi-) anat. cheekbone. (= kitu- seat (in a representative assembly).
guta.) mwenye — . chairman. 3. headquarters.

^kitasa (vi-) 1. lock (on a door, etc.).
kitengele (vi-) 1. band, stripe. 2. small 4.: — cha pweza. starfish.
2. buckle.
round mat.
^kitefutefu, kichefuchefu (vi-) 1. sobbing,
kitiba* sing, essential nature, character,
sighing. 2. hiccup.
kitasa* (vi-) dimin. of tasa. kitengeneza: - uvuke (mvuke) (vi-) auto. disposition, constitution. Cf. kitabu.
carburetor. Cf. tengenea.
^kitefutefu (also kitefu, kitetefu) (vi-)
Ikitata* (vi-} 1. lath, molding. 2. med. LitimKntw.Vo
""" "" r,.i-1
'•' —7
f""' ""
„»
u ._
""'6 ,-i op-
z teke.
something soft/smooth. Cf. kitengo (vi-) (dimin. of
splint. mtengo) gramm. portunist.
preposition. Cf. *tenga.
kiteku (vi-) X. style, burin; chisel. 2. pick-
^kitata (vi-) 1.
= matata. 2. speech im- kitimbi (vi-) deception, deceit, trick, in-
ax. Cf. tekua. kiteo (vi-) (dimin. of uteo) (shallow, dish-
pediment, lisp ( = ^kitembe, utasi).
trigue. Cf. chimvi.
Cf.
shaped) basket (used for sifting grain).
tata. downward movement.
kitelemsho (vi-) 1.
kitimiri* sing. 1. name of an evil spirit.
2. mus. flat(-sign). Cf. telemua.
^kitete (vi-) (dimin. of ête) reed, sedge. 2. charm to ensure easy childbirth.
kitata (vi-): — eha asali. honeycomb.
Ikitembe, kichembe (vi-) speech defect, lisp,

kitatange (sea-fish with
4citete (vi-) dial, mongoose. kitinda (vi-), mtinda (wa-): — mimba. last/
kitatange (vi-) 1.
piga/
indistinct pronunciation, stuttering,
youngest child. Cf. tindika.
spines). 2. mischief-maker, insuf-
fig.
sema — . speak with a lisp/indistinctly.
kitetefu sing, see kitefutefu.
ferable person. Cf. tata.
kitingisha (vi-) earthquake. (= tetemeko la
^kitembe (vi-) dimin. of tembe. nchi.) tinga.
retirement, solitude, seclu- kitetemeko (vi-) see kitetemo. Cf.
kitawa* 1. sing,
sion. 2. adv. retired, secluded, kaa —

^kitembwe (vi-) vegetable fiber. Cf. utembo. kitetemo, kitetemeko kitinitini (vi-) see ^kititi.
live in retirement/seclusion. Cf. tawa. (vi-) shivering, trem-
bling, shuddering. Cf. tetema.
kitisho, kitusho (vi-) threat, menace, danger;
^kitembwe (vi-) kitembwe (kind of fish).
1
kitawi (vi-) 1. dimin. of tawi. 2. kitawi
fright, fear, apprehension; confusion, coll.
kiteuzi (vi-) chem. separator. Cf. teua.
(a kind of weed).
determining/decisive factor.
amepata — cha kutosha. He has really had
kitendakazi (vi-)
kitewatewa, kitewetewe a scare thrown into him. Cf. tisha.

Cf. tend a. (vi-) kitewatewa
^kitawi (vi-) kitawi (implement used in weav-
(small worm).
kitendawili, kitandawili (vi-) riddle, puzzle, kitita, kititi adv. 1. in great numbers, in
tega — . propound a riddle, pose a problem. kitewetewe (vi-) see kitewatewa. abundance. 2. all at once, in cash, cash
kitaya (vi-) see taya.
Cf. tenda. down, amelipa pesa -. He paid in cash.
kithaura* (vi-) dimin. of thaura. 3. suddenly, unexpectedly.
kite sing. 1. groan, moan, wail, sigh, cry
kitende (vi-) surroundings, environment,
(of pain). 2. suffering, torment, grief. kithiri* 1. grow, become larger, increase.
milieu. Cf. tenda. ^kitita (vi-) dimin. of tita 3.
3. passion. 4. effort, exertion, straining (also caus.
2. kithirisha) cause to grow
(as in childbirth). enlarge, increase, appl. kithiria.
228 kitovu
kititi kitoweleo 229 kituo
kititi (vi-) 1. dimin. of titi. 2. med. kitoleo (vi-) math, subtrahend. kitoweleo (vi-) see kitoweo.
Cf. toa. kitumbo 1. (vi-) dimin. of tumbo. 2. (vi-)
mastitis (inflammation of the mammary abnormally large stomach, obesity,
coll.:
glands). kitoma (vi-) 1. small round pumpkin. 2. ki-
kitoweo, kitoweleo (vi-), toweo (ma-) usinitie - uchungu. Don't annoy me.
toma (the pumpkin shell used as a vessel 1. something added to food (i.e., vege- 3. adv. (also kitumbotumbo) on the
for milk or water). 3. med. orchitis, hy- tables to meat, gravy, sauce,
^kititi, kitinitini (vi-) small hare. curry, etc.), stomach, prone. lala -. lie prone.
drocele. relish. 2. seasoning, condiment, spice.
Cf. towea.
sing.: — kitumbotumbo see kitumbo
''kititi cha bahari. the depths of the 2.
kitone (vi-) (dimin. of tone) drop (of liquid),
(ink) blot. Cf. tona. kitreya* LEngl.'} (vi-) tray. kitumbua (vi-) (rice) fritter (fried in
fat).
\- andazi.)
4 kititi adv. 1. see kitita. 2. upright, in an kitonge — kitu (vi-) thing, object; matter, substance,
(vi-) small lump, ball, morsel. cha
erect position, vertical(ly). simama — . be wali. small lump of rice (taken in the fingers vitu vya starehe. luxuries. - kidogo. kitumwa adv. in a servile/obsequious way.
upright, stand erect. and eaten). trifle, small matter, hapana -. nothing. Cf. turn a.
kititia (vi-) 1. blade, vane (of a fan, wind- kitongo, kichongochongo adv. from the side, kitubio (vi-) 1„ repentence, atonement; (rel.) kitunda (vi-) 1. pawn (chess). 2. dimin. of
mill). 2. windmill (children's toy). 3. fig. on a slant, diagonally, obliquely, tazamia penance, confession. 2. punishment, re- tunda.
ventilator. mtu — . look at someone askance/contempt- tribution. Cf. tubu.
uously. Cf. tongoza.
îtunga (vi-): kofia ya -. a kind of fez.
kititimo (vi-) 1. (rolling, reverberating) noise kituguta (vi-) anat. cheekbone. (= kitefute.)
(like thunder). 2. disorder, confusion. kitongoji (vi-) (small) village, hamlet.
Cf. titima. (= kijiji.) kituka (vi-) 1. clump of trees, copse, grove. kitunga (vi-) dimin. of 2 tunga.
2. thicket. (= kichaka.) kitungo (vi-) dimin. of mtungo.

*kilo (vi-) (also — cha thamani) precious kitongotongo see kitongo.
stone, jewel. kituko (vi-) (usually vituko) 1. fear, terror. kitungule (vi-) 1. hare. (= sungura.) 2. fig.
kitoria (vi-) kitoria (edible fruit of the East tia fulani vituko. inspire someone with sly, crafty person.
African rubber liana, mtoria). terror. 2. excitement, confusion, dismay,
^kito (vi-) kito (children's game in which ob-
consternation, alipokuja akaionyesba vi- kitunguu
jects are hidden and hunted for). (vi-) onion, shallot. - saumu. garlic
kitoroli* LEngl. lorry or Germ. Motorroller? J tuko vingi. When he came, he found things
(vi-) motor scooter. in a state of great confusion. kituo
kitoasi, kitoazi (vi-) castanet. Cf. toasi. Cf. tukia. (vi-) 1. pause, interruption, rest.
2. stopping place. _ c ha gari. railway
kitororo (vi-) ornith. (species of) barbet. kitukuu, kisukuu (vi-) great-grandchild.
kitobo, kitobwe (vi-) (dimin. of tobo) station. 3. settlement, establishment,
1. small hole, perforation. dimple. post, camp. - cha kupumzika.

2. fig. (vacation)
kitoto 1. (vi-) (dimin. of mtoto) small child, kitulivu adv. quietly, calmly, peacefully. resort.
Cf. toboa. _ c ha biashara. trading post, com-
baby. 2. adv. in a childish/foolish way. Cf. tua, tulivu. mercial center. - cha mafuta. auto, filling
kitobwe (vi-) see kitobo. station. - cha kivita. military base.

kitovu (vi-) 1. anat. navel, umbilical cord. kitulizo (vi-) soothing, relief, alleviation, 4. gramm. alama ya -. punctuation.
2, middle, center. 3. fig. home, place of dawa hii ni - cha maumiwu. This medi- 5. section, paragraph (in a
kitokono (vi-) (also tokoni, tokono, ma-) anat. book). Cf.
origin, enda kitovuni. go home (to one's cine is a sedative/anodyne.
Cf. ûa. *tua.
coccyx.
birthplace.). 4. hub (of a wheel), (anything
that serves as a) pivot.
.
Kituruki 230 kiunga

kiungo
kiviringo
Kituruki* sing. Turkish language, —a — kiubavubavu see kibavu.

kiungo (vi-) ]. something serving
adj. Turkish. Cf. Mturuki, Uturuki. to con- kiimo (vi-) ( a / so c h uno , _) u (m# kiunonj)
nect or join: connection, joint, coupling, waist.
kiuka step/jump/pass over something. 2. anat. hip, loins. 3. anat. rump,
etc. elec. connection, switch, contact.
kitusho (vi-) see kitisho. (- kia, chupa, ruka, vuka.) 2. buttocks.
Cf. ukiauaji.
3. anal. & mec li. joint, articulation,
kitutumi 4. gramm. conjunction. 2 kiun/a (vi-) a board placed in a grave

(vi-) something. causing a rumbling/ kiuma (vi-) 1. something that stings/bites/ Cf. unga. to pro-
growling sound. Cf. tutuma. causes pain. — tect the corpse from contact
mbuzi. a kind of black with earth and
lizard
-kiungo (vi-) spice, seasoning, condiment stones. Cf.
l
unda.
{lit.: 'goat-biter'). 2. fork. Cf. uma.
kitwa (vi-) see kichwa. (sail, vinegar, etc.). 2
Cf. lln g a .
kiunzi (vi-) wooden frame, scaffolding.
kiumambuzi (yi-) 'goat-biter.' kind of lizard.
kitwamgomba see kichwamgomba. ''kiungo
Cf. 'unda.
Cf. uma, * mbuzi. (vi-) palm-leaf (used as roofing
material),
kii-siKiisiku (vi-, adv.) see
kitwana (vi-) (dimin. of mtwana) 1. hist. kiumanzi (vi-) kiumanzi (small insect that kisikusiku.
slave boy. 2. scamp, brat. kills flies). Kiunguja 1. sing. Swahili dialect of Zanzibar
kiva (-) rare harmony, unity; agreement, ap-
(as contrasted w. the dialect
of the coast proval. (= uinoja.)
kitwea sing, solitude, loneliness. kiumbe (vi-) (rare chumbe, vy-) creature, LKimrima], of Mombasa [kimvita], and
of
(human) being. Cf. umba. Lamu [Kianiu]). 2. adv. inthemanner kivazi (vi-) dress, clothing; style
kitwitwi (vi-) ornith. sandpiper. (of dress).
usual in Zanzibar. Cf. L'nguja.
Cf. vaa.
1
kiumbo (vi-) nature, character, quality.
kiu (— ) 1. thirst, ona (wa na) — . be thirsty.
kiungulia
Cf. umba. (vi-) 1. stomach upset, indiges-
komesba — quench the kivi (vi-) anat. 2
(kata) . thirst. 2. fig. tion. elbow. (= kiko.)
2. belching, eructation. - moyo.
dryness, drought. — ya maji. water short-
med.
^kiumbo (vi-) vessel used for holding heartburn, pyrosis, ianya -. belch.
age. Cf. kwiu. kivi (vi-)
Cf.
J
ungua. see I
kiwi.
potter's tools.
*kiua (vi-) 1. buttonhole. 2. embroidering kiungurumo kivimba (vi-) see kivimbe.

kiume sing, male sex. —a — (vi-) see ngurumo.
1. . male,
on a kofia.
masculine, mtoto wa — . boy. 2. sing.
kiunguza, kiunguzo kivimbc, kivimba, kivimbo
masculinity; strength, vigor; heroism. (vi-) 1. poison, virus. (vi-) 1. me d.
2. medicine containing viruses. swelling, tumor. 2. arch, vault(ing).
^kiua (vi-) kiua (kind of fish). 3. adv. in a masculine/manly way. 3. acid.
J-ume.
Cf. 'lingua. 3. girth, circumference. _ cha dunia.
Cf.
rare equator (= ikweta). Cf. vimba,
kiua (vi-): — mwitu. variety of tree.
kiunguzo uvimbe.
kiunda
(vi-) sec kiunguza.
(vi-) kiunda (a kind of trap). Cf. ûnda.
4 kiua (vi-) something that kills = kiuaji).

(
kiunguana kivimbo (vi-) see kivimbe.
1. sing. Swahili language (term
^kiunga (vi-) 1. suburb(s), environs (of a
used in the back country); manners and
"kiua (vi-) dimin. of Tia, ua.
town). 2. garden, fruit-orchard. — cha kivinvovinvo
iiiju 1.
i. (vi-)
y\i ) trembling, m-
speech of a well-bred person. 2. adv. in
,
quivering.
•
minazi (michungwa). coconut (orange) 2. (vi-) confusion, uncertainty, clouding

a well-bred/cultivated manner. 3.: -a -.
kiuaji (vi-) 1. deadly weapon. 2. something grove. Cf. unga. (of the mind).
adj. cultivated, civilized. 3. adv. tremblingly.
Cf. mwungwa- Cf.
that has a deadly effect (snake, poison, vinya.
n a, u img wan a: also Kin guana.
etc.). Cf. ûa. ^kiunga (vi-) kiunga (kind of fish).
kiviringo (vi-) see mviringo.
kivita 232 uvyazi
233 kiwe
kivita adj.: —a — . warlike, military, mam bo kivumbazi (vi-) see kivumbasi.

kiwa adj.(of persons:) poor; solitary, aban-
ya — . matters relating to war, military af- kiwango (vi-) kiwango (variety of cowrie
doned, outcast; (of things:) solitary,
iso-
fairs; military actions/movements. Cf. kivumbi (vi-) 1. dust; vapor, haze. 2. dust- shell).
lated. (= upweke, hame, ganjo.) ma-
vita. Cf.
• cloud, sandstorm. 3. fig. great quantity,
kiwa, mkiwa, ukiwa.
large number. 4. fig., coll. crowd, noise, kiwanja (vi-) 1. place, plot of land, field.
kivivu, kivivuvivu adv. in a lazy /indolent/ confusion, mjini kulikuwa na — . There - cha ndege (eropleni), - cha kutua. air-
kiwaa (vi-) see lwaa.
bored manner, tazama — look at something was a great hubbub in the city. Cf. vumbi. field, landing field. - cha kurusha roketi.
in an indolent/bored way (with half-closed launching pad/platform. - cha
michezo.
kiwafuwafu adv., rare sideways, anguka -.
eyelids). Cf. vivu. kivumi, kivumo playing field, (sports) stadium,
(vi-) 1. humming, murmuring, arena.
fall sideways.
piiBtlir.". 2. H". rurr.cr -ccei- hears::--.
2. foreC01irt: ;
rr,nrt(irarA)_
C U- _
kivivuvivu see kivuvu. vuma. astr. halo of the moon.
Cf. Cf. uwanja.
kiwamba (vi-) see kiwambo.
kivo, kizo (vi-) (great) quantity, abundance; kivumo (vi-) see kivumi. kiwara* (vi-) flat land, plain, savannah.
= ^wingi.) kiwambamoyo (vi-) see kiwambo.
superfluity, surplus. (
kivunde adj. fermented, ugali (wa) — por- kiwavi (vi-) 1. larva, gru b, caterpillar.
kiwambaza (vi-) see kiambaza.
kivoteo* lEngl. J (vi-) vote, ballot. ridge of manioc meal which has begun to 2. chrysalis. 3. (variety of) stinging
ferment. Cf. vunda. nettle (Tragia furialis, Tragia
Scheffleri).
kiwambo, kiwamba, kiambo (vi-) tension,
kivukizo (vi-) see kifukizo. Cf. wan a.
tautness; something stretched tightly,
kivunga (vi-) {dimin. of vunga): — cha cov-
ering. - cha ngoma. drumskin, drumhead. kiwe, kawe, kijiwe, kikawe
kivuko, kivusho (vi-) 1. ford, crossing; ferry. nywele. long, thick hair. (vi-) 1. dimin.
kiwamba cha moyo of
(or kiwambamoyo) jiwe. (_
— kikavu. isthmus. 2. crossing place, 2. cha uso) pimple, rash (on the
anat. diaphragm. Cf. wamba.
landing stage. 3. ferry time/fare. Cf. %-ua. kivunjavunja, kivunjajungu (vi-) zool. mantis face).
(so called from the superstition that the
person who kiwanda (vi-) 1. plot of ground, yard. kiweko

kivulana (vi-) {dimin. of mvulana) boy, kills a mantis will break the (vi-) 1. base, support, prop, under-
next thing he touches; vunja and jungu). 2. working place, workshop, factory, plant. pinning.
young man. cf. 2. fig. basis, foundation. Cf.
- cha jotojoto. heat-treatment plant. weka.
kivunjo (vi-) 1, (act of) breaking, splintering. - cha kufanyia unga wamaziwa. powdered-
kivuli, kifuli (vi-) 1. shadow, shade; shaded
med. milk processing plant. - cha kutoa nguvu kiwele
place, lala kivulini. lie in the shade. 2. fracture. 3. auto, breakdown. (vi-) udder, mammary gland (of animals;
4. tool for breaking (hammer, crowbar, etc.). za umeme (katika mto). (hydro-)electric cf. 2z wa
2. vision, phantom, ghost. Cf. mwavuli, j
)#
Cf. vunja. power station. 3. mine, forge, foundry.

uvuli.
4. pi. industry, enterprise(s). Cf. kiweo (vi-) thigh, shank, ham. (= paja, kiga.)
kivuno (vi-) rare 1. harvest, yield. uwanda.
kivumanyuki (vi-) kivumanyuki (hardy plant, 2. gain,
profit. Cf. vuna. kiwete 1. (vi-) lameness, crippling,
Pentas purpurea). enda -.
kiwanda (vi-) rare see be lame, limp, 2. (vi-) a lame person,
kimanda.
kivusho (vi-) see kivuko. cripple. 3. adv. in a limping way, like a
kivumanzi (vi-) small bell, cowbell.
kiwango (vi-) 1. number, quantity.
cripple. 4.: -a -. adj. lame, crippled.
2. cal-
kivumbasi, kivumbazi, (rare) kifumbazi (vi-) kivyao (vi-) see kizao. culating, computing; computation. 3. fig.
kiweto (vi-) hen that does not lay.
kivumbasi (a fragrant wood which, when status, (social) position. C f. '^wanga.
ground up with oil, is used as a perfume or kivyazi (vi-) see kizao.
kiwewe (vi-) confusion, dismay, astonishment.
to keep off mosquitoes).
. .
234 235 kizuka
*kiwi, kiwiwi, kivi (vi-) 1. stick set against kiyoga (vi-) dimin. of uyoga. kizee (vi-) 1. old woman. 2. sorceress kizingiti (vi-) 1. threshold, sill, lintel
a door to hold it shut. 2. bolt (on a door). witch. Cf. zee. = top or bottom
( piece of a door or
kiyombo (vi-) bark cloth,
window). 2. dam, weir. 3. reef, bar.
'kiwi (vi-) (also — cha macho) kizembe 1. (vi-) indolent, relaxed posture;
1. blinding,
kiyowe (vi-) see yowe. (fig.) bad behavior.
dazzling (by the sun, etc.). 2. fig. delu- 2. adv. in an idle/ J
kizingo (vi-) twist, turn, bend (of a road,
sion.
indolent/negligent manner. Cf. zembe,
Cf. ukiwi. river). zinga.
Cf.
Kiyunani* 1. sing, (ancient) Greek language. mzembe, uzembe
2. adv. in the (ancient) Greek manner.
kiwiko (vi-) anat. wrist, ankle. — cha
3. —a — adj. (ancient) Greek, Hellenic. -kizingo (vi-) sand (from the seashore).
mkono. wrist. — cha mguu.
.
kizibau (vi-) see kisibau.
ankle.
kizibo (vi-)
Jkizio (vi-) 1. halt (of a round body, e.g.,
kiwi 1 i (vi-) eth. community, common interest, 1. stopper, plug, spigot, tap.
kiyuyu (vi-) kiyuyu (poisonous shrub, 2. (act of) stopping up, filling up. fruit). 2. fig., geogr.: - cha dunia.
kazi ya — . cooperative work (regarded as a 3. fig.
Synadenium carinatum). stopgap, (temporary) expedient. hemisphere.
social obligation of all village dwellers). Cf. ziba.
kiza (— , ma-) see giza. kizibuo (vi-) corkscrew. ^kizio -

Cf. ziba. (vi-) {also cha simu) elec. msu-
lator. Cf. '
zia.
kiwiliwili (vi-) 1. body, trunk. 2. fig.
kizalia (vi-) kizalia (someone who was born kizidishe* (vi-) math, multiplicand. Cf. zidi.
girth, size, volume. Cf. mwili.
in a particular place, native), mimi — cha kiziwi (vi-) a deaf person.
1. 2. a coconut
hapa. I was born here. I am a native of kizidisho* (vi-) math, multiplier. zidi. that has dried up inside (i.e., shell without
kiwimawima, imaima adv. in an upright posi- Cf.
this place. — cha Tanga. someone born meat or milk; compare Germ, eine taube
tion, head up, top uppermost; erect, verti-
in Tanga, a native of Tanga. Cf. zaa. kizimba, kizimbi (vi-) 1. birdcage, dovecote. Nuss?). Cf. ziwi, ukiziwi.
cal, straight. Cf. wima.
2. jur. witness stand.
kizamaji (vi-) something thrown into the kizo (vi-) see kivo.
kiwimbi 1. (vi-) small wave, ripple. 2. adv./
water; (pi.) jetsam. Cf. ^zama. kizimbi (vi-) see kizimba.
adj. wavy, undulating. Cf. wimbi.
kizuio, kizuizi (vi-) 1. obstacle, impediment.
kizamani* adv. in an earlier way, earlier, kizimwe (vi-) hot. blight, smut (of grains). 2. restriction, limitation, curb, prohibition.
kiwiwi (vi-) see *kiwi.
formerly. Cf. zamani. C f. zima, zimwe. Cf. zuia.
Kiyahudi* 1. sing, the Hebrew language.

kizamiadagaa (— ) kizamiadagaa (kind of kizimwi (vi-) liter. L fairy, sorceress. kizuizi (vi-) see kizuio.
2. adv. in the Jewish manner. 3.: —a —
bird, kingfisher). 2. evil spirit. Cf. zimwi, mzimu, kuzimu,
adj. Jewish. Cf. Myahudi.
wazimu. kizuizini (vi-) detention (by police, as in Mau
kizao, kivyao, kivyazi (vi-) rare 1. produce,
resurrection, day of
Mau Camps). Cf. zuia.
kiyama*, kiama (— ) Isl.
production. 2. product. Cf. zaa, zao. kizinda (vi-) virginity.
judgment. (- ufufuo, which is used in
1. 2. virgin, weka
-. preserve virginity, tomoa -. deflower. kizuizui (-) kizuizui (children's game, simi-
both Moslem and Christian contexts.)
kizazi (vi-) 1. procreation, reproduction; 3. anat. hymen. Cf. zinda. lar to blindman's buff).
progeny, offspring, hana — . she is child-
kiyambaza (vi-) see kiambaza.
less. She cannot bear children. 2. birth. kizingia (vi-) something that revolves/whirls, kizuka (vi-) 1. apparition, vision. 2. liter.
3. generation. — hiki. the present — cha maji. whirlpool. zinga.
Cf. fairy, spirit. 3. window. zua, Izuka.
kiyana* (vi-) earthenware dish. Cf.
(living) generation. Cf. zaa, uzazi.
kizuli 236 kodole kodv 237 koka
kizuli (vi-) see kisuli. koba* (vi-) (augm. of mkoba): fanya — be kodwe (-) small stone; piece, man games),
fin kohl* (-) m in. antimony, kohl (for applica-
.
convex/bulgy; belly out (of a sail). die. Cf. jiwe, mbwe.

Cf. tion to the eyes as a cosmetic). (- wanja
Kizurigu ]. sing, (collective term for any) kuba, kubaza. wa manga.) Cf. mkahale.
European language, —a — . adj. European. koeka see ngoeka.
2. adv. in the European manner. 3.: ki- kobati* [Engl. j sing, cobalt. koho*, korho (-) koho (species of hawk or
zunguni. arch. European quarter in an kofi (ma-) 1. (also ukofi) palm of the hand, eagle).
African town. Cf. zungu, I mzungu, kobe (— ) 1. land tortoise. 2. Isl. a person handbreadth. piga makofi. clap, applaud.
2 2 who breaks
Mzungu, Uzungu. his fast during Ramadhan. 2. (also ukofi) handful. 3. slap, box on kohoa cough, caus. kohoza. re/7, jikohoza.
the ear. 4. hand clapping (with a dance). clear one's throat (from embarrassment or to
I.: I.- /..: \
attract attention). Cf. kohozi, kikohozi,
ukohozi.
kizunguzungu sing, dizziness, indisposition. *kobwe (— ) kobwe (variety of bean). kofia* (-) headgear, cap, fez. - ya bulibuli.
Cf. zungua. embroidered white cap. - ya kitunga, - ya kohoo (ma-) see kohozi.
kibandiko. ordinary cap/fez. — ya zari.
^kobvve (— ) kobwe (kind of snail).
kizushi (vi-) 1. innovator, revolutionary. cap decorated with braid. kohozi, kohoo (ma-) 1. cough. 2. expec-
2. intruder. 3. novelty, sensation. toration, phlegm, mucus. Cf. kohoa.
'-'kobwe (— ) clapping (with cupped hands).
X
Cf. zua, ^zuka. koga (ma-) 1. mold, mildew, blight, dry rot.
fanya (ota) -. moulder, rot, become moldy. koikoi (ma-) 1. evil spirit. 2. heron, stork.
koche (ma-) koche (fruit of the dwarf palm).
kizuu (vi-) kizuu (evil spirit). Cf. zua, — la meno. tartar on the teeth. — yamaji.
Cf. mkoche.
'zuka. seaweed. 2. fig. moldiness, mustiness; koja (-) koja (ornament worn around the
uncleanliness, foulness. — la nguo. neck). - la dhahabu. gold necklace.
kocho adj. shrewd, experienced, clever, ex-
klabu* (vi-) see kilabu. slovenliness of dress.
pert. (
= bingwa, hodari, stadi.)
^koja (-) koja (metal pot).

kliniki*, kiliniki LEngl.J (— ) clinic. 2 koga show, explain, demonstrate.
kochokocho adv. in great abundance, Cf.
— ya watoto. children's clinic.
^mkogo.
numberless. kojoa urinate, appl. kojolea. cans, ko-
josha/kojoza. dawa ya kukojosha. di-
k.m. abbr. of kwamfano. for example, e.g.
J koga
kodi* 1. rent, lease, caus. kodisha. ni- see *oga. uretic. Cf kojozi, kikojozi, mkojo.
memkodisha fulani shamba. I have leased

koa (ma-) 1. metal ring (worn as an orna-
a field to X. 2. (— ) rent, lease; tax, 'kogo kojojo (ma-) sea slug, beche-de-mer.
(ma-, -), mkogo (mi-) anat. the back
ment around the neck or on the arm). duty, taratibu za — . tax regulation.
of the head, occiput.
2. leather strap/belt. —
mtoza . tax-collector. Cf. mkodi, uko- kojozi (-) 1. see kikojozi, mkojo. 2. ko-
dishaji. jozi (species of banana with diuretic ef-
^kogo (-) kogo (string of beads worn by
^koa 1. be sharp/pointed, kisu kinakoa. fect). Cf. kojoa.
women around the loins).
The knife has a sharp point. 2. fig. be kodoa (usually — macho) look fixedly, stare.
attractive. appl. kodolea. stare at. caus. kodosha. koka 1. (usually - moto) kindle a fire.
kogo (ma-) conceit, presumption, arrogance.
gape, goggle.
2. warm oneself at a fire.
^koa (ma-) snail, slug; snail-shell.

kodolea opp/. of kodoa. kogo* I Engl, cargo] (-) rare, naut. dock. 2 koka = kuoka
= gudi, majahabu.) (inf. of oka).
(
koko 238 kolt
koli 239 komba
^koko (ma-) 1, bush, thicket, wilderness. kokoto (ma-; us. pi.) crushed stone, mako- koli* (_) 1„ nauU s hip' s papers. 2. list, komakanga (_) ornith. (species of) finch.
2. see kokwa. index.
koto ya kupigilia. (rough) gravel (for making
concrete), makokoto ya kutomelea. paving
komamanga (ma-) pomegranate.
2 koko*
[Engl.] (-) cocoa. 2 mkoko. kololo (ma- ll Cf. mkoma-
Cf. manga, 2\] an
ga .
kokoa 1. sweep up/away. 2. wash away. kokwa, koko (— ma-)

, 1. fruit-stone. 2. nut.
koloni* [Engl.] (ma-) colony, colonial prop-
komanguku (-) komanguku (a wild herb,
appl. kokolea. maji yameukokolea mcha- — ya jicho. eyeball. 3. coll., anat. (— za erty, afisi ya makoloni. Colonial Office, Crotalaria senegalensis).
nga. The water has washed away the sand. chini/pumba) testicle. uhuru wa watu wa makoloni. freedom for the
colonial peoples. Cf. kikoloni, mkoloni,
komanya rare know, understand. (= faliamu.)
uknlnni.
ciow, cttcKie. caus. komanza. inform, announce; explain.
kokomea drive/knock/wedge in. Cf. kongo- 2 kola koma stop, end, cease; come to an end, reach komanza caus. of komanya.
see kc
a goal/destination, prov. lisilo na mkoma
hujikoma lenyewe. A matter
*kole (ma-) coconut-palm branch.
that has not komaza caus. of komaa.
Cf. Ankole
kokomoa (& intr. kokomoka) 1. throw up, been settled settles itself, caus. komesha.
vomit. 2. fig. blurt out. put a stop to, bring to an end, terminate;
kole (ma-) hostage (someone held as surety komba hollow out, scratch out; press out,
cut short, curtail, amekomeshwa. He has
for another's debt). koleza empty; scrape off, clean out. -
kokomoka Cf. 2. dafu.
intr. of kokomoa. been compelled komesha maneno.
to stop,
scrape out the meat of a coconut. -
cut off
chu-
a debate, komesha vita, break off
kolea 1. season, prepare (foods). 2.
ngu. clean out a pot. /i>.-fulani mali.
kokona, sosona wipe oneself with leaves fig.
hostilities. îkomo, 3
Cf. mkoma, ukomo, take the money out of someone's
make something appear attractive (by arts pocket,
(after a bowel movement). ukomeshaji.
- ko- impoverish/ruin someone, double appl.
of persuasion), caus. koleza. 1.
koleza moto. kombelea. double appl.-intr.

kokoreka see kokoleka.
lea. 2.: start or encourage kombeleka.
2 koma
(ma-) koma (edible fruit of the mkoma). amekombeleka. He has
a fire (with oil, etc.). lost his last cent.
He is completely ruined.
Cf. komboa,
kokorocha see korocha.
kolego (ma-) spade, shovel.
koma (ma-) koma (spirit of a deceased per- ikombe, 3kombe, Ikombo, 3k om
bo, kikomba,
son). kikombe, kikombo, ukombe.
kokota draw, pull, drag. — gari. pull a wagon.
— maneno. speak slowly or with
kolekole (— ) kolekole (large fish).
fig. dif-
4 koma* 2 komba
ficulty. — roho. be short of breath, [Engl.] (-) comma. (-) 1. zool. galago (which drinks
koleo, kweleo (— ma-) 1. tongs, pincers, the sap of the coconut palm). - wa
breathe with difficulty. — kazi. work ,
Bukini.
slowly, appl. kokotea. intr. kokoteka.
pliers, forceps, tweezers. 2. koleo (a komaa 1. be full-grown/mature (people or ani- lemur. 2. coll.: mlevi kama -. a heavy
long pole with a bent end for picking fruit mals). 2. be over-ripe (fruit). 3. drinker (lit..- one who drinks like a komba).
caus. kokoteza. refl. jikokota. drag one- fig. be
from trees). 3. notch in an arrow. decayed/ruined; lose strength/vitality; be
self along, move slowly /with difficulty.
demoralized, caus. komaza. 1. aid/pro- 3 komba
Cf. kokotevu, mkokoto. (_) komba (kind of fish).
koleza 1. caus. of kolea. 2. make someone mote/encourage development/growth. 2. de-
accountable for another's offense or debt; moralize, ruin.
kokotevu adj. slow, hesitant, dilatory. kombaini* [Engl, combine] (-, ma-) 1.
keep back/withhold something. Cf. ^kole.
Cf. kokota. union, alliance club.
, 2. sport combined
komafi (ma-) komafi (fruit of the mkomafi). team.
kombamoyo 240 komiti
komitii 241
kongoa
kombamoyo (ma-) roof-beam, rafter. komboa 1. get out, scrape out. 2. buy off,
komitii* (-) see
redeem, ransom; free, liberate; save, komiti<
frel.J
ônde (ma-) fist. piga _
kombamwiko usoni# stfike some _
(-) cockroach. (= mende.) redeem. — deni. pay /settle a debt. reft.
komo (ma-) one , n the face with
see kikomo. the fist. fig.
jikomboa. buy oneself off; recover/recoup p Ra j
moyo -. display
kombati courage/manliness. Cf.
(ma-) see kumbati. (one's losses, in gambling, etc.). appl.
komoa inv.
konzi.
of komea.
kombolea. intr. komboka. caus. komboza.
*kombe (— ma-) , 1. a bivalve shellfish. Cf, *komba, ^kombo, mkombozi, ukombozi;
komoo (-) expulsion, exorcism. 2 konde
- (ma-) (small) field, cultivated
— ya pwani. also (dial.) gomboa. ya koikoi. plot of
oyster (= chaza). 2. dish,
exorcising of an evil spirit. land. |i ma _. cultivate a plot of land.
plate. 3. anat. shoulder-blade, scapula. Cf. komea.
— la kichwa. skull. Cf. *komba. kombora* (ma-) bomb, shell, grenade, rocket.
— dogo. (hand-)grenade. — ômpania* LPort. j (-) mil. °konde ma -) stone, pit (of fruit),
la atomiki. company. ( (= kokwa.)
^kombe (— ) kombe (a climbing plant yielding

atomic bomb. — la hydrogen, hydrogen
2 ikondo (-) arch.,
bomb. kompania* (_) see kampuni.
poison for arrows). liter, battle, combat, war.
(- vita.)
kombozi (ma-) see ukombozi. komred* tEngl.l (_) comrade.

''kombe (— ) gouge, scraper. Cf. *komba.
kondo (_): _ ya
nyuma> afterbirth> siku
kome (ma-) pearl oyster (Cassis madagas- komwe ma -) komwe (seeds of y&
4 kombe
( the mkomwe; kondoni. period of a woman's
(— ): kunywa — . treatment by a
cariensis). *kombe. used as counters
recovery
Cf. in playing bao). after childbirth.
witch doctor (the witch doctor writes on a
plate which is then washed off and the komea close, bolt, latch (a door). — mlango. kona* (_) secret meeting kondoo (_) sheep.
water drunk by the patient).
place; a second _ dume. ram. - jike.
bolt a door. appl. komelea. intr. komeka. establishment maintained by a ewe. manyoyaya-.
marriedman (sheep's) wool,
caus. komeza. in v. komoa. 1. unbolt. for his mistress. fleece. Cf. kikondoo.
kombeo, kumbewe (ma-) sling, catapult. 2. free, liberate. 3. dishonor,
fig. fig.
piga — . throw by use of a sling. bring into disrepute. Cf. komeo. 2 kona*
L Engl J (_) corner „
konesha* [.Engl J sport throw a corner
(football). Cf. 2 kona>
*kombo (ma-) (usually makombo) 1. piece, komeo (ma-) bar, bolt, latch (on a door or
konda waste away, become
fragment, morsel. 2. crumbs. window). komea. thin/emaciated,
leftovers, Cf.
lose one's strength; pine
away, languish.
ônga become old/weak/sickly,
sili makombo ya mtu mwingine. I don't caus.
- kwa njaa. become emaciated from star-
kongesha. make old, wear out.
eat another man's crumbs. 3. fig. trash, komishena*, komeshena \_Engl. J (— ) compass.
vation, appl. koitdea. Jongwa. Cf. kikongwe, 2k„ ngoka k
missioner. caus. kondesha. o n go ja
junk. Cf. komba. ,
,
refl.-caus. jikondesha. kongwe, mkongojo, mkongwe,
languish, pine ukongwe.
away, grieve.
^kombo (ma-) pardon; reprieve, amnesty. komisheni*, kamisheni tEngl. J (— ) com- 2
konga (-) konga (dance).
omba —. beg pardon, pa — . grant pardon.
kondakta* tEngl.'] (ma-) conductor.
Cf. komboa. konge pi. pf ukonge.
komiti*, komitii, kamiti tEngl. J (— ) com-
kondavi, kondawi (ma-) string of beads worn
mittee. — ya uchaguzi. pol. electoral
^kombo (ma-) 1. curve, bend, twist; crooked- around the loins by women. kongoa draw (pull, tear, break) out,
committee. — ya kawaida. standing com- extract;
ness. 2. hook, hooked implement. 3. fig. disconnect. - msumari (ji„o). pull out a
mittee. — ndogo. subcommittee.
fault,. defect; difficulty. 4. fig. fad. kondawi (ma-) nail (tooth), appl.
see kondavi. kongolea. take apart/
Cf. 1 komba. to pieces, intr, kongoka. become discon-
nected, come apart.
kongoja 242 konokono kon
243 koplo
kongoja walk unsteadily, stagger, totter, appl. (a children's game, in which one child walks konsonanti* [Engl.] (-) phon. consonant.
koo (ma-) anat. throat, Adam's apple, craw.
kongojea. fimbo ya kukongojea. walking on stilts and represents a stork).
stick, cane, appl.-refl. jikongojea. walk un- kontinenti* [Engl J (-) geogr. continent.
2 koo
steadily with the aid of a cane. konga, kongowea rare greet (in a servile way), salute. - la Afrika. the continent of Africa. (ma-) 1. a breeding female animal. -
Cf. la
mkongojo. kondoo. brood ewe. - la kuku. brooding hen.

kontrakta* [Engl.] 2. fig., coll. mistress, prostitute.
^kongwa (ma-) arch, slave stick (a pole with (_, rare ma-) contractor.
kongojo pi. of ukongojo. See mkongojo.
a forked end and a cross pin, used for
3 koo
shackling slaves by the neck). konya float, hover, swing, rock, wave, pi. of iukoo.
A
kongoka intr. pf kongoa. flutter, bendera inakonya.The flag waves.
caus. sep tnnyeza. koongo, koroneo (ma-) 1. rl,»p reSE ; G: . :_ .j..
earth; drainage, catchment.

^kongoka be old. Cf. ^konga. fodder, Commelina bracteosa). 2. ravine, gully.
2konya (-) konya 3. hole dug for planting seed.

(a children's game).
kongomana 1. come together, assemble, meet, Ikongwe (— ) mus. soloist, leader of a chorus/
crowd/pack together, pile/heap/ konyeza {caus. of konya) kopa (ma-) (usually makopa)
gather. 2. choir, toa — . lead (singing), start a song (in 1. give a sign/ (pieces of dried)
stack up; weld together, agglomerate. 3. be which others join).
signal; wink, beckon; warn. ass. konyezana.
joined/united. wink/make a gesture at each other (as a
sign of mutual understanding or 2 kopa*
^kongwe (— ) kongwe (a perennial plant, Aneilema as a greet- [Port J ( ma -) cards (suit of) hearts,
kongomea join, put together, fasten, nail, ing). 2. (ma-) see konyezo. Cf. konyezo, ace of hearts.
aequinoctale/ sinicum).
attach, hang up. Cf. kokomea. mkonyezo, ukonyezo.
3 kopa
^kongwe adj. old, worn-out. bibi kikongwe. 1. borrow, take on credit,
konyezo, konyeza (ma-) sign, signal; nimemkopa
kongomeo (ma-) fastening, connection. woman. mkongwe, wink; rafiki yangu fedha.
a very old Cf. *konga, I have borrowed money
warning. Cf. konyeza.
kikongwe, ukongwe. from my friend, prov. kukopa rahisi, kulipa
^kongomeo (ma-) anat. larynx, Adam's apple. natanga. Borrowing is pleasure, paying
konyo (ma-) great number, abundance. - la
Cf. koromeo. konje (— ) zool. konje (species of marten). back is pain. caus. kopesha. lend, extend
nazi. a great quantity of coconuts.
credit. 2. cheat, defraud. Cf. ôpe, kikopo,
kongoni, kuguni (— ) zool. kongoni (species of konjo (ma-) see konzo. mkopaji, mkopeshi, mkopo, ukopaji.
konyoa, kongonyoa, konoa tear/pluck/pick off.
antelope: hartebeest, gnu, topi). (= nyumbu.)
- maua (matunda). pick flowers (fruit). _
kono (mi-) (augm. of mkono) 1. (fore-)paw. kope, kopo (ma-) loan, credit.
maungo. divide/separate into parts. Cf. 3kopa.
kongonyoa see konyoa. 2. handle, grip. 3.: — la tembo. trunk of an
elephant. Cf. mkono. 2 kope

konzi (_, ma -) 1. fist; a blow with the (-) burnt end of a wick.
fist.
kongoro (-) old bull. Cf. konga.
piga -. strike with the fist. 2. the open
konoa see konyoa.
hand. 3. handful. ônde. kope (-, ma -) anat.
kongosho (— ) anat. pancreas, thymus, sweet-
Cf. eyelash, eyelid, kwa -
la juu na chini. in the twinkling of an eye.
bread. Ikonokono (ma-, — ) slug, snail. (= koa.) konzo, konjo (ma-; augm.
of mkonzo), ukonzo, Cf. kikope, ukope.
ukonjo (konzo) stick, rod, pole (with a
kong'ola, gong'ota 1. beat (hides, in preparing
^konokono (— ) konokono (variety of tree, hardened used as a hunting weapon or
tip,
i,
kopesa: - macho, blink, wink,
leather). 2. hammer (metals).
Annona squamosa). pit traps).
koplo* [Engl.'] (wa-) mil. corporal.

kongoti (ma-) 1. ornith. heron, stork. 2. kongoti
kopo 244 koromo
korone 245 koti
korofi* 1. adj. rough, wild, brutal, cruel; un-

Ikopo (ma-) see kopc.
ikorongo (ma-) see
lucky, ominous, disastrous, 2. (— ) korofi koongo. offense; sin; lack, deficiency,
tia kosani.
(a species of bird supposed to bring bad blame, rebuke; accuse.
Cf. kosefu,
2 kopo* [Port.] (ma-)
mako-
1. metal vessel, can; 2 korongo
luck). Cf. korofika, mkorofi, ukorofi. (ma-) 1. heron, stork. 2. fig.
sekano, mkosaji, ukosekano.
long-
pan, pot. 2.: samaki ya — canned
. fish.
legged person.
3.: — la maji ya mvua. gutter, eaves, rain- caus.
korofika* be ruined, suffer misfortune, kosa (_) kosa (sheaf of 60
cornstalks).
spout.
korofisha. ruin/injure someone, bring some- ôroro, kololo (ma-) ornith.
crested guinea
one bad luck/misfortune. Cf. korofi. fowl (Guttera pucherani). kosakosa adv.
Cf. ânga. almost, nearly.
kora, kola rare please; be enough/sufficient,
suffice. Cf. kikora, kikore. KhpL carbine. Germ. Flinte

korofindo* [ ? Cf. 'Se. u
-kororo (ma-) uu'/. incorrect, erroneous; faulty,
med. Basedow's disease,
? ] (— ) arch, muzzle-loader, musket. defective,
exophthalmic goiter. kazi ni -. The work is defecth
korani*, kurani (— ) Koran.
Cf. ôsa.
korofisha* caus. of korofika.
3 kororo sing,
kore (-) rare (cultivated) field, garden, (sound of) heavy breathing,
kosha* [indj (_) (sweet) palm wine.
kikore. snoring. Cf. 2 koroma.
plantation. (= shamba.) Cf. koroga stir (up), mix, shake; (fig.) agitate,
provoke. — simu. si. call someone up on the

koshi* Oers.] (ma-) slipper.
korlio* (-) see koho. telephone. = more formal piga simu). Cf. korosho (ma-) cashew nut.
( Cf. mkorosho.
mkoroga, mkorogo, ukorogefu. kosi (ma-) anat. (nape of the) neck, cervical
korija*, korja [lnd.~\ korija (unit of quantity korota* rare snore, pant. 2
Cf. koroma. vertebra, coll. vun ja -. break one's neck.
used in selling: score, 20 units). korokoni* (-) see korokoroni.
Cf. kikosi, ukosi.
korowai (-) korowai (a variety of rice).
korja* (-) see korija.

korokoroni*, korokoni, kirokironi, kirokoroni,
ikota (ma-) curve, bend, hook, crook.
(-) 1. jail. koroweza - la njia.
karakoli, karakoni [Turk.'] 1. confuse, embarrass, baffle, dis-
bend in a road.
koro adv., rare altogether, throughout. 2. rare guardhouse, police station. concert, take aback. 2. rare seize, grasp
(by the throat); catch (a ball, a

thief). 3„ 2 kota
(ma-), kikota (vi-) (sweet) millet-stalk
arch. fig. rack one's brains (over something).
ôroboi* [Engl, carbine ?] (-) ^koroma (ma-) koroma (coconut when almost
(chewed like candy).
muzzle-loader. (
= gobori.) Cf. makorowezo.
ripe). Cf. kikoromeo.
2 koroboi* [Engl, carbide?] (-) small lamp.

2 koroma 1. breathe heavily, pant; snore; groan,
korti* [Engl J ( ma .) see 2^ 3kota inf. of ota.
sigh; purr (like a cat). 2. (ma-) (also koromo)

kotama (-) short, curved knife
ôsa 1. err, be mistaken, make a mistake. (used for slash-
3 koroboi* [.Engl, call a boy or crew boy ? ] snore, snoring; groan, sigh; purr(ing). Cf.
ing the bark of palm trees in
nimekosa. I was mistaken, haikosi. undoubt- order to collect
(-) arch, native child employed at a koromeo, kikoromeo, mkoromaji, mkoromo. the sap for making palm wine).
edly, doubtless. 2. do wrong; (rel.) sin,
mission. Cf. boi.
commit a sin. 3. lack, be wanting.
1. larynx. 2. esophagus, 4. be un-
koromeo (ma-) anat. kote {loc. of -ote) adv. 1. everywhere.
2 successful, not achieve one's purpose. 2 always
korocha, korochakorocha, kokorocha poke, gullet. Cf. koroma. 3. red. kotekote: kisu kinakata -. The knife
5. deviate, go astray; miss one's mark. -
stick, pierce. cuts on both edges.
2 njia. lose one's way. pass, koswa. be with-
koromo (ma-) see koroma 2.
out a means of escape, get into a
korodani* [Pers.'] (-) 1. sheave (of a pulley). cul-de-sac.
2
ass. kosekana. be missing/lacking. koti* [Engl.] (ma-) coat, jacket; (women's)
scrotum, testicles. 6. (ma-)
2. anat.
error, mistake; two-piece suit.
blame, censure; wrong,
1
koti 246 kuba kuba 247 kue
kikristo, mkristo, ukristo; also masi- kubazi*, kubadhi (ma-) sandal. (= kiatu,
^koti*, korti lEngl.j (ma-) lawcourt Cf. kucheza sing. see mchezo.
= baraza, hakumu, sheria). hiya. koshi, mtalawanda, ndara.)
( — kuu, — rufaa.
court of appeal, supreme court. kuchi (— ) gamecock, fighting cock.

kubla* (_, ma-) see kuba.
^kua grow, grow up; be increased/enlarged/
magnified, appl. kulia. caus. kuza. 1. kuchwa see chwa.

*koto (— ) 1= arch, obligatory labor (of a slave).
kubwa adj. 1. big, large, great, mji mkubwa.
raise, rear, cultivate; (fig.) increase,
2. (also kotokoto ) extra earnings (from jobs
a big/large city.
magazeti yaliikuza habari The 2. fig. important, signifi- kudhamini* sing,
outside of one's regular working-hours). magnify, hii. surety, security, bail. Cf.
cant, influential. mtu mkubwa. an important/
newspapers have magnified/blown up these dhamini.
influential personage.
reports. 2. phot, enlarge. — picha. enlarge 3. essential, princi-
koto (ma-) large fishhook (for catching _..i nr i._.i _
_.__ pal; serious, weightv. npnr. _ a w e ;„v, ty L-mJI... — .,„:* ( i—
_,\ .
- -
ûi.vu, i.
l i
i .
a (juuiugiap... ^;. n.uu,

=
^.û..u, i
v r ,„„. fila „ Ill c
.
v
- Komamanga,).
sharks). utterance. 4. old, dignified,
mkulivu, mkuzaji, ukuaji, ukulifu, ukuzaji. ndugu mkubwa. Cf. mkudhumani.
the older brother. strong, heavy,
5. mvua
kotokoto (— ) see *koto 2. kubwa. a heavy rain. 6. loud, sema kwa
kuwa, q.v. kudra* (_) see kudura.
^kua dial, for
sauti -. speak in a loud voice. 7. real,
kotwe (— ) (white-backed) duck (Thalassornis total, utter; regular, confirmed fused with a kudu (-) kudu (kind of fish).
kuaga, kuagana sing, parting, farewell. Cf.
leuconotus). n. or another adj. simply to intensify
1 its
meaning, like the adv. sanaj. mwizi mkubwa. kudura*, kudra (-) rel. rare power, might.
kovo (— ma-) , see kovu. a regular thief. Mtu huyu mlevi mkubwa.
kuagana sing. see kuaga.
ni (= nguvu, uwezo.) - ya Mungu. the might
This fellow is a confirmed drunkard. (= kuu; of God. Cf. makadara.
kovu, kovo (— , ma-) scar, mwenye — . a person also kua, tukuka.)
cf. Cf. makubwa, mkubwa,
kuamkia sing, greeting. Cf. amkia.
disfigured by a scar. ukubwa. kuendesha sing, driving. - motokaa. automo-
bile driving. Cf enda.
kuba*, kubba, guba, kubla (— ma-) , 1. dome,
kowana (— ) kowana (edible fish). kubwebwe, kumbwebwe, kumbewe (ma-) sling.
cupola, vault. 2. geogr. gulf, bay. Cf.
piga — . throw with a sling. kufa sing, dying, death. -
kikuba. ni kubaya. Dying
koya rare be contented/happy.
is bad. Cf. fa.
kucha 3
kubadhi* (ma-) see kubazi. {inf. of cha) 1. dawn, (early) morning
koza be bright, shine, rangi hii imekoza. This
(= pambauko.) kufika (inf. of fika, used sometimes like a
2. dark(ness). usika -. the
is a very bright color.
whole night long, amelala -. He slept the prep.) to, as far as.
kubali*, kabuli, kibali, takabali agree, consent; amesafiri -Tanga. He
whole night through. traveled to Tanga.
acknowledge; admit, approve, appl. kubalia.
Ikozi (-), kikozi (vi-) (species of) hawk,
appl.-ass. kubaliana. be of one mind, be on
2 kucha (ma-) kufuli* (_, ma-) padlock.
good terms with each other, intr. kubalika. {augment, of ukucha) claw (of a
^kozi (— ) pinnule, fibrous sheath (of the
be acceptable, be deserving of recognition. lion, etc.), talon (of a bird of prey).
kufuru* 1. offend, injure. .2. rel. abandon a
coconut palm). caus. kubalisha. persuade, talk over, prevail
religion, turn apostate, appl. kufuria. intr.
on someone to agree to something. Cf. ^kueha pi. of ukucha.
cream, salve. kufurika. caus. kufurisha. 3. (ma-, us. pi.)
krimu* {.Engl.1 (-) Cf. ukubali.
2.. .
kirimu.
sacrilege, atheism. - sakramenti. sacrilege.
kuchanganya sing, (act of) mixing, mixture.
Cf. kafiri, makufuru.
kubaza* LPers.'] puff up, swell, be inflated. — chokaa na mchanga. a mixture of mortar
Kristo*, Kristu [.Port. ?] Christ. Yesu -. kuba.
Cf. and sand.
- Mfalme. Christ the King. kugesi (-) (also kigesi, kigezi, vi-) anklet.
Jesus Christ.
!
kuguni 248 kuli

kulia 249 kumbe
kuguni (— ) see kongoni. kukurika* 1. be excited/upset/distressed. 2
be sad/depressed/melancholy. 3. fight, kulia (-) right side. pol. the right, right- kuma (-) anat,., vulg. vagina (= uke).
kuhani* (ma-) see kahini. wrestle. Cf. kukuru.

wing, -a -. right, mkono wa -. the right
hand. Cf. la appl.
kumba 1. push, shove, jostle; butt. 2. destroy,
kuhusiana* na... see husu, husiana. kukuru* (— ) 1. excitement, uneasiness. 2. do away with. caus. kumbiza, kumbisha.
distress, depression. 3. fighting, wrestling. 2 kulia
appl. of kua. push someone aside; push something off on
kuhusu* {inf. of husu used as prep.) con- Cf. kakara, kikiri, kukurika. someone; force something on someone.
cerning. kulifu see kulivu. kumbizia fulani kazi. push a job off on
kukusa be inattentive/careless/negligent/ someone, ass. kumbana. push/shove each
kuingiza sing., econ. import(ing), importation. slovenly. kulihali* adv. in any case, events.
at all other; bump into each other, collide: hntt
Cf. ingia. (each other), fight (cattle, etc.). Cf. ki-

kukuta 1. shake off (drops of water). 2. gasp kuliko 1. than (in comparisons), kumbo, * mkumbizi, ukumbaji.
mji huu
kujiendesha: —a — . adj. automatic. Cf. enda. for breath, breathe with difficulty, intr. mkubwa — ule. This city is larger than that
kukutika. be shaken off, be dry /dried off. one. 2. rare as to, as regards.
kumba 1. clear out/away, clean/sweep out;
kujitawala* sing. pol. self-government,
bail (water out of a boat; - 3 vua). 2. make
autonomy, independence. Cf. tawala. kukutaa be hard, be dried up (e.g., the ground kulingana na... according to... linga.
Cf. a clean sweep of something, monopolize.
by the sun). Cf. kukuta, kukutu.
appl. kumbia. pass, kumbwa. Cf. ^kumbo,
kujitowa sing. — makosa. self-criticism. Cf. kulivu, kulifu adj. 1. lacking perseverance/ mkumbizi, mkumbo, ûkumbizi.
toa, kutowana. kukutu adv.: kauka — . be completely dry. Cf.
grit, slack, indolent, apathetic. 2. oppres-
kukuta, kukutaa. sive, burdensome, troublesome. 3. tedious,
' kumba, kumbakumba adj. mixed, miscella-
kujiua sing, suicide. Cf. ua. boring. Cf. kua, ukulifu.
see kuukuu. neous, heterogenous.
kukuu adj.
kuke, kuuke sing. 1. the female side (of a kuliwi (— ) kuliwi (species of insect).
4 kumba
loc. kukeni. on one's mother's kula eat. Cf. la. (-) kumba (kind of fish).
family),
side, jamaa ya kukeni. relatives on one's kulia* see kila.
mother's side of the family. 2. rare: mkono kulabu*, kalubu (— ) hook, clamp. kumbakumba see kumba.
la — . left hand. Cf. ke. kuludhu* (— ) see kiludhu.

2
kulasitara* (-) ornith. (black) heron. Cf. la, kumbati, kombati (-) pole (used in building
kuki (ma-) see mkuki. stiri. kulula* rare be superior, surpass, excel. houses).
= shinda, pita.)
(
- huko. in kule adv. 1. that, in that place. 2. adv. there, kumbatia embrace, take
kuko adv. there, in/to that place. in the arms. intr.
in/to that place, red. kulekule. in that very kumbatika. caus. kumbatisha. ass. kumba-
that very/same place. kululu 1. (ma-) kululu (large kind of cowrie
place, kule-e-e! (in giving directions, etc.) tiana. mtoto alikumbatiana na mamaye. The
shell of very small value), 2. fig., adv. of
Way over there! A long way off! child and its mother embraced each other.
Ikuku (— ) poultry, fowl, chicken, hen. mtoto little value, amepata — . He has received
wa — . chick. something utterly worthless.
kulea sing, upbringing, (traditional) education. kumbe interj. expressing surprise. — ni yeye
Cf. lea. aliyevunja nyumba! So he is the one who
^kuku adv.: - huku. right there, in that very kululu (ma-) kululu (species of locust).
broke into the house. Ah, — kila mtu ni
place. dock-worker, longshoreman.
kuli* Llnd. ] (ma-) 1. tayari ila mimi! So everybody is ready except
kulungu, kuungu, kungu (— ) kulungu (species
2. fig. dock, wharf, shipyard. me
of antelope, bushbuck, Tragelaphus
sylvaticus ). Ikumbewe (ma-) see kubwebwe.
kumbe 250 kuna kuna 251 kungwala
kunazi* [PersJ (ma-) kunazi

^kumbewe (ma-) see kombeo. 3. memorial, monument, statue, jumba la (fruit of the
kunge, kungu, kungugu (_) fog, mist.
mkunazi, jujube). Cf. mkunazi, kikunazi.
makumbusho. museum. Cf. kumbuka.
*kumbi, kutnvi (ma-) 1. vegetable fiber ûngu (ma-) kungu (edible kernel of the mkungu
kumbwaya (— ) 1. kumbwaya (kind of drum which kunda (ma-) kunda (a kind of vegetable
(usually from coconut palm leaves. 2. chaff. fruit). Cf. 2 mkungu.
stands on legs). 2.: ngoma ya — . kind of similar to spinach).
dance.
^kumbi (ma-) 1. circumcision hut (where boys kungu (ma-) see jungu.
kunda see kunja.
stay before and after being circumcised).
kumbwe (ma-) coll. bite, taste, snack. — na
2. rare circumcision. 3 kungu (-)
kinyweo. food and drink. kundaa be small/underdeveloped/stunted/ see kulungu.
J,.,„.r„j.
..^.u,
-ill-,
smivti,
omiiiji,
...
mtu aiiyekundaa.
''kumbi pi. of ukumbi. kumbwebwe (ma-) see kubwebwe. dwarf, pygmy. 4 kungu
(-) see kunge.
kumbikumbi (— ) winged white ant (especially kumi 1. ten. —a — . tenth. 2. (ma-) decade (of kunde kungugu (-) 2
pi. of ukunde. see kunge.
when in the edible flying stage). a month). — la kwanza (kati, mwisho). first
(middle, last) decade. 3. a tenth, tithe.

kundi (ma-) 1. herd. _ la wanyama. a herd of kungumanga (-) nutmeg. Cf. mkungumanga;
Cf. kikumi.
*kumbo (ma-) destruction, devastation, annihi- cattle. 2. swarm, flock. _ la ndege (nyuki). also basibasi.
lation, depopulation. Cf. kumba. a flock/swarm of birds/bees. 3. group,
kumoja (— ) one (and the same) kind, uniformity,
band, troupe, makundi makundi. in large kunguni (-) 1. bug, bedbug. - mgunda.
2.:
homogeneity. Cf. moja.
^kumbo (ma-) see kikumbo. groups/crowds. - la manowari. naut. an insect which eats the roots of growing
flotilla, squadron. - la askari. mil. plants.
kumpuni (— ) see kampuni.
squadron. 4. an unregistered association;
kumbufu adj.: mtu mkumbufu. a person with a
good memory. kumbuka.
(rare) (political) party. - la mbele. comm. kunguru (_) ornith.
Cf. kumunta see kung'uta. (species of) crow (Corvus
vanguard.
albus).
kumbuka remember, call to/bear in mind; recog- kumunto (ma-) see kung'uto.
kundu (ma-) anat. anus. {- mkundu.)
nize, appl. kumbukia. caus. kumbusha. Cf. kunguru (ma-) blue and white checked cotton
kumbufu, kumbuko, kumbukumbu, kumbusho,
^kumvi (ma-) see kum'bi. cloth.
Ikunga fold, hem, seam, edge, trim (with
kikumbuko, mkumbufu, ukumbuko, ukumbusho. tape).
— nguo. hem/trim a garment.

kung'uta, kumunta 1. shake, shake off. -
^kumvi pi. of ukumvi.
kumbuko (ma-) 1. memory, recollection, remem-
mavumbi. shake off dust. 2. separate, sift,
brance. 2. reflection, consideration, thought. kunga 1. instruct, teach (especially in con- winnow. 3. check carefully, examine,
Cf. kumbuka. ^kuna there is/are in that place, shambani — nection with the initiation of boys and girls scrutinize, reft, jikung'uta. shake oneself.
minazi. There are coconut-palms in the when they reach sexual maturity). 2. (ma-) kung'uto, mkung'uto.
Cf.
kumbukumbu (ma-, — ) 1. - kumbusho. 2. plantation. — nini? What's the matter? secret. Cf. kungwi, Imkunga, ukunga,
memory, ana — nzuri. He has a good memory. ukungwi. kung'uto, kumunto (ma-) winnowing or sifting
Cf. kumbuka. ''kuna scratch, scrape, grate. — nazi. remove basket. Cf. kung'uta.
3 kunga (-) - ya uzazi.
the meat of a coconut from the shell, reft. : anat. umbilical cord.
kumbusha caus. of kumbuka. jikuna. scratch oneself. mkuno; kunguwala see kungwala.
Cf. kuno,
also kunyua. kunge (-) 1. wood-fiber. 2. center of a tree,

kumbusho, kumbukumbu (ma-) 1. memory, re- kungwala, kunguwala
heart. stumble.
collection. 2. memento, souvenir.
kungwi 252 kupia
kupita 253
kushoto
kungwi (ma-) , ngungwi (-) 1. midwife. 2. kunradhi* interj. Excuse me! Pardon me! Cf.
assistant at initiation rites, fig. mimi ni radhi.
kupita 1. see pita. 2. than (in comparisons). kurumbizi, kurumbiza (-)
— lako. I understand the matter better than nyumba
ornith. golden oriole
9
hii knbwa - il e. This house is larger (Oriolus oriolus).
you do. Cf. kunga. kunvnu (ma-) empty husk/spike (of grain). than that one.
(- pepe.) — la mawele. empty /withered ear
kurunzi*, hurunzi (-) 1. flashlight, searchlight.
kungwia (-) kungwia (kind of dance). of millet. kuponi* [Engl.l (-) coupon. 2. (cigarette-)lighter.
kuni pi. pf ukuni. kunusa sing, sense of smell. Cf. nuka. kupua 1. shake out/off; drop. _ nguo. throw kurupuka be surprised/startled/frightened.
off one's clothes, fig. _ ma li. waste/ caus. kurupusha. startle/frighten
kunja (dial, kunda) fold (up), close (e.g., a kunyanzi (ma-) crease.
someone.
1. fold, 2. fig. wrinkle. squander property. 2. pour out, spill. _ refl.-caus. jikurupusha. rise with a start,
pocketknife), wind up (string, etc.); (naut.) Cf. kunja. maii. snill w»t»r ~->„7 i.-_
- rr „ napuna. MU. KUpU-
I . i
iuuse oneseif.
furl, take in (sail), fig. — uso. wrinkle the ka. 1. be shaken off; be an outcast/fugitive.
forehead, make a face. — uzi. wind up yarn. kunyata press, squeeze, refl. jikunyata.
2. fig. be depraved/infamous (in character). kurupusha caus. of kurupuka.
coll. mkewe amemkunja. He is henpecked. 1. embrace. 2. fig. be depressed, mbona
Cf. m4<upuo, mkupuzi.
prov. samaki mkunje yungali mbichi. Tie up umejikunyata sana? Why are you so depressed/
kururu (-) kururu (white crab).
the fish while it is fresh, refl. jikunja. sad? Cf. kunja. kura* (_) 1. lot, chance, piga (tupa) -. cast/
crouch, cower, ass. kunjana. heal (wounds). draw lots. 2. fate, destiny. - ilimwangukia kuruta smooth, make even. Cf. guruta.
stat. kunjama. s tat. -ass. kunjamana. be kunyua 1. scratch/cut/hurt oneself. 2. warn, yeye. Fate caught up with him. 3. pol.
wrinkled, kunjamana uso. wrinkle the fore- give a sign. appl. kunyulia. intr. kunyuka. voting, balloting. - ya siri. secret voting, kurutu* [Engl.2 (-, ma-) recruit, trainee.
head, frown, inv. kunjua. unfold, smooth Cf. kuna. voting by ballot, piga -. cast a vote, vote.
out, spread out. kunjua uzi. unwind a ball a vote (in an election), ballot,
4. kwa - kuruwiji (_) ornith. (species of) bulbul.
of yarn, kunjua miguu. stretch out the legs. kuo (ma-) 1. furrow; ditch, trench; hole, pit. ayiflgi zai&u by majority vote.
kunjua uso. smile, inv. -refl. jikunjua. be 2. hole for planting seed, bed. 3. cultivated
kusa caus. of kuta.
hospitable/obliging. Cf. kunjo, kunjufu, plot/parcel of land, nyosha — mark
. out a kurani* (-) see korani.
kikunja, kikunjo, mkunjaji, mkunjo, uku- field.
kusanya (double caus. of ûta) collect,
gather,
njufu. kurasa* pi. of ukurasa. assemble, pile up, accumulate. - mali.
kuona sing, sensation, feeling. — kwangu.
accumulate wealth. - jeshi. assemble an
kunjama stat. of kunja. in my opinion. Cf. ona. kurea (-) ornith. kurea (species of king- army. intr. kusanyika. ass. kusanyana.
fisher).
assemble, meet together. Cf. kusanyiko,
kunjo (ma-) 1. fold, crease. 2. wrinkle. - la kupa* (ma-) side-piece of a pulley.
mkusanya, mkusanyiko.
nywele. lock of hair. Cf. kunja. kuro (-) zool. kuro (species of antelope,
kupanda sing, planting-time. = wakati wa — .)
( waterbuck). kusanyiko, kusanyo (ma-) 1. gathering, assem-
kunjua inv. of kunja. Cf. panda.
blage (without special purpose), crowd.
2.
kuru* (_) (solid) cylindrical object.
Cf. gathering-place. Cf. kusanya.
kunjufu adj. serene, untroubled; frank, honest; kupasuliwa sing., med. :
operation. — kwa mzinga.
friendly, cordial, obliging; cheerful, genial. moyo. heart operation. Cf. pasua.
kusanyo (ma-) see kusanyiko.
Cf. kunja (inv.), ukunjufu. kuruba* (-) curve, bend.
kupe (— ) (cattle-)tick.
kusha caus. of kuta.
kuno (ma-) 1. scraping, scratching. 2. product kurubia see karibia.
of scraping/scratching, that which has been kupia 1. wink, blink. 2. nod, doze, nap.
kushoto (-) left side. pol. the left, left-wing,
scraped/scratched off. Cf. kuna. kurumbiza (-) see kurumbizi. -a -. left, mkono wa -. left hand, kutoka -
kwenda kuume. from left to right.
kusi 254 kutowana kutu 255
kutu sing.
kusi*, kussi (— ) 1. south wind, south monsoon. 4^^ p /# f u lc U ta.
1. rust, ingia _. to rust. 2. (plant) kuwa (dial, kua) conj. 1.: ya -. (so) that, (in
blight.
2. period of the south-southwest monsoon. order) that. 2.: kwa -. because.
(May - October). 3. ioc. kusini. in/from the kutaa dry up, wither. (= nyauka, kauka.
kutua, gutua 1. jerk, cause a shock, pull (sud-
south. kuwadi* (_) see kawadi.
denly). 2. fig. land (of airplanes), intr.
kutana ass. of kuta.
kutuka. be shocked/startled/frightened.
kusini* Ioc. see kusi. kuwi (_) kuwi (a fish).
caus. kutusha. shock, frighten.
meeting, Cf. mkutuo.
kutano (ma-) {usually mkutano) 1.
kussi* (— ) see kusi.

gathering (with a definite purpose). 2. kuwili adv. in two ways, in a double way. kisu
kutuzi (-) (odor of) perspiration. (= kikwapa.)
assemblage, crowd. Cf. kuta. chenye makali -. a double-edged knife.
Cf.
knetnhnni*. kiistahini. kustubani (— ) see "i!i.
kutwa see chwa.
kastabini. sing, government, rule. Cf. tawala,
kutawala*
utawala. kuyu (-) wild fig. Cf. mkuyu.
1. intend, purpose, have in kuu adj. 1. large; great, important; distin-
kusudi*, kasidi
us. appl. kusudia. guished, prominent, eminent, famous.
view, plan, propose, sing, preparation. Cf. tayari,
2. old, kuza caus. of kua.
kutayarisha*
kusudika. caus. kusudisha. 2. {also experienced. Cf. makuu, mkuu, ukuu; also
intr.
tayarisha.
intention, purpose, plan, aim. kua, kubvva.
kasida) (ma-) kuzaliwa sing, birth. Cf. zaa.
3. adv. intentionally, on purpose; in order to.
kuti (ma-) leaf (of the coconut palm). Cf. ukuti.
amevunja makusudi. He broke it intentionally, kuuke sing. see kuke. kuzi (-, ma-) water-jug (with one or two
amesafiri - akamwone. He traveled with the
non-intervention. handles). (= mtungi, chombo.)
kutoingilia(na) sing., pol.
intention of seeing him (or: in order to see kuukuu, kukuu adj. worn-out, old, useless.
Cf. ingia.
him). = shauri, maana, nia, mradi.) Cf. Cf. kikuukuu.
( kuzika, kuzikani, kuzikwa sing., rare burial,
makusudio. - pale, from there. funeral (= maziko).
kutoka prep, from, out of. Cf. zika.
2 kuume sing. 1. male/paternal side (of a
Cf. toka.
make an effort, do under family). Ioc. kuumeni. on one's father's kuzimu sing, realm of the dead, underworld;
^kusuru* try hard,
side, jamaa ya kuumeni. relatives on one's
difficulties/with great exertion. kutokana na... according to, as a result of. Cf.
(rel.) limbo, amekwenda — (or: kuzimuni).
i
father's side. 2. right side, —a — . right. He is dead. Cf. mzimu, wazimu, zimwe.
tokana ( toa).
2 mkono wa -. right hand. Cf. ume.
2 kusuru* shorten, lessen, reduce. Cf. kasa.
9 kuzumburu (-) kuzumburu (species of
kutokujua sing, ignorance, Cf. jua. bird,
kuuganisha sing, collectivization. 2 Colivus leucatis).
Cf. unga.
Ikuta come upon, meet, run across (someone or
kutoshambulia, kutoshambuliana sing., pol. non-
something), ass. kutana. meet (each other). kuungo (-) kuungo (oval stone, used to smooth k. v. abbr. of kama vile, that is, for example
create. aggression, mkataba wa — non-agression pact.
caus. kutisha, kusha, kusa. produce,
.
the surface of pottery). (i.e., e.g.).

kusanya, Cf. shambulia.
kutisha mashaka. create doubts. Cf.
kutano, îkuti, mkutano, mkuto. kuungu (-) see kulungu. kwa prep.
degeneration. Cf. tota.
1. with, by means of, by. safiri _
kutota sing,
motokaa. travel by automobile, andika -
2 kuta appease, satisfy (hunger). (- shiba.) kuvu (— ma-) mold, mildew, blight; fungus, Kiswahili. write in Swahili.
- makosa. criticism. - makosa
,
2. because of, as
kutowana sing.:
lichen. a result of. walikimbia - hofu. They fled be-
na kujitowa makosa. coram, criticism and self-
3 kuta: cause of fear. 3. with, to (a person), at/to
- mayai. lay eggs. (= taga.)
criticism. Cf.
1
toa.
kuvuli rare: mkono wa — . right hand. the home of... kaa _ fulani. live/stay with/at
!
kwaa 256 kwanua

kwanyua 257
the home of someone, kwenda — fulani. go kwakura scratch the ground (with the claws).
to (see, visit) someone. 4. in, for (a period kwanyua see kwamyua. kwaruza 1. scrape, scratch. 2. be rough/gritty/
of time), safiri — miaka mitatu. be away for kwale, kware, kwara (— ) ornith. partridge.
uneven/bumpy. Cf. kwaruzo, mkwaruzo.
three years. — mwezi miwili. in two months. kwanyulia appl. of kwamyua.
5. according — maoni yao. in their

to. kwama 1. stick, be stuck/jammed, amekwamwa kwaruzo (ma-) file, rasp. Cf. kwaruza.
opinion. 6. forming adverbs: — haraka. na mwiba wa samaki. A fishbone is stuck in kwanza adv. first, at first, in the
beginning.
hastily, quickly. — siri. secretly, mysteri- his throat. 2. naut. run aground, be stranded.
-a -. adj. first. Cf. anza.
kwasi rare 1. be rich/wealthy/affluent. 2. adj.
ously, mara — mara. again and again. — 3. fig. be in a difficult situation, inv. kwamua. rich, wealthy; extravagant,
wasteful.
moyo. by heart. — miguu. on foot. — kujua. loosen, free, extricate, inv.-appl. kwamulia. lkwao l - s " -ao. 2. loc. poss. 3rd pers. (- tajiri.) Cf. mkwasi, ukwasi.
deliberately. 7. forming conjunctions: — Cf. kwaa. plur. to/with/from them, to/at/from their
kiiwa. sincp Kprsnw, _ S2 babu («»). sir.ce, Jin U «.» I,-- — ctay v.Vlu inciii,
. siay at their ^kwata 1. (also kikwata) adv. on foot. 2. (-)
because. 8. interr. — nini? why? 9.: — heri! kwamba (also ya — ) conj. 1. that, in order that, house. 3. (ma-) birthplace, home. mil. drill, review, parade, maneuver.
Good-bye in order to. alisema (ya) ... He said that... Cf.
kiatu, kwato, liwato.
2.: kama — as . if. alisema kama — ana 9
kwao, kwazo (ma-) obstruction,
impediment.
kwaa (and refl. jikwaa) bump, stumble (against, hakika. He talked as if he were sure. 3.:
njia ya -. a rough, stony road. 2 kwata
Cf. kwaa. _
over), slip. — na jiwe. stumble over a stone. — ... — . whether ... or. — ni view an — ni (-): jeupe (jekundo). white (red)
1. be mistaken/wrong. 2. hestitate, ya vibaya. whether it is good or bad. sweet potato.

fig.
3 kwao
(-) ornith. brown-headed parrot.
falter. 3. be pugnacious/quarrelsome.
amenikwaa. He kwamua see kwama (inv.) and kwamyua. kwato (ma-), ukwato (kwato), kikwato
is trying to pick a fight with (vi-) hoof
2 kwapa (ma-) anat. armpit, chukua (futika) (of an animal).
me. caus. kwaza. Cf. kwao, kikwazo; also Cf. kwata.
kwapani. carry something under the arm.
kwama. kwamyua, kwanyna, kwamua, kwanna pick,
Cf. kikwapa. kwatua clean. _ shamba.
pluck, tear off, break off (fruit, branches), clear a field, pull
appl. kwanyulia. kwanyulsa. weeds, refl. jikwatua. clean/spruce oneself

kwadragesima* [Lat. J (— ) see kwaresima. intr.
kwapua see kwepua. up.
kwaje interrog. how? in what way? why? kwanga (— ) zool. rock rabbit (hyrax, coney).
kwara (-) see kwale. kwaya* [Engl.] (-) choir, chorus; choral
kwangu 1. see — angu. 2. loc. poss. 1st music, anthem.

kwaju (— ) tamarind (fruit of the mkwaju).
pers. sing, to/with/from me, to /at my ^warara (-) ornith. (species of) ibis.
house, kaa — stay with me, stay at my kwaza caus. of kwaa.

kwajuka fade, deteriorate, become ugly, .
shrivel up. house. kwarara pi. wild fruit.

kwazi (-) ornith. kwazi (variety of fish-eating
kwangua clean, scrape, scour. eagle).
kwake 1. see — ake. 2. loc. poss. 3rd pers. Ikware (-) see kwale.
sing, to/with/at/from him (her), his/her
kwani (< kwa nini) since, because. kwazo (ma-) see kwao.
house, enda — . go to him/her, go to his/her 1. conj.
kware adj. lascivious, lewd, prurient.
house. 2. interrog. , si. (pronounced kwa' ) why, for Cf.
= kwa satabu, kwa maana, mkware, ukware. kwea climb up on, get on top
what reason. ( 1. of, mount. -
kwa ajili, kwa kuwa.) mnazi. climb a coconut palm. - meli. go on
kwako 1. see — ako. 2. loc. poss. 2nd pers.
kwaresima*, kwadragesima [Lat.'] (-) rel. board a ship. 2. mount, cover, copulate with
sing, to/with/from you, to/at/from your
Lent. (of a male animal). 3. go up, rise,
house, ja — come
. to you, come to your kwanua see kwamyua. become
higher, appl. kwelea. rare: mawimbi ya
house.
kwaru (-) ornith. Grosbeak weaver (= yombi- kwelea. surf, high seas, appl.-intr. kweleka.
yombi, katadole). caus. kweza. raise, increase, kweza bei.
raise prices, kweza mashua. pull a boat
kweche 258 k.w.k.
259 laghai
onto the beach, refl.-caus. jikvveza. kwenzi (— ) ornith. starling.
exalt oneself, boast, brag. Cf. ^kweleo,
kwezi, tnkweo, mkwezi, ukwezi. kwepua, kwapua take/snatch away, steal. Cf.
mkwepuzi. la 1, eat. 2. eat up, devour, consume; use up. iaanifu* rare, accursed, damned. Cf.
kweche (ma-) old, worn-out vehicle. fig., dial, itakula siku nyingi. It will last for laana.
kwesha fix, fasten.
many days. 3. eradicate, destroy, fig. —
kwechi (— ) ornith, bishop bird. (= chekechea.) fedha. spend money, appl. lia. lia viapo. to labda*, labuda adv. perhaps, possibly,
kweta flounder, flop, struggle.
take oaths, {lit. to 'eat' oaths, since various probably.
kwekwe (— ma-) weed.
,
tribes contract oaths by eating sacrificial
kwetu 1. see -etu. 2. loc. poss. 1st pers.
foods siii.li as uie flesh of sheep, cow's iabe* see labeka.
plur. to/with us, at our home.
kweleka appl.-intr. of kvvea. blood, etc.). mwiko wa kulia. spoon, intr.
lika. be edible; be eaten (up), be consumed. . labeka*, lebeka, labe, bee, abe, ebee! inter j.
kweu (— ) see kvveupe.
^kweleo (— ma-) , see koleo. tunda hili haliliki. This fruit is not edible. At your service! Yes, sir (ma'am)! (formerly
kweupe, kweu (— ) light, brightness; bright sky, caus. lisha. 1. cause to eat, feed, pasture, used by slaves).
^kvveleo (ma-) peg (or notch) in a tree-trunk good weather, leo ni — There
. is fine weather lisha ng'ombe. put cattle out to pasture. 2.
(to facilitate climbing). Cf. kwea. today. fig. bribe, corrupt, pass. liwa. ass. Jana. labuda* see labda.
rare. ,eat together/in company, usually

kweli 1. (— ) truth; truthfulness, honesty, kweza caus. of kwea. appl. -ass. liana, refl.-appl. jilia. be ladha*, laza, ludha (— ) 1. odor, aroma, fra-
candor, colt. — inauma. The truth hurts. selfish; (wilfully) waste, squander, double grance (used for either pleasant or unpleas-
— ikisimama, wongo hujitenga. Where truth kwezi adj. climbing, twining (of plants). Cf. caus. lishisha, lishiza. nourish, support, ant odors, but rarely for unpleasant; - onja,
is, falsehood must yield. 2. adv. indeed, kwea. care for. ma- harufu). — ya kahawa. the aroma of coffee.
Cf. chakula, kilaji, malaji,
truly, honestly, really. 3.: —a — . adj.
lisho, m lisha, mlisho, mla, mlaji, mlo, 2. taste.
kwikwi (— ) hiccup, sobbing.
true. Cf. ukweli. ulaji, ulio.
ladu* und. J (— ) a confection made of peanuts

kwembe (ma-) 1. ornith. crowned hornbill kwingineko adv. elsewhere. Cf. ingine,
= siyo, sivyo, hakuna, and sugar or meal and syrup.
(Lophoceros melanoleucos ). — maji. African pengine.
^la* no, not so. (
woolly-necked stork (Dissoura episcopus). hapana, hasha.)

kwini* LEngl.J (— ) queen. lafidhi* (— ) see lafudhi.
2. fig.: domo la — . a walking-stick with a
handle shaped like the bill of the kwembe. la conn, cl.: tunda — mti. fruit of the tree.
kwinini*, kinini LEngl.J sing., pharm. quinine. ji-
lafua 1. be greedy /voracious. 2. be very
hungry, intr. lafuka (in an int. sense), be
kweme (— ) kweme (seed of the mkweme plant).
kwisha 1.: —a — . last, final. 2. adv. then, laabu* amuse, entertain (oneself).
insatiable. Cf. lapa, mlafi, ulafi.
subsequently, alikula chakula — akaenda
kwenda prep, (going) to. - Tanga-
amesafiri
zake. He ate his meal, then he went away. laana*, lana (ma-) curse, imprecation; (rel.)
nyika. He traveled to Tanganyika. — baharini, lafudhi*, lafuzi, lafidhi (— ) 1. pronunciation,
Cf. ^sha. damnation, ana — la wazee wake. He has
sea-going (vessels). Cf. enda. accent. 2. style, manner of speaking. 3.
been disowned by his parents, Cf. laani,
excuse, evasion.
poss. 2nd pers. kwiu (— ) (pangs of) hunger, craving (for meat). laanifu, maleuni, mlaanifu, ulaatiifu.
kwenu 1. see -enu. 2. loc.
plur. to /with you, to/at your home, Cf. kiu.

lafuzi* (— ) see lafudhi.
laani*, lani curse, damn, execrate, swear at.
kwenye see enye. k.w.k. abbr. of kadha wa kadha and so forth, intr. laanika. caus. laanisha. pass, laa-
laghai*, raghai, ragai 1. deceive, cheat; con-
etc. niwa. Cf. laana. fuse. also mlaghai, wa-) cheat,
2. (ma-;
swindler. 3. adj.. false, fraudulent. Cf. uragai.
laha 260 lala
lalamika 261
laha* (— ) rare piece/sheet of paper.

Maki*, lakki [lnd.~] (-) 1. hundred thousand. forgiveness. appl. lalamia.
= ukurasa.) caus. lalamisha.
( lango (ma-) (augment,
2. great number. pass, lalamiwa. of mlango) 1. large
Cf. Ialamiko, mlalamishi, door, gate, portal. 2.: malango. initiation
ulalamishi; also lalaika.
laika, ulaika (ma-) 1. body hair (on the hands, (of boys and girls at puberty;
cf. kunga,
z laki*
(go to) meet, greet, welcome. jando, unyago, mizingu;.
arms; cf. vuzi). 2. down (of birds).
lalamika see lalama.
lakini*, walakini, ilakini conj. but, however, langu poss. pron. 1st pers. sing,
laiki* 1. be suitable/appropriate/proper. 2. ji- cl.
Ialamiko (ma-) (usually malalamiko) see
nevertheless. appeal, -angu.
(— ) suitability, appropriateness, what is
entreaty, supplication;
request, petition.
fitting/proper. 3. adj. suitable, appropriate,
lakiri*, lakri Cf. lalama. Iani* s ee
proper (usually in reference to actions /be-
[.Port. J (— ) sealing wax. laani.
h.airinr). maipnrln vaL "snam'.sik:. His

iamba, ramba lick. appl. lambia. intr. lao
lakki* (— ) see laki. la- poss. pron. 3rd pers.
actions are just what you would expect of pi. ji- d. see
mbika. caus. lambisha. give -ao.
him. someone a taste
poss. pron. 2nd pers. sing, of something, arouse
lako ji- cl. see someone's desire for
-ako. something, appl. -cont. -appl. lapa eat greedily/hastily, be
laini*, leini, lainifu adj. 1. delicate, soft,
lambitia. make famished. Cf.
someone's mouth water, arouse Iafua, mlafi, ulafi.
fine, smooth, thin, pliable. 2. fig. gentle,
strong desire.
lakri* (— ) see lakiri. Cf. mlamba, lambilambi,
good-natured. lainika, ulaini. ulambilambi.
Cf.
lapulapu (-) sandals.
lala 1. lie, lie stretched out, be horizontal; lie lambilambi adj. soft (of something that can be
lainifu* see laini.
down. — macho, lie awake, mstari uliolala. licked off). Cf. Iamba. lasi* [Pers J (-) lasi (kind of silk cloth:
lainika* be soft/delicate/smooth,
horizontal line. 2. sleep, go to sleep. — pongee, shantung).
fig.: 1. be
usingizi. sleep soundly. 3 fall down, col- lambitia appl.-cont.-appl.
soothing/reassuring. 2. be spoiled/pam- pf Iamba.
lapse. 4. tr. sleep with, have sexual inter- latamia 1. see atamia. 2.
pered. be gentle/good-natured, fig. rear, bring
3. caus.
course with (a woman), appl. lalia. sleep lambo (ma-) weir, dam, dike. up (a child).
lainisha. soften, smooth; (fig.) ease, alle-
on (in, etc.). intr. lalika. kitanda hiki
viate, pass, lainiwa. Cf. laini.
hakilaliki. This is not a good bed sleep lami*, lammi (-) latifu* (-)
to 1. g l ue . 2 . pitch, tar. bara- goodness, kindness, gentleness.
in. caus. Ialisha, laza. put to bed, put to bara ya -. asphalt street,
paka _. tar some-
lainisha* caus. of lainika.
sleep; (fig., sport) defeat, beat, timu hii thing. latitude* [Engl.} geogr. (_) latitude.
imewalaza kwa mabao matano. The team has
Iainzimani* [Engl. J (ma-) sport linesman.
beaten them by five goals, ass. lalana. lammi* (-) see lami. lauka intr. of Iawa.
sleep with each other, have sexual inter-
laisensi* (— ) see leseni.
course, refl.-caus. jilaza. rest, take a rest. lana* (ma-) see laana. laula* rare: kama -. if not , unless. Siwezi
amejilaza apumzike. He is lying down to kumaliza kazi hii - kama
laiti* interj. would that..., if only... — nitapata msaada.
take a rest. Cf. kilalio, kilalo, malale, ma- ânda, randa rare be like/similar, I cannot finish this work unless
angalikuja. If he would only come! resemble. I get help.
lalo, mlalaji, mlalavi, mlazi, lulalo, 2 u l a l , = isipokuwa,
- baba yake. He looks like his father, ass.
( ila.)
laka* Lack? J sealing wax. landana. resemble each other, look

{.Germ. (— ) tia alike.
lalaika rare complain, groan (from hunger, (= fanana, Iingana, -a sawasawa.) laumu* 1. criticize, reproach, blame, accuse.
— . seal. Cf. lakiri.
pain). Cf. lalama. (= karipia, kemea, suta, shtaki,
hatia,
2 Ianda* nenea.) appl. Iaumia.
lake pass. pron. 3rd pers. sing, ji- cl. (-) see 2 intr. laumika. caus.
randa.
lalama (and intr. lalamika) 1. groan, complain, laumisha. (also w. int. force:) scold some-
see -ake.
lament, wail, cry out. 2. beg for mercy/ one, pass, laumiwa. refl. jilaumu. reproach
oneself, blame oneself. 2. (ma-) see lawama.
' .
262
263 lenga
launi* (-) rare. 1. resemblance, similarity. lazimu* must, have to, be obligated; be lega, rega, legalcga, rcgarega 1„ waver, be Ida*, leli (-) rare night. (= usiku.)
2. form, shape, 3. expression (of the face). necessary, maneno yamemlazimu. The unsteady, oscillate, swing, totter. 2. be
words have obligated him. appl. lazimia. loose. 3. be indefinite, uncertain,
siku ya lde* (ma-) augment, of kilele.
dauni* intr. lazimika. pass. lazimiwa. caus. safari yangu inalega (legalega). The day of
\_Engl. (make the) rounds] rare walk/
stroll around. lazimisha (also w. int. force)* force, my departure is indefinite. 4. be slack/ leli* (-) see Ida.
compel, obligate; punish, refl.-caus. limp; (fig.) be negligent/careless/idle.
jilazimisha na... take an interest in/devote appl. legea. caus. legeza. loosen, slacken,
launilauni* adv. different, various. Cf. lema (_) dial, fish trap (of basketwork).
oneself to something, take full responsi- relax, ease tension; cause to
waver/fluctu-
launi.
bility for something. Cf. lazima. ate. Cf. legevu, mlegevu, ulegevu.
dema exorcise a spirit.
legalega see lega.

(— ) vanilla. Ie dem. pron. that, those, watu wale, those
lemaa 1. be disfigured/deformed/maimed/
people.
legeni* (_) legeni (large metal cooking pot). mutilated/crippled. 2. he diseased/paralytic;
lavya cans, of lawa.
be addicted, mwenye kulemaa maungo. a
Ie ( < lake) poss. pron. his/her. jinale.
legevu paralytic, amelemaa kwa kuvuta. He is
Iawa rare go out. re/7, jilawa and lauka.
adj. loose, slack, limp, relaxed;
intr. (fig.)
his name.
idle, easy-going. addicted to tobacco, caus. lemaza.
get up/leave one's house early in the Cf. lega, mlegevu, ule- dis-
gevu. figure/maim/cripple. 3. (-) defect, blemish,

morning, intr.-appl. laukia. get up early for
lea rear, bring up, educate; care for, tend.
deformity, mutilation. Cf. kilema.
someone {or to surprise someone), caus.
prov. mwana umleavyo ndivyo akuavyo. As
disclose, reveal. legeza caus. of lega.
lavya. fig.
one rears a child, so it grows (As the twig
Memba see remba.
is bent, so the tree inclines), appl. lelea.
Legiko* see Lejiko.
lawalawa, lovulovu (— ) (kind of) candy, dessert.
pass, lelewa. amelelewa na shangazi yake.
demba (ma-) see l
kilemba.
He was brought up in his aunt's house. Cf.
lehamu* see lehemu.
lawama* (ma-) 1. criticism, fault-finding,
malezi, mlezi, ulezi.
reproach, reprimand, accusation. 2. risk of lembea hand/pass something down to someone
— lehemu*, lehamu, lahamu, lihamu 1. solder. (fruit from- a tree,
criticism, responsibility, hatutajitia etc.).
leba* (— ) rare lie, falsehood, deception. appl. lehemia. nyundo ya kulehemia.
kuandika mambo hayo. We are not running
Cf. lebu. soldering iron.
the risk/taking the responsibility of writing
intr. lehemika. caus. lemea, demea I. press/weigh down, oppress,
lehemisha. pass, lehemiwa. 2. (-) solder, crush, overwhelm, mzigo huu unamlemea.
on those matters. Cf. laumu.
leba* \_Engl. J (— ) rare labor, waziri vva — soldered joint, soldering, tia -. to solder. This load weighs him down. 2. push forward,
_ 2 minister of labor.
lawiti* practice sodomy /pederasty. (- fira.) impel. 3. be burdensome/troublesome/
leini* see laini. annoying, pass, lemewa. ass. lemeana.
Iebasi*, libasi .(— ) clothes, clothing. caus. lemeza. pile on, load up.
Maza caus. of lala.
(- mavazi, nguo.) Lejiko*, Legiko [Engl.] Legico (abbr. of
Legislative Council).
2laza* (— ) see ladha.
lenga, linga aim, take aim. - shabaha. take
lebeka* see labeka.
aim at a target, appl. lengea.
lekea see elekea.
lazima* 1. (— ) necessity,
'
obligation,
n respon-
r , , .„ i- j .•
rt \leba.
u
>
lebu- rare he, deceive, cheat. i
Cf.
sibility. chukua — assume a responsibility, -lenga cut up into pieces/slices/strips; clip,
.
lekevu adj. see elekevu.
be responsible vouch/go bail for. crop, dock. appl. lengea. ass. lengana.
for, 2. lefti* [_Engl.~\ sing./adj.,, sport left (= kushoto).
adv. irrevocably, necessarily. Cf. lazimu. insaidi wa — . inside left (football).

) .
lengalenga 264 265 limbika
lengalenga be on the point of crying, be tear- lia make a sound/noise (in gen. , animate likiza rare
lesensi* (— ) see leseni. 1. g i ve a holiday to someone,
ful/lachrymose. or inanimate; = toa/paaza sauti, vuma, let go. 2. dismiss, send away. 3. fig.
nguruma, imba, etc.): 1. weep, cry. wean (a child).
leso* L Port. J (— , ma-) 1. leso (woman's (= acha, ondosha, ruhusu.)
lengelenge (ma-) med. blister (from a burn); kerchief or shawl). mtoto analia. The child is crying. Cf. likizo.
2. rare handkerchief.
scar, weal, welt; pockmark. 3. scarf, sash. 2. sing, twitter,
ndege analia. The bird
is singing. make a loud noise, go bang.
3. likizo (ma-) holiday, vacation. 2 likiza.
Cf.
lengo (ma-) aim, target; goal, objec- leta 1. bring, go and get, fetch. — kiti. pull
bunduki imelia. The gun is fired, appl.
(fig.),
tive. Cf. Ienga. up a chair. 2. fig. produce, bring about,

lilia. weep/mourn for someone, refl.-appl. likwama (ma-) handcart, wheelbarrow.
result in. vita inaleta uharibifu. War pro- jililia. be sorry for oneself, caus. liza.
iiza bunduki.
lensi* (— ) see lenzi. duces destruction. — baina. prove, ass. tire a gun. pass, liliwa. lilamu*. lilam llnd.?] (_) public sale,
(rare) letana. appl. appl.-ass. ass. liana. Cf. lio, kilio, malizano, ma- auction.
letea.
lizi, mlia, mlio, mlizi, ulizi.
lenu poss. pron. %ndpers. pi. ji- cl. see — enu leteana. leteana barua. correspond (with
each other). Cf. mletaji, uletaji. lile dem. pron. ji- cl. see le.
lenye see — enye. lia appl. of la.
letu poss. pron. lstpers. pi., ji- cl. see — etu. lima 1. hoe, cultivate land. 2. plow. appZ.
lenyewe see — enyewe. libasi* (-) see lebasi. limia. jembe la kulimia. a hoe. intr. li-
levi adj. drunk(en), intoxicated. Cf. levva. mika. be arable, caus. limisha. Cf. li-
lenzi*, lensi [.Engl. J (— ) opt. lens. licha (or - ya) ... hata... conj. not only... maji, kilimia, kilimo, malimo, makulima,
levuka (inv.-intr. o/Iewa) sober up, become but (what is more important)... _ ya Said mkulima, mlimaji, mlimo, ukulima, ulimaji.
leo 1. (— ) the present day /time. prov. juzi sober. hata Musa amekuja. Not only Said but
najana si kama — . Day before yesterday also Musa has come (Musa being a more 2 lima*
(-) wedding feast.
and yesterday are not like today, coll. levya caus. of lewa. important personage).
— ni — . today is today. 2. adv. today,
limaji adj. engaged in agriculture, agri-
si — . a long time ago. ukoloni mambo — levyesha double caus. of lewa. liga rare 1. (ma-) poison. 2. to poison. cultural. Cf. ^lima.
neo-colonialism. (
= sumu, sumisha.)
lewa 1. be/become drunk. 2. (also red. lewa-

limao* [PersJ (ma-) see limau.
lepe (ma-) rare sleepiness, drowsiness. lewa) stagger, reel. appl. lewea. caus. ligi*, ligu [EngLl (-) league, club, asso-
(usually — la usingizi; = usingizi, uzito, levya, lewesha. make someone drunk, refl.- ciation. limatia, lumatia dial, hesitate, delay, stay
sinzia.) caus. jilevya get drunk, double caus.
behind; be late. caus. Iimatisha. pass.
levyesha. fig. confuse, turn someone's ligu* (-) see ligi. limatiwa.
lesani*, lisani (— ) rare tongue, voice, lan- head, pesa nyingi zimemlevyesha. All that
guage. (
= ulimi, usemi, lugha.) money has turned his head. Cf. kileo, lihamu* (-) see lehemu. limau*, limao [PersJ (ma-) lemon.
mleo, levi, mlevi, ulevi, uleoleo. Cf. mlimau.
leseni*, laisensi, lesensi [Engl. J (— lijamu*. luguamu (-) bit (part of a bridle).
1. license, permit, — ya udereva or — ya lewalewa red. of lewa. limbika 1. wait for something to grow/ripen.
kuendeshea motokaa. driver's license. lika intr. of la. - nywele (kucha). let the hair (fingernails)
— ya bunduki. gun-license, omba— . ap- lewesha caus. of lewa. grow. — ndizi. let bananas ripen. 2. save,
ply for a license. 2. rare patent. store up. 3. fig. be indulgent/patient. Cf.
likiza dispose of something quickly, finish,
li aux. v., arch. be. wewe uliye mwalimu. mlimbiko.
dispatch.
You who are a teacher.
limbiko 266
lini 267 loma
limbiko (ma-) see mlimbiko. *linga rare make equal/harmonious, adapt, lipizi ma -; us. pi.) L demand
( for payment Mwata step/tread on.
accommodate, usually ass. lingana. fit, Cf. ^wata, liwato.
of a debt. 2. extortion, blackmail. 3. re-
limbua, rimbua 1. eat the first fruits of a new suit, match; be similar; harmonize, agree.
taliation, revenge. 4. rel, atonement, liwato, liwado
harvest. 2. use for the first time. caus. kulingana na ... according to ... appl. (-, ma -) 1. flattened grass.
penance. Cf. lipa.
limbusha. intr. Iimbuka. taste, try out; lingania. caus. 2. spoor, trail (of an animal).
linganisha, linganya. 3. butt end
enjoy an anticipated pleasure, limbuko. compare; effect agreement/harmony; (mus.)
of something (i.e., the part put on the
Cf. lipo (ma-; us. pi.) 1. payment. 2. compen- ground).
tune (instruments); check, collate. Cf.
Cf, ^wata, liwata.
sation, reparation. lipa.
Cf.
Iimbuka intr. of limbua. linganifu, linganisho, ^kilingo, mlingano,
liwaza comfort, calm, reassure; condole,
ulinganifu, ulinganisho, ulingano. ex-
lipu* [lnd.l (_) plaster, stucco.
limhllWn (m»- pM press sympathy. Cf. liwazrv m a !;,.. 220
;
;, ? t
m.!;~b»ko (^.: ) .
1. first fruits/benefits. 2. anticipated en- lipuka, ripuka flare up, burst into flames;
"Minga see Menga. ex- liwazo (ma-) rare anything that soothes:
joyment/pleasure. Cf. limbua.
plode; (ft g .) fly into a rage. caus. li- comfort, sympathy, condolence.
Cf. li-
pusha. explode (something),
linganifu, linganyifu adj.
pass, liwaza.
limi adj. fitting, suitable,
talkative, loquacious. Cf. kilimi,
puliwa. Cf. mlipuaji, mlipuko.
homogeneous, agreeing, harmonious, sym-
mlimi, ulimi.
metrical. Cf. linga. Iiza (-) see riza.
îsani* (-) lisani (flap under the opening
limuka* 1. be sly/cunning. 2. be underhanded/ of
linganisho (ma-) comparison. Cf. linga. a kanzu).
treacherous, cans, limusha. (= danganya, lo det. ji- d.: - lote. indef. relat. what-
hila, hadaa.) Cf. elimu, limuko. ever, no matter what. w. neg. (nothing) at
linganyifu see linganifu. 2
lisani* (_) see lesani. all. hakufanya (neno) - lote. He did
limuko* (ma-) cunning, craftiness, deceit. nothing at all.
lingo pi. of ulingo. lisha caus. of Ma.
Cf. limuka.
lingwa be tangled up/caught

lo see loo.
in something; lishiza
linda watch over, guard, protect. — shamba double caus, of ^la.
(fig.) become confused, be perplexed/
(nyuinba). guard a field (house), mil. — loa see
disconcerted. Iowa,
doria. to patrol, refl. jilinda. 1. protect/
livu* [EnglJ (-) leave, leave of absence;
break for rest.
defend oneself. 2. watch out, be on one's lodi (-) see
lini interrog. when? at what time? rodi.
guard. Cf. Undo, kilinda, kilindo, mlinda,
liwa*. luva (-) liwa (variety of sandalwood).
mlinzi, ulinzi. Ioga, roga arch, enchant, place under a spell.
lio (ma-) augment, of mlio. Cf. mliwa, msagaliwa.
inv. logoa. free from a spell.
Cf* m \oz\, ulozi.
lindi, dindi (ma-) pit, hole; cesspool, drain.
lipa 1. pay, pay for. fig. nitakulipa. liwaa rare
— forget.
la kupanda mbegu. hole for planting seed. loja see roja.
I will pay you back (= get even with you).
kitovu cha — . navel. — la choo. cesspool.
2. makeup for, compensate, indemnify. liwado (-, ma-) see liwato.
Cf. kilindi. lokalaizesheni* [Engl J sing, localization.
caus. lipisha, lipiza. refl.-caus. jilipiza.
jilipiza kisasi. take revenge. Cf. lipizi, liwali*, luwali, wali (ma-) liwali (administra- lokeshen*
Undo (ma-) lookout, guard-post. Cf. linda. tEngl.~} ( ma -) location, native
lipo, kisicholipwa, majilipo, mlipa, mlipizi, tive official, headman; generally an Arab settlement area.
ulipizi.
appointed by the government to handle re-
^lindo (ma-) lindo (a cylindrical box made of lations with the Moslem community). loma (— ) ant-bear.
bark).
.
lumbui lumbv 269

londea 268 maali
lumbwi, lumbui (_) chameleon.

(= 2 kinyo- lungula, rungula
londea, rondea 1. hunt/look for something, lozi* (ma-) almond. Cf. mlozi. 1. take by force, rob.
nga, kigeugeu.)
want. 2, sponge, live at someone else's 2. threaten, extort.
Cf. mlungula.
expense, caus. londesha. pass, londewa. luanga (-) luanga (kind of bird).
lundika, rundika be piled up, be stored.
1.
Lusiferi* [Engl.1 rel. Lucifer. Cf. She
2. gather, assemble, store
up, accumulate. tani, Ibilisi.
longitudo L Engl. J (-) geogr. longitude. ludha* (— ) see ladha.
Cf. lundo.
lusu*
lonjo, ronjo adj., rare big, tall (of persons). lugha* (— ) language, dialect, maarifa ya — Iundo (ma-) pile, heap, stack.
(-) rare thief, robber. (= ll„j a .)
Cf. lundika.
Cf. ml on jo. linguistics.
2 luva* (_) see liwa.

lungo arch. = ungo.
lonyo i.. k—i snow, presentation, demonstra- iuguamu~ \—> see niamu.
tion; ostentation, showing off, bragging. lungu see luwali* ( ma -) see wa li.
rungu. li
2. adj. fine, grand, splendid; pretty, smart, Muja* (— ) rare thief, robber. (= mwizi,
luzu* [.?] coil, broke, on the rocks.
chic (of clothes). Cf. ona. mkwepuzi.)
loo, lo interj. of joy or amazement oh! well!

^luja* sing., rare deep thought. (= mawazo,
fikira.) yumo katika — . He is deep in
lopoka see ropoka.
thought.
lori* L Engl. J (ma-) 1. lorry, truck.

lukuki* Llnd.J (— ) countless number, myriad. maabadi* sing., rel. place of worship.
2. railw. (open) freight car. maafikiano*. maafikano pi. mutual under-
Cf. abudu.
standing; agreement, settlement,
contract,
lukuma* (— ) 1. bite, morsel. 2. fig. in-
lote see ote. treaty. Cf. afiki.
ducement, quid pro quo. — yako, basi ni- maabudu* sing., rel. 1. reverence, worship,
fanyizie hivi. Here is something for you, religious observance/service.
2. object
lovulovu (— ) see lawalawa. maagano pi. see agano.
so you do such-and-such for me. of worship. Cf. abudu.
maagizo pi. see agizo.

Iowa, loa be wet/moist/damp; get wet, be maadam*
lulu* (— ) pearl, ubamba wa — . mother-of- 1. conj. when, while, since, as
soaked/saturated, intr. loweka. 1. = long as.
pearl (= lulumizi). 2. conj. since, because. _
Iowa. 2. make wet, douse, soak, immerse. maaguzi pi. see aguzi.
umekuja, nitakuambia. Since you have
3. be confused/at a loss/perplexed, non- come,
lulumizi* (— ) mother-of-pearl. I will tell you. 3.: - ya ... prep. maakuli*. makuli pi., arch, food, victuals,
plussed, stat. lowama. be in a condition according to, in consequence of.
provisions, provender (= chakula.)
of dampness, be wet/soaked. Cf. lowefu.
lumatia see limatia.
maadili* pi. see adili.
maal U m*,maal U mu
1. adj. well-known, fa-
lowama stat. of Iowa. lumba 1. rare question. 2. talk, speak; re-
mous, acknowledged, esteemed,
maadini* distin-
port; give a (serious, formal) talk/speech. (_) see madini.
guished. 2. adj. special, particular,
lowefu adj., rare wet, damp. Cf. Iowa. = simulia, hadithia,
( hoji.) Cf. malumba-
characteristic, mwandishi -.
maafa* specialist,
no, mlumbaji. pi, see afa.
expert. 3. adv. definitely, certainly;
lowela settle, establish oneself, remain (in a
regularly, permanently,
certain place). Cf. mlowezi. leo atakujaSaid?
lumbui (— ) see lumbwi.
-. Is Said coming today? Definitely.
.
270
maarifa 271 mach aguzi
hana — ya kuja hapa. He does not come maandiko ph 1. writing, document; (poh)
ârifa* ph 1. knowledge, information,
here regularly. Cf. elimu. (written) statement, communique. — Mata- mabaya ph
scence. - ya lugha. 1. badness, wickedn ess;
linguistics. 2. un- spite-
katifu. 2. reh Holy Scriptures. 3. {also fuln ess, malice.
derstanding, insight, 2. bitterness, embitter
maalumu* see maalutn. maandikio) preparation, serving (of food). discernment, erudi-
ment. Cf. baya.
tion. Cf, arifu.
Cf. andika, andiko.
maambukizo ph see ambukizo. mabembelezo, mapembelezo

maarubu* ph, rare (concealed) ph caressing,
maandishi ph 1. literature. 2. content, purpose, (ul- coaxing, flattery, cajolery.
terior) motive (but not necessarily Cf. bemba.'
maamkiano ph see maamkio. significance, idea (of a literary work). bad).
3. theory (in gen.). 4. rare (style of) mabishano pi. 1. quarrel, dispute, alterca-
= maandiko maarufu* adj.
maamkio, maamkiano, tnaamkizi pL greeting, handwriting. 5. 2. 6.: —a — 1. well-known, famous, es- tion. 2. contradirti'™ ro ;„;_j,_. r- r
teemed, distinguished. 2.
salutation, bow. amka, amkia. adj. theoretical. Cf. andika, mwandishi. coll. enthusi- bisha.
Cf.
astic, inveterate,
untiring, msikilizaji -
wa redio. an inveterate listener
maamkizi pi. see maamkio. maangalio ph 1. observation, inspection. to the mabotea plants which come up by
pi.
radio, a great radio fan. chance/
2. examination, investigation. Cf. angaa. Cf. arifu.
unexpectedly (without seeds
having been
maamuma*, mahamuma (— ) stupid person, planted).
maanisi* ph bride and bridegroom,
simpleton, fool. (= mjinga, baradhuli.) maangalizi ph 1. attention, attentiveness. coll.
msiende kama -. Hurry up!
2. observation, supervision, care. 3. rare {lit.: Don't Mabruki* pr. n. masc.
walk like a bride and bridegroom).
maamuzi pi. decision, judgment, verdict. visit. Cf. angaa.
Cf.
J
amua, maburudisho*. maburudu
maasi* P h ph 1. distraction,
maangamizi ph destruction, ruin, decay, de- 1. disobedience, insubordination,
' diversion. 2. refreshment, recreation.
recalcitrance. 2. revolt, rebellion, insur-
maana* (— ) 1. meaning, significance, ma- cline, downfall. Cf. angamia. relief, alleviation,
3.
comfort;
rection. 3. mil. desertion. (fy.) re-
neno ya — . meaningful words. 2. reason, Cf. asi. pairs. Cf. burudi.
cause, purpose, intention, objective. maangamizo ph accident, casualty. Cf.
maasum* (wa-) see mwasi.
3. {also — ya) conj. since, because, in angamia. maburudu* ph see maburudisho.
order that. — yake. namely, that is to say.
maawio, maweo, maao ph
maanguko ph see anguko. 1. (also - ya jua) maburuzo, maburuzu pi. 1. d raft> current
sunrise. 2. east. 2 wa
maandalio ph preparation (of food, etc.).
Cf. ^ (of air). 2. track, rut (left by
something
— yamkutano. maanzilisho ph organization, foundation, dragged over the ground).
preparations for a meeting.
maazimio* ph 1. intention, purpose, aim,
Cf. burura.
establishment, introduction. Cf. anza.
Cf. andaa.
decision. 2. plan, project, program.
Cf. machachari, macharichari
ph 1. restless-
maandamano pi. see andamano. maao ph see maawio. ness, sleeplessness.
2. awkwardness,
clumsiness, ineptitude. 3.
maazimo ph loan, debt. harmfulness,
maapizo ph see apizo. Cf. azima.
maandamizi pi. see andamizi. destructiveness. Cf. chachari.
mabadili*, mabadiliko ph
maandazi ph see andazi. maarasi* (— ) rare carrying-pole (a pole see badiliko. machafuko ph 1. disorder, confusion.
carried on the shoulder with water in tins
2. violation, infraction
mabaki pi. see (of a rule or law).
hanging from either end). (= mzegazega, baki.
maandikio pi. see maandiko. Cf. chafua.
mpika.)
mabao ph sport score. Cf. bao.
machaguzi ph see uchaeuzi.
.
machangamano 272 madakata madanganyo 273 mafaa
madanganyo pi. see danganyo.

machangamano pi. see changamano. macho pi. see jicho. madhumuni* (-) intention, purpose, aim.
see chozi. madaraja* pi. steps, (flight of) stairs, stair-

machanganyiko pi. mixture. Cf. ^changa. machozi pi. madini*. maadini (-) 1. mineral, metal, ore.
way. Cf. daraja.
- ya chini. low alloy. 2. metallurgy.
machanganyo pi. mixture, mixing up. Cf. machugachuga pi. unrest, excitement, rest-
madaraka pL see daraka.
Ichanga. lessness. Cf. chugachuga. madoadoa 1. pL spot, blot. 2. adj. spotted,
dappled; varicolored. Cf. doa.
madarasa* pL 1. see darasa. 2. rare
macharichari pi. see machachari. machukio, machukizo pi. see chukio.
school, academy.
madoido pi. decoration, ornament, embellish-
_L..l.. .S-L..U...:
mauiiu£ti pi. icilovci nuc \\tum trie evening naciiumuv
l •
ment. — ya muziki. trill.

madati* (-) see inadadi.
meal). matubwitubwi pi. med. mumps.
madole pl. : - matano hot. (variety of) fern

madenda pi. saliva (which flows from the
macheko pi. see kicheko. machunga, machungani pi. pastureland, (P olypodium phymtodes).
mouth during sleep).
pasturage. Cf.
2 c hunga.
machela* LPort.J (— ) 1. litter, stretcher. maduhuli* (_) pay, wages; income, revenue.
madende pi. rare trill.
2. hammock. machungu pi. see uchungu.
madevu maduyuni* pi. see mdeni.

pi. see udevu, devu.
macheleo pi. 1. fear, anxiety. 2. trembling, machwa, machweo pi. 1. sunset, dusk.
quivering. Cf. ^cha. 2. west. Cf. chwa. madhabahu* (-) maelekeo

1. place where sacrifices pi. 1. effort, endeavor. 2. ten-
are performed, altar. 2. rare slaughter-
dency, inclination; talent, _
gift. ya maono.
macheo pi. 1. sunrise, dawn. 2. east. machweo pi. see machwa. house. feeling, ideal.
Cf. dhabihu. Cf. elea, elekea.
3 cha.
Cf.
madadi*, madati (-) opium ball (prepared
madhabuha* (-) rel. sacrifice, victim. maelezi pi. rare, naut. anchorage. Cf. elea.
March. for smoking). dhabihu.
iMachi*, Marchi [£ngZ.] (month of) Cf.
maelezo pi. explanation, description, Cf.

madaha* pi. self-importance, complacency; madhali* conj. elea.
^machi* I Engl. J (— ) march, march-music,
if, in case that; since, be-
boasting, bragging; presumption, arrogance. cause; when, while, since.
enda — to march, piga — . play march- Cf. mithili,
.
ana — . He is conceited, fanya/piga — medial i. maendeleo pi. see endeleo.

music.
show off.
madhehebu* pi. 1. custom, usage; principle, maendelezo pi. see endeleo.

machinjioni pi. see machinjoni. 2
madahili* see dahili.
tenet. — ya awali. basic principle.
2. rel. creed, denomination, sect. maeneo pi. see eneo.
machinjo pi. chinjo. U pe-
madahiro* (-) rare 1. politeness, grace,
ndaji wa — sectarianism.
,
charm. 2. elegance, distinguished manner.

maenezo pi. tendency, trend. Cf. enea.
machinjoni, machinjioni pi. (rare chinjoni)
madhilifu* pi. difficulty, confusion; mis-
1. (cutting) edge (of a knife; cf. mafutuni).
madai* pi. see dai.
fortune. Cf. dhili. mafa, mava pi. burial place, graveyard,
2. slaughtering place, slaughterhouse.
cemetery, Cf. fa.
Cf. chinja. madakata pi. dry leaves (fallen or ready to
madhubuti* adj. firm, strict; reliable; accu-
fall). rate, precise; (fig.) honest, upright. mafaa, mafao
Cf.
pi. benefit, profit, privilege,
machipukizi pi. see chipukizi.
dhibiti. advantage. Cf. faa.
. )
275 ihali
magadi
274
mafafanusi
magombano pL quarrel, dispute. Cf. gomba.

(also - ng'ombe) time when magamaga 1. walk with the legs wide apart,
ufafanusi. mafungulia pi.
mafafanusi pi. see
cattle are driven out to pasture (8-9
A.M.). straddle, waddle. 2. walk fast. Cf. ki-
magombezi, magombezo pi. 1. contradiction,
Ifunga. magamaga.
Cf.
mafamba pi. secret/underhanded dealings. rejoinder, retort. 2. prohibition. 3. en-
mity, hostility, antagonism. Cf. -gomba.

reeds, sedge, papyrus. magangao, magaogao pi. 1. devastation,
prosperity, success. Cf. fa- mafunjo pi.
mafanikio* pi.
destruction. 2. ruin, decay, downfall.
naka, fanikia. magombezo pi. see magombezi.
mafunuo pi. revelation. Cf. funua.
magaogao pi. see magangao.
mafao pi. see mafaa.
flood, magoti pi. see goti.
mafuriko pi. 1. rising (of water). 2.
inundation. (= gharika.) 3. naut. flood- magendo pi. sellingof crops or other merchan-
hiding place, ambush. 2. dis-
maficho pi. 1.
tide. Cf. fura. dise without keeping records of profits and
guise. Cf. ficha. gubika.
losses. when entering a city). Cf.
mafusho pi. mafusho (something burned in

mafieko pi. see mafyeko.
fuka. magengo contingency (something that will m agugu pi. weeds; bush, jungle.
order to drive out an evil spirit). Cf. pi.
happen if...); tit for tat, quid pro quo;

mafinyo pi. see finyo.
fat, oil, grease, salve, lubri- clandestine bargain, illegal transaction; mahaba*, mahuba (-) affection, devotion,
mafuta pi. 1.
inclination, attachment, sympathy, prov.
cant. - Ulaya, - ya taa. petroleum, kero- threat, blackmail, kwa — . on the black
map -. neap tide. coll. leo maji -.
mafu: - hayanadawa. There is no cure for love.
sine. - ya motakaa. gasoline. - ya uto. market, siasa ya — ya kiini. policy of nu-
Today was not a good day for fishing.
2 haba.
tia -. up, refuel. clear blackmail. Cf.
sesame/semsem oil. fill
Cf. fa.
2. fig. ingratiating/oily manner.
mahabusi*, mahabusu 1. (-) prisoner, con-
mageuko pi. see mageuzi.
mafua pi. med. bronchitis, congestion of the (-) rare prison, jail.
anger, rage, fury.
demned person. 2.
in the chest. mafutu pi.
upper respiratory tract, pains (= korokoroni.) 3. adv.: amefungwa -.
mageuzi, mageuzo, mageuko pi. change,
kifua.
ana— He has a bad cold. Cf.
He has been given a jail sentence.
mafutuni pi. back of a knife blade (as opposed fluctuation, mageuzi makuu. revolution.
to the edge). Cf. geua, mgeuzo.

mafuatano pi. 1. following, escort; accom- mahabusi.
mahabusu* (— ) see
paniment. 2. succession, series. - ya
mageuzo pi. see mageuzi.
mas. melody. Cf. fuata. imafuu pi. folly, stupidity.
sauti. place of judgment,
mahakma* (-) rare
maghaibi* (— ) see magharibi. court, Cf. hukumu, hakimu.

see mfukuto.
mafukizo, mavukizo pi. 2 mafuu pi. of fuu.
mahala* (-) see mahali.

magharibi*, maghaibi, mangharibi, ghurubu (—
mafunde pi. see mavunde. mafya pL of jifya.
1. time of sunset. 2. west. — ya kusini.
— mahali*, mahala (-) place (in gen.), situa-

southwest, nimemtafuta mashariki na
mafundisho pi. 1. teaching, instruction, mafyeko, mafieko pi. I. clearing land, pre-
have hunted for him everywhere (lit.: in tion; area, district, si ... - (po pote).
I
instructions, directions (for weeding.
doctrine. 2. paring ground for cultivation. 2.
- hapa. there, kila -. every-
the east and in the west). 3. Isl. evening nowhere.
taking medicine, using a device,
etc.). fyeka.
Cf.
prayer. where. - pa. instead - pa kufanya
of.
Cf. 2f U nda. kazi. place of employment. - pa kanuni

Imagadi pi. soda.
maghofira* (— ) rel. forgiveness, remission. pa kukaa nakulala. permanent place of
mafungia pi. closing, locking, fastening. - pa kupigia kura. electoral
Cf. ghofira, ghofiri. residence.
2
Cf. !funga. 2 m agadi* pi. of Igadi, gadi. pahali.
precinct. Cf.
.
maingiano maingilio 277 majilisi

276
mahiri* adj. 1. skilful, adroit, nimble, maingilio, maingiliano

mahame, tnahamo pi. deserted place. pi. 1. approach. 2. in- majaribu* pi., rel. temptation. jaribu.
Cf.
= hame, kihame, agile, dexterous; clever, quick-witted, terference, intervention. — ya kivita.
( tongo.) Cf. hama,
capable. 2. fig. sly, crafty, deceitful. armed intervention. Cf. ingia.
hamaji. najembe pi., naut./av. screw, propeller
Cf. umahiri. (= rafardha). Cf. jembe.
mahameli* (— ) see bahameli. maisha* pi. life, lifetime, nitakaa hapa —
mahitaji* pi. see hitaji. I will live here forever (my whole life). majengo pi. see jengo.
mahamia* pi. protectorate. Cf. hami. — pamoja kwa salama. peaceful coexist-
mahluki*, mahluku (-) rare human being. ence. Cf. ishi. najenzi pi. see ujenzi.
mahamo pi. see mahame. Cf. hulka.
maishilio* pi. 1. livelihood, subsistence. najeruhi* rare 1. (— ) wounded person.

mahoka, masoka pi. 1. spirit of an ancestor,
mahamuma* (— ) see maamuma. 2. work, occupation, job. ishi.
2. adj. wounded. Cf. jeraha, jeruhi.
Cf.
evil spirit, ibada ya — (or mizimu). an-
cestor worship. 2. delusion, mania, mad-

ntaharagwe pi. see haragwe. 2 maishilio m ajeshi* P^ armed forces. Cf. jeshi.
pi. end, limit, goal. Cf. ^sha.
ness. 3. joke, jest, maneno yake yasiku-
maharazi* (— ) awl, bradawl. tishe, yeye ni mtu wa — sana. Don't be-

maji pi. 1. water, liquid. — ya kunywa.
maiti*, mayiti (— ) dead body, corpse, cadaver.
lieve what he says, he is a wag/joker.
drinking water. — ya mvua. rain water.
Cf. mauti.
mahari* (— ) bride-money, marriage settlement, — chumvi (bahari). salt water, brine,
mahonyo adv. for nothing, gratis, free.
dowry, mice huyu nimeozwa bure, sikulipa
maiza*
mwana — . sailor. — makuu. spring tides.
(— ) (mark of) respect, honor, distinc-
— I married this woman without making a msilematundayangu -. Don't eat my fruit
— mafu. neap tides. —
.
tion. kujaa. high tide.
marriage settlement. without paying. — kupwa. low tide. 2. med. secretion,
maizi* coll. know, be acquainted with, under-

discharge. 3. —a — (or majimaji). adj.
maharimisho* pi. ban, prohibition. - ya si- mahsai* (-) see maksai. watery, damp; (techn.) hydraulic,
stand; recognize, ascertain, determine. mka-
laha. disarmament. Cf. harimu. ndamizo wa majimaji. hydraulic press.
mahsusi*, maksusi adj. /adv. special, par-
Cf. kimaji, umaji.
majadi* pi. 1. effort, exertion. 2. yearning,
maharimu* pi. blood-relatives (who are for- ticular, precise, mkutano — . special/ex-
longing, (strong) desire, passion. Cf."jadi.
traordinary session. Cf. husu, hususa.
bidden to marry). Cf. harimu. majibizano* pi. 1. question and answer,
assertion and contradiction, give and take.
majahaba* (-) see majahabu.
mahushumu* (-) see mahashumu.
mahashumu*, mahushumu (— ) respectable/ 2. press conference. Cf. jawabu, ljibu.
honest person, person of good repute. majahabu*, majahaba (— ) naut. wharf, dock.
mahututi* adj. serious, difficult, ugonjwa -.
Cf. heshima, heshimu, muhashamu. (- gudi.) Cf. jahabu.
majilio pi. see jilio.
a serious illness.
mahati* (— ) scriber, style; (carpenter's mark- majilipio pi. see majilipo.

majaliwa pi., rel. 1. mercy, grace, favor, aid.
maige* \.Pers.~\ (-) young locusts.
ing) gauge (for scribing lines parallel to the 2. grace of) God. 3. pr. n. masc.
( Cf.
edge of a board). majilipo, majilipio, majilipizi pi. 1. repay-
jalia.
maili* I Engl.'] (-) mile. ment, amortization (of a loan, debt). 2. re-
mahazamu* pi. belt, girdle, sash. venge, retaliation, reprisal, satisfaction.

majani pi. grass; leaves, herbage, foliage;
maingiano pi. society, social life. Cf. ingia.
Cf. lipa.
weeds. — ya mwaka. kind of vegetable.
mahindi* pi. (grains of) corn/maize, unga
rangi ya— . green (color), anavuta — ma-
wa — . cornmeal. Cf. * muhindi.
bichi. He smokes opium.
majilisi pi., rare reception room, waiting
fig. Cf. jani.
room, lounge. Cf. jilisi.
.
278 ikamu 279 makombo

majimaji
makamu*, makamo pi. 1. rank, status, dignity,

majimaji see maji 3. majuto pi. regret, contrition. Cf. juta, ^juto. maki* pL 1. thickness, nguoya-. thick
social position. age-class (of a person).
2. cloth. 2. stoutness, heaviness, corpulence.
3. substitute, deputy. - wa
majinuni* pi. see majununi. majuzi, juzijuzi adv. a few days ago. Cf. rais. vice- ana — . He is heavy (and strong).
president (Tanzania). Cf. Ikaimu,
juzi. ukaimu.
majira* (— ) 1. (point of) time. — ya saa. makini* 1. pi. strength of character, dignity,
makani*, maskani, masikani (_)
clock-time, 2. watch, clock, saa yangu residence, composure; calmness, attentiveness. siki-
*Maka* Mecca.
haishiki — My watch is not keeping good home, settlement. Cf. ^sakmi. liza kwa -. listen attentively.
.
2. adj.
time. 3. period, season. — ya masika. quietly, calmly, deliberately, with dignity.
maka 1. be surprised/astonished/amazed. makanika* [Engl.] (-)
the great rainy season. 4. naut. course. 1. mechanic.
9. nttpr a n evcl?.mstio!<. of surprise. Cf
.
2. yh-ys. mechanics. Cf. umakanika. makiri* (-) cleat (for fastening a rope, etc.).
kimako.
majirani* pi. 1. neighborhood. 2. environ-
ment, environs.
makao pi. (place of) residence, home. makisi*, makisio
Cf. jirani, ujirani. pL guess, conjecture, sup-
makaa pi. 1. coal, charcoal. 2. embers, - makuu. headquarters. Cf. 'kaa. position; estimate, approximation; proposal.
cinders. Cf. ^kaa.
majisifu* pi. self-praise, conceit, egotism, Cf. ikisi.
makapo pi. chaff. Cf. ^kapi.
bragging, showing off, arrogance. Cf.
makaakaa pi. see kaakaa.
sifa, sifu, mjisifu. makisio* pi. see makisi.
makasi* pi. (pair of) scissors. (= mkasi.)
makaburi* pi. graveyard, cemetery. Cf. ka-
majivu 1. pi. ashes. Cf. jivu. 2.: —a — makiwa pi. expression of sympathy, condo-
buri. makataa* 1. pi. (final) arrangement, settle-
adj. gray, rangi ya — . of a gray color. lence, makiwani! Condolences! (formula
ment, decision, conclusion. 2. adv. defi-
Cf. kijivu. of greeting when one enters a house where
makadara*, makadari pi. 1. rel., rare might, nitely, categorically; firmly,
resolutely. a death has recently occurred), hapa pana
power, omnipotence (with ref. to God; - Cf. kataa.
majivuno pi. self-praise, conceit, boasting, — . There has been a death here (in this
nguvu, uwezo). 2. Makadara (name of a
showing off, pride, arrogance, anapotembea house). Cf. kiwa, ukiwa.
section of Nairobi). Cf. kudura. makazi pi. 1. residence, settlement; environ-
ana — sana. The way he walks shows that
ment. 2. mode of life; condition, situation.
he is arrogant. Cf. vuna. makohoo, makohozi pi. see kohozi.
makadari* pi. see makadara. 3. occupation, activity. Cf. ^kaa.
majonzi*, mayonzi L^r.Pj pi. sadness, makoko pi. crust (esp. on cooked rice).
makadirio* pi. bill, estimate (of cost), makeke pi. 1. excitement, disturbance.
sorrow, grief, fanya/ona — . be sad. Cf. ukoko.
evaluation. Cf. kadiri. 2. annoyance, vexation. 3. exaggeration,
boasting.
majuni* (— ) majuni (a narcotic confection makolokolo pi. 1. bundle, pack, baggage.
makala* pi. treatise, article, essay.
made of opium or hemp and sugar). 2. equipment, utensils. 3. goods, chattels,
= afyuni, madadi, kasumba.) makengeza pi. squinting, macho ya-.
( property. (= vikorokoro.)
makali pi. 1. edge, point (of a knife, sword, squinting eyes, tazama kwa -. look
spear, etc.: the sharp part). 2. fig. dar- askance at, frown on (someone).
majununi*, majinuni (— ) 1. madman, lunatic.
Cf. makomba pL millet gruel (also used in the
ing, bravery. 3. fig. fierceness, cruelty; ^kengeza.
2. clown, buffoon. 3. foolish/silly talk preparation of beer).
harshness, severity. Cf. kali.
(causing amusement or provoking ridicule).
makeruhi* see makuruhi.
4. adj. insane, mad, crazy. makombo pi. see Ikombo, 2 kombo, 3 kombo.
makamo* pi. makamu.
majusi* pi. see ^mjusi.

.
makombozi 280
makv 281 malimbiko
makombozi pi. see ukombozi. makubwa pi. importance, important matter.

ma kwa pi. 1. support, prop, post, pillar. malenga (wa-) 1. professional singer, leader
Cf. kubwa.
2. notch, groove (in wood). of singing (at dances). 2. unfermented
makopa pi. dried manioc.
beer. (- togwa.)
makucha pi. see ukucha.
Jmalaika* (-) 1. rel. angel, messenger.
makoroa* (— ) naut. knot tied in an anchor
— mkuu. archangel. — maleuni*, maluuni 1. (— ) accursed/damned
cable. ( = mangrini.) makufuru* pi., rel. unbelief, atheism; sacri- mlinzi. guardian
person. 2. (-) rel. Satan. 3. (-) good-
lege, blasphemy. Cf. kafiri, kufuru,
angel. 2. small child, baby, huyu ni —
This child is still a baby. for-nothing. 4. adj. accursed, damned,
makororo pi. 1. med. swelling of the tonsils. ukafiri.
mtoto huyu ni — sana. This child is a
2. heavy /difficult breathing; death rattle,
good-for-nothing. Cf. laana.
vuta — . breathe with difficulty; have the makulaji ph., coll. food, provisions, victuals. Analaika pi. body hair (usually on the arms
death rattle. Cf. la, chakula. and legs). Cf. laika.
malevi pi. see ulevi.
makorowezo pi. 1. confusion. 2. work makuli* pi. see maakuli. malaji pi. 1. food, foodstuffs. 2. diet,
malezi pi. (home) education, upbringing.
poorly done, botchwork. Cf. koroweza. fare. Cf. ha, kilaji.
— mabaya. poor upbringing, bad manners.
Anakuli* pi. see kuli.
Cf. lea.
makosekano pU fault, defect; mistake, over- malale pi.: ugonjwa wa — . med. sleeping
sight. Cf. *kosa. sickness, encephalitis. Cf. lala.
makulima pi. agriculture. Cf. lima.
malhamu* (— ) see marhamu.
malalo, malazi, malazo pi. 1. sleeping-

makoza* pi., rare, anat. testicles, scrotum. makupwa pi. beach, sandbank, rock (exposed
place, bedding, bed;
mali* (— ) possessions, property, goods. — ya
at low tide). Cf. pwa. lair, den (of animals).
kusafirisha. export goods. — inayoondoka.
2. rec. housing. Cf. lala.
Anakoza pi., rare ivory bracelets. movable possessions, goods and chattels.
makuru* (— ) 1. salve, ointment. 2. (ad-
— isiyoondoka. real estate.
maiango pi. initiation (of boys and girls at
maksai*, mahsai (— ) castrated animal, hesive) plaster.
puberty). Cf. lango.
ng'ombe — . bullock, ox. farasi — . geld- malidadi*, mmalidadi, maridadi, mardadi [? j
makuruhi*, makeruhi adj. bad, offensive, dis-
ing. Cf. hasa, hasi. 1. (— ) person dressed in up-to-date style.
malaya* (-) prostitute. 2 umalaya.
gusting, abominable, nasty. Cf. karaha. Cf.
2. (— ) showily dressed person, fop, dandy.
maksi* [ Engl. J (— ) mark, grade (in a class 3. adj. & adv. modern, stylish; vain, con-
malazi, malazo pi. see malalo.
makusudi* pi. see makusudio.
or course). ceited. Cf. kimalidadi, umalidadi.
malele (-) hot. litmus, orchilla (Rocella

see mahsusi. makusudio*, makusudi pi. aim, intention,
maksusi*
Montagnei, Rocella tinctoria). ^maliki* (-) see malki.
purpose, —a makusudi. intentional, de-
maktaba* pi. library, reading room. Cf. ki- liberate, kwa — . intentionally, on purpose.
maleleji, malelezi pi. period between the ^maliki* begin/start something, set to work
tabu.
bila — . unintentionally. Cf. kusudi.
southwest and northeast monsoons, i.e., on a job, do the spadework of a project.
approx. late March to early April and late
see makubazi. makutano pi. see kutano.
makubadhi* pi.
November to early December. Cf. lala (?). malimati*, maliumati (— ) Isl. 1. ceremony
makuu pi. 1. pride, arrogance, vanity, con- in commemoration of the dead. 2. meal
makubazi*, makubadhi pi. leather sandals
malendalenda, marendarenda pi. 1. mucus served after the memorial ceremony.
ceit. 2. ambition. Cf. kuu.
(decorated).
(discharge). 2. med. mucus-like or
watery feces. malimbiko pi. see mlimbiko.
.
mamanua mamba
lalir 282 283 mang'amung'amu
mamba (-) 1. crocodile. 2. kind of poison-

meal. 3. destroy, exterminate, ugonjwa manati* (-) sling, catapult.
malimo pi. field work, agriculture. Cf. ous snake. 3. rare leech (= mruba).
l|ima, makulima, ukulima. huu umewamaliza watu wengi. Many people
have fallen victim to the disease, appl. manawa (-) med. skin disease, herpes
malizia. intr. malizika. caas. malizisha. mambo pi. of *jambo. (affecting especially the hands).
malimwengu pi., rel. worldly things, mundane Cf. nawa.
matters. ulimwengu. ass. malizana.

Cf.
2 manda (_) manda
mambo pi. of uwambo. (a pastry made of rice-flour
malizano pi. lamenting, sobbing, weeping, and grated coconut). Cf. kimanda.
*malindi pi. malindi (small apron of beads
wailing, Cf. lia. mamboleo adj. modern, present-day. ukoloni
worn by women). mandari*
— . neo-colonialism. Cf. ^jambo, leo. (_) entertainment, revel, dance.
malizi pi. rustling, crackling, rattling. Cf. mandhari.

^malindi pi. of lindi.
Cf. Ilia. mamlaka* (-) 1. power, rule, government.
- ya kujitawala. rare self-government. mandhari* (-) (external) appearance, view,
malipizi pi. see lipizi.

(-) ruler, monarch, king. 2. jur. jurisdiction. 3. right of owner- scene, sight; prospect, landscape.
malki*, maliki
%iliki, milki. ship, property right, possession, wa na
Cf. -.
malipo pL see Iipo. have the right of possession over a thing. mandusi* (-) 1. box, chest (= ndusi).
malkia* (-) queen. Cf. malki. 4. (official) position, capacity, status. 2. trunk, suitcase.
malisaa*, malisao (— ) see marisaa. Cf. Imiliki, malki.
malu (— ) malu (species of antelope, Strepsi-

manemane* (_) myrrh (Commiphora abyssini-
malisha pi. see malisho. mamoja adv. one and ca).

ceros strepsiceros). the same, all the same,
immaterial, ukija usije, kwangu ni —
malisho, malisha, malishoni pZ., 1. pasture, malumbano pi., jur. cross-examination. Whether you come or not manena pi., anat. groin. (= kinena.)
is immaterial to
pasturage. 2. fodder. Cf. la.
Cf. lumba. me. Cf. moja.
maneno pi. see neno.
malishoni pi. see malisho. maluuni* (— ) see maleuni, mamsahib*, memsahib [llind.-Ar.-Engl.^
(-) lady, mistress. maneva* [Engl, maneuver?] (-) pleasure
Cf. sahibu, suhubi-
maliumati* (— ') see malimati. mama (— ) 1. mother, mamangu ( < mama ana. trip, excursion, tunakwenda -. We are
yangu). my mother. 2.: — mkubwa. aunt going on an excursion.
maliwato pi. 1. bathroom (inside a house). (older sister of one's mother). — mdogo. mamwana pL of mwana 2.
2. a small open area adjoining a house aunt (younger sister of one's mother). manga eat food plain (without relish,
gravy,
where one may wash one's hands, face, 3.: — wakambo. stepmother. 4. a term man* (-) see mani. etc.). Cf. lumanga.
etc. of polite address used by younger men or
women to older women or by older men in manamba* [Engl.'] pi. crow A (of people ). 2
Manga* (-) 1. Arabia. (= Uarabu.) 2. an
maliwazo pi. comfort, sympathy, aid. positions of authority to younger women Cf. namba. object of Arabian origin (= Mwarabu,
Ara-
Cf. liwaza, liwazo. who are their subordinates (in an office, buni). pilipili _. black pepper, mkoma -.
etc.). Cf. umama. manane pL: usiku wa -. the dead of night, pomegranate tree, njiwa -. (species of)
maliza 1. end, conclude, finish, complete. the small hours (about 2:00 A.M.). (lit. pigeon, wanja wa -. antimony, kohl.
— kazi. complete a job. — deni. pay/ mamanua open, loosen, separate, break -apart. 'the eighth hour of night'; cf. nane.) Cf. Kimanga, Mmanga, Umanga.
settle a debt. 2. consume, polish off
(food). - chakula. completely consume a manani* sing., rel. Benefactor, the Bene-
mang'amung'amu, mang'ang'amu pi. mental
ficent (a title of God).
derangement; confusion, dismay.
Cf.
ng'amua.
manuwiyo
manganja 284
manyago 285 mapacha
manganja pi. 1. rattle/bell worn by dancers manjorinjori pi. see ujorinjori.

manyago pi. initiation ceremony (for chil- maonevu pi. see uonevu.
on the legs. 2. child's rattle.
dren). Cf. kinyago.
manju (— ) leader of singing (at dances).
maonezi pi. oppression. Cf. ona, uonevu.
mangazimbwe pi. optical illusion, mirage.
manyatta* tMaasai] (-) compound.
= mazigazi.) usiku — . dark night. manoari* L Engl. J (— ) see manowari.
(
maongezi pi. 1. conversation, chat, weka -
manyonyota pi. fine rain, drizzle. Cf. nyo- begin a conversation. 2. pastime, amuse-
see manoleo pi. 1. metal ring between the blade
mangharibi* (— ) magharibi.
nyota. ment. Cf. 2ongea.
and handle of a knife. 2, back of a knife
blade (as opp. to the edge; ~ mafutani).
mangili* (— ) naut, device (cathead) for se-
manyoya pi. fur, feathers, wool (of an animal). maongozi order, arrangement, regula-
pi. 1.
curing a cable/anchor (on native boats). Cf. noa, noleo.
tion. — ya siasa. political platform.
Cf. mangrini.
manong'onezo, manong'ono pi. 1. whisper- 2. repair, restoration. 3. management,
manza (— ) 1. crime, offense, delict, outrage.
2. rumor, gossip. 3. prophecy, pre- administration. 4. rel. guidance, provi-
ing.
mango (— ) (augment, of kimango) millstone 2. legal action, trial.
diction. nong'ona, mnong ono.
dence. — ya Mungu. God's providence.
(upper part of a stone mill). Cf.
Cf. ongoa.
manzili*, menzili (— ) rel. something sent by
manong'ono pi. see manong onezo.
mangrini* (— ) naut. knot tied in an anchor God, revelation.
maoni pi. view(s), opinion. — ya wananchi.
cable. (= makoroa.) Cf. mangili.
man-of-war, public opinion. Cf. ona, ono.
manowari*, manoari L Engl. J (— )
maokozi pi. rescue, deliverance (from a
warship, naval vessel, kundi la — , flotilla,
mang'ungumu adv., rare secretly, surreptiti- personal difficulty). Cf. okoa.
squadron. maono pi. thought, feeling, sensation, per-
ously, on the sly, confidentially. (- siri.)
ception. Cf. ona, ono.
maombezi pi. see maombi.
mansuli* (— ) (kind of) woolen cloth, blanket.
mangwaji pi. ostentation, vanity.
maonyesho pi. exhibition, demonstration.
maombi, maombo, maombezi, maomvi pi. — ya ukulima. agricultural exhibition.
manufaa* (— ) 1. necessary /useful thing.
mani*, man (— ) man (unit of weight: three
1. request, entreaty, petition, appeal.
2. use(fulness), profit, benefit, advantage. Cf. ona.
pounds, 1.4 kg). mediation, intercession.
nafuu.
2. Cf. omba.
Cf.
maonyo pi. warning; sign, hint. Cf. ona.
manii* (— ) phy. semen, sperm. (= shahawa.) maombo pi. see maombi.
manuku* (-) see manukuu.
maoteo pi. hiding-place, ambush. Cf. n>ta.
manisipaa*, manisipali, (-) see munisipali. maombolezo pi. 1. wail(ing), lamentation.
manukuu*, manuku (-) rare 1. copy, tran-
translation. 2. groaning, moaning. 3. (sound of) maovu pi. 1. evil, wickedness. 2. malice,
script. 2. imitation. 3.
manja (— ) ornith. Pemba white-eye.
mourning, dirge. (= kilio.) omboleza,
nakili, nakala.
Cf. spite, 3. unfairness, injustice. Cf. ovu,
= shige la manjano.) Cf.
( ombolezo; also omba. uovu.
manuwio*, manuwiyo pi., rare intention, aim,

manjali* (-) naut. rope of the front sail maomvi pi. see maombi. maovyo trash, rubbish. ovyo.
purpose (especially in respect of a visit to pi. Cf.
(of a native boat).
a witch doctor or the use of acharm). Cf.
nuia, nuio.
maondokeo pi. see ondokeo. maowidha* pi. see mauidha.
manjano (-) 1. turmeric. 2.: rangi ya -.
yellow pigment, rangi ya— mabivu. orange
maondoleo pi. 1. removal, elimination.
manuwiyo pi. see manuwio. maozi pi. marriage arrangements. Cf. oa.
pigment. Cf. kimanjano. forgiveness, absolution. —
2. rel. ya
dhambi. forgiveness of sins. Cf. ondoa, mapacha pi. twins. — watatu. triplets.
ondoleo. Cf. pacha.

mapakio 286 maponea maponyea 287 marehemu
maponyea, maponyo pi. 1. drugs, medicines.

mapakio, tnapakizi pi. 1. loading-platform; mapendeleo, mapendo pi. inclination, liking, maradufu*, marudufu, mardufu 1. (_) d ou .
2. cure, (course of) treatment.
(naut.) loading-crane, 2. naut. freight, partiality, preference, predilection, favor. Cf. pona. bling, duplicate. 2. (a/so rudufu) adj.
cargo. 3. freightage. Cf. ^pakia. Cf. penda. double, twofold. Cf. rudufu.
maponyo pi. see maponyea.
mapakizi pi. see mapakio. mapendezi pi. friendliness, kindness, polite- marahaba* inter j. 1. good, thank you.
maposo pi., rare 1. courtship, proposal of very well (in response to the salutation
ness, obligingness. Cf. penda. 2.
marriage. 2. arrangements of marriage.
mapalilio pi. see mapalio. shikamoo).
Cf. posa.
mapendo pi. see mapendeleo.
marahamu* (-) see marhamu.
mapa!io t mapalilio pi. hoeing, weeding.
mati(i7a n/ Ar =J : „ : r i
Cf.
x
paa. mapenzi pi. see penzi.
marakaraka* 1. pi. spot, patch, stripe.
mapumziko pi. 1. rest, relaxation. 2. ces- 2. adj. spotted, speckled, striped,
mapepe pi. 1. chaff, grain-husks. 2. empty/
mapambano pi. 1. contact; impact, colli-
sation (of work), pause, break. pumua. checked.
barren ears of grain. Cf. Cf. kiraka.
sion. 2. meeting, (close) touch (with a
person). 3. sport contest, match, ka-

mapune (-) med. a skin disease. marasharasha*
— mapepeta pi.: — ya mpunga. unripe grains of Cf. puna. pi. 1. sprinkle, shower,
tika ya timu mbili hizi, Brazil wata-
rice (roastedX pepeta. spray. 2. sprinkling, moistening,
shinda Chile. In the contest between the Cf. mvua
mapurendi* [Engl.l pi. epaulets, gold braid. ya -. light rain, drizzle.
Cf. rasha.
two teams Chile was defeated by Brazil.
mapesa* L Port. J pi. money. — taslimu.
Cf. pambana.
Ipesa.
mapusa pi. augment, of kipusa. marashi* perfume.
cash, ready money. Cf. (_) Cf. rasha.
mapana pi. 1. width, breadth. 2. diameter.

mapwa, mapwaji pi. shore, coast, beach. marazi*
mapigano, mapigiano pi. fight, conflict, (-) see maradhi.
Cf. Ipana, upana.
struggle, battle. — ya kitabaka. coram. Cf. pwa.
class struggle. Cf. piga, pigano. mardadi* see malidadi.

mapatano pi. see patano.
mapyoro pi. 1. boasting, giving oneself airs.
2. exaggeration, fraud. Cf. pyora, pyoro. mardudi* (-) refusal, denial, rejection,
mapindu pi. somersault. Cf. pinda, pindu. 1.
mapatilizo pi. see upatilivu.
repudiation. 2. rare going over something
mara* 1. (— ) time, turn, occasion; series, for a second time
mapinduzi pi. 1. (radical) change, upheaval. (e.g., checking one's
mapato pi. see pato. sequence.
pinda. 2. adv. once; immediately; arithmetic to make sure there
2. revolution. Cf. is no mistake).
suddenly, unexpectedly. - moja. once. Cf. rudi.
mapayo pi. delirium. Cf. payo. -
mapishi pi. cooking, cookery, prov. mchele mbili. twice. - nyingi. often, frequent-
mmoja — mabalimbali. There is only one

ly. — kwa — . again and again, often. mardufu* (_) see maradufu.
mapema adv. early, in good time, asubuhi
rice, but there are various ways of cooking
— hii. immediately, directly.
na — . early in the morning. — mwaka. at
it. Cf. pika. marefu pi. length, height, depth, haina - ya
the beginning of the year.
maraba* pi. see mraba. kutosha. It is not long enough. Cf. ref'u.
mapiswa pi. stupidity, folly, nonsense.

mapembelezo pi. see mabembelezo. maradhi*, marazi
piswa. (-) illness, sickness, dis- marehemu* (-) deceased person, the late...;
Cf.
ease; pestilence, epidemic. - ya ng'ombe. (pi.) the dead. Sikukuu ya - Wote. All
mapendano pi. (reciprocal) affection, fond-
maponea pi. food, subsistence, livelihood.
cattle plague. — nyogea. rachitis. - ya Souls' Day. Cf. rehema, rehemu.
ness. Cf. penda. mti, scrofula.
Cf. pona.
marekani 288 masahaba
masahala 289 mashine
marekani* adj. American. marini* L ?J adj. 1. pleasant, attractive.

masahala*, msaala (-) question. - ya siasa
2. fashionable, elegant.
mashabo* (-) see mashobo.
3. fresh.
(dini). political (religious) questions.
marendarenda pi. see malendalenda. healthy, good-looking.
Cf. saili, swali.
mashairi* pi. see shairi.
marengu pi., naut. outrigger. marisaa*, marisawa, marisao, marisau, mali-

masaibu* (-) 1. rel. predestination, divine
saa, malisao pi. (small) shot, lead. mashaka* pi. 1. trouble, distress, difficulty.
punishment. 2. grief, distress, misfortune,
bunduki ya — shotgun. risasi. 2. need, privation, misery. Cf. shaka,
marhamu*, marahamu, malhamu (— ) 1, grease, . Cf.
affliction. Cf. 2 s jb u ,
shuku.
paste. 2. salve, ointment, plaster.
marisao*, marisau, marisawa (— ) see ma-
masakasaka pi. dry leaves/twigs.
risaa. mashambizo pi. mashambizo (cloths used
maridadi* (— ) see malidadi.
for washing a corpse).
masala* (-) rare, Isl. law.
maridhawa* 1. adj. much, plenty of, enough, marmar* (— ) marble.
mashapo pi. 1. residue, sediment, dregs.
abundant. 2. adv. in abundance/profu- masalala* (usually lo masalale) interj. of 2. rare pulp, husks (of fruit, grain, etc.,
sion. Cf, radhi, ridhi. marudi*, marudio pi. 1. return, arrival.
amazement.
2. requital, punishment; reprimand. Cf. left after squeezing or pounding). (= ma-
rudi. sira, mashata, masimbi, mashudu.)
maridhia*, mridhia (wa-) 1. polite/charming/
masalan* see mathalan.
nice person. 2. unassuming, unpretentious,
marudio* see marudi. mashariki* (-) 1. sunrise. 2. east. - ya
modest person, mke vvangu — . My wife is
pi.
masalia, masalio pi. see masaa. mbele. Near East. - ya kati/katikati.
unassuming. Cf. radhi, ridhi.
marudufu* (— ) see maradufu. Middle East, -yambali. Far East. - ya
masalkheri* salutation: Good evening.
marigedi* (— ) marigedi (large copper kettle).
kusini. southeast. 3.: —a — . adj. east-
Cf. sabalkheri. ern, oriental.
marufaa* (— ) 1. bookrest fused for reading
marijani* (— ) coral. — ya fedhaluka red the Koran). 2. candlestick. 3. part of a

masamaha*, masameho pi. see msamaha.
native loom. Cf. rufaa. masharti* pi. see shuruti.
coral.
masango pi. thick wire of brass or copper

marufuku* pi. 1. prohibition. — kuvuta masharubu* pi. moustache. Cf. sharubu.
marika pi. persons of the same age or belong-
fused to make ornaments).
ing to the same age group, contemporaries, hapa. No smoking. 2. embargo. Cf. ru-
fuku. mashata* pL lees, residue (of oil, etc.).

hawa ni — yangu. These people are my con-
masao pi. see masaa.
temporaries. Cf. rika.
marugurugu pi. swelling, lump(s), mashavu pi. see shavu.
masarifu* pi. see masurufu.
marikani* (— ) see merikani.
marupurupu pi. increase, extra compensation; mashenaka* pL, arch, gallows.
masazo pi. see masaa.
discount, rebate.
marimba (— ) marimba (kind of wooden xylo-
mashendea pi. mashendea (thin, watery rice
phone).
masega p^.; — ya nyuki. honeycomb, honey soup).
masaa, masao, masalio, masalia, masazo pL
in the comb.
1. remains, remainder, vestige, remnant.
mariuda pi. edge, border; pleat (of a skirt,
2. rel. relic. 3. rare corpse. (= maiti.) mashindano pi. see shindano.
etc.).
masengenyo pi. slander, calumny. Cf. se-
Cf. 4aa.
ngenya. mashine*, mashini [Engl.] {-) 1„ machine,
maringo pi. 1. boasting, arrogance. 2. tale-
masahaba* pi., Isl. companions of Muhammad. engine, _ ya kuandika. typewriter. -
bearing. ringa.
ya
Cf.
Cf. sahibu.
.
291 matagataga
shini 290
masiwa, maziwa pi. 1. rare large island. masukosuko pi. see masuko.
barafu. refrigerator. — ya stimu. electric mashurti*, mashuruti pi. see shuruti. 2. (small) group of islands. Cf. kisiwa,
motor. — za upuraji wa nafaka. thresher,
siwa. masuluhu* (-) see masilaha.
kwa kutumia — . mechanical. 2. rare loco- mashuuri* see mashuhuri.
motive. masiya* (-) see masihiya. masumbul'u pi. see masumbuko.
masia* (— ) rare walk, stroll, enda — . go
mashini* (— ) see mashine. walking, go for a walk.
masizi, masinzi pL soot. masumbuko, masumbufo, masumbuo, masumbu-
Iizi pL 1. pain, torment. 2. disturbance,
mashitaka* pi. see mashtaka. masifu* pi. praise, flattery. Cf. sifa, sifu.
maskani* (-) see makani. difficulty, obstacle. 3. unrest; annoyance,
vexation. 4. pursuit, persecution « U nr>r e s-
mashitakiano* pi. see mashtaka. masihara"', mashkara (— ) jest, joke; mockery,
maskhara* (-) rare mask, disguise. sion. Cf. sumbua, sumbufu.
derision, —a — . ridiculous.
mashkara* (— ) see masihara. maskini* 1. (-) poor person, beggar. masumbulizi pi. see masumbuko.
masihiya*, masiya 1. (— ) Messiah, Christ.
2. adj. poor, indigent, destitute, wretched.
(- Kristo.) 2.
= mmasihiya, wa-) Chris-
mashobo*, mashabo (— ) show(iness), osten- (
umaskini.
Cf. masumbuo pi. see masumbuko.
tian. (
= Mkrislo.) 3. adj. Christian.
tation, vanity.
Cf. umasihiya.
masoka (— ) iron/brass wire. masuo pi. water used for rinsing out the
mashono pL, mshono (mi-) 1. sewing, tail-
mouth. Cf. 'sua.
oring, dressmaking. 2. manner of dress; masika pi. masika (the great rainy season,
approx. April-May). Anasoka pi. see mahoka.

style, fashion; dress, clothing. — mpya. masurufu*, masarifu pi. expenses, expendi-
modern dress. Cf. shona. ture; housekeeping allowance; cost of living.
masikani* (— ) see makani. masombo pi. belt, girdle, sash.
Cf. sarafu, sarifu.
mashtaka*, mashtakiano, mashitaka, mashita-
kiano pi. 1. accusation, reproach, impu- masikitiko pi. see sikitiko. masomo pi. study, studies, alimaliza - yake.
masuto pi. reproach(es), faultfinding, criti-
tation. 2. jur. charge, indictment, suit,
He completed his studies. - ya kujifunza.
cism, accusation. Cf. ^suta.
masilaha*, masilahi, masuluhu rare agree- self-education. soma.
action, prosecution, ameleta — ya uwongo. 1. Cf.
He was convicted of falsehood, fanya — ment, concord, harmony. 2. reconciliation,

mata pL, rare bow and arrows. Cf. uta; also
compromise. (final) result (of bargain- mastadi* [Engl.] (-) mustard. (= haradali.)
accuse, sue. — waziwazi na ya kisiri. 3.
upinde, mshale.
overt and covert charges. shtaki. ing, negotiation). Cf. suluhu.
Cf.
mastakimu* (-) environment, surroundings.
matabwatabwa pi. gruel, paste (anything
masilahi* (— ) see masilaha. Cf. stakimu.
mashtakiano* pi. see mashtaka. pounded until soft and semi-liquid).
masimbi pi. residue, dregs. (= mashapo, masua*, mazua (-) swoon, fainting spell,
mashua* \_lnd. J (— ) boat(s).
matafuni, matafuno pi. 1. chewing, ruminat-
mashudu.) dizziness. Cf. mbasua.
ing. 2. something chewed/nibbled at.
mashudu* pL oilcake (residue after seed has
Cf. tafuna.
masingizio pi. slander, calumny; hypocrisy. masubutu* (-) see mathubuti.
been pressed for oil).
Cf. singiza.
matafuno pi. see matafuni.
masuko, masukosuko pi. 1. rocking, tossing
mashuhuri*, mashuuri adj. famous, well-
masinzi pi. see masizi.
(of a ship], disturbance, convulsion,
known, prominent, distinguished. (
= maa- 2.
matagataga pi.: enda -. walk with the legs
excitement, agitation, unrest. 2 su ka.
rufu, enye sifa, ^bayana.) Cf.
masira* pi. lees (of wine, beer). far apart, walk straddle-legged; take long
strides. Cf. tagaa.
.
mataka 292 matengano matengemano natuko

293
matengemano pi. 1. K eogr. depression.

^mataka, matakwa pi. 1. need, wish, desire. matatizo pi. business. Cf. tata. matilaba* pi. 1. desire, request. 2. purpose,
2. calming down, pacification, return of
2. inclination, leaning, talent, gift. aim , intention.
3 taka. peace (after war). 3. prosperity, stabili-
Cf. mataya pi. chops, jowls. Cf. Maya.
zation. Cf. tengemaa. matilo* (— ) naut. stay.
matayarisho* LPers.J pi. 1. preparation(s),
^mataka, matakataka pi. refuse, rubbish; dirt,
precaution. 2. training, education. Cf. ta-
matengenezo pi. 1. arrangement, disposition.
filth. Cf. âka. matimutimu pi.; — ya nywele or nywele za —
yari, tayarisha. 2. regulation. 3. preparation. Cf. tenge- 2 timka.
ruffled/unruly hair. Cf.
2 nea.
matakataka pi. see mataka.
matbaa* (— ) rare (printing-)press. = mtambo matindi
( pi. young maize plant (before the for-
wa kupiga chapa na kutoa vitabu, kiwanda matengo, matengu pi., naut. outrigger. mation of ears).
matako pi., anat. buttocks. Cf. tako. Cf. tindi.
cha kupiga chapa.)

matengu pi. see matengo.
matakwa pi. see * mataka. matili pi.: enda -. trot (of animals).
mate pi. saliva, tenia — . spit, expectorate.
matamalaki* pi. power, rule, reign, govern- Cf. ute. mateso pi. see teso. o
^matili pi. of titi.
ment. Cf. lmiliki, malki, milki.
matege pi. bow legs, mwenye — . bow-legged matetezi pi. see utetezi.
matlaa* (-) see matlai.
matambuzi pi. explanation, clarification. person. Cf. tege.
Cf. tambua, tambuzi. mateto pi. protest, objection, argument.

matlai*, matlaa (-) rare 1. sunrise. 2. east
mategu pi, typographical error, misprint. Cf. teta.
(- mashariki.) 3. east wind.
matamko, matamshi pi. pronunciation, articu- Cf. Itego.
lation, accent, sema — . speak with a for- mathalan*, mathalani, masalan, methalan adv.
matokeo pi. 1. event, occurrence, incident,
eign accent, speak a language with the ac- mateka pi. 1. prey, booty, plunder. 2. cap- for example. Cf. mithili, methali.
episode. 2. result, outcome, upshot.
cent of one's mother tongue. Cf. tamka. tive, prisoner-of-war. Cf. teka.
Cf. Itoa.
mathalani* see mathalan.
matamshi pi. see matamko. matembele pi. sweet-potato leaves (used as

matoki pi. see toki.
a vegetable). mathubuti*, mathubutu 1. (-) proof, evidence.
matana pi., med. leprosy. (= ukoma.) 2. adj. firm, hard, durable, stable. 3. fig. matongo, matongotongo pi. (also utongo)
matembezi pi. walking, strolling; gadding honest, trustworthy, dependable.
Cf. tha- discharge from the eye. Cf.
4 chongo.
matanga pi. 1. pi. of nanga. 2. (ceremon- about, loitering, loafing; loose living. biti, thibiti.
ies of) mourning. Cf. ^tanga. — ya wageni. tourism. Cf. tembea. matope pi. dirt, mud; swamp. Cf. tope.
mathubutu* (-) see mathubuti,
malapishi pi. 1. vomit; vomiting, nausea. matemo adj. & adv. 1. slanting, crooked. matubwitubwi pi. see machumbwichumbwi.
2. obscene language, profanity. Cf. ta- 2. deformed, misshapen. matibwitibwi pi..- maji -. stale/muddy water.
pika. Cf. tibua. matukano pi. 1. cursing, invective, abuse.
matendo pi. activity, occupation, work.
2. quarrel, dispute. 3. terms of abuse,
matarajio* pi. hope, expectation. Cf. taraji. Cf. tend a. matiko insults.
pi. tempering (of metal), tia -. Cf. tukana.
temper (metal, by heating).
matata pi. confusion, trouble, mess, commo- matengano pi. sectarianism. Cf. tenga.
matuko* [?] (-) grace, charm.
tion, complication, difficulty. Cf. tata.
2 matiko
pi. of utiko.
maundifu
Eiatule 294
maungo 295 mawele
matule* pi. 1. vulgarity, baseness, mean- mauidha*, maowidha, mawaidha (— ) (good)

maungo pi. body, limbs, extremities.
ness. 2. dishonor, disgrace. 3. misery, advice, admonition, instruction. mavundevunde pi. see mavunde.
Cf. ûnga, ûngo.
distress, Cf. tule.
mavune (rarely mavunde) pi. 1. weariness,

*mauja* (— ), muuya, mwuja (miuja) 1, un-
maunzi _p/. building, construction, erection.
matumatu pi. grasshoppers, (young) locusts.
rest, excitement, alarm.
weakness. 2, stiffness (of the joints).
2. danger; mis-
Cf. ûnda.
Cf. kimatu, tunutu.
fortune, accident.
mavunga pL: - ya nywele. thick, unkempt
matumbawe mauti* (-) death. - yalimfika njiani hair,
pi. coral (in the stage before com- or
^mauja* (— ) rare wave (= \vimbi.)
plete fossilization). alifikwa na - njiani. Death overtook him
on the way. dhambi ya -. mavungu
rel. mortal sin. pi. what one has killed/caught
maniiidi* (_) rnrP things wM'-h <=t» obtain-
matumbo pL bowels, intestines, Cf. maiti. when hunting, bag, catch.
entrails, (= mawindo.)
able /a vailable/in one's possession/known
viscera. Cf. tumbo.
from experience.
mauzauza (-) 1. trick(s), deception, illu- mavuno pi. 1, harvest, harvesttime, crop.
sion, juggling, legerdemain. gain, profit, proceeds.
matumio pL see matumizi. 2. confusior, 2. fig. Cf. vuna.
mauko pi. 1. leaving, departure, 2. sending
bewilderment, embarrassment.
off/away. 3. euph. decease, death.
matumishi pi. service, attention, care. mavurugano pi. 1, unrest, confusion. 2. dis-
Cf. uka.
tuma,
mava pi. see mafa. agreement, misunderstanding, difference of
Cf.
opinion. Cf. vuruga.
maulana* (— ) rel. Master, Lord (= God).
mavalio pi. decoration, ornament, adornment,
matumizi, matumio pi. 1. use, employment,
finery. Cf. vaa. mavurugo pL confusion, mess.
utilization, exploitation. 2. expenses, Cf. vuruga.
maulidi* (— ) Isl. 1. birthday of Muhammad.
expenditures. — yake ya mapesa ni maku-
2, festivity celebrating Muhammad's birth-
mavazi pi. clothing. vaa. mavuzi
bwa. His expenses are great. He spends Cf. pi. body hair (armpits, genitals).
day,
a great deal of money. Cf. tuma. - ya kwapa. hair in the armpits. Cf. vuzi,
mavi pi. 1. waste, rubbish, trash. - ya uvuzi.
maulisho (— ) cause of death. Cf. ûa.
chuma. slag. 2. dung, excrement, prov.
matunguu pi., hot. wild cardamom (Aframo-
mum angustifolium). Cf. kitunguu.

- ya kalehayanuki. The bad part of the mawaidha (-) see mauidha.
maulizo pi. 1. investigation, interrogation.
past is forgotten, {lit.: the offal of the
2. jur. hearing, trial. Cf. uliza.
past does not smell.) 3. a coarse term of mawakili* pL agency. _ wa kutoa
matusi, matushi pi. 1. cursing, insults. habari.
abuse or contempt: rot, humbug. mawe. news agency,
2. quarrel, dispute. 3. terms of abuse. Cf. Cf. wakili.
maumbile pi. 1. nature, environment.
Cf. tusha. 2. (natural) character, constitution.
mavilio pi. stoppage, cessation, stagnation. mawazo pL see wazo.
Cf. umba, umbile.
matwana (— ) bus, truck.
— ya damu. med. bruises, contusions,
Cf. via. mawe 1. (pi. of jiwe) stones, stonework.
maume pi. manly deeds, strength, prowess.
maudhiko* pi. 1. unrest, disturbance. 2. an- 2. (- ya mizani) weights (of scales).
Cf. ûme.
mavu (_) hornet. (= nyigu.) 3. nonsense, foolishness.
noyance, vexation, trouble, grief. Cf. udhi. fig.
maumivu pi. see umivu.

mavukizo pL see mfukuto.
mauguzi pi. care of the sick, nursing. 1
mawele pi. mawele (kind of millet, Penicil-
Cf. ugua. — laria spicata or Pennisetum malacochaete).
maundifu maji flood, tidal wave.
pi.: .
mavunde, mavundevunde pi. 1. (scattered) rr
^f.
2
mwele, ill uwele.
clouds, overcast sky. 2. see mavtine.
296 mazishi
297 mbalehe
2 mawele pi., arch. milk. (= 2 maziwa.) maziada pi. see ziada.

imaziwa pi. see masiwa. mbacha (mi-) old, worn-out mat.
maweo pi. see maavvio. maziga pi. 1. vessel for burning incense,
mbadhiri*, mbadhirifu (wa-) swindler, cheat;
maziwa pi. milk, dairy products. -
censer. 2. earthenware dish/pot. Cf. mabichi/
extravagant person, spendthrift. ba-
ya robu. curdled milk. - ya kopo. Cf.
mawese pi. palm oil (from the seeds of the ziga. con-
dhiri.
densed milk. _ matupu. powdered milk.
mehikichi palm).
Cf. 2 z j wa-
mazigazi pi. optical illusion, mirage.
mbadhirifu* (wa-) see mbadhiri.
= mangazimbwe.)
mawimbi pi. breakers, surf. Cf. ^wimbi. (
mazoea pi. 1. habit, custom, usage, practice.

mbadilishaji (wa-) changeable/fickle/whimsi-
mawindo pi. bag, catch (in hunting). maziko dI. 1. burial, interment. 2. grave- 2. conduct, behavior. Cf. *zoea.
i-al/ shiny person; (comm.) revisionist.
Cf. 2 w j n(j a) uvvindo. yard, cemetery. 3. funeral service.
Cf. badili, ubadilishaji.
mazoezi, mazoezo pi. exercise, practice,
Cf. zika.
mawingu kumefanya — training, experience.
pi. clouds, . It is Cf. ôea.
mbafu be uncouth/unmannerly /stupid.
cloudy. Cf. wingu. mazimbwezimbwe pi. 1. rare darkness.
mazoezo pi. see mazoezi.
2. dark/gloomy weather. 3. dull-
mayiti* (-) see
fig.
mbago: enda — go separately, avoid each
maiti. ness, stupidity.
other's company, be at outs.
mazu* pi. mazu (variety of banana).
mayonzi pi. see majonzi. mazingaombwe, mazingaumbo pi. 1. trick,

mbaguzi (wa-) racialist, racist. mbago.
mazua* (-) see masua. Cf.
illusion, cheating (in games). 2. witch-
mayowe pi. see yowe. craft, magic.
mbahili* (wa-) see bahili.
mazuka pi. apparition, ghost. zua,
Cf.
Izuka.
mayugwa pi. leaves of the taro (used as a mazingaumbo pi. see mazingaombwe. mbala, mbaa (-) zool. mbala (species of
vegetable). Cf. myugwa.
antelope, bushbuck). (= mbawala.)
mazunguko pi. 1. circular movement,
mazingazinga pi. 1. turn, revolution; turn,
rotation, revolution. round (of a sentry,
mayungiyungi pi. 1. water lily. 2. honey- rounds (of a policeman, etc.). 2. decep- 2.
mbalamwezi, mbaramwezi, mbaamwezi, bala-
comb ( = kamba ya asali, masega, mazana). policeman, etc.). Cf. zungua.
tion, misleading. Cf. zinga.
mwezi (_) 1. moonlight. 2. full moon.
mazao pi. 1. produce, offspring. 2. profit, mazingira, mazingo

mazungumzo pi. 1. conversation, chat, dis-
pi. environment, sur-
mbalanga*, balanga (-) med. mbalanga
cussion. 2. amusement, pastime.
gain. 3. math, product (of multiplication). roundings. Cf. zinga.
Cf. zungumza, zungumzo.
(a skin disease), - nyeupe (nyeusi).
4. result, consequence, taabu anayopata
white(black) mbalanga.
ni — ya upuuzi wake. The difficulties that mazingiwa, mazingo pi. siege, blockade.
mba (-) 1. med. acne. 2. dandruff.
he has are the result of his folly. Cf. zaa, Cf. zinga.
mbalasi* (mi-) see balasi.
zao.
= mbaa (-) see mbala.
mazingo pi. 1. see mazingira. 2. ma-
imbale pi. of ubale.
mazeka* \_Germ. Musiker?] (mi-) trumpeter, zingiwa. 3. circumstances, conditions.
mbaamwezi (-) see mbalamwezi.
horn player, bugler. Cf. zinga.
2 mbale
(mi-) augment, of ubale (smaller than
mbaazi (mi-) hot. 1. plant bearing a variety bale).
mazeruzeru pi. see zeruzeru. mazishi pi. 1. preparations for a burial.
2. articles used a burial.
of pea (Cajanus indicus). 2. (-) peas
in Cf. zika.
from this plant. mbalehe* (wa-) see balehe.
ibali 298 mbarika
mbaruti 299 mbeleko
mbali 1. adv. far, distant, remote; at/from a mbanduko (mi-) 1. (act of) pulling off, re-
mbaruti (mi-) bot. Mexican poppy (Argemt>ne
distance; (fig.) aloof. — ya... far from.. . Said na moving. 2. fig. decrease; abolition, an- mbawawa (-) mbawawa (kind of fish).
mexicana).
mimi tunakaa —. Said and I live far away from nulment. Cf. bandika.
each other, nilimwona kwa — . I saw him mbayana* 1. (wa-) well-known/famous per-
mbashiri* (wa-) 1. messenger, one who brings
from a distance. 2. adv. long since, for mbangi* son. 2. adj. evident, apparent, obvious,
(mi-) see bangi.
news. 2. prophet. - dini. commentator well-known.
a long time, niliyajua mambo haya — . I 3. adv. see Ibayana.
(on religious matters). 3. soothsayer,
have known about this matter for- Cf. baina, baini, Ibayana.
for a long *mbango (— ) wild pig, warthog (= ngiri). tune-teller. Cf. bashiri.
time, 3. adv. (with the appl. form of v.)
completely, entirely, utterly, ulia -. kill mbayuwayu* [PersJ ornitL swallow, swift.
^mbango (— ) si. money. mbasua* (_) 1. spell of dizziness.
outright. 4. adj. {also mbalimbali) sep-
2. mad-
r.cca, insanity, menial aberration.
arate, different. umbali. Lf. ba- mbazazi* (wa-) see
Cf. bazazi.
mbanjo (mi-) 1. (act of) breaking up, tearing sua, masua.
down. 2. damage, injury. 3. auto, break-

mbalimbali adj. different, various. Cf. mbali. mbea 1. (wa-) (also mmbea) slanderer,
down. Cf. banja. mbata (-) fully ripe coconut.
gossip, talebearer, scandalmonger.
mbalungi* LPers.J (mi-) hot. grapefruit 2. (mi-) slander, denunciation. 3. adj.

mbano (mi-) 1. (act of) pressing, squeezing. mbati pi. of ^wati.
tree. Cf. balungi. false, untrue. Cf. umbea, mmbea.
2. fig. pressure, tension; effort, exertion
(physical or mental). 3. (also kibano) mbatilifu* (wa-) one who declares something
mbega (-) mbega (species of monkey, Colo-
*mbamba (mi-) hot. mbamba (poisonous plant, to be invalid/ineffective.
tongs, pincers, tweezers. 4. hand vise. Cf. batili.
spurge: Euphorbia abyssinica). bus vellerosus).
Cf. bana.
mbatizaji* [Engl J (wa-) one who baptizes. mbegu (-) L seed, panda -. sow. 2. germ,
^mbamba (mi-) spade, shovel. Cf. 3 Dam b a , Mtakatifu Johana Mbatizaji.
^mbao (mi-) see bao. St. John the bud, shoot, seedling, cutting. 3. race,
Baptist. Cf. batiza.
breed, species.
mbambakofi (mi-) bot. magnolia tree (Afze-
^mbao pi. of ubao.
lia quanzensis).
mbau (mi-) see bao. mbeja* [_PersJ (wa-) neat/well-dressed
mbaraka (mi-) see baraka. person, one who takes pride in his per-
mbambangoma (— ) bot. mbambangoma (a
mbau pi. of ubao, ubau. sonal appearance. Cf. ubeja.
shrub with long spines).
mbaramba (— ) see mramba.
^mbavu pL of ubavu. mbeko (-) see mbeleko.

mbamia* (mi-) bot. okra plant. Cf. bamia.
mbaramwezi (mi-) see mbalamwezi.
mbele 1. (-) front. - yangu. in front of
mbandarini* LPers.J (wa-) dock worker, Anbavu (ma-) see ^bavu.
= kuli.) mbarango (mi-) stick, club. me. - ya sheria. before the law. loc.
longshoreman. ( Cf. bandari.
mbeleni. coll. genitals. 2. adv. be-
mbawa pi. of ubawa.
mbarapi (— ) zool. mbarapi (sable antelope). fore, in front, forward; further,
beyond;
mbande (— ) rare neap tide. (- maji mafu.)
earlier, previously, long ago;
mbawala, mbawara (-) zool. later, sub-
mbawala (kind of
mbari (— ) rare family, clan, tribe. sequently, in the future; on the other hand,
mbandiko (mi-) 1. pasting, gluing; applica- antelope, bushbuck). (= mbala.)
on thecontrary. Cf. umbele.
tion. 2. something applied/stuck/pasted
mbarika (mi-) bot. castor-oil plant (Ricinus
(a plaster, etc.). Cf. bandika. mbawara (-) see mbawala.
communis), mbono/kokwa ya — . seed of mbeleko, mbeko, ubeleko, uweleko
(-) (also
the castor-oil plant, mafuta ya — . castor oil. beleko, ma-) mbeleko (cloth sling used for
carrying children on the back).
Cf. eleka.
.
mbishi 301
mbirimbi lb lit
mbelewele 300
mbishi (wa-) 1. stubborn/obstinate person. mbolea (-) 1. manure, fertilizer. 2. richness

mbelewele (-) bot. pollen. mbilikitno* (— ) 1. dwarf, gnome. 2. pygmy.
2. argumentative/contentious/cavilling per- (of soil).
son. 3. mocker, scoffer. Cf. bisha.
Mbelgiji* [Germ.?] (wa-) a Belgian. mbilimbi, mbirimbi (mi-) cucumber tree
tnbomoko (mi-) see bomoko.
(Averrhoa bilimbi).
mbishi pi, of ubishi.
Ifnbembe, mbembelezi, mbembezi (wa-) mbomoshi (wa-) 1. one who destroys/ruins.
mbilingani* LPers.J (mi-) eggplant (Solanum
1. flatterer. 2. seducer, tempter. 3. flirt,
mbisho (mi-) 2. rec, pol.
see bisho. revolutionist, radical. Cf.
melongena). Cf. bilingani.
coquette, immoral woman. Cf. bemba. bomoa.
mbisi* (mi-) see bisi.
mbinda* [/rarf.] (mi-) okra, lady's finger
^mbembe (mi-) coll. hunger.
(- mbamia.)
mbona interrog. why? for what reason? (more
(Hibiscus esculentus).
mbiu (-) 1. buffalo horn. 2. announcement, polite than kwa nini). - umekawia kuja?
mbembelezi, mbembezi (wa-) see 'mbembe. proclamation which attention was former-
(to
Why are you late?
mbingu (plur. of uwingu) 1. sky, heaven.
ly called by blowing a buffalo horn), piga
2. clouds, cloudiness. 3. rare darkness.
mbenuko (mi-) roundness, curve, bulge. — blow
. the buffalo horn, make an announce- mboni (-) 1. (also - ya jicho) anat. eyeball,
Cf. benua. ment. pupil. 2. fig. something precious, the apple
mbini* (wa-) 1. blacksmith. 2. forger,
of one's eye. 3. a lost thing, missing person,
counterfeiter. Cf. bini.
mbepari* (wa-) comm. bourgeois, wadoezi mbiya (-) cutting, seedling: tia -. transplant mtumwa wa -. a missing slave. 4. reward for
wa wabepari. bourgeois hangers-on. Cf. seedlings. finding a lost object. Cf. ona.
mbinja (plur. of ubinja) whistle, whistling.
bepari, kibepari, ubepari.
roundness, curvature. — ya mbizi (— ) dive, diving, piga — mbono (mi-) mbono (castor-oil plant, Ricinus
mbinu (— ) 1. . to dive,
mbezi (wa-) presumptuous/arrogant/conceited maji ya — deep communis), mafuta ya -. castor
mkono (mguu). well-shaped arm (leg). . water, sport fancy diving. oil. Cf.
person. Cf. beza. ubono, nyonyo.
2. pressure, arm-twisting. 3. trickery,
distortion, fuata — . follow suit. Cf. be- 2 mbizi

(-) mbizi (kind of bird).
mbibo* [Port.] (mi-) cashew apple tree
mbono
nua. (pi. of ubono) seeds of the castor-oil
(Anacardium occidentale). Cf. bibo.
mbobo (— ) abundance, excess, superfluity. plant.
1.
Imbio 1. (-) (act of) running, race, piga/ 2. fertility. 3. cheapness.

mbigili, mbigiri (mi-) mbigili (species of
enda — . to run. 2. adv. (also mbiombio) mboo, mboro (mi-) anat., vulg. penis.
thorny shrub, Tribulus terrestris). = dhakari,
very fast, in haste, at full speed. mboga 1. (-) mboga (large pumpkin, Cucurbita ( uume.)
moschata). 2. [also mbogamboga, — ) vege-

mbiginyo (mi-) humiliation.
mboro (mi-) see mboo.
^mbio (— ) mbio (kind of cassava). table (of any kind). — ya pwani. purslane.
mbigiri (mi-) see mbigili.

= mama •nbogamboga (— ) mboza (mi-) mboza (kind of tree, Sterculia
mbiomba (— ) rare maternal aunt. ( see mboga.
cinerea),
mkubwa/mdogo.)
mbiha (mi-) mbiha (a perennial plant, Abuti-
mbogo (-) buffalo (= nyati.)
lum zanzibaricum). mbu (— ) mosquito.
mbirambi* (— ) see rambirambi.
mbili two. nyumba — . two houses, mara — tnboji (— ) soil moisture.
twice, mbili-tatu. two or three, several. mbuai adj., rare wild, brutal, mnyama -. wild
mbirimbi (mi-) see mbilimbi.
wili. mbokora (-) beer calabash (with a narrow animal. Cf.
'
ua, mwuaji.
Cf.
neck).
mbuga 302 11 buz
mbv 303 mchanga
mbuga (— ) savannah, steppe, grassland, mbungo, mbung'o (— ) tsetse fly. (- chafuo.)

mbwa (-) dog. _ wa mwitu. jackal. _ koko. mohafuzi (wa-) person who creates
wild dog; (fig.) bastard. confusion/
mbuge (wa-) a person who is constantly 9 _ ya kuwinda. disorder; (pol.) diversionist,
mbung'o (— ) see mbungo. saboteur. Cf.
eating. hunting dog. Cf. jibwa, kijibwa.
Cf. bugia, ubuge. chafua.
mbungu (— ) zool. mbungu (species of

mbugi (— ) small bells (fastened to the legs of
mbwago (mi-) 1. fall, collapse, slump. - wa
antelope, eland.) = *mpofu.) mchago (mi-) see ^hago.
(
bei. drop in price. 2. falling off,
children or dancers). subsiding
(of interest, etc.). Cf. bwaga. mchagua (wa-): prov. - em be
*mbuni* (mi-) coffee bush. Cf. buni. j si mkulima. A
*mbugu (mi-) mbugu (climbing plant, rubber poor workman blames his tools.
Cf. chagua.
mbwanda (mi-) sword-bean (= mwingasiafu).
liana). Cf. mbungo.
-mbuni* (— ) zool. ostrich. kiila — ficr Kp =„ôr.„f..i _„.. ...i..,
mchaguo (mi-j choice, selection. Cf. chagua.
wants, rejoice.
^mbugu pi. of ubugu.
^mbuni* (wa-) 1. organizer. 2. inventor; mchaguzi (wa-)
o 1. fastidious/exacting person.
author. Cf. buni. mbwe (-) 1. small stone, pebble. 2. gravel. 2. pol. voter, elector.
mbuguma (— ) cow that has calved. Cf. chagua.
Cf. jiwe.
mbura (mi-) mbura (kind of tree with yellow mchai* (mi-) hot. 1. tea-plant (Thea sinensis).
mbuji (wa-) see mmbuji. mbwedu
blossoms, Parinarium curatellae folium). 1. (wa-) an unpleasant/dirty/disgust-
Cf. chai. 2. lemon grass (Andropogon citrio-
ing/malicious person. 2. (mi-) a disgusting/ dorus).
Mbuki (wa-) a Malagasy. Cf. Buki.
mburuga (mi-) magic for identifying a wrong- repulsive thing.
doer (by use of the bao, q.v.). mchaji (wa-) see mcha.
mbukulia, mbukuzi (wa-) chatterbox, gossip,
mbweha (-) jackal (Canis mesomelas).
scandalmonger. Cf. bukua.
mburugo (mi-) 1. mixing, mixture. 2. {- bweha.)
fig. mchakacho (mi-) 1. crushing, pounding, pulver-
confusion, disorder, jumble. Cf. buruga. izing. 2. crackling, rustling. Cf. chakacha.
mbukuzi (wa-) see mbukulia.
mbweko (mi-) bark(ing) (of dogs). Cf. bweka.
mburukenge (— ) zool. monitor lizard. mchakuro (mi-)
mbulia (mi-) mbulia (a wild shrub). 1. scratching, scribbling, scrawl;
(= kenge.) mbwende (-) mbwende (apron of beads worn scratch, laceration. 2. fig. careful scrutiny,
by women beneath their normal clothing). investigation, revision.
mbulu, mbulukwa (wa-) insane/feeble-minded Cf. chakura.
mburuzo, mbuuzo (mi-) 1. pulling, dragging.
person.
2. trace, track, mark. — wa nyoka. track mbweu (-) belch(ing). piga -. to belch. mchamvya (mi-) mchamvya (tree with edible fruit,
of a snake. Cf. burura.
PachystelaSacleuxii). (= mchocha.)
mbulukwa (wa-) see mbulu.
mbwoji (mi-) spring (of water); spout, fountain.
mbuuzo (mi-) see mburuzo. mc-hana sing. 1. day. - kutwa (kuchwa). the
mbungati (mi-) mbungati ('sausage tree,'
mcha, mchaji (wa-): - Mungn. rel. a God-fear- whole day.
Kigelia pinnata).
2. daytime. - mdogo. midday
ing person. 2
mbuya (— ) 1. concubine, mistress. 2. prostitute. Cf. cha. (period preceding and following
noon).
chakula cha -. midday meal.
mbunge (ma-) member of parliament. Cf. bunge. 3. daylight.
mbuyu (mi-) baobab, calabash tree (Adansonia mchachatochachato (_) slow, deliberate gait.
digitata). Cf. buyu, ubuyu. mchanga sing. 1. sand. - mnene (mwembamba).

^mbungo (mi-) rubber liana (Landolphia mchafuko (mi-) 1. something dirty /filthy. 2. coarse (fine) sand, chembe ya -. grain of
florida). mbuzi (— ) 1. goat. — mwitu. ibex, klipspringer. disorder, confusion; (pol.) crisis. — wa sand. 2. dust, powder, sukari -. granulated
2. coconut grater. kilimwengu. international crisis. 3. breakers, sugar. Cf. uchanga.
surf. Cf. chafua.
mchanganuo 304 mchemko mchengo 305 mchocha
mchanganuo mchengo (mi-) 1. mowing (grain).

(mi-) analysis. Cf. changa. mche (mi-) 1. seedling, cutting, slip. 2. fig. 2. cutting, mchimbaji, mchimbuzi (wa-) one who digs for
felling (trees). Cf. ichenga.
descendant, offspring. a living: excavation/construction laborer;
mchanganyaji (wa-) 1. one who mixes or com- (— wa madini) miner, mine worker. —
pounds something, 2.: — dawa. druggist, mchea, mcheaji (wa-) timid/timorous person. mchenza (mi-) mandarin-orange tree (Citrus dhahabu. goldminer, gold-digger. Cf. chimba.
2 nobilis). Cf. chenza.
pharmacist. Cf. * changa. Cf. cha.
mchimbi, mchimvi, mtimvi (wa-) arch, un-
mchanganyiko (mi-) mixture. mcheshi (wa-) pleasant/affable person. lucky person, person of
Cf. ^change. mcheaji (wa-) see mchea. Cf. ill omen (one for
cheka, cheshi. whom an unfortunate life was foretold at
mchanganyo (mi-) 1. confusion. 2. forgery, his birth). Cf. chimba, chimvi, uchimvi.
Imcheche (mi-) spine, quill (of a porcupine).
imitation. Cf. ^changa. mcheza, mchezi; mchezaji (wa-) 1. player,
athlete. - gozi. football player. 2.: - wa mchimbuzi (wa-) see mchimbaji.
^mcheche (mi-) spark. (= ^cheche.)
michezo ya kuiga. actor. 3.: — ngoma.
rochango (mi-) intestinal worm, maw-worm.
a dancer, mcheza and mchezi are used gen- mchimvi (wa-)
= chango.) see mchimbi.
( mchegamo (mi-) mat placed under the head of
erally and without special connotation;
a corpse. Cf. egama.
mchezaji, however, implies always that the mchinja (wa-) see
z mchango (mi-) mchinjaji.
1. payment, deposit; contribu-
person is especially skilled or a profes-
tion. 2. collection (of money); (fin.) fund. mchekecho (mi-) sifting. Cf. chekecha.
sional. Cf. cheza. mchinjadamu (mi-) (kind of) banana.
— wa Kitaifa. National Provident Fund. 3.
mil.: — wa askari. recruitment of soldiers. mchekele (mi-) wild olive tree. Cf. mzeituni. mchezaji (wa-) see mcheza. mchinjaji, mchinja (wa-) 1. slaughterer,
Cf. changa.
butcher. 2. executioner, hangman. 3.
mchekeshaji (wa-) see mchekeshi.
mchezi (wa-) see mcheza. murderer. Cf. chinja.
mchanjo (mi-) 1. cutting, lopping (of branches).
2. cut, wound. 3. med. vaccination. Cf. mchekeshi, mchekeshaji (wa-) jolly/amusing

mchezo (mi-) 1. game. 2. sport. - wa mpira. mchinjiko (mi-) cord, rope (made of the fibers
chanja, chanjo. person, joker, wag, clown. Cf. cheka. football game. — wa ngumi. boxing match. of the baobab; used by nursing mothers to
3. dance. 4. entertainment, amusement, support the breasts).
mchanyato (mi-) mchanyato (a dish consisting mcheko (mi-) (manner of) laughing, laughter.
fun. anafanya haya kwa - tu. He does this
of bananas and manioc). Cf. chanyata. Cf. ^heka.
only for the fun of it. Cf. cheza. mchinjo (mi-), kichinjo (vi-) slaughter, murder,
massacre. Cf. chinja.
mchapa: — maji. (wa-) coll. drinker. Cf. mchele (mi-; us. collec. sing.) 1. (husked) rice.
mchi (michi) 1. pestle, pounding-pole. 2. (- wa
chapa. 2. (cleaned) grain (in gen.). — wa mtama.
mashine) piston. mchipukizi (wa-) handsome young woman.
millet grain.
Cf. chipua.
mchapaji*, mchapishaji (wa-) printer, publisher.
mchicha (mi-) edible plant, spinach (Amaranthus
Cf. chapa. mchelea, mcheleaji (wa-) nervous person. Cf.
spinosus). mchiririko (mi-) drainage water (from the eaves
2 cha.
of a house). Cf. chiririka.
mchapishaji (wa-) see mchapaji.
mchikichi (mi-) oil palm (Elaeis guineensis).
mcheleaji (wa-) see mchelea.
Cf. mawese. mchirizi, mkirizi (mi-) gutter, eaves, pipe,
mchapo (mi-) 1. blow, cut (with a whip).
drainage ditch. Cf. chiririka, chirizi.
2. whip. Cf. *chapa. mchelema (mi-) watery manioc. Cf. chelema.
mchikicho (mi-) seasoning, flavoring (for foods).
mchocha (mi-) mchocha (tree with edible
mchawi (wa-) magician, sorcerer, wizard. Cf. mchemko (mi-) see chemko. fruit). (= mchamvya.)
uchawi.
mchocheaji 306 mchorochoro
mchoroko
307 mdahalo
mchocheaji (wa-) (usually — moto) stoker, mchomaji (wa-) arsonist, incendiary. Cf.
mchoroko (mi-) plant resembling
fireman. Cf. chocha. choma. the pea mchunguti (mi-) see 2
msunguti.
(Phaseolus mungo).
mchocheo, mchocho (mi-) 1. (act of) poking, mchomo mchunguzi (wa-) 1. inquisitive/impudent per-
(mi-) 1. (act of) burning. 2. rare
mchoshi, mchovu (wa-) annoying/boring person.
stirring (a fire); push, shove, kick. o son. 2. spy, scout.
2. fig. cooking. choma. 3. observer, journalist.
Cf. Cf. ichoka.
stimulus, impulse, instigation. Cf. chocha. Cf. ^xhunga.
2 mchomo (mi-) 1, irritation. med. inflamma- mchoto

2. (mi-) small amount, pinch.
mchochezi (wa-) one who Cf. chota. mchungwa (mi-) orange tree.
stirs up, excites, Cf. chungwa.
tion; (sharp, sudden) pain. 3. stab (wound).
provokes; agitator. — wa vita, warmonger.
Cf. choma. mchovu (wa-) see mchoshi.
Cf. chocha. mchuni (wa-) see mchunaji.
mchongelezi (wa-) see mchongezi. mchovya (wa-) a person who dips his finger
mchocho (mi-) see mchocheo. mchuruzi (wa-) see mchuuzi.
into the food when eating. Cf. chovya.
mchongezi, mchongelezi (wa-) 1. betrayer,
mchochoni (mi-) mchochoni (variety of yam; mchuuzi, mchuruzi (wa-) retail merchant, shop-
talebearer, informer. 2. slanderer, scandal- mchovyo (mi-) hardening, tempering (metals); 2 chuuza.
poisonous, but eaten after the poison has keeper. Cf.
monger. Cf. chonga. plating, dhahabu ya -. gold-plating, gilding.
been removed).
Cf. chovya. mchuzi (mi-) soup, broth, gravy, sauce, curry,
mchongo (mi-), chongo (— ) (act of) cutting,
mchochoro (mi-) see kichochoro. kionja -. small beard below the lip,
cut, notch. Cf. chonga. mchu (michu) mchu (species of mangrove, imperial (lit.: 'gravy-taster').
(Avicennia marina).
mchochota (mi-) med. itching dry scab. Cf.
mchongoma (mi-) mchongoma (thorny shrub,
mchwa
chochota. (-) white ant, termite.
Flacourtia indica). mchukuzi (wa-) carrier, bearer, porter.
Cf.
chukua. mdaa
mchokocho (mi-) irritation, vexation, annoy- (mi-) mdaa (plant used for making a
mchoo (mi-) rainy season (July to late September).
black dye, Euclea multiflora). (= msirisha.)
ance. Cf. chokoa.
mchumba (wa-) 1. lover, sweetheart. 2. fiance(e),
mchopozi (wa-) 1. thief. 2. miser, skinflint. Cf. chumba, chumbisha, uchumba. mdaawa* 1. (wa-) jur. plaintiff, claimant.
Imchokochore (mi-) mchokochore (kind of tree),
Cf. chopa.
2. (mi-) = daawa, dai. Cf. daawa, dai.
mchumbururu (mi-) swordfish. (= chuchunge.)
Anchokochore (mi-): — dume a weed. mchorachora (wa-) 1, poor writer, scrawler.
Mdachi* [Cerm.l (wa-) rare a German.
2. (in gen.) one who does something badly, mchunaji, mchuni (wa-) flayer, knacker. 2
Cf. (= Mjeremani.) Cf. Dachi.
mchokoo (mi-) pointed stick. Cf. chokoa. botcher, bungler, Cf. chora. chuna.
mdadisi (wa-) inquisitive/impertinent person.

mchokozi (wa-) inquisitive/obtrusive/annoy- mchoraji (wa-) engraver. Cf. chora. Whunga dadisi.
(wa-) see mchungaji. Cf.
ing/troublesome person. Cf. chokoa.
mchoro (mi-) 1. scratching, inscribing. 2. en-

2 mchunga mdago (mi-) mdago (a weed, Adenium coeta-
(mi-) mchunga (a plant the leaves of
^mchoma: — moto (wa-) stoker, fireman (on a graving. 3. carving, sculpture. 4. tattooing. neum).
which are cooked as a vegetable).
locomotive). Cf. ^choma. Cf. chora.
mdahalo* (mi-) discussion, debate, exchange

mchungaji (wa-) {rare mchunga) 1. herdsman,
mchorochoro (mi-) 1. scrawling, scribbling, of views.
^mchoma (wa-) one who stabs. Cf. choma. shepherd. 2. fig. leader; (rel.) pastor,
Cf. dahili.
illegible handwriting. 2. arabesque. Cf.
priest. 2
1_L_._ Cf. chunga.
mdih 309
ndai rcdhana mduriani
308
bring bad luck/misfortune. 4. one who brings mdoriani* (mi-) see mduriani.
mdai* (wa-) 1. creditor. 2. jur. plaintiff, mdanganyifu (wa-) see mdanganyi.
others under suspicion, talebearer, informer.
claimant. Cf. dai.
mdoshi (mi-) treadle (of a loom).
mdanzi (mi-) (Seville) orange tree (Citrus
mdila* (mi-) coffeepot. (= dele.)
mdaiwa* (wa-) 1. debtor. 2. jur. defendant, bigaradia). Cf. danzi.
mdoya (wa-) see mdoezi.
accused. Cf. dai. mdimu*, mndimu [ind.J (mi-) lime tree (Citrus
mdarabi* [Pers.] (mi-) rose-apple tree
auranti folia). Cf. ndimu. mduara* 1. adj. round, circular. 2. (mi-)
mdakale*, mdakali (mi-) stem of an opium pipe. (Eugenia jambosa). Cf. darabi.
see duara.
Cf. digali. mdiria (-) ornith. kingfisher.
mdarahani*, mdalahani (mi-) mdarahani (soft
mdubira* (wa-) unlucky person, someone who
= ;lk faKf'V)-
mdakair (mi-) see mdaktue. mdirifu* (wa-) well-to-do person, someone who is always unsuccessful.
lives in easy circumstances.
mdeke* (mi-) see mdeki.
mdakizi, mdakuzi, mdukizi, mdaku 1. (wa-)
1.
ldudu* (wa-) insect (any small creeping or
eavesdropper, gossipmonger, talebearer, mdodoki* (mi-) bot. luffa (Luffa acutangula).
mdeki*, mdeke (mi-) mil. ramrod. flying creature). Cf. ûdu, kidudu; also
slanderer, informer. 2. (mi-) gossip, slander.
Cf. dodoki.
dude (?).
Cf. 'daka, dukiza.
mdele* (mi-) see mdila.
mdoea (wa-) see mdoezi.
mdako (mi-) mdako (children's game played with mdudu (mi-) mdudu (shrub with tuberous roots,
mdengu* (mi-) bot. lentil plant. Cf. dengu. rarely used for food; Thylachium africanum).
pebbles). Cf. daka. mdoezi, mdoea, mdoya (wa-) 1. scout, spy,
2. fig. parasite, sponger, wadoezi wa wabe-
see mdakizi. mdeni* (wa-), maduyuni (— ) debtor. Cf. deni. mdukizi (wa-) see mdakizi.
mdaku (wa-) pari. comm. bourgeois hangers-on. Cf. doea,
doya.
mdewere (mi-) bot. spinach. mdukuo (mi-) push, poke, blow, slap, box on the
mdakulizi (mi-) 1. slanderer, talebearer, in-
former. 2. someone who habitually contra- ear. Cf. dukiza, âka (?).
mdogo (wa-) junior (in age or rank). - wa
daka.
mdhabidhabina* (wa-), kidhabidhabina (vi-)
dicts or protests. Cf. waziri. deputy minister. Cf. dogo.
1. liar, deceiver, cheat, swindler. 2. gossip- mdumu (mi-) 1. pot, jug (usually metal). 2. tin
mdakizi.
monger. can/box. (= dumu.)
mdakuzi (wa-) see mdomo (rare mlomo) (mi-) 1. lip. 2. mouth, tia
nyama .mdomoni. put meat in one's mouth.

tndhaha*. msaha (-) mockery, joking, teasing. mdundo
mdala (mi-) dial, bolt of cloth. (mi-) 1. sound of a drum. 2. mdundo
3. beak (of a bird). 4. mouth of an animal
(kind of drum). Cf. dunda.
(snout, maw, etc.), proboscis (of an insect).
mdhalimu* (wa-) 1. oppressor, tyrant, despot.
mdalahani* (mi-) see mdarahani.
5. opening, hole; nozzle, spout; mouthpiece
2. unjust/cruel person. Cf. dhalimu. mdundugo (mi-) mdundugo (a charm or amulet
(of a wind instrument, etc.); barrel (of a gun).
mdalasini* (mi-) cinnamon tree (Cinnamomum supposed to make the wearer invulnerable).
bunduki ya midomo miwili. double-barrelled
mdhamana* (wa-) see mdhamini.
zeylanicum), cinnamon (bark). Cf. dalasini. gun. mouth of a
6. river, estuary. Cf. domo,
mdunzidunzi (wa-) , dunzi (ma-) 1. spy, detective.
kidomo.
mdhamini*, mdhamana (wa-) 1. guarantor, 2. prying person, busybody.
mdambi (— ) 1. savannah, grassland. 2. bot.
trustee, guardian, sponsor. 2. rare oppressor.
heather (Erica). mdongea (mi-) mdongea (kind of shawl or wrap).
Cf. dhamini. mduriani*, mdoriani [.Mai.'] breadfruit/durian
tree (Durio zibethinus).
mdanganyi, mdanganyifu (wa-) deceiver, cheat, mdono (mi-) bite, biting (offish at bait).
bad luck, misfortune, calamity. Cf.
mdhana* (-) 1.
swindler; traitor. Cf. danganya, danganyifu. dona.
2. bad omen. 3. thing or person supposed to
ndus 310 ;tuko *hib mlafanus
mdusi*, mdusia (wa-) parasite. Cf. dusa. neka 1. blaze/flame up, be red-hot, burn, glow. memsahib* (— ) see mamsahib. meskiti* (— ) see msikiti.
2. be red; (fig.) turn red, be embarrassed.
mea 1. sprout, germinate. 2. grow (of the hair 3. (mekameka) glitter, sparkle.
mena 1. scorn, disdain, despise. be rude/'
2.
messi* [>„„/
\_Engl. 1
J (— ) mess, board, dining-
or fingernails), appl. melea. grow on...; impertinent insolent/impudent. Cf. kimene. hali.
(intr.) be overgrown, caus. melesha. intr. nekanika* [.Engl. J (-, ma-) mechanic, work-
meleka. Cf. kijimea, kimea, kimelea, mimea, mende (— ) 1. zool. cockroach. 2. vulg. one
^meta 1. gleam, glitter, sparkle, shine, 2. fig.
mmea, mmelea. who practices sodomy.
do very well at something, be successful.
meko pi. of jiko.
appl. metea. intr. meteka. caus. metesha.
^mechi* [Engl. J (— ) match, game. — ya meneja* iEngl.j (— ) 1. manager, director,
Cf. kimeta, kimeti; also memeteka.
melea appl. of mea.
mpira. football game. administrator. — wa sinema. movie director.
2. sport trainer.
meleka intr. of mea, "meia* [Engl. J (— ) meter; cubic meter (of
^mechi* [Engl. } (— ) rare match (for lighting
mengi see ingi.
wood, building stone), —a — metric.
.
fires).
= kibiriti.)
(
meli* \_Engl. mail] (— ) 1. steamship (in gen.). kipimo cha — . metric system,
chumba cha — cabin, . ingia (pakia) — . go on

meno pi. of iino.
medali* [Engl. J (— ) medal.
board. 2. cargo. 3. imported goods (brought methalan* see mathalan.
by ship), mpunga wa — kind . of imported

mentaa* (— ) see mentari.
Ifnede* (— ) small bed/couch (also used as a rice. methali*, mithali, misali (— ) symbol, emblem;
seat for guests).
mentari*, mentaa (— ) tweezers
parable, proverb, tumia — katika mazu-
(for depilation).
melikora (— ) variety of rice. ngumzo. use proverbs in a conversation.
^mede* (— ) sport 1. goal, winning-post. Cf. mithili.

menya 1. pull off, peel, — muhogo
husk.
goal, point. melimeli*, melmeli [jnd. ] (-) melimeli (kind
2. rare (viazi). peel manioc (potatoes). — mpunga.
of thin fabric like muslin). Imeza* [Port.j (-) 1. table, loc. mezani.
husk rice. 2. beat, pound, pulverize.
mega break off, divide up. — kwa meno. bite dining room. adv. at table. 2. counter,
megeka. caus. me- mema pi. goodness, good actions, prov,: — na

off. appl. megea. intr. menzili* (— ) see manzili. (ticket) office/window (bank, railroad sta-
maovu ndio ulimwengu. There are both good
gesha. Cf. mego, mmego. tion). — ya kuandikia. (writing-)desk.
and evil in the world. Cf. eraa.
kitambaa cha — tablecloth. 3,: — ya Bwana.
merekani*, amerikani, (— ), mrekani (mi-) [Engl.j .
mego (ma-) piece; bite, morsel; slice (of bread). rough, unbleached cotton cloth, sheeting. rel. altar rail.
memba* [.Engl. J (— ) member.
Cf. mega.
meremeta see memeteka. -meza swallow (up), devour, intr. mezeka.

membe (— ) ornith. (species of) curlew (Numenius
meguka {us. red. megukameguka) be confused, caus. mezesha. pass, mezwa.
disjointed, incompletely expressed, unintel- phaeopus).
merikebu* (— ) ship, steamship (always a vessel
ligible, kifungu hiki cha maneno ya sheria of European origin; chombo
= native vessel;
mfaa (mi-) mfaa (center piece of a door).
memeteka, memetuka, meremeta 1. shine, sparkle,
kilitafsiriwa na fundi mmoja lakini maana meli = steamship only), loc. merikebuni.
glitter, twinkle; give off sparks, 2. rare rage,
kamili ya kisheria haipo timamu bali imeme- aboard. Cf. rakibu. mfadhili* (wa-) benefactor, donor, contributor
be furious. Cf. umeme, memetuko.
gukameguka. This section of law has been (to a collection of money). Cf. fadhili.
translated by an expert, but its true meaning mesenja* [Engl. J (— ) messenger.
memetuka see memeteka.
is confused. mfafanusi (wa-) draftsman, illustrator. Cf.
meski* (— ) see miski. fafanua.
memetuko (-) shining, glittering, sparkling,
Mei* LEngl.l (month of) May.
twinkling. Cf. memeteka.
mtagiaji 312 nfiko ifili.' mfugaji
313
mfagiaji (wa-) 1. street sweeper. 2. charwoman. from his home and relatives; refugee, dis- mfilisi* (wa-) 1, wasteful/extravagant person, nforsadi* (mi-) mulberry tree (Moras alba).
Cf. fagia. located person. Cf. fariki. spendthrift. 2. one who causes financial Cf. f'orosadi.
distress for another person, by legal or
mfagio (mi-) hot. mfagio (plant similar to the mfarishi* (mi-) mfarishi (kind of quilt or quilted illegal means: distrainer, swindler, embez- ifu (wa-) dead body, corpse. (= maiti.) Cf.
mallow; used for making brooms: Sida carpini- mattress). zler, etc. Cf. filisi.
folia). Cf. fagia.

mfaruku* (wa-) a bereaved person. Cf. fariki. mfilisika (wa-) ruined/impoverished/bankrupt mfua 1. (mi-) {also mfuo) beating, striking,
mfalme (wa-) ruler, king. Cf. kifalme, ufalme. person. Cf. filisi. hammering. — wa mawimbi. surf, breakers.
mfasa (mi-) hot. mfasa (variety of grass with 2. (wa-) smith, metal-worker. — dhahabu
mfano (mi-) 1. sample, model, pattern; (liter.) blue blossoms, Veronica obconica). mfinyanzi (wa-) potter, prov.: — hulia gae. The (fedha). goldsmith (silversmith). 3.: — nguo.
parable, kama — . similar, analogous. 2. potter commonly eats off potsherds. Cf. fi- washerwoman. Cf. M'ua.
example, kwa — . for example. 3. liter. mfasiri* (wa-) 1. interpreter, commentator. nyanga.
style (of writing). Cf. faa, fana, fanana. 2. translator. Cf. fasiri. mluasi, mfuataji (wa-) 1. follower, adherent,
mfinyo (mi-) pinch(ing) (with the fingers). Cf. partisan, disciple. 2. pursuer, persecutor.
mfanya, mfanyi (wa-) 1. someone who performs mfeleji* (mi-) see mfereji. finya. fuata.
Cf.
an action or engages in an activity. — kazi.
worker. — kazi ya reli. railroad worker. — mfenesi* (mi-) jack-fruit tree (Artocarpus mfiraji* (wa-) sodomite, pederast. Cf. fira. mfuataji (wa-) see mfuasi.
biashara. businessman, merchant, trader. Integra). Cf. fenesi.
— mambo ya magendo. black-marketeer, — mfisadi* (wa-) see fisadi. mfuatano (mi-) 1. sequence, series. 2. retinue.
hi an a. pol. renegade. 2. executor. 3. orga- mfereji*, mfeleji (mi-) 1. ditch, sewer, trench,
Cf. fuata.
nizer. Cf. faa. channel, mifereji ya kutilia maji. irrigation mfisha, mfishaji (wa-) 1. murderer. 2, fighter
channels. 2. canal. — wa Panama. Panama (in a war). Cf. fa. mfufu, mfuu (mi-) mfufu (tree with small edible
mfanyaji (wa-): — kazi. worker. — kazi uchu- Canal. 3. water-pipe, water-tap.
berries). Cf. fuu.
kuzi wa magari. chauffeur. — kazi wa relwe. mfishaji (wa-) see mfisha.

railroad worker. — kazi wa shamba. agri- mfichachani (mi-) mfichachani (kind of banana). mfufuaji, mfufuzi (wa-) one who brings back
cultural worker. Cf. faa. mfitini* (wa-) troublemaker, agitator. Cf. from the dead/revives/resuscitates. Cf.
mfichaji, mfichifichi (wa-) 1. secretive/reserved litini. fufua.
see mfanya. person. 2. sly/crafty person. Cf. ficha.

mfanyi (wa-)
mfiwa (wa-) orphan, bereaved person. Cf. fa, mfufumaji (mi-) mfufumaji (kind of tree).
mfanyizaji (wa-): — kazi. worker. Cf. faa. mfichifichi (wa-) see mfichaji.
mfiwi (mi-) hot. lima-bean plant (Phaseolus mfufuzi (wa-) see mfufuaji.
Faransa, mfidhuli* (wa-) 1. insolent/arrogant person.

Mfaransa* (wa-) Frenchman. Cf. lunatus). Cf. fiwi.
Kifaransa, Ufaransa. 2. boor, ruffian. Cf. fidhuli. mfuga, mfugaji (wa-) 1. one who breeds and
mfo, mvo (mi-) 1. watercourse, stream, torrent. raises animals or poultry, cattle-breeder,
mfigili*, mfigiri (mi-) mfigili (species of radish channel/bed of — mkavu.
mfariji* (wa-) comforter, consoler. Cf. fariji. 2. a torrent. dry poultry-raiser, etc. 2. one who tames, breaks
plant, Raphanus sativus). Cf. figili.
torrent bed. in, or trains animals. fuga.
Cf.
mfarika* (wa-) young animal (lamb, calf).
mfiko (mi-) 1. extent, limit (i.e., the distance mfoko (mi-) sudden rush (of water, etc.), tor- mfugaji (wa-) see mfuga.
mfariki*, mfaraka (wa-) lonely /solitary/ that something will extend or can reach); rent. Cf. foka.
abandoned person, one who separates himself hence 2.: — wa risasi. mil. range (of a bullet,
etc.). Cf. fika.

. .
314 mfune mfunga 315 mgahawa
mfugo 1. (mi-) breeding/raising/taming/train- mfumba, mtumbaji (wa-) 1. magician. 2. some- mfunga (wa-) — mfurahivu (wa-) happy/jovial person.
1.: hesabu. one who checks Cf.
ing of animals. 2. domesticated animah 3.: one who conceals/makes a secret of his
figures/audits accounts. 2. one who fasts. furaha, furahi, furahivu.
mifugo. flocks, herds, livestock. Cf. fuga.
activities. Cf. Tumba.
Cf. funga.
mfure (mi-) wooden plate.
mfujaji (wa-) 1. extravagant person, spend- mfumbaji (wa-) see mfumba. mfungizo (mi-) 1. obstacle, impediment. 2.
thrift. 2. lazy person, idler, good-for-nothing. fastening up. 3. siege, blockade. Cf. funga. mfuria* (— ) mfuria (kind of loose sleeveless
3. bungler, one who does his work badly. Cf. mfumbati (mi-) mfumbati (side-piece of a bed- coat).
fuja. stead). mfungo (mi-) 1. (act of) fastening/tying/
closing. 2. conclusion. 3. tie, bond. 4. rel. mfurungu* (mi-) mfurungu (citron, shaddock,
mfuko (mi-) bag, purse; pocket. — wa barua. mfumbi (mi-) drainage ditch (for rain water). fasting. Cf. funga. Citrus rnedica). Cf. furungu.
mailbag. — wa mto. pillowcase. — wa
kubebea. carrying-case. Cf. fuko, kifuko. ifumbua, mfumbuaji (wa-) 1. one who explains/ mfuagua (wa-) one who opens/unfastens. mfuto (mi-) 1. (act of) wiping, cleaning. 2.
Cf.
clears up obscurities, 2. fig. translator. erasing, obliteration. 3. removal, abolition.
funga.
mfukuaji, mfukuzi (wa-) one who digs, miner. Cf. fumba. 4. a common/plain/inferior article of any
Cf. fukia. mfunguo (mi-) 1. loosening, unfastening. 2. re-

kind, mlango wa — a plain door (without
.
ifumbuaji (wa-) see miumbua. lease, liberation, rescue. 3. rel. end of carving or ornamentation), mkeka wa — . a
mfukuto (mi-) steam, smoke, vapor. Cf. fuka. fasting.

1.
funga plain/cheap mat. Cf. futa.
Cf.
ifumi (wa-) 1. = mfuma, 2.: kitanda cha —
^mfukuzi (wa-) see mfukuaji. (weaver's) loom. Cf. fuma. mfuu (mi-) see mfufu.
mfungwa (wa-) captive, prisoner. Cf. funga.
mfyatuko (mi-) see fyatuko.

''mfukuzi (wa-) one who banishes, persecutor. ^mfumo (mi-) 1. (act of) .plaiting, weaving. mfuniko (mi-) 1. cover, lid. 2. case. 3. pro-
Cf. fukuza. 2. fabric, cloth. Cf. fuma. tection, shelter. Cf. funika.
mfyeka (wa-) one who cuts down trees or clears
land. Cf. fyeka.
mfulilizo (mi-) see mfululizo. ^mfumo (wa-) see fumo. mfunzaji (wa-) see fundi.
mfyonza (mi-) sucking. — {or kifyonza) vumbi.

mfulizo (mi-) 1. regular progression, sequence, mfumua, mfumuaji (wa-) ]. spy, informer. mfunzi (wa-) see fundi.
vacuum cleaner. Cf. fyonza.
succession, continuity. — wa masomo. a
2. slanderer. Cf. Huma.
sequence/course of lessons. 2. series. Cf. *mfuo (mi-) 1. - mfua 1. 2. bellows.
mlyozaji, mfyozi (wa-) rude/insolent person.
fuliza, fua. mfumuaji (wa-) see mfumua.
Cf. fyoa.
^mfuo (mi-) 1. line, stripe, karatasi ya —
mfululizo, mfulilizo (mi-) 1. - mfulizo. 2.: — mfundishaji (wa-) 1. - fundi. 2. rare trainer.
lined/ruled paper. 2. fuirow, groove, inden- mfyozi (wa-) see mfyozaji.
wa milima. a range of mountains, kwa — one
.
Cf.
2
funda.
tation, depression. 3. rare (kind of) drill,
after the other. Cf. fuliza, fua.
augur. Cf. fua. mfyuso (mi-) (kind of) net, trap. Cf. fyata,
mf'undo (mi-) 1. thickening, knot. 2. package,
fyusa.
mfuma, mfumi, mfumaji (wa-) weaver. Cf. bundle. 3. fig. difficulty; grudge, malice,
mfupa (mi-) bone. — wa bega. anat. collar-
fuma. ill-humor. 4. fig. fad. Cf. funda, fundika.
bone, clavicle, pi. mifupa. skeleton. Cf. mgaagaa (wa-) restless/lazy person, vagrant.
» In pa. Cf. gaagaa.
mfune, mgude (mi-) mfune (tree with whitish
mfumaji (wa-) see mfuma.
bark, Sterculia appendiculata). ifuradi* (mi-) verse, poem. mgaiiawa* (mi-) see mkaliawa.
ngaidi 316 mghafala mghalaba 317 mgunga
mga idi* (ma-) see ^ggjdj, mgawanya, mgawanyi (wa-) one who divides or mghalaba* (mi-) rivalry, competition. Cf. ghi- mgomvi, mgombi, mgomba-(wa-) quarrelsome
distributes. Cf. gawa. libu, ghiliba. person. Cf. ''gomba, Mgomvi.
mgambo (mi-) public proclamation, official
announcement. amba. mgawanyi (wa-) see mgawanya. mghani* (wa-) (professional) singer. Cf. mgongo (mi-) 1. back. 2. backbone, spine,
Cf.
ghani. lala mgongoni. lie on one's back. 3. hump
Imganda (mi-) mganda (kind of drum).

mgawanyiko (mi-) division, schism; (comm.) (on the back). — wa ngamia. camel's hump.
splittism. Cf. gawa. mgiligilani* (mi-) hot. coriander plant (Cori- 4. ridge, crest (hill, mountain). Cf. Mgongo,
andrum sativum). jongo, kijongo.
2mganda (mi-) bundle, bunch, sheaf (of grain).
mgawanyo (mi-) division, distribution. Cf.
Cf. panda.
gawa. Mgiriki* [Engl. 1 (wa-) a Greek. Cf. Kigiriki,
mgoni (wa-) adulterer. Cf. gona.
Ugiriki.
mgandisho (mi-) see mgando.
mgawiaji (wa-) see mgawaji. mgonjwa (wa-) sick person, patient. Cf.
mgodi (mi-) (usually loc. pi. migodini) mine. gonjwa.

mgando, mgandisho (mi-) 1. coagulation (of
mgawo (mi-) see mgao.
milk, blood). 2. hardening, thickening. Cf.
mgogoro (mi-) 1. obstacle, impediment. 2. dif- mgono (mi-) mgono (fish-trap).
ganda.
mgema, mgemi (wa-) mgema (maker of palm ficulty, trouble, nuisance. 3. misunderstand-
wine), prov.: — akisifiwa tembo hulitia ing, problem. mgoto (mi-) (act or sound of) knocking, tapping,
'mganga, mganguzi (wa-) 1. arch, witch doctor. the maker of palm wine is praised drumming; clap, bang. gota.
maji. If Cf.
2, rec. doctor, physician. Cf. ganga. for his wine, he adds water to it. Cf. mgomaji (wa-) one who goes on a strike,
gema. striker. Cf. goma. mgude (mi-) see mfune.
^mganga (mi-) mganga (a kind of shrub yielding
a milky latex used as a fish-poison). mgemi (wa-) see mgema. mgulabi* LPers. J (mi-) mgulabi (litchi tree,
*mgomba (mi-) banana/plantain palm (Musa
Nephelium lappasceum). Cf. gulabi.
sapientum). Cf. *gomba, ugomba; also
mgango (mi-) 1. binding up, splicing, mending. mgemo (mi-) 1. preparation of palm wine. 2.
ndizi.
2. cure, treatment. 3. healing, scarring over tapping of palms (to obtain the sap for pre- mgumba (wa-) 1. sterile person (man or woman).
(of wounds). Cf. ganga. paring wine). Cf. gema. 2. solitary /lonely person. 3. something which
Angomba (wa-) see mgomvi.
does not serve its proper purpose (because of
mganguzi (wa-) rare see mganga. mgeni (wa-) 1. stranger, foreigner. 2. guest, its nature, inadequate treatment, etc.):
mgombea, mgombeaji (wa-) candidate, appli-
visitor. Cf. geni. (green) wood that gives off smoke rather than
cant, competitor. — uchaguzi. candidate in
mgao, mgawo (mi-) 1. division, distribution. heat; beans or maize that have not been com-
an election. Cf. Ugomba.
2. part, share. — wa faida. dividend. Cf. mgeuzo, geuzo (ma-) (usually mageuzo) change, pletely cooked and are not fit to eat. Cf.
gawa. alteration, transformation; innovation, reform. gumba.

mgombeaji (wa-) see mgombea.
— wa kidemokrasi. democratic reform. Cf.
mgaragazo (mi-) confusion, disorder. Cf. gaa- geua. mgumio (mi-) see gumio.
mgombezi (wa-) 1. faultfinder, carper. 2.
grumbler, surly person. Cf. Ugomba.

mghafala* 1. (wa-) fool, simpleton. 2. (mi-) mgunda (mi-) rare plantation. (- shamba.)
mgawaji, mgawiaji (wa-): — dawa. pharmacist, simplicity, artlessness; thoughtlessness,

mgombi (wa-) see mgomvi.
druggist. Cf. gawa. absent-mindedness, carelessness, negligence. mgunga (wa-) a person who must abstain from
Cf. ghafula. something (e.g., observe a diet). Cf. gunga.
mgomo (mi-) 1. diversion, feint. 2. sabotage,
strike. — baridi. slow-down strike. Cf. *goma.
1
IVihaya 319 iiba

318
Mhaya (Wa-) Haya (member of a tribe in Tan- mhubiri* (wa-) 1. rel. preacher. 2. (political)
mhaini* (wa-) see haini 2.
^mgunga (mi-) hot. (species of) acacia. ganyika). speaker. Cf. habari, iiubiri.
mhajiri* (wa-) emigrant. Cf. hajiri.

mgunguti (mi-) hot. (species of) acacia,
mhenga (wa-) 1. an older person who instructs mhuni* (wa-) 1. hooligan, vandal. 2. vagabond,
mimosa. boys and girls in the initiation rites. 2. an tramp. 3. traitor. 4. outlaw, outcast, pariah.
mhali* (— ) see muhali.
elder who is a member of a native council. Cf. huni.
mguno (mi-), guno (ma-) growling, grumbling, 3. (in gen.) one who can be relied on to give
mhamaji (wa-) see mhamiaji.
complaining, dissatisfaction. Cf. guna. good advice. mhunzi, muhunzi (wa-) craftsman who works in
metal or stone. — wa chuma. blacksmith.

mhamiaji, mhamaji (wa-) immigrant, refugee.
mguruguru (mi-) see 2g UrU g Uru ,
mheshimiwa* (wa-) excellency (term of — wa mawe.
Lille stonecutter. Cf. uhunzi.
Cf. hama.
u.uu/CO.> ,L>, HL^H uffl,Lt,uU UII.U f,
I U ,111 K / li fJCI-
mguruka (mi-) hot. (species of) mimosa. sons, but still used for anyone deserving
nomad.
mhuri* (mi-, — ) see muhuri.
mhamishi (wa-) 1. homeless person. 2.
respect). Cf. lieshimu.
3. rel., rare pilgrim. Cf. hama.
mguruti (mi-) hot. (species of) mimosa,
mia* hundred.
mhimili* 1. (wa-) patient/forbearing/long-suffer-
mhanga (wa-) 1. animal killed as an offering.
mguruto (mi-) (act of) pressing. Cf. guruta. ing person. 2. (mi-) support: post, prop, miaa pi. of mwaa,
2. fig. sacrifice.
beam, girder. — wa dunia. axis of the earth.
mguso (mi-) 1. (an act of) touching/contacting; hamali.
Cf. miadi*, mihadi (— ) promise (to do something
mhanuni* (wa-) see mhina.
touch, contact. 2. sense of touch. Cf. gusa.
at a set time). Cf. ahadi.
mhina*, mhanuni (mi-) henna plant (Lawsonia
mharabu* (wa-) see harabu.
mgutusho (mi-) 1. fright, astonishment, shock.
inermis). Cf. hina. mialamu* (— ), mwalamu (mi-) 1. edge, border.
2. fig. (electric) shock. Cf. Igutua.
2. seam, hem 3. stripe (of color, in cloth).
mharage* (mi-) see mharagwe.
Mhindi*, Muhindi (wa-) Indian. — mwekundu. Cf. alama.
mguu (mi-) leg, foot, enda kwa miguu. go on Red Indian, American Indian. Cf. Hindi,
mharagwe*, mharage, mharaji iPers.J (mi-)
foot, shika miguu. show respect, greet some- Kihindi, Uhindi.
miayo pi. yawn(ing). piga (enda) — . to yawn.
mharagwe (variety of bean plant, Phaseolus
one respectfully; be in a subordinate posi-
communis). Cf. haragwe.
tion, loc. miguuni. foot end of a bedstead. mhirabu* (mi-) mihrab (apse in a mosque, miehezo pi. games, sport, coll. kufanya — . go
guu, kiguu, mjiguu. showing the direction toward Mecca). —
Cf. in for sports. ya Olimpiki. Olympic Games.
mharaji* (mi-) see mharagwe.
Cf. cheza.
mgwaru* [/red.] (mi-) mgwaru (bean plant, mhisani* (wa-) benefactor. Cf. hisani.
mharibifu* (wa-) see harabu.
Cyamopsis psoraloides). Cf. gwaru. mifugo flocks, herds, livestock.
pi. Cf. fuga,
Mhispania* [_Lat. ?j (wa-) Spaniard.
mfugo.
mharita*, mwarita \_lnd.~] (mi-) soapberry tree
mgwisho (mi-) 1. tuft of horse hair. 2. fly
(Sapindus saponaria). Cf. harita.
switch. mhitaji* (wa-) 1. petitioner. 2. applicant,
mifupa pi. skeleton, Cf. mfupa.
candidate. 3. poor/needy person. Cf.
mharuma* (mi-) mharuma (colored woolen shawl,
Mhabeshi* (wa-), Habeshi (ma-) Abyssinian, hitaji.
miguuni see mguu.
worn as a turban).
Ethiopian. Cf. Uhabeshi.
mhogo* (mi-) see muhogo.
mihadi* (— ) see miadi.
nhasi* (wa-) 1. -castrated person or animal,
Mhadimu* (wa-) one of the original inhabitants
gelding, eunuch (= towashi, maksai). 2. one
mhoro (mi-) mhoro (pointed stake in a pit for
of Zanzibar. Cf. hadimu. miiba pi. of mwiba.
who castrates. Cf. hasi. trapping game).
tikahc 320 minya
minyara 321
mikaha* (— ) see nikaha. mimi abs. pron. 1st pers. sing. I, me. — minyara (— ) minyara (kind of tree, Euphorbia misitumisitu red. pi. of msitu.
mwenyewe (nafsi yangu). I myself, wangu
tirucalli).
mikasi* pi. see mkasi. — my. own.
miski*, meski (— ) musk, panya — . muskrat.
minzani* (— ) see mizani.
mila* (— ) usage, custom; tradition; religious mimina pour out, spill; pour in, fill. appl.
Misri* Egypt. Cf. Mmisri.
prescription, —a — . customary, traditional, miminia. caus. miminisha. intr. miminika. mio 1. pi. of umio. 2. (ma-) (augment, of
fig. be present in great number, walu umio) anat. larynx, throat, gullet (e.g., of missa* (— ) see misa.
milele* 1. pi. endlessness, infinity; (rel.) walimiminika katika mkutano. There were an animal).
eternity, maisha ya — . life everlasting. crowds of people at the assembly. Cf.
mita* {.Engl.l (— ) meter.
2.: —a — . adj. eternal, constant. 3. adv. miminiko. miongoni loc. of *mwongo.
always, constantly. — na — forever. miteen*, minteen, miteni arch, two hundred.
yadumu — ...! Long live ...! Cf. umilele. miminiko (ma-) 1. pouring out, overflowing.
^mirabaraba*: —a — . adj. checked, checkered.
2. fig. (super)abundance, profusion. 3.
Cf. *mraba. miteni* see miteen.
milia 1. pi. of 2 m lj a . 2. adj. striped, punda mold, casting. Cf. mimina.
— . zebra.
mithali* (— ) see methali.
min* prep., rare from, of. ^mirabaraba* pi. cellulose, synthetic fiber.
Cf. minajili,
minghairi (sub baghairi), mintarafu. Cf. mraba.

Imiliki*, tamalaki, tamaleki 1. lead, conduct. mithili*, misili 1. (— ) similarity, resemblance.
2. rule, govern, appl. milikia. intr. miliki-
2. adv. similarly, like, amekuja kimya
mirathi* (— ) 1. inheritance, legacy, bequest.
caus. milikisha. (— ) see milki. minajili* 1. prep, without; except, apart from,
ka. 3. kimya — ya mwizi. He came stealthily like
because of, as a result of. 2. conj. because, 2. leg. division of a legacy, masala ya —
Cf. malki, mamlaka. a thief. Cf. madhali, mathalan, methali,
rare law of inheritance. Cf. rithi.
since; so that, in order that, in order to.
mithilisha.
kwa (ajili ya) minajili ya. for the sake of.
2miliki* (— ) see milki.
mirengu pi. see mrengu.
Cf. min, ajili.
mithilisha* compare. Cf. mithili.
milioni* \_Engl. J (— ) million. misa*, missa

mindi (species of antelope, LLat. J (— ) rel. mass, adhi-
mindi (— ) zool.
miti (pi. of *mti) framework (of a house, etc.)
Abbott's duiker; cf. funo).
misho la — takatifu. celebration of the mass.
milki*, miliki (— ) 1. rule, dominion, power.
— ya kimya. low mass. — kubwa ya kiasko-
2. empire, kingdom. 3. property, prosperity. mitu (— ) ornith. Indian cockatoo.
minenguo minenguo (kind of dance). fu. pontifical high mass, — kubwa ya sherehe.
pi.
4. econ., rec. asset(s). Cf. miliki, malki.
solemn high mass. — ya wafu. requiem mass.
miuja* (— ) danger; misfortune, accident. Cf.
minghairi* see baghairi.
mimba (— ) 1. fruit, germ, fanya — . germinate, mauja.
misali* (— ) see methali.
sprout. 2. embryo. 3. conception, pregnancy,
minika fold, turn up (the edge of cloth), hem.
tia — . fertilize, impregnate, chukua (wa na, miungano pi. combination. — ya namba mba-
misheni* \_Engl, J (— ) 1. rel. mission, skuli
shika) — . be pregnant, haribu — . procure limbali. combination of numbers, Cf. ûnga.
mintarafu* prep, concerning, with regard to, ya — . missionary school. 2. (official) mis-
abortion.
sion, detached service.
as a result of. Cf. min, tarafa.
miunzi pi. (sing, mwunzi rare) whistle, piga
mimbari* (— ) Tel. pulpit. — . to whistle.

minteen* see miteen. misili* (— ) see milhili.
mimea pi. vegetation. Cf. mea, mmea. mivua pi. bellows, Cf. vukuta, mvua.
minya press, squeeze, crush. Cf. finya. misioni* [.Engl. J (— ) mission, parish.
322 mji 323
Mjerumani
miwa pi. see muwa. mjanja (wa-) deceiver, swindler. Cf. janja, ^mji (mi-) 1. settlement. 2. village; town, city, mjomba (wa-) 1, (maternal) uncle. 2. uncle (in
— mkuu, capital (city). Cf. kijiji. gen.). 3. nephew, niece (child of one's
miwani* (— ) (eye) glasses, spectacles. — ya Mjapani*, Mjampani [.Engl.] (— ) a Japanese. sister), 4. polite term of address (for people
jua. sunglasses. Cf. Kijapani. of the older generation). 5= native of the
2mji (mi-) anat. 1. placenta, afterbirth, 2. (—
wa = tumbo Swahili-speaking area around Mombasa. Cf.
uzazi) rare womb ( Lift uzazij).
miyaa pi. see mwaa. mjari*, mjarari (mi-) see ujari. Kijomba, Ujomba.
mjiari*, mi- see ujari.

miye see mimi. mjaribati* adj. see jarabati. mjombakaka (— ) mjombakaka (kind of large
lizard),
mjibu* (wa-) pleasant/affable person. Cf.
mizani*, minzani (— ) 1= balance, scales, fig. mjaribu* (wa-) person who tries out/tests
wajibti.
something. — wa ndege, av. test pilot. Cf. mjomba (mi-) mjombo (kind of sea-fish).
balance (of a clock, watch). 3, astr. (the jaribu.

mjiguu 1. (mi-) augment, of mguu. 2. (wa-) a
constellation) Libra. Cf. uzani. mjoo (mi-) see mjoja.
person with very large feet.
mjasiri* (wa-) brave/daring/foolhardy person.
mizigo pi. baggage. Cf. mzigo. Cf. jasiri. mjuba* (wa-) 1. courageous person. 2. impa-
mjiko (mi-) 1. anat. rectum, 2. med. hemor-
tient/boisterous person, 3.: moto huyu ni
rhoids. Cf. Ijika.
mja (wa-) rare 1. newcomer, stranger. 2. mjasusi*, mjasusu, jasusi (wa-) 1. spy, — sana; This child is very ill-mannered/
foreigner. 3. hist., liter, slave. Cf. ]a. traitor, 2. detective, plainclothesman. naughty. Cf. ujuba.
mjima (wa-) helpful person. Cf. ujima.
3. inquisitive person. Cf. jasisi.
mjadala* 1. (wa-) opponent. 2. (mi-) pol. o mjukuu (wa-) 1. grandchild. 2. (in gen.) rela-
mjimbi (vi-) see jimbi.
opposition. mjasusu* (wa-) see mjasusi.
tive (on the paternal side) of the second
generation, e.g., grandnephew, Cf. kijukuu.
mjinga (wa-) stupid person, fool. Cf. jinga.
mjafari* (mi-) mjafari (kind of tree, Erythrina mjeledi* (mi-) strap, whip, piga/tia — . to
tomentosa). mjumbe (wa-) 1. messenger, envoy. 2. pol.,

whip. Cf. ijalidi.
mjio (mi-) coming, arrival. Cf. ja.
rec. deputy, delegate, representative. — wa
female slave. see serikali. representative of the government,
mjakazi (wa-) liter, Cf. ja, mjenga, mjengaji (wa-) mjenzi.
mjisifu* (wa-) braggart, conceited person. Cf
mja 3. chief of state. Cf. ujumbe; also jumbe,
sifu, majisifu.
mjengo (mi-) I. (act of) building. 2„ style/ kijumbe.
mjali (mi-) see ujali. method of building. 3. structure, building.

mjolio* (mi-) mjoho (velvet apple tree).
Cf. jenga.
mjume* (wa-) 1. engraver, carver. 2. gunsmith.
Mjampani (wa-) see Mjapani. Cf, mjumu, ujume.

mjohoro (mi-) mjohoro (ironwood tree, Cassia
mjenzi, mjengaji, mjenga (wa-) builder, archi-
siamea).
mjane (wa-) 1. solitary /lonely person. 2. un- tect. Cf. jenga.
mjumu* (mi-), njumu (— ) rare inlay work, in-
married person: bachelor, spinster. 3. widow, crustation. Cf. mjume.

mjoja, mjoo (mi-) 1. mjoja (kind of tree the
widower. Cf. ujane. Mjeremani*, Mjerumani YEngl. J (wa-) a German.
wood of which is used for building boats),
J
Cf. Kijeremani, Ujercmani, -mjusi (mi-) 1. lizard. 2. mjusi (lizard-shaped
2. a small boat similar to a canoe (made of
mjango (mi-) a fruitless/unsuccessful visit. ornament on a kanzu).
the wood of this tree).
Cf. janga. Mjerumani* (wa-) see Mjeremani.
mjoli* Und. ] (wa-) arch, comrade, fellow- ^mjusi (mi-) nosebleed.
slave. Cf. ujoli.

mjusi 324 mkalimani
mkalimu 325 mkaragazo
'mjusi (wa-) magician, astrologer. (= mjuzi mkahaba* (wa-) see

?) kahaba. mkalimu* (wa-) rare teacher, educator. Cf. imkando (mi-) (act of) kneading,
kalima.
massaging;
massage. Cf.
3 kanda.
mjuvi (wa-) presumptuous /impudent person. mkahale* (mi-) pencil for applying kohl to the
Cf. ^jua, juvi. eyes. Cf. kohl. mkalio (mi-) 1. gift gi ven by the bridgegroom
2 mkando
to the bride's attendants.
(mi-) bar (of gold, silver).
2. gift given by a
ljuzi (wa-) connoisseur, expert. Cf. 2 jua, mkahawa*, mgahawa (mi-) cafe', restaurant, young man to a girl's maternal uncle, who
ujuzi. Cf. kahawa. mkangaja (mi-) (species of) orange tree.
then presents it to the girl's father as_ evi- Cf.
dence of a proposal of marriage. kangaja.

Cf. ^kaa.
Imkaa, mkaaji, mkazi (wa-) mkaidi* (wa-) stubborn/argumentative person.
1. inhabitant, res
Cf. kaidi. mkamachuma mkangazi
dent. 2. fig. stay-at-home. Cf. *kaa. (mi-) mkamachuma (kind of tree), (mi-) mahogany tree (Khaya nyasica/
fziiKguLensis).
2 mkaa (mi-)
mkaja (mi-) 1. bandage worn by women after mkamasi
mkaa (kind of tree the bark of (mi-) mkamasi (a fruit tree, Cordia
childbirth. 2. gift given by the family of the
which is used as a medicine), latifolia). mkanju* [_lnd.~] (mi-) mkanju (cashew
apple
bridegroom to the mother of the bride. tree, Anacardium occidentale). (= mbibo,
mkaaji (wa-) see ^mkaa. mkamba mkorosho.) Cf. kanju.
(-) med. tracheal catarrh.
mkaka (mi-) mkaka (variety of rubber tree,
Acacia Verek).
mkabala* adv. 1. on the contrary. — wa ... 2 mkamba (mi-) 2 imkano (mi-), ukano (-) anat. sinew, tendon.
see kamba.
facing, opposite, contrasting. 2. face to
mkakamavu (wa-) sly /shifty person. Cf. kaka-
face. Cf. kabili. mkambaa 2 mkano (mi-) see
mavu.
(mi-) see mkambala. mkanyo.
mkabidhi* (wa-) 1. trustee, administrator, mkambala, mkambaa mkanya

(mi-) mkambala (species (wa-) one who^rebukes/finds fault with
J-mkakasi (mi-) (round) metal box with a lid
guardian. 2. frugal person, miser. Cf. ka- of acacia). other people. Cf. ^kana.
(for perfumes, cosmetics, etc.).
bidhi.
mkamshe* (mi-) see mkamshi. mkanyo, mkano (mi-), kanyo (ma-) 1. prohibi-
mkadamu* (wa-) see kadamu. Ankakasi (mi-) see mkasasi. tion, refusal, repudiation. 2. rebuke, re-
mkamshi*, mkamshe [ind.'j (mi-) wooden proach, reprimand. Cf. *kana.
nkadi* (mi-) mkadi (kind of tree, screw pine, mkakaya* (mi-) mkakaya (kind of tree, royal spoon/ladle.
Pandanus Kirkii/tectorius). poinciana, Delonix regia). mkapitalisti* [_Engl.~\ (wa-) capitalist. Cf.
mkana (wa-) one who denies/disavows, rel.
ukapitalisti.
mkagua, mkaguaji, mkaguzi (wa-) overseer, mkalamu* (mi-) arch, mkalamu (kind of reed
- Mungu. atheist. Cf. âna.
inspector. — shamba. farm inspector. — wa or bamboo used for making pens). Cf. mkarabaka (mi-) mkarabaka (kind of tree,
hesabu. comptroller. Cf. kagua. kalamu.
mkanda (mi-) rare strap, belt. (= ukanda.) Encephalartos villosus).
nkaguaji (wa-) see mkagua. mkale (wa-) ancestor, forebear, ancient. Cf. mkarafuu* (mi-)
mkandaa (mi-) variety of mangrove (Ceriops clove tree, Cf. karafuu. -
kale.
candolliana). maiti. camphor tree. Cf. kafuri.
ikaguo (mi-) examination, inspection. — wa
skuli. inspection of a school. Cf. kagua. mkalimana (mi-) mkalimana (kind of banana). 3
mkandaji (wa-) masseur. Cf. kanda. imkaragazo (mi-) downpour of rain, heavy shower,
nkaguzi (wa-) 1. - mkagua. 2. inspector; mkalimani* (wa-) interpreter. (- mfasiri.)

mkandamizo (mi-) press. - wa maji maji. 2 mkaragazo (mi-)
an inferior quality of tobacco.
(liter.) reviewer. Cf. kagua. Cf. kalima, ukalimani.
hydraulic press. 3
Cf. kanda.
mkarakala 326 nkavu
mka 327 mkinda
mkarakala (mi-) see mtututu. pact; statute, — wa amani. peace treaty. -

mkazi (wa-) see ^mkaa.
wa urafiki. treaty of friendship- _ wa mkichaa (wa-) rare - mwenye kichaa. insane
kuto-
mkarati, mkuruti (mi-) person, madman, lunatic.
mkarati (kind of tree, shambuliana. nonaggression pact. 3. mil.
mkazo (mi-), kazo (ma-) 1. fastening, securing,
Baphia Kirkii)* regulations. Cf. kitabu.
strengthening. 2, pressing;, compressing. mkidhi* (wa-) rel. the granter (of benefactions)
3, pressure. 4. emphasis, stress. - wa (= God).
mkaribishaji* (wa-) hospitable/generous per- mkataji*, mkati (wa-) Cf. kidl.i.
cutter [tailor, etc.). Cf.
sauti. accent (on a syllable ).
son. (= mkarimu.) karibia.
5, fig. stead-
Cf. *kata.
fastness, constancy; stability, durability.
mkiki (-) mkiki (kind of fish).
Cf. kaza.
karimu* (wa-) host, hospitable person. Cf. mkatale* (mi-) stocks, foot-shackles.
kirimu, karimu. mkilemba (wa-) mkilemba (someone who has
like (wa-) wife. Cf. ke. earned the right to wear a turban; sec *!;•!;-.
niKaiani (mi-i_ sisai nemp plant (Agave sisa-
mba): (fig. J successful candidate, prizewinner.
mkasa* (mi-) rare 1. event, occurrence, inci- lana). (= Imkonge.) Cf. katani. nkebe* [lnd.1 (mi-), kebe (ma-) 1. pot, can.
dent. 2, (piece of) news. Cf. kisa.
2. box, case. mkilua (mi-) mkilua (species of liana the flowers
mkatavu. (wa-) stubborn/quarrelsome person.
of which are used to make perfume). Cf.
^mkasama* (mi-), kasama (-) 1, part, share. Cf. *kataa, katavu.
nkeka (mi-) (sleeping) mat. kilua.
2. division, partition, distribution. 3, math.
division. Cf. kasimu.
mkate* (mi-) 1. loaf of bread. 2. (— mtamu)
mkeketo (mi-) something/someone of the same mkilungwana (mi-) mkilungwana (kind of rubber
cake, 3. compact/pressed piece of some-
size/height (as something/someone else). tree, Landolphia Kirkii).
Ankasama* (mi-) mkasama (kind of manioc),
thing. — wa tumbako. pressed/plug tobacco.
Cf. kekela.
— wa nyuki. honey in the comb. Cf. kata.
mkimbiaji, mkimbizi (wa-) sport halfback.
Cf.
mkasasi*, mkakasi (mi-) mkasasi (kind of tree), mkekewa (mi-) mkekewa (a weed). (= nikwa- kimbia.
mkati (wa-) see mkataji.
ngwachara.)
mkasi*, mkassi (mi-) {also makasi, pL) (pair mkimbizi (wa-) 1. fugitive, deserter. 2. pursuer,
mkatili* (wa-) 1. cruel person, 2, aggressor.
of) scissors. mkereza (wa-) ]. one who uses a lathe, turner, persecutor. = mkimbiaji.
3. Cf. kimbia.
Cf. katili.
2. pol. timeserver, opportunist. Cf. kereza.
mkasiri (mi-) mkasiri (shrub the bark of which mkimu* (wa-) 1. provider, supporter (one who
mkatizo* (mi-) interruption, pause, break.
is used to make a black dye). mkero (wa-) importunate/meddlesome person. supplies someone else with the
necessities
Cf. ^kata.
Cf. kera.
of life). 2. careful/attentive person. 3. one
mkassi* (mi-) see mkasi. who harps on a subject. Cf. kimu.
mkato* (mi-) 1. (act of) cutting, felling (trees).
*mkesha (mi-) clearing up (after a rain).
mkata* (wa-) poor person. 2. boaster, brag- 2. cut, incision. 3. section, division, com-
1. mkimwa (wa-) unfriendly/ill-humored person.
gart, Cf. *kata, ukata.
partment; (— wa duara) arc (of a circle).
2 mkesha (mi-), kesha (ma-) night-watch, Cf. kimwa.
vigil.
4. cutting down, shortening, reduction, njia
Cf. kesha.
mkataa* 1. (— decision, undertaking directed ya — . shortcut. 5. med. amputation. 6. fig.
)
mkinaifu* independent/self-sufficient person.
toward a goal. 2. adv. definitely, finally,
firmness, decisiveness, determination.
Cf. kinai, kinaifu.
mkevve (wa-) arch. (- mke wake) his wife.
irrevocably, unalterably. Cf. ^kataa. maneno ya — resolute words.
. Cf. kata.
mkia (mi-) 1. tail, la -. be last. 2. feeler, ^mkinda (mi-) mkinda (dance at the initiation
mkataba* (mi-) 1. agreement, settlement. 2. nkavu: .— wa macho (wa-) rude/insolent person.
kavu, kauka.
antenna (of an insect). 3.: - wa mjusi. ceremony for girls).
jut., pol. contract, deed, charter, treaty, Cf.
lines of embroidery on a kanzu, proceeding
from the mjusi (see Imjiisi 2 nikmda (wa-)

2), see kinda.
ikole 329 ikono
mkindani 328 ikole
mkindani (wa-) see mkinzani. mkizi (mi-) 1. cuttlefish. 2. sepia. ^mkole (mi-) bundle, bunch. — wa nuzi. a mkomunisti* [.Engl. J (wa-) communist. Cf.
bunch of coconuts. — wa mvua. rare rain- kikomunisti, ukomunisti.
bow. = upinde).
mkindu (mi-) mkindu (wild date palm, Phoenix mkoba* (mi-) bag, pouch, purse. — wa kike, ( Cf. kole.
reclinata). Cf. kindu, ukindu. handbag. Cf. koba, kuba, kubaza. mkomwe (mi-) see mkombwe.
mkoloni* lEngl. J (wa-) colonialist. Cf.
mkinga 1. (mi-) obstruction, obstacle, barrier. mkoche, mkoma (mi-) (species of) dwarf palm
koloni, ukoloni. mkondo (mi-) 1. flow, course, run, current. —
— wa maji. dam, dike. 2. (wa-) .person who wa mto. bed of a river, prov. maji hufuata
(Hyphaene coriacea). Cf. koche.
obstructs/impedes others. Cf. kinga, ^mkoma (mi-) see mkoche. — wake. The water follows its course/runs
mkingamo. in its bed. 2. track (of an animal). — wa

^mkodi (mi-) mkodi (a spirit).
2 m Um., (w H .) simba. the track of the lion. 3. wake (of n
rare Uper. (" nr.venyc „kuum.)
mkingaji |.wa-) defender, protector. Cf. L
kinga. ship). 4. elec: — wa stimu. electric current.
2mkodi* (wa-) one who rents/leases. Cf. kodi.
''mkoma (wa-) one who stops doing something.
mkingamo (mi-) 1. obstacle, impediment, njia mkonga (mi-) trunk (of an elephant). (= mkono,
mkoe (mi-) mkoe (kind of liana, Pergularia Cf. *koma.
ya — . roundabout way, detour; crossing, mwiro.)
extensa).
crossroads. 2. resistance, opposition, Cf.
mkomafi (mi-) mkomafi (kind of tree, Carapa
Tdnga. ^mkonge (mi-; sisal plant. Cf. ukonge.
moluccensis).
^mkogo (mi-) show, display, demonstration.
mkingiko (mi-) cross-beam, roof-beam (of a Cf. koga.

mkomamanga (mi-) pomegranate tree (Punica ^mkonge (— ) mkonge (kind of sea-fish with
house). Cf. kinga, mkinga.
9
granatum). Cf. komamanga, Manga. poisonous spines).
2mkogo (mi-) see ^kogo.
mkingiri (mi-) mkingiri (a shrub the bark of
mkomba (wa-) coll. drunkard. (
= mlevi.) mkongojo (mi-), ukongojo (kongojo) stick, staff,
which is used as a remedy for snakebite). mkojo, mkojozi (mi-) 1. urine, mwaga — . uri-
Cf. ''komba 2. cane, crutch. Cf, ^konga.
nate. 2. - kikojozi. Cf. kojoa.
mkingu (mi-) mkingu (kind of tree, Albizzia
mkombo (mi-) naut. rudder-handle, tiller.
nkongwe (wa-) sickly /feeble person.
lebbek). mkojozi (mi-) see mkojo.
Cf. kongwe, konga
mkombozi (mi-) 1. rescuer, liberator. 2. rel.

mkinzani, mkindani (wa-) opponent, adversary.
Imkoko (mi-) mkoko (species of mangrove, mkonjo see mkonzo.
Saviour, Redeemer. Cf. komboa. (mi-)
Cf. kinza, kinzani. Rhizophora mucronata. The wood is used
for house building; the bark, for the soles of mkono arm, hand. — wa kuume
mkombwe, mkomwe (mi-) 1. mkombwe (twining (mi-) 1. (kushoto).
mkiristo (wa-) see mkristo.
sandals). right (left) hand. — wa ndizi. a hand of bananas.
plant, Coesalpinia bonducella). 2. seeds of
the mkombwe (used in a board game). 3. 2. unit of length (from the fingertips to the
mkirizi (mi-) see mchirizi.
2mkoko* [.Engl. J (mi-) cocoa tree. Cf. koko. mkombwe (a powder used in charms, made elbow, 45 cm). 3. handle. — wa chungu. handle
from these seeds). of a pan. 4. signature, tia — sign (a letter,
.
mkitamli (mi-) mkitamli (coconut palm, Cocos

mkokoto (mi-) 1. pulling, dragging. 2. the track document). 5. inlet (of the sea), branch (of a
mucifera). Cf. kitamli.
left when something is dragged through the mkomo (mi-) rare end, limit, boundary. river). 6. (— wa tembo) trunk (of an elephant);
sand. Cf. kokota. = kikomo.) (fig.) variety of banana. Cf. kikono, kono,
(
mkiwa (wa-) 1. poor/destitute person, beggar.
ukono.
2. solitary /lonely person. Cf. kiwa.
Imkole (mi-) mkole (kind of tree). mkomoka (mi-) mkomoka (kind of manioc).
mkonyezo 330 mkufunzi ikueei!7 331 iikungumanga
mkonyezo (mi-) sign, signal; wink, hint; warn- tikoromo (mi-) 1. snoring, snorting. 2. purring mkugenzi, mkurugenzi (wa-) rare pioneer, mkumbufu (wa-) person with a good memory.
ing. Cf. konyeza. (of a cat). Cf, koroma. leader; superior, boss, manager, Cf. ukuru- Cf. kumbuka.
genzi.
mkonzo, mkonjo (mi-) pointed stick, hunting mkorosho (mi-) mkorosho (cashew apple tree, mkumbuu (mi-) 1. belt, sash, 2. sling, bandage.
spear. Cf. konzo. Anacardium occidentals), Cf. korosho. mkuki (mi-) spear, lance. 3. mil. shoulder strap.
mkoo (wa-) dirty /untidy person. Cf, ukoo. mkosaji, mkosefu, mkosi (wa-) 1. one who vio- mkunazi* \_Pers, ? j (mi-) mkunazi (kind of
'mkuku (mi-) naut. keel (of a boat, ship).
lates the law, offender, criminal. 2. rel. tree, Zizyphus jujuba), Cf. kunazi, kiku-
mkopaji, mkopi (wa-) 1. debtor. 2. rare sinner. Cf. kosa. nazi.
-mkuku (mi-) mkuku (a kind of climbing plant).
swindler. Cf. kopa.
mkosei'u (wa-) see mkosap. mkundaji (— ) mkundaji (kind of fish).
mkule (mi-) mkule (kind of sea-fish).
mkopeshi (wa-) 1. lender, creditor. 2, usurer.
Cf. kopa. ^mkosi (wa-) see mkosaji. mkunde (mi-) bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris).
ikulima (wa-) agricultural worker, farmer. Cf.
Cf. ukunde.
mkopi (wa-) see mkopaji.

^-mkosi* (— ) bad omen, bad luck. Cf. kisirani.
mkundu (mi-) anat. anus. Cf, kikundu.
mkulivu (wa-) 1. idle /lazy person. 2, boring/
mkopo (mi-) 1. loan, credit. — bila ya faida.
mkota (mi-) mkota (species of sweet sorghum, tiresome person. Cf. Mvua, kulivu.
interest-free loan. — wenye faida ya chini 'mkunga (wa-) 1. midwife (= mzalishi).
Sorghum saccharatum).
kabisa. low-interest loan, ununuzi wa — 2. confidential (female) adviser, older
mkulo, mkuro (mi-) filter, strainer (for straining
purchase on the instalment plan. 2. trickery,
woman friend who makes arrangements
mkowa (mi-) mkowa (bandage worn by women grated coconut). for a
swindling. Cf. kopa. marriage,
during pregnancy; cf. mkaja). Cf. "kunga. ukunga.
^mkumbi (mi-) mkumbi (a shrub, Ochna albo

mkorofi* (wa-) 1. cruel/brutal person. 2. one
mkristo*, mkristu, mkiristo iPort. ?} (wa-) -mkunga (species
serrata. The bark is used
us to prepare a vellow (mi-) of) marine eel.
who brings bad luck. Cf. koroli.
Christian. Cf. kikristo, Lkristo, _ 9
dye). (= Triwungamo.)
imkungu (mi-) 1. cooking pot, frying pan. 2.

mkoroga, mkorogaji (wa-) troublemaker,
mkubwa (w'a-) 1. leader. 2. director, manager;
-^mkumbi (mi-) track, traces (of an animal or a lid of a cooking pot, Cf, chungu.
agitator, insurgent, revolutionary. Cf. koroga.
superior, employer. Cf. kubwa.
person),
mkorogaji (wa-) see mkoroga. Ankungu (mi-) (species of) almond tree (Termi-
mkudhumani* (mi-) pomegranate tree (= mkoma-
1
mkumbizi (wa-) one who cleans up/makes a
nalia catappa). Cf, ^kungu.
martga). Cf. kudhumani.
mkorogi (wa-) see mkorogo 2. clean sweep of something; gleaner. Cf.
mkufu (mi-) (ornamental) chain. — wa shingo. kumba. •Jmkungu (mi-) fruit stem of the banana plant
mkorogo 1. (mi-) agitation, trouble-making,
necklace. — wa mguuni. anklet. (with the entire bunch of fruit).
discord, confusion. 2. (wa-) {also mkorogi)
^mkumbizi (wa-) one who pushes/jostles,
quarrelsome/pugnacious person. Cf. koroga. mkunguma mkunguma
mkufunzi, rhkurufunzi (wa-) 1. leader. 2. skilled rough/inconsiderate person. ^kumba. (mi-) (kind of tree,
Cf.
workman, journeyman. 3. rare teacher, edu- Sorindeia usambaraensis),
mkoromaji (wa-) one who habitually snores.
cator. Cf, ^funda. mkumbo (mi-) 1. destruction, devastation.
Cf. koroma. mktingumanga (mi-) nutmeg tree (Myristica
2. loss. Cf. ^ktimba.
fragrans). Cf. kungumanga.
mkunguni 332 mkutar
mkuto 333
*mkunguni (wa-) lazy person, idler. Cf. uku- mkuranga (mi-) arid region, desert. mkuto (mi-) 1. (act of) meeting, running, across,
(= jangwa.) mkwao (wa-) fellow villager, fellow countryman.
finding. 2. fold, bend, curve. Cf. kuta. Cf. '
wao.
mkuro (mi-) see mkulo.
^mkunguni (mi-) mkunguni (species almond mkutuo (mi-) jerk, impact, shock.
of Cf. kutua. mkwara (mi-) mkwara (kind of tree, Millettia
tree, Terminalia Fatraea). mkuru (wa-) see mkuu. Bussei).
mkuu, mkuru (wa-) 1. superior, manager,
''mkunguni (mi-) a long, stout stick. mkurufunzi (wa-) see mkufunzi.

director, head. _ wa skuli. school principal. mkware (wa-) 1. sensual/lascivious person.
2. leader, chairman. _ wa chama (kiti). 2. prostitute. 3. female animal in heat. Cf.
party leader. 3. mil. commander.
mkunguru, ukunguru sing, seasoning fever, mkurugenzi (wa-) see mkugenzi. 4. presi- ^kware, ukware.
dent. - wa serikali/dola. chief of state.
newcomer's fever (due to difficulty in adjust-
mkurungu
t>. comm. cadre. Cf. kuu.
ing to a change of climate or diet). (mi-) mkurungu (kind of tree, Ptero- mkwaruzo (mi-) 1. scratching, scraping, grating
carpus chrysothrix). (action, sound). 2. scraper. 3. scratch, sur-
mkuwadi*, mkwadi (wa-) l.(sexual) impotence.
mkung'uto (mi-) 1. shaking, sifting, winnowing. face wound, abrasion. 4. track, trail
= kawadi. (of a
2.
2. refuse, rubbish, kung'uta. mkururo (mi-) line, procession (of people). snake, etc.).
Cf. Cf. kwaruza.
mkuruti (mi-) see mkuyati* (_) me d. (sexual) restorative, tonic;

mkunjaji (wa-) one who bends/folds some- mkarati. mkwasi (wa-) wealthy/well-to-do person.
Cf.
aphrodisiac.
thing; folder. — uso. one who makes faces, kwasi, ukwasi.
clown. Cf. kunja.
mkuruzo, mkuruzu (mi-) drawstring (cord, etc.,
for closing a bag, a garment at the neck, mkuyu (mi-) wild fig tree. Cf. kuyu. mkwe (wa-) relative by marriage: father-
mkunjo (mi-) 1. folding, creasing. 2. fold,

etc.) (mother-) in-law, son- (daughter-) in-law,
mkuzaji (wa-) livestock breeder. \ua.
crease, suruali yenye — . trousers with a Cf. brother- (sister-) in-law.
pressed crease, 3, wrinkle, Cf. kunja.

mkuruzu (mi-) see mkuruzo.
mkwachuro (mi-) mkwachuro (disease of coco- mkweme (mi-) mkweme (species of liana,
mkusanya, mkusanyi (wa-) one who collects/ nuts).
mkuno (mi-) (act of) scratching, scraping, Telfairia pedata), Cf. kweme.
grating, kuna. gathers/assembles, Cf. kusanya.
Cf.
mkwadi* (wa-) see mkuwadi. mkweo (mi-) 1. (act of) climbing, mounting.
mkunungu (mi-) mkunungu (kind of tree the mkusanyi (wa-) see mkusanya. 2. climb, ascent. Cf. kwea.
mkwaju (mi-) tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica).
leaves of which are eaten as a vegetable),
mkusanyiko, mkusanyo (mi-) 1. heap, quantity. Cf. kwaju. mkwepuzi (wa-) rare thief. (= mwivi.) Cf.
mkuo (mi-) 1. heap, lump. 2. bar, ingot (of 2. accumulation, collection. 3. gathering, kwepua.
assembly; crowd, throng; tumult. 4. set,
mkwakwa, mkwakwara (mi-) mkwakwa (climbing
metal).
kit, Cf. kusanya.
plant bearing edible fruit, Landolfia florida). mkwezi 1, (wa-) one who climbs/mounts; one
mkupuo (mi-) 1. push, shove, blow. 2. (act of) who make a business of climbing coconut
mkusanyo (mi-) see mkusanyiko. mkwakwara (mi-) see mkwakwa. trees to knock
shaking off, pushing aside, getting rid of down the nuts. 2. (mi-) climb-
something. Cf. kupua.

ing plant, creeper, liana. Cf. kwea, kwezi.
mkutano (mi-) 1. meeting, — wa umma. mass mkwamba (mi-) mkwamba (kind of thorny shrub).
mkupuzi (wa-) one who is given to pushing/ meeting. — hadharani. open meeting. 2. con- Vkwiji (mi-) bag, pouch, purse,
sultation, discussion, conference, session. mkwangwachare (mi-) mkwangwachare (species
hitting/horseplay. Cf. kupua.
— wa waandishi/wanagazeti. of liana, Smilax Kraussiana). (=
press confer- mkekewa.)
^mkwiji (wa-) rare = gwiji.
ence. 3, contest, competition. Cf. *kuta.
334 mlegevu
33r ilimwengu
mkwiro (mi-) drumstick. 2. quarrelsome/irritable person. Cf. lala. ilei, mlai [E ngl. ^ (wa-) layman; (pi.) lav-
mlia (wa-) one who cries (e.g., a child).
people, Iaitv. Cf.
Jlio
mla (wa-) eater, consumer, mla riba. usurer. mlalazamu* (wa-) watchman, guard. Cf. lala,
liter.: — watu. cannibal. Cf. Ma. zamu.

ilei (wa-) (children's) nurse, babv-sitter. Cf. *>,-,.
-mha (m.-) ^ ,
l
1. colored stripe. 2. striped patte
ml(>zi-
mlaanifu*, mlaanizi (wa-) 1. one who curses/ (of cloth).
mlamba (wa-) one who licks /has a sweet Cf. milia.
swears. 2. accursed person, us. pi. wala-
tooth. Cf. lamba. mleli (mi-) tail-feathers of a bird (often
nifu. rel. the damned. Cf. laana, laani. used mli ,ana (mi-) mliiana (kind of n langrove, Son-
as ornament), toa -. put out a tail-feather
neratia cae solaria /ac Ida).
^mlamba (mi-) see mramba. (fig-) show signs of prosperity.
mlaanizi* (wa-) see mlaanifu.
'«i i ma (mi-) mountain, large hill; steep climb.

mlamu (wa-) see mwamu. mlemhe (mi-) mlembe (the honey> bird
mladi* (mi-) mladi (stick used by weavers uiiu, indicator
Indicator _
to vva molo# volcano, l
milima, safu ya miliina.

indicator).
tighten threads). mountain range, Cf kilima.
mlandawa (mi-) banyan tree.
mlenge (mi-) mlenge (game plaved bv th rowing

mlafi (wa-) one who eats greedily /voraciously, mlimaji (wa-) rare agricultural worker, farmer.
mlangali (mi-) mlangali (kind of tree, Euphorbia). sticks).
glutton. Cf. lapa, lafua. = mkulima.)
( Cf. 'lima.
mlangamia (mi-) mlangamia (parasitic plant grow- mlengu (mi-) naut. outrigger.
mlaghai* (wa-) deceiver, cheat, swindler. Cf. mlimao* (mi-) see mlimau.
ing on cloves, etc.; Cassytha filiformis),
-
laghai.
mleo (mi-) staggering, reeling as a drunken
1 .
m ima „*
miimau
l
i-
mlimao r D 1,(mi-)
IPers.j , ,
lemon tree
mlango {rare mwango) (mi-) 1. door, gate,
person). swaying, rocking, wavering.
,
,
2.
mlai* \_Engl. J (wa-) see 1 mlei. ~ [Citrus V
fC;, r « Limonum).
, . rr,-
Cf. limau.
entrance, fig. milango ya maarifa. the five concussion, vibration.
3. t„ rolling (of a
senses. 2.: — wa mto. mouth of a river. — ship). Cf. lewa.
mlaji (wa-) (great) eater, one who likes to eat I-
mlimbiko
-l i i
(mi-),
\ ,. ,
limbiko (ma-)
, ,
1. supply, reserve:
wa bahari (or sometimes mlangobahari).
certain things. Cf. la. (econj reserve fund. economy.
strait, channel. — wa Suez, the Suez Canal. ,
mlela|i (wa-)
.. , .
,
I. messenger, deliverer, bearer.

2. thri ft,
qc |j m i,jk a
3. (mountain) pass, defile; bottleneck. sender (of a
2. letter). 3. porter. Cf. lota.
mlala (mi-) mlala (species of dwarf palm).
4. genealogy. 5. liter, chapter. 6. goal (foot-
= mkoche, mwaa.) iimbolimbo (mi-)
( mlimbolimbo (a thorn bush,
ball). Cf. lango, kilango. iilevi (wa-) heavy drinker, drunkard, alcoholic.
Euphorbia cuneata). Cf. ulimbo.
C\. Iewa, levi.
mlalafi (wa-) see mlalavi.
mlariba* (wa-) moneylender, usurer. Cf. mla,
mlimbuko (mi-) .see limbuko.
riba.
'mle/.i, mlei (wa-) nurse, children's maid.
mlalaji (wa-) late sleeper, sleepyhead. Cf. I.
lala. 2. governess, tutor. 3. jur, guardian. Cf. mlimi (wa-) 1. chatterer, gossip, talebearer.
mlazi 1. (wa-) children's nurse (lit.: one who
Ica- 2 boaster, braggart.
puts to sleep,). 2. (mi-) cradle. Cf. lala.
"
Cf. limi, kilimi, ulimi.
mlalamishi (wa-) jut., rare plaintiff. (- mdai.)
Cf. lalama. -mle/.i (mi-) med. swelling of the neck glands. mlimo ("'-'") cultivation, agriculture, farming,
mle dem. pron. (also adv.) in that, inside there,
scrofula. tillage. Cf. Mima, kilimo.
within.
mlalangwa (mi-) mlalangwa (kind of tree, Ficus
Bussei)* 3 mlezi (mi-) nilimwengu, mwulimwengu (wa-) inhabitant

mlegevu (wa-) 1. weak, sickly person. 2. de- (species of) millet plant. Cf.
1.
l of the earth I'uman being. 2. easv-going/ 7
pressed/dejected person. Cf. lega, legevu. „lozi. -
mlalavi, mlalafi (wa-) 1. restless sleeper (one

happy-go-lucky person. Cf. ulimwengu.
who twists and turns in his sleep).
inda 336
337 nnads
mlinda, mlindaji (wa-) 1. watchman, guard, mlipuko (mi-) explosion, detonation. Cf. lipuka.
^mlozi* (mi-) almond tree.
keeper, caretaker. — ndege. one who watches Cf. lozi. mmelea (mi-) creeping/climbing plant, parasite
plant. Cf. mea, kimelea.
over a planted field (scares away birds,
mlisha, mlishi (wa-) one who feeds/cares for 2 mlozi (wa-)
etc.). 2. mil. guard, sentry,
magician, sorcerer. Cf. loga.
Cf. linda.
(people or animals). Cf. la.
mmisionari* \_Engl.~] (wa-) missionary.
mlumbaji (wa-) speaker, orator, eloquent
mlindaji (wa-) see mlinda. per-
mlishi (wa-) see mlisha.
son. Cf. lumba. Mmisri (wa-) Egyptian. Cf. Misri.
mlingano (mi-) 1, resemblance, similarity, 2.

mlisho (mi-) 1. feeding, nourishment. 2. Isl.
mlungula, mlungura 1. (wa-) thief, robber, mmoja (wa-) a (certain) person, someone, kila
harmony, unison, 3, geom. symmetry, 4. (or month of the Muhammadan year (preceding
swindler, extortionist. 2. (mi-) bribery, -. each (and every) one. Cf. moja.
mlinganyo) math, equation, Cf. linga. Ramadhan). Cf. la.
corruption: bribe. Cf. Ii.ngii| 3 .
mlinganyo (mi-) see

mmoyomoyo, mmwaka (mi-) mmoyomoyo (a shrub,
mlingano 4. mliwa* (mi-) mliwa (kind of tree, Spirostachys
mlungura (wa-, mi-) see mlungula. Sapindus saponaria).
africana)* Cf. liwa.
mlingoti (mi-) 1. (ship's) mast, — wa maji.
bowsprit, — wa — wa mluzi sing. see uluzi. mmrirna* (wa-) coast dweller (i.e., inhabitant of
mbele. foremast, galme. mlizabu* (mi-) see mrizabu.
the coastal area where Swahili the native
mizzenmast. — wa bendera. flagstaff, 2. is
mluziluzi (mi-) mluziluzi (a kind of tree; the language). Cf. mrima.

vulg. penis. mlizamu* (mi-) spout, eaves, gutter, pipe.
seed pods make a whistling noise in the
Cf. mrizabu.
watchman, guard, caretaker;
wind; cf. uluzi). mmumunye, mmung'unye (mi-) bottle-gourd plant
mlinzi (wa-) 1.
(Lagenaria vulgaris). Cf. mumunye.
shepherd. 2. protector, defender, 3. jur. mlizi (wa-) 1. one who cries/screams/whines.
mmalidadi* (wa-) see malidadi.
guardian. Cf. linda. 2. one who causes someone/something to
mmung'unye (mi-) see mmumunye.
make a noise. Cf. lia.
Mmanga* (wa-) Arab. 2
mlio (mi-) 1. sound (in gen.). 2. bang, report. Cf. Manga.
— wa mmunina* (wa-) see muminina.

bunduki. rifle shot. 3. cry (of a person mlo (mi-) 1. food, diet; provender, fodder.
or animal), roar, bellow., etc, — wa ng'ombe. mmasihiya*, mmasiya (wa-) Christian
2. banquet. Cf. la.
(= mkristo). Cf. masihiya. Mmvita (wa-) inhabitant of Mombasa. Cf. Mvita,
lowing of cattle. Cf. Mia.
Kimvita.
mlomo (mi-) see mdomo.
mmasiya* (wa-) see mmasihiya.
mlipa, mlipaji, mlipi (wa-) one who pays,
mmwaka (mi-) see mmoyomoyo.
payer. Cf. lipa. mlonge (mi-) mlonge (kind of tree the leaves
of which are eaten as a vegetable).
mmbea (wa-) 1. chatterer, gossip, scandal-
monger. 2. inquisitive/curious person. Cf. mmwambao (wa-) rare one who lives on the
mlipaji (wa-) see mlipa.
mbea, umbea. coast. Cf. ambaa, mwambao.
^mlongo (mi-) see mwongo.
mlipi (wa-) see mlipa.
mmbuji*, mbuji (wa-) well-dressed/elegant mna, muna 1. 2nd pers. pi. you have. 2. (in
^mlongo (wa-) see 'mwongo. there is..,
person. Cf. umbuji. it)
mlipizi (wa-) one who exacts payment. —
kisasi. avenger. Cf. lipa.
mlonjo (mi-) stilt (used in various games). mnaanaa
mmea (mi-) sprout, shoot; (pi.) vegetation. (mi-) see mnanaa.
Cf. lonjo. Cf. mea, kijimea.
mlipuaji (wa-): — baruti. minesweeper, explo-
mnada* (mi-) 1. sale, auction, piga (uza kwa)
sives expert. Cf. lipuka. mlowezi (wa-) settler. Cf. lowela.
mmego (mi-) 1. breaking, biting. 2. ripping,
-. auction off. 2. rare, rec. chamber of
tearing (up, to pieces), Cf. mega. commerce. Cf. nadi.
338 mng aro
Mngn:
339
mnadi* (wa-) 1. auctioneer. 2. announcer, mnazaa* 1. (vva-) quarrelsome person; one who Mngazija (wa-) inhabitant of the Comoro m „n nj ve
— sala. Isl. one who calls to prayer, muez- does a shameful/disgraceful thing, 2. (mi-) Islands. Cf. Ngazij,
T much; too much, inordinately,
excessively; unusually; very.
^ ^^
quarrel, dispute, ill-feeling, Cf. nazaa. (Sometimes
zin. Cf. nadi.
used in conjunction with other words of
m„
mng ,
oaj.
.. ,
wa-)
. .
,, /
usually with a followm , object)
_
mnafiki* (wa-) deceiver, hypocrite, liar, Cf. mnazi (mi-) coconut palm (Cocos nucifera). one who pulls ... out/up. - meno. J'
dentist.
unafiki. Cf. nazi. Cf. ng'oa.
mnofu (mi-) flesh, lean meat (without fat or
bones). Cf. nofu, kinofu, nofoa.
mnajimuu*, mnajimu (wa-) 1, astrologer. mndege (wa-) see mwana. mngo|a, mngo|e, mngojaji (wa-) watchman,
2, astronomer, Cf. unajimu. guard, keeper, attendant, guard
mil. g sentrv
sentf y° mnoga / \
' (mi-) green tobacco leaf.
mndimu* (mi-) see mdimu. — mlango. doorkeeper, porter. Cf. ngoja.
mnajisi* (vva-) unclean/impure /profane pcisuu.
.. , .
mnong'onezi, mnong'oni (wa-) whisperer
msperer,
Cf. najisi. mndunga (mi-) mndunga (bitter species of mngojai! (wa-)
.
see mnpoja. r r ,
prompter. Cf. nong'ona.
manioc),
mnamo adv. about, approximately. mngoje (wa-) see mngoja.

nnong'oni (wa-) see mnong'onezi.
mnena (wa-) eloquent, confident speaker. —
mnana (mi-) 1. ornith. finch, golden weaver. watu. popular speaker, demagogue. — uwongo. mngojezi (vva-) 1. guard, protector. 2. ooserver.
observer nmong ono >
i ^ -,
,
o ,
(mi-) 1. whispering. 2. (idle) talk
Cf. *nena.
. .
2. yellow dye (used for staining the strips liar, 3. steward, housekeeper. ,
Cf. ngoja.
'
n rumor. n ,
Cf. nong
,
ona.
from which mats are made).
mnenaji, mneni (wa-) 1, talkative person, gossip, mnguri (mi-) wooden hammer, mallet (used by
y u
Mn,lbl•*
i i
wa ") v m
a Nubian.
, .
= mnena. ( Cf. Kinubi.

Cf. *nena.
, ,
mnanaa*, mnaanaa (mi-) hot. mint plant 2, ,

shoemakers).
(Mentha viridis /piperita). Cf. nanaa.

... mnukauvundo (mi-) mnukauvundo (a shrub
defender, advocate, proponent. ,
.
mnenea (wa-) 1. mngurumizi (wa-) 1. one who roars /growls / r

... r. -
Cassia occidentalis).
mnanasi* [Pers. J (mi-) pineapple plant 2. critic. 3. opponent. Cf. *nena. bellows. 2. grumbler, faultfinder
Cf
(Ananas sativa/comosus). Cf. nanasi. nguruma.
mnukio (mi-) aromatic substance, perfume.
mneni (wa-) see mnenaji. Cf.
nuka.
mnandi (wa-) ornith. mnandi (cormorant, mngvvana (wa-) see mwungwana.
Phalacrocorax). mng'ago (mi-) see mng aro.
mniU* Ui
mmli A-
(mi-) mdigo n J- r \
plant (Indigofera
•
tinctorial
'
1 .
mnako ^^ sm ^l odor (either pleasant or
J , .
„,
nr pleasant). Cf. nuka.
tower. - wa taa. lighthouse. mng'ao (mi-) see mng'aro. L/. nili.
mnara* (mi-) 1.
2. minaret, steeple. Cf. nuru.

mnuna, mnunaji, mnuni (wa-) grumbler, fault-
mng'ariza (wa-) 1. a person with very bright/ mnimbi (— ) mnimbi (a large fish).
finder, malcontent.
Cf. nuna.
(act of) catching, trapping. piercing eyes, 2. wicked person, sorcerer.
mnaso (mi-) 1.
2. trap. 3. what is caught (in a trap), Cf ng'aa. mninga (mi-) mninga (a tree providing good
mnunaji (wa-) see mnuna.
lumber).
catch. Cf. nasa.
mng'arizo (mi-) brightness, gleam, glitter, glare,
mnunda (wa-) see nunda.
mnavu (mi-) hot. nightshade (Soianum nigrum/ glow. - wa macho, shining/piercing eyes. mnjugumawe (mi-) Madagascar/Bambara
nodiflorum). Cf. ng'aa. peanut plant. Cf. njugu.
mnuno (mi-) grumbling, complaining, fault-
finding. Cf. nuna.
mnawili* (— ) mnawili (an agreement for mng'aro, mng'ao, mngago (mi-) 1. brightness, mnjugunyasa (mi-) peanut plant (Arachis
shipping goods). Cf. nauli. 2. fig. clarity, lucidity, intelligibility. Cf. hypogaea). Cf. njugu. mnunuzi (wa-) buyer, purchaser,
customer.
ng'aa.
Cf. nunua.
mnyama 340 mnyoo mnyoo 341
mnyama (wa-) 1. animal, beast- 2. fig. coarse/ mnyenyekevu (wa-) quiet, humble person. Cf. mnyoo (mi-) roundworm, intestinal worm. moja moja. one after another, one by one,
stupid person. Cf. nyama, kinyama, unyama. nyenya, nyenyekevu. one each, walikuja mmoja mmoja. They came
mnyororo, mnyoo (mi-) chain, fetter. - wa
1. one at a time, uhusiano wa — na — . one-to-
mnyamavu (wa-) taciturn/uncommunicative mnyeo (mi-) 1. tickling, itching. 2. craving, baisikeli. bicycle-chain. 2. jail, confine- one correspondence, pamoja. together. 2.
person. Cf. nyamaa, nyamavu. yearning. Cf. *nyea. ment. an individual, a certain one. mtu mmoja. a
certain person, mmoja wetu. one of us.
mnyampara, mnyapara (wa-) head, headman, mnyevu (mi-) dampness, moisture, vapor. Cf. mnyozi (wa-) see kinyozi. mojawapo. someone or other. 3. uniform,
leader (esp. of a caravan or an expedition). nya. homogeneous, moyo mmoja. harmony (lit.:
mnyunyo (mi-) sprinkling, moistening. one hearty, watu
Cf. si wamoja. People are not
nnyangalika (wa-) nondescript/uselessAope- mnyevunyevu adj. wet, moist, damp. Cf. nya. nyonyota. all alike. Cf. kumoja, mamoja, mmoja, pa-
moja, umoja.
nyangalika. mnyima, mnyimaji (wa-) miser, skinflint. Cf. mnywa, mnywaji (wa-) drinker. Cf. nywa.
nyima. mojawapo see moja 2.
mnyang'anyi (wa-) 1. robber, plunderer, brig- mnywanywa (mi-) mnywanywa (a shrub, Pluchea
and, burglar. 2. invader, conqueror. Cf. mnyimaji (wa-) see mnyima. dioscorides). mola* sing., Isl. Lord (= God).
nyang'anya.
mnyimo (mi-) stinginess, miserliness. Cf. mnywo (mi-) 1. swallow of water. 2. mnywo *moma be spread out/spilled/scattered; to
mnyanya (mi-) tomato plant (Lycopersicum nyima. (an alcoholic beverage). Cf. nywa. spread (of fire, water, disease), appl. momea
cerasi forme). Cf. ^nyanya.
(momia).
mnyiri (mi-) feeler, arm, tentacle (of a cuttle- mo relat. pron. adv.: —
1. 2. mote, wherever,
mnyanyuko (mi-) uprising, insurrection. — wa fish, etc.). no matter where, everywhere.

2 moma (ma-) moma (kind of snake, Bitis gabo-
silaha. armed uprising. Cf. ^nyanya.
mnyo (mi-) 1. (act of) discharging urine/feces. modeli* [.Engl. ] (-) model, type.
2. shower (of rain). Cf. nya.
mnyapa (mi-) mnyapa (a plant, spurge).
momonyoa see monyoa.
moduleta* [Engl. ] (-) mus. modulator,
see mnyampara. mnyofu (wa-): mtu — . honest/honorable person.

mnyapara (wa-)
monyoa, momonyoa break off, tear off; pick
Cf. nyoka, nyofu. mofa (-) small (clay) oven.
1. 2. (also mkate
(fruit), appl. monyoiea. caus. monyosha.
mnyaufu sing, (process of) drying up, wither- wa — ) round loaf of bread (of millet flour)
intr. monyoka, momonyoka. break off, become
mnyongaji (wa-) hangman, executioner. Cf. baked in a mofa.
ing/wasting away. Cf. nyauka.
2 eroded, crumble away, fall into ruin.
nyonga.
mnyefu (mi-) see unyefu. mofti* [Engl. J adj. /adv. see mufti.
mnyonge (wa-) 1. weak/sickly person. 2. mean/ Imori (-) young animal. _ ya ng'ombe. calf,
malicious person. Cf. nyonge. mogo (mi-) see mwogo.

heifer. — ya farasi. colt, filly.
mnyegea (mi-) mnyegea (kind of tree, Kigelia
pinnata).
2 mori* (-)
mnyonywaji (wa-): — damu. bloodsucker, moja 1. num. one. kumi na — . eleven (= ten (animal) fat, tallow.
mnyenyekeo (mi-) 1. honor, respect, esteem, exploiter. Cf. nyonya. and one), mia kwa — . one percent. — kwa
devotion. 2. deference, servility, humility, — . straight away, without delay, immediate- ^mori* (-) 1. excitement, anger, ferocity (e.g.,
reverence. Cf. nyenya. *mnyoo (mi-) see mnyororo.
ly, mama yake mgonjwa akao-
amesikia ati of male animals fighting over females, and
ndoka — kwa — News reached him that his
.
2. mori (a medicine which
fig.). is supposed
mother was ill and he left immediately. to produce anger and ferocity).
,
342 moyo
Mozambiki 343 mpambe
morita*, morta (— ) (short) span (distance from — become

. hot. tia — . set a fire (arson), fig., Mozambiki Mozambique. mpakuzi (wa-) 1. one who unloads,
(usually)
thumb to forefinger when the hand is fully recent, take off (of airplanes), prov.: dawa
stevedore, longshoreman. 2. rare
one who
opened). Cf. shibiri. ya — ni — The remedy
. for fire is fire. — wa mpagani* [Engl.l (wa-) pagan, heathen. serves food. Cf. ^pakia.
milele. rel. hell. 2. burning, glowing, makaa
Moroko* Morocco. ya — . glowing coals. 3. heat, warmth, tem- mpagazi (wa-) carrier, bearer, porter. mpalilio, mpalio (mi-)
Cf. 1. hoeing, weeding.
perature, maji — . hot water. 4. fig. zeal,
pagaa.
2.
hoeing time. Cf. *paa.
morta* (— ) see morita. energy, exertion, kazi — . hard/taxing work.
5. rare, elec. current, —a — charged,
. live.
mpaji (wa-) 1. generous person. 2. benefactor, mpalilizi (wa-) see mpalizi.
moshi (mi-) 1. smoke, pazia la — recent, pol. isiyo na — . without current. 6. adv.: — or
.
donor, rel. - Mungu. God is the giver. Cf.
smokescreen. 2. soot. 3. vapor, steam. motomoto. mkate huu u motomoto. This bread *pa.
lmnalin
-- fn,i.l
v-. -:~: (,i
Ui luc
, ,.
— locomotive, prof, palipo na — is very tresh. C/. joto, ujotojoto, umoto,
, .,-...,
ft guige, cnoKing. L/.
gari la .
paa.
pana moto. Where there is smoke there is vimoto; also ôta.
mpaka (mi-) 1. boundary, border, limit, barrier.
fire. Cf. joshi.
piga (weka) _. set/establish a boundary, 2mpalio (mi-)
2 moto (mioto) marks/welts (made by beating). see mpalilio.
draw a limit, ruka -. cross a boundary-line,
mosi arch. 1. num. one. Jumamosi. Saturday 4 ota.
Cf.
trespass, invade (a country). - mmoja. bor- mpalizi, mpalilizi (wa-)
(the first day of the week), mwezi — the . one who hoes or pulls
dering, neighboring, contiguous.
day of the month. 2. rare, adv. first.
2. (time) weeds. Cf. Ipaa.
first motobaiki* [Engl.] (— ) coll. motorbike, motor-
limit, term. — wa tnwisho. the latest date,
— lazima niende, pili... First I must go, cycle.
deadline. 3. prep, until. - lini? until when? Impamba* [PersJ
secondly... ( mi .) cotton plant (Gossyptum
how long? - sasa. until/up to now. toka
motokaa* (— ) see motakaa. ... spj, 2
Cf. pamba.
-. from ... to. 2 paka.
Cf.
mota* [.Engl, j (— ) motor, rare baisikeli ya
— . motor scooter. motokari* (— ) see motakaa. 2 mpamba,

mpambaji, mpambi (wa-) decorator.
mpaka, mpakaji, mpaki (wa-) one who spreads
Cf. ipamba.
or applies something. - chokaa. plasterer.
motaboti* [Engl. J (-) motorboat. motomoto see moto.
- rangi. painter. Cf. ipaka.
mpambaji (wa-) see 2
mpamba.
motakaa*, motokaa, motakari, motokari [Engl. J moyo (mioyo; dial, nyoyo) 1. heart, feeling,
— mpakaji (wa-) see 2 mpaka.

(— ) automobile, ya abiria. bus, taxi. conscience, character. 2. interior, center,
mpambanisho (mi-) 1. contest. 2. bankruptcy.
middle. — wa mnazi. core at the top of the
Cf. pambana.
see motakaa. coconut tree (favored as a delicacy). — wa mpakato (mi-) something applied: patch,
motakari* (-)
jipu. core of an abscess, kujifunzu plaster, etc. Cf. Ipaka.
fig.
mpambano (mi-) 1. encounter, meeting (sport,
mote, mwote indef. pron. (agreeing w. nouns kwa — (or kujifunza). study hard, kimoyo-
pol.). 2. mil. skirmish, engagement. 3. rare
whole, entire, nyumbani moyo. learn by heart. 3. fig. courage, deter- mpaki (wa-) see 2 mpaka.
w. suff. -nij all,
collision (of vehicles).
Cf. pambana.
— . in all the houses, mjini — . in the whole mination, willpower, tia (kuza) — ,
jipa —
city, mo — wherever,
. in all places, every- piga — konde. take heart, pluck up courage. mpakizi (wa-) packer, loader, stevedore.
Cf. mpambauke (mi-) mpambauke (a shrub, Lippia
where. Cf. ote. — za kithaura. comm. revolutionary fervor. pakia.
asperifolia),
4. fig. favorite, pet, sweetheart. Iiuyu ndiye
— wake. This one is his favorite. Cf. choyo, mpako (mi-) 1. spreading, smearing. - wa
Imoto (mioto) 1. fire, flame, washa — light/ .
cho-
mpambe, mpambi (wa-) 1. eth. mpambe (girl who
zima -. put out/extinguish a kijoyo, kimoyo, uchoyo. kaa. plastering. - wa rangi. painting. 2.
kindle a fire, attends a bride at the wedding ceremony).
plaster, stucco, whitewash.
fire, ota — warm oneself at the fire, pala Cf. ^paka.
2. rec. well-dressed young girl. Cf. ipamba,
pambe.
mpambi 344 mparamuzi mparuzi 345 mpendi
mparuzi (wa-) 1. idler, lazybones.

^mpambi (wa-) see -mpamba. mpangishaji, mpangishi (wa-) landlord, lessor. 2. bungler, L mpekecho,
mpeko (mi-) mpekecho (two sticks
Cf.
2
panga.
blunderer. - wa karatasi. scribbler, poor
used for producing fire). Cf. pekecha.
writer. Cf. Ipaa, parua.
^mpambi (wa-) see mpambe.
mpangishi (wa-) see mpangishaji. mpeketevu (wa-) vain/arrogant person.
mparuzo (mi-)
Cf.
1. scratching, scraping. 2.
pekecha, peketevu.
^mpanda, mpandaji, m panel i, mpanzi (wa-) scratch. 3. botchwork. 1
*mpango (mi-) 1. arrangement, apportionment,
Cf. p aa , parua.
planter, sower, Cf. ^panda.
classification, order. 2. list, plan. 3. pol. mpeketo (mi-) see Mpekecho.
mpasi (wa-) ambitious person, go-getter. Cf.
program, platform, constitution, Cf. Mpanga.
2mpanda, mpandaji (wa-) 1. (mountain-)climber. pata.
mpeko (mi-) see 2
mpekecho.
— baisikeli. bicycle rider. — farasi. (horse-
2mpaneo (mi-) 1. (act of) renting, leasing.
back) rider, 2. jig. sponger, sycophant. Cf. in
K ..sua (wa-) one who cuts/spins, - mbao.
mpekuzi (wa-) inquisitive person. Cf. pekua,
2. rent. Cf. Mpanga.
^panda. one who saws boards, sawmill worker.
Cf. pekuzi.
pasua.
mpanje (mi-) mpanje (kind of banana).
"mpanda (mi-) see panda, mpelekwa (wa-) 1. messenger, courier. 2. envoy,
mpasuasanda (-) (ornith.) nightjar.
i delegate. Cf. peleka.
mpanzi (wa-) see mpanda.
mpandaji (wa-) see ^mpanda, ^mpanda.
mpasuka (mi-) see mpasuko.
papaya mpelelezi (wa-) 1. observer, scout, spy. 2.
mpapai*, mpapayu Und. J (mi-) tree
mpande (mi-) see kipande, upande. pursuer, persecutor.
(Carica papaya). — mwitu. wild papaya
mpasuko, mpasuka, mpasuo
Cf. peleleza.
(mi-) 1. tear, split.
(Melochia melissifolia). Cf. papai.
2. bursting, breaking. 3. explosion, detona-
mpandi (wa-) see ^mpanda. impemba (mi-) mpemba (kind of manioc).
tion, mipasuko ya bomu la atomiki. atomic
mpapatiko (mi-), papatiko (ma-) 1. beating,
bomb explosions. Cf. pasua.
Impando (mi-), pando (ma-) 1. (act, time, throbbing, fluttering, palpitation, pulsation, mpemba (wa-) coll. ignorant/ill-bred person.
method of) planting, sowing. 2. row of vibration. 2, med. spasm, convulsion, Cf.
mpasuo (mi-) see mpasuko.
plants. 3. furrow, bed. Cf. panda. papa. mpenda, mpendi, mpendao (wa-) (usually w. foil,
mpatanishi (wa-) mediator, negotiator, arbitra- obj.) one who is fond of something. - kula.
mpapayu (mi-) see mpapai.
2mpando (mi-) (act of) climbing, mounting. tor. Cf. pata. glutton. - michezo. sports fan. - raha. easy-
Cf. ^panda. going person, wapendao vita, warmongers.

mpapindi (mi-) mpapindi (kind of palm, Cycas Cf. penda.
Jmpato (mi-) 1. = kipato. 2. procurement,
^mpangaji, 2 m pangaji. Thouarsii).
mp anga (wa-) see acquisition. 3. gain, profit. Cf. pata.
mpendao (wa-) see mpenda.
mpapuro (mi-) 1. scratching, scraping. 2.
Impangaji, mpanga (wa-) arranger, — herufi. 2 mpato (mi-) float (on fishnets). =1 chelezo.)
scratcher, scraper (an implement). 3. trace (
mpendelevu (wa-) one who favors/shows favor-
typesetter. — viti (meza). one who arranges
1
left by a scratch or scrape; scratch, surface itism. Cf. penda, pendelevu.
the chairs (tables) at a feast. Cf. panga.
wound. 4. fig. scribble, scrawl. Cf. papura. mpayukaji (wa-) chatterbox, gossip, Cf. paya.
mpendevu, mpendezi (wa-) agreeable/congenial

^mpangaji, mpanga (wa-) 1. renter, tenant,
mparamuzi (kind of tree, inpea* (mi-) see mpera.
mparamuzi (mi-)
person. Cf. penda, pendevu.
lessee (of a house, field). 2. rare employer.
Sterculia appendiculata)*
Cf. ^ panga. lmpekecho, mpeketo (mi-) 1. (act of) twisting, mpendezi (wa-) see mpendevu.
twirling, stirring. 2. disturbance, excitement.
3. agitation, trouble-making. Cf. pekecha. mpendi (wa-) see mpenda.

mpendv 346 mpima mpima|i
347 mpomoshi
mpendwa (wa-) 1. favorite, pet. 2. youngest mpigaji (wa-) 1. - mpiga. 2.: — ngumi. boxer.
mpimaji (wa-) see mpima.
child. Cf. penda. — bendi. orchestra musician. Cf. piga. mpinzani (wa-) 1. - mpingaji. 2. stubborn
person. Cf. pinga.
mpimo (mi-) (act of) measuring, surveying,
mpenyezi (wa-) 1. smuggler. 2. secret agent. mpiganaji, mpigani (wa-) warrior, fighter. Cf.
weighing. Cf. pima. mpira (mi-) 1. rubber tree. 2. - wa
3. traitor. Cf. penya. piga. rubber.
gumdumu. (bicycle, automobile) tire. _ wa
mpindani (wa-) a person bent/deformed by
mpenyezo (mi-) 1. penetration. 2. smuggling. ndani. inner tube. - wa nje.
mpigani (wa-) see mpiganaji. (tire) casing.
disease. Cf. pinda.
3. bribe, bribery. Cf. penya. 3. (rubber) ball, football, kucheza -. play
football. 4. elasticity, nyama
mpiganisho (mi-) impact, collision; encounter; hii ngumu
mpindanifu (wa-) unshakable/resolute person.
mpenzf (wa-) favorite; lover, sweetheart. Cf. conflict, combat.
kama — . This meat is tough.
Cf. piga.
Cf. pinda, pindani.
penaa.
mpishi (wa-) cook. (= rare mpikaji.)
mpigano (mi-) see pigano.
mpindano (mi-) 1. stiffening, straining, press-
mpepea (mi-) breeze, draft. Cf. pepa. Cf. pika.
ing. 2. med. cramp. Cf. pinda.
mpigi (wa-) see mpiga.
mpita, mpitaji (wa-) -
mpepetaji, mpetaji (wa-) one who sifts/winnows 1. (also njia) passer-
mpindu/.i (wa-) 1. disturber of the peace, by. 2. rare traveler, passenger.
(grain). Cf. pepa. mpigo (mi-) striking, hitting, beating; blow. Cf. pita.
rioter. 2, lawbreaker. 3. rebel, agita-
Cf. piga.
tor. Cf. pinda. mpitaji (wa-) see
mpera*, mpea \_Port. J (mi-) guava tree (Psidium mpita.
guajava). — wa kizungu. myrtle tree (Jambosa mpigwa (wa-) 1. defeated/beaten person.

mpinga (wa-) one who obstructs. - maende- mpito (mi-) crossing, passage.
vulgaris). 2. rare person killed in combat, casualty. Cf. pita.
leo pol. reactionary. _ tliaura. counter-
Cf. piga.
revolutionary. Cf. pinga. mpoa, mpua (mi-) distant country. - wa
mpetaji (wa-) see mpepetaji.
mpikaji (wa-) rare cook. (
= mpishi.) Cf.
bahari. seacoast.
mpingaji, mpingani, mpinzani (wa-)
mpevu (wa-) full-grown person, adult, huyu si ]. oppo-
pika.
nent, adversary. 2. mischief-maker.
mtoto mchanga ni — . This person is no longer ^pofu, pofu (_) eland (Boselaphus canna).
Cf. pinga.
a child but an adult. Cf. pevua, pevu. ^mpiko (mi-) cooking, preparation of food.
Cf. pika. mpingani mpofu (wa-) rare see kipofu.

(wa-) see mpingaji.
mpevushi (wa-) one who tempts /perverts/
seduces. Cf. pevua. mpokea, mpokeaji, mpokezi
2mpiko (mi-) 1. carrying-pole; supporting bar mpingi (mi-) mpingi (kind of thorn tree, (wa-) one who
of a hammock. 2. lever. Ximenia americana). receives/collects. _ kodi. tax collector.
mpiga, mpigaji, mpigi (wa-) (always w. foil.
Cf. pokea.
obj.) one who strikes/makes/produces some-
mpilipili* LPers.J (mi-) pepper plant (Capsi- mpingo (mi-) ebony tree (Diospyros ebenum).
thing. — picha. photographer. — simu. teLe- mpokeaji
cum annuum). — manga, black-pepper plant (wa-) see mpokea.
grapher. — chapa. printer. — muziki. musi-
(Piper nigrum). — hoho. African pepper 2 , v
cian. — ramli. soothsayer, fortune-teller. mpingo

•
(mi-)
.
see pingo.
plant (Capsicum frutescens). Cf. pilipili. mpokezi (wa-) see mpokea.
— kura. voter. — maji. coll. drinker. —
— nyama. hunter, — mpini (mi-) {augment, of kipini)
ngoma. drummer. kelele. (handle mpomoshi (wa-) one who destroys.
mpima, mpimaji (wa-) one who measures, Cf. po-
noisy child. — filimbi. sport, umpire, ref- of a knife, etc.).
surveyor. Cf. pima.
eree. Cf. piga.
tnponda 348 mpunga mpungate
349
mponda (wa-) 1. (always w. {oil. obj.) one mposo (mi-) proposal ofmarriage, courtship. mpungate, mpungali (mi-) mpungate (species
who pounds/crushes/pulverizes. — mawa. mpyoro (wa-) 1. user of obscene language.
Cf. posa. of cactus, Opuntia
fie us).
2. one who exaggerates:
stonemason. 2. fig., coll. - mali (fedha). boaster, tale-
bearer; hypocrite, liar.
one who squanders property (money). Cf. mposta* \_Engl.J (wa-) rare post-office em- mpungufu (wa-) person with a defect, one
3. onewhosUs
off by using many English words
ponda. ployee. (= mtu wa posta). lacking or diffi-
Cf. posla. in some respect, mtu huyu -
wa cult and unusual
Swahili words.
akili. This person Cf. pyo r a
is stupid/foolish/
pyoro.
mpondo (mi-) (act of) crushing, grinding, mpotefu (wa-) see mpotevu. mentally defective. 2 punf, a
Cf. , punRuflI .
pulverizing. Cf. ponda.

mpotevu, mpotefu, mpotezi (wa-) spendthrift, mpupu (mi-) mpupu species of bean
(
Vaba*, maraba 1. ( mi _) square; rectangle>
pJant)
wastrel, libertine. - wa mali (fedha). one Mucuna pruriens cube.
mpondo (mi-) see pondo. or Canavalia ensifnrn,.;?).
_a _. square, rectaneular. perpen-
who squanders property (money). — wa ma- dicular, mistariya-. perpendicular lines.
neno. windbag, chatterbox, one who talks adj.
mponyeshaji, mponyi mpurukushani (wa-) 2. right (of an angle),
(wa-) 1. one who cures, ]. careless/negligent/ pembe -.
illogically. Cf. potea, potevu. right angle,
physician. slipshod person. pembetatu mraba.
2. quack. Cf. pona. 2. carefree/lighthearted right-
person. angled triangle.
Cf. purukusha, purukushani. Cf. mirabaraba.
mponyi (wa-) see mpotezi (wa-) see mpotevu.
mponyeshaji.
mpurule (mi-) 2
mpurule (a shrub> Chenopodium mraba*, maraba (mi-)
mpoto (mi-) (act of) twisting, braiding, knitting preserves, jam, mar-
sp.) malade.
mpopoo*, mpopo LPers.j (mi-) mpopoo pota.
_ wa tangawizi. candied ginger,
Cf.
(kind of palm, Areca catechu). Cf. popoo. njugu za -. peanut brittle.
mpururo (mi-) 1. (act of) rubbing/ s trip
mpotoe, mpotwe, mpotovu, mpotofu (wa-) stub- ping
off, shelling (peas, beans, etc.). rnrabaha* (mi-)
hist trading tax fcollected
^mpopoo (mi-) (act of) knocking something born/capricious/unprincipled person. Cf.
2. spin- ,
ning/paying out (thread through by the chief of a

down (w. a stick/stone). pota. the fingers). particular place for the
Cf. popoa.
3- a single file right to trade in that
(of people, etc.) Cf. pura. place).
mpororo (mi-) 1. single file, Indian file. mpotofu, mpotovu, mpotwe (wa-) see mpotoe.
"ipuzi (wa-) mradi* 1. mi .)
1. silly/frivolous person. {also muradi) intention)
(
2. row of tribal markings down the nose. '
2. chatterbox, gossip. plan, decision; desire,

mpozi (wa-) one who cures/heals, physician. 3. nagger, fault- ambition, goal;
finder. 2 (rare) whim, sasa
Cf. puza. ni mwalimu na ameti-
Mportugesi* L Engl. J (wa-) rare a Portu- Cf. poa.
miza-wake. Now he is a teacher and has
guese. (- Mreno.)
mpwa (wa-) nephew, niece (= child achieved his ambition.
mpujufu (wa-) mean/vile/shameless person. of one's 2. con/, and so,
sister). accordingly; since, because;
mposa (wa-) see mposaji. Cf. pujua, pujufu. provided that.
- amelala msimwamshe. Since he is
impweke (wa-) lonely /solitary person asleep do not wake him.
mposaji, mposa, mposi (wa-) one who pro- mpukuti (wa-) coll. money. pukuta. 3. adv., rare
Cf.
(without relatives). intentionally.
poses marriage, suitor. Cf. posa. Cf. peke.
mpumbavu, mpumbafu (wa-) stupid person,

2 mpweke mrajis* (ma-) see
person who acts on behalf of fool. pumbaa, pumbavu. (mi-) mpweke rais.
mposeaji (wa-) Cf. 1. (kind of hardwood
another in proposing marriage, matchmaker. tree). 2. short, thick stick or truncheon

mrama* (mi-) naut.
posa. mpunga (mi-) rice plant (Oryza sativa), (made from the wood of the pitching, rolling
(of a
Cf. mpweke tree).
ship), enda -. pitch, roll; (fig.)
(grains of) rice (while the plant is still 3. fig. difficulty. take a
wrong direction, go the
mposi (wa-) see mposaji. standing in the field). See also mchele, wrong way. mi-
mpyo Pango yetu imekwenda -. Our
wali. („,{.) rubber liana (Landolphia plans have
KirHa
gone awry.
mramba 350
351 msaali
mramba, mbaramba, mlamba (— ) ornith. mramba mrehani*, mrihani (sweet) basil mrihi, mriti m j.) mrihi
(mi-) bot. ( ( kind of tree produc .
mrongo (wa-) dial, liar, swindler.
ing good lumber for building See
(kind of starling). — mweupe. golden oriole. (Ocimum basilicum). purposes). also mwongo.
mrija (mi-) 1. mrija (kind of reed,

mranaa*, mranaha, mrenaha (ma-) 1. mranaa mrejaa*, mregaa (— ) commission business, used for mrua*, murua 1. (_) politeness, courtesy,
(kind of tree, Datura metel & Datura fastu- commission, biashara ya — commission making musical instruments and as
.
a obligingness, good behavior; respect,
osa). 2. rare ~ mwegea, q.v. business. Cf. rejea, rejareja. drinking tube). 2. pipe, flute (musical
deference. 2. (wa-) courteous, well-bred
instrument). 3. rare pipe, tube (in gen.).
person.
mranaha* (mi-) see mranaa. mrekani* L Engl. J (mi-) see merekani. 4. rec, elec. tube (radio, etc.). 5. (in
gen.) tube, straw (for drinking).
mruba (mi-), ruba (ma-) leech.
mreli* Engl. J (wa-) rare railroad worker,
Irr.rac* l
rr.i -^ 1. wick. 2. arch. rr.il. match \
railwayman. Cf. reli. mrili (mi-) mrili (kind of tree,

fuse, bunduki ya — . matchlock gun. used for mak- mrugaruga, rugaruga (wa-) 1. mil. irregular
ing dugout canoes).
soldier, guerrilla. 2. robber, plunderer.
mrembe (mi-) 1. wooden spear with a sharp
Anrao* L.? J (mi-) mrao (cool season, harvest
point, 2. arch. German military helmet, mrima* (mi-) 1. coast, coastal region, lit- mrukaji
time). (wa-) 1. sport jumper. 2. av., rare
Pickelhaube (Tanganyika). toral. 2. continent, mainland (as opp. to
flier, pilot. Cf. ruka.
islands). Cf. Kimrima, mmrima.
mrarua (wa-) one who tears something.
mrembo 1. (wa-) person who pays much at-
mruko (mi-) 1. jumping, jump.
Cf. raru a. 2. flight.
tention to his dress; fashion plate, fop. mrithi* (wa-) heir. Cf. rithi.
Cf. ruka.
2. (mi-) ornament, decoration ( = rembo).
mraruasanda (— ) ornith. nightjar (lit.:
mrithisha*, mrithishi
Cf. remba. (wa-) executor fo/ a Mruma*, Mrumi (wa-) Roman.
'shroud-tearer.'). ( = pvvaju.) Cf. rumi,
will, estate). Cf. rithi.
kirumi.
mrenaha (mi-) see mranaa.
mraruo (mi-) (act of) tearing, rending.
mrithishi* (wa-) see mrithisha. Mrusi* (wa-) a Russian.
Cf. raru a. mrengu (mi-) naut. outrigger. Cf. Kirusi, Urusi.
mriti (mi-) see mrihi. mrututi*, mrututu [indj

mrasharasha*, mrasho (mi-) sprinkling. — wa mreno* LPort. reino] (wa-) a Portuguese. (_) chem. copper
sulphate, blue vitriol.
mvua, mvua ya rasharasha. sprinkle, Cf. Reno.
mrizabu*, mlizabu (mi-) 1. channel, drain,
drizzle (of rain). Cf. rasha.
pipe. 2. water tap, faucet.
mrera (mi-) mrera (embroidered ornamenta- Cf. mlizamu. mrututu* (_) see mrututi.
tion on the collar of a kanzu).
mrashi* (mi-) 1. scent-bottle, spray.
mroho* (wa-) glutton, greedy person (pne
who msaada* (mi-) help, aid, assistance,
2. scent, perfume. Cf. rasha. support.
eats more than his share).
mreteni (mi-) bot. juniper. Cf. roho. - wa fedha. financial assistance/support.
mrasharasha.
- wa iktisadi. economic aid. _ wa
mrasho (mi-) see ki-
mriba (mi-) mriba (leaf of the sweet potato mronge (mi-) mronge (horse-radish tree, fundi. technical assistance.
Cf. saidia.
plant, eaten as a vegetable). Moringa pterigosperma).
mratabu* (mi-) mratabu (species of plum tree,
msaajaji* (wa-) see
Achras zapota). mridhia* (wa-) see maridhia. msaidizi.
mrongo (wa-) young person of either
sex
who has been through the initiation rites, msaala* (_) see
mregaa* (— ) see mrejaa. mrihani* (mi-) see mrehani. masahala.
one who is experienced in matters of sex.
Cf. msungo.
msadikifu 352 msakamo msako 353 msangao
msadikifu*
msako (mi-) hunting, trapping. saka.
(wa-) 1. trusting/friendly per- ^msago adv. see * sago.
Cf. msamba (mi-) anat. perineum. (= kilako.)
son. 2. trustworthy/reliable person.
Cf. sadiki, sadikifu. msala* (mi-) 1. Isl. prayer mat. msambalc

^msaha* crowbar.
2. (in (mi-) msambale (flowering shrub,
(mi-) 1. 2. spade, shovel.
gen.) oval/round mat. Cf. sala. Lobelia fervens).
msafa* (mi-) see safu.
2msaha* (-) see mdhaha.
msala* (mi-) toilet, Fv.C.
msambia (mi-) msambia (kind of tree with
enda msalani.
msafara* (mi-) 1. caravan. 2. journey, ex- edible fruit).
go to the toilet.
msahafu*, msafu (mi-) 1. book (us. the
pedition. 3. crowd of people, nimekutana
Koran). 2. rare page, leaf. 3. rare
na — wa watu wakitoka mpirani. I met a msalaba* msameha* (wa-) see msamehaji.
(mi-) hist., rel. cross, ishara
Bible. Cf. sahifa.
big crowd of people coming from the font,
ya -. sign of the cross. Lhama cha Msa-
ball game. Cf. safiri, safari. msamehaji*, msameha
laba Mwekundu. Bed Cross Society. (wa-) forgiving/indul-
msahala* (mi-) med. laxative, purgative.
gent person. Cf. samehe.
Cf. sulibi.
msafihi*, msafii (wa-) impudent/insolent/
msahau*, msahaulifu, msahaulizi (wa-) for-
rude/ill-bred person. Cf. safihi.
msalata*, msaliti
msamehe* (mi-) see msamaha.
(wa-) 1. traitor, slanderer;
getful/absent-minded person. Cf. sahau.
one who makes a false accusation. 2. des-
msafii* (wa-) see msafihi. pot.
msamilo (mi-) msamilo (a kind of
Cf. salata. wooden
msahaulifu* (wa-) see msahau.
headrest or pillow).
msafiri* (wa-) traveler. Cf. safiri.

msalheri* salutation Good morning, etc.
msahaulizi* (wa-) see msahau.
Cf. heri. msana (mi-) dial, passage, corridor.
msafirishaji* (wa-): — mali. econ. exporter. (
= ukumbi.)
msaidia* (wa-) see msaidizi.
Cf. safiri. msalihina*, msalikhina (wa-) (also salihina,
wa-) 1. honest/incorruptible person. 2 msana*
msaidizi*, msaidia (wa-) metal worker, smith.
(wa-) 1. helper, assis-
msafishaji* (wa-) 1. cleaner, charwoman 2. pious/devout person.
tant. — wa hospitali. nurse's aid. 2. ac-
Cf. salihi. - chuma. blacksmith. Cf. 2 sana#
— choo. latrine cleaner. 2. medical
complice. Cf. saidia.
orderly. Cf. safi. msalikhina* (wa-) see msalihina. msanaa*, msa ni, msanii (wa-) skillful/compe-
msaji* (mi-) teak tree (Tectona grandis). tent craftsman, specialist.
Cf. sanaa.
msafu* (mi-) see msahafu. msalimina*, msalimu (wa-) 1. pious/devout
person (of any faith). 2. rare Moslem msanaka
msaka (wa-) see msakaji. (mi-) msanaka (species of pine,
msaga, msagi (wa-) miller. Cf. saga. = M wislamu).
( Cf. silimu. Pandanus sp.).
msakaji, msaka, msasi (wa-) driver, hunter,

msagaliwa (wa-) an impotent male who acts msalimu* (wa-) msanapiehi, msanapiti
see msalimina. (mi-) frangipane/jas-
Cf. saka.
as a servant to women, eunuch {lit. grinder
mine tree (Plumeria acuminata).
of sandalwood; cf. saga, liwa). msaliti* (wa-) see msalata.
Msakalawa* (wa-) inhabitant of (the west
msandali* ( mi .) sandalwood tree.
coast of) Madagascar. Cf. sandali.
msagi (wa-) see msaga. msamaha*, msamehe (mi-), masamaha pi.
1. forgiveness, pardon. (= ghofira.) msandarusi* (mi-) (gum-)copal tree.

msakamo (mi-) sticking, jamming. Cf. sa- Cf. sa -
^msago (mi-) grinding [of meal, flour). 2. liberation, deliverance, salvation. ndarusi.
kama.
Cf. saga. Cf. samehe.
msangao (mi-) see mshangao.
mshabaha 355
354
mshabaha* (mi-) similarity, resemblance. msharika* (wa-) see mshirika.

msani* (wa-) see msanaa. msemi (wa-) 1 - msemaji. 2. speaker
Cf. Ishabaha.
(parliament), 3. spokesman. — wao. their
spokesman, yeye ni — wa chama cha kikomu- mshaufu* (wa-) 1. shameless/ill-mannered

msanii*, msanifu (wa-) 1. - msanaa. 2. fig.
mshabiki* (wa-) enthusiast, mtu huyu — sana person. 2. frivolous/ostentatious person.
one who invents and spreads lies. Cf. nisti katika baraza la kufanya sheria. He
wa karata. He is an enthusiastic/inveter- shaua, shaufu.
is the spokesman of the communist group Cf.
sanaa, sanifu.
ate cardplayer.
in the legislative body. Cf. sema.
mshauri* (wa-) 1. advisor, counsellor.
msapata* L Port. J (mi-) msapata (kind of
mshadhari* (-) see mshazari. — wa mambo
msemo (mi-) 1. speech, address. 2 conver- ya sheria. legal advisor,
dance).
counsel. 2. pol. representative, deputy,
sation. 3. dialect; (rare) language. 4. ut-
mshahara* (— mi-) payment, remuneration;
,
delegate- _ m. upandc v.a serikali. k<jv-
msaro (mi-) msaro (species of thorn tree). terance; saying, maxim; expression, idiom.
(monthly, weekly) salary, wages; income. ernment delegate.
5. slogan, watchword. sema. Cf. shauri.
Cf.
msasa (mi-) 1. msasa (Ficus sp., the leaves

mshairi* (wa-) poet. Cf. shairi, ushairi. mshawishi*
see msengenyi. 1. (wa-) tempter, seducer.
of which are used for smoothing wood). msengenya (wa-)
2. (mi-) rare - shawishi. 3. pol. agi-
2. sandpaper, emery paper, meza hii hai-
mshakiki*, mshikaki (mi-) 1. spit, skewer.
underhanded assailant, tator. Cf. shawishi.
kupigwa — vizuri. This table is not smooth msengenyaji (wa-) 1.
2. piece of meat roasted on a skewer.
(has not been well sanded). calumniator. 2. fig., rel. the devil, Satan.
mshazari*, mshadhari 1 (— ) tape, cord,
Cf. sengenya.
mshale (mi-) 1. arrow. — wa sumu. poisoned string; edging, braid; hem 2. (— ) twist,
msasi (wa-) see msakaji.
arrow. 2. fig. ray. — wa nuru. ray of sun- bend, curve, slant, mstari wa — oblique
msengenyano (mi-) talebearing, backbiting; .
light. 3. sting (of a bee, etc.). 4. hand,

sengenya. line. 3. adv. slanting, oblique; lopsided,
msazo (mi-) 1. remainder, remains, remnant. dissension, quarrel, dispute. Cf.
pointer, indicator. crooked; cylindrical, fig..- mambo yake
2. fig., rare remains, corpse. Cf. "saa.
msengenyi, msengenya (wa-) gossip, tale-
siku hizi yanakwenda — . His affairs are
mshamo (mi-) 1. stick for digging holes. not in order at present (have not gone well,
msegese (mi-) msegese (kind of tree, Bau- bearer. Cf. sengenya.
2. crowbar. 3. naut. marline spike. turned out badly). 4. (wa-) fig. deformed
hinia Tkonningii; the wood is used for mak-
person.
ing bedsteads, and a remedy for bronchitis msengenyo (mi-) rumor, gossip, slander,
mshangao, msangao (mi-) {also ushangao)
is prepared from the roots). calumny. Cf. sengenya.
1. astonishment, amazement. 2. confu- mshelisheli* [< Seychelles] (mi-) msheli-
sion, speechlessness. Cf. shangaa. sheli (species of breadfruit tree).
mseja (wa-) 1. unmarried man, bachelor. msetiri (wa-) see ^mstiri.
Cf. ^-useja. 2. a necklace of small beads.

msharafu* (wa-) an honored/respected per- mshemali* (wa-) an Arab from Muscat.
useja. mseto (mi-) 1. mseto (a porridge made of
Cf.
son. Cf. sharifu.
beans cooked together with various grains,
maize, or rice), 2. fig. a mixture, pol.: mshenga (wa-) 1. go-between, matchmaker
msema (wa-) see msemaji.
msharasi (mi-) awl. (one who arranges a marriage
serikali ya — . a government including the for someone
representatives of various tribes/parties, else). 2. messenger, agent, confidant,
msemaji, msema (wa-) 1. narrator, speaker,
mshari* (wa-) an unlucky person, jinx (some-
orator. 2. recent, pol. information officer, coalition government. Cf. seta.
one who causes misfortune or injury to other mshenzi* [Pers.] (wa-)
spokesman. — wa mkutano huu. the, 1. aboriginal,
people). Cf. ^hari. native (from the interior).
speaker at this meeting. 3. commentator. msewe (mi-) 1. msewe (a kind of bush bear- 2. savage, bar-
4. - msemi. sema. ing pods which are used as rattles). barian. 3. (also mtu — ) uncouth/uncivi-
Cf.
msharifu* (mi-) see kisharifu. lized/nondescript person.
2. msewe (rattles worn by dancers). 4. inter], -we!
3. child's rattle. 4. kind of large drum. You scoundrel! Cf. shenzi.
shihi 356 mshipi
Mshirazi 357 mshupavu
mshihiri* (wa-) an Arab from Sheher (South mshinde (wa-) see mshindwa.
Mshirazi* (wa-) a descendant of Persians
Arabia).
mshtaka* (mi-) complaint, accusation, charge,
from Shiraz.
Cf. shtaki.
mshindi (wa-) see mshinda, mshindaji.
mshika, mshiki (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.)
mshirika*, mshiriki, msharika (wa-)
1. part- mshtaki*, mstaki, mshitaki (wa-)
one who holds something. — sukani. mshindikizo (mi-) 1. accompaniment. 2. es- 1. tale-
ner, joint-owner. - biashara. business bearer, informer. 2. jur.
1. naut. helmsman. 2. driver (of an cort (for protection), guard. 3. retinue, at- plaintiff.
partner. 2. (mi-) partnership. Cf. shiriki. Cf. shtaki.
automobile). 3. pilot (of an airplane). tendants. Cf. ^shinda.
— filimbi. sport, rare referee, umpire.

mshiriki* (wa-, mi-) see mshirika. mshtakiwa*, mshitakiwa (wa-)
— duru. leader of the duru ceremony mshindilio (mi-) 1. (act of) pushing, forcing, jur. accused,
defendant. Cf. shtaki.
(drinking by turn). Cf. shika. stuffing (e.g., clothes into a suitcase).
""" """ \""i-, aupcisuuous person (one
2. mil. loading (a gun, cannon).
who believes in magic and sorcery). Mshtarii* (_) astr. Jupiter.
mshikaki* (mi-) see mshakiki. Cf. ^shinda.
Cf. shiriki.
mshtiri*, mshitiri, mstiri (wa-)

mshikano (mi-) 1. mass, accumulation, mshindio (mi-) 1. (act of) working the woof/ 1. buyer
mshitaki* (wa-) see mshtaki. (usually at auction).
weft into the warp in weaving. 2. woof/ 2. jur. client.
group. 2. cluster, bunch (of fruit, etc. ).
Cf. shika. weft. Cf. ^shinda.

mshitakiwa* (wa-) see mshtakiwa. mshtuko, mstuko (mi-) 1. sudden fright, con-
vulsion, wincing, flinching.
mshiki (wa-) see mshika. mshindo (mi-) 1. (sudden, loud) noise: crash, 2. shock,
mshitiri* (wa-) see mshtiri. stroke.
bang, rumble, etc. — wa miguu ya farasi. 3. sprain. 4. fig., elec. (elec-
trical) shock,
the trample of horses. — wa ngoma. beat- Cf. shtua.
mshikilizo, mshikizo (mi-) (act of) tacking/
mshokishoki (mi-) mshokishoki (kind of tree
ing of a drum. 2. shouting, outcry, din.
basting together (in dressmaking). bearing edible fruit, Nephelium lappaceum). mshtuo, mstuo
— wa watu walio (katika mkutano) mkuta- (mi-) cause of fright/shock.
Cf. shika.
Cf. shokishoki. Cf. shtua.
noni. noise of people in a crowd. 3. phy.
mshikizo (mi-) see orgasm. Cf. shinda.

mshikilizo. mshona (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who mshubiri (mi-) see msubili.
sews. - nguo. tailor, dressmaker. -
mshindwa, mshinde (wa-) one who is defeated/ viatu.
mshinda, mshindi. (wa-) 1. victor. 2. winner
shoemaker. Cf. shona. mshuko (mi-) descent, lowering, decline.
beaten/conquered. Cf. shinda. 1.
(sport). Cf. ^shinda.
2. sinking. - wa jua. sunset. 3. fig.,
mshonaji (wa-) see mshoni. rare end, conclusion.
mshipa (mi-) anat. 1. vein, artery. 2. pulse. Cf. shua.
mshindaji, mshindi (wa-) 1. victor, con-
— unapiga. the pulse beats. 3. nerve.
queror. 2. rival, competitor. Cf. shinda.
mshongo (wa-) passionate person (usually mshuku* (mi-) chewing tobacco.
4. muscle, sinew, tendon. 5. any illness in
a sexual sense). Cf. shonga.
mshindani, mshindanizi (wa-) 1. opponent, involving the nerves or muscles, maradhi
ya — neuralgia, sciatica. 6. (— wa utu- mshulu* (mi-) see shuru.

adversary, rival, prov. asiyekubali ku- .
mshoni, mshonaji (wa-) one who sews. - wa

shindwa si — . The man who is not willing mbo kutokeza) hernia, 7.: — wa maji. hy-
drocele.
nguo. tailor. - wa viatu. shoemaker. mshumaa* (mi-) candle, washa (zima) -.
to be beaten is no adversary. 2. partici-
Cf. shona. light (extinguish) a candle,
pant in a contest. 3. stubborn/contentious kinara cha -.
mshipi (mi-) 1. band, cord, strip (of cloth). candlestick.
person. Cf. shinda.
mshono (mi-) 1. sewing. 2. seam, suture.
2. belt. 3. suspenders, braces. 4. fish-
3. ready-made clothing. Cf. shona, ma- mshupavu (wa-) 1. tough/hardy/courageous
mshindano (mi-) see shindano. ing-line.
shona. person. 2. energetic/resolute person.
3. obstinate/persevering person. Cf. shu-
paa, shupavu.
358 msimamizi
msimbo 359 msokoto
mshuru* (mi-) see shuru. msiga (mi-) msiga (kind of tree, Dobera loran-
thifolia; twigs from this tree are used for msimbo (wa-), kisimbo (vi-) 1. bad reputa- msinzi, msindi, msizi (mi-) msinzi (species
mshurutisho* (mi-) pressure, force, compul- cleansing the teeth). tion/character, assumed name, pseud-
2. of mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata;
a red
sion. Cf. shuruti. onym (to disguise a name dye
of bad repute). is prepared from the bark, and the trunk
msikiaji (wa-) listener, auditor. Cf. sikia. is used for boat-building).
mshushio (mi-) see mshusho. msimiko (mi-) phy. erection. Cf. simama.
msikilivu, msikivu (wa-) tractable/docile/ msio (mi-) msio (soft coral stone, used for
mshusho, mshushio (mi-) 1. (act of) lowering, obedient person. Cf. sikia, sikilivu. msimu*, musimu (mi-) 1. northeast monsoon. massaging the skin).
discharging. 2. phy. ejaculation, orgasm. 2. msimu (season of the northeast mon-
Cf. shua. msikilizaji, msikizi (wa-) 1. listener, auditor. soon). 3. (in gen.) period, season (esp. msiri* (wa-) 1. confidant, intimate friend.
'I. attentive person. sikia. w. re f. to agriculture), sasa - wa embe. 1
Cf. ni 2. secret agent, accomplice. Cf. s iri.
msia, mzia (mi-) msia (kind of fish similar to Now is the mango-harvesting season.
an eel), msikilizano (mi-) 1. audibility. 2. fig. 4. rec. semester. msirisha (mi-) msirisha (a plant from which
(mutual) understanding. Cf. sikia. a black dye is made, Euclea multiflora).
msiba* (mi-) 1. misfortune, affliction, dis- msimulizi* (wa-) 1. narrator, storyteller. (- mdaa.)
tress; accident, disaster, calamity, prov. msikiti*, meskiti (mi-) Isl. mosque. 2. rec. reporter, correspondent. l
Cf. s i-
hakuna — usio mwenziwe. A misfortune sel- mulia, simulizi. msisimko (mi-) gooseflesh, tingling (from
dom comes alone. 2. poverty. 3. sadness, msikivu (wa-) see msikilivu. fright or excitement). (= kimbimbi.)
grief; mourning, shikwa (patwa) na — mkuu msindi (mi-) see msinzi. Cf. simua.
(mkubvva). be overcome by great sorrow, msikizi (wa-) see msikilizaji.
pa mkono wa— . condole with someone, ex- msindikizo (mi-) (act of) accompanying/ msitamu*, mstamu (mi-) naut. keelson.
press sympathy, nguo za — . mourning dress. msikundazi (mi-) msikundazi (kind of tree; speeding a departing guest. Cf. Jshinda,
2 wood msitiri*
Cf. sibu. the is used for building boats). shindikizo 3. (wa-) see Imstiri.
Imsibu* (wa-) one who causes sorrow/mis- msikwao (wa-) ( < si + ^kwao) 1. homeless msindusi (mi-) msindusi (kind of tree). msitu (mi-) land covered with low, shrubby
person, wanderer, vagrant. 2. fig., pol. vegetation, bush. red. misitumisitu.
fortune. Cf. îbu.
cosmopolitan. msinga (mi-) msinga (kind of hardwood tree).
brushwood, undergrowth, thicket. Cf. mwitu.
^msibu* (wa-) one who foretells, prophet.

msilimu* (wa-) see mwislamu. msingefuri (mi-) see mzingefuri.
msiwana (wa-) ( < si + wana) childless
4 sibu.
Cf.
person. Cf. mwana.
msimacho (wa-) (<si + macho) obtuse msingi, mzingi, msinji (mi-) 1. ditch, trench,
msichana (wa-) young girl (who has reached
person, wilfully blind person. pit, drain. 2. foundation, msizi (mi-) see msinzi.
jenga -. lay
puberty). Cf. kisichana.
the cornerstone /foundation. 3. fig. basis,
msimamizi (wa-) 1. overseer. 2. superin- essence, substance (of a thing). 4. mus.
msoa (mi-) large gathering/company
msifu* (wa-) flatterer, eulogist. — mno.
tendent, manager, administrator. 3. ad- key, clef. (of people).
toady, sycophant, lickspittle. Cf. ^sifa,
vocate, defender; attorney. 4. rare pro-
sifu.
tector. Cf. simama. msinji (mi-) see msingi. msokoto (mi-) 1. (act of) twisting, twining
(thread, etc.). 2. something twisted: curl,

braid. 3. fig.: - wa tumbo. stomachache,
colic. Cf. sokota.
solo 360 mstahivu
mstaki 361 msukumizi
msolo (mi-) msolo (kind of thorny bush, msongano, msonge (mi-) 1. (act of) pushing/
mstaki* (wa-) see mshtaki. msul'i* (mi-) kapok tree (Bombax rhodogna-
Caesalpinia cristata). Cf. solo. shoving/crowding. 2. crowd, mass (of
phalon). Cf. sufi, usufi.
people or things). Cf. songa.
mstamu* (wa-) see msitamu.
^msoma (wa-) {always w. foil, obj.) one who
msonge (mi-) see msongano. msuka (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who
reads. — gazeti. reader (of a newspaper). mstarehe* (— ) see mustarehe.
plaits/braids. — miketa. mat-weaver.
Cf. soma.
msongi (mi-) see msonga. — nywele. hair-braider. Cf, -^suka,
mstari* (mi-) 1. line, row. - wa kitako.
2msoma (mi-) msoraa (kind of dance). base line, karatasi ya mistari. lined/ruled
msongo (mi-) 1. (act of) twisting/squeezing/ -msuka (mi-) 1. the part of a tool which fits
paper, piga -. draw a line. _a -. lined/
compressing. 2. crowd, throng, mass. ™1.J O ...1... rr I . . .
into rhe handlp r
9 : ê spike of a (native)
3. fig. confusion, disorder. Cf. songa. hoe.
lecturer. Cf. soma.
mstatili* (mi-) oblong, rectangle.
msongora (wa-) coll. policeman. msukani* (wa-) 1. naut. helmsman.
msomeshaji, msomeshi (wa-) 1. rare - mso-
2. driver (of a vehicle). Cf. usukani.
maji. 2. teacher, tutor. Cf. soma. mstiri*, msitiri, mseliri (wa-) one who hides/
msono, msonyo (mi-) msono (a whistling in-
conceals/makes a secret of something.
take of breath, indicating contempt or de- ^msukano (mi-) quarrel, disagreement, dis-
msomeshi (wa-) see msomeshaji. Cf. sliri.
rision). Cf. fyonya. sension. 2 su ka.
Cf.
msomi (wa-) see msomaji. ^mstiri* (wa-) see mshtiri.

msonobari* (mi-) see msunobari.
Ansukano (mi-) see msukwano.
msomo (mi-) 1. (act of) reading. 2. reading mstuko* (mi-) see mshtuko.
msonyo (mi-) see msono.
subject (of study).
msuki (wa-) see msusi.
matter. 3. studying. 4.
5. rare class, lesson ( = masomo). Cf. mstuo (mi-) see mshtuo.

Mspain* tEngl. J (Wa-) Spaniard.
1
soma. msuko, msukosuko (mi-) 1. (act of) braid-
Msuaheli* (Wa-) ing, plaiting, twisting. 2. braid, pigtail;

mstaarabu* (wa-) 1. civilized/cultivated see Mswahili.
msonde (rare msondo) (mi-) msonde (large plaited work. 3. fig. unrest, movement;
person. 2. pi. intelligentsia. Cf. staa-
drum). Cf. msondo. msuaki*, mswaki (mi-) 1. a twig or stick disorder, fracas, riot. 4. fig. % naut. roll-
rabu.
used to clean the teeth. 2. rec. tooth-
ing, tossing (of a ship). Cf. Isuka, 2 su <a
| .
msondo (mi-) 1. rare - msonde* 2. msondo brush.

mstadi* (wa-) skilled craftsman; specialist,
(a dance performed at the initiation rites "msuko (mi-) msuko (kind
expert. Cf. stadi. of tree; the leaves
for girls). 3. msondo (a kind of tall fez, msuani (mi-) msuani (shroud for women). are used to prepare a medicine).
formerly worn by police). 4. loud, booming
mstafeli* Llnd. J (mi-) mstafeli (soursop
noise (of a drum, cannon). Annona muricata). 2. = mtopetope. msubili*, mshubiri (mi-) aloe plant. Cf. su- msukosuko (mi-) see msuko.
tree,
bili.
msonga, msongi (mi-) (always w. foil, obj.) msukumano (mi-) pushing, shoving; crowd,
mstahifu* (wa-) see mstahivu.
one who pushes/urges. — mbele. one who msubukuo (mi-) (act of) poking (with the finger, throng. Cf. sukuma, 2 su ka.
presses forward. Cf. songa. who as a sign of contempt), piga — poke,
mstahivu*, mstahifu (wa-) 1. a person .
a person who nudge, Cf. subukua. msukumizi (wa-)

respects/esteems others. 2. 1. one who incites/causes
is respected/esteemed. Cf. stahi, stahivu. trouble. 2. unfair/impetuous person.
Cf. sukuma, suka.
msukwano 362 mtakadamu
Mswahili 363
msukwano*, msukano (mi-) 1. shaft of a drill. msungululu (mi-) msungululu (poisonous

Mswahili*, Msuaheli (wa-) a speaker of Swa- mtafuni (wa-) one who chews.
2. pouch in which a drill is kept. plant used for medicinal purposes, Stro- Cf. tafuna.
hili. Cf. Swahili, Kiswahili, Uswahili.
phantus eminii).
mtafuno (mi-) (act of) chewing. Cf. tafuna.
msuli* (wa-) hist. Arab trader from the Per-
mswaki* (mi-) see msuaki.
sian Gulf (who arrives in his dhow with the *msunguti (mi-) msunguti (kind of tree,
mtafura*, mtafara (mi-) crupper (leather loop
Northeast Moonsoon and returns with the A cokanthera longiflora). mtaa* (mi-) 1. district, quarter (of a city). passing under the horse's tail and buckled
Southwest Moonsoon).
kaa — mmoja. live in the same part of to the saddle).
•'msunguti, mchunguti (mi-) something town, be neighbors. 2. rare state (as an

msuluhifu* (wa-) see msuluhivu.
strong/highly flavored (tobacco, coffee, administrative or territorial unit). mtafutaji* (wa-) one who searches. Cf. tafuta.
etc.). C]. "-chungu ('?).
msuluhisha* (wa-) see msuluhivu.

mtaala* (mi-) learning, study. Cf. taali. mtago (mi-) (act of) laying (eggs). ^taga.
Cf.
msunobari*, msonobari (mi-) 1. (imported)
msuluhishi* (wa-) see msuluhivu. mtaguso
pine, fir (timber). 2. rare kind of tree mtaalamu* (wa-) 1. educated person, scholar, (mi-) dial, council, assembly, debate.
(flamboyant, ironwood). scientist. 2. rec. intellectual, mwandishi — mkuu. rel. ecumenical council.
msuluhivu*, msuluhifu, msuluhisha, msuluhishi
-. special correspondent. Cf. taalamu,
(wa-) conciliator, arbitrator, mediator,
msnraki, msuruaki (mi-) wooden peg on a elimu. mtahamari* (wa-) rare drunkard. (= mlevi.)
peacemaker. — wa vita, negotiator at a
clog or sandal (passing between the toes
peace conference. Cf. suluhu. mtahini* one who tests, examiner.
and holding the clog on the foot). mtaawa* (wa-) see mtawa. (wa-)
Cf. mlihani.
msumari*, msomari (mi-) 1. sting(er) (of an
msuruaki (mi-) see msuraki. mtabibu* (wa-) see tabibu.
insect). 2. nail, peg, pin. pigilia (ng'oa)
mtai (mi-) 1. scratch, abrasion, (superficial)
— drive (pull out) a nail. 3.: — wa para-
.
msusi, msuka, msuki (wa-) one who braids/ mtabiri* (wa-) 1. one who reports (news, wound. 2. (small) incision, piga — . to
fujo. rare screw. 4. spur (of a boot).
twists, msuka mikcka. mat-weaver, events). 2. commentator. 3. prophet,
scratch.
msusj wa nywele. (women's) hairdresser. soothsayer. 4. forecaster. — wa hewa.

Msumbiji* Mozambique. *suka. mtaimbo, mtalimbo
Cf. weather forecaster, meteorologist. (mi-) iron bar, crowbar,
Cf. ta-
biri. lever, handspike.
msumbufu (wa-) 1. annoying/importunate per-
*msusu (mi-) tail feathers (of a bird).
son, one who causes exasperation in others. mtajaji (wa-) pol. candidate (for election to
mtafara* (mi-) see mtafura.
2. one who is exasperated/angry. Cf. su» public office). Cf. taja.
'msusn (mi-) msusu (kind of tree; the roots
mbufu, sumbua.
mtafaruku* (mi-) rare disagreement, differ-
are used to prepare a medicine),
ence of opinion, quarrel, dispute. mtajiri* (wa-) see tajiri.
msumeno (mi-) saw. piga (kata kwa) — . to
saw. — wa kitanda. bow-saw, frame-saw. ^msuto (mi-) charge, accusation. Cf. ^suta.
mtaka, mtakaji
mtafitafi* (wa-) gossip, talebearer. (wa-) one who asks for some-
Cf. ta-
unga wa — . sawdust. Cf. kisu, jino.
fiti.
thing: applicant, petitioner, prov.: — yote
^msuto* (mi-) see kisutu. hukosa yote. He who asks for everything
msungo (wa-) boy or girl who has not been receives nothing. Cf. ^taka.
mtafiti* (wa-) inquisitive/impertinent person.
through the initiation rites, a person inex- msuzo (mi-) wooden handle (by which the
Cf. tafiti.
perienced in matters of sex. Cf. *mrongo, upper stone of a hand-mill is turned). mtakadamu* (wa-) see kadamu.
usungo.
mtakaji 364 mtambua
itamb
itambu mtapo
365
mtakaji (wa-) see mtaka. Imtambaa (wa-) (usually w. foil, adjunct) mtambuu* [ind., Pers.l (mi-) betel plant mtangazi, mtangazaji (wa-) 1. one who pub-
creeper, crawler. — chini. coll. snake. (Piper betel). Cf. tambuu. licly announces or proclaims something.
mtakalamu* (wa-) see mutakalamu. — jongoo, kind of tree (the wood is used 2. commentator, announcer (radio).
to make hoe handles). — miti. a climbing mtambuzi, mtambua (wa-) 1. knowledgeable/ Cf. tangaa.
mtakaso (mi-) 1. cleansing, purification. plant. Cf. nambaa. well-informed person. 2. interpreter, com-
2. fig. menstruation. Cf. takata. mentator. Cf. tambua, tambuzi. mtange (mi-) beam (of scales, balance).
^mtambaa (mi-) see kitambaa.

mtakatifu (wa-) 1. a pure/clean person. mtanashati* (wa-) well-dressed person, one 1
mtango (mi-) cucumber plant. Cf. ^tango.
2. rel. saint, takata, takatifu. with good taste in clothing. Cf. tanashati.
Cf. mtambaazi (— ) see mtambazi.
^mtango (mi-) wandering, idling, loitering,
mtakawa (mi-) mtakawa (kind of tulip tree, mtanda, mtandi (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.)
mtambatamba (wa-) braggart, show-off. vagrancy. Cf. nanga.
Thespesia populned). tamba.
one who spreads. — miongo. spreader of
Cf.
lies, gossip, talebearer. Cf. tanda. mtangulizi (wa-) one who precedes/leads the
mtalaleshi* (wa-), talaleshi (ma-) 1. prosti- mtambazi, mtambaazi (— ) 1. insect. way: leader; herald, harbinger; forerunner,
tute. 2. procurer, procuress. 3. slander- = mdudu). 2, (mnyama — ) reptile. mtande (mi-) 1. something spread out. precursor, predecessor; (rel.) John the Bap-
(
er, talebearer. Cf. utalaleshi. Mambaa, tambazi. 2. a strip of meat or fish laid out to dry. tist. Cf, tangulia.
Cf.
3. (weaver's) loom (= kitanda cha mfumi).
mtalawanda (mi-) 1. species of tree. mtambika (wa-) see mtambikaji. Cf. tanda. mtanguo (mi-) see kitanguo.
2. (wooden) clog.
mtambikaji, mtambika (wa-) one who makes mtandi (wa-) see mtanda. mtani* (wa-) 1. member of a family/clan/
mtali (mi-) (silver) anklet. offerings/performs sacrifices. Cf. tambika. tribe. 2. relative. 3. fellow countryman,
mtandio (mi-) mtandio (kind of shawl worn compatriot, conational. 4. close friend
mtalimbo (mi-) see mtaimbo. mtambiko (mi-) act of making an offering to by women). Cf. tanda. (of one's own age-group), hawezi kukasi-
propitiate the spirits of the dead. Cf. ta- rika, kwa sababu ni — wangu. He can't be
mbika. mtando (mi-) 1. (act of) spreading. 2. ex-, angry; he is my mtani. Cf. tania, utani,
Imtama (mi-) mtama (kind of millet, kafir
pansion, extension. Cf. tanda. watani.
corn, sorghum). — mtindi. half-grown sor-
ghum. — mtete. sorghum which has not mtambo (mi-) 1. arch, (spring) trap.
quite ripened, prov. penye kuku wengi 2. spring, compression spring. — wa Mtanganyika (wa-) inhabitant of Tanganyika. mtapishi (mi-) med. emetic. Cf. tapika.
bunduki. lock/action of a gun. 3. mecha-

usimwage — . Where there are many
chickens one should not spill millet.
nism, drive. — wa saa. works of a watch/ ntangatanga, mtanga (wa-) 1. wanderer, mtapisho (mi-) mtapisho (a kind of shrub
clock. — wa stimu. elec. switch, commu- tourist. 2. vagabond. Cf. nanga. used in preparing an emetic). Cf. tapika.
tator, 4. machine, motor, engine, (in gen.).

^rntama (mi-) see 5 tama.
— wa kupiga chapa. (printing-)press. — wa ntangawizi (mi-) ginger plant (Zingiber offi- ^mtapo (mi-) mtapo (kind of palm, Cycas
reli. railw. switch, points. — wa kurushia cinale). Cf. tangawizi. Thouarsii).
mtamani* (wa-) 1. ambitious/pushy person.
maneno. radio transmitter. 5. factory,
2. greedy /lustful person. Cf. tamani.
plant. ntangazaji (wa-) see mtangazi.
'mtapo (mi-) ore (iron, gold, silver).
mtamba (mi-) female animal which has not

mtambua (wa-) see mtambuzi.
yet produced young. — wa ng'ombe. heifer.
mtapo 366 mleja mtenge
Ueka 367
^mtapo mtawala*, mtawalaji, mtawali (wa-) ruler, mteka (rare mtekaji) (wa-) (always w. foil, ^mtemi, mtema (wa-)
(mi-) shivering, trembling (- kitapo). one who spits out/ex-
Cf. Itapa. governor. — mmoja, autocrat, absolute obj.) one who takes away. — maji. water- pectorates/coughs up blood. '
Cf. tema.
monarch. Cf. tawala. carrier, one who draws water. — mateka.
marauder, plunderer. Cf. teka.
mtapta* tEngl. j (wa-) coll. interpreter, '^rnterni (wa-) arch, mtemi (title of a chief in
= mfasiri.) mtawalaji* (wa-) see mtawala.
translator. ( Tanganyika).
mtekaji (wa-) rare see mteka.
mtawali* (wa-) see mtawala.

mtaro (mi-) 1. agr. terrace, terracing. mtemo (mi-) (act of) cutting (up, off), carving;
mteketeo, mteketezo (mi-) 1. great fire,
2. ditch. slash. 2 t ema.
Cf.
mtawalia*, mtawalio adv. continuously, per- holocaust. 2. fig. destruction, devasta-
sistently; consecutively, in succession. tion. Cf. fpkptpj.,

mtasbihi* (mi-) mtasbih; (kind of plant, Csr.r.c
^mtemo (mi-) 1. (act of) spitting out/expec-
indica; the seeds are used for Moslem rosa-
torating/coughing up, 2. rare matter spit
mtawanya (wa-) one who spends lavishly, mteketezo (mi-) see mteketeo.
ries). Cf. tasbihi.
generous person. tawanya. out/coughed up, phlegm, etc. Cf. Mema.
Cf.
mtelemko, mteremko (mi-) 1. (act of) going

mtashi (wa-) one who asks/begs/pleads mtenda (wa-) (always w.
mtawanyo (act of) scattering, strew- foil, obj.) one who
(mi-) 1. down, descending. 2. declivity, slope,
earnestly /importunately. Cf. ^taka.
sowing. tawanya.
does something. — kazi. rare worker.
ing. 2. Cf. Cf. telemua.
— dhambi. rel. sinner. Cf. tenda.
mtata (mi-) 1. mtata (an ornamental plant,
mtazamaji (wa-) spectator, observer.
also used to make torches). 2. a torch înterna (wa-) see Wemi.
mtendaji (wa-) 1. energetic/enterprising per-
Cf. tazama.
(made from this plant). son. — working man, workman.
kazi.
înterna (wa-) see 2 m temi.
2. comm. activist. Cf. tenda.
mtazamo (mi-) observation, inspection.
mtatago (mi-) 1. small bridge (usually con-
Cf. tazama.
sisting of a tree trunk). 2. (act of) cross- mtemba (mi-) tobacco pipe. mtende (mi-) date palm. Cf. 2t entJ e-
ing; walking with long strides. Cf. tataga.
mteba (mi-) mteba (a climbing plant, Flagel-
mtembezaji (wa-) see mtembezi. mtendo (mi-) doing, acting, performing; ac-
laria guineensis).
mtatio (mi-) L coiling, winding (cord, complishing. Cf. tenda.
thread). 2. fig. confusion, complication, mtembezi, mtembezaji (wa-) 1. walker,
mtega (wa-) see mtegaji.
obscurity. 3. fig. something confusing/ stroller, mwanamke — . coll. girl of easy J
mtenga (wa-) 1. one who separates (himself
puzzling/intriguing. Cf. tata. morals, prostitute. 2. tourist. — sana.
mtegaji, mtega (wa-) one who sets traps/ from the community), solitary person, re-
He travels a great deal. 3. fig. idler,
cluse.
ensnares/deceives. Cf. tega. 2. pol. separatist. Cf. tenga.
(fig.)
mtatizo (mi-) see tatanisho. vagrant. Cf. tembea.
mtego (mi-) 1. trap, snare. 2. fig., mil. mtenga (mi-) mtenga (carrying-pole, carried
mtawa*, mtaawa (wa-) 1. religious/pious mtembo (mi-) 1. bud, shoot (for planting).
mine, fichia — . lay mines. Cf. tega. on the shoulders of two men with the load
person. 2. a person living in seclusion, 2. med. fistula (usually a crack in the
hung in the middle).
recluse, hermit. 3. girl who enters a console of the foot caused by yaws).
mteja, mteji (wa-) 1. one who is exorcised
vent. 4. fig. stay-at-home. 5. rare 3. (rare) scar.
(by a mganga). 2. assistant of the mganga mtengauo (mi-) pol. split, faction, separatism.
priest, missionary. Cf. tawa.
(in exorcising spirits). Cf. *tenga. •
^mteini, mtema (wa-) one who cuts, wood-

cutter, carver. Cf. *• tema. mtenge (mi-) naut. outrigger.
mtengenezaji 368
mteule
369
mtengenezaji, mtengezaji (wa-) 1. arranger, mteremuko (mi-) see mtelemko.

mteule (wa-) one who is chosen/picked out
organizer, producer. 2. editor. 3. com- mtiivu (wa-) see mtiifu.
(for some quality or skill), excellent/out-
piler. Cf. tengenea. mtesa (wa-) see mtesi.
standing person. Cf. teue, leule. mtikiso (mi-) (act of) shaking; concussion,
mtengezaji (wa-) see mtengenezaji. mtesaji (wa-) see mtesi. shock, stroke. Cf. tikisa.
mteuo (mi-) choice, selection. Cf. teua.
mtengo mtesi, mtesa, mtesaji (wa-) one who mtikiti (mi-) watermelon vine.
(mi-) (act of) separating, dividing off; 1. Cf. Itikiti.
mteuzi (wa-) see mteua.
withdrawing, removing. — katika kazi. dis- causes trouble, quarrelsome/contentious
mtima (mi-) rare, liter. (= moyo) heart.
missal, discharge (from a position/ job). person. 2. persecutor, oppressor. 1.
mtezaji, mtezi (wa-) see mtesi. 2. feeling, emotion. 3.
Cf. Itenga, kitengo. Cf. tesa. rel. soul.
mti (mi-) 1. tree, miti ya mtimbi (wa-)

mtengwa (wa-) 1. one who is separated/set mteta (wa-) see mtetaji. matunda. fruit- see chimvi.
trees. 2. wood. 3. (cricket) stump.
apart. 2. one who is removed/dismissed.
merikebu ya -. wooden boat. - mkavu. mtimvi (wa-) see mchimbi.
3. one who is devoted to something (his mtetaji, mteta, mtetea, mtetezi (wa-) trouble-
dry wood, kaa la -. charcoal.
work, a cause). Cf. Menga. maker, intriguer, schemer. Cf. teta. 4. post,
pole, shaft, bar. - wa simu. telegraph mtinda (wa-) see kitinda.
pole. Cf.
mtenzi (wa-) rare: ( — wa kazi) worker, mtete (mi-) mtete (kind of reed, Phragmites jiti, kijiti, ujili, uti.
workman, tradesman. communis). = utete.) mtindi (mi-), tindi ma -) 1. {usually - wa

Cf. tenda. (
(
9
-mti sing. (us. maradlii/uele maziwa or maziwa ya -) buttermilk. 2.
yaAva -) in-
mteo adv. by boiling, pika — . bring to a mtetea, mteteaji, mtetezi (wa-) 1.

= mtetaji. (scrofulous/gangrenous) sore, toxicating (alcoholic) beverage (in gen.).
boil, parboil. 2. defender. 3. opponent, adversary.

4. quarrelsome/argumentative person; poli- mtia, mtiaji (wa-) (always w. mtindo (mi-) 1. form, pattern, model.
foil, obj.) one
mtepe (mi-) mtepe (native sailing vessel). tician. Cf. teta. who applies/employs something. - rangi. 2. kind, sort. 3. quality, nguo hizi ni —
painter. — dawa. one who prescribes wa zile. These clothes are of the same
mtepetevu (wa-) lazy person, idler. Cf. te- mtetemeko (mi-) see mtetemko. medicines. - jalada. bookbinder. kind as those.
Cf. tia.
petea.
mtetemko, mtetemeko, mtetemo (mi-) trembling, mtiaji (wa-i 1. "-
mtia. 2.: - moto. incen- "mtindo (mi-) rare end, conclusion.
mteremeshi, mteremezi (wa-) friendly /cheer- quivering; vibration. — wa nchi. earth- diary, arsonist. Cf. tia.
Cf. tindika.
ful/good-natured person. Cf. terema. quake. — wa meno. chattering of the teeth.
Cf. tetema. mtihani* (mi-) 1. test, examination. - wa mtini* (mi-) fig tree (Ficus carica).
mteremezi (wa-) see mteremeshi. udaktari. doctoral examination. I'anya Cf. tini.
mtetemo (mi-) see mtetemko. take an examination, pita (shindwa na) -.
mteremko (mi-) see mtelemko. pass (fail) an examination. 2. trial, mtipitipi, mturituri
fig. (mi-) mtipitipi (climbing
mtetezi (wa-) see mtetea, mtetaji. ordeal, difficult situation, kutana na -. plant, Abrus precatorius),
mteremo (mi-), nderemo (— ) joy, happiness; get into a difficult situation.
Cf. mtahini.
cheerfulness, contentment, comfort; light- mteua, mteuzi (wa-) 1. one who chooses/se- mtiriri (wa-) 1. sensuous/lascivious person
heartedness, freedom from care; amusement. lects. 2. fastidious/fussy person, fault- mtii (wa-) see mtiifu. (male or female). 2. restless/lively/irre-
terema. finder. Cf. teua, teuzi.
Cf. sponsible child. 3. a person in whom one
mtiifu*, mtiivu, mtii (wa-) obedient/tractable/ can have no confidence.
obsequious person. Cf. tii.
mtondoo mtondoo
mtiririko 370 371 mlulc
2 mtondoo
mtiririko (mi-) 1. flowing, trickling, seeping mtofaha* (mi-) see mtofaa. (mi-), tondoo (ma-) thimble. mtoza (wa-) (always w.
(- kastabini.)
foil, obj.) one who
(of water). 2. gliding (of snakes, etc .). gathers/collects. - kodi (ushuru). tax-
3. mark, track (left by a snake, etc.) mtohara* (wa-) 1. Isl. circumcised person.
collector. Cf. Ifoa.
4. traces left by flowing or trickling 2. Isl. ritually clean person. 3. fig. mtongotongo (mi-) bot. mtongotongo (euphor-
water: channel, rill. Cf. tiririka. clean/neat/well-dressed person. Cf. to- bia, spurge, Euphorbia abyssinica). mtozaji, mtozi (wa-) collector (of taxes).
hara. Cf. ltoa.
mtishaji (wa-) one who frightens/intimidates mtongoza (wa-) see mtongozi.

others. Cf. tisha. mtoki (mi-) {also matoki pi.) med. mtu (watu) human being, person, individ-
1.
1. swollen lymph gland. 2. inflamed mtongozaji (wa-) see mtongozi. ual, _ mume (mke). man (woman).
„ . i
mtiti (mi-) ornith. mtiti (species of owl). sore, tumor. C/. ' toa. - mzima. grown person, adult, mimi
mtongozi, mtongoza, mtongozaji mtumtu
(wa-) se- tu. I am only a simple/ordinary
mtokoso (mi-) 1. boiling, cooking (by boil- ducer. Cf. tongoza.
mtitio (mi-) (act of) sinking, tottering, shak- person, mapato kwa mtu. per capita in-
ing). 2. frying (in fat/butter). Cf. tokota.
ing, rocking, collapsing. Cf. tita. come. 2. someone, somebody, hakuna -.
mtopetope, mtomoko (mi-) mtopetope No one is there.
(cus- 3.: pi. watu. people,
mtokwe (mi-) mtokwe (kind of tree, Annona tard-apple tree,
Imto (mi-) river, stream, bonde la — . river Annona squamosa). population. - wa nchi hii. the population
senegalensis),
bed. mkono wa — branch, tributary (of a of this country, -a watu. adj.
. popular,
mtoria (mi-) mtoria (species of rubber liana, people's... (chiefly comm.).
river). — wa mkono. delta. — wa bahari. jamhuri ya
mtolilio (mi-) sweet-potato leaf (used as a
Landolphia petersiana). watu. People's Republic.
inlet, bay. — wa barafu. glacier, fuata Cf. kitoria.
Cf. jitu, kijitu,
vegetable).
— . go downstream, kata — . go upstream. utu.
mtoro (wa-) 1. deserter, truant, runaway;
Cf. jito, kijito.
mtombo, mtomboro (mi-) ornith. cuckoo.
refugee. 2. pr. n., masc. toroka, mtua, mtula, mtunguja
Cf. (mi-) bot. wild egg-
utoro. plant (Solanum bojeri), nightshade.
^mto (mi-) pillow, cushion. mtomo (mi-) 1. (act, method of) reinforcing
plaster with stone work. 2. paving (a

mtoto (wa-) 1. offspring, descendant, child. mtubwi (mi-) yam.
mtoa (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who road/street) with stone. Cf. tomea.
- mwanamume (mwanamke). boy (girl).
issues/dispenses, — dawa. pharmacist,
- mchanga. infant, baby. - wa ng'ombe. mtuchi (mi-) med. mtuchi (a disease of the
druggist. — gazeti. editor/publisher of mtomoko (mi-) see mtopetope.
(small) calf, -wakuku. chick. - wa stomach).
a newspaper. Cf. noa.
mgomba. banana shoot/sprout. 2. de-
mtomondo (mi-) mtomondo (Malay apple tree,
pendent/subordinate person (irrespective mtukufu (wa-) a dignified/respected/impor-
mtoaji (wa-) editor. — wa gazeti. editor of Eugenia malaccensis). {- mtofaa.)
°f a ge). 3. subordinate/less important/ tant person, notable, dignitary,
rel.
a newspaper. Cf. Moa. Cf. Momondo. smaller part or adjunct of a thing. - wa Mungu -. the Most High. Cf. tukuka, tu-
meza. drawer. - wa mto. rare branch, kufu.
mtobwe (mi-) mtobwe (kind of shrub, Stro- mtondo (mi-) the day following the day after
tributary. Cf. toto, kitoto, utoto.
phantus courmonti). tomorrow, the third day from today, ku-
mtukutu (wa-) 1. active/mischievous child,
shinda — or — goo. the fourth day from
mtovu (wa-) person who lacks something or
rose apple/Malay
2. restless/nervous/troublesome person.
mtofaa*, mtofaha (mi-) today.
falls short in some respect, huyu - wa Cf. tukuta, tukuta.
ni
apple tree (Eugenia jambosa/malaccen-
heshima. This is a person who shows too
sis). Cf. tofaa.
mtondoo (mi-) mtondoo (kind of tree, Calo- little respect (where 2
it is due). Cf. toa, mtula (mi-) see mtua.
phyllum inophyllum). Cf. tondoo. tovu.
mtule mtungo
372
mtunguja 373
mtule* (wa-) poor/destitute/miserable per- mtumishi, mtumi, (rare) mtumiki (wa-) mtunguja (mi-) see mtua. stomach). — wa mvua. noise of rain. Cf.
son. Cf. tule. 1. paid domestic servant. Cf. mtumwa.
2. (in gen.) one who serves/is employed, mtungule (mi-) tomato plant. (= mnyanya.)
mtulinga (mi-) anat. clavicle, collarbone, employee. — wa moto. fireman (on a loco- Cf. tungule.
mtututu, mkarakala (mi-) mtututu (kind of tree,
scapula. motive). 3.: — wa serikali. civil servant.
Bridelia zanzibarensis ).
Cf. tuma. mtunguo (mi-) ready-made article of clothing.
mtulivu (wa-) quiet/reserved person. Cf. * tunga. mtwa (wa-) dwarf, pigmy.
Cf. Mua, tulivu. mtumo (mi-) use, employment, utilization,
application. Cf, tuma. mtunza (wa-) protector, keeper; curator (in a mtwaa, mtwaaji. (wa-) one who carries off/takes
mtumainifu* (wa-) one who inspires confi- muxriim etc. I
hazir.s/fcdha. trcas -r~- away. x
Cf. twaa.
dence, dependable/reliable person. Cf. mtumwa (wa-) 1. slave. — mwanamke. fe- Cf. tunza.
tumaini, tumainifu. male slave. 2. pr. n. masc. Cf. tuma.
mtwaaji (wa-) see mtwaa.
mtupa (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who
mtumba (mi-) 1. bale, bundle, bolt (of cloth). mtumwaji (wa-) 1. rare messenger, envoy.
throws/hurls something. — mkuki. spear- mtwana (wa-) 1. hist, (young) slave. 2» rogue,
2. burden, load (for one man). — nguo. a 2. someone in another person's employ,
thrower. Cf. *tupa.
rascal. 3. uncouth/unmannerly person.
load of cloth. Cf. Itumba. agent. Cf. tuma. Cf.
twana, kitwana.
mtupa (mi-) mtupa (a general designation for
mtumbako* tlnd.j (mi-) tobacco plant. mtundu* LPers.J (wa-) 1. sly/crafty person.
various poisonous plants). Cf. utupa. 2 mtwana (mi-)
spoiled/pampered/precocious child. naut. a pole strengthening the
Cf. tumbaku. 2.
2 tundu. mast (in native vessels).

Cf.
mtupio (mi-) (act of) throwing down/away.
mtumbuizi (wa-) one who sings/hums under
vazi la — . worn-out clothing. Cf. nupa.
mtwango
his breath (to calm his nerves or to soothe mtunduizi (wa-) secret agent; spy; (mil.) (mi-) (act, manner, etc, of) crushing,
scout. tunduia, tunduizi. grinding, pulverizing (with mortar and

a child). Cf. tumbuika. Cf.
mtupo(mi-) 1. (act of) throwing/hurling. 2. pestle). Cf. twanga.
distance a thing can be thrown, throwing
mtumbuu (mi-) mtumbuu (kind of small sea mtunga, mtungaji (wa-) 1. one who arranges/
distance. Cf. tupa.
constructs/compiles/designs. — mashairi. mtwanzi (wa-) one who pounds/pulverizes
fish, sprat).
poet. — kitabu. author. — nyimbo. com- (grain). Cf. twanga.
mturituri (mi-) see mtipitipi.
mtumbwi (mi-) log canoe (dugout, without poser (of music). 2. designer, inventor.
outriggers). tumbua. Cf. *tunga. mtweto (mi-) panting, puffing, gasping, diffi-
Cf.
Mturki* (wa-) see Mturuki.
culty in breathing. Cf. tweta.
mtungi (mi-) earthenware water jug/pitcher.
mtume (mi-) 1. messenger, envoy. 2. cou-
Mturuki*, Mturki (wa-) Turk. Cf. Kituruki,
rier. — wa kidiplomasi. diplomatic cou- mua (miua-) see muwa.
Uturuki.
mtungo (mi-) 1. compilation, construction,
rier. 3. rel. apostle (Christ.), prophet
arrangement, composition. — wa habari. muaa (miuaa) see mwaa.
(Isl.). Cf. tuma.
mtutu (mi-) barrel (of a gun). (= kasiba,
essay, composition, theme. 2. (act of)
mwanzi.)
arranging in a row (on a string, stick, etc.), muamuzi (wa-) see mwamua.
mtumi (wa-) see mtumishi.
the things so arranged.. — wa samaki.
a string of fish. tunga.
mtutumo (mi-) deep, rumbling sound. — wa muawana* (— )
Cf. help, support, assistance.
mtumiki (wa-) see mtumishi. Cf.
ngurumo (bahari). rumble/roar of thunder auni.
(the sea). — wa tumbo. growling (of the
mubalighi 374 nuhula luhunz 375 munisipali
mubalighi* (wa-) pol. speaker (in the legisla- muharamu* (— ) muharram (the fourth month of muhunzi (wa-) see mhunzi. mumu: — humu, adv. in this very place.
live assembly). (- mulakalamu.) Muhammadan year).
muhuri*, mhuri (mi-, -) 1. seal, stamp, tia — mumunya, munya, munyamunya, mung'unya
muda* (— ) 1. — wa saa nne.
period (of time). muhariri* (wa-) journalist, correspondent, to seal/stamp, hati hii si kwela kwa saba- chew, masticate; gnaw. intr. mumunyika. be
a period of four hours, kwa — (wa). in the editor. bu haina — wa serikali. This document is
chewed/broken up; be eroded, crumble away
course of... — wa. during. — (wa) kitambo. not valid because it does not have the offi-
(plaster, etc.).
moment, homa ya — med. intermittent . muhashamu*, muheshamu (in letters) a very cial stamp. 2. visa.
fever. 2. term, set period of time, taka — formal salutation: Esteemed Sir. Cf.
^mumunya (ma-) see mumunye.
{better: wakati). ask for a delay /extension. heshima, heshimu. mujibu*, muujibu 1. sing, what is proper and
Cf. mudu. fitting (morally and snrially) according to

mumunye, mung'unye, mumunya (ma-) kind of
muhebi*, muhibu (in letters) a salutation used tradition and custom; legal/official action.
gourd, calabash, vegetable marrow. Cf.
mudiri* (wa-) dial, administrative official to those whom one knows rather well but not 2. adv. in accordance with, according to.
mmumunye.
(in districts of Zanzibar). Cf. mudiria. intimately (older friends, teachers, etc.): — wa sheria. according to the law. Cf.
2
Dear... Cf. êbu, haba. wajibu.
muna see mna.
mudiria* (— ) dial, (administrative) district
(Zanzibar). Cf. mudiri. ahibu* luhebi. mukafaa*, mukofu (— ) econ. extra dividend,
*munda (miunda) harpoon. = chusa.)
bonus. (
mudu* stretch, extend, us. reft, jimudu. muhimu* 1. (— ) an important/urgent matter.

stretch oneself, move first one limb then 2. adj. important, urgent. 3. adv. especi- mukofu* (— ) see mukafaa. ^munda (miunda) plank, board (used in house-
another (when waking up; after an illness), ally, particularly; significantly. Cf. Iiima. building).
fig. be temperate, exercise self-control; be mulika shine, gleam, beam. prov. anayeku-
in moderate circumstances/fairly well-off. muhina* (— ) bleeding from the nose. mulika mchana usiku atakuunguza. Who mundu (miundu) sickle, machete, billhook. —
appl. mudia. intr. mudika. Cf. muda. gives you light by day will burn you by na nyundo. comm. hammer and sickle.
^muhindi* (mi-) 1. maize/corn plant (Zea mays). night, appl. mulikia. cans, mulikisha.
muflisi* sing., jur. bankruptcy. Cf. filisi. mungu, muungu 1. (miungu) a god. 2. Mungu
2. a grain of corn. Cf. hindi, mahindi.
mumbi (mi-) see mwumbi. sing, (also Jicho la Mungu) God. 3. (mi-
mufti*, mofti LEngl.J adj. /adv., coll. modern, ungu) fate, destiny, providence. Cf. uungu,
^Muhindi* (wa-) see Mhindi.
elegant, fashionable, stylish (of clothes). mume (waume) husband. Cf. ume. umungu.
vaa nguo — wear
. modern/stylish clothes.
muhogo*, mhogo LTupi-Port. J (mi-) (also, hogo,
mumiani* LPers.J (ma-) mumiani (a gumlike mung'unya see ^mumunya.
ma-) 1. manioc/cassava plant. 2. manioc
muhali*, mhali, umhali (-) something very substance used as a medicine both inter-
root,
difficult/unobtainable/unreasonable/im- nally, e.g., against cramps, and externally mung'unye (ma-) see mumunye.
possible, impossibility, impracticability, for fractures, etc.).
muhtasari*, mutasari (— ) (brief) outline, ex-
unobtainability, unreasonableness, anitaka mungwana (wangwana) see mwungwana.
tract, pre'cis, survey, resume, conspectus;
— He. is asking the impossible of me. ku- muminina*, mmunina (wa-) Isl. an orthodox
table of contents. — ya mafundisho. program,
toka nje wakati wa baridi naona — sana. Moslem, a true believer, Cf. âmini. munisipaa* (— ) see munisipali.
schedule (of studies).
To go outside in the cold is for me abso-
lutely impossible. muhula* (— ) 1. rare period (of time). 2. inter- lumo (also — humo) adv. in(side) here. munisipali*, manisipali, munisipaa, manisipaa
mission, break, rest period. LEngl.J (— ) city government, municipal
munya 376 muungano muungo 377
administration, kodi za nyumba zitalipwa musuli* LEngl.J (mi-) muscle. — mwingi. strong muungo, mwungo (mi-) 1. (act of) connecting, mviringano (mi-) something round/circular/
katika afisi ya — House
. taxes are paid at muscles. joining; connection, joint. 2. something spherical. Cf. viringa, mviringo, uviringo.
the municipal administration offices. joined; (fig.) seam. 2 un ga.

Cf.
mutakalamu*, mtakalamu (wa-) pol. speaker (in mviringo (mi-), kiviringo (vi-) 1. circle, round-
the legislative assembly). = muhalighi.) muungu ness; circumference.
munya see 'mumunya. ( (mi-) see mungu. 2. sphere, globe, ball,
3. adj.: —a — . circular, round, spherical,
munyu sing., rare salt, Cf. chumvi, cbunyu.

mutasari* (— ) see muhtasari. muuya* (mi-) see mauja. mpira una umbo la — A. ball is spherical.
Cf. viringa, mviringano, uviringo.
muo (miuo) stick with an iron tip (for digging mutribu* (— ) one who plays the gambusi or zeze muuzaji (wa-) see mwuzaji.
up stones). (q.v.). Cf. tarabu. mviru (mi-) mviru (kind of tree, A remedy for
muwa, mua (miwa) sugarcane. stomach complaints is prepared from its
muufi* (wa-) rare potter. = mfinyanzi.) roots). Cf. muru.

muombaji (wa-) see mwombaji. (
muweka see mweka.
muradi* (mi-) see mradi. muujibu* sing. see mujibu. Mvita sing. Mombasa (city and island). Cf.
muwi (miwi) muwi (kind of mangrove, Bruguiera Mmvita, Kimvita.

muujiza* (mi-) see mwujiza. gymnorrhiza).
muru sing, muru (a root from which is pre-
pared a medicine for stomach disorders). mvivu (wa-) lazy person, idler, loafer. Cf.
muumba, mwumba, mwumbaji (wa-) 1. originator, muyombo (mi-) see myombo. vivu, uvivu.
Cf. mviru.
founder. 2. rel. Creator = God; us. — yote
(
murua*, muruwa 1. (wa-, mi-) = mrua. 2.

Creator of All Things). Cf. umba. muziki*, musiki \_Engl. J sing, music. mviziaji (wa-): — faida. fin. speculator. Cf.
via.
adj. polite, gracious, amiable; elegant,
muumbuzi (wa-) one who destroys/annihilates. mvao, mviko (mi-) manner of dress; style,
pretty.
Cf. umba. fashion. Cf. vaa. mvo (mi-) see mfo.
mushkeli* (— ) uncertainty, obscurity; diffi-
muumishi, mwumikaji, mwumishi, mwumizi (wa-) mvongonya, mvungunya (mi-) mvongonya

culty, problem, ugonjwa huu umeniletea ^mvi (— ) (also nywele za — ) gray hair,
one skilled in medicine (esp. one who cups/ (sausage tree, Datura metel).
— . This complaint is giving me trouble. mwenye — gray-haired person.
.
bleeds people). Cf. umika.

Cf. shaka, shuku.
mvua (— ) rain. - inanyesha. It is raining.
^mvi (mi-) arch, arrow.
muunda (wa-) see mwunda.
musiki* (— ) see muziki. — ya mawe. hail, upinde wa — rainbow.
.
mviko (mi-) 1. ~ mvao. 2. clothing, garment,

wakati wa — . rainy season. — kubwa
musilimu* (wa-) see mwislamu. muundi (miundi) 1. (us. — wa miguu) anat. (nyingi). heavy rain, cloudburst. — ya
dress. Cf. vaa.
shinbone, tibia. 2. rare leg. mwaka. light rain (us. in August).
musimu* (mi-) see msimu.

mvinjari* (wavinjari, wamevinjari) loafer, un-
^muundi (wa-) see mwunda. employed person. Cf. vinjari. mvua, mvuo, mvukuto (mi-) (us. pi.) bellows.
mus limu* (wa-) see mwislamu.
vukuta mivua. blow/work bellows. Cf.
muundo (mi-) see mwundo. mvinje (mi-) mvinje (cassowary /beefwood vukuta.
mustarehe*, mstarehe (-) 1. rest, quiet,
tree, Casuarina equisetifolia),
repose, raha — . absolute repose/comfort.
muungamo (mi-) see mwungamo. 3mvua (wa-) see mvuvi.
2. relaxation, recreation. Cf. raha,
mvinyo* [.Port. J (— ) 1. spirits (in gen.).
starehe. muungano (mi-) see mwungano. = divai).
2. rare wine (
/uke 378 mvuruga 379
mvuke (— ) (also uvuke, vuke) 1. steam, steam- echo, reverberation. 4. fig. rumor. Cf. mvuruga (wa-) see mvurugaji. mwadhini* (wa-) Isl. muezzin. Cf. adhini.
power. 2. (intense, humid) heat. 3. vapori- vuma.
zation, evaporation. 4. moisture, dampness, mvurugaji, mvuruga (wa-) one who causes mwafaka* (mi-) 1. acceptability. 2. unanimity,
humidity. 5. rec. gas. Cf. Muka. Anvumo (mi-) mvumo (kind of palm, Borassus destruction /dissension /confusion, trouble- accord. 3. agreement, bargain, pact, con-
maker, agitator. Cf. vuruga.
flabellifera). tract. 4. conspiracy. Cf. afiki.
mvuko (mi-) ford, crossing, ferry. Cf. ^vua.
mvurugo (mi-) 1. (act of) stirring, mixing. 2.
mvunaji, mvuni (wa-) reaper, harvester. Cf. Mwafrika* [Engl. J (wa-) an African. Cf.
mvukuto (mi-) see ^mvua. strife, dissension. 3. confusion, disorder.
vuna. Afrika.
Cf. vuruga.
mvulana, mvuli (wa-) unmarried young man, mvungu (mi-) 1. hollow, cavity. 2. space under mwafu* (mi-) hot. wild jasmine (Jasminum
i
~ — U_1 —
..oiui.
re \.:-.~\
^,.M'moiia, uvuiaua. i
something. — wa meza (kitanda). space

mvuSunji, mvuslii (wa-) 1. ferryman. 2. run:
mauritianum). Cf. afu.
preserver, savior. Cf. 'vua.
under a table (bed), prov. mpenda cha
mvule (mi-) (species of) teakwood tree (Chlo- mvunguni sharti ainame. Whoever wants to mwaga pour out, empty, spill, intr. mwagika.
rophora excelsa). get something from under the bed must mvushi (wa-) see mvushaji.
1. be poured out/spilled, prov. maji yali-
stoop over (i.e., good things are not easily yomwagika hayazoleki. Spilled water cannot
obtained). Cf. vungu. mvuta (wa-): — lumbako. smoker. Cf. vuta.
mvuli (wa-) see mvulana. be picked up (e.g., something once said
cannot be retracted). 2. fig. scatter, dis-
mvungunya (mi-) see mvongonya. mvuto (mi-) 1. (act of) drawing, pulling. 2.
= perse, break up. baada ya mkutano watu
^mvuli (mi-) 1. - kivuli. 2. vuli.
fig. influence. 3. fig. persuasion, con-
walimwagika. After the meeting the people
mvuni (wa-) see mvunaji. viction. Cf. vuta.
dispersed. Cf. mwagano, mwago.
mvuma (wa-) see mvumi.
mvunja (wa-) (always w. oh].) one who mvuvi, mvua (wa-) (also — samaki) fisher-
foil, mwagano, mwago (mi-) dismissal. Cf. mwaga.
— mawe. stonemason. man. Cf. vua.
^mvuma (mi-) see 1 mvumo. breaks something.
— mapesa. money-changer. Cf. vunja. Imwago (mi-) see mwagano.
mvyele (wa-) rare old woman. = kizee.)
mvumanyuki (mi-) mvumanyuki (kind of shrub, (
Premna chrysoclada). mvunjaji (wa-) one who breaks something. —

z mwago (act of) pouring out, spilling.
(mi-) Cf.
wa sheria. lawbreaker. Cf. vunja. mwa conn.: nyumbani — mchuuzi. in the
house of the shopkeeper. mwaga.

mvumatiti (— ) see vumatiti.
mvunjiko (mi-) see mvunjo.
mvumbasi (mi-) mvumbasi (kind of plant with mwaa, muaa (miaa, miwaa, miyaa) 1. dwarf "'mwago (mi-) mwago (gift given by a husband
aromatic leaves, Ocimum sp.). mvunjo (mi-) 1. (act of) breaking, destruction, palm. 2. leaf of the dwarf palm. 3. strip of to his first wife when, she agrees to his taking
demolition. 2. (also mvunjiko) break, leaf from the dwarf palm (used for plaiting a second wife). Cf. aga.
mvumi, mvuma (wa-) grumbler, faultfinder. fracture. Cf. vunja. mats).
Cf. vuma. rawapo (mi-) (act, manner, etc., of) leave-
Imvuo mwaandishi (wa-) see mwandishi. taking.

(mi-) (act of) undressing. Cf. vaa. Cf. aga.
'mvumo, mvuma (mi-) 1. humming, rustling,

mwabudu* (wa-) rel. worshipper. — (wa)
mwaguzi (wa-) soothsayer, diviner.
rumbling. — wa mvua. the pounding of 2mvuo (mi-) 1. (act of) fishing. 2. catch, haul 1. Cf. agua.
sanamu. idolator. Cf. abudu. = mwuguzi.
2.
rain. 2. roaring, growling, bellowing (of (of fish). 3. (good) place for fishing. Cf.
various animals, usually wild). 3. fig. *vua.

Mwajemi 380 mwambo
mwambula 381 mwananct
Mwajemi* (wa-) a Persian. Cf. Kiajemi, ^mwaliko (mi-) cracking (noise), clapping, mwambula (mi-) hot. mwambula (a bush with He is a member of a labor union. — asiye wa
Uajemi.
snapping (of the fingers). Cf. âlika. poisonous roots, Plumbago zeylanica). desturi. alternate member. Cf. uanachama.
mvvaka (miaka) year, kila — — kwa —

, . yearly,
mwalimu* (wa-) 1. educated person, scholar, Mwamerika* [.Engl. J (wa-) an American. mwanachuo (wa-) one who learns/studies,
annual. — uliopita, — (wa) jana. last year. scientist. teacher, tutor. —
2. rakuu. pro- student.
— ujao, — (wa) kesho. next year. — (wa) fessor. Master (= Christ).
3. rel. 4. rare, mwamini*, mwaminifu, mwumini (wa-) 1. trust-
juzi. year before last, siku ya — mpya. naut. steersman, pilot. worthy/reliable person. a person whom mwanadamu (wa-) human being. mwana,
Cf. elimu. 2. in Cf.
New Year's Day. mwakani. in the course of one has confidence, confidant, confidential adamu.
a year, in a year's time; (fig.) sooner or
^mwalishi (wa-) one who invites agent. 3. devout/religious person, (true)
(to a feast,
later.
etc.), host*
believer, waamini. the faithful. Cf. "amini. mwanafunzi (wa-) pupil, apprentice, student.
Cf. âlika.
Cf. funda.
mwake poss. pron. 3rd pers. sing. see
mwaminifu* (wa-) see mwamini.
-ake. ^mwalisbi (wa-) one who makes a cracking/
mwanagazeti* lEngl. J (wana...) newspaper-
snapping noise. Cf. âlika.
mwamizi* (wa-) one who watches a planted man.
*mwako (mi-) 1. flame, blaze. 2. blazing, field (and frightens away birds). Cf. amia.
mwamali* (wa-) 1. one who has a share in some-
burning. 3. heat, ardor; temperament. Cf.
mwanahewa* (wa-) aviator, pilot. Cf. uanahewa.
thing, sympathizer, participant. 2. accom-
Tvaka. mwamu, mlamu (wa-) relative by marriage:
plice, (mi-) 1. interest, sympathy, participa-
brother/sister-in-law. mwanajeshi* (wana.,.) soldier, serviceman.
tion. 2. activity, action. Cf. *amali.
Cf. jeshi, uanajeshi.
^mwako poss. pron. 2nd pers. sing. see
mwamua, mwamuzi (wa-) mediator, peace-
-ako. mwamana* one willing
(wa-) to trust others.
maker, go-between, arbitrator, umpire. Cf. mwanamaji (wanamaji) sailor, seaman.
mtu yule hana — That
. person does not trust/
mwalamu* (mi-) see mialamu. have confidence in anybody else. Cf. amana,
mwanamimba (wana..., waana...) 1. pregnant
1,
amini.
mwamuzi (wa-) see mwamua. woman. 2. ailment of women (pains in the
mwale (mi-) raffia palm.
uterus, chiefly in cases of premature births).
mwamba (mi-), kiamba (vi-) 1. rock, crag, reef.
mwamvuli (mi-) see mwavuli.
mwali, mvvari (wali) 1. a boy or girl before 2. ridge-pole, roof-tree. 3. fig. steadfast/
mwanamizi (wa-) hermit crab, sea urchin.
or during the initiation ceremony. 2. (also courageous person. 4. sport, coll. boxer.
mwana 1. (wana, waana) child (with respect
mwanamwali, pi. wanawali) a girl who mwanamji (wa-) townsman, city-dweller.
to relationship: son, daughter), mwanadamu.
menstruates for the first time. mwambaji, mwambi (wa-) 1. gossip, slanderer.
human being. — haramu. illegitimate child.
2. nagger, faultfinder. Cf. amba.
— maji. seaman, sailor. — hewa. aviator, mwanamke (wanawake) woman; (pi.) female sex,
mwali* (nyali) (tongue of) flame. — member of a committee.
womenfolk. — mtembezi. coll. girl of easy
pilot. komiti.
mwambao (mi-) rare coast, coastline, shore.
morals, prostitute.
adopted Cf. ke.
2. (mamwana) lady, mistress. 3.
safari ya — . naut. coastal shipping. Cf.
mwali, mwari (wa-) ornith. pelican. child, dependent, Cf. ''jana, kijana,
am baa. mwanamume (wanaume) man; lover, paramour;
uana, ujana.
(pi.) male sex, menfolk. Cf. mwana, ûrne.
Imwaliko (mi-) (also jaliko, ma-) 1. call, mwambi (wa-) see mwambaji.
mwanaanga (wanaanga) cosmonaut.
summons. 2. invitation, challenge. Cf.
mwanamwali (wa-) see * mwali.
2
alika. mwambo (mi-) financial straits, siku za — . coll.
mwanachama (wa-) member (of an organization,
the last few days of the month (before payday).
mwananchi (wananchi) inhabitant (of a country),
wamba. party, etc.). yeye ni — cha wafanya kazi.
Cf. citizen. Cf. uwananchi.
mwanasesere 382 mwangao
mwangati 383 mwaridi
mwanasesere (wa-), sesere (— ) doll (child's mwandikaji, mwandiki (wa-) 1. clerk, copyist.
mwangati (mi-) (kind of) cedar tree (Juniperus meno. gap between the teeth, meno yake
toy). 2. secretary. 3. writer, author. Cf. andika.
pro c era). yana — He . is missing some teeth.
mwanashanga sing, northwest wind. mwandiki (wa-) see mwandikaji.

mwangavu (wa-) see Imwanga 2. mwanzi (mi-) 1. mwanzi (kind of bamboo). 2.
mwanzi (kind of flute made of bamboo). 3.

mwanasheria* (wa-) lawyer, attorney, jurist. mwandiko (mi-) 1. writing, written matter. 2.
mwangaza (mi-) 1. hole admitting light, (in gen.) tube, pipe. — wa pua. nostril. —
Cf. uanasheria. manner of writing, style. — wa michoro.
(small) window. 2. ray of light, brightness. wa bunduki. barrel of a gun.
cursive writing. — wa chapa. printing. 3.
3. fig. clarity. 4. fig. enlightenment, cul-
mwanasiasa* (wa-) politician, political figure. script, handwriting; manuscript. 4. inscrip-
ture, education, pata (shikwa na) — . re- mwanzilishi, mwanzilizi, mwanzishaji (wa-)
— mhamaji. political emigrant/refugee. tion, address. Cf. andika.
rpivp >>n!!' r htenni?r.t/ci<!turs. 5. H". "ubl: niiliaLui-, originator, author; founder, pioneer.
cation, announcement. 6. fig. expedient, anza.
Cf.
mwanathaura* (wa-) revolutionist. mwandishi (wa-) 1. writer, author; newspaper
solution (of a difficulty). Cf. 2 anga, angaa.
reporter; correspondent. 2. secretary. —
mwanzilizi (wa-) see mwanzilishi.
mwandaji (wa-) see mwandaliaji. mkuu. secretary-general. Cf. andika.
mwangazi (wa-) see Imwanga 2.
mwanzishaji (wa-) see mwanzilishi.

mwandaliaji, mwandaji (wa-) 1. one who pre- ^mwanga 1. (mi-) {also mwangaza) light,
1
pares/arranges something (sets the table,
mwango (mi-) mwango (kind of tree, Rauwol-
lightness, radiance, clarity. 2. (wa-) (also
mwanzo 1. (mi-) start, beginning. 2. adv. in/
etc.). 2. rare cook. andaa. fia sp.).
Cf. mwangavu, mwangazi) enlightened/culti-
from the beginning. Cf. anza.
vated/educated person. Cf. ânga, angaa.
mwandamano (mi-) 1. suite, entourage, retinue. ^mwango (mi-) rare see mlango.
procession. andama. ^mwao (miao) 1. piece of wood used as a sup-
2. Cf.
^mwanga (mi-) mwanga (kind of rice).
port/prop. 2. boards in the bottom of a dhow
'mwango (mi-) augment, of kiango.
one who follows/accom- (protecting the cargo from the bilge).
mwandamizi (wa-) 1.
'^mwanga (mi-) mwanga (species of arrowroot,
panies someone. 2. successor. Cf. andama.
mwangu poss. pron. 1st pers. sing. see
Tacca pinnatifida).
-angu.
mwao poss. pron '.. 3rd pers. pi. see *-a
mwandamo (mi-) 1. (act of) following/accom-

mwangachaa (mi-) mwangachaa (kind of tree,
panying. 2. succession, heritability. 3.
mwangushi, mwanguzi (wa-) 1. one who mvvapaji (wa-) one who swears an oath. Cf.
Cerbera Uanghas).
file, line (of people). Cf. andama. destroys/ruins something. one who lets apa.
2.
something fall/drop. 3. fig. fruit-picker (by

mwangalifu, mwangalizi (wa-) observant/atten-
mwandani (wa-) 1. follower, companion. 2.
— wa mwapizi (wa-) one who habitually curses.
occupation). nazi. coconut gatherer. Cf.
tive person. Cf. angaa.
ally. Cf. andama. apa.
Cf. angua.
mwangalizi (wa-) 1. = mwangalifu. 2. observer.

mwandao (mi-) preparation, arrangement. mwanguzi (wa-) see
Mwarabu* (Waarabu) an Arab. Cf. Arabu,
mwangushi.
3. caretaker, overseer; proctor (in schools). ^rabuni, Kiarabu, Uarabu; also
(= andao.) Cf. andaa. Manga.
Cf. angaa.
mwangwi (mi-) echo.
mwandazi (wa-) 1. servant (who sets the mwan (wa -) see •'mwali
mwangamizi (wa-) one who destroys/ruins.
table). 2. pastry cook. Cf. andaa.
mwani (miani) seaweed.
Cf. angamia. mwaridi* (ma-) rosebush (Rosa damascena).
Cf. waridi, halwaridi.

mwande (mi-): la -. get nothing, be dis- mwanya split, crack, cleft, crevice,
(mi-)
mwangao (mi-) mwangao (species of clove).
appointed. notch, gap, small hole/aperture. — wa
.
384
385 mwenge
mwarita*, mharita \_Ind. J (mi-) soapberry tree mwawazi*, mwawadhi (wa-) Almighty (- God).
2 mwele
(Sapindus saponaria).
(mi-) mwele (kind of millet plant, mwendeshaji, mwendeshi (wa-) driver
Cf. awadha. (of any
Penicillaria spicata). Cf. mawele, ûwele. vehicle). - (wa) ndege. aviator, pilot. Cf.
enda.
mwasha (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who mwayo (miayo) (us. pi.) yawn, piga miayo. to
mwelekeo (mi-) attitude, tendency, trend. Cf.
lights/kindles/turns on (a fire, light). — yawn.
elekea. mwendo, mwenendo
moto. one who lights /kindles a fire. — (mi-), wenendo sing. 1.
movement. 2. march. - wa siku. a day's

stimu. one who turns on a light. Cf. waka. mwaza (wa-) see mwazaji.
mweleko (mi-) 1. mweleko (cloth sling, for march. 3. course, route. 4. pace, kaza —
carrying children on the back). 2. rifle- speed up one's pace. - wa
mwazaji, mwaza, mwazi (wa-) thoughtful/imagi- fig. pigo. rhythm
mwasherati* (wa-) immoral person, adulterer
sling. Cf. eleka.
(one who violates the Islamic code of native/creative person. Cf. waza.
5. tempo, (rate of) speed. - wa meli hii ni
n-.u;,; 30 ^ yya y, ua mo ja. This ship makes
marriage morals). Cf. asherati.
mwelewa (wa-) intelligent/perceptive/quick- thirty miles an hour. 6. distance (from some-
mwazi (wa-) see mwazaji.
witted person. Cf. elea, elewa. thing). 7. elec, meteor, (rare) current.
mwashi (waashi) mason. 8.
Cf. âka.
fig. behavior, conduct, anajifunza sana
mwazimo (mi-) (act of) lending/borrowing, loan.
mwelezaji (wa-) 1. one who explains. 2. guide lakini - wake si mzuri. He learns well, but
mwashiri* (mi-) naut. mwashiri (longitudinal Cf. azima.
(for tourists). Cf. elea. his conduct is bad. Cf. enda.
beam supporting the mast of a native ves-
sel). mwega (mi-) see mwegamo.
mwelezo (mi-) 1. explanation; directions, in- mwene (wa-) rare see mwenye.
structions. 2. mark, sign. 3. index (of a
mwasi*, maasum (wa-) disobedient/intractable mwegamo 1. (mi-) (also mwega) support, prop,
book). 4. program. Cf. elea, elezo. mwenea (wa-): - pote.
post. 2. (wa-) one on whom a feeble person
rel. the Omnipresent
person; rebel, insurgent. Cf. asi.
= God).
( Cf. enea.
leans. Cf. egama.
mwembe* \_lnd. J (mi-) mango tree. Cf. embe.
Mwasia* {.Engl. J (wa-) an Asiatic.
mwenendo (mi-) see mwendo.
mwegea (mi-) mwegea (sausage tree).
mwemvuli (mi-) see mwavuli.
mwata (— ) mwata (kind of worm used as fish-
mwenenzi (wa-) 1. passer-by. 2. traveler.
ing bait). mwehu (wehu) madness, lunacy. Cf. ehuka. Cf.
mwenda (wa-) one who goes/walks, passer-by. enda.
— kwa miguu. pedestrian. — wazimu. mad-
mwatuko (mi-) crack, fissure (in the ground, mweka, mwekaji (we-) (always w. foil, obj.)
man (or someone who acts like one). mweneza, mwenezaji, mwenezi (wa-)
etc.). Cf. atua.
one who keeps/preserves. — fedha/hazina/ Cf. one who
enda. distributes/bestows (often = GodJ. _
mapesa. treasurer. Cf. weka. habari.
publicity-man, public-relations man. Cf.
mwavi (mi-) 1. mwavi (kind of tree with
= mweka. mwendeleo (ma-) (forward) movement, advance- enea.
poisonous bark). 2. arch, a trial by ordeal mwekaji (we-) 1. 2. owner, proprietor.
ment, improvement, progress. Cf. enda.
(the suspect drinking a poison prepared from Cf. weka.
mwenezaji (wa-) see mweneza.
the bark of the mwavi tree).
mwendelezi (wa-) 1. one who makes things
mweko (mi-) (act of) keeping, preserving, putting
move/progress, a progressive person. 2. mwenezi (we-) 1. = mweneza. 2. rec: katibu
mwavuli, mwamvuli, mwemvuli (mi-) umbrella, aside (savings). Cf. weka.
imitator. Cf. enda. -. secretary for propaganda/publicity. Cf.
parasol. — wa kuchuka. parachute. Cf.
kivuli, uvuli. *mwele (waele, wawele) invalid, cripple. Cf.

mwendesha (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one
ueie.
who makes something go. — gari. wagon mwenge (mi-) {rare kienge, vi-) 1. tuft of straw,
mwawadhi* (wa-) see mwawazi.
driver. — gari la moshi. locomotive engi- etc., used for starting a fire. 2. torch, fig.:
neer. — ndege. aviator, pilot. Cf. enda. — wa jua. sunlight.
mwengero 386 mwiga mwigaji mwinyi
387
mwengero (mi-) 1. mwengero (palm wine in the mwerevu (wa-) clever/cunning/deceitful person, mwigaji, mwiga, mwigishaji (wa-) (exact, care- mwina (mi-) cavity, pit. kina.
Cf.
fermenting stage), 2. mwengero (the portion fox, cheat. Cf. erevu. ful) imitator, mimic; actor. Cf. iga.
of palm wine due the owner of a tree who
mwinamishi (wa-) 1. one who forces others to
allows others to tap it). mwerezi* (mi-) cedar tree (Pygeum africanum).
Imwigo (mi-) 1. (act of) imitating, imitation. bend, oppressor, tyrant. 2. one who submits
2. counterfeiting, forging, forgery, Cf. iga. to others. Cf. inama.

mwenu poss. pron. 2nd pers. pi. see -enn. mwetu poss. pron. 1st pers. pi. see -etu.
mwinamo (mi-) 1. bending, stooping. 2. de-

^mwigo (wa-) ornith. mwigo (large dove).
mwenye, mwenyewe, mwenyi, mwinyi (wenye) mwewe (— ) ornith. African kite. clivity, slope. Cf. inama.
owner, proprietor (usually w. foil. pbj.). —
nyumba (chombo). owner of a house (ship). mweza (we-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who has mwiko (miiko) 1. (large) spoon, ladle, 2,
mwinda (wa-) see mwindaji.
— dcr.i. debtor. — kudhamini. ~narantor puWci uvci BumcLuiiig/ someone. — ncni. ruler (mason's) trowel. Cf. kijlKO.
bondsman. - kuhozi. monopolist. — of a country. — mwenyewe. one who is his own mwindaji, mwinda, mwinzi (wa-) hunter, Cf.
wazimu. madman. — juhudi. comm. activist. master, a self-reliant/capable person. Mweza ^mwiko (miiko) 1. (act of) abstention; thing winda.
enye, mwenyeji, umwinyi. yote. Almighty = God). Cf. weza.
Cf. ( abstained from, taboo, — wa nyama. food
taboo, shika (vunja) — observe

. (break) a mwingamo (mi-) see "mwungamo.
mwenyeji (wenyeji) 1. (regular) owner, pro- mwezekaji (we-) thatcher, roofer. Cf. ezeka. taboo, med. regimen, diet, — wa
2. mganga.
prietor. 2, master of a house, host. 3.
doctor's orders. mwingasiafu, mbwanda (mi-) mwingasiafu (kind
native (of a place), resident, inhabitant. mwezeko (mi-) (act of) thatching (a roof). Cf.
of bean, Canavalia ensiformis).
Cf. enye, mwenye, kienyeji. ezeka. mwiku sing, leftovers (of food, saved from the
evening meal for the following morning). Mwingereza* (Waingereza) Englishman. Cf.
mwenyekiti (wenyekiti) 1. chairman, president. mwezi (mi-) 1. moon. — mkubwa. full moon.
Kiingereza, Uingereza.
2. member (of parliament, etc.). — mchanga (or mwandamo). new moon. —
mwiii (miili) 1. body (human or animal). 2,
umepatwa. eclipse of the moon. 2. month.
trunk (excluding the head). 3. fig., av. fu- mwingi (wingi) see -ingi.
mwenyewe (wenyewe) 1. -self, mimi — nime- — mkubwa. month of thirty days. — mpungufu.
selage. Cf. kiwiliwili; also wili (?).
mwona. I have seen him myself. 2. rare

= month of twenty-nine days, kila — . monthly.
mwingilizi (wi-) mwingilizi (a man who marries
mwenye. 3. Tec. artificial satellite, sputnik. 4. rare
mwima (wa-) 1. a person who carries himself the wife of his deceased brother, in accor-
menstruation. Cf. kimwezi. erect/has good posture. a party of
2, (mi-) dance with the practice of levirate). Cf.
mwenyezi (< mwenye ezi) (— ) rel. possessor
women who are making arrangements for a ingia.
of power (= Cod). - Mungu. God Almighty. mwia (wa-) someone who lends money /gives = maziko.)
funeral, ( Cf. wima.
credit, creditor. Cf. Avia.
mwingine (wingine) see -ingine.
mwenzi (wenzi) 1. friend, acquaintance, mwimba, mwimbaji (wa-) singer, waimbaji.
companion, comrade, colleague, us. tv. mwiba (miiba) 1. thorn, barb, sting, seng'enge
chorus, choir. Cf. imba. mwingizaji, mwingizi (we-) one who introduces
poss. suff. mwenzangu. my friend, yenye miiba. barbed wire. — wa nyuki. sting
something (a custom, etc.). Cf. ingia.
mwenzio. your friend, mwenziwe. his of a bee. — wa samaki. fishbone. 2. fig.
mwimbaji (wa-) see mwimba.
friend, 2. associate, partner (in a busi- needle, pin. 3. spur (on a boot).
mwinjilisti* \_Engl. J (we-) rel. evangelist.
ness). 3, accomplice. Cf. enda. mwimbishi (wa-) singing teacher; conductor,
mwibaji (wa-) rare see mwizi. director (of a chorus). Cf. imba. mwinuko (mi-) 1. (act of) raising, lifting, eleva-
mwere (mi-) mwere (species of wild cotton-
tion. 2. prominence, hill, Cf. inua,
plant). mwiga (wa-) see mwigaji.
mwimo (miimo) (door-) post, (window-) frame.
Cf. wima. mwinyi (we-) see mwenye.

.
mwomba mwombaji 389 mwuguzi
mwinzi (we-) rare see mwindaji. mwizi (wezi) see mwivi. mwombaji, muombaji, mwomba, mwombi
(wa-) mwongozi (wa-) guide, leader. _ mwenye
1. one who asks for/requests
something, madaraka. responsible leader. Cf. ongoa.
mvviro (mi-) {us. — wa tembo) trunk of an ele- ^mwoga (wa-) timid/timorous person, coward. petitioner. 2. beggar. 3. rel. one who (re-
phant. (~ mkono, mkonga.) 2 oga. gularly, habitually) prays.
Cf. Cf. omba. mwongozo (mi-) 1. guidance, direction. 2.
instruction, advice. 3. commentary. 4,
mwisho. 1. (mi-) end, conclusion, siku ya — mwombelezi (wa-) 1. rare suppliant, petitioner.
^mwoga (wa-) see mwogaji. manual, textbook. Cf. ongoa.
{or kiyama). last day, day of judgment. 2. 2. mourner. omba, omboleza.
Cf.
completion, goal. 3. result, outcome. 4.
mwogaji, mwoga (wa-) bather. *oga. mwonjaji (wa-) taster, one who tastes/tries
Cf.
destruction, death. 5. adv. {also mwishoni, mwombezi (wa-) intercessor, advocate. food, etc.
Cf. Cf. onja.
mwishowe) finally, conclusively,, irrevo- omba.
_ i mwogeleaji (wa-) swimmer. Cf. k>e&.
cably. b. —a — . ad], tmal. C/. "isha.
mwonjo (mi-) 1. (act of) tasting/trying. 2. test,
mwombi (wa-) see mwombaji. trial.
mwogo, mogo (mi-) bathing, siku ya — . day on 3. experience. Cf. onja.
mwishowe adv. see mwisho 5.
which boys bathe for the first time after cir-
mwonevu (wa-) bully; tyrant, despot. Cf. ona,
cumcision. Cf, oga. mwonyeshaji (wa-) demonstrator, illustrator.
Mwislamu*, Msilimu, Muslimu, Musilimu (wa-) onevu.
Cf. ona.
Moslem, Mohammedan. Cf. silimu, Islamu.
mwogofyo (mi-) threat, intimidation Cf. oga.
mwongeza (wa-) see mwongezi. mwonzi (mi-) sunbeam, ray of light.
mwita (wa-) see mwitaji.
mwoka (wa-) see mwokaji.
mwongezi, mwongeza (wa-) 1. fluent/eloquent mwosha (wa-) see mwoshaji.
mwitaji, mwita (wa-) one who calls/summons. person, good conversationalist.
mwokaji, mwoka (wa-) 2. gossip,
baker. Cf. oka,
Cf. ita. chatterbox. Cf. ôngea. mwoshaji, mwosha (wa-) 1. one who washes (in
mwoko (mi-) baking, roasting. Cf. oka.

gen.). 2.: — maiti. person who makes a busi-
mwito (mi-) {also wito) 1. call, summons; ^wongo, mlongo (mi-) 1. number, yuko katika ness of washing corpses, undertaker.
Cf.
invitation, itikia — . reply to/accept an
miongo yao. He osha.
mwokosi, mwokoti (wa-) 1. {also mwokotaji) is one of them. loc. mwo-
invitation. 2. slogan, watchword. 3. call-
one who picks up/gathers something. 2.
ngoni {us. miongoni) mwa... in the midst of...,
ing, vocation; inclination, proclivity. Cf.
finder (of a lost object). Cf. okota.
from a number of... 2. decade (division of a mwosho (mi-) (act, manner, place of) washing.
ita.
month). — wa kwanza. first decade. — wa Cf. osha.
mwokotaji (wa-) 1. = mwokosi. 2. fig. tax-

kati. second (middle) decade. — wa mwisho.
mwitu (mitu, miitu) forest, jungle, mnyama mwote
collector. third (last) decade. 3. {us. -a miongo) see -ote.
Cf. okota.
wa — wild animal. — mnene, gongo
. la —
decimal, hesabu za miongo. decimal arith-
dense forest, jungle. Cf. kimwitu, msitu.
mwokoti (wa-) see mwokosi. methic, decimals. mwozi (wa-) one who performs the marriage
ceremony. Cf. oa.
mwivi (wevi) {also mwizi, mwibaji) thief, o
mwokozi (wa-) 1. one who saves/rescues, 2. mwongo, miongo (waongo, wawongo) liar,
robber. Cf. iba.
(also rel.). deliverer, savior, preserver.
mwua (wa-) see mwuaji.
Cf. deceiver. Cf. Iwongo, uwongo.
•ôkoa.
mwivu (waivu) envious/jealous person. Cf.
mwuaji, mwua (wa-) 3
mwongofu (wa-) murderer. Cf. ua.
{us. w. foil, obj.) one who is
wivu.
mwomba (wa-) see mwombaji. directed/guided to something. - wa dini.
mwuguzi, mwaguzi (wa-) medical attendant,
= mdeni.) rel. a convert. - wa kazi. clever/skilful
mwiwa (wa-) debtor. ( Cf. Avia. nurse, orderly. Cf. ugua.
person, specialist, expert. Cf. ongoa.
390
391
mwuja* (mi-) see mauja. confession. 3. prophet, (us. - Muhammad). mwuza (wa-) see mwuzaji. mzalia (wa-) see mzaliwa.
Cf. ûngama.
mwujiza*, mwujizi, muujiza (mi-) 1. something mwuzaji, mwuza, muuzaji (wa-) seller, sales- mzalianyuma (mi-) see mzaanyuma.
remarkable/supernatural. 2. rel. miracle. mwungamaji (wa-) see mwungama. man, trader. Cf. uza.
3. surprise.
mzalisha, mzalishi, mzalishaji
(wa-) midwife.
mwungamishi (wa-) 1. one who receives/elicits/ m.y. = maana yake. that is to say, i.e.
Cf. zaa.
mwulimwengu (wa-) see mlimwengu. forces a confession. 2. rel. confessor, Cf. See maana.
ungama.
mzaliwa, mzalia, mzawa (wa-) 1. a person born
mwumba, mwumbaji (wa-) see muumba. Myahudi* (wa-) Jew. Cf. Kiyahudi. (in a certain place, etc.), native,
inhabitant
'mwungamo, muungamo (mi-) 1. admission, (of a place). — mhplp. fJrot.k^™ _ L
„„ Ha .
mwumbi, mumbi (mi-) ornith. mwumbi (a large myombo, muyombo (mi-) myombo (kind of tree;
acknowledgment, recognition (of an. obliga- someone born here. 2. a native/local plant.
bird resembling the bittern). the bark is used for making cloth).
tion, etc.). 2. rel. confession. Cf. ungama. Cf. zaa.
mwumikaji (wa-) see muumishi. myugwa (mi-) bot. taro plant. Cf. mayugwa, mzama, mzamaji (wa-) drowning person.
^mwungamo, mwingamo (mi-) bot. mwungamo (a Cf.
2 jimbi.
tree from the bark of which a yellow dye is
mwumini (wa-) see mwamini.
prepared; = ^mkumbi). Cf. ûngamo.
Myunani* (wa-) (ancient) Greek, Hellene. mzamaji (wa-)
Cf. 1. = raZ ama. 2. diver (occupation
mwumishi (wa-) see muumishi. Kiyunani, Uyunani. 2
mwungano. or sport). Cf. zama.
mwunganisho (mi-) see
mwumizi (wa-) 1. someone who causes pain. mzaa (wa-) 1. one who gives birth/begets, mzambarau*
mwungano, mwunganisho, muungano (mi-) con- (mi-) mzambarau (species of plum
= muumishi. uma, umika.
2. Cf. parent. 2. coll. mother. - bibi. great- tree. Cf. zambarau.
nection, union, combination, alliance, coali-
grandmother. Cf. zaa.
tion. — wa nchi za Amerika. United States
mwunda, muunda, muundi (wa-) (always w. foil, mzamia (wa-) one who dives
of America. Cf. ûnga. for something. -
obj.) one who builds/constructs something mzaanyuma, mzalianyuma (mi-) mzaanyuma lulu, pearl-diver. 2 zama,
Cf. mzamaji 2.
(us. of wood). — chombo. shipbuilder. Cf. (variety of spurge/euphorbia; the roots
are
mwungo (mi-) see muungo.
lunda. used to prepare a medicine for treating mzamio, mzamo (mi-) (act of) diving. Cf. 2 zama.
gonorrhea).
mwungwana, mngwana, mungwana (waungwana,
mwundaji, mwundi, mwunzi (wa-) carpenter.
wangwana) 1. hist, free man (as opp. to mzamishi (wa-) 1. one who submerges. 2. person
Cf. *unda. mzabibu* (mi-) grapevine. - mwitu. wild
mtumwa, q.v.). 2. polite /cultivated/well- who employs divers. Cf.
2
zama.
grapevine, shamba la mizabibu. vineyard.
bred person, gentleman. Cf. kiungwana,
mwundi (wa-) see mwundaji. Cf. zabibu.
Kingwana, uungwana. mzamisho (mi-) employment of divers. Cf. 2 Z ama.
mwundo, muundo (mi-) 1. building, structure. mzabuni* (wa-) buyer, purchaser, bidder (at
^mwunzi (mi-) see mwundaji. mzamo (mi-) see mzamio.
2. pattern, model. 3. form, shape, kwa ku- auction). Cf. zabuni.
fuata -. according to pattern. Cf. unda.

mzandiki* (wa-), zandiki (ma-) li ar ,
2mwunzi sing., rare see uluzi, miunzi. deceiver,
mzaha* (mi-) 1. joke, jest, jina la -. nick-
hypocrite. Cf. zandiki, uzandiki.
mwungama, mwungamaji (wa-) 1. one who name, fanya -. joke, tease. 2. (act of)
admits/confesses that he has done wrong. mwuo (miuo) pointed stick used for digging. laughing at/deriding someone, fanyizia
imzao (wa-) 1. child, descendant, offspring
2. rel. penitent, one who confesses/goes to — . laugh at/deride someone. (of
a human being or an animal). 2. (wazao)
progeny, issue. Cf. zaa.
392 mzingi mzingi
393
mzao (mi-) birth, delivery. Cf. zaa. mziko (mi-) burial, interment. Cf. zika. mzingi (mi-) ornith. weaverbird. mzizimizi (wa-) see mzizimi.
mzawa (wa-) see mzalivva. mzikoziko (mi-) pharm. ipecac(uanha).

mzingile (mi-) labyrinth, maze. _ mwambaji. mzizimo (mi-) coolness, freshness. Cf. Zizima
rare puzzle. Cf. zinga.
mzazi (wa-) 1. one who gives birth/begets. 2. l
r izima 1. (wa-) grown-up person, adult. 2.
mzo* (mi-) 1. mzo (unit of weight, 160 kg). 2.
fertile woman/female animal. 3. parent, baba (wa-) healthy person. zima, uzima. mzingo (mi-)
Cf. 1. circle, curve, bend. 2. circum- rare sixty. 3. large number, great amount.
(mama) — . real father (mother). 4.: wazazi. ference, periphery. 3. environment, neighbor-
parents. Cf. zaa. hood.
2mzima (wa-) (always w. foil, obj.) one who 4. mil. encirclement, investment. mzoea, mzoevu (wa-)
Cf. one who is familiar with/
zinga.
extinguishes. — moto. fireman. Cf. zima. accustomed to something. _ wa bahari. ex-
mzee (wa-) 1. old man/woman. 2. respected/
perienced seatarer. Cf. ôea, zoevu.
dignified man. 3. elder. 4.: wazee. parents. mzinifu*, mzinzi (wa-)
mzimu (mi-) myth. 1. soul/spirit of a dead lecherous/immoral per-
5. ancestor. 6. liter.: — ndovu. the old ele- son, adulterer.
person/ancestor. 2. place where offerings Cf. zini, zinifu. mzoevu, mzoefu (wa-) see mzoea.
phant. Cf. zee.
are made to the spirits of ancestors. Cf.
mzinzi* (wa-) see mzinifu.
kuzimu, wazimu, zimwi. mzofafa* adv.: enda -. walk on tiptoe;
(fig.)
mzegazega* 1. (wa-) water-carrier (who carries
strut, show off.
two water-tins suspended from either end of mzio (mi-) prohibition, ban, taboo
mzinduko, mzinduo (mi-) 1. sudden awakening. (for medical
a carrying pole). 2. (mi-) water-tin. or magical reasons).
formal opening, inauguration ceremony. Cf. Izia. mzoga
2. (mi-) dead body, corpse (usually that
of
Cf. zindua. the victim of an accident,
found outside the
mzeituni* (mi-) (cultivated) olive tree. Cf. mzira (mi-) mzira (kind of fish, barracuda). home; cf. maiti/- carrion, carcass.
zeituni; also mchekele. = sansuri.)
mzinga (mi-) 1. (hollow) cylindrical object. (
{Cf. kuru.) — wa nyuki. beehive. 2. mil. mzomari*, mzumari (mi-) mzomari (a kind
of
mzembe (wa-) 1. negligent/slovenly person. mzishi (wa-)
cannon (barrel), piga — . fire a cannon. one who attends to a burial (either grass; the roots are used for making a
per-
2. careless/indifferent/superficial person.
mizinga ya salamu. salute, mizinga ya a friend who looks after the details of the fume).
Cf. zembe, kizembe, uzembe.
kupigia eropleni. antiaircraft artillery. ceremony or a professional undertaker, grave-
digger, etc.). Cf. zika. mzomeo
Cf. zinga. (mi-) abusive/sarcastic speech/remark,
mzengwe (mi-) secret meeting/council.
insult. Cf. zoma.
mzingatifu (wa-) see mzingativu. mziwanda, mzuwanda (wa-) last child (that a
z zeze.
mzeze (mi-) mzeze (kind of tree). Cf.
woman is capable of bearing). mzonazanje (-) mzonazanje (kind of snake).
mzingativu, mzingatifu (wa-) 1. someone with
mzia (mi-) see msia. mziwaziwa
a good memory. 2. sensible/thoughtful per- (mi-) mziwaziwa (a swamp plant, mzozo (mi-) quarrel, dispute, difference of
son. 3. person without rigid opinions, un- Cyperus flabelliformis). opinion; nagging, fault-finding.
Cf. zoza.
mzibo (mi-) 1. (act of) closing, stopping. 2.
prejudiced/liberal-minded person. Cf.
stopper, plug, bung. 3. (electric) plug. 4.
zingatia. mzizi (mi-) 1. root, root-fiber. 2. medicinal mzuhali*, mzohari (wa-) someone who is habit-
fig. obstruction, stoppage. 5. fig. bolt (on
root. - wa fitina. coll. the root of the ually late/unpunctual, who is never on time.
a door). Cf. ziba. trouble.
mzingefuri*, msingefuri (mi-) kind of plant
(anatta, from which an orange dye is pre- mzuka (wa-, mi-) spirit, ghost, phantom, vision.
mzigo (mi-) 1. load, burden, funga — . pack/tie
mzizimi, mzizimizi (wa-) l
pared). Cf. zingefuri. 1. adventurer, globe- Cf. zua, zuka.
up a load. — wa bidhaa. load of merchandise.
trotter. 2. swindler, confidence man. Cf.
mizigo. baggage. 2. fig. sorrow, loss. 1
mzingi see msingi. zizima.
mzumai* (mi-) mzumai (kind of millet).
.
394 395 nafsi
^mzurnai* (mi-) flotsam and jetsam, driftwood. mzungushi (wa-) someone who twists/dis-
N
torts. — maneno. 1. someone who twists
words. 2. loquacious person. Cf. zungua. na 1. with, and. yeye na baba yake. he and his
^mzumai* lemon grass, khuskhus grass. nadhiri* (-) oath, vow
(mi-) (often rel.J. weka -.
father (lit.: with his father),
= mchai.) pamoja -. to- take an oath, ondoa -. keep a vow.
(
gether with. 2. in
expressions equivalent to
mzungusho (mi-) 1. round, circuit. 2. a forced Engl, 'have,' 'be': alikuwa na
fedha. He had nadi* 1. make known, announce, proclaim. 2.
turning back/return. Cf. zungua. money, fedha aliyo nayo. the money which
mzumari* (mi-) see mzomari. fig. offer for public sale, auction off. appl.
he had. hana budi. He has no alternative. nadia. caus. nadisha. pass, nadiwa. Cf.
He must. loc. pana, kuna, mna (muna). mnada, mnadi.
mzumbao sing. 1. astonishment, amazement. lzushi (wa-) see mzu2 Th,
...). 3. by
2. embarrassment, confusion, pigwa (shi-
(expressing the agent w. the pass.), nadra* adj.
chakula rare, scarce, uncommon, unusual.
kwa) na — . be astonished/embarrassed/
kilipikwa na mke. The food has
mzuwanda (wa-) see mziwanda. been cooked
nonplussed.
by the woman. 4. also, but, however, alisa- nafaika*, nufaika be successful, have an ad-
firi kufika Tanga hakukutana na mwenziwe. vantage, prosper, win. caus. nafaisha,
He took a trip to Tanga but did not
mzuza (wa-) arch, one who visits a witch find his nufaisha. caus.-ass. nafaishana, nufaishana.
Imzungu (mi-) 1. something remarkable/ friend.
doctor/who believes in magical powers. be mutually profitable.
Cf. nafuu.
amazing/rare. 2. talent, ability. 3. skill,
Cf. zua, -zuka.
dexterity. 4. trick, feat. 5. instinct (of naam* 1. affirm, part, yes, certainly, of course, nafaka* (_) grain, cereal (in gen.).
an animal). 6. mizungu ethn. instructions 2. intern part. I'm sorry? (would you mind
given to girls at the age of puberty. Cf. repeating what you said,
nzuzi, mzushi (wa-) 1. innovator, inventor, I didn't understand). nafasi* (_) 1. room, space, facilities. 2. spare
zungu, kizungu, uzungu. time, leisure.
reformer. 2. slanderer, talebearer. Cf. 3. opportunity, possibility.
nabihi* understand, notice, perceive, remember, wa na -. have an opportunity.
zua, ^zuka. 4. (also mus.)
be fully aware of. intr. nabihika. period of time, interval.
caus. nabi- Cf. nafsi, nafisi,
'Mzungu (wa-) 1. a European. 2. cards: — wa hisha. Cf. tanabahi. tanafusi.
mbili. queen. — wa tatu. jack, knave. — wa

mzuzu (wa-) 1. someone who is dejected/
nabii* (ma-) rel. prophet. nafasika*, nafasisha
nne. king, Cf. zungu, Kizungu, Ûzungu. see nafisi*.
shocked/dismayed. 2. simpleton, green-
horn. Cf. zuzu, zuzua.

nadhari* (-) 1. (power of) judgment, discretion, nafidhi* 1. preserve, protect. 2. help, rescue.
izunguko (mi-), kizunguko (vi-) 1. circular good sense. 2. perspicacity, penetration,
movement. 2. turn, bend, njia ya — discernment. 3. decision, choice, wa na nafisi* (us. caus. nafisisha, nafasisha)
support,
mzuzu (mi-) mzuzu (kind of tree, the roots
roundabout way, detour. 3. whirlpool, vor- (hana) -. He has the (no) choice. 4. look, maintain, provide for (with money), help
out.
are used for preparing a medicine).
surroundings, environment. gaze, glance. Cf. tanadhari. intr.nafisika, nafasika. be well off/in easy
tex, eddy. 4.
5. astr. course, orbit (of a planet). 6. fig. circumstances, refl.-caus. jinafisisha. make
nadhifisha* clean up, put in good order, arrange. oneself comfortable, take it easy.
outline, contour. Cf. zungua. Cf. nafasi.
''mzuzu (mi-) mzuzu (kind of banana which Cf. nadhifu.
is cooked when unripe). nafsi* (_) 1. breath, vital essence, soul. 2.

nzungumzaji (wa-) amusing person, good
nadhifu* adj. clean, neat, orderly, well kept. self, individuality, personality. - yangu. I
conversationalist. Cf. zungumza.
Cf. nadhifisha, unadhifu. myself, anajipenda -. He loves himself.
Cf. nafasi.
nafu 396 nambawani 397
nami ( < na mimi) and I, I too. nasa

nafuu* (— ) 1. advantage, benefit, gain, prov. nakawa* adj. 1. pure, clean. 2. fig. immaculate, seize, grasp;
catch, hold on to.
mnyama
kuvuja pakacha — ya mchukuzi. If something faultless; good-looking. Cf. jinaki. amenaswa katika mtego. The
animal has
namna* [PersJ (_) i. kind> sort> quality>
falls out of the (heavy) basket, that is a been caught in the trap. appl. nasia. intr.
kila -. of all sorts, various,
benefit to the carrier. 2. increase, growth, nak di*, nakudi (— )
:
cash, payment in cash. heterogeneous. nasika. caus. nasisha. inv. nasua. set free,
increment. — - gani? of what kind? dukani kwake kuna release (from a trap).
3. fig., fin. profit, pata . to
mnaso; also nata.
Cf.
profit. 4. fig., med. improvement, recupera- nakili*, nakulu 1. copy. 2. translate. appZ.
viatu - kwa
_. In his store there are shoes
of every kind. 2. pattern,
tion, amepata — He . is improving/getting nakilia. intr. nakilika. caus. nakilisha. model, example. nasaba*(_) lineage, descent.
1. 2. genealogy,
= nakala. 3. form, tabulation, paradigm.
better. Cf. manufaa, nafaika. 3. (— ) 4. (-) translation. Cf. family tree. 3. relations, relatives, kinsfolk.'
manukuu, nakala, kinakilo. sina - naye. I am not related to him.

namua take Cf.
out, remove, set free,
naliaii* (_) 1. PYnlanaHnn. 9. f»YrijsP ; Pvasjrm, extricate, nasihn.
pretext. 3. grammar, syntax. 4. rare mean- nakisi* 1. lessen, reduce, curtail. 2. (— ) re-
nanaa* pi. mint (leaves).
ing. duction, cut (in pay); deficit, shortage; flaw, Cf. mnanaa. nasaha* (-) request for forgiveness/pardon.
blemish. Cf. nasihi.
nanasi* [/>««.] (ma-) pineapple.
nahodha* (ma-) 1. naut. captain, prov. chombo Cf. mnanasi,
unanasi.
cha manahodha wengi huzama. A ship with nako (<nahuko) and here. nasi (<nasisi) and we, we too.
many captains is liable to sink = Many
(
nane eight, -a -. eighth.
cooks spoil the broth). 2. zool. heron, nakshi*, nakishi 1. carve, engrave, decorate Cf. manane.
2
nasi* [Engl.l (-, ma-)
appl. nurse.
cormorant. (with carving, embroidery, etc.).
nanga* [Pers. ] (_) naut. anchor,
nakshia. intr. nakshika. 2. (-) carving, tia -. cast
anchor, ng'oa -. weigh anchor. nasibisha* see 2 nasibu.
naibu* (ma-), niabu, niaba (— ) representative, engraving, (carved) ornamentation.
deputy, delegate, kwa niabu ya... in the

nang'anika be fat/greasy/oily. âsibu*
place of, on behalf of, in the name of. Cf. nakudi* (— ) see nakidi. (-) 1. {us. bahati -) luck, chance,
unaibu. kwa _. by chance, perhaps. 2. fate, destiny.
nangonango (-) worm (in the bowels).
ikulu* see nakili
kili. 3.: bahati — . lottery.
nailoni* [.Engl. J (— ) nylon.

nani? interrog. pron. who? -a _. whose?
nama 1. be flexible/pliable. 2. adj. flexible,
nasibu*, nasibisha trace someone's genealogy.
(-) see nauruzi. pliable, elastic, plastic, kijiti kinama.
Cf. nasaba.
nanigwanzula (_) nanigwanzula (a small lizard).
flexible stick. Cf. kinamo.
naizesheni benefiting from the effects of...

nasiha* (_)
nanua 1. true/sincere friend. 2. wise/
(-) number. - break/split open, open by force,
namba*, nambari [Engl.l 1. intr.
reliable adviser. Cf. nasihi.
— ya simu. telephone nanuka. be split open.
najisi* 1. (— ) (ritual) uncleanness; filth, dis- kwanza. first quality.
order. 2. adj. unclean, impure, dirty, filthy; number, tia — . to number — tasa. math.
nasihi* 1. advise, give (good) advice.
2. (ma-) quantity, manamba. nanvi (< na ninyi) and you you too.
2. beg
(fig.) profane. 3. v. (also caus. najisisha) prime number. (pi.),
for forgiveness/pardon. Cf. nasaha, nasiha.
soil, pollute, defile; (fig.) profane, desecrate; (great) crowd (of people).
nao (<na wao) and they, they too.
violate, ravish (a woman). Cf. mnajisi, nasua inv. of nasa.
nambari* [Engl.~] (-, ma-) see namba.
unajisi.
napukia be flexible/limber/elastic.
nasuri* (_) m ed. fistula.
copy. - ya pili. nambawani* [Engl.l (ma-) rare acknowledged
nakala*, nuku, nakili (-) 1.
nargisi* (-) narcissus.
duplicate. 2. issue, number (of a periodical). leader, victor, first-class man; a thing of first
nata 1. be sticky /viscous. 2. stick/spread on.
3. article (in a periodical). Cf. manukuu, quality.
3. fig.: jinata. boast. Cf. nasa.
nakili.
. !
natija 398 ndege nd ege

399 ndizi
o
natija* (— ) result. nchi, inchi (— ) 1. country. — yetu (or ya kwetu). ndege (-) si gn , om en. - njema (mbaja). a
our country, our homeland. — za Afrika. the
ndimi Unimimi) (emph.) That is me! I'm
good (bad) sign/omen.
the one!
nauli* 1= hire, pay fare. 2. pay freight, caus. countries of Africa. — kubwa. the great powers.
naulisha. make arrangements for shipping, ndugu wa — moja. compatriot, fellow country- ndema(-) see dema.
charter. 3. (-) freight(age) mnawili. man, fukuza katika — deport, exile (from a ndimi pi.
Cf. . of ulimi.
country). 2. land, earth. — kavu. dry land (as ndere (-): uganga wa -. (kind of) powder (re-
nauruzi*, nairuzi, neruzi LPers.J (—) Nauruz opp. to bahari). — sawa. level country. 3. garded as a love-charm). ndimo (< ni humo) (emph.) In there is where
(Persian New Year's Day, 22 March). rare district, region. it is!
nderemo (-) see mteremo.

navya caus. of nawa. ndago (— ) ndago (a weed, 'nut grass,' Cyperus ndimu* llnd.2 (-) lime (fruit). Cf. mdi m „ :
rotundus). — mwitu. papyrus grass. nderi (_) ornith. nderi (large bird of prey
nawa wash (hands, face, feet), caus. nawisha, similar to a
ndinyi ( < „i ninyi) (emph.) You (pi.) are the
condor).
navya. provide with water for washing (be- ndakaka (— ) ndakaka (long thin pole used in ones! Especially you
fore a meal), appl. nawia. maji ya kunawa. thatching roofs). ndevu pi. 1. beard, whiskers. 2. fig. awn,
water for washing. Cf. manavva. beard (of grain). ^dio (<ni wao) (emph.) They
3. wattle (of birds). are the ones!
Cf.
ndala (— ) see ndara. udevu. Especially them!
nawe (< na wewe) and you (sing.), you too.
ndama (— ) 1. calf. 2. young of some other ndewe, njewe (-) 1. anat. lobe of the ear. ndio see ndiyo.
nawiri* shine, glow (of the face: have a animals. — ya mbuzi. kid.
2. hole pierced in the lobe of the ear (to
healthy appearance, pleasant expression).
receive an earring). ndipo (< ni hapo) (emph.) It is there/then
Cf. nuru. ndani 1. (— ) inner part, inside. 2. adv. inside,
(that...), aliufunga mlango - akaenda
within. — ya... inside of... alifika mpaka — zake.
ndezi (-) sleepiness, drowsiness; indolence, He first locked the door and then he
naye (< na yeye) and he (she, it), he (she, it) He came all the way inside, aliingia — He.
went
laxity. his way.
too. went in. 3. inwardly, secretly, anadhani —
ya moyo wake. He thought in his innermost
ndezi (-) ndiposa con/., dial, therefore, consequently.
ndezi (kind of rat).
nazaa* 1. quarrel, dispute. appZ. nazia. heart. Cf. kindanindani, undani.
appl.-ass. naziana. quarrel with each other.

ndia (-)
ndisi (
< ni sisi ) ( em ph.). We are the ones!
2. (— ) quarrel, dispute, dissension, hostili- ndara, ndala (— ) ndara (leather sandal without see njia.
Especially us !
ty. Cf. mnazaa. decoration).

ndiga (_) ndiga (kind of wild grass,
Dioscorea
ndivyo < ni hivyo) (emph.)
nazi (— ) (ripe) coconut, prov. — mbovu harabu ndaro (— ) boasting, bragging, sema maneno ya dumetorum). ( It is in this/that
way (that...), kama -. that is the
ya nzima. A bad coconut destroys the good — make
. boastful statements.
If way it
ndigano (-) ndigano (disease of cattle espe-

is. _ hivyo. in this very way.
one. Cf. mnazi.
ndau (— ) dipper, bailer (used for bailing out
cially prevalent on the east
coast of Africa,
ndiyo, ndio < „i hiyo) (emph.) That is the
ncha (— ) 1. tip, point. — ya kalamu. point of boats). Cf. ndoo. 'east-coast fever'), katika wilaya hiyo iko
(
way it is! Yes!

a pencil. 2. end, extremity, peak. — ya -. The east-coast fever has appeared
in
(south)
these districts.
kaskazini (kusini). geogr. north ^ndege, dege, (arch. ) nyuni (— ) 1. bird. 2. fig.
ndizi (-) banana, plantain (fruit of the imgomba,
pole. 3. strand (of a rope, etc.). 4. (final) {also — ulaya) airplane. — yenye kutua majini q.v.).
ndilo (< ni hilo) (emph.) That
result, outcome. (or — yenye magalawa). seaplane. — is it!
ya jet.
jet airplane. — ya upelelezi. reconnaissance

plane.
ndc 400 ndu\ ndwele 401
ndoa (— ) marriage, wedding, matrimony, fun pa ndugu (— ) 1. relative of the same generation: ndwele (-) dial. - uele. 3, name, designate; declare, makamu
— . conclude a marriage, vunja — . break up brother, sister, cousin. — mume. brother.
ame-
mnena waziri wa ukulima. The president has
a marriage. Cf. oa. — mke. sister. — mzazi. blood brother. —
ndweo (— ) pride, arrogance. named the minister of agriculture, caus. nenesha,
tumbo moja. child of the same mother, half
neneza. appl. nenea. speak against, contradict
ndoana (— ) fishhook. brother/sister. — wa kunyonya. foster
neema* (-) 1. rel. (divine) favor, grace, someone, appl.-ass. neneana. speak against
brother. 2. friend, fellow tribesman. 3, fig.
blessing, benefaction. 2. well-being, com- each other, argue, blame/accuse each
other,
ndoero (— ) ornith. ndoero (kind of bird, crab- citizen, conational. 4. fig. birthmark. Cf.
fort. 3. wealth, prosperity, abundance. recriminate. Cf. neno, kijineno, mnena,
plover). kidugu, udugu.
4. generosity, aid, support. neemeka, mnenaji, mnenea, unenaji.
Cf.
neemevu, uneemevn.
ndogoro (— ) zool. ndogoro (species of ante- ndui pi., med. smallpox (a single pustule =
"nena (ma-) anat. groin.
lope, waterbuck). udui). mgonjwa wa — victim . of smallpox. Cf. kinena.
neemefu* adj. see neemevu.
chanja — . vaccinate for smallpox.
nenda see enda.
ndole pi. of udole.
neemeka* 1. be in comfortable circumstances/
nduli (— ) 1. cruel/brutal person, ruffian, thug.
well-off, own property. 2. be generous/ nene adj. 1. thick, broad; fat (of persons or
ndondi adv. with the fist(s). pigana — . fight 2. murderer. 3. rel. angel of death.
charitable. 3. make a good profit. Cf. animals), corpulent. 2. complete,
with the fists, box. full. 3.
neema. fig.: sauti -. a deep voice.
ndumakuwili (— ) zool. blindworm (which is Cf. nenepa,
unene; also nona.
ndongoa (— ) ndongoa (custom of killing an popularly believed to have a mouth at either
neemevu*, neemefu adj. plentiful, abundant;
animal Lgoat, oxj in front of the house of a end; cf. uma, kuwili/
in comfortable circumstances, prosperous; nenepa become fat/corpulent/unwieldy
deceased person). (of per-
generous, charitable. Cf. neema, neemeka. sons; see nona/ caus. nenepesha.
ndume (— ) 1. see uume. 2. male (of animals). Cf.
nene.
ndonya (— ) ndonya (wooden disc/plug inserted 3. strong/vigorous man. Cf. ume.
nektai* [Engl.'] (-) necktie.
in a woman's upper lip LMakonde, Wiha,
neneza caus. of ^nena.
Nyasa]). ndumiko, umiko (— ) instrument (horn) used for
neli* Und. ~\
(_) tube, pipe.
cupping/bleeding. Cf. umika.
neno (ma-) 1. word, expression, utterance. - la
ndoo (— ) 1. bucket, pail; dipper, bailer, scoop.
nema rare bend (jntr.). caus. nemesha. intr. kweli. a true word. 2. pi., rare
2. bucket of a dredger, one of the recepta- nduni (— ) novelty, latest fashion/rage. language,
nemeka. dance gracefully. dialect. 3. pi. discussion, debate.
cles on a conveyor belt. 4. state-
ndururu adj., coll. ment, assertion. 5. (important) matter, affair,

thin, light, weak; small,
nembo (-) tribal mark/tattoo. Cf. rembo, (matter for) concern. - hili limetukasirisha.
ndorobo (— ) tsetse fly. (= mbung'o, chafuo.) undersize (of persons).
urembo. This matter has annoyed us. _ s iri. secret.
6. objection, sina -. I have no objection.
ndoto (— ) 1. dream(ing). 2. rare sleep, ndusi* (-, ma-) box (us. covered with rawhide;
nemsi* (— ) rare good name, honorable reputa- Cf. *nena.
drowsiness. Cf. "'ota. used by women for clothing, personal orna-
tion.
ments, etc.). Cf. mandusi.
=
nepa bend down, sink, dip, sag (of a tree branch,
ndovu (— ) dial, elephant. ( tembo.)
1 etc.). caus. nepesha. bend down, press down.
nduu (— ) dial. - njugu.
nena 1. speak, talk, articulate. - vizuri,
nduara (— ) nduara (a sea-fish).

usiseme puani. Articulate clearly, don't
talk through the nose. neruzi* (-) see nauruzi.
nduvi pi. of uduvi. 2. mention, speak
ndubi (— ) naut. outrigger.

of, talk about. Unayemnena na mfahamu.
know nesa 1. bend, sag (as a branch).
I the person you are talking about. (Cf. nepa.;
2. strike, beat.
402 n para
403 ngojo
ng'amua find out, learn about, discover, un- 2 ngara

neva* {.Engl. J (— ) anat. nerve. (-) rare 1. skin, hide, leather (= ngozi).
ng'o, ng'oo inter/, expressing contempt,
ravel; disclose (a secret). Cf. mang'amung'amu. 2. ngara (a leather headband worn by chiefs). derision, refusal.
ng'aa, ng'ara, ng'ala shine, gleam, glitter,
Ing'anda (— ) handful. ng'ara see ng'aa.

sparkle, caus. ng'aza, ng'ariza, ng'aliza. ngoa (_) 1. desire, lust, timiza -. satisfy
Cf. mng'ariza, mng'arizo, mng'aro, ung'aro. desire. 2. envy, jealousy.
ng'arange (-) heartwood (of a tree).
^ng'anda, ng'andu sing., astr. Venus.
ngabu (— ) chisel, gouge (~ bobari). ng'oa 1. tear out, pull/dig up. _ mzizi. pull
ngariba (ma-) professional circumciser. up a root, fig., coll. - mzizi wa fitina. re-
^ng'anda (— ) cards pip, spot.
ngadu (— ) ngadu (kind of crab). move the roots of an evil. _ jino. pull a
ng'ariza caus. of ng'aa.
tooth. 2. raise, hoist. — tanga. naut.. **t
ng'akia growl, snarl, show the teeth (dogs, etc). sail. fig. _ safari, set out on a journey.
ngavu pi. of ugavu.
hold Cf. mng'oaji.
ng'ang'ama seize, grasp, catch hold of,
ng'ala see ng'aa.
fast (something moving, swinging: a branch,
ngawa (-) zool. civet cat, serval.
ngoe (-) augment, of kingoe.
etc.).
ngalawa, galawa (— ) naut. native boat with
ngazi (-) ladder, steps, (flight of) stairs,
outriggers. fig.; ngoeka {rare koeka) get hold of something
ng'ang'anaa 1. become dry /hard (from the
— ya noti. (musical) scale.
(fruit, etc.) with a hook (forked stick, etc.).
effects of the sun). 2. wilt, wither.
ng'aliza caus. of ng'aa. Cf. kingoe, ugoe.
Ngazija sing. Great Comoro Island.
Cf.
ng'ang'ania 1. rare beg, implore, entreat, plead
Kingazija, Mngazija.
Ingama (— ) ngama (kind of white clay). ng'ofu (-) fish-roe.
(persistently and urgently for something one
wants). 2. vie for, contest (the possession of

nge (-) see ng'ge. ngogo (-) ngogo (small fish).
2 ngama (-) hold (of a vessel), bilge (= banduru). something). Cf. ng'ang'anivu.
ngedere (-) ngedere (small black monkey).

ngoja 1. wait (for). 2. stay, remain behind,
ng'amba (-) 1. (kind of) turtle. 2. (chuma cha ng'ang'anivu adj. persistent, importunate. Cf.
stop. appl. ngojea. appl.-ass. ngojeana.
— tortoise-shell. ng'ang'ania.
) ngema dial. see njema. wait for each other; wait together,
caus.
ngojeza. postpone, adjourn; keep someone
ngambi (— ) communal work, mutual assistance Ingano (— ) rare, liter, story, tale, fable. ngeu (-) 1. red ochre. 2. mark, line (made by waiting. 3. guard, be on guard, keep watch.
(organized by a group of people living to-
native carpenters with red ochre). 3. fig. 4. <-) rare (red., w. int. force):
âmba. ngoja-ngoja
gether). Cf. bleeding from a head wound.
^ngano (— ) wheat. yaumiza tumbo. Long waiting hurts the
stomach. Cf. ngojo, kingojo, mngoja,
ng'ambo (-) 1. either of two opposite sides. house- ng'ge, nge (-)
ngao (— ) (also gao, ma-) 1. shield. 2. scorpion. mngojezi, ungojaji.
- ya huku. this side. 2. (- ya pili) other/
front, fagade.
opposite side (of a river, etc.). 3. prep.:
ngimbi pi. of ugimbi. ngojamaliko (-) ornith. (species of) heron,
- on the other side of... 4. rec. abroad.
ya...
ngapi interrog. pron. how many? saa — ? What bittern.
time is it? ngiri (-) 1. warthog. 2. rare wild boar.

ngamia* (-) 1. camel. 2. fig., coll.: ana shingo = nguruwe wa mwitu).
( mshipa wa -. ngojo (-) 1. stopping-place, station.
with a 2. wait-
ya -. She has a camel neck (of a girl
swollen scrotum, scrotal hernia.
Angara (— ) ngara (male blossom of maize). ing room. 3. guarding, surveillance. 4. mil.
long, slim neck, regarded as a mark of
patrol. Cf. ngoja.
ng'si (-) cuttlefish, wino wa -. sepia.
beauty).
. . .
ngole 404 n gumma

405 nikwata
ngole (— ) string, twine. ^ngovi (— ) see govi. angurumapo simba nani achezaye? When
the support, proof, corroboration;
comfort,
who dances then? Cf. ngurumo,
lion roars,
assurance. 4. monument. Cf. kiguzo.
ngoma (— ) (rare goma, ma-) 1. drum, piga — mngurumizi.
Aigovi (— ) see ngozi.
beat a drum. 2. dance, cheza (ingia) —
ng'wafua snatch, snap at something
music. ngurumo (of an
take part in a dance. 3. (-), kingurumo (vi-) any loud, deep
ngozi, ngovi (— ) 1. skin, hide, leather. 2. fig., animal).
sound: rumbling, thundering, growling,
sport football, football game. roar-
ng'ombe (— ), gombe (ma-) 1. cow, ox, cattle. ing, bellowing. - ya simba.
the roaring of a
ingwe (-) row/bed of plants.
— dume. bull.— jike. cow. — maksai. ox, hon. - ya radi. the rumbling of thunder.
1. 2. plot, parcel
nguchiro (— ) mongoose. Cf.
(of land). 3. the piece of land that a man
bullock, kama — milk a cow. ndama ya —
. nguruma. is
allotted or assigned to work in a day.
calf. prov. wawili hula — Two. can eat an l i \ „:jji„ »».J /„U», n«r 0nn /„.,»,
ox. 2. fig. stupid person. nguruwe (_) 1. swine, hog, pig. _ mw itu. wild
45). 2 ngwe
pig. - jike. sow. 2. (also nyama ya
pi. of ugwe.
-).
ngome (— ) 1. fort, fortress. 2. fortification, pork.
ngumbi (— ) ngumbi (winged white ant; cf. kumbi-
escarpment. ngwea 1. be exhausted/emaciated. 2. be wilted/
kumbi).
nguruzi (-) plug, peg. parched.
ng'onda 1. to dry fish. 2. (-) dried fish.

ngumi (ma-) fist, piga — . strike with the fist.
ng'uta see ng'ota.
ngwena (_) dial, crocodile. (= mamba.)
mpiga — . sport boxer.
Ing'ong'a (— ) 1. war horn. 2. the sound of
nguu (— ) mountaintop, peak. ni aux. v. be (serving as a copula),
such a horn. ng'ungwe (— ) 1. furrow (prepared for planting yeye ni
mgonjwa. He is ill.
seeds). 2. a piece of land allotted to some-
nguva (— ) dugong, manatee.
ng'ong'a 1. hum, buzz. 2. to make a con- one for cultivation.
nia* 1. (_) aim, goal, intention, purpose, kwa
temptuous noise with tongue and lips (the -. intentionally, bila -. unintentionally.
nguvu (-) 1. strength, power, force, energy.
ngungwi (— ) dial. see kungwi.
'raspberry'). Cf. king'ong'o.
tia nguvuni. arrest, place in custody. _ 2. (-) thought, idea; conscience. 3. v. have
ya
umeme. in mind, intend; decide.
electricity. - za atom, atomic energy. 4. v. consider, re-
ng'ongo pi. of ung'ongo. ^nguo (-) 1. cloth, fabric, material. — za kitanda, flect.
- za kubuni. creative forces. 2. power, ability, Cf. ania, nuia, nuio, manuwio.
bedclothes, fuma — weave cloth. 2. garment,
.
influence, authority. 3. importance, serious-
ng'ong'ona gnaw. clothing, dress, vaa (vua) — dress (undress)
.
niabu*, niaba (_)
ness. 4. passion, vehemence, kwa — . 1.
see naibu.
oneself, vika — . dress/clothe someone. 3.
strongly, energetically; with authority;
ngongongo (— ) (onom.) freight train. loincloth.
earnestly; passionately, vehemently. nidhamu* (_) order, discipline, endesha -.
2. by
force, under compulsion, reluctantly. maintain discipline.
ngono pi. 1. sexual intercourse. 2. bedtime,
^nguo (— ) nguo (a kind of bird regarded as a
nighttime. 3. polyg. a wife's turn for sleep- nie nie
bringer of misfortune). nguyu (-) anat. ankle bone. [Germ, niemand ?] no one at all.
ing with her husband. Cf. gona.
nguri (— ) wooden hammer (used by shoemakers). nguzi (-) nguzi (hole nikaha*, mikaha, nikahi (_) hi. marriage,
in the bottom of a boat to
ng'oo see ng'o. wedding,
let out water). fungisha -. solemnize a marriage,
nguru (— ) nguru (a large edible fish). perform the wedding ceremony.

ng'ota, ng'uta 1. gnaw. 2. tap, rap (as a wood-
nguzo (-) 1. prop, post, pillar, column, beam,
pecker). 3. pound, beat (pillows, rugs). 4.
roar, bellow nikwata (-)
nguruma rumble, thunder, growl, girder. 2. fig., hi.: - za Uislamu. the five nikwata (a species of small lizard
shake, sift.
(indicating any loud, deep sound), prov. which lives in houses).
articles of Muhammadan faith. 3. fig. basis,
.
nili 406 njongwanjongwa

407 nong ona
nili* (— ) indigo (the dye; cf. mnili). njatna (— ) 1. secret society. 2. secret meeting.
njorinjori 1. (ma-) a very tall man (often w. nofoa, nyofoa, nyafua pull off, strip off (meat
3. secret message/communication.
ref. to Nubians). 2. adj. tall. Cf. kingori- from bones). Cf. mnofu.
Inina (— ) liter, mother. ngori. kinjorinjori.
njari* pi. of ujari.
nofu (-) (piece of) lean meat. Cf. mnofu.
^nina aux. v. 1st pers. sing. I have. njozi (— ) phantom, apparition, ghost.
nje adv. 1. outside. — ya... outside of..., on
noga be tasty /sweet, taste sweet, appl.
the surface of... — ya maji. on the surface
ninga (— ) 1= ninga (species of pigeon). 2. njuga (-) njuga (a little bell, worn as an orna- nogea.
of the water. 2. sport offside,
Ninga (pr. n., fern.). ment and by dancers).
nokoa* iPers. J (ma-) 1. observer, spectator.
njegere (— ) (small variety of) pea, pigeon pea.
ning'inia move back and forth, swing, sway, "jUk'u \—i peanut, iijugunyasa. (ordinary) peanut 2. sub-overseer, assistant (on a plantation).
= karanga).
rock. cans, ning'iniza, ning'inisha. ( njugumawe. a hard variety of 3. comm. flunky, stooge, serf.
njeku (— ) undersized bull.
peanut (Madagascar/Bambara peanut). Cf.
nini interrog. pron. what? kwa — ? why? (more mnjugunyasa, mnjugumawe. noleo (ma-) 1. something used for sharpening:
njema, (dial. ) ngema 1. adj. ~ êma. 2. inter].
emphatic than mboria, q.v„). ya — (hii). Why whetstone, knife-sharpener, razor strop, etc.
Good! Certainly! Cf. vema.
njukuti pi. see uchukuti. 2. metal ring, ferrule (between the blade and
(that)? What for? una -? What's the matter
with you? — maana yake? What is the mean- handle of a knife). Cf. noa.
njenje (— ) coll. money.
njumu*, njumunjumu (— ) (metal) inlay work,
ing of that? hujambo -? How are you?
studding. Cf. mjume, mjumu. nomi* adv. brimful.
njewe (— ) see ndewe.
ninyi, nyinyi abs. pron. 2nd pers. pi. you (pi.).
njumunjumu (— ) see njumu. nona become fat (of animals), appl. nonea.
njia, ndia (— ) 1. way, route; road, street, path.
caus. nonesha. fatten (up). Cf. nono, kinono,
nipo see po. — kuu, highway. — ya reli. railway track. —
njuti* \_lnd. J (-) shoe (of European style). unono; also nene, nenepa.
ya kuzunguka. roundabout way, detour. — ya
nira* (-) (ox-)yoke. — panda, crossroads, loc.
kukata. shortcut.
n.k. abbr. - na kadhalika. and so forth. nondo (— ) 1. (kind of) moth. 2. liter, dragon.
njiani. on the way, en route. 2. elec: — kuu.
starch(-flour). (etc.).
nisha*, nishaa (-) rare
(power) main. 3. fig. way, means; method.
nonea kiss. ass. noneana. kiss each other.
(- *wanga.) — uwezavyo umtoe jelani. Use any
tumia zote
nne num. four, watu wanne. four people, —a
means to get him out of jail, umetumia —
see nisha.
— . fourth. nonga be troublesome/importunate/disagree-
nishaa* (-) gani? What kind of method are you using?
able, caus. nonza. 1. = nonga. 2. bore
Cf. ja.
medal, badge; order, decoration. noa sharpen, whet, hone. someone, exhaust someone's patience.
nishani* (-) — kisu. sharpen a Cf.
— meno. welcome, nongwa.

njiti (— ) 1. - kijiti. 2.: — za kibiriti. match. knife, fig. approve, appl.
nishati* (-) rare strength, exertion, energy. spoke of a bicycle wheel. nolea. ;iwe la kunolea. whetstone, intr.
3. rec.
nongo (-) 1. sweat, perspiration, 2. dirt on
noleka. caus. nolesha. Cf. noleo, kinoo,
njaa (-) 1. hunger, appetite, nina (naona) — manoleo.

perspiring skin.
njiwa (— ) pigeon, dove.
I am hungry. 2. food shortage, famine. —
There was a famine nong'ona whisper, int. nong'oneza. whisper
ilikuwa katika nchi hii.
njombo (— ) njombo (kind of fish). 4oa see 2 nvoai
something to someone. Cf. manong'onezo,
in this country.
mnong'onezi, mnong'ono, nong'onong'o,
njongwanjongwa adv. softly, quietly, stealthily, Noeli* \__Fr.-Engl. ] (-) Christmas.
njaanjaa (-) papyrus grass. unong'onezi.
surreptitiously, on tiptoe.
nong onong o 408 nokta nuku 409 nusudunia
nong'onong'o (ma-) 1. whispering. 2. fig. 2. int. concentrate one's thoughts on some- - mbili. colon. 4. fig. moment, second. _ nungunungu (_) see nungu.
rumor, gossip. thing (a particular desire, etc.), make a wish. moja. Just a moment. - tano. five seconds.
Cf. nong'ona.
Cf. nia 2, manuwio. nunu pi. of ununu.

nongwa (— ) 1. unpleasantness, annoyance, nuku* see nakili.
trouble. 2. malice, spite. Cf. nonga. nuio* (— ) aim, intention, purpose. Cf. nia 1, nunua buy, purchase; bargain over, make
a bid
nuia, manuwio. numbi (-) 1. throwing out a net (in fishing). on. appl. nunulia. intr. nunulika. caus.
nono adj. fat, plump, well-fed. Cf. nona. 2. catch /haul (of fish). nunuza. Cf. mnunuzi, ununuzi.
nujumu* (— ) see jumu.
nonza caus. of nonga. nuna sulk, act sullen; be discontented,

nunulia appZ. of nunua.
nuka 1. eive off a bad smell, stink. 2. nauseate. BTumble. complain; he nnfn> n d!y. a~"L
noo (ma-) augment, of kinoo. appl. nukia. smell good/sweet, double appl.- nunia. be discontented/complain about some-
nunuza rub the gums of a child to encourage
int. nukilia (caus. nukiliza). smell out, follow thing (to someone); be cross with someone.
teething.
noti* [Engl. J (— ) 1. banknote, bill. 2. mus. a scent, sniff, snuffle, nukilia vizuri. detect/ appl.-ass. nuniana. grumble to each other,
note, notice a pleasant odor (of perfume, food, etc.). complain about each other, caus. nunisha.
o
nunuza caus. of nunua.
caus. nusa, nukiza. have something/someone Cf. mnuna, mnuno, ununaji.
notisi* \JLngl. J (— ) 1. jur. notice, summons. traced/hunted. Cf. nukato, nuko, mnukio,
nunda nurisha* 1. light up, illuminate, brighten.

— ya masaa 24. 24 hours' notice. 2. hand- mnuko. (-), mnunda (wa-) 1. wild animal, beast 2.
reflect. Cf. nuru.
bill. of prey. 2. half-wild domestic cat. 3. fig.
nukato (ma-) (usually manukato) something having cruel, bloodthirsty person. 4. fig. some-
or producing a smell (us. pleasant), scent, per-
nuru* (-) 1. light, illumination, tia -. light
Novemba* {Engl. J November. thing very heavy,
fume. up, illuminate, brighten; (fig.) clear

Cf. nuka. up,
nundu (-) elucidate, toa -. emit light, shine.

nso (— ) anat. 1. kidney. (= buki, figo.) bump, lump; hump (of native cattle, 2.
brightness, radiance, uso wa -. a
2. rare liver. (= ini.) nukiza caus. of nuka. etc.). nundunundu. adj. & adv. lumpy, fig..-
hunchbacked. bright/cheerful/friendly face, 3. bright

Cf. kinundu.
= samaki.) nuclear. color. Cf. nawiri, nurisha, înara, mnara.
nswi (— ) arch. fish. ( nuklia* LEngl.J adj.
nundunundu see nundu.

nuko (ma-) smell (either good or bad). — nusa caus. of nuka.
nta (— ) wax. — ya nyuki. beeswax. hilo
mbaya limetokea wapi? What is causing that nunge (— ) leper colony.
nti (— ) nti (ear-ornament). bad smell? manukato ya aina hii yana — nusra* (-) see l
nusura, 2 nusura.
nzuri sana. This kind of perfume smells very nungu, nungunungu (-) 1. porcupine. 2. nungu
see good. Cf. nuka. (globe fish, = bunju). nusu* 1, (-) half, _ saa. half an hour,
nufaika* nafaika. saa
u -. an hour and a half. - kipenyo. radius
nufaishana* caus. -ass. of nafaika. nuksani* (— ) see nuksi. nung'unika grumble, complain, pout. appl.
(of a circle), gawa - kwa (bi) -. divide in
nung'unikia. half, halve, bunduki ya nusu mtombo. subr
caus. nung'unisha. Cf. nung'u-
nuhusi* (-) see nuksi. nuksi*, nuksani, nuhusi (— ) misfortune, bad niko. machine gun. 2, (-) part, piece, - kidogo.
luck, failure, disappointment. a small piece, nusu ... nusu. partly ... partly.
1. think, believe, assume. 2. have in nung'uniko (ma-) 3. adv. in small number, wamekuja —
nuia* 1. grumbling, pouting, 2, dis- tu.
mind, intend, resolve, appl. nuilia. intr. nukta* (— ) 1. dot, point, mark. 2. punctuation satisfaction, complaint. Cf. nung'unika. Only a few people came.
nuika. nuiza: 1. caus. inculcate, instruct. mark. 3. diacritical mark, vowel sign (Arabic).
nung'unisha caus. of nung'unika. nusudunia* (_) hemisphere.
410 nyanda
nyangalika 411 nyayo
^nusura*, nusra (— ) help, aid, support, pro- nyakua inv. of nyaka. nyangalika adj. unheard-of, nondescript, im-
*nyara 1. rob, take by force, abduct; take into
possible, useless; (of persons) irresponsible,
tection. Cf. nusuru. captivity, imprison. 2. (-) plunder, booty,
hopeless, nguo hii ni kinyangalika haivaiki.
nyala* pi. of âla. stolen goods.
This dress is so old that I cannot wear it any
^nusura*, nusra adv. almost, nearly; about,
more, mtu huyu ni kinyangalika. This person
approximately, aliugua — afe (kufa). He was Inyalio (pi. of 2 walio) 1. a fish-trap. 2. sticks nyara be ashamed/embarrassed/humiliated.
is irresponsible/hopeless. Cf. kinyangalika,
so sick he almost died. laid inside a cooking-pot to keep the food Cf. nyarafu, kinyaa, unyaa, unyarafu.
mnyangalika.
from burning.
nusurika intr. of nusuru. nyarafu feel aversion/repugnance/disgust.

nyang'amba (-) nyang'amba (a confection made
2nyalio (— ) welt, weal. Cf. walio. appl. nyarafia. Cf. ^nyara, unyarafu.
of arrowroot).
nn«iirn* heln. snnnort; smard. protect, defend.
intr. nusurika. be saved from/spared a diffi- nyama (— ) 1. = mnyama. 2. flesh, meat. — ya nyaraka* pi. see waraka.
nyang'anya take away by force, rob, plunder;
culty. Cf. ^nusura. ng'ombe (nguruwe). beef (pork). — ya ma-
abduct, kidnap; annex. Cf. mnyang'anyi,
tunda. flesh of a fruit. — ya nazi. meat of nyasi 1. ma- grass (in gen.). 2. pi. of unyasi.
unyang'anyi.
nusushilingi* [Ar.-Engl.l (-) 50-cent piece, a coconut. 3. substance, matter. Cf. mnyama.
half a shilling. nyata walk quietly /stealthily, steal/sneak
nyangumi (— ) whale.
nyamaa 1. be silent/still/quiet. 2. suppress along, appl. nyatia. - mnyama. stalk an
nwa see nywa. expression of pain. appl. nyamalia. caus. animal. — mtu. creep up on a person, inv.
nyani (— ) ape, baboon. — mkubwa. baboon.
& int. nyamaza. be (quite) still, keep (per- nyatua. walk unsteadily (with short, quick
nya (also inya) 1. drop, discharge. — mvua. fect) silence, imp. sing, nyamaza! pi. nya- steps, as a child first learning to walk).
Inyanya 1. stretch oneself, raise oneself. 2.
rain, inakunya. It is raining. 2. (coll. also mazeni! Be still! Keep quiet! Cf. nyamavu, Cf. nyatunyatu.
come into prominence, put oneself forward.
— mavi) defecate, urinate, appl. nyea. prov. mnyamavu, unyamavu.
appl. nyanyia. try to get something by under-
anayesifu mvua imemnyea. Whoever praises nyati (-) buffalo. (= mbogo.)
handed means, inv. nyanyua. 1.
= nyanya.
rain is rained upon. Cf. nyevu, kinyeleo, *nyamafu see nyamavu.
2. raise, lift. Cf. mnyanyuko, unyanya.
kinyenyevu, kinyesi, kinyo, mnyevu, mnyevu- nyatua inv. of nyata.
nyevu, mnyo, unyaji, unyesi, unyevu.

2nyamafu (— ) dead animal, carrion. Cf. nyama,
^nyanya (-) tomato. Cf. mnyanya. nyatunyatu adv. quietly, stealthily. Cf.
fu.
nyaa (-) rare nail (of finger or toe). (= ukucha.) nyata.
3nyanya (— ) grandmother.
nyamavu, nyamafu adj. 1. still, quiet, silent.
nyafua see nofoa. nyauka 1. dry up, wither. 2. be distorted (in

2. fig. reserved, taciturn. Cf. nyamaa.
nyanyasa tease, bother, annoy. the process of drying), caus. nyausha.
nyagonyago (-) coll. howling, wailing, yelling. jinyausha. act/talk in a misleading way,
nyambua 1. tear apart/to pieces, crumble; peel
nyanyua inv. of ^nyanya. give a wrong impression. Watu nchini wana
off (in strips). 2. fig. find fault, rebuke,
nyaka (& inv. nyakua) 1. snatch, grab; filch. njaa sana, bado serikali yajinyausha ati
criticize, appl. nyambulia. intr. nyambuka.
2. pluck, pull up (plants). nyapa, nyapanyapa stalk (game), follow
mipango ya ukulima imendelea. The govern-
stealthily, sneak up on. ment gives the impression that agricultural

nyambuo (— ) nyambuo (a small fish).
nyakanga (-) nyakanga (person in charge of development is increasing; yet people are
initiation rites, chief of the kungwi, q.v.). nyapanyapa still suffering from hunger. Cf. mnyaufu,
1
wanda. see nyapa.
^nyanda pi. of
unyaufu.
nyakati* pi. of wakati. ^nyanda pi. of uwanda. nyapo pi. of *uapo.

nyayo pi. of wayo, unyayo.
nyea 412 nyenzo
nyerere 413 nyoka
inyea 1. itch, tickle. 2. scratch oneself, appl. nyendo (-) activity, movement; expedient. - ya
,i
„ „„ ,„ nyeza. „,.„ „, »„i Umoja wa Afrika na Asia. Afro-Asian Soli- nyerere (— ) 1. nyerere (bracelet of brass/cop- nyinyi see ninyi.
nyelea.
;lea. caus. nveza. pass, nyewa.
nvewa. teel '
darity Movement. — ya hila. technical expe- per wire), 2. Nyerere (pr. n. fern.).
itchy, be irritated; be excited sexually. Cf.
dient. Cf. enda. nyinyiha 1. shine (as if smeared with grease).
kinyevu, mnyeo, unyeo; also nyega.
nyerereza 1. hide, conceal; deceive, cheat. 2. 2. shine up, polish.
disguise, camouflage.
nyenga rare interrogate, pump (a person),
Aiyea appl. of nya.
nyinyirika, nyiririka glide, slide, slip.
force someone to talk, extort an admission. Cf.
nyesi (— ) see kinyesi. tiririka.
appl. nyengea. intr. nyengeka. caus.
nyega arouse desire (us. sexual), caus. -int.
nyengesha. Cf. nyenya.
ayegesha, nyegeresha, nyengeresha. Cf. nyeta 1. be proud/arrogant/boastful. 2. be nyiririka see nyinyirika.
^nvpfi. nvppp. kinvpir#»ny*»<Te- rude/iii-mannered/insolent. 3. be dissatis-
^nyenga (— ) nyenga (large flat fish).
fied/hard to please/insufferable, appl. nyiza (ma-) strip of dried palm-leaf (for plaiting
nyege, unyege sing. 1. desire (us. sexual); (of nyetea. behave insolently toward someone. mats).
nyengeresha caus. of *nyenga.
animals) heat, rut. 2. med., rare irritation, caus. nyetesha. Cf. unyeti.
stimulation. 3. fig., rare exasperation, vexa-

^nyoa 1. pull/strip off, remove. 2. shear (sheep).
nyenje, nyenze (— ) nyenje (species of cricket).
tion. Cf. nyega. ^nyetea appl. of nyeta. 3. shave, cut/dress the hair. appl. nyolea.
Cf. kinyozi, unyozi.

nyenya 1. interrogate, pump (with questions);
nyegere (— ), kinyegere, kinyegele (vi-) nyegere o
extract information from a person, make some- ^nyetea see jetea.
(an animal similar to a skunk). o
one admit something; ferret out. 2. talk some- 'nyoa, noa straighten, correct; draw out, stretch;
one into something, persuade, appl. nyenyea. nycvu adj. moist, damp, wet. Cf. nya. extract, intr. nyoka. be/become straight, be
nyegeresha caus. -int. of nyega.
double appl. nyenyelea. find out a secret. stretched out (to full length).
double appl.-caus. nyenyeleza. let someone nyewa pass, of lnyea.

nyekenya 1. decompose (from natural decay or
nyoe (— ) see 2 n 0nve-
in on a secret, intr. nyenyeka. be talked into y
applied chemical action). 2. med. become
something, yield to pressure, intr.-appl. nyiga (ma-) see nyigu.
necro tic/gangrenous.
nyenyekea. subordinate oneself to someone, nyofoa see nofoa.
be polite/obsequious to a person, show re- nyigu, nyiga (ma-) hornet, wasp.
^nyele pi- of unywele.
spect, intr.-caus. teach someone politeness/ nyofu adj. 1. straight, stretched out, extended.
humility; humiliate a person, pass, nyenywa. nyika (ma-) 1. uninhabited place, barren land, 2. fig. straightforward, honest. Cf. ^nyoka.
2nyele pi. of *uwele. Cf. nyenyekevu, mnyenyekeo, mnyenyekevu, wasteland. 2. open, treeless region.
unyenyekevu. nyoga pi. of uyoga.
nyeleo (ma-) see kinyeleo. nyima 1. refuse, withhold, tutamnyima cha-
nyenyekevu adj. modest, humble, unassuming; kula. refuse to give someone food. 2. hold nyogea (-) see nyongea.
nyemelea steal up on, take by surprise, catch servile, obsequious. Cf. nyenya, mnyenye- back, repress, refl. jinyima. lazima uji-
unawares. kevu, unyenyekevu. nyime nafsi yako. You must restrain yourself
^nyoka, nyooka, nyoroka be straight straightened;
somewhat. Cf. nyimivu, mnyima, mnyimo,
(fig.) be frank/outspoken/honest, mstari
nyemi (-) see kinyemi. nyenze (-) see nyenje. unyimivu.
ulionyoka. a straight line. caus. nyosha,
nyoosha, nyorosha. straighten; (fig.) teach/
nyendea creep up on, stalk, follow on the sly. nyenzo pi. of wenzo. nyiminyimi see nyimivu.
bring up to be honest, refl. -caus. jinyosha.
rest, take one's afternoon rest.
Cf. nyofu,
nyimivu, nyiminyimi adj. 1. frugal, stingy.
mnyofu, unyofu.
2. poor, .shabby, scanty. Cf. nyima.
nyoka 414 nyorosha
nyota
415 nyunyiza
^nyoka (— ) 1. snake. 2. worm (in gen.). nyonya suck (of small children and animals). nyota (-, ma-) 1. astr. star. - yenye baridi. 2 nyuma pi. of uma 4.
ndugu wa kunyonya. foster brother, caus. planet. hana -
2. fig..- nzuri. He does not
nyoko! inter], a vulgar term of abuse (arch., nyonyesha. suckle, feed at the breast. Cf. have a good star (= He has no luck).
nyumba (— ) 1. house, dwelling-place. — ya
'Your mother' ). nyonye, mnyonywaji.
udongo. clay house. — ya mawe. stone
nyotanyota see nyonyota.
house. 2, building. — ya dawa. drugstore,
*nyonga 1. (— ) anat. hip. 2. pi. of unyonga. ^nyonye, nyonyo (— ) mother's breasts (in the
pharmacy. - ya simu. telegraph office.
speech of small children). Cf. nyonya. nyote (ninyi -) all of you. - lazima mfike.
— ya ghorofa. apartment house. 3. fig.
You should all come. All of you should come.
^nyonga 1. squeeze (out), press, wring. 2. group of related families. Cf. chumba,
choke, strangle, throttle. 3. twist, wind, Aiyonye, nyoe (— ) nyonye (green grasshopper). jumba, kinyumba, unyumba.
r.yotoa L . utûmc cxiiausLeu/weak (from pain).
coil. 4. fig. irritate, annoy, appl. nyongea.
2. feel a sharp pain.
intr. nyongeka. caus. nyongesha. refl. Inyonyo (— ) see ^nyonye. nyumbu (-) (also kinyumbu, vi-) l.mule.
= baghala.)
jinyonga. strangle/hang oneself, inv. nyo- ( 2. nyumbu (some kinds of ante-
nyoya (ma-) 1. hair, feather, strand of wool. 2. lope: hartebeest, topi, gnu; = kongoni.).
ngoa. 1. smoothe out, straighten out (twists, Aiyonyo (— ) seed of the castor-oil plant. Cf.
pi. of unyoya.
kinks in something). 2. stretch oneself Imbono, ubono.
(after having been in a bent/cramped position).
nyumbua stretch, bend, flex (something elastic,
nyoyo pi., dial. - mioyo. Cf. moyo. without breaking), nyumbuka. be
Cf. nyonge, nyongea, kinyongo, mnyongaji. nyonyoa pull out (hair), pluck (feathers), appl. intr. flexi-
ble/elastic. Cf. nyumbufu, unyumbufu.

nyonyolea. intr. nyonyoka. caus. nyonyosha.
nyua pi. of 2 U a.
nyonge adj. 1. low, mean, base, vile. 2. weak,
fig. nag, find fault, criticize; annoy, torment.
sickly, decrepit. 3. slight, insignificant. 4. nyumbufu adj. flexible, elastic. Cf. nyumbua,
nyufa pi. of ufa.
spurious, degraded, debased. Cf. kinyonge, unyumbufu.
nyonyota, nyotanyota, nyunya trickle, drizzle
mnyonge, unyonge; also ^nyonga, nyongea. (of light rain). Cf. manyonyota, mnyunyo.
nyuga pi. of *uga. nyundo (— ) hammer. Cf. ûnda.
nyongea, nyogea (— ) med. rachitis, rickets. nyonyotoa break into small pieces, crumble.
nyugo pi. of ugo. nyundu
^nyonga, nyonge. nyonyotoka. fall apart, disintegrate (of
pi. of undu.
Cf. intr.
overcooked food, etc.).

nyugwe pi. of ugwe. nyungo
addition,
pi. of **ungo.
nyongeza (— ) (pi. of obs. uongeza) 1.
supplement, increase, increment. 2. adden- nyoo! inter], of derision or contempt.

nyuka hit, strike, beat. (= piga.)
dum, appendix. Cf. *ongea. *nyungunyungu (-) med. inflamed/ulcerous
nyooka see *nyoka. fissures between the toes.
nyuki (-) bee. asali ya — . honey. Cf. uki.
nyongo (-) 1. bile. 2. gallbladder.
nyoosha see *nyoka.

nyukua pinch, pluck. ^nyungunyungu (— ) earthworm.
nyongoa inv. o/^nyonga.
nyoroka see *nyoka.
nyuni (-) arch. - ^ndege.
^nyuma 1. (— ) back, rear, reverse, mlango wa
nyong'onyea 1. be weak/feeble/slack/languid.
nyorora become thin/emaciated/sickly/exhaus- — . back door. — ya ... behind, after. —
2. be depressed/downcast. Cf. kinyong'o- nyunya see nyonyota.
yangu. behind/after me. 2, (— ) the past.
ted (from disease). Cf. ororo.
nyo, unyogovu.
mambo ya — . (things which occurred in) the
nyunyiza sprinkle. Cf. nyonyota, nyunyu,
nyorosha see ^nyoka.
past. 3. adv. behind, kwa — . from behind.
nyono (-) the breathing of a sleeping person. kinyunya.
4. adv. back, backwards, rudi — . go back.
Cf. gona.
Cf. kinyume.
nyunyu 416 of is ofisiboi
417
nyunyu (ma-) (us. manyunyu) light ofisiboi* [EnglJ ( ma -)

rain, drizzle, nywa, nwa (inv. of nya ?) drink, suck up, ab- office boy, errand boy,
oka
messenger.
1. roast, bake. _ mk ate. bake bread. -
sprinkle, spray, Cf. nyonyota, nyunyiza. sorb, appl. nywea. intr. nyweka. cans.
nyama. roast meat. 2. dry (fruit). 3. fire
nywesha. give to drink, provide with water.
(pottery), caus. okesha, okeza.
ofusaidi* inv. koa.
nyuo pi. of uo. nywesha wanyama maji. water livestock. lEngLli-) sport offside.
take away from the fire, remove from the
nywesha (nyweshea) mashamba. water/irri-
oven/kiln. inf. (rare) koka (= kuoka).
2 Cf.
nyupo pi. upo. gate fields. Cf. jinywa, kinywa, kinywaji, oga (also koga) wash (the
of body), bathe, take joko, mwokaji, mwoko, uokaji.
kinyweo, mnywa, mnywo, unywaji. a bath. appl. oge a. caus.
ogesha. bathe
nyushi
someone (e.g., a chili), double appl. ogelea.
pi. of ushi, unyushi. ôkoa inv. of oka.
^nywea contract, shrivel/curl up; recoil (from 1. swim. 2. fig. turn up, appear, arise (a
fright). question), occur fan event),
fiYiiai uf usi. double =--„'.-
(Jt. z okoa
intr. ogeleka. 1. save, preserve, rescue, deliver,
baharini hapa hapaogeliki.
It
help
2nywea appZ. of nywa. is not possible
out of a difficulty/predicament,
to bathe in this sea. double ametuokoa
nyuso pi. of uso.
appl.-caus. ogeleza, ogelesha. katika taabu zetu. He has helped us
cause/teach out of
nywele pi. of unywele. to swim. our difficulties, ameniokoa na hatari ya
Cf. kiogeo, mwogaji, mwogeleaji,
nyuta pi. of uta. mamba. He rescued me from a
mwogo. crocodile (lit.:
nyweleo (ma-) see kinyeleo. from the danger of a
crocodile), appl. okolea.
nyuti pi. of uti. intr. okoka. caus.
& int. okoza. 1. rescue
2oga adj. cowardly, timorous, fainthearted,
nywesha caus. of nywa. someone. 2. get oneself out of a difficult
pusillanimous; timid, shy, nervous.
Cf. situation.
nyuzi, nyuzinyuzi (pi. of uzi) threads, fibers. Cf. Ikiokozi, maokozi, mwokozi,
ogofyo, ogopa, mwoga, mwogofyo,
woga,
— zibuniwazo na watu. synthetic fibers. nzige (— ) locust.
mogofya.
uokozi, wokovu.
nzigunzigu (— ) butterfly. okota 1. pick up, gather; find.

nyuzio pi. of uzio. 2. come upon by
°RO (-) rare see woga. chance/unexpectedly. 3. obtain something
without effort, appl. okolea. intr. okoteka.
ogeleka double appl.-intr.
of ôga. be capable of being picked
up. prov . maji
yaliyomwagika hayaokoteki. Spilled
water can-
ogeleza double appl.-caus. ioga. not be picked up.
of caus.
okotesha. Cf. kio-
kosi, kiokote, mwokosi,
mwokotaji, uokosi,
ogofisha double caus. of ogopa. uokotaji.
oa, owa take a wife, marry (of a man), appl. marriage ceremony, ass. oana. intermarry ogofya caus. of ogopa. oktavo* [EnglJ(-) mus . oc tave.
olea. intr. oleka. 1. be married (of a woman). (of families). Cf. maozi, mwozi, ndoa, uozi.
2. be marriageable/nubile, pass, olewa. be/ ogofyo (ma-) 1. danger. Oktoba* [EnglJ October.
2. threat, menace.
get married (of a woman), caus. oza. ofisa*, afisa LEngl.J (ma-) 1. official. 2. mil. 2
Cf. oga.
1. cause/allow to marry, marry off. amemwoza officer. Cf. uafisa. ola rare look at, observe. Cf. oleza, îoo (?).
mtoto wake kwa mtu mzee. He has married off ogopa be afraid/terrified/startled, caus.
ogofya
his daughter to an old man. nioze mtoto wako. ofisi* {.Engl. J (— ) 1. (business) office. 2.
ole * (~)
& double caus. ogofisha. frighten, terrify; l ' fat e, lot, destiny. 2. woe, grief,
Permit me to marry your daughter. 2. make (government) bureau, institution, startle; endanger, jeopardize;
threaten, mwenye _. despondent/melancholy
person,
preparations for a wedding, perform the menace. 2
Cf. oga. 3. inter;.: - wangu Woe ! is me!
oleic 418 419 ongoa
oleic omo* (ma-) naut. bow (of a ship), Cf. kiomo. ondoa 1. take away, remove, get rid of, elimi- onea appl. of ona.
nate. 2. put an end to, abolish; conclude,
olevva pass, of oa. omoa 1. open. 2. dig up, break up (soil). 3. terminate. — matanga. conclude the burial onekana intr.-ass. of ona.
(fig.) stir up, disturb, cause unrest/disorder. ceremony. 3. fig. release, relieve of. —
make even/level; make some- 4. fig. reveal, bring to light, display, appl. madaraka. release from obligations, appl. oneo (ma-)
oleza, oleleza (us. maoneo) mistreatment, cruelty,
thing like something else, imitate, copy. Cf. omolea. intr. omoka. caus. omosha. ondolea. remove from, rid of, relieve of. bullying, persecution. Cf. ona.
kiolezo; also ola (?). ondolea mashaka. relieve of doubts, pass.
omolea appZ. of omoa. ondolewa. be relieved of (doubts), be ab- onevu adj. cruel, malicious, oppressive, vio-
omba 1. ask, beg, be a beggar. 2. pray. 3. solved from (sins), intr. ondoka. get up, lent. Cf. ona, mwonevu, uonevu.
implore, entreat, beseech, appl. ombea. ona 1. see, notice, nionavyo. as I see it, in my rise; set out, start; leave, depart, withdraw.
plead/intercede for someone; ask/demand opinion. 2. feel, sense. — njaa (kiu). feel ondoka katika ulimwengu. euph. die (lit.: *ongea rare grow, increase, us. caus. ongeza.
something of someone, intr. ombeka. caus. hunger (thirst), be hungry (thirsty). — furaha depart from the worlds liter.: paliondoka. 1. grow, increase. 2. add to, enlarge, aug-
ombesha, ombeza. 4. (ma-) request, en- (huzuni). feel joy (sorrow), waonaje? How do Now it came to pass... (at the beginning of ment, expand, fill up. ongeza mali. add to
treaty, petition. Cf. ombokeza, omboleza, you feel? How are you? 3. think, believe. a story), intr. -appl. ondokea. make progress, property, ongeza upana. widen, broaden,
naona utaona ajabu. think you will be amazed.
ombolezo, maombi, maombolezo, mwombaji, I
prosper, be successful; develop, grow; expand, caus. -appl, ongezea. caus. -intr.
mwombezi, mwombelezi, uombaji, uombezi. 4. perceive (hear, smell). — kishindo. hear a swell, protrude; stand out, be prominent. ongezeka. be increased/enlarged/expanded,
noise. — harufu. detect an odor. — ladha. per-
intr. -double appl. ondokelea. get up and chama hiki kinaongezeka katika nchi nzima.
(approx.) ceive a taste. 5. recognize, acknowledge.
ombasha* [_Turk.~\ (ma-) mil., arch, leave (a place), caus. ondosha. cause to This organization is spread over the entire
refl. jiona. 1. feel, jiona na nguvu. feel leave, send away, dismiss,
corporal. ondosha nanga. country. Cf. ongezo, nyongeza.
strong. 2. fig. be conceited/proud/arrogant. weigh anchor, ondosha mtu kazini. dis-
ass. onana. see/meet each other (again), appl. charge a worker. ondokeo, ondoleo,
ombojea be soft/overripe/overcooked. Cf.
ôngea 1. talk, converse, chat. 2. waste time.
onea. 1. look at someone. 2. feel... (a certain
maondoleo.
ass. ongeana. chat with each other, pass the
emotion, usually hostility) toward someone.
ombokeza repeat the words of the formula be-
time together. Cf. maongezi, mwongezi.
onea fulani chuki. feel hatred for someone. ondoka
fore swearing an oath. Cf. omba. intr. of ondoa.
onea kijicho. envy someone, onea wivu. be
ongeza caus. of *ongea.
beseech, jealous of someone. 3. look down on some- ondokelea double appl. of ondoa.
omboleza 1. bewail, lament, mourn. 2.
one. 4. mistreat, persecute, oppress, intr.
request urgently. Cf. omba.
ongezeko (ma-) see ongezo.
oneka & intr. -ass. onekana. 1. be visible/
ondokeo (ma-) (us. maondokeo) 1. departure,
lament, apparent/obvious, seem/appear to be. 2. be
ombolezo (ma-) {us. maombolezo) 1. start (of a journey). 2. prospering, success,
ongezo, ongezeko (ma-) {us. maongezo, ma-
acceptable, caus. onya. 1. cause/permit to
weeping/wailing. 2- ceremonial song of advancement. 3. rare progress. Cf. ondoa.
ongezeko) increase, growth, addition, en-
see, show, explain. 2. warn, admonish, deter,
mourning, dirge. 3. earnest entreaty, urgent
largement, expansion. Cf. ongea.
restrain. 3. criticize, disapprove of. caus.-
request. Cf. omboleza. ondolea appl. of ondoa.
intr. onyeka. be warned, caus. -ass. onyana.
ongoa 1. precede, go straight ahead. 2. lead,
2. shore.
warn each other, exchange warning signals. removal,
ombwe (-) 1. edge, margin, brink. ondoleo (ma-) {us. maondoleo) 1.
guide. 3. instruct, train. 4. make right,
double caus. onyesha. 1. show, indicate,
elimination, dismissal, maondoleo ya correct, improve, reform. 5. cause someone
point out, explain, clarify, demonstrate. 2.
omeka unpack, spread out, lay out, display mashaka. removal of doubts. 2. shifting,
to change his views, (rel.) convert. 6. be
ome- display, exhibit, disclose. Cf. kionyo, lonyo,
(wares, objects), appl. omekea. int. transposition. 3. change of residence. Cf. successful, prosper, -
appl. ongolea. 1.
maonezi, maoni, maono, maonyo, maonyesho,
keza. pile up, arrange objects by stacking ondoa. ongoa. 2. liter, rhyme, intr. ongoka. 1. be
mboni, mwonevu, mwonyeshaji, oneo, onevu,
them one on the other. put on a straight course. 2. be reformed/
ono, onyesho, onyo, uonevu, wonyesho,
ondosha caus. of ondoa. converted, ongoka nafsi. change one's ways,
wonvesliano.
on go fu 420 421
turn a new leaf. cans, ongoza. 1. promote, onyeka caus.-intr. of ona. osha wash (us. objects, clothes, etc.), wash all of us. nyumba yote. the whole house.
advance, expedite. 2. show the way. 3. in- off, rinse. appZ. oshea. intr. osheka. be — ote — wili. both. 2. indef. relat. mtu ye
struct, teach, train, ongoza maneno. give a onyesha double caus. of ona. washable, haiosheki. It is not washable. yote. anyone whatever. Cf. mote.
good turn to a conversation, cans. -ass. caus. osheza. Cf. josho, kiosha, kiosho,
ongozana. follow each other, move together onyesho (ma-) (us. pi.) display, demonstration, mwoshaji, mwosho, uoshaji. otea appl. of *ota, 'ota, ''ota.
in the same direction/toward a common goal. exhibition, maonyesho ya vita, military re-
Cf. ongofu, kiongozi, maongozi, mwongofu, view, Cf. ona. lota grow (of hair, nails; rarely of plants), loteo (ma-) growth. 'ota.
Cf.
mwongozi, mwongozo, uongozi, wongofu. appl. otea. intr. oteka. caus. otesha, Cf.
onyo (ma-) (us. maonyo) 1. warning, advice, oteo, uotajt, woto. 2oteo (ma-), kioteo (vi-) hiding-place, ambush.
ongofu adj. 1. straightened out, reformed, exhortation, hint. 2. indication, mark, index. 2 ota.
Cf.
tuucticu. successful, prosperous. 3. iuCnccilui (un u ruucwnej, o/. una. ôta
2. L.f. sit, squat, crouch (us. in order to warm
ongoa. oneself). — moto. warm oneself at the fire. ovataimu* LEngl. overtime.
J (— )
onza 1. wound, hurt, do harm to, damage. 2.
appl. otea. 1. - ota. 2. lie in wait/ambush
ongofya caus. of ongopa. fig. torment, annoy.
for someone, intr. oteka. caus. otesha. ovu 1. (ma-) (us. maovu) badness, wickedness;
stat. otama. be in a sitting/squatting posi- mema
injustice, coll. na maovu ndio uli-
ongopa 1. lie, deceive. 2. slander, make false opoa 1. take/pull out. 2. fig. save, rescue,
tion, stat.-appl. otamia, atamia, latamia, mwengu. There are both good and bad in the
caus. ongofya. 1. = ongopa w. extricate [from difficulties), appl. opolea.
statements, tamia. sit on eggs, brood, kuku anaatamia world. 2. adj. bad, evil, wicked, wrong,
2. lead astray, mislead. P as s- opolewa. intr. opoka. caus. oposha,
int. force. Cf. mayai. The hen is sitting on eggs. Cf. depraved; malicious, spiteful. Cf. maovu,
won go, mwongo, uwongo. opoza. Cf. kiopoo.
*ôteo, kiota; also ^moto. uovu.
orda* LEngl. J (— ) order (for something).

onja 1. try, test. 2. taste (foods), fig. ameonja dream. — ovyo worthless, inferior; (fig.) super-
•'ota 1. ndoto. have a dream. 2. be 1. adj.
examine, inves- mchukuaji — wa chakula. one who takes

mapesa. He loves money. 3.
half awake, doze, be in a trance. 3. fig. day- ficial, careless. 2. adv. (also ovyoovyo^
orders at the table, waiter.
tigate. appZ. onjea. intr. onjeka. caus. haphazardly, aimlessly, carelessly, at ran-
dream, indulge in reveries, talk foolishly.
onjesha. Cf. onjo, kionja, kionjo, mwonjaji, appl. otea. dream about, intr. oteka. ass. dom. fanya kazi ovyoovyo tu. do one's work
orodha*, oroza, worodha (— ) 1. list, register,
mwonjo, uonjaji. otana. dream about each other. carelessly /in a slipshod way. Cf. maovyo.
Cf. ndoto.
inventory. — ya biashara. commercial register.
— ya majina. roll, roster, 2. bill, invoice.
onjesha caus. of onja. oya (ma-) handful. (- ukofi, konzi, gao.)
3. catalog, program. — ya masomo. time- ôta 1. mark, designate. 2. make a mark, leave
table, schedule. marks (us. welts from blows). Cf. moto.

onji (ma-) see onjo.
*oza turn bad, decay, rot, decompose, matunda
o
orofa*, ghorofa, gorofa (— ) (upper) floor, story. otama stat. of ota. yameoza. The fruit is rotten, prov. samaki
onjo, onji (ma-) trial, test, investigation. Cf.
— ya pili. third floor, nyumba ya — nne. a akioza ni mtungo pia. One bad fish spoils
onja.
four-story house. otamia stat.-appl. of ota. the whole string. (Cf. mtungo.) appl. ozea.
intr. ozeka. caus. ozesha. spoil/ruin (some-

ono (ma-) 1. perception, sensation, feeling. 2.
ororo adj. soft, smooth, tender, delicate, sensi- r 3 thing, someone). Cf. kioza, wozo.
otana ass. of ota.
thought, opinion, impression. Cf. ona.
tive, ufupa mwororo. gristle, cartilage. Cf.
nyorora.
ote 1. indef. pron. all, whole, watu wote. all oza caus. of oa.
onya caus. of ona.
people, nchi yote. all countries, sisi sote.
oroza* (— ) see rodha.
onyana caus. -ass. of ona.
) .
pa 422 pachapacha pachika 423 paka
pachika fasten, secure, stick in. - kisu kipi- pagao, pagaro (ma-) charm, amulet (against evil
nini. fasten a knife-blade in the handle. spirits or dangers). Cf. pagaa.
*pa 1. give. — mkono. give the hand (to ex- ^paa 1. rise, get up. 2. go up, rise, ascend, refl. jipachika. 1. interfere/meddle in a
press congratulation/condolence); lend a
mount, appl. palia. wali umenipalia. coll. matter. 2. sit with legs spread, sit astride pagaro (ma-) see pagao.
helping hand. — mgongo (uso). turn the back
choked over the rice (i.e., it went down the
I of something, appl. pachikia. intr. pachi-
(face). — shauri. give a piece of advice. — wrong way), appl.-caus. (also int.). paliza. kika. inf. pachua. take/draw out, separate, pagawa pass, of pagaa.
ruhusa. give permission, allow. 2. carry out,
raise, lift, paliza sauti. raise the voice, remove.
perform, accomplish. — tnchezo. play out a
speak loudly, caus. paaza, paza. paaza
pagaza caus. of pagaa.
game. — hadithi. tell a story, refl. jipa.
ugomvi. goad someone on, start a_ quarrel pachipachi see pacha 3.
1. give oneself, have oneself provided with. with someone. ^ pao, *kipaa,
Cf. ''paa, pagua see pogoa.
2. fig. make oneself out to be, act as if, kipao, 1 mpalio. pachua inv. of pachika.
pretend to be. jipa ujinga. play the fool,
pahala* (— ) see pahali.
feign stupidity, jipa mali. play the great man,
''paa (ma-) sloping side of a native thatched pachuri*, pachori, pacholi Llnd.J (— ) pachuri
put on airs. appZ. pea {rare pia). ass. pana.
roof. Cf. ^paa. (a perfume). pahali*, pahala (-) (proper, expected) place,
give each other something, appl.-ass. peana.
situation, position. — pa kupumzika. rest-
make an agreement/bargain with each other;
4paa (— ) paa (kind of gazelle, impala). (= kino- padiri* (ma-) see padre. ing-place. — pa kupikia. cooking-place. —
exchange greetings, peana zawadi. exchange
kero. po pote. in all places, everywhere. Cf.
presents, kukimbia kwa kupeana. relay race. padre*, padri, padiri \_Port. J (ma-) clergyman mahali.
pass. pewa. amepewa_zawadi. He has been
paana ass. of paa. (priest, pastor, minister; either Roman
given a present. Cf. paji, ^kipa, kipaji,
Catholic or Protestant; - kasisi). Cf. Ipainti* \_Engl.~] (-) pint.
kipawa, mpaji, uapo, upaji.
paanda (— ) see 4 panda. upadre.
2painti* \_Engl.~\ adj. painted, colored.

2pa conn, mahali — uhalifu. on the scene of padri* (ma-) see padre.
paaza caus. of *paa, ^paa.
the crime.
paipu*, peipu [.Engl, pipe] (-) (automobile)
pafu, bafu (ma-) anat. lung. = buhumu,
pacha 1. (ma-) twin, one of twins, watoto hawa (
horn, (ship's) siren, warning horn, piga —
Ipaa, para 1. scrape/scratch (off). — magamba ni (ma)pacha. These children are twins. 2.
pumu.) ugonjwa wa mapafu. disease of the
sound/blow an automobile horn.
— moto. stir the fire lungs.
ya samaki. scale fish. (ma-) something closely resembling something
(and take out burning coals). 2. paw (the else: double, counterpart, njia — crossroads, paja (ma-), upaja (paja)
.
anat. 1. thigh, ham
ground), farasi anapaa. the horse is pawing. — two bananas that
pagaa 1. carry (a burden, on head or shoulders;
(street) crossing, ndizi .
(of a human being or an animal). 2. (us.
— karata. win a game of cards. appZ. an amulet). 2. ethn. (us. pass, pagawa,) be
3. fig.: have grown together. 3. red. pachapacha, pajanij lap.
palia, paria. 1. = paa. 2. rake, gather up pachipachi. adj., adv. similar, of the same possessed (by a spirit), amepagawa na
(leaves); weed (a field), double appl.-caus. nature; twinned (of rice or millet heads, etc.),
pepo. He is possessed by a spirit, caus.
Ipaji (ma-) 1. gift, present. 2. sacrifice, offer-
paliliza. 1. employ someone to pull weeds. growing in clusters. 4. v. produce more than pagaza. 1. employ someone as a bearer/
ing. Cf. !pa.
2. fig. stir up, agitate someone, caus. one plant from a single seed; grow in clusters porter. 2. ethn. cause someone to be pos-
paaza, paraza. grind coarsely, pound (w. (bananas, etc.). ass. pachana. grow in sessed by an evil spirit, bring evil/misfor-
palika. tune upon someone. 3. strike someone dumb

2paji (ma-): — la uso. forehead. Cf. ^kipaji,
mortar and pestle), pulverize, intr. clusters.
panja,
2 para, 3 para, (from amazement), astound, dumbfound.
ass. paana. Cf. palizi,
parua, paruparu, mapalio, mpalilio, mpalizi, see pacha alitupagaza kwa maneno yake. He dumb-
pachapacha 3.
founded us with his words, *paka, pakaa spread/smear/paint on, apply.

mparuzi, mparuzo. Cf. pagao,
mpagazi, upagazi. — udongo. plaster (the wall of a house with

paka 424 pakio
pakiti 425 pambana
mud). — chokaa. whitewash, fig., cul.: sa- pakasa twist (thread, rope). pakiti* (-) see paketi. palizi (ma-) weed (in a cultivated field). Cf.
maki wa kupaka. breaded fish. — rangi. Jpaa.
paint, stain, dye. — mafuta. rub (the body) pakata hold, carry. — mtoto. carry a child (in pakiza cons, of *pakia.
with oil. dawa ya kupaka. salve, ointment. one's arms), intr. pakatika. mtoto huyu
-Ipamba 1. decorate, ornament. 2. prepare, ar-
appL pakia. caus. pakaza. apply (a bandage, hapakatiki. This child cannot be held (i.e., pakti* (-) see paketi.
range. — maiti. prepare a corpse for burial.
splint). Cf. kipaku, Anpaka, mpakato, is wild/unruly). Cf. ^paka.
3. fig. furnish (a room, house), chum ha chake
mpako, upakizi. paku (ma-) see kipaku.
kimepambwa vizuri. His room is well furnished.
pakaza caus. of ^paka.
refl. jipamba. adorn oneself, dress well.
2paka rare border on, adjoin, be contiguous. pakua inv. of Ipakia.
anapenda kujipamba. He likes to be well
us. ass. pakana. border on each other, lie paketi*, pakiti, pakti [.Engl. J (— ) packet, pack, dressed. s"-l. ".air.bia. I. deûialc fui some-
side by side, nchi zetu zinapakana. Our package. — ya sigara. a pack of cigarettes. pakulalia (— ) (= mahali pa kulalia) sleeping- thing/someone. 2. set a table, intr. pambika.
countries are adjacent. ass.-caus._pakani- place.
caus. pambisha. inv. pambua. 1. remove an
sha. set boundaries, delimit. Cf. ^rapaka. pake his, her. pahali — . his/her place. Cf. ornament/decoration. 2. move out furniture,
ake. pakulia (— ) (= mahali pa kulia) eating-place. prepare to change residence. 3. deface, dis-
''paka (— ) cat. — mwitu. wild cat. figure, inv. -appl. pambulia. inv. -intr. pambu-
paki* LEngl.J park (a car). pakuogea, pakogea (— ) (= mahali pa kuogea) lika. Cf. pambe, pambo, kipambo, ^mpamba,
washing-place, bathroom, swimming pool.
pakaa see *paka. mpambe, upambo.
Ipakia 1. load, pack, stow. 2. put on board,
ship. 3. fig. export, mwenye kupakia mali. palahala (— ) palahala (sable antelope, Hippo-
- 2 pamba* \_Pers. J
Ipakacha (ma-) light basket, prov. kuvuja, (-) 1. cotton, kitambaa cha
exporter, pass, pakiwa. mali ipakiwayo, tragus niger).
nafuu ya mchukuzi. A punctured basket is — . cotton cloth. 2. cotton wool, wadding.
bidhaa zipakiwazo. export goods/merchandise/ Cf. kipamba, ^mpamba.
advantageous to the carrier.
articles, appl. pakilia. load/stow something;
palama see parama.
pile up. caus. pakiza, pakisha. have some-

2pakacha (— ) see pakaja. pale demon.: mahali pale,
3pamba (ma-) see pambo.
thing packed/loaded, pakiza gari. have a 1. in that place.
2. adv. there; then, afterwards, palepale.
wagon/car loaded, refl.-caus. jipakiza. 1.
pakaja, pakacha (-) footpad, highwayman, 4 pamba (— large number/quantity, multitude.
go on board (a ship); book passage. 2. fig.
in that very place, in the same place. )
robber.
accept a responsibility, inv. pakua. 1. un-
load, discharge. 2.: us. pakua chakula. Ipalia appl. of paa, ^paa. 5pamba pi. of lupamba, 2 U p amDa .
pakana ass. of ^paka.
transfer food from a cooking pot to plates,
dish up, serve. Cf. mapakio, mpakizi, mpa- palika intr. of *paa. pambaja 1. embrace, clasp. 2. (— ) an embrace,
pakanga (— ) wormwood, rue.
kuzi, upakizi, upakuzi. piga — . embrace.
palikuwa liter. Once upon a time... (at the

pakanisha ass. -caus. of ^paka. pambana come together, meet
2pakia delimit, fix the limits/bounds of... — beginning of a story). 1. (in a hostile or
ngwe. mark out a field for tilling. competitive sense), compete, sport: timu za
pakanya (ma-) compensation, indemnification mi ji
paliliza double ass.-caus. of *paa. hii zitapambana kesho. The teams of
(in money or an equivalent present). these cities will meet/clash tomorrow.
pakilia appl. of *pakia. 2.
palipo loc, rare (place) where there is... collide (of ships), appl. pambania. compete
pakari (-) tongs, (flat-nosed) pliers. something.
pakio (ma-) see upakio. palipoinuka. highland. Cf. inua.
for Ali na Juma wanapambania
kiti cha Mombasa. Ali and Huma are running
.
pambano 426 panda panda

427 panga
for election to the seat for Mombasa. Nita- pambo, pamba (ma-) 1. furnishing, decoration amepandishwa cheo. He obtained a degree. pandepande (ma-) see ipande.
pambania nambari ya kvvanza darasani mwa- (of a room, house). 2. ornament, adornment. — tanga. set/hoist sail. ass. pandana. lie
ngu. I will compete for the first place in my prov. mke mzuri ni — la nyumba. A beautiful across/overlap/cross each other. Cf. pandikiza intr. -int. of 2 panda.
class, cans, pambanisha, pambanya. 1. wife is the adornment of the house. Cf. pandio, kipandio, kipandisho, 2 mpanda,
bring together, put side by side, exhibit. pamba. 2 mpando, 2
upandaji. pandikizi, pandekizi (ma-) 1. large piece, lump,
2. compare, contrast. 3. bring into conflict.
block. 2. fig..- - la mtu. large person, giant,
4. contradict, oppose, vote against, inv. pambua inv. of 'pamba. 2panda sow, plant; grow, raise (plants), intr. Cf. *pande.
pambanua. separate (for purposes of com-
pandika. intr. -int. pandikiza. plant out,
parison), distinguish; pick out, select; com- pamoja adv. together, at the same time, in the
transplant (seedlings). Cf. pandikizo, pandikizo (ma-), kipandikizo (vi-) 1. (act of)
pare, inv.-appl. pambanulia. inv.-intr. same place. — na... together with... — na
planting out, tiauaplaiuing. 2. seedling,
pambanuka. Cf. mapambano, mpambanisho, hayo. nevertheless, in spite of everything.
slip. 2 panda.
Cf.
mpambano, upambano, upambanuzi. —a — . adj. joint, united, collective, taarifa
3 panda (-, ma-)
(& mpanda, mi-) 1. division,
ya — . joint communique, umbele mkubwa wa
separation. 2. fork(ing), bifurcation, pandio (ma-) pandio (a notch cut in a tree-trunk
pambano see mapambano. — . pol. a broad united front, uongozi wa — njia
-.forking of a road.- ya mto. branching of a to facilitate climbing). Ipanda.
Cf.
collective leadership. Cf. moja.
river. — ya mti. branches of a tree. 3. fig.
pambanua inv. of pambana.
catapult, slingshot. pando (ma-) see ^mpando.
pampu* LEngl. J (— ) pump. — ya maji. water
pambanuka inv.-intr. of pambana. pump. (= bomba.)
panda, paanda (-) mus. horn, trumpet,
Ipanga 1. put in order, line up, set up, arrange.
piga
pambanulia inv.-appl. of pambana. Ipana, panapana adj.

— blow
. a horn/trumpet. - askari. draw up, dress ranks. _ kambi. set
1. broad, wide, bahari
up camp. - makundi. group. 2. fig., liter.:
panapana. the open sea. 2. flat, level. Cf.
5 panda (ma-), kipanda compose, write (a book, poem). 3. form,
pambanya caus. of pambana. panua, mapana, upana. (vi-) dial.: - la uso.
forehead. 2 paji.
conclude. _ udugu. conclude a friendship
Cf.
(which implies a relation of kinship). 4.
pambauka, pambazuka get light, dawn. Cf. 2pana aux. there is, has.
v. it Cf. na.
classify, organize, reft, jipanga. put one-
pambauko, pambazua. pandana ass. of Ipanda.
self in position, straighten oneself
up.
panapana adj. see pana.
appl. pangia. double appl. pangilia. set up
pambauko, pambazuko (ma-) (us. pi.) dawn, Ipande {also pandepande) (ma-, -) (augment.
in rows/lines, set out (plants), caus.
daybreak. Cf. pambauka. panapo when
relat. 1. where there is/are... 2. it ofkipande) 1. large piece, lump, chunk,
pangisha. take care of the (proper) arrange-
is... — saa tisa. When it is three o'clock. block. — la chuma. bar/pig of iron. fig. — la
ment/order (of guests at table, etc.), seat,
pambazua make clear/plain, explain, intr.
mtu. large person, giant. 2. part, section.
~ pambauka. pangisha watu karamuni. seat guests at a
pambazuka. only fig.
Ipanda 1. get (up) on, mount, ride on. — farasi. — hizi hatuna nazi. In this part of the country
feast, inv. pangua. create disorder, dis-
get on/mount a horse, — baisikeli. get on a there are no coconuts.
pambazuko (ma-) see pambauko.
arrange; (fig,) Ml out, quarrel. Cf. pangilio,
bicycle, — motokaa. get into an automobile. *mpangaji, ^mpango.
2. climb, ascend. — mlima (mti). climb a ipande: piga — . be out of sorts/in a bad
pambe adj. decorated, dressed up. Cf. 'pamba.
mountain (a tree). 3. mount, cover, copulate humor. 2 panga 1. rent, lease. _ nyumba. rent/lease a
(with a female; of a male animal). 4. rise,
edge, margin, end. house. 2. fig., coll. live together without
pambizo, pembizo (ma-) 1.
increase (in number, weight, quantity, price), Spande pi. of upande. being married, caus. pangisha. rent/lease
— la meza. the edge of the table. 2 (room
appl. pandia. intr. pandika. caus. panza,
for) play, clearance, margin. 3. outskirts,
(something to someone). Cf.
2 mpangaji,
pandisha. raise, hoist; increase, fig.
pandekizi see pandikizi. mpangishaji, 2 mpango, upangaji.
environs, periphery. 4. suburb.
papa 429 paraga
panga 428 papa
papatika. flutter, twitch. Cf. papara, papio, papio (ma-) 1. haste, hurry, hastiness,, restless-
^panga (ma-) (augment, o/upanga) 1. long panju (— ) panju (kind of fish).
Ipapo, kipapa, kipapatiko, mpapatiko. ness. 2. avarice, greediness. Cf. 'papa.
knife, machete. 2.: mapanga. screw, pro-
peller (of ship, airplane) (- majembe). panua open up, spread apart, expand, broaden.
2papa be porous/permeable, — paplini* [Engl.l (-) poplin.
— miguu. spread the legs, take long steps. maji. let water
fig. — akili. broaden one's mind, enlarge the through, permit water to pass.
^panga (ma-) panga (kind of fish, with prickly
range of one's ideas, appl. panulia. intr. Ipapo (ma-) 1. beating, pulsing. - la moyo.
skin).
panuka. Cf. 'pana, upanuzi. Jpapa: — hapa. in this very place; at this very heartbeat. 2. fig. stimulation, excitement.
time, now. 3. rare, naut, surf, breakers. Cf. ^papa.

^panga (— ): — za wazuka (a prickly plant,
Ipanya (— ) mouse, rat. prov. paka akiondoka
Achyranthes aspera).
— hutawnln. When the cat is away the mnnsp 4papa (— ) shark. — nnan« 9 . su'ordfish. 2nann: _ lint.r.
r- —
nJ„ ;„
—
^l,^,^ ..«
.-v
-1
k*">-^»
_.
ci.
..t
uiai
-.
rules. very time/moment.

"panga pi. of upanga.
papai* llnd. J (ma-) papai (a melon-like fruit,
papaya, pawpaw). Cf. mpapai. papua rare see papura.

^panya 1. make an incision/notch. 2. ethn.
pange (ma-) gadfly, horsefly.
file the teeth (as a family or tribal mark).
papara (^-) haste, hurry; hastiness, rashness. papura (rare papua) 1. tear, rip, claw, scratch,
pangilio (ma-) {us. mapangilio) 1. succession, '
Cf. Ipapa. lacerate, tear to pieces (of wild animals and
Ipanza caus. of *panda.
sequence, alternation, mapangilio ya ma-
birds of prey). — kwa makucha. scratch/rend
tunda. rotation of crops. 2. layer, stratum.
papasa 1. stroke, touch. 2. grope, feel one's with the claws/talons. 2. fig. quarrel, dis-
min. — la madini. vein/lode of metal. Cf. 2panza (— ) panza (the residue of coconut left
way. kipofa anapapasa. A blind man feels pute. Cf. mpapuro.
1
panga. after the white part has been scraped out of
his way.
the shell).
papuri* llnd. J (ma-) papuri (flat cake made of
pangisha caus. of Upanga, Upanga. bean meal).
papasi (ma-) tick, homa ya — med. . spirillum
Ipanzi (— ) grasshopper.
tick fever.
pango (— ma-) , 1. hole, hollow, recess. 2. cave, Ipara see Ipaa.
cavern. 3. lair, den (of animals). 4. fig.: 2panzi (— ), also — bahari. flying fish. papatika cont.-intr. of ^papa.
ana — He has
. a protruding tooth. 2para (-) 1. scratch, superficial wound. 2. bald
lpao, pau (— ) 1. pao (a thin pole carrying the papatiko (ma-) see mpapatiko. spot, baldness. Cf. *paa, kipara, upaa.
Ipangua inv. of Upanga. thatch in native houses). 2. framework (of a
roof). 3.: — la chuma. iron bar/rod. 4. pi. of papatua remove husk/shell/rind (fruits, vege- 3 para (-) 1. gnashing, grinding (the teeth). 2.
upau. tables). — maganda. remove husks/rinds.
^pangua knock off/down (with a single blow). scratching, pawijig (e.g., of a horse; us. red.
refl. jipapatua. slough (the skin; of snakes),
paraparaj. Cf. *paa.
2pao* [Port.] (— ) cards club(s). appl. papatulia. intr. papatuka. 1. be clean;
pangusa wipe/rub off, dry off, dust off.
be bright, shine. 2. fig., interj.: nipapatuke!
4 para (ma-) para (kind of cake).
Go away! Let me alone! {lit.: Cleanse me of
pania lift up, tuck/turn up (clothing, to protect Ipapa 1« beat, throb (heart, pulse). 2. fig.
you!)
it from dirt or damp). — kanzu. tuck up the tremble, quiver, shudder. 3. fig. be worried/ parafujo* [Port.l (-) 1. screw. 2. rare screw-
kanzu. - suruali. turn up the trouser-legs. upset, appl. papia. be in a hurry over some- driver (= bisibisi.)
papayuka intr. of paya.
thing, do something in haste/hastily, papia
panja (ma-), also — la uso. anat. temple, fore- chakula. eat hastily, papia kazi. work hur- paraga climb (a tree, etc., using arms and legs).
papi pi. of upapi.
lock. Cf. ^paji, ^kipaji. riedly, conl., arch, papata. cont.-intr.
parago 430 past 431 patano
parago (ma-) 1. parago (a stick on which one paru (ma-) paru (a confection made of sugar and
^pasi adj., rare avaricious, grasping; pushing, about ten years old. 3. find, hit upon. —
props oneself when picking cloves). 2. naut. opium).
ambitious, Cf. pata, mpasi. sababu. find a reason. — njia. find a way/
balancing-pole (used in dugout canoes).
method. 4. happen, occur, kupata. As it
parua, parura scrape, scratch, coll. — kazi.
pasia*, pasira \_Engl. j sport 1. to pass (foot- happened... (at the beginning of stories).
parakacha (— ) rustling sound (made by dry do slipshod work. int. paruza. 1. rub on
ball). 2. concede the championship to some- 5. (in conj. w. other verbs) can, be able,
leaves). something, paruza kibiriti. strike a match.
one. Cf. pasi, succeed in doing. — kufanya kazi. He was
2. be rough/harsh; (fig.) be rude /abrupt. Cf.
able to work. — kusikia. He succeeded in
parama, palama 1. be lacking/deficient. — *paa, paruparu, mparuzi, mparuzo.
Pasifiki* yEngl. J geogr. Pacific (Ocean), hearing. 6. suffer, be the victim of. —
usingizi. fail to get enough sleep. 2. be
(patwa na) homa. have a fever. — ugonjwa.
sterile/barren (esp. of trees), appl. paramia. paruparu 1. adj. rough, coarse; (fig.) rude, un-
pasipo, pasi, (rare) pasi na prep, without, suffer an illness. — baridi, suffer cold,
use* ir. zr„ ir.v. ser.se; see para~.;a „c*gw. ~;„;l
w..x. 9 „J..
_. ...
f. i~_:i..
rwxun.wi.ji, :_
...
i:__l.j/
H Ol.tlOllUU,
— shaka, without doubt. — hofu. without catch a cold, appl. patia. procure, secure.
hit-or-miss way, Cf. paa, parua.
fear. — nia. without intention, unintention- double appl. patilia. intr. patika, us. intr.-
paramende* (ma-) see peremende.
ally, ameondoka — kuniambia. He left with- ass. patikana. be procurable/obtainable.
parura parua.
out telling me (that he was going). bidhaa hizi hazipatikani sasa. These goods
paramia (appl. of parama, but used in an inv.
are not obtainable now. patikana na hatia.
sense ?) 1. climb/clamber up something pasa (caus. ofpata ?) concern, affect; be necessary;
pasira see pasia. be found guilty, njia inapatikana kwa upesi.
(quickly), simba alipotokea mtu aliparamia be unalterable/irrevocable, imepasa, yapasa.
The way could quickly be found, pass, patwa.
mit. When the lion appeared the man quickly It is right/fitting. It is necessary. One
paspoti* (— ) see ^pasi. patwa na ugonjwa. be seized by an illness,
scrambled up a tree. 2. climb onto/get on must... imempasa aende. He had to go. ass.
patwa na taabu. be overtaken by difficulties.
(vehicles). 3. grasp, take hold of (an oppo- pasana. be mutually obligated, be intimately
see ^pasi. ass. patana. 1. agree, strike a bargain. 2.
passipoti* LEngl.J (—)
nent in fighting); (fig.) assail someone (with concerned with each other, caus. pasisha,
be reconciled, reach an understanding. 3.
words), have an argument with someone. obligate someone, impose/inflict something
pastor. work well/harmoniously together, caus.
pasta* \_Engl. J (ma-) rare Cf.
on someone, coerce someone. Cf. pata.
pasha, patisha, patiza. cause to get/have.
mchunfiaji.
parange (ma-) broad-bladed knife, machete. — moto. warm up, heat. ass. -caus. pata-
Pasaka* [Port.] (-) Easter.
open, split, nisha. 1. pacify, appease. 2. reconcile.
pasua 1. tear (into pieces). 2. cut
parapanda (— ) parapanda (trumpet used for
Cf. pasa, fpasi, patanisho, patano, pato,
— mti. split a tree. — kuni. split firewood.
special ceremonies), rel. the last trump. pasha caus. of pata.
3, eviscerate, remove entrails (of an animal). kipasha, kipato, mpasi, mpatanishi, mpato,
4, vied, operate. 5, tear open. — barua. upasi, upataji, upatanisho, upatikanaji,

parare, barare (-) large grasshopper. lpasi* llnd. J (— ma-) , flatiron. piga — . iron
open a letter. 6. burst, explode, appl. upalilivu.
(clothes).
pasulia, operate on (someone), appl.-pass.
paraza caus. of *paa.
pasuliwa. intr. pasuka. bomu imepasuka. patanisho (ma-) (us. mapatanisho) 1. agree-
2pasi* \_Engl. J (— ma-) , 1. sport pass (foot- ment.
The bomb has exploded. Cf. mpasua, 2, reconciliation. Cf. pata.
paredi* [.Engl. ] (-) mil. parade, review. ball). 2. pass (in an examination).
mpasuko.
patano (ma-; us. pi.) 1. agreement ( = pata-
paria appl. of *paa.
3pasi*, paspoti, passipoti \_Engl. J (— ma-)
,
pata 1. get, obtain, receive. — fedha (faida). nisho 1). 2. understanding, settlement, con-
pass, passport, usiingie hapa bila ya — One

. receive money, make a profit. 2, reach, attract, treaty, fanya mapatano. conclude a
parokia* \_Port.~] (-) parish.
cannot enter this country without a pass(port). tain, achieve. — nguvu. gain strength, be- contract/treaty, mapatano ya biashara.
come strong. — nchi. reach/arrive in a commercial treaty. — la kuridhiana. compro-

paroko* LPort.l (-) parish priest. 4pasi see pasipo.
country, anapata miaka kumi. He is mise. 3. alliance. 4. conspiracy. Cf. pata.
fig.:
patashika 432 peipu
peke 433 pelelt
patashika pi. jeans, slacks. tongue, get someone to talk (and divulge
peke, pekee, pweke (-) solitude, isolation,
secrets), 2. bombard someone with questions. peketevu, pekutevu adj. 1. mixed/stirred up,
uniqueness. - ya. alone. - yangu. I alone. well stirred, thick, mushy.
patasi* (— ) chisel. Cf. payo, mpayukaji, upayukaji. 2. annoying,
- yao. they alone, -a peke yake, -a pekee. troublesome; scornful, contemptuous, defi-
alone, single, unique; individual, personal, ant, arrogant.
pati* LEngl.J (— ) 1. party, social gathering. payapaya see paya. Cf. pekecha, mpeketevu,
hukumu ya pekee. personal judgment. upeketevu.
2. rare (political) party. Cf.
mpweke, upweke.
payo (ma-) (us. pi.) 1. chatter, blabbing. 2.
patilizo (ma-) see upatilivu. nonsense. pekua 1. scratch (of hens); paw (the earth; of
3. delirium. Cf. paya.
pekecha, peketa 1. twist, twirl, stir, drill. _ horses). 2. fig. search, investigate; be in-
mashimo. drill holes. - moto. produce fire quisitive, appl. pekulia. hunt for (someone,
pato (ma-) (also upato, ma-; us. mapato) payuka intr. of paya.
by twirling one stick in a hole in anntlpr something): pry intn (snmr> ne' s affairs\
j.. auijuisiLioii; proceeds, return. 2. earnings,
2. spoil, damage, ruin. 3. fig. hurt, ache. intr. pekulika. red. pekuapekua (w.
income, mapato kwa mtu. per capita income. payukapayuka intr. of paya. int.
mifupa yangu inanipekecha. My bones ache. force), search diligently, investigate inten-
3. profit, biashara ya nazi haina — . Dealing
4. annoy /exasperate/bore someone. con- sively. 3. coll. run away. pekuzi,
in coconuts is not profitable. 4. achieve- payusha caus. of paya. 5. Cf.
fuse, disorganize, intr. pekecheka, peke- mpekuzi, upekuzi.
ment, enrichment. Cf. pata, kipato, *mpato.
teka. 1. be drilled/perforated. 2. be well
paza caus. of ^paa.
stirred, be of a pasty consistency. 3. be pekutevu adj. see peketevu.
patu* Und . J 1. pi. of upatu. 2. (ma-) augment,
damaged. 4. be disorganized/in a state of
of upatu 1. pazi (ma-) village elder/headman.
confusion. 5. fig. be arrogant/overbearing/ pekuzi adj. curious, inquisitive. Cf. pekua,
impudent, intr.-appl. pekechekea, peketekea mpekuzi, upekuzi.
pau (ma-) see * pao. pazia* (ma-) curtain, screen. — la tumbo. rare,
treat someone with scorn /contempt.
anat. diaphragm. — la moshi. recent, pol. Cf.
peketevu, ^mpekecho, 2 mpe kecho, mpe- pele pi. of upele.
paua construct the roof of a native house. smokescreen.
ketevu, upekecho, upeketevu; also Ipekua.
nyumba imekwisha lakini haijapauliwa. The
pelea appl. of ^pea.
house is finished, but the roof has not yet Ipea 1. be fully developed/mature; be complete-
pekecheka intr. of pekecha.
been constructed. ly ripe (fruit)._ 2. fig. attain the peak of per-
peleka 1. take (to a particular place or person),
fection. 3. look well/healthy. Cf. kipeo,
pekecho (ma-) see upekecho. convey, transport. 2. send, transmit, deliver.
paundi* (— ) see pauni. upeo; also pevua.
- simu. telegraph, wire. 3. lead, conduct,
pekee (-) see peke. escort. appL-caus. pelekeza. cause
pauni*, paundi, poundi [Engl. J (— ) pound to send,
2pea rare sweep. (= fagia.) Cf. ^kipeo.
have someone send something, pelekeza
(unit of currency or weight).
pekesheni* \_Engl.~\ 1. (-) inspection, inves- kidole. point with the finger.
Cf. mpelekwa,
3pea (— ) rare rhinoceros. (= kifaru.) upelekaji.
tigation, search, nyumbani kwake polisi
pawa pi. of upawa.
walil'anya — The
. police searched his house.
4pea appl. of pa. 2. v. investigate, search; eavesdrop. pelele (_) pelele (species of
paya, payapaya 1. chatter, talk nonsense. 2. rabbit, hyrax).
divulge (a secret), blab. 3. rave, be deliri-

pecha adv. like a cripple, enda — . limp, be peketa see pekecha. 2 pelele
ous, intr. payuka, payukapayuka, papayuka. (_) pelele (disc inserted in the lip).
lame.
1.: alishikwa na homa kali akapayuka. He
peketeka intr. of pekecha.
had a high fever and was delirious. 2.: siku peleleza 1. observe, examine (surreptitiously);
peipu* (— ) see paipu.
zote anapayuka ovyo. He always talks non- pry into/be curious about. 2. spy (out), re-
peketekea intr.-appl. of pekecha.
sense, caus. payusha. 1. loosen someone's connoiter. - siri. pry into secrets. Cf.
mpelelezi, upelelezi.
pele 434 pendekezo pendeleo 435
pelezi (ma-) blunt place, nick (in the edge of pembejo (ma-) anat. thigh; (rare) hip. pendeleo (ma-) (us. mapendeleo) affection,
pensili*, penseli [Engl.'] (_) rare (lead)
a cutting tool). goodwill, attachment, favor.
Cf. penda. pencil. •(= kalamu.)
pembenne (— ) quadrilateral, rectangle. Cf.

, 2 i pendelevu adj. partial, biased, prejudiced
x pemba 1. get hold of (with a hook). - minazi. pembe. fin x penu
see -enu.
favor of someone). Cf. penda.
pull down coconuts. 2. knock off/down (with
pembetatu (-) triangle. 2 pembe.
a stick). 3. fig. trick, deceive, cheat. 4. Cf. 2 penu
pendevu adj. kind, affectionate, friendly.
pi. of upenu.
fig., rare lick, taste (with the tongue).
Cf.
Cf.
penda.
upembo. pembizo (ma-) see pambizo.
penya 1. penetrate, make one's way through/
pene* (ma-) see peni.
into. - mwituni. make one's way through the
pembo pi. of upembo.
~F emba Femba (an island near Zanzibar, forest. 2. fig. arouse desire/greed, ndizi
famous for its cloves). penesilini* [Engl. ] sing,
zimempenya. He is greedy for bananas (lit.:
pembua 1. sift, winnow. 2. sort out, cull, penicillin.
Bananas penetrate into him), caus. penyeza,
select, appl. pembulia. intr. pembuka.
penga penyesha. put in (by force), force in; smuggle.
^pembe (— ma-) , 1. horn (of an animal or the 1. blow the nose. 2. puff, pant, breathe
— fedha. force money on someone,
substance), piga — . strike with the horns, penalti* [.Engl. J (— ) sport penalty kick.
heavily, bribe,
penyeza desturi (kawaida). introduce new
butt (cattle, goats, etc.; - kumba,).
elephant's tusk, ivory. 3. mus. horn. pengee (ma-) customs/practices without considering those
2.
penda i. like, love, be fond 2. want, wish; (also kipengee, kipenge, ki-
of.
previously observed, refl.-caus. jipenyeza.
4. powder-horn/flask. 5. wing (of a build- choose, prefer, upendavyo. as you like, kwa
pengere, kipengele, vi-) 1. side-path, byway,
insinuate oneself, steal/slip in.
ing, army). indirect route. 2. detour, bypass. 3. evasion, Cf. penyenye,
kupenda kwako. for your sake. intr. pendeka.
kipenyo, mpenyezi, mpenyezo, upenyaji.
excuse, subterfuge, maneno ya mapengee.
be likeable/popular, intr.-caus. pendekeza.
— excuses. 4. fig. indiscretion, escapade.

^pembe (— ) 1. corner. nne za chumba attract attention, re fl. -intr. -caus. jipende-
penye (<pa + -enye, q.v.) (always w.
5. branch, tributary, affluent (of a river, - following
(nyumba). the four corners of the room keza. ingratiate oneself, curry favor, double
cha mto).
obj.): - tangi. filling station, prov.: Penye
(house), loc. pembeni. in the corner. 2. appl. pendelea. have a predilection/propen-
urembo ndipo penye urimbo. Where there is
geom. angle, pembemraba. right angle, sity for, be partial to, favor, double appl.-
beauty there is also a trap.
pembekali. acute angle, pembebutu. obtuse caus. pendeleza. cause to be partial, win
pengi adv. in many places. Cf. ingi.
angle, pembetatu. triangle. 3. corner-post; favor for, recommend, caus. pendeza. 1.

penyenye (ma-) 1. rare (secret) passage, means
pengine adv. at another place, elsewhere; at
(fig.) prominent feature. 4.: — za mwaka. cause to like/love, be popular/attractive.
of access. 2.: mapenyenye. secret matters/
another time, sometime; (us. red. pengine pe-
seasons of the year. Cf. kipembe, upembe. 2. be refreshed/pleased. 3. appease,
affairs. Cf. penya.
placate, ass. pendana. love each other.
ngine) sometimes. — na — . in any event,
perhaps. Cf. ingine.
pembea (rare bembea) 1. swing, rock, oscillate. ass.-paus. pendanisha. reconcile, make
penyewe see -enyewe.
appZ. pembelea. intr. pembeka. caus. pe- peace between. Cf. pendevu, pendelevu,
kipendo, kipenzi, mapendano, mapendeleo,
pengo (-, ma-) 1. nick, notch, cut. 2. gap.
mbeza. pembeza mtoto. rock a child to
penyezi see upenyaji.
ana -. He is missing a tooth. flaw,
sleep. 2. (— ) swing, seesaw, trapeze, mapendezi, mpenda, mpendelevu, mpendevu, 3. fig.
defect.
kiti cha — . rocking chair. mpendwa, mpenzi, pendekezo, pendeleo,
penyo (ma-) augment, of kipenyo.
penzi, upendaji, upendano, upendeleo,
peni*, pene [Engl.l (ma-) penny,
pembeja 1. persuade, cajole, talk someone upendelevu, upendezi, upendo, upendwa.
penzi (ma-) (us. mapenzi) 1. love, favor,
into something. 2. play the hypocrite,
inclination. 2. desire, wish.
pendekezo (ma-) 1. wish, desire. 2. decision. penseli* [Engl.] (-) see Cf. penda.
flatter. pensili.
3. prescription. Cf. penda.

peo pi. of upeo.
pensheni* [Engl. ] (-) pension.
. .
pepa 436 pesa peta

437 pia
pepa 1. swing, shake, wave, fan. 2. stagger, pepesuka caus.-intr. of pepa. peta 1. bend, curve. - uzi. bend a wire. _ petua inv. of lpeta.
totter, reel. appl. pepea, bebea. swing/wave/ mguu. bend the leg. 2. turn/roll up. - nguo.
shake something, pepea vitambaa. swing pepeta 1. cont. of pepa. — za mpunga.
2. (— ): tuck up a garment, _
fig. uso . wrinkle the petuka
cloths, fan. pepea moto. fan a fire, mvua inv.-intr. of lpeta.
pulverized grains of rice. Cf. pepa. brow, make a face. caus. petesha. bend
inapepea. the rain beats/drives, double round, make a ring of something, ass.
appl. pepelea. pepelea fulani chakula. cool pepetua cont.-inv. of pepa. petulia inv.-appl. of lpeta.
petana. appl.-stat.-ass. petemana. be bent
the food for someone (by fanning), double
round, be formed into a ring,
appl.-stat.-
appl.-intr. peperuka (< pepeluka). flyaway, petusha inv.-caus. of lpeta.
Ipepo (— ) 1. spirit. — mwema (mbaya). a good ass.-caus. petemanisha. bend
round, form
be carrieu away, karatasi imepeperuka. the
(evil) spirit, ingiwa/shikwa/pagawa na — into a ring/hoop, give a curve
(to some-
paper is blown away (by the wind), double
pevu adj. full grown, mature, adult.
be possessed by a spirit, punga/toa — thing), caus. pesa. wink, blink Cf.
(the. py P * ; pevua, mpevu, upevu.
appl.-caus. peperusha. blow away, peperusha exorcise a spirit, mvvenye — one possessed
. cf. pepesa^. inv. petua. turn around/over,
bendere ya... fly the flag of... caus. pepesa. by a spirit. dwelling-place of spirits,
2. upset, turn upside down, inv.-appl. petulia.
pepesa macho, blink/squint the eyes, caus.- pevua 1. develop fully, mature, ripen.
world of spirits, abode of the dead (spirits mv.-intr. petuka. 2. over-
inv.-caus. petusha. Cf.
inv. (w. int. force), pepesua. cause stimulate, pervert, corrupt,
to of ancestors). 3. (also — za kesho or loc. pete ipeto, kipete, kipeto,
upeto.
intr. pevuka. be
fully developed/mature; reach a climax/
stagger/stumble. caus.-(inv.-)intr. pepesuka. peponi). the other world, the hereafter. —
1. stagger, stumble, reel, lurch. 2. shake. culmination, ugonjwa wake sasa umepevuka.
ya leo. the present world, the world of the 9
^peta cont. of pepa.
cont. pepeta (also peta). winnow, His illness has reached
sift, living. 4.: — punda. evil spirit; (med.) its final stage /culmi-
separate, cont.-inv. pepetua = pepeta (cf. tetanus. Cf. pepa.
nation, caus. pevusha. 1. allow to ripen/
pete (-, ma-) 1. ring, circle, hoop. coll. siku
also papatua^. inv. pepua = pepeta. mature. 2. corrupt, ruin. re/7,
Cf. jipevua. put
hizi wamekuwa chanda na -. They are now on airs, show
pepe, pepeo, pepeta, *pepo, kipepeo, kipe- off, be conceited^ Cf. pevu,
^pepo pi. of upepo. like ring and finger (i.e., close friends). 2. mpevu, mpevushi, upevu; also
po, mpepea, mpepetaji, upepeo, upepezi, !pea.
hasp, staple (for securing a door).
3. hole
upepo.
peponi loc. see pepo. pierced in a woman's ears (for
inserting pewa pass, of pa.
earrings or ornaments), toga mapete. pierce
pepe
v v (ma-)
v empty
v ' /barren ear of grain.
B Cf. pepa.
r r ,
'
i
pepua mv. of pepa. the ears. Cf. lpeta. pezi (ma-) fin (of a fish).
pepelea double appl. of pepa. pera* \_PorUA (ma-) guava (fruit of the mpera ). petemana appl.-stat.-ass. of lpeta. pi interrog. 1. which? what? mtuyupi? Which
pepeo (ma-) (augment, of kipepeo) 1. (large) /_ person? kiti kipi? Which chair?
K " v '
v " r r i i n / \
perema (—) med. mumps. <
(-
,
machumbwi-
, .
2. end.
petemanisha appl.-stat.-ass. -caus. how? atafanyapi? How
fan (for fanning fires, etc.). 2. fig. ventila-
chumbwi.) of lpeta. will he do it? 3.
tor. 3. zool. butterfly. 4. pi. of upepeo. (= wapi) where? to what place?

unakwendapi?
Ipeto (ma-) bag, sack (made of matting). Where are you going?
Cf. pepa. peremende*, perementi, paramende \_Engl.J
1.
(ma-) peppermint, hard candy.

2.: mapeto. chains, fetters. Cf. lpeta.
peperuka double appl.-intr. of pepa. Ipia adv. 1. completely, totally, without

excep-
2peto pi. of upeto. tion. 2. also, even.
Ipesa* [Port. J (ma-) 1. arch. pice. 2.: mapesa.
peperusha double appl-caus. of pepa.
money, hana mapesa. He has no money.
petroli* [Engl J (_) petrol, gasoline, mafuta 2 Pia (-) 1. reel, spool, spindle. 2. top (child's
pepesa caus. of pepa. ya -. gasoline, fuel.
2pesa caus. of lpeta.
toy J. 3 . fig., anat, - ya goti/mguu. kneecap.
( kilegesambwa.) 4. fig.: anazunguka kama
pepesua caus. -inv. of pepa. P6lU ^ - 6tU -
- He is a âys °" the move (lit.: like a top).
picha 438 pima
pimamaji
439 pindul
picha LEngl. J (-) 1. picture, drawing, andika pigo (ma-) 1. blow, stroke. - la ngoma. beat
-. draw (a picture). critically, form an estimate,
2. photograph, piga -. of a drum, mapigo ya moyo. pulsebeat. criticize. pindamana stat.-ass. of pinda.
nimeyapima maneno yake nimeyaona
photograph, take a snapshot. 2. hardship, misfortune, accident. Cf. piga. si
kweli. I have weighed his words
and pindani adj. stubborn/obstinate/unyielding
found that they are untrue,
piga strike, hit, beat. used. w. a variety of pika 1. prepare food, cook. 2. boil. appl. pi m i a . Cf. pinda.
Cf.
kitu cha kupimia. measure.
direct objects to form verbal expressions: mapishi, mpishi, Impiko, upishi. 3. (_) fathom,
— mhuri. stamp. — chapa. print. — simu.

two yards,
fa., C0 H toa macho ___ pinde, pindi pi. of upinde, upindi.
stare into space. pimamaji, kipima,
telephone, telegraph. — taipu. type (= write piki (ma-) see ^pikipiki.
Cf.
kipimio, kipimo, mpima, mpimo,
with the typewriter). — muziki. play music. upimaji.
pindi (ma-, -) 1. bend, twist, curve, turn.
— ngoma. beat the drum. — tarumbeta. blow - ya
lpikipiki, piki, pigipigi (ma-), kipiki, kipikipiki mto. bend of a river. 2. (division
•^mama;! ,.,-=,—
the trumpet. — kengeie. ring a bell. — bu- piiimsiiarazi) (-) I. water
stick used for knocking or interval of) time, time for
(vi-) down fruit.
level, stage. something.
nduki. shoot (a gun). — hema. pitch a tent.
2. water gauge. 3. spirit
- za mchana. the times (= divisions) of
level. Cf. pima, maji.
— pasi. iron (clothes). — msumeno. saw
lpikipiki (— ) onom. motorcycle.
the day. _ ya chakula. mealtime. _ za
(wood). — burashi. brush. — mstari. draw a mti. annual rings (of a tree).
pimasharazi (- see 3. lapse,
) pimamaji.
line. — picha. draw (pictures), take photo- course, period (of time),
piku* [.Port. J 1. cards win (a trick or the game). tutaonana -
graphs. — stati. start (a car). — fundo. tie mwakani. We shall see each other again
2. cheat (at cards). 3. coll. excel, surpass, pimo (ma-) see kipimo.
a knot. — sindano. vaccinate. — kelele. in the course of the year.
outdo (= shinda). ananishinda kwa masomo 4. conj. (at
yell, scream. — vita, wage a war. — mbio. the time) when;
ya hesabu, lakini na mimi kwa somo pinda if, although, supposing.
la jio- 1. twist, bend, curve. - uzi. twist a
run. — mbizi. dive. — kura. vote. — hodi. Cf. pinda.
grafia nimempiku. He did better than I did in thread, mstari uliopinda. curvefd line).
ask admission, knock. — magoti. kneel. —
mathematics but I beat him in geography. 2. - upindo/mshono. turn down a
fold.
fatiha. perform a ceremony. — makuu. put on
4. (ma-) cheating (at cards). seam (on a garment), ass. pindana. be pindi see pinde.
airs, be arrogant, red, pigapiga. whip (eggs,
folded/fitted together; (fig.) be tense/
etc.). appl. pigia. pigia kura. elect some-
pilau*, bilau LPers.J (-) pilau (boiled rice strained; have a cramp; be stubborn,
as- pindi, pinda (ma-) = kipinda.
one, pigia simu. call someone up (on the
with raisins and ghee). sert dogmatically, stat.-ass. pindamana.
telephone), send a wire to someone, double
be twisted together/entangled/gnarled; pindo (ma-) edge, border, hem.
appl. pigilia. 1. strike in, drive home. Cf. pinda.
Ipili num. two. —a — second, ya —.secondly,
. (fig.) be convulsed, inv. pindua. turn
pigilia msumari. drive a nail. 2. ram down,
next, following, mara ya — . for the second around, overturn, reverse; change direction. Pindu 1 (ma-) (sudden) turn, somersault,
tamp. intr. pigika. caus, pigisha. ass.
time. pindua ukarasa wa kitabu. turn the page of cartwheel. 2. adv. upside down,
pigana. strike each other, fight, ass. -appl. a kichwa -.
book, pindua meli. change the course of a
head over heels. Cf. pinda.
pigania. fight for something. Cf. kipigi,
ship, refl.-inv, jipindua. turn around (of
kipigo, mapigano, mpiga, mpigaji, mpiganaji, 2pili, piri (-) pili (kind of adder).
a person); change one's mind. inv. -appl. pindua inv. of pinda.
mpiganisho, mpigo, mpigwa, pigano, pigo,
pindul ia. intr. pinduka. be turned around,
upigaji, upiganaji, upigano. pilipili* LPers, J (-) pepper. - manga (hoho).
be changed, take a new direction, inv.-intr.-
pinduani (ma-) 1. stubborn/determined per-
black (red) pepper. Cf. kipilipili, mpilipili.
appl. pindukia. climb over something son. 2. revolutionist, radical.
pigano (ma-) (us. mapigano; also mpigano, mi-) Cf. pinda.
(a wall, etc.). caus. pinduza.
pilka-pilka (— ) viewfinder (of a camera). Cf. ki-
fight, battle, engagement, skirmish; quarrel.
pindi, kipindo, kipindupindu, mpindani, pinduka inv.-jntr. of pinda.
Cf. piga.
mpindanifu, mpindano, mpinduzi, pindani,
pima 1. measure, weigh, test. — upana. measure
lpindi, pindo, pindu, pinduani, pinduli, pinduli (ma-) something which produces
pigipigi (ma-) see *pikipiki. the width. — viazi. weigh potatoes. — joto. a
pinduo, pindupindu, mapindu, mapinduzi, change of direction/radical
take a person's temperature. 2. •consider change/revolu-
upindani, upinde, upinduzi. tion, cause of change.
Cf. pinda.
piramidi pofu
pindulia 440 441
Piri (-) see 2 pi \ L

pindulia inv.-appl. of pinda. pingani adj. (of persons) obstructive, con-
wakati. pass/waste time. Cf. pito, ki-
trary, troublesome, difficult. pito, mpita, mpito.
Cf. pinga.
pirikana be well developed/muscular.
pinduo (ma-) 1. (radical, drastic) change,
transformation, alteration. 2. pol. revolu- 1 pito (ma-) (augment, of kipito)

pingili (ma-) augment, of kipingili. (act, means
pisha caus. of pita.
tion. Cf. pinda. of) passing, passage. Cf. pita.
^pingili (— ) (augment, of kipingili) piece, pishi (— ) pishi (a measure of capacity or

pindupindu 1. (— ) convulsion, fit, seizure. plagi* [Engl.1 (-) 1. plug, stopper, bung.
section (e.g., of sugarcane, between joints). weight: half a gallon, 6 lb.).
2. adv. head over heels, anguka — . fall 2. (electric) plug.
nipe — tatu za mua. Give me three pieces
down head over heels. Cf. pinda.
of sugarcane. pisho (ma-) (act of) cauterizing (or the mark plau* [Engl. ] (_) pl ow . l ima kwa (na) _
left).
pinga (& caus. pinza) 1. lock, fasten.
to plow.
pingo (ma-) (also mpingo, mi-) obstruction,
— mlango. fasten a door (with a bar).
barrier, bolt (on a door). Cf. pinga. pistola* (-) see bastola. pi en* [Engl.]
2. block, obstruct. — njia. block a road. /'. plain, simple, under-
3. oppose, counteract, check, frus- standable.

fig.
pingu (— ma-)
, 1. fetter, shackle; handcuff. piswa 1. speak confusedly /foolishly (like a
trate, thwart. — nia ya fulani. thwart
2. a loop of rope used as an aid in climb- feeble-minded or senile person).
someone's plans. 2. (ma-) po det.: pote, popote. wherever, everywhere.
4. fig. refute, revoke,
ing trees. 3. a disc of wood (ebony) worn ~~
mapiswa.
contradict. 5. fig. bet, lay a wager, ass.
in the lobe of the ear. 4. a charm protect-
pingana. thwart/contradict each other; poa 1. cool off, become cool, chai imepoa.
ing against evil spirits. Cf. pinga. pita 1. go past, pass (by); go on, proceed. the tea has cooled.
make a bet with each other; challenge/defy 2. recover (from an
— mji. pass by a town, mto wapita. the illness), get well, amepoa
each other, stat. pingama & stat.-ass. ugonjwa. He
pingua (inv. of pinga) cut into pieces/lengths river flows past, mvvaka uliopita. the past has recovered from the illness.
pingamana. be opposed/in opposition to 3. cool
(e.g., sugarcane). Cf. kipingili. year. 2. go beyond, surpass, excel, ex-
something, stat.-ass. -caus. pingamanisha
off, calm down, hasira yake imepoa. His
ceed; distinguish oneself; be better than... anger has calmed down.
(w. int. force), deliberately obstruct/frus- appl. polea. caus.
pingulia inv.-appl. of pinga. kitabu hiki ni kizuri kupita kile. This book poza. 1. cool something (off).
trate something, inv. pingua. remove, 2. calm,
is better than (lit.: surpasses) that one. console, nitakwenda kumpoza.
carry away; unfasten (a door); cut open, I will go
pini (ma-) augment, of kipini. appl. pitia. go past, pass by (something, to console him/calm him down.
cut up (fruit, wood), inv.-appl. pingulia. 3. cure,
someone), be forgotten, pass, pitiwa. for- heal.
Cf. pingamizi, pingani, pingo, pingu, ki- Cf. mapoza, mpozi.
2 pini* get, nilipitiwa. I have forgotten. cannot
pinga, kipingamizi, kipingili, kipingo, ki- [Engl. ] (-) pin. I
recall/remember, double appl. pitilia pochi* [ind.p] (ma-)

pingwa, mpinga, mpingaji, mpinzani, pochi (kind of bracelet),
(w. int. force), nimepitiliwa. have com-
upingaji, upingamishi, upinzani. pinki* \_Engl. J adj. pink. I
pletely forgotten, appl.-ass. pitiana. be poda* [Engl.1 (-) powder. Cf. podea.
pinza caus. of pinga.
in constant touch/association with each
pingama stat. of pinga.
other, be on familiar terms (of social or podea* [EnglJ powder (a baby, etc.). refl.
pipa* tPort. J (ma-)

business relationships), caus. pisha, pi- jipodea. powder oneself/one's face.
pingamizi (— ) impediment, obstacle; disturb- barrel, cask, water-
— tisha. 1. lead, guide, conduct; allow to Cf. poda.
ance, interruption, difficulty, tunataka ku- container, tank. la maji ya moto. hot-
water tank. — pass, make room for. pitisha hewasafi.
fanya amani lakini kuna — nyingi. We want la mafuta ya petroli. fuel tank.
ventilate, pisha sheria. pass/promulgate podo (ma-) quiver, case
to make peace, but there are many difficul- for arrows.
a law. 2. miss, neglect; waste, pitisha
pinga. piramidi* \_Engl. J (ma-) pyramid.
ties. Cf.
^pofu adj. blind. Cf. pofua.
- !
pofu
pokonya
442
pole 443 pongezi
2 pofu
(-) Impofu. pokea 1. accept, receive; obtain. - barua. Pole, polepole adj./adv. 1. calm, cautious,
receive a letter. caus. ponyesha.
2. take in, welcome (as careful, slow,
1. cause to flee/run
sema pole(pole)! Speak
pofua damage, destroy, ruin. - maeho. a guest), away. 2. rescue, save.
blind wametupokea vizuri. They have slowly, (kwa) polepole.
3. heal, cure,
gradually.
{lit.: destroy the eyes), appl, pofulia. given us a good reception. mgonjwa ameponywa na mganga.
3. acknowl- 2. mild, gentle, kind. The sick
Cf. upole.
intr. pofuka. caus. pofusha. pofu, edge, approve, admit; consent, agree. person was cured by the doctor,
Cf. caus.-intr.
kipofu, upofu. - maneno. ponyeka. haiponyeki.
acknowledge/admit words/ It is incurable.
pole inter j. 1. expressing sympathy/ com-
statements, refl.-caus. jiponya. save oneself.
appl. pokelea. appl.-caus. Cf. ki-
passion (on occasions of misfortune, ponya, maponea, maponyea,
pofuka intr. of pofua. pokeleza. caus. pokeza. mponyeshaji,
cause to re-
troubles, illness, death).
2. Sorry! Excuse uponyi.
ceive, hand out, issue, jana alitupokeza
me
pofulia appl. of pofua. mshahara. Yesterdav ,
Yip Isenorl —
tU ——
,.,„
fi
,,
„.j
Ponda
to us. caus.-ass. 1. pound, ram, tamp. - udongo.
pokezana & caus. -ass. ram/
polea appl. of poa.
pofusha caus. of pofua. tamp clay. 2. pound
caus. pokezanya. alternate/take turns to pieces, grind, pul-
verize. 3. destroy, overwhelm, annihilate.
(at doing something), take/get something
pogo 1. (ma-) lopsidedness, irregularity, by turns,
polisi* [Engl J 1. ( ma _) ( a i so askari _) 4. fig. run over (w. a vehicle),
amepo-
pokezana/pokezanya mizigo.
policeman. 2. (-) police force. ndwa na motokaa. He was
asymmetry, mapogo ya macho, squinting. take turns carrying burdens, run over by an
wafanya kazi
adv. sideways, automobile, appl. pondea.
2. in a crooked/lopsided wanapokezana kazi kila saa nne. The pondea pili-
pombe (_) pombe (an intoxicating drink pre- pili kinuni.
way. enda — . limp, tazama — . squint, workers relieve each other on the job grind up pepper in a mortar.
pared from millet, bananas, and caus.
look sideways. pogoa. every four hours. sugarcane). ponza & caus.-appl. ponzea.
Cf. Cf. pokezi, kipokee,
1. have something pounded/ground.
kipokeo, mpokea, upokeaji. 2. ex-
pombo (-, ma-) 1. (in gen.) the leaf of any pose someone to a danger,
pogoa, pokoa, pagua lop, prune (bushes, trees), risk something.
plant used as a vegetable. 2. pombo ametuponzea
cut off (branches), appl. pogolea. kisu pokelea appl. of pokea. (a tukafungwa. He got us into a
kind of vegetable gruel used dangerous situation, and we
to thicken were arrested.
cha kupogolea. pruning knife, caus. po-
gravies).
Cf. pondeo, pondo, kipondwe,
gosha Cf. pogo, pogoo, upogo. pokeleza appl.-caus. of pokea. mponda,
^mpondo.
pomboo (ma-) porpoise.
pogoo (ma-) branch cut off a tree. Cf. pogoa. pokeo (ma-) see pokezi, mapokezi.
pondeo (ma-) pondeo (wooden
hammer/mallet
pomoka used by shoemakers).
pointi* L Engl. J (-) point, dot. pokezana caus.-ass. of pokea. = bomoka intr. of bomoa. Cf. ponda.
pondo ma -), mpondo (mi-),

pokezanya caus. -ass. -caus. of pokea. pomoka see
( upondo (-),
pojo (— ) pojo (kind of bean, Phaseolus poromoa.
kipondo (vi-) naut. punting pole, boat-
mungo). (= choroko.) hook. Cf. ponda.
pokezi, pokeo (ma-) (us. mapokezi) pomoni adv. chock-full, crowded.
1. that which is received. 2. acceptance,
pojo (— ) pojo (kind of vetch). pongea I. rare bring something difficult
reception. 3. fig. tradition, custom, pona 1. flee, run away (from danger). to
2. be a conclusion. 2. rare recover (from an
. ,„ . ,
usage. 4. fig. superstition. Cf. pokea. rescued/saved. 3. make a living; live,
,
poka (& inv. pokua) take away, appropriate illness), caus. pongeza. congratulate
exist. 4. improve; get better (from an
(by force) snatch; rob, steal, ass. pokana. , (someone who has recovered
i
pokoa mv. of poka.
. ,
illness), from an ill-

appl. ponea. 1. be saved by.
steal from/rob each other, inv.-caus. (?
ness). Cf. pongezi.
)
2, live off, be dependent for one's liveli-
pokonya = poka. Cf. upokonyaji.
pokonya mv.-caus. of, poka.
.
, ,
hood on something, caus. ponya & double
pongezi (-, ma-) congratulations. Cf. pongea.
444 porojo poro|o
445 potea
pongono (ma-) quiver. lonely/abandoned, porojo

tangu ameondoka tu- (-) see poroja. posta* [Engl.'] (-) post office (building
mepooza. Since he is gone we feel aban- and services), tikiti ya -. postage stamp.
pongoo pi. of upongoo. doned, poromoa (& caus. poromosha,
caus. poozesha. cripple, muti- rare pomosha) kwa -. by mail, karani wa -. postal em-
late, deform, paralyze. 4. (ma-) some- slide/roll down. poromoka ployee,
intr. (rare po- nyumba ya -. post office (build-
poni* \_Engl.~] 1. (-) pledge. (= rahani.) thing undeveloped/immature; premature moka, bpromoka). mjenzi ameporomoka ing), idara ya -. post-office department.
vveka — . leave as a pledge, pawn. 2. v. birth. adj. undeveloped, immature. kwenye paa
5. la nyumba. The builder fell benki ya akiba kwa njia ya -. postal
pledge, pawn.
Cf. kipooza, upooza. off the roof of the house, mvua iliporomoka. savings bank.
The rain poured down (e.g., in a cloudburst).
pono (— ) pono (a kind of sluggish fish that popo (ma-) zool.
1. bat. 2. rare (us. ki- Cf. poromoko. pota (rare popota) twist. - uzi. twist/
lives among coral), prov. mtu huyu ana popo) butterfly, moth. -....._ ....w Utl . — ,„ lf;„u. tiuss me legs.
usingizi kama — . This man sleeps like a poromoko (us. maporomoko) (ma-) 1. steep inv. potoa, popotoa. 1. = pota.
pono. popoa knock fruit off a tree slope, precipice.
with a stick/ 2. fall, crash, maporo- 2. ruin, spoil (work); distort, pervert.
stone, appl, popolea. Cf. 2m

p p 00 . moko ya mvua. cloudburst, maporomoko ya potoa maneno. pervert words, refl.-inv.
ponoa 1. pull/strip off (the bark from a tree, maji. waterfall, maporomoko ya mto. cat- jipotoa. ruin oneself (by drinking, im-
etc.). 2. wipe off (the hands), appl. po- popoo* iPers.] (rare bobo) (-) areca/ aract. landslide, avalanche. moral conduct),
3. Cf. po- inv.-appl. potolea. inv.-
nolea. betel nut. Cf. Impopoo. romoa. intr. potoka. 1. be twisted/crooked.
2. fig. be perverse/eccentric/whimsical.
ponta* L Port. J (— ) back stitch, quilting popota see pota. portangi* [indj (-) (paper) kite. (= tiara.) 3. fig. be stubborn/obstinate, inv.-caus.
seam.
potosha. distort; pervert, lead astray,
popote see po. posa 1. ask to marry (a spoil. Cf. potea, potoe, mpoto, mpotoe,
girl), propose; woo,
ponya caus. of pona. be a suitor, upote, upotovu.
appl. posea. mali ya kuposea.
popotoa inv. of pota. money for wedding preparations, ass. po-
ponyeka caus.-intr. of pona.
sana. reach an agreement on a marriage. *pote see — ote.
Ipora (ma-) young cock/rooster. 2. (-) see poso. maposo, mposaji,
Cf.
ponyesha double caus. of pona.
mposeaji, mposo. 9
-*pote pi. of upote.
9
pora coll. snatch (at something), mwivi
ponyoka slip away, escape (unexpectedly, in-
amempora mfuko wake. The thief
posha support, maintain, provide with food.
potea (appl. of pota) 1. disappear, be/get
advertently). — maneno. make a slip of
appl. poshea.
snatched her purse. caus. posheza. Cf. posho.
the tongue, say the wrong thing.
lost. — njia. lose one's way. — akili.
lose one's head/senses, become excited/
pori* (ma-) wilderness, uninhabited region posho (-, ma-) 1. daily rations (e.g., of
ponza caus. of ponda.
confused. — maneno. say the wrong
(without trees). corn meal, issued to workers on plantations).
thing, make a slip of the tongue. 2. be
2. (in gen.) maintenance, support; means of
mistaken, be in the wrong. 3. perish, be
pooza 1. be incompletely developed, tunda subsistence, livelihood.
poroja, porojo 1, (— ) porridge, gruel; a mix- Cf. posha.
ruined, appl. potelea. pass, potewa.
hili limepooza. This fruit is unripe. 2. be
ture of a watery consistency. 2. v. be incur/suffer a loss,
paralyzed/crippled; be impotent. amepotewa na mapesa
(fig,.)
pasty /watery. poso, posa (-) (also uposo, uposa) 1. suit,
yake. He has lost his money, caus. po-
mkono umepooza. the arm is paralyzed/ proposal of marriage, peleka -. send a
teza. 1. lose. 2. throw away.
crippled, mwenye kupooza. a cripple; 3. ruin/
proposal of marriage (from the parents of
^porojo (ma-) 1. small talk, chitchat, idle/ corrupt/abuse someone, ass.
(fig.) an impotent man. 3. fig. feel poteana.
the man to the parents of the girl). 2. wed-
empty talk. 2. pol. propaganda. lose each other, be separated/scattered.
ding preparations. 3. wedding present.
Cf. potevu, mpotevu, upotevu.
Cf. posa.
potevu 446 pukuchulia
pukupuku 447 pumbo
potevu adj. 1. lost, strayed. 2. destructive. 2 pua* [Pers.^l (-) (us. chumacha-)
3. disastrous, ruinous. 4. wasteful, extrav- tempered iron, steel, — harden, temper. pukupuku
tia . see kipukupuku. puliza (rare puza) 1. blow, blow up, in-
agant. Cf. potea, mpotevu, upotevu.
flate. - mpira. inflate a ball. 2. blow/
Q
u pua see puna. pukusa caus. of pukuta. fan fa fire), appl. pulizia, (rare)
potoa puzia.
inv. of pota.
intr. pulizika.
4 pua see
potoe, potovu 1. adj. bent, crooked, askew;
pura. pukusa (-) pukusa (kind of banana).
Cf.
puluki* (_) see puleki.
deformed, distorted; ruined, depraved, de- kuta
puchari*, buchari L Ind. _J (— ) large knife.
moralized; stubborn, eccentric. 2. rare
pululu (ma-) wilderness, desolate/uninhabited
(— ) obstinacy, wilfulness, caprice. Cf.
pukuso (ma-) gift, present (on festive occa-
|JU|UO sions)
pota. Cf. pukuta.
pugi (— ) ornith. wood dove (Turtur afer). puma beat, pulse (of the heart).
Cf. pumua.
potoka inv. -intr. of pota. pukuta, pukucha shake off (water), shake down
(fruit, etc.), strip off. _ mahindi. strip off
pugikikombe (— ) ornith. tambourine dove the grains (from an ear pumba
potolea inv.-appl. of pota. of maize), intr. pu- (_, ma-) 1. lump; (small) ball,
(Tympanistria tympanistria). kutika. fall off (in great bundle. chaff.
numbers, like 2. 3. med. excretion
leaves), fig. watu walipukutika. People (under the foreskin).
potosha inv.-caus. of pota.
pujua, puchua 1. scratch, scrape. 2. pull/ have fallen like flies (as victims of an epi-
strip off. — embe. peel a mango. — mu- demic), caus. pukutisha. 2 pumba
potovu see potoe. 1. crumble some- (-, ma-) see bumba.
Hindi, strip off the grains of an ear of thing. 2. let fall, allow to drip, pukutisha
maize. 3. rare skin, flay. Cf. chuna. jasho. drip with sweat,
poundi* (— ) see pauni. caus. pukusa. pumbaa 1. be speechless (from astonishment);
4. separate grain from the chaff, appl, shake off/down,
1. pukusa mwembe mzima. gape, stare, be nonplussed. 2. be dull-witted/
pujulia. intr. pujuka. pass, pujuliwa. shake down the
povu (ma-) bubble; lather, foam, froth; scum; fruit of the mango tree. stupid/ignorant. 3. be careless/thought-
refl. jipujua. 1. scratch oneself. 2. fig. 2. pour out, hand out (presents); con-
effervescence, fanya — . foam, bubble, ef- fig. less/absentminded/lazy. _ kazi. do one's
undress, strip. 3. fig. expose oneself, gratulate,
fervesce. inv. pukutua, pukuchua = pu- work carelessly/in a slipshod fashion;
be shameless/immodest. Cf. pujufu, mpu- kuta. 2 pu kusa, pukuso, pukute,
Cf. kipuku, (fig.) take it easy, amuse oneself, caus.
jufu.
poza caus. of poa. ikipukusa, 2kjpukusa, m pukuti. pumbaza. 1. render someone speechless,
embarrass/nonplus someone. 2. delude
pujufu, pujuzi adj. shameless, immodest;
prediketo* LEngl.l (-) rare, gramm. predi- pukute (— ): wali wa — or — ya wali. rice someone, make a fool of someone, refl.-
wasteful. Cf. pujua,
cooked in such a way that the grains are caus. jipumbaza. feign stupidity,
cate. caus.-
separate. Cf. pukuta. intr. pumbazika. be deluded/deceived/
pujuzi adj. see pujufu.
cheated. pumbavu, mpumbavu, upu-
Ipua (— ) 1. nose, piga — . snort; blow the Cf.
puleki*, puluki [Pers.?] (-) 1. tinsel, mbavu.
nose, tundu la — mwanzi wa —
, . nostril.
puku (— ) field mouse/rat. spangle, trinket. 2. pinchbeck, sham,
sema puani or sema na -. talk through the
shoddy. pumbavu adj. dull-witted, stupid, foolish,
nose, nasalize. 2. sense of smell.
pukuchua, pukutua inv. of pukuta. ignorant. Cf. pumbaa, mpumbavu, upu-
3. nozzle, spout. Cf. kip.ua.
pulika rare listen, obey. caus. & int. puli- mbavu.
pukuchulia dehydrate (foods). Cf. pukuta. kiza. ass. pulikana.
pumbo (ma-) see pumbu.

punga punga 449 purukusha
pumbu 448
abate, inv. -caus. punguza. make less, re- punje (ma-) (single) grain (of wheat, maize,
pumbu, pumbo (ma-) 1. anat. scrotum. 2. (us. pumzikio (ma-) see pumziko.
duce, shorten, lower (prices). Cf. pungufu, etc.).
mapumbu) testicle. 3. med. disease of
punguani, kipunguo, kipunguzi, mpungufu,
the scrotum (orchitis, hernia, etc.). Cf. pumziko, pumzikio (ma-) 1. rest, relaxation.
upungufu. punju, punyu (-) ethn. punju (a medicine for
kipumbu. 2. place/time for rest/relaxation/recrea-
snakebite).
tion, holiday resort. 3.: mapumziko. va-
pumu (ma-) 1. anat. lung = pafu, buhnmu). cation. Cf. pumua. "'punga pi. of upunga.
(
punua inv. of puna.
2. med. difficulty in breathing, asthma.
Cf. pumua. pumzisha double caus. of pumua. Ipungu (— ) pungu (species of eagle).
punyeto sing, masturbation. Cf. puna.
pumua (inv. of puma?) 1. breathe. 2. take a puna, pua 1. scrape /strip off. — magnme ya
"pungu, pungo (— ) pungu (a large sea fish).
punyu (-) see punju.
deep breath, catch one's breath (after strenu- mti. strip the bark off a tree. 2. wipe off
ous effort), sasa naweza kupumua. Now I

(sweat from the face, etc.). caus. punisha.
^pungua (— ) pungua (kind of drum). puo (ma-) see puzo.
can catch my breath /take a rest. caus. pu- inv. punua = puna. Cf. mapune, punyeto.
muza. caus.-intr. pumzika (< pumuzika).

^pungua pupa sing, eagerness, zeal, avidity; haste,
1. take a rest. 2. be pensioned off, retire. punda (— ) ass, donkey. — kihongwe. pack inv. of 2p Un g a ,
donkey [in contr. w. — Maskati. riding

hurry, fanya - ya... be eager/in a hurry
caus.-intr.-appl. pumzikia. mahali pa ku-
— to do something. kipupa.
pumzikia. resting place, double caus. donkey). — milia. zebra, pepo . med. punguani (ma-) 1. feebleminded person, Cf.
tetanus, lockjaw. idiot. 2. half-breed. Cf. 2p un g a ,

pumzisha. allow someone to rest, give
pura, pua, purura 1. strike, beat, pound.
someone peace; (fig.) calm/soothe someone.
punde adv. a little; soon, in a little while. pungufu 1. adj. reduced, shortened; wanting, - nguo. wash/pound clothes. 2. knock
Cf. pumu, pumzi, pumziko, kipumziko, ma-
tulikuwa tunamngoja, na— akaja. We defective, imperfect, incomplete; on the down (fruit from a tree with a stick or stone).
pumziko.
— — wane, mwezi mpungufu. 3. strip off (grains of corn, etc.), shell
waited for him, and he soon came. si an incomplete
— kwa — month (of 29 days), pesa hizi — (peas, beans). 4. thresh (grain), pu-
in a moment, directly. . little by ni . It is intr.
pumuza caus. of pumua.
not the right amount of money rurika (rare purika). 5. re/7, jipura. mas-
little, gradually. (i.e., is too
(ma-) turbate. 6. ass. purana. fight; have sex-

little). 2. rare deficiency, defect.
pumuzi (— ) see pumzi.
2p un jr at mpungufu, upungufu. ual intercourse. Cf. mpururo.
Cf.
punga 1. swing, wave; fan. — mikono.
pumuzika caus.-intr. of pumua. swing the arms, give a signal. 2. fig.

punguka inv.-intr. of 2 punga.
pure* DW.J (-) pure (a dish of maize and
drive away (by waving the arms, gesticu-
beans).
pumzi, pumuzi (— ) {also upumuo, upumzi lating).— pepo. exorcise a spirit. 3. fig.:
— upepo/hewa. get a change of air, take a

punguo (ma-) see upungufo.
sing.) 1. breath, breathing, pandisha
purendi* [Engl.'] (ma-) see mapurendi.
(vuta) — . breathe in, inhale, toa (shusha) trip (for recreation). Cf. pungwa.
— punguza inv.-caus. of 2p un g a .
— . breathe out, exhale, hewa ya . oxy-
purukusa see purukusha.
gen. 2. rest, break, fanya kazi kutwa bila 'punga decrease, diminish, let up; shorten
pungwa (— ) ethn. pungwa (a ceremony/dance
— . work the entire day without a break. (a dress, etc.). jua limepunga. the heat of
for exorcising a spirit). Upunga. purukusha (rare purukusa) behave carelessly/
Cf.
Cf. pumua. the sun is decreasing (toward sunset), inv.
frivolously. - tnaneno (sikio). talk (listen)
pungua. decrease, diminish (in quantity),
punja deceive, cheat, swindle, alinipunja heedlessly/inattentively, reft, jipurukusha.
pum zika caus.-intr. of pumua. inv.-intr. punguka. grow less, diminish,
nzima. He cheated me by a whole be frivolous/superficial/inattentive.
ratli Cf. pu-
pound. Cf. kipunjo. rukushani, mpurukushani, upurukushaji.

purukushani pweteka
450 rafardha
451
purukushani (ma-) carelessness, superfici- 1. fig. have a dry throat, sauti imempwea. Ipweza (— ) cuttlefish, squid, prov. mimi si pya adj. new, fresh; modern, up-to-date.
ality, frivolity, negligence, contempt, kwa He has a hoarse voice. 2. naut. run
— kujipalia makaa. I will not get myself in- Cf. upya.
— . carelessly, negligently, fanya — . act aground, be stranded, appl.-pass. pwelewa. to difficulties (i.e., I will not contribute to
carelessly/negligently, dereva ameiendesha amepwelewa. fig. He had no arguments pyagu, pyaguzi, pwagu, pwaguzi
my own discomfiture, like the cuttlefish, (— ) thief.
motokaa kwa—. The driver drove the car left (i.e., had to be satisfied), caus. prov. pyagu na pyaguzi wamekutana.
which, when roasted on the fire, spasmodi-
negligently. Cf. purukusha. pwesha, pweza. allow to dry up (a sore), A clever thief and a still more clever one
cally pulls coals onto its own body). — mku-
double appl.-caus. pweleza. naut. run met each other.
bwa. octopus, kiti cha — . starfish.
purupuru adj. gay, playful. aground, strand (a ship). Cf. pwani, kipwa,
mapwa, makupwa. pyora 1. boast, exaggerate, lie. 2. use

purura see pura. pweza caus. of pwa. obscene language. Cf. pvoro.
pwaga pound, grind, mpunga kinuni. grind
pururika intr. of pura. rice in a mortar. pyoro, pyororo adj. 1. boastful, deceitful.
pwita beat, throb, pulsate.
2. obscene. Cf. pyora, mapyoro, mpyoro.
pusa gradually cease, abate, let up. mvua pwagu (— ) see pyagu.
imepusa. The rain haslet up.

pwaguzi (— ) see pyagu.
^pusa (ma-) augment, of kipusa.

pwaju (— ) ornith. nightjar.
puta, buta beat, whip. — zulia. beat a rug.

pwani (— ) coast (land), littoral. — nabara.
coast and interior, panda—, run aground,
puuza see 2p UZ£u
be stranded. Cf. pwa. rabi* (— ) rel. master, lord (used by Moslems faction, approval, blessing, mpango huu
in reference to God (creator) and by Chris- mimi si — nao. This arrangement does not
puza see puliza.
pwata see pweteka. tians in reference to Christ (savior); meet with my approval, amekosa — ya baba
= Bwana wangu, Mungu wangu). yake. He has been disowned by his father
puza, puuza talk nonsense; be silly/foolish. pwaya hang loose, dangle, be loose, koti (does not have his father's blessing).
— kazi. do one's work in a foolish way. hili linampwaya. This coat/suit is too big rabishi* 1. throw into confusion, disarrange. 3. adj. satisfied, approving, willing.
intr. puzika = puza. caus. puzisha. con- for him. 2. confuse, nonplus, distract (a person), 4. v. (also ridhi, taradhia) forgive, par-
fuse/bewilder someone (with nonsensical appl. rabishia. bungle/make a mess of don; satisfy, kumradhi! Pardon me! Cf.
talk). Cf. puzo, kipuzi, mpuzi, upuzi. pwea appl. of pwa. something, intr. rabishika. be in disorder/ ridhi.
confusion. Cf. rabsha.

puzia appl. of puliza. pweke see peke. radi* (— ) (clap of) thunder, lightning.
rabsha* (— ) 1. disorder, confusion. 2. noise, (- mngurumo, umeme.) — imepiga. It is
puzo, puo (ma-) nonsense; stupid/inept pweleza double appl.-caus. of pwa. tumult. Cf. rabishi. thundering, pigwa na — . be struck by
speech/behavior. Cf. •'puza. lightning.
pwesha caus. of pwa. rada* (— ) retribution, punishment. Cf. rudi.
pwa become dry, dry up. maji yamekupwa. The radio* LEngl. J (— ) see redio.
water has dried up. maji ya kupwa. ebb pweteka: jipweteka or jipweteka pwata. radhi* 1. forgiveness, pardon, niwie —
pwea & double pwelea. rafardha* [?J (— ) naut., av. (ship's) screw,
tide. appl. appl. throw oneself down in a sitting position. Pardon me! taka — . beg pardon. 2. satis-
propeller. (- majembe.)
afiki ra|amu
452 rajua
453 rands
rafiki* (-) friend, comrade. Cf. kirafiki, rahisisha. cheapen, make cheaper, tajii rajua* change one's mind, be undecided;
urafiki. hakurahisisha bei ya bidhaa. ramba* [ind.] ramba (shoemaker's knife).
The shop- postpone, delay.
keeper has not reduced the prices of the
3
*rafu* (— ) drawer, shelf. goods, prov. rahisi inavunja upishi. ramba see lamba.
-rajua* (_) hope, wa na -. to hope, have
'Cheap' spoils cookery. Cf. urahisi.
hopes.
rambaza naut. cruise around (in search of
A-afu* I Engl. ] adj. rough, (sport) not fair.
rahisisha* caus. of rahisi. fish).
timu ya K. ilicheza — sana. The team from raka* (ma-) augment, of kiraka.
K. played very unfairly.
rambirambi* {-) {also mbirambi) words of
*rai*, rairai flatter, play the hypocrite. rakaa* (_) hi. bow (with the hands on the
pass, raiwa.
condolence. _ zako. My sincere condo-
raâi*. rap-hai spp lawhai. intr. raika. Cf. urai.
cr.ccs, ,*un.u£ piuycr). enda -. to make lence.
such a bow.
rago (ma-) camp, piga — . pitch camp. -rai* rare give someone something to eat,
rambitia, lambitia see lamba.
Cf. kirago. feed someone. rakibisha* caus. of Rakibu.
ramia* (_) mil. bullet, round (of ammunition).

raha* (— ) rest, peace, quiet; comfort, con-
rai* (— ) 1. opinion, point of view, stand- rakibu*, rekibu, rekebu mount, ride on (a (- 2 kiasi, risasi.)
tentment; enjoyment, entertainment; happi-
point, msimtume huyu kwenye mkutano horse, etc.). appl. rakibia. intr. rakibika.
ness, ona — . find peace/contentment, kaa maana hana — Don't send him to the as-
. caus. rakibisha, rekibisha. 1. cause ramisi* LPers.'] amuse/enjoy oneself.
to
— mustarehe. be in very good circumstan- sembly, for he has no opinion (of his own). mount/ride; put on top of. 2. put together, Cf. ramsa.
ces. starehe, starehevu, mustarehe.
Cf. kwa — ya... in the opinion of... 2. pro- assemble, finish; organize, simplify. 3. be
posal, suggestion, advice. directed toward..., be headed ramli* (-) ramli (telling fortunes from mark-
for... ndege
i* (-) see ramani. ings on sand),
ilirakibishwa kuelekea Nairobi. The air- piga-. tell fortunes,
4 rai*
(— ) 1. health, vigor. 2. self-assurance. plane is headed for Nairobi. 4. rare mend,
mpiga — fortune-teller. - yake inaona
rahani*, rehani (— ) pledge, loan, mortgage. (haioni).
repair. 5. rare set (a watch or clock). His prophecy came true (did not
weka/tia — . mortgage, pawn, weka nyumba caus. -intr. come true).
raia* (ma-, — ) citizen (of a country), subject, rakibishika. Cf. 2 ra | < i DUi rgkg.
— . mortgage a house, komboa — . redeem bisho, tarakibu, urekebisho; also merikebu.
national Cf. kiraia, uraia.
a pledge, pay off a mortgage. ramsa* Oers. ] (_) a place where people
rairai* see J-rai.

2 are entertaining themselves (at a
rakibu (-) good rider. Cf. Rakibu. fair, etc.).
rahimu* adj. the Merciful = God). Cf. re-
(
Cf. ramisi.
hema, rehemu. rais*, mrajis (— ma-) chairman, president.
,
ramadhani* (-) 1. Ramadhan (the last month
of the Muhammadan year, a month of fasting ^ramu* (-) sorrow, grief.
rahisi* 1. adj. cheap, bidhaa — . cheap raiti* lEngl. J sing. /adj., sport right. between dawn and sunset). 2. pr. n. masc.
goods. 2. easy, simple, kazi — . easy (= kuume.) insaidi wa — inside right
.
2
= one ramu* L?] buildinglot. (= kiwanja.)
work, lugha — an easy language ( (football). ramani*, rahamani (— ) 1. sketch, diagram,
easy to learn), njia — . a simple method.
plan, drawing. 2. map. kitabu cha -. ramuka attack (each other). (= shambulia.)
3. v. be cheap; lessen, reduce f the value rajabu*, rajab (— ) 1. seventh month of the atlas.
of something), debase; scorn, belittle, de- Muhammadan year. 2. pr. n., masc.
randa, randaranda 1. dance (a dance sym-
precate, intr. rahisika. bei zimerahisika.
*ramba* {.Malagasy lamba] (-) ramba (a bolizing courage or strength).
The prices have been reduced, caus. rajamu* (— ) rare mark, stamp (of a business 2. fig.
kind of striped cloth made of finely plaited boast, show
firm), trademark. (= ^chapa.) off, act big.
grass).
454 455
rasi*, ras (— ) 1. cape, promontory. reale*, riale, riali [Ar.-Span.] (-)

^randa*, landa [Pers. J (— ) (carpenter's) liter. rejareja* 1. adj.: biashara ya -. retail
plane, piga — to plane.
2. leader, chief. riyal, piaster, dollar. - ya mzinga. trade,
. commission business. 2. adv. by/
Spanish dollar. - ya Sham. Maria Theresa on commission, biashara yake ni ya -. He
rasilimali* (— ) see rasilmali. dollar.
is in the retail business.
''randa see Manda. Cf. rejea.
rasilmali*, rasilimali, raslimali (— ) 1. econ. redio*. radio [Engl.] (-) radio.

randaranda see Iranda. rejea* 1. return, go back, begin again.
capital, assets, principal. 2. (in gen.)
- nyuma. retreat. 2. refer to (something).
property, wealth. ree*, re [Port.] (ma-) cards ace. - sarufi.
rangi* [ind.J (— ) color, pigment, dye. tia refer to the grammar, intr. re-
jeka. caus. rejesha, rejeza.
(paka) —. color, paint, geuka— . change take/give
rasimu* 1. set a price; make an opening bid refarii* referii, rifarii, rifirii [Engl.] (-)
— back: rnrrer'f cnmo/jê, „~..~ _ i
L-uiuio nyeKUiiuu v'lyeusi/. icu vuiauR.;
(at an auction). 2. rare copy, imitate. sport referee.
— rejesheana, rejezeana. rejesheana fedha.
pigment/dye. enye . colored, enye
3. (— ) design, plan, drawing.
pay back money each other.
rangirangi. varicolored, —a — . colored. to Cf. reja-
refu adj. long, tall; high, deep, mti mrefu. reja, rejeo, mrejaa.
nyeupe ao ya — ? White or colored?
rasisi* plate with tin. appZ. rasisia. intr. a tall tree, kisima kirefu. a deep well.
ubaguzi wa — . racial discrimination.
rasisika. caus. rasisisha. Cf. risasi, kisu kirefu. a long knife, muda mrefu. rejeo* (ma-) (us. marejeo) return, baada
marisaa. a long period of time. Cf. refusha, marefu, ya marejeo yake. after his return.
ranki* [Engl. J (— ) rank. Cf.
urefu.
rejea.
raslimali* (— ) see rasilmali.
rarua tear, rip (to pieces), appl. rarulia. intr.
refusha make long, lengthen, extend. - rejesheana*
This caus.-appl.-ass. of rejea.
raruka. kitambaa hiki hakiraruki.
rasmi* adj. official, legal; formal, fanya mstari. extend a line. Cf. refu.
cloth will not rip. ass. raruana. fig. abuse
karamu — . give an official reception,
rejeza* caus. of rejea.
each other, speak ill of each other. Cf. —
nguo za . uniform. rega see lega.
raruo, mrarua, mraruo.
rejista* [Engl.] (-) registered letter.
rasuli* (— ma-)
, prophet, apostle, messenger. rehani* (-) see rahani.
rarulia appl. of rarua.
rekabisho* (ma-) see rekebisho.
ratibu*, ratibisha put in order, coordinate. rehe* (-) see riahi.
raruo (ma-) 1. tear, rip. 2. fig. rage, fury.
appl. ratibia. intr. ratibika. Cf. taratibu.
rekebisha* caus. of Irakibu.
Cf. rarua. rehema* (_) 1. pity, mercy; sympathy, com-
ratili* (— ) see ratli. passion; generosity, magnanimity. 2. rel. rekebisho*, rekabisho (ma-) 1. repair.
ras* (— ) see rasi.
indulgence. Cf. raliimu, rehemu, mare- 2. organization. Cf. Irakibu.
ratli*, ratili (— ) ratli (a unit of weight, 1 lb., hemu; also huruma ('?),
rasha*, rasharasha 1. smear/daub on, paint, 450 g). rekebu*, rekibu see ^rakibu.
whitewash. 2. do something carelessly/ rehemu* take pity on, show mercy to, feel
superficially, appl. rashia. 1. daub on raufu* adj. gentle, well-bred. uraufu.
Cf. sympathy for. app^. rehemia. intr. re- rekodi* (-) see rikodi.
something. 3. sprinkle, rashia maji.
hemika. caus. rehemisha. please someone
sprinkle with water. Cf. marasharasha, rauka, lauka see Iavva. with something, make someone apresent of
reli* [Engl.] (-) railway, railroad, njia
marashi, mrasharasha, mrashi, urasharasha.
something. Cf. rehema. ya -. railroad line, idara ya -. railroad
rausi* naut. trim sail. company.
rasharasha* 1. = rasha. 2. (ma-) drizzle
(of rain). re* (ma-) see ree.

.
456 riksha
457 robota
relwe* [Engl. J (— ) railway. riba* (rare iriba) (— ) 1. usury. 2. avarice,

rima (ma-) pit trap (for
greed (for money), la — . practice usury. animals). risavu*, rizavu LEngl.l 1. (_) reserve,
remba make beautiful/handsome/attractive, mla — . usurer. supply; (tribal) reservation. 2. (ma-)
rimbua see limbiia.
decorate, ornament, appl. rembea. intr. sport reserve player.
rembeka. caus. rembesha. inv. rembua. ridhaa* (— ) satisfaction; agreement, approval.
rimende* (-) see rumande.
destroy the beauty of something, disfigure, Cf. ridhi. rishai* 1. be wet/damp/moist. 2. exude
ruin, inv.-appl. rembulia. inv.-intr. re- (moisture, perspiration). Cf. warishai.
rinda see marinda.
mbuka. inv.-caus. rembusha. Cf. rembo, ridhi* be satisfied/pleased, appl. ridhia.
kirembo, mrembo, urembo. 1. please someone. 2. accept, intr. ri- risiti* I Engl. J (-) receipt.
rindima 1. roar, rumble, boom (of thunder,
dhika. caus. ridhisha. please, satisfy.
rembo (ma-) ornament, design, pattern. Cf. ass. ridhiana. patano ia kuridhiana. com- "ni- sixiKe, nit. ritaai- i. deviate, swerve (from one's prin-
promise. Cf. rindimo.
remba. Cf. radhi, ridhaa, maridhawa, ciples, etc.), backslide. 2. rel. aposta-
maridhia, taradhia, uradhi. cize. Cf. rudi.
rindimo (ma-) roaring, thundering.
rembua inv. of remba. Cf. ri-
ndima.
rifarii*, rifirii [Engl.] (— ) see refarii. ritani* [Engl J (-) return, profit, income.
rembulia inv.-appl. of remba.

rmga 1. act important, put on airs, swagger.
rifrijireta* [Engl. J (— ) refrigerator. rithi* inherit, fall heir to. - mali nyingi.
2. irritate, provoke. 3. set one's cap for
renga fool, hoax, cheat, pass, rengwa. inherit a great deal ofproperty.
appl.
someone, Cf. maringo.
riha* (— ) odor, fragrance, aroma. rithia. caus. rithisha. 1. leave, be-
rengu (ma-) (us. marengu) naut. outrigger. queath something. 2. divide up the prop-
rinksho* see riksha.
rihani* (— ) hot. basil. erty of a deceased person. Cf. mirathi,
Reno* [Port, reinoj adj. Portuguese. Cf. mrithi, mrithisha, uritlii, warithi.
rihi* (— ) see riahi.

ripea* I Engl J (_) repair.
Kireno, Mreno, Ureno.
riza*, liza (-) door chain.
resheni* [Engl. J (—) ration, portion, helping. rijali* (— ) rare, liter, man. ripota* [Engl.j ( ma -) reporter.
nzavu* (_, ma -) see risavu.

rika (ma-) ethn. contemporary, member of ripoti* lEngl.l 1. (_) report, information.
resipi* [Engl. J (—) prescription.
the same age-group, hawa ni marika. They 2. v. report, inform. riziki* (_) means of subsistence, food,
rewa (— ) rewa (signal drum). are of the same age. nourishment, tangu asubihi hajapata -.
ripuka see lipuka. He has had nothing to eat since morning.
rezolusheni* \_Engl. J resolution, pitisha — rikebu* (— ) see merikebu. Cf. ruzuku.
risaia* (-) 1. message. 2. summary (of a
adopt a resolution.
rikodi*, rekodi [Engl. \ 1. (— ) (phonograph) speech, etc.), epitome, pre'eis. 3. rare robo* (-) 1. fourth, quarter, kasa -. three
letter.
riahi*, rihi, rehe (— ) bloating, flatulence. record; tape(-recorder); (sport) record, quarters, saa mbili kasa -. 7:45 o'clock.
weka — . set/establish a record. 2. v. 2. (also roboo) coll. one shilling.
risasi*, lisasi (-) solder
riale*, riali (— ) see reale. record, make a (tape) recording. 1. (tin, lead).
tia -. to tin-plate. 2. bullet, -. robota*

tia (ma-) bundle, bale. _ | a pamba.
load a rifle. Cf.
2 kiasi,
hunt watch, observe. riksha* [jap.-Engl.J (—) rickshaw. rasisi, marisaa. a bale of cotton.
riaria* rare for;
.
jfani
459 rungu
robu 458
robu* (— ): maziwa ya — curdled milk, curds. ropoka, lopoka talk nonsense,

Wani* (-) jur. appeal, taka (chukua) -. rukhsa* (-) see ruhusa.
. speak without
thinking, appl. ropokea. caus. ropokesha. appeal (a case), batilisha -. dismiss an
appeal, kubali -. allow an appeal. ruko (ma-) 1. jump, hop. 2. transgres-
roda* L Port. J (— ) (sheave of a) pulley, fig.
sion, trespass. 3. omission.

roshani* LPers.] balcony, veranda. fig. Cf. ruka.
rodi*, lodi \_Engl. lord J pompous/ 2 rufani*

(_ ) 1. (-) see rufaa.
rukudhu* 1. lose one's way; enter without
arrogant person; talebearer. 2. monocle. ruba (ma-), mruba (mi-) leech; (fig.) usurer. t
authorization, trespass. 2. fig. insult

rufuku* 1. rare forbid, prohibit; deter.
roga see loga. rubani* (ma-) 1. naut. pilot, helmsman. someone.
(= kataza.) appl. rufukia. caus. rufukisha
2. av. pilot. 3. leader, director. — la 2. (ma-) see marufuku.
k- va
-— -l. -:- i
c - j
c
- riikiin* /.«/. bow with thehar.dcT iL ~ '
rogoa, iogoa inv. of ioga.

(in prayer).
rugaruga (wa-) see mrugaruga.
roho* (— ) 1. soul, spirit, life. — Mtakatifu. rubuni* deceive, cheat, lead astray, appl.
rubunia. rukwama (-) truck, van.

rel. Holy Ghost. 2. breath. 3. throat. ruhsa* (-) see ruhusa.
4. disposition. 5r character, personality,
rudi* come back, — katika safari. rula* LEngl.1 ruler.
individuality, ana — njema. He has good 1. return ruhusa*, ruhsa, rukhsa (-) 1. permission.
character. (also uroho) greed, glut- return from a journey. 2. give/take/send omba —
6. .
ask for permission, toa — . give
back. 3. reply, respond. 4. find fault,
Rum* arch. Turkey, sultani -. the sultan of
tony; avarice, miserliness. Cf. kiroho, permission. 2. vacation, holiday. 3. dis-
reprove, correct. — (kwa) makosa. correct Turkey. Bahari ya -. Mediterranean.
mroho. missal. 4. econ. permit, license. 5, v.
mistakes, appl. rudia. amemrudia mkewe. permit, allow, appl. ruhusia. intr. ruhusi-
He went back to his wife (after a separa- rumada* [Port. ] (-) naut. rudder-pivot.
roja*, loja be astonished/amazed. Cf. kiroja. ka. caus. ruhusisha.
tion), rudia neno. contradict, appl.-ass.
rudiana. 1. return to each other. 2. rep- rumande*, rumenda, rimende [Engl.] (_)
rojorojo 1. adj. thick, gelatinous (of foods). rujumu* kill by stoning, appl. rujumia. intr.
rimand/correct each other, intr. rudika. remand, arrest, imprisonment, weka —
2. (— ) gravy. rujumika. caus. rujumisha.
caus. rudisha. give/send back, return, arrest.
restore, caus. -intr.: hairudishiki. It is

roketi* LEngl.J (—) rocket, kiwanja cha ruka 1. jump, hop. bao la kuruka. diving
irrevocable. Cf. marudi, mardudi, rada, rumbi (— ) rumbi (large water-jug).
kurusha — . launching pad/platform. board, trampoline. - juu. av. take off.
ritadi, urudishaji.
kuruka kwa mbali. broad jump, kuruka na
rumenda* (-) see rumande.
roku* \_Engl. j recent dance the rock-and-roll. mti. pole-vault. 2. pass over/beyond,
rudufu* 1. to double, intr. rudufika. caus.
cross; transgress, trespass. - mpaka. ex-
rudufisha, rudufya. 2. adj. - maradufu 2. rumi* adj. Roman. Cf. kirumi, Mruma.
rondea see londea. ceed a limit, go beyond bounds. 3. fly.
4. swell, wali umeruka. The rice has

rufaa*, rufaani, rufani (— ) freight, cargo. runda 1. be retarded in development, be
rongaronga 1. beseech, implore. 2. carry swelled up. appl. rukia. attack someone
rufai, marufaa. stunted. 2. be crippled, 3. be bad-
with great care (something fragile or dam- Cf.
(in a conversation),
fig.
intr. rukika. caus.
tempered/surly.
aged). rusha. cause to jump/fly, throw up/off;
rufai* L mount. 2. rare go away quickly;
launch (a rocket, etc.). nisha akili. cause
get rid of something quickly (by throwing rundika see lundika.
rongera (— ) rongera (native beer before fer-
someone to lose his head, startle, rusha
mentation). it away). Cf. rufaa.
ndege. fly an airplane, pass, rukwa: rukwa
runga rare collect, gather.
na akili. lose one's head. Cf. ruko, rusho,
ronjo see lonjo.
kirukanjia, kirukia, mrukaji, mruko, urukaji. rungu, Iungu (_) knobbed stick. Cf. kirungu.
. ) .
runpula 460 sababisha 461 sadifu
sababisha*, sabibisha give as the reason

rungula see lungula. rutubika* 1. be moist/damp. 2. be fertile. sabihi* be face to face with someone,
caus. make moist/fertile, kwa for..., regard as the cause of... pass, sa-
rutubisha. nilimsabihi yeye mwenyewe. I have met
rupee (l£ = 13 rupees). bibishwa. be caused by. sababu.
rupia* tlnd.] (— ) kutia mbolea sasa shamba limerutubishwa. Cf. him personally.
This manure has made the field fertile.
sababu* (— ) cause, reason, motive, kwa —
rupu see marupurupu. 3. fig. be refreshed/invigorated. Cf. ru- sabiki* 1. (-) cause, reason, supposition.
because, since, kwa— ya... because of...
tuba. 2. v. go before, lead.
rusha caus. of ruka.
(kwa) - gani? why? ndio -. for that reason,
therefore, bila (pasipo) -. without reason.

ruwaza* (— ) sample, model, pattern. sabili* 1. make way /room for, allow to pass.
toa _. give a reason. Cf. sababisha.
rusho (ma-) (act of) throwing off/away. Cf. ki- 2. remove, clear away. 3. permit, allow,
sababu. aA™;t a x,„ ...•-.
-.r . .
.... -„ ..ui^|,uuwn,civitu someone.
5. loosen, relax, relieve, appl. sabilia.
sabaha* (ma-) successor (in an office).
rushwa* (— ) bribe, toa — . to bribe, la — ruzu* get into difficulties; be impoverished; Cf. intr. sabilika. 6. (-) removal; permis-
usabaha.
accept a bribe. abandon hope. appZ. ruzia. intr. ruzika. sion; relief, relaxation. 7. adj. free,
mobile, unimpeded, relaxed.

sabahi*, sabihi wish someone good morning,
rusu* (— ) layer, tier, row (of piled objects); ruzuku*, tarazaki provide for, support, main-
pay a morning call on someone. asu- sabini*, sabaini
stratum, level. tain; preserve, store up. Cf. riziki. Cf. num. seventy.
buhi.
rutuba* (— ) dampness, moisture; fertility. ruzuna* (— ): us. dawa ya — . a medicine for sabiti* rare = thabiti.
sabaini* see sabini.
ardhi ina — . The soil is fertile. Cf. rutu- whooping cough.
bika. sabmarini* [Engl.l (-) submarine.
sabalheri* (-) see sabalklieri.
sabuni* (-) soap povu la -. suds, lather.

sabalkheri*, sabalheri, subalkheri salutation:
Good morning. Cf. masalkheri. saburi*, subiri 1. be patient/calm/resigned.
2. wait {more polite than ngoja). nisaburi.
Saba-Saba 7 July, the Anniversary of TANU wait for me. appl. saburia. caus. sabu-
*saa* (— ) 1. hour, (period of) time. - ngapi? Isaada* (— see seyyida.
(- Tanzania National Union). risha. calm, pacify. 3. {also subira) (-)
What time is it? {lit.: what kind of an hour?)
patience, forbearance, resignation, prov.
nusu -. half an hour. 2. watch, clock. - ya 2 saada * (_) see msaa d a .
sabasi* (-) enmity, hostility, ill-will, dissen- — yavutaheri. Patience brings blessing.
mkono. wristwatch. — yamfuko. pocket
sion. coll. kutokuwa na — ni kubaya. To be im-
watch. - ya ukuta. wall-clock.
saanda* (-) see sanda.
patient is bad.
sabatashara* arch. num. seventeen. (= kumi
2saa* remain, be left (over), stay, linger. saari* (— ) 1. rare price, value. (= bei,
fig. na saba.) —a — . seventeenth. sadaka* (-) 1. alms, charity. 2. rel. of-
oppZ. salia - saa. caus. saza. 1, leave thamani, 1 kiasi, Ikima.) 2. econ. face
fering, sacrifice. Cf. sadaki, sadiki.
(over/behind). 2. leave out, omit; leave un- value (of money, etc.). sabibisha* see sababisha.
done/unfinished/unsaid, Cf. masaa, msazo. sadaki* 1. give alms. 2. make a sacrifice.
saba* 1. num. seven, —a — . seventh. 2. sahidi* arrange, settle (a debt). sadaka,
Cf.
(-) coll. week. - mbili. two weeks.
''saa inter], of impatience or amazement.
See also Saba-Saba. ^sabihi* = sabahi.
sema -. Well, say something, will you? sadifu* 1. be true /right/proper/exact. 2. adj.
true, right, proper, correct, exact.
.
sadiki 462 463
sagu* (_) see lsago. sahihi*

sadiki* believe, trust, appl. sadikia. intr. safii* see safihi. 1. {us. caus. sahihisha) correct,
sadikika. be credible/trustworthy, caus. read proof; attest, authenticate, prove;
sadikisha. win confidence; justify, con- sagua laugh at, deride. Cf. saguo. sign, appl., rare, sahihia, as. sahihishia.
safika* intr. of safi.
firm; convince; (w. int. force) believe intr. sahihika. 2. (— ) correction, revi-
saguo (ma-) (act of) laughing at someone, de- sion; proof; attestation, security, guaran-
firmly, trust implicitly. Cf. sadikifu, msa- safina* sing. (orig. boat, ship; now only:)
rision, mockery. Cf. sagua. tee. signature. —
dikifu, suduku; also sadaka, sadaki. rel. Noah's ark. 3. yako. your signa-
ture, tia — . sign fa document) {see also
sadikifu* adj. 1. trusting, credulous. safiri* travel, set out on a journey/expedi- sahala* adj. light, easy. Cf. sahalia, tasi- saini). 4. adj. & adv. {also sahihifu)
hili. right, correct, true,
2. credible, trustworthy; dependable, re- tion. appZ. safiria. intr. safirika. caus. genuine, valid. Cf.
UaMe, hnnpst-. Cf = »diki ;
safirisha. 1. make preparations for a sahihisho. usahihi.
sahalia* be light/easy. caus. sahalisha.
journey. 2. send off/out, transport.
lighten, facilitate. Cf. sahala. sahihisho* (ma-)
sadoka, sotoka (— ) dial, cattle plague, 3. econ. export. Cf. safari, msafara, correction, revision; at-
rinderpest. msafiri, msafirishaji, usafiri, usafirishaji. testation, authentication, confirmation.

sahalisha* caus. of sahalia. Cf. sahihi.
safari* (— ) 1. journey, trip, expedition; de- safisha* caus. of safi.
parture. 2. see msafara. 3. time, moment.

sahani* (-) 1. dish, plate. - za kaule. saidi*, sayidi (ma-) 1. hist, lord, master,
(— ma-), msafa (imported) earthenware, china. ruler. masc.

— hii sitasema naye. This time I shall not safu* , (mi-) row, line, series. 2. fig.: 2. pr. n. Cf. seyyedia,
talk with him. — nyingine. at another time. — ya milima. range of mountains, weka — ya santuri. (phonograph) record. 3. cav- seyyid, seyyida.
Cf. safiri. (panga) — . put/set in a row. jipanga — ity, depression. Cf. kisahani.
mil. form ranks. saidia* help, assist, aid, support; favor, pro-
sahau* 1. forget, not remember; fail to do mote; protect, defend; approve, sanction.
safi* 1. {also swafi) adj. clean, pure, clear,
safura* (— ) med. 1. jaundice. 2. anemia. something; be careless/inattentive, appl. intr. saidika. caus. saidiza. pass.
bright; transparent; true, honest, candid, un-
—a — sahaulia. sahaulika. saidiwa. msaada, msaidizi.

selfish; real, genuine, hewa — . fresh air. 3.: . adj. pale, pallid. intr. caus. sa- Cf.
— speak good/pure Swa- haulisha. 2. n. failure to remember some-

sema Kisvvahili .
hili. 2. (us. caus. safisha) v. clean, saga 1. grind, pulverize. — meno. grind/ thing, lapse of memory. Cf. sahaulifu, saikoloji*, saikolojia, sikolojia [Engl. ] (-)
gnash the teeth. 2. fig. oppress, appl. msahau, usahaulifu. psychology.

purify; clarify, put in order; correct; defe-
cate, safisha picha (filmu). develop a sagia. kinu cha kusagia kahawa. coffee
mill. 3. {& ass. sagana) commit an act sahaulifu* adj. forgetful, absentminded, in- saili* ask, inquire; investigate, examine.
film. appZ. safia. intr. safika. Cf. rasa-
of female homosexuality/lesbianism. attentive. Cf. sahau. appl. sailia. caus. sailisha. ass. saili-
fishaji, usafi, usafishaji.
Cf. âago (?), *kisaga, msaga, msaga- ana. Cf. swali, masahala.
liwa, Amsago. sahib* (-, ma-) see sahibu.

safidi*, tasifida [fers.J clean, put in order,
saini* I Engl. J (-) signature, sign, mark,
arrange, appl. safidia. intr. safidika.
caus. safidisha. safi, usafidi.

sagai* (— ) (short) spear, assegai. sahibu*, sahib, suhuba (-, ma-) 1. friend. tia/weka — . to sign. See also sahihi.
Cf.
2. master, sir. Cf. suhubiana, masahaba,
sagama rare ~ sakama. mamsahib.
safihi*, safii 1. offend, insult, abuse; treat sairi* 1. paddle, loll about fin the water).
with scorn/contempt/derision. 2. be rude/ 2. fig., nauU hug the shore.
sahifa*, sahifu (-) rare page (of a book).
insolent/impudent. 3. (— ) boor, lout, im- sago*, sagu Llnd. J (— ) sago.
{- ukurasa.) Cf. msahafu.
pudent person. 4. adj. rude, offensive, sairi* pound a residue on the side of a mortar.
^sago, msago adv. without interruption,
insolent. Cf. msafihi, usafihi.
continuously. Cf. saga (?).
)
464
sala 465
saisi* (ma-) groom, coachman. sakifu* pack mud, make a (hard-packed) mud
come. 3. adv. (also salama salimini).
or concrete floor, appZ. sakifia. intr. 3. save, rescue, appl. salimia. 1. greet
(quite) safely, in perfectly
good order. Cf. someone, give someone regards,
saiti* L Engl. J (—) auto, turn-signal, de- sakifika. caus. sakifisha. pass, saki- ukimwona
salamu, salimu, usalama.
— fulani nisalimie. you meet X, give him
reva hakutoa . The driver did not give a fiwa. Cf. sakafu. If
turn-signal. my regards. 2. entrust something to some-

salamu*, salaam 1. (_) greeting, salutation;
sakimu* rare be ill/ailing. = ugua. one, intr. salimika. caus. salimisha.
(
bow. toa (pa) -. greet, salute, mizinga refl.-caus. jisalimisha. surrender (one-
saizi* LEngl. J (— ) size.
ya -. salute (by firing guns), pokea -. self), give oneself up. salama, salamu.
Cf.
^sakini* settle down, stay in a place. Cf. accept a greeting, peana _. greet each
sajin* {.Engl.} (ma-) mil. sergeant. makani. other. adj. safe and sound, prosperous,
2.
salio (ma-) see masaa.
f| n .,.,vl;..
---— *""•" 5- rr
•-/. summa, saiimu,
i
taslimu,
saka chase, hunt (wild animals by driving);
^sakini (— ) see sekini. usalama.
catch (in a trap), caus. sakiza. Cf. saliti* put together, mix. ukisaliti jinsi
msakaji, msako, usasi; also sakama. mbili za mchanga huu utapata mchanga
sakiti* 1. reduce, diminish. 2. fig. soothe, salasila* (-) see silasila.
mzuri. If you mix these two kinds of sand
appease.
sakafu* (— ) 1. floor (of hard-packed mud or together, you will get good sand.
salata* (_) harshness, want of consideration,
concrete). 2. roof (of a flat-roofed clay or
sakitu* (— ) (white) frost, hoarfrost. ruthlessness; sharpness, sarcasm.
stone building). Cf. sakifu. 2 saliti*
jalidi. 2 saliti, msalata, lasliti. 1. be sharp/sarcastic. 2. irritate,
Cf. Cf.
stir up, disturb, annoy, confuse. 3. be-
sakama (rare sagama) stick, be caught ('e.g., tray, falsify, deceive, cheat. 4. set at
sakubimbi, chakubimbi (— ) troublemaker, sali* Isl. pray. appl. salia. caus. salisha.
of an animal in a trap), mwibawa samaki = mfitini, variance, alienate, mgeni ndiye aliyetu-
gossip, talebearer, sneak. ( ass. saliana. Cf. sala.
umemsakama kooni. The fishbone stuck in saliti. It was a stranger who alienated us.
mdakuzi.)
his throat, fig. maneno yao yametusakama appl. salitia. Cf. salata.
^salia* appl. of sali.
moyoni. Their words made a lasting im-
sala* (— ) rel. prayer. — ya Bwana. the
pression on us (lit.: stuck in our hearts). saluti* lEngl.l (-) salute, greeting.
Lord's Prayer. — ya kupunga pepo
caus. sakamisha. fasten, secure. Cf.
^salia* appl. of 2 saa .
pokea -. accept a greeting, be made
wabaya. exorcism. Cf. sali, msala.
saka, msakamo. welcome.
salihi* adj. good, in good condition, sound;
salaam* (— ) see salama, salamu.
sakarika) be exhausted/ honest, upright, of good character; useful, sama* stop up, choke; stick
sakara* (us. intr. 1.
in the throat.
proper, suitable. msalihina.
debilitated (by hunger, thirst, heat). 2. over- Cf.
saladi* L Engl. J (—) salad.
eat (with resulting sluggishness). samadari* [/rarf.] (-) bedstead (iron or
salihina* (-) see msalihina. wood)
Isalala*, sarara (— ) chine, sirloin, fillet.
sakata 1. strike, hit, beat. (= piga.) 2. de-
vour, eat up, finish off. salili (-) (various species of) duck. (= bata.) samadi* (-) fertilizer (natural manure mixed
^salala* interj. of surprise. with ashes). Cf. simadi.
press, squeeze, be tight, njaa ina- salimini* adv. see salama.
saki* 1.
salama*, salaam 1. (— ) peace, tranquillity,
saki. I am dying of hunger. 2. fig. have samaha* (ma-) see msamaha.
security; health, well-being. 2. adj. salimu* 1. greet, salute; congratulate; bow.
a profound influence, affect deeply, move.
peaceful, calm, safe, unharmed; favorable, 2. hand over, deliver; entrust; capitulate.
appl. sakia. intr. sakika. caus. sakisha. samaki* (-) fish (in gen.) - mbichi (mkavu).
satisfactory, mwisho — . a favorable out- fig. — roho. give up the ghost, die. fresh (dried) fish,
pass, sakiwa. Cf. kisaki. vua -. to fish, tunga-.
.
466 sanda sandal i

467
string fish on a stick (for drying), sandali* (-) sandalwood,

prov. samli* {rare samuli) (— ) clarified butter, mafuta ya -. sapa (us. red. sapasapa) 1. tout, spiel
— mmoja akioza, wote wameoza^ One bad ghee (used only for cooking). sandalwood oil. Cf. msandali. (to attract customers).
2. take everything
fish infects all the rest.
one has, make a clean sweep.
sampuli* [Engl.] (—) sample, model, ex- sandarusi* (-) gum copa l. C f. msandarusi.
samani* \_Ind. J (— ) instrument, implement, ample.
sanduku* (-, ma -) box, chest, trunk.
Sapatu* L Port J (_) (house-)slipper.
tool, utensil; piece of (movable) property, _ la
article of furniture. — za mwashi. stone- samu* (— ) see saumu. kupiga kura. ballot box. _ a posta.
I mail-
box; letters to the editor sapatu (-, ma-) sapatu (plaited cording to
mason's tools. (in a newspaper).
Cf. kijisanduku. support a bed).
samuli* (— ) rare see samli.
>J V— ) vcoiiee-;urn
sangaa see sarabi* (-) mirage, fata morgana.
(with brazier). *sana* adv. very, very much, to a high de- shangaa.
gree, to a great extent, tazamia — . ex-

sangara (-) sarafa* (ma-) see sharafa.
samawati*, samawi (— ) 1. sky. 2.: rangi sangara (red ant).
amine carefully, lia — . weep copiously.
ya — . sky-blue, azure. la —. eat heavily, asante — . many thanks,
sangaza sarafu*, sarufu, sarifu, sarifa
caus. of shangaa. (-) 1. coin,
sema — . speak loudly/emphatically.
(small) change. 2. (rate of)
samawi* (— ) see samawati. exchange.
sanifu* work skilfully, invent, compose, Cf. Isarifu, masurufu.
write.
sana* hammer, forge (something). Cf.
sambaa be spread/scattered. appl. sambalia. Cf. usanifu.
-msana, usani. saraka* [PersJ (-) drawer (of a chest of
intr. sambalika. caus. sambalisha.
sanii* drawers or a table/desk).
see sanaa 2.
sanaa* 1. (— ) (work of) skilled craftsman-
sambamba adv. side by side, shoulder to
ship, art. 2. v. {also sanii) make, con- sarakasi*
sanjari*, shanjari, chanjari [Engl.'] (-) circus.
shoulder; parallel; simultaneously, [Pers.l 1. ac-
struct, fabricate, appl. sanalia. Cf.
mistari iliyo — . parallel lines. company, escort; follow in succession,
msanaa. sarara*
move in a line or column (ships,
(_) see sa l a la.
etc.).
sambaratika disintegrate. 2. adv. in single file, in line/column for-

sanamaki* (— ) senna (used as a purgative).
mation. sare (-) the incision made in the ritual of
sambusa* [Pers.j sambusa (a pastry made of blood brotherhood.

sanamu* (— ) 1. image, idol, ibada ya —
meat, onions, and pepper). sansuri* (-) 1. sansuri (kind of fish, barra-
idolatry. 2. statue, chora — . make a
cuda). (= mzira.) 2. a large knife with a sare
statue, mchonga — . sculptor. 3. picture,
(-) sport draw, tie.
samehe* 1. forgive, pardon, remit, pass over blunt edge.

painting, photograph; figure, diagram.
o
(mistakes, offenses, etc.). — makosa. pass sare adv.
Cf. kisanamu. at the same time, simultaneously.
over/overlook mistakes (failings). 2. give santuri*, senturi (-) 1. santuri (a musical in- = 2 su lul Ul
( )
up, stop trying, nimeitafuta sikuiona, kwa strument resembling a zither). 2.

sanati*, sene (— ) arch., liter, year (in dating fig.
hiyo nimeisamehe. I have hunted for it, but phonograph, barrel organ (or other devices).
letters). sare (-) 1. (= jinala-) the name given to
did not find it; so I have given up. 3. rare
a child immediately after birth.
sao (ma-) see 2. nick-
save, rescue. Cf. msamaha, msamehaji. masalio.
sanda*, saanda, shanda (— ) burial cloth, name.
shroud.
samesame* (— ) 1. samesame (red glass bead).
2. samesame (a kind of red ant).

.. )
468 sawajika sawanyisha 469 sekunde
sari* \_Ind. J sari (woman's garment). J-saumu*, tumu l.(— ) Isl. fasting. 2. to sawanyisha* see sawazisha.
sefule!* inter], see \du.
fast.
sarifa* (— ) see sarafu. sawasawa* see sawa 3.

sega (ma-) (us. pi.) honeycomb.
^saumu, samu, thumu, tumu (— ): kitunguu —
Isarifu*, serifu 1. exchange money. 2. ar- garlic.
sawazisha* (rare sawanyisha) make even,
range, put in order; have a good command of equal, similar; compare. sega lift, turn up (skirt, trousers, to
Cf. sawa, ki- keep
a language. — maneno (mwandiko) kwa — sawazisha. them clean). - nguo. tuck up a dress.
sauti* (— ) 1. voice, sound, noise. moja.
— a ?pl. segea.
uzuri. speak (write) correctly /well. Cf. unanimity; (mus.) unison. ya kiume. intr. segeka.
sarafu. deep (male) voice. — ya kitoto. high

sawia* adv. then, at that time; at that
very
rr.orr.er.t. seeele. shprolo (_\ *,<-„:
-"-"& *l__j-
âuo
r.syc andiiku— . Ke arrived " "- > ' "i worn
— too at that very time. around the loins by children.
-sarifu* (— ) see sarafu. a loud voice, paza . raise the voice. 2. Cf. sawa. Cf. kondavi.
fig., pari. vote, tutawapa — wanachama

We sawidi* make black; segua see sekua.
sarufi* (— ) grammar, kitabu cha — . a gram- wa chama chetu. will give our vote to (fig.) calumniate,
the members of our party, — ya slander, besmirch.
fig.
mar (book).
sehelea see Iselea.
Tanganyika. The Voice of Tanganyika
(the radio company). sawiri* form, shape; draw a picture.
sarufu* (— ) see sarafu.
sehemu* (-) 1. par t, share. - ya mwe-
sayansi* [EnglJ nzangu. my friend's share.
sawa* 1. (— ) 1. likeness, similarity. 2. (— (_) science. 2. fraction,
*saruji*, seruji (— ) 1. cement, concrete.
geogr. plain. 3. adj. alike, the same, instalment. - ya kumi. a tenth. - za
tia — . to cement (a floor). 2. rubble.
sayari* kumi. tenths, decimals. _
similar, equal; right, exact; fair, just, im- (-) astr. planet. za m ia. hun-
dredths, percentages. 3. section, para-
partial. 4. adj. level, flat, straight.
^saruji*, seruji (— ) saddle. graph.
nchi — . flat country. 5. adv. (also sawa- sayidi* (ma-) see saidi. 4. mil. unit, detachment. 5.: _
same, ex- ya mtambo. part/element of a
sawa) equally, fairly, (just) the machine.
sasa* 1. adv. now, at present, nowadays. actly, fanya — . make even, equalize; act saza* caus. of 2 saa , 6. region, district. - inayojitawala we-
— hivi. at once, immediately; now. —a — fairly, gawia — . divide into equal parts.
nyewe. autonomous region. Cf. kijise-
—a kisasa. modern, up-to-date, fashion- sazo (ma-) hemu.
or saa hii inakwenda — . This watch is run- see masaa.
able. 2. inter], pf surprise Well, what do ning right, mtoto huyu nababa yake ni —
you know? kisasa. sebeha* rare sekeneka be infected (by syphilis),
Cf. This child resembles his father, coll.: to breakfast. waste
a way. Cf. sekeneko.
— kama sahani na kawa. getting on to-
sataranji* (— ) 1. chess. 2. a kind of sleep- gether like a dish and its cover. Cf. sa- sebule* (-) reception room, antechamber,
sekeneko (-) rare, med. syphilis.
ing-mat. wia, sawazisha, kisawazisha, usawa, hall, porch.
(= kaswende.) Cf. sekeneka.
usawanisho.
satini* (— ) satini (kind of cloth). sebusebu* refuse, reject (unwillingly,
regret- sekini, sakini (-) eth. sekini (shaving the
sawadi* (— ) see zawadi. fully); relinquish, forgo.
head so that only a tuft or strip is left in
satua* [?](—) rare possibility, chance.
the middle).
sawajika*, saujika 1. be exhausted/debili- sedeka*. seteka belong/protracted (of an
saujika* see sawajika. tated/emaciated (from illness, hunger). illness).
sekua, segua push, shove (along, aside).
2. be disfigured/crippled.
sefu* [EnglJ (_) 1. safe. 2. refrigerator. sekunde* (-) see sekundi.
skundi 470 sengenya
471 setle
sekundi*, sekunde [Engl.] second (of time). moja sikupi sembuse shilingi. I will not senta* [Engl.] (_) sport center (football);
give you a single cent, let alone (much serikali* [Pers.l (_) 1.
also geom. - ya pembetatu. government,
center of
selaha* see less, to say nothing of) a shilling. (public) authority. - ya mseto.
(— ) silaha. triangle, coalition
enye - moja. concentric, duara government. _ ya kibeberu, - ya
zenye - moja. nguvu.
concentric circles.
dictatorship, prov. -
Selani* [Engl.] Ceylon. semezano (ma-) rare conversation. Cf. sema. ina mkono mrefu.
The government has a long arm.
senti* [Engl.] (_) 2. ad-
cent . 1 eo sina -. Tode
semifainali* [Engl.J (— ) sport semifinal. ministration, amri ya -. a directive of
Iselea, sehelea (& appZ. selelea) 1. stay, I don't have a cent.
the administrative officials,
continue to live in (a place that one visits jimbo Ienye
semsem*, simsim (— ) sesame. (
= ufuta 1.) - yake. autonomous territory /region.
and finds attractive), join (a new group). senturi* (_) see santuri<
Cf.
kiserikali.
2. be attracted/attached to something.
sena (— ) 1. sena (kind of sugarcane).
seperuka see sepetuka.
2. sena (kind of sweet potato). 3. sena sermala* ( ma -) see seremala.
selea (— ) s ee seleha
leha
(kind of rice).
sepeto* [Engl.] (_) spade, shovel.
seruji* ( ma -) see l sa ruji, 2 saruji .
seleha, selea (— ) seleha (a red glass bead).
sene* (— ) see sanati.
sepetuka, seperuka reel, stagger; stumble,
sesere (-) see mwanasesere.
trip, slip.
selehi* see suluhi.
senea be dull/blunt (of a knife, etc.). caus.
seneza, seza. make dull; smooth (with an sesereka, seseteka, sesetuka
reel, stagger.
selo* [Engl. Sail ho U (— ) signal (of arrival
Septemba* [Engl J September.
adze). Cf. senezo.
or departure of a ship/train). — ya kuingia
seseteka see sesereka.
haijapanda. The signal of arrival has not isera* (_) fort, fortification.
seneta* [Engl.] (ma-) senator.
yet been given. sesetuka see sesereka.
2 sera
seneza caus. of senea. (-) beeswax.
sema 1. speak, talk, say. — na... speak seta crush, squeeze, mash.
1. 2. shove,
with... 2. rare converse; tell, narrate. serahangi*. serangi, serehangi crowd, jostle,
senezo, sezo rare adze. Cf. senea. I Pers.l ma -) appl. setea. intr. seteka.
(
appl. semea. intr. semeka {or intr.-ass. naut. 1. boatswain, mate. caus. setesha.
2. foreman Cf. mseto.
semekana). be pronounceable; be said/re- unmarried. homo- (of dock workers).
senge* coll., adj. 1. 2.
ported to; be usual/customary, fig. hasara sexual. seteka* see sedeka.

iliyopatikana haisemeki. The loss incurred serangi* (ma-) see serahangi.
is tremendous (lit.: unspeakable), inase-
seng'enge (— ) (iron) wire. — yenye miiba. iseti* [Port.] (-) cards seven.
mekana ya kuwa haji tena. It is said seredani* [Pers.l (-) (charcoal) brazier.
barbed wire.
(= it is probable) that he will no longer
2 seti*
(-) coll. a wealthy Indian.
come. cans, semesha, semeza. ass. sengenya 1. slander, calumniate, speak ill serehangi* (ma-) see serahangi.
semana. scold/abuse each other, speak ill
of someone. 2. abuse, insult, deride.
3 seti*
of each other. Cf. semezano, msemaji, seremala*. sermala I Engl.] (_) set (of something).
ass. sengenyana. Cf, masengenyo, (ma-) carpenter, cabinet-
msemo, usemaji, usemi. msengenyaji, msengenyano, msengenyi, maker, joiner. Cf. useremala.
setiri* see stiri.
msengenyo.
sembuse conj. & adv. apart from, not to men- serifu* see Isarifu.
sella* [Engl.] (ma-) settler.
tion, to say nothing of, let alone. Senti
shahamu 473 shambiro
seyyedia 472 shahada
3. covenant, testament.
seyyedia* adj. lordly, grand. Cf. saidi. tion, excess, kila neno kwake ni — . He 4. testimony, shakevale (-) shakevale (species of hawk).
evidence. 5. certificate, diploma, docu-
makes much of every trifle. 3. trap, Cf. hajivale.
ment. Cf. shahidi, shuhuda, shuhudu,
Seyyid* title of the Sultan of Zanzibar. Cf. snare; trick. Cf. ushabaki.
ushahidi.
saidi. shakiri* be satisfied/sated.
Cf. shukuru.
shabani*, shaabani 1. eighth month of the
shahamu* (-) (animal) fat, grease, lard,
seyyida*, saada hist., liter, (in direct address) Muhammadan year (preceding Ramadhan). shakwe (ma-) ornith. gull, tern.
tallow.
lady, mistress. Cf. saidi. 2. pr. n. masc.
shalaka* (-) 1. loop, noose. 2. hole in th £

shahara* (_) rare see
seza = seneza) caus. of senea. shabihi* 1. (— ) (external) appearance, be- mshahara. gunwale of a boat holding a loop
(
of rope
havior. 2. adv. ~ ^shabaha 2. 3. (also serving as an oarlock. See also kishwara.
shahawa* (-) phy semen sperm.
ass. shabihiana) be like/similar, re- . , (= manii.) Cf. shaliki.
*sezo (ma-) see senezo.
semble, mtoto huyu amemshabihi {or ana-
shahidi* (ma-) 1. witness, guarantor.
shabihiana na) mama yake sana. This 2. (- shali* (_) shawl.
^sezo (ma-) see ltezo. wa dini) martyr.
child greatly resembles his mother. Cf. Cf. shahada, ushahidi.
l.shabaha. shaliki* tie/fasten loosely, tie in a bow.

shaabani* (— ) see shabani. shaibu* (_) old man/woman. Cf. shalaka.
shabu* (— ) alum.
shaba* (— ): — nyekundu. copper. — nyeupe. shairi* (ma-) 1. poem, line of poetry, verse, Sham* Syria, bahari ya -. the Red Sea.
brass, prov. wengine — huidhani dhahabu. rhyme. 2.: mashairi. poetry, versification.
shabuka* (— ) see 2 s habaki. reali ya -. Maria Theresa dollar.
Many people mistake brass for gold. tunga mashairi. write poetry. Cf. mshairi,
bunch, cluster. — ushairi.
shada* (— ma-), 1. la shamari* (-) hot. fennel.
shababi* (— ) youth, young man. Cf. ushababi.
maua. a bunch of flowers, bouquet. — la
shaitani* (_) see

nywele. a tuft of hair (tied up at the back s hetani. shamasi*, shemasi (ma-) 1. rel. deacon.
shababu* (— ) storm.
of the head). 2. string (of beads, etc.), 2. an older person (not necessarily
a
shajara* [?]
necklace. — la ushanga. a pearl necklace. (_) (pocket) diary, notebook. clergyman) who gives advice on
religious
*shabaha* 1. (— ) similarity, resemblance.
3. tassel, fringe. 4. kite (a child's toy). matters. Cf. ushamasi.
2. adv. like, same as. mtunda — embe. shaka* (ma-) 1. doubt, uncertainty, wa na -.
a fruit like /resembling the mango. Cf.
see
be in doubt, be perplexed, shamba*
shafaka* (— ) shufaka. bila -. doubt- [prob. < Fr. champ] (ma-)
shabihi, mshabaha. less. 2. difficulty, concern, uneasiness.
1. (cultivated) field, plantation,
garden,
shaghala*, baghala L?J adv. at random, amekutana na mashaka. He had a farm. - l a Mungu. cemetery.
series of 2. country
^shabaha* (— ) mark, target, pata — . hit the
haphazardly, indiscriminately, any old problems to solve. Cf. shakawa, shake, (as opp. to town). „akaa - ( or mashamba).
mark, twaa (piga, shika) — . aim, take aim, way. shuku, mashaka, mushkeli.
I live in the country,
vvatu wa -. country
sight, ana — sana. He is a good shot. folk, -a mashamba. rustic, countrified,
shaha*, sheha, shehe (ma-) 1. chief, leader. shakawa* (_) difficulty, problem, anxiety. rough (= _a kishamba, -a kimashamba).
Ishabaki* (— ) fishing-net, weir-basket. 2. minstrel, storyteller, composer of bal- Cf. shaka.
lads. 3. king (chess). Cf. sheikh, usheha. shambiro* adv. for common use, without
shake* (ma-)
^shabaki*, shabuka (-) 1. a quarrelsome/de-
grief, misery, ingiwa na - la regulation or restriction.
shahada* (-) 1. obligation, liability. 2. Isl. kulia. weep and sob. Cf. shaka.
ceitful person. 2. (us. shabuka) exaggera-
shahada (the Moslem confession of faith).
) .
shambulia 474 sharabu

sharaf 475 shauri
sharaf* sing, honor, status.

shambulia attack (suddenly), invade; bombard. mshangalia. they received/greeted him sharubu*. shuarub, shuarubu (ma-) moustache.
ass. shambuliana. attack each other, pass. joyfully, pass, shangiliwa. be given a
sharafa*. sarafa (ma-): - la ndevu or ndevu za
shambuliwa. Cf. shambulio, ushambulizi, festive reception. Cf, shangilio. shashi*, chachi (_) 1. thin, white muslin;
kutoshambulia.
— a long, flowing beard.
gauze.
.
2.: karatasi ya — . tissue paper.
shangilio (ma-) rare rejoicing, festive re-
shambulio (ma-) (sudden) attack, raid, inva- ception, ovation; congratulations. Cf. shari* 1. (_) malice, hatred, spite; harm, shashimamishi* adj. proud, arrogant, con-
sion. Cf. shambulia. shangilia. mischief, bad luck, disaster, taka -. defy, temptuous, conceited.
challenge. 2. (-) misery, distress, illness,
shamili* (ma-) earring, pendant. shangwe (— ) 1. rejoicing, ovation, wali- poverty. 3. adj. evil, malicious; miserable; shasira* (ma-) see shazia.
mpokea kwa — . They greeted him joyfully. bad, depraved (of character). Cf mshari.
shamiri* 1. load a gun. 2. fit together (in 2. festivity; hubbub, commotion, arusi hii shata* (ma-) (us. pi.) shata (the solids re-
carpentry, cabinetmaking). haina — . This wedding was quiet (without 2 sbari*

(_) watch spring. (= kamani.)
maining after coconut meat has been boiled
commotion). to produce oil).
shamrashamra hustle and bustle. sharia* (-) see sheria.

shani* (— ) 1. (rare, unexpected) occurrence, shati* [Engl. ] (ma-) shirt, blouse.
shamua, chemua sneeze, snort, appl. shamu- event. 2, marvel, novelty, curiosity, ad-
sharifu*, sherifu 1. treat respectfully, respect,
lia. caus. shamulisha. venture. 3. mishap, accident, catastrophe. shatomma* [Pers.] (_) a broad sash or shawl
regard. 2. (ma-) a respected person. 3. adj..
4. important/notable event, karamu hii worn around the waist.
respectable, honorable, highly regarded/
shanda* (— ) see sanda. imetia — kuliko ileya jana. This party was
esteemed, excellent. Cf. kisharifu, msharafu,
a more notable event than the one of yester- shau* see shaua, shaufu.
usharifu.
shanga day.
pi. of ushanga.
shaua*, shau 1. be pleasing, arouse (unsatis-
sharika* (ma-) see shirika.
shangaa, sangaa 1. stare. 2. be astonished/ shanjari* see sanjari. fied) desire. 2, deceive, delude, disappoint.
amazed/dumbfounded/perplexed/stupefied/ appl. shaulia. intr. shauka. caus. shausha.

shariki* see shiriki.
shocked. 3. be thrilled/enraptured/filled shanta* (— ) knapsack. Cf. shaufu, kishaufu, mshaufu, ushaufu.
with enthusiasm. 4. admire, caus. sha- shariti* twist, distort; evade,

lie; make excuses,
ngaza, sangaza. astonish/confuse someone. shanuo (— ) see chanuo. shaufu*, shau adj. delusive, pretentious,
talk oneself out of something.
mshangao. showy; frivolous, of easy morals. Cf. shaua,

Cf.
shapa (ma-) raft, ferry. — la nyuki. honey- mshaufu, ushaufu.
shard*, shurti, shuruti, sherti (ma-) 1. necessity,
shangama (— shangama (short-sleeved shirt). comb.
)
obligation. - uje (kuja). You must come. 2.
shauku* (— ) desire, longing, passion; eager-
(us. masharti) stipulations, terms, conditions;
shangaza caus. of shangaa. shapo (ma-) see mashapo. ness, impatience, ana - nao. He longs for
binding agreement, contract, kwa — by agree-
.
them. — ya michezo. a passion for sports.

ment, as stipulated, fanya — make an agree-
.
shangazi (ma-) 1. paternal aunt, sister of sharabeti*, sherbeti, shebeti, sharubati (— Cf. ashiki.
ment, conclude a contract, pol. masharti ya
sherbet, syrup; soft drink, soda water.
one's father. 2. aunt.fin gen). chama. statutes of a party /organization. 3.
Cf. sharabu. shauri* (— ) 1. advice, suggestion, uliza —
bet, wager, stake. Cf. shuruti.
ask for advice, toa -. give (a piece of)
shangilia, shangalia receive (with joy, enthusi-
sharabu* 1. drink (alcoholic beverages). advice. 2. intention, plan, project; problem
asm), greet, welcome, congratulate, wame- sharubati* (-) see sharabeti.
2. (— ) alcoholic/intoxicating beverage. (on which one needs advice), una — ? Do you
Cf. sharabeti.
) )
shaushi 476 shembe 477 shifta
have a problem? — yako. It is your affair/ shazia* (ma-) (large) needle, bodkin (used in shembea* (— ) knife with a curved blade. sherifu* see sharifu.
= jambia.)
business, mwenye — . a helpless person (who making mats). (
constantly needs the advice of others). 3. sherisi*, sherizi, sheresi (— ) glue.
discussion, debate, negotiations. 4. opinion, shebeti* (— ) see sharabeli. sbemeji* (— ) relative by marriage, brother/
voice (in a matter). 5. telephone conversa- sister-in-law. sherizi* (-) see sherisi.
tion. — moja, kwa — . unanimously. 6. v. shegele (— see segele.
take counsel, consult, confer; ask for advice. shemeri* (-) nose ring (for cattle). sherti* (— ) see sharti.
appl, shauria. caus. shaurisha, shauriza. sheha* (ma-) see shaha.
ass. shauriana. Cf. mshauri, halmashauri.

shemshi*, shumusi (— ) rare sun. (= jua.) sheshe (— ) beauty. — ya nchi. the beauty of
shehe* (ma-) see sheikh, shaha. llie country.
shenga see *chenga.
"shaushi* \_Turk.J (ma-) mil. noncommissioned
shehena* (— freight, cargo. Cf. sheheni. shetani*, sheitani, shaitani (ma-) rel. devil,
officer, corporal.
shenzi* LPers.J adj. savage, barbarous, un- demon, supernatural power, punga — . exor-
sheheni* be loaded, have cargo (on board). Cf. couth, uncivilized, ill-mannered; pagan, cise.
^shaushi* see shawishi.
shehena. heathen. Cf. kishenzi, mshenzi, ushenzi.
shetri* (— ) naut. stern, poop.

shauwa* see shawali.
sheikh*, shehe, shekhe, sheki (ma-) important/ sherbeti* (— ) see sharabeli.
influential person, leader, chief, ruler. shiba* 1. be satisfied/sated/appeased, utashiba

shavu [rare chavu, chafu) (ma-): — la uso.
shere* (— ) see sheri. chakula hiki? Will this be enough for you to
cheek. - la mkono. biceps. — la mguu. calf
sheitani* (ma-) see shetani. eat? mimi ninashiba nikiia viazi. When I eat
(of the leg). - la samaki. gill (of a fish).
sberehe* (— ) 1. rejoicing, merriment. 2. cele- potatoes I am satisfied. 2. fig. be filled with/
— la jogoo. wattles (of a cock).
shekhe* (ma-) see sheikh. bration, ceremony, festival. 3. pomp, magnif- absorbed in (a subject, etc.). — masomo. be
icence, display. Cf. sherehekea. absorbed in one's studies, appl. shibia.
shawali*, shauwi (— ) tenth month of the
sheki* (ma-) see sheikh. caus. shibisha. satisfy/sate someone; (fig.)
Muhammadan year.
sherehekea* celebrate. Cf. sherehe. fill someone with enthusiasm. Cf. shibe.
Ishela* (ma-) shela (black veil worn by Arab
shawishi*, shaushi 1. entice, lure, tempt. 2.
women). sheresi* (— ) see sherisi. shibe* sing. 1. satisfaction, satiation. 2. appease-
persuade, talk someone into something. 3.
ment (of hunger, thirst). Cf. shiba.
pol. agitate. appZ. shawishia. intr. shawi-
sheri*, shere (—) joke, fun; derision, mockery.
4. (ma-) tempta-
^shela* (— ) shela (sword dance).
shika. caus. shawishisha.
cheza/fanya — . joke; mock, ridicule, deride. shibiri*, shubiri (— ) shibiri (unit of length,
tion, enticement, persuasion. Cf. kishawishi,
span; about 9 inches).
shelabela* adv. indiscriminately; (of merchan-
mshawishi, ushawishi.
sheria*, sharia (— ) 1. law, prescription, regula-
dise) as a lot, 'as is.'
tion. — na utengamano. law and order. shida* (— ma-) , 1. trouble, hardship, distress,
shayiri* sing, barley.
= shona.) baraza la kufanya — . legislative body. — difficulty, patwa na (wa na, ingia) — . have
sheleli* rare sew, stitch, (
haina kwao. The law knows no favorites trouble/difficulty, kwa — with. difficulty.
shaza* (— ) see chaza.
1. left hand. 2. north,
(lit.: has no homej. 2. legal proceedings, 2. lack, scarcity, shortage, ni — kumwona.
shemali* (-) liter.
justice, loc. sheriani. (law) court, peleka He is rarely to be seen, chuma ni — There
.
north-wind.
shazasi* (— ) sal ammoniac.
sheriani. prosecute, mwana — . lawyer. 3. is a shortage of iron, kwa — seldom,
. rarely.
shamasi.
pol. constitution. — ya jamhuri. republican
bunch, cluster (of shemasi* (ma-) see
shazi* (ma-), kishazi (vi-)
shifta* \_Engl. J (— ) shifter (member of a trouble-
constitution. 4.: —a (ki)sheria. adj. legal.
fruit); string (of fish). some nomadic group in Kenya).
shige 478
shina 479 shindikizo
shige (-): - la manjano. ornith. Pemba white- shikio (ma-) 1. handle, mashikio ya chungu. 2
shina (ma-) agr. hole for planting seed.
eye. the handles of a pot. lugha. be defeated by a language
2. naut. rudder. Cf. (admit that
shika. it too much for one), inv. shindua,
is
sindua.
shika 1. grasp, seize, hold on to, keep; (mil.) shinda 1. conquer, overcome, overpower, release pressure; open; be open
sub- to (arguments,
occupy (= shikilia, below), 2. follow, ob- shikizo (ma-) 1. support, prop, post. 2. tack(ing
due. _ adui. conquer the enemy. 2. outdo, persuasion); reveal, give vent to.
shindua
serve, comply with. - sheria (desturi). ob- stitch) (in sewing).
surpass, be better than. - mtihani. pass an maneno. give vent
Cf. shika. to utterances, argue, per-
serve the law (custom). persist in, insist examination, yule mrefu kushinda suade, inv.-appl. shindulia.
3. mimi. He inv.-intr. shindu-
is taller than
on. — bei. insist on a price, bargain, haggle. shiku (ma-) augment, of kishiku. I. kushinda jana. day before ka. maji yameshinduka. The fLood has receded.
— njia. follow a road, hold to an established yesterday. 3. win. - mchezo. win a game. Cf. shinda, shindani, ishindano,
shindikizo,
course. 4. hold, rarrv nn (= An maU some- shilnmn* [M=] (_) stem of a hookah. 4. bear, endure. _ manmiv.i. endure ~a:n. shindo. kishinda. ki«hin^ 0j "..shinda
rr.shi-
thing). — mazungumzo. carry on a conversa- 5. be left, remain, anashinda nyumbani. He ndaji, mshindani,
mshindikizo, mshindilio,
tion. — miguu ya... greet someone (respect- shilingi* [.Engl. J (—) shilling.
is always at home/is a stay-at-home. mshindio, mshindo, mshindwa,
appl. msindikizo,
fully), appl. shikia. double appl. shikilia. shindia. double appl. shindilia. press ushinda, ushindani, ushinde, ushindi,
hold onto (stubbornly, resolutely), keep shimbi, simbi (— , ma-) lees of palm-wine (used (down), shindilia nguo sandukuni. pack ushindwaji.
permanently, occupy, intr. shikika. prov. as yeast). clothes in a chest, sindilia chakula kinywani.
maji hayashikiki. Water cannot be held fast. stuff food into one's mouth, 2 shinda
shindilia bundu- (ma-,-) remainder, residue. - la kinu.
caus. shikisha, shikiza. shikisha mkono. shimbika tie, fasten (a fishhook to a line), ki. load a gun. intr. shindika, sindika. residue in a mortar.
1. be Cf. Shinda.
guide the hand (e.g., of a child learning to caus. shimbikisha, shimbisha. Cf. shimbiko. defeated/overpowered/subjugated. 2. (trans.)
do something forcibly, apply force
write), ass. shikana. 1. be good friends. 2. to some- shindama stat. of ^shinda.
wrestle with each other, shimbiko (ma-) act of fastening a hook to a thing, shindika miwa. press/crush sugarcane.
stat. shikama. 1.
stat.-ass. shikamana. stick tight, form a line. thread used for this purpose. 3. feign, sham, intr.-int. shindikiza, sindi-
2. Cf. shindamana stat.-ass. of ^shinda.
bond, set (of mortar, etc.). stat.-ass. -caus. shimbika. kiza. 1. = shindika. 2. see a guest to the
shikamanisha. join (firmly), fasten together. door (or go part of the way with him), shindani adj. competitive, contentious, hostile.
caus.
pass, shikwa. be grasped/seized, shikwa na shime! inter j. of encouragement to increased shindisha, shindiza. 1. cause/help Cf. ^shinda.
to conquer
homa. have a fever, shikwa na hofu. be effort, haya — , tusaidiane. Come on now, (excel, win). 2. cause to remain, take in a
seized by terror, be afraid, shikwa na kazi. let's all pull together! guest/lodger; hinder, impede, caus-intr. shindania ass.-appl. of Shinda.
be very busy. Cf. shikamuu, shikio, shikizo,

shindizika. be hindered/impeded; be blunted
kishika, kishikizo, kishiko, mshika, mshi- shimiri*, simiri fit, be suitable/useful, mavazi (of a tool), ass. shindana. 1. try to defeat Jshindano (ma-) (us. mashindano;
also mshinda-
kano, mshiikilizo, ushikimano. yake hayamshimiri. His clothes do not fit/ each other, fight. 2. dispute, fall out with no, mi-) competition, contest; comparison.
become him. each other. 3. compete, contend, - ya
shindana mpira. football match. Cf. ^shinda.
shikamoo, shikamu see shikamuu. mpira. settle a football contest, shindana
shimo (ma-) 1, hole, cavity, rut; hollow, depres- sawasawa. be well/evenly matched, ass.-appl. 2 shindano
(ma-) see 1 sindano.
shikamuu, shikamu, shikamoo formula of saluta- sion, cave, excavation, —la sahani. the hollow shindania. strive /struggle for something.
tion, lit. grasp (your) feet (orig. used only of a plate. 2. pit, trench; tunnel, 3. shaft, shindania fedha. haggle over a price, stat.
I
shindikiza intr.-int. of ^shinda.
by young people to older persons or, in well, mine. — la almasi (dhahabu). diamond shindama. rare, us. stat.-ass. shindamana.
general, in addressing an elder or chief). (gold) mine. — la kaa. vertical shaft (mining). be firmly pressed/packed together, be com-
shindikizo, sindikizo (ma-) 1. (act of) press-
pact, pass, shindwa. be defeated/outdone,
Cf. shika. ing, pressure. press, mill (for pressing
2.
^shina (ma-) capitulate, shindwa na mzigo mzilo. be over-
(also kishina, vi-) 1. tree-trunk oil, fruit, etc.). 3. sindikizo: escorting,
shikilia double appl. of shika. loaded, try to carry too heavy a load (lit.: be
(from root to top). 2. fig. source, origin. accompanying (a departing guest).
Cf.
defeated by a heavy burden), shindwa na shinda, sindikiza.
.
shogi 481 shtaki

shindilia 480 shoga
shogi*, sogi (ma-) saddlebag, packsaddle. shonga (ma-) persuasion, seduction, incite-
ment, enticement. mshongo.
shindilia double appl. of *shinda. addicted to. — ulevi. be addicted to drink.
shogoa* (_)
Cf.
see shokoa.
— kazi. be heart and soul in one's work. —
shindiza caus. of shinda. karata. be a confirmed cardplayer. — sanamu. shoni (ma-) see shono.
shoka, choka (ma-) ax.
rel. worship an idol. appl. shirikia. intr.
shindizika caus.-intr. of shinda. shirikika. caus. shirikisha, shirikiza. give shono, shoni (ma-) (us. mashono) 1. (act/
shokishoki (ma-) shokishoki
someone a share in something, allow to
(fruit of the msho- method of) sewing. 2. sewing equipment.
kishoki, q.v.).
shindo (ma-): enda kjva — (or mashindo). trot participate, make a member of a society. Cf. shona.
(of horses). Cf. shinda, mshindo. ass. shirikiana. be partners together, co-
shokoa*, shogoa LPersJ (_) 1. compulsory
operate, join forces; be jointly responsible/ shonoa inv. of shona.
labnr.
shindua inv. of shinda. liable. Cf. shirika, shirikisho, mshirika,
_ ; -o-p-Iscrv military ™,rc ui i-
versal conscription, draft. Kamatwa -. be

mshirikina, ushirika, ushirikina. shonoka inv.-intr. of shona.
subject to forced labor/military service.
shingo (— ma-)
, neck, fig., geogr. — la nchi.
shonolea inv.-appl. of shona.
isthmus, mwenye — ngumu. a stiff-necked/ shirikisho* (ma-) union, federation, associa-
shombo (-) (natural, sharp) odor of fresh fish.
stubborn person. tion. — la Ulimwengu la Vijana wa Kidemo-
Cf. vumba.
krasi. World Federation of Democratic Youth. shonosha inv.-caus. of shona.
shinikiza, sinikiza press, crush, pulverize. — la Ulimwengu la Wanawake wa Kidemo-

shomoro (-) ornith. shomoro (bird similar to
= shindikiza Women's International Democratic shore (-) ornith. (species of) bulbuh -
( 1. Cf. shinda.) appl. shini- krasi. kishungi
the sparrow).
kizia. Federation, soko la — common market. Cf.
.
paradise flycatcher. _ wanda. (species of)
shiriki.
sparrow.
shona sew, stitch, appl. shonea. sindano ya
shinikizo, sinikizo (ma-) 1. (act of) pressing,
kushonea. sewing-needle, intr. shoneka.
crushing. 2. press, mill. (= shindikizo. shisha* (— ) hourglass. shoroba* (ma-) (augment, of kishoroba) path,
caus. shonesha. have sewn, have (clothes)
passage.
Cf. shinda.)
made, shonesha nguo. have clothes made.
shitaka* (ma-) see mashtaka.
""'• shonoa. unsew, undo, take out stitches,
shoti* (-) gallop, enda (piga) -. to gallop.
shira* (— ) rare sail. (= nanga.)
unravel, inv.-appl. shonolea. inv.-intr.
shitaki* see shtaki.
shonoka. inv.-caus. shonosha. Cf. mashono, shoto 1. (ma-) left hand/side; left-handedness.
shiraa* (— ) astron. Sirius.
mshona, mshoni, mshono, shono, ushoni,
mwenye -. left-handed person. 2. (also
Ishiti* (ma-) cotton print (cloth).
ushono.
shotoshoto) adv. in a left-handed way,
shirika*, sharika 1. (ma-) partnership, commu-
awkwardly, backwards, anafanya kazi -.
nity of interests, cooperation; organization.
2shiti* [Engl.l (— ma-) (bed)sheet.
,
shonde (ma-) 1. dung (of animals), manure. He does his work clumsily.
mali yetu ni — We own
. our property jointly.
2. (cake of) dried dung (used for fuel).
fanya — . do something in common, go shares.
shitua* see shtua.
shtaka* (ma-) see mashtaka.
2. (ma-) share, tia — . share, divide up. 3.
adv. in common, jointly, together. Cf. shiri- shonde (-) grudge, resentment, vindictive-
shituko* (ma-) see shtuko.
shtaki*, shitaki 1. make a complaint, blame,
ki.
ness. ingawa tumegombana usiniwekee —
Even though we have quarrelled, don't be accuse. 2. jur. charge, sue, bring action
shoga* (ma-, — ) 1. a woman (or older girl) who
vindictive/don't hold a grudge against me. against, appl. shtakia. intr. shtakika.
shiriki*, shariki 1. participate, have a part in;
instructs a girl who has reached the age of
caus. shtakisha, shtakiza. refl. jishtaki.
be partners, act in common. 2. be associated,
puberty. 2. term of endearment used between
shonesha accuse/blame oneself, refl.-appl. jishtakia.
unite, combine, join. — katika biashara.
an impotent man who acts as a
caus. of shona.
women. 3.
complain about someone. Cf. mashtaka,
combine for business purposes, 3. be devoted/
servant to women. 4. catamite. Cf. ushoga.
mshtaka, mshtaki, mshtakiwa, ushtaki.
shtiri 482 shuhudu shuhul 483 shupaa
shuhuli* (— ) rear part of a house. shulu*, shuru 1. sew, stitch; whip, overcast,
shtiri* make the final (successful) bid (at an shubiri* (— ) see shibiri.
oversew. 2. (ma-) {also mshulu, mshuru,
auction). Cf. rasimu.
shujaa* 1. (ma-) hero, warrior, brave man. mi-) stitch, seam; backstitch,
shudu* (ma-) residue (of seeds, when oil is
Mashujaa wa Uhuru. Freedom Fighters. 2.
shtua, shitua, stua 1. move suddenly /violently; pressed), oil cake.
adj. brave, courageous. Cf. ushujaa. shumberere*, shumbulele [Port. J (ma-) sombrero.
(fig.) wrench, sprain. — mguu. sprain one's
foot. 2. surprise, startle, shock. 3. remove shufaka*, shafaka (-) sympathy, compassion,
= huruma.) Ishuka (-, ma-) loincloth. shuka (piece shumbi* (— ) 1. deep water. 2. heap, — ya
quickly. — chungu. take a pot off the fire pity. (
1. 2.
of calico about two yards mchanga. heap of sand.

(to keep the contents from burning). 4. elec. in length, common-
receive a shock. appZ. shtulia. intr, shtuka. shufu* 1. perceive, notice, detect, see. 2.
ly worn as a loincloth; hence a unit of
measure), shumbulele* (ma-) see shumberere.
1. be alarmed/startled. 2. be sprained. watch, observe, look at.
cans, shtusha. Cf. shtuko, mshtuko,

shume (ma-): paka — . large, half-wild tomcat.
mshtuo; also jituka (?). shufwa* (— ) math, even number, Cf. witiri. ^shuka intr. of shua.
shumua rare inv. of choma.

shtuka intr. of shtua. shughuli* (— ) 1. duty, task, occupation, busi- shuke (— ) see suke.
ness, affairs, work, function, career, ana —
shumusi* (— ) see shemshi.
shtuko, shituko (ma-) jerk, twitch, shudder; muhimu. He has an important task/piece of
^shukia* appl. of shuku.
(elec.) shock. Cf. shtua. business, kwa — . in the line of business,
shundi (— ) shundi (kind ofbird, coucal).
professional(ly). — za nchi. public affairs.
^shukia intr. -appl. of shua. = dudumizi, tipitipi.)
(
shtusha* caus. pf shtua. 2. worry, trouble; excitement, disturbance,
Cf. shughulika.
shukiwa* pass, of shuku. shundwa (— ) shundwa (large striped hyena).
shua lower, let down (e.g., a boat into the
water), appl. shulia. intr. shuka (often w. shughulika* 1. be busy/active, have much to do.
shukrani* (— ) thanks, gratitude. (- asante.) shunga 1,: — ng'omba. tend/drive cattle.
inv. & int. force). 1. disembark, land; alight, 2. be worried/disturbed/harassed, caus.
= ^chunga.) 2. rare drive (chase, scare)
Cf. shukuru. (
get out. shuka motokaa. get out of an auto- shughulisha. give work, employ; overburden
away. (= fukuza.) — ndege. scare away
mobile. 2. fall (to the ground), collapse. 3. someone; disturb, harass, refl.-caus. jishughu-
shuku* 1, doubt, have doubts/misgivings/ birds.
be steep/precipitous. 4. be humbled/humili- iisha. be busy; be worried/agitated; pretend
scruples, suspect, appl. shukia. have
ated/depressed, intr. -appl. shukia. get down to be busy, make excuses (for not doing the
doubts about something, pass, shukiwa. be ^shungi (ma-) 1. tress, tuft, plait, lock (of hair);
from/out of something, caus. shusha (& work at hand). Cf. shughuli.
doubted/suspected/suspect, 2. (ma-) doubt, mane (of a lion). 2. crest, plume, comb (of a
caus. -appl. shushia). 1. lower, bring/take
suspicion. Cf. shaka. cock). 3. fringe, tassel. Cf. kishungi,
down, discharge (cargo, etc.). shusha shuhuda* (ma-) proof, evidence; testimonial,
have an diploma. shahada, shuhudu. ushungi.
bendere. haul down a flag. 2. Cf.
shukuru* 1. thank, be grateful, tulimshukuru
orgasm (in coitus). 3. uv. land. Cf. mshuko,
shuhudia* appZ. of shuhudu.
kwa wema wake. We have thanked him for his
mshusho. '-shungi pi. of ushungi.
kindness. 2. console oneself, be contented/
resigned. Cf. shukrani, ushukuru; also
shuarub*, shuarubu (ma-) see sharabu. shuhudika* intr. of shuhudu. shupaa 1. be strong, vigorous, tough, hardy.
shakiri.
2. be stubborn, obstinate, unyielding. — maneno.
shubaka* (ma-), kishubaka (vi-) 1. peephole, shuhudisha* caus. of shuhudu. affirm, insist. — mwili. be muscular, caus.
shule* \_Germ. J (— , ma-) rare school, academy.
porthole, small opening/window. 2. hiding- shupaza. strengthen, harden, toughen; support,
= chuo, skuli.)
(
place, niche. 3. mil. loophole, embrasure. shuhudu* prove, confirm, attest, corroborate, confirm, ass. shupana. Cf. shupavu, mshu-
4. (shelved) recess in a wall. certify, verify, appl. shuhudia. intr. shuhu- pavu, ushupavu.
dika. caus. shuhudisha. Cf. shahada, shahidi.
shupatu 484 sibabi
sibi 485 sihi
shupatu (ma-) plaited strip (of grass/palm-leaf caus. shutumisha. 2. (ma-) insult, abuse, sibia appl. of *sibu, ^sibu, ^sibu. sifu* 1. praise, recommend. 2. flatter, appl.
fiber) used as lacing for beds. reproach, reprimand, rebuke. sifia. intr. sifika. caus. sifisha. pass.
Isibu*, sibabi abuse, insult, revile; slander. sifiwa. amesifiwa kwa nguvu zake. He was
shupavu adj. firm, hard, tough; stubborn, un- shuzi (ma-) {us. mashuzi; also ushuzi) breaking praised for his strength, refl. jisifu. praise
appl. sibia.
mshupavu, ushupavu. wind, flatulence; stench, prov. shukrani za oneself, boast. (— ) =

yielding. Cf. shupaa, 3. *sifa. Cf. ^sifa,
punda ni mashuzi. The donkey's gratitude is msifu, masifu, majisifu, mjisifu.
Asibu* distress, afflict, cause pain, bring mis-
stench, Cf. shuta.
^shupaza causr, of shupaa, fortune, appl. sibia. intr. sibika. Cf. ma-
sifunjo* (— ) see sifongo.
saibu, msiba, msibu, subiani.
shvvari* (— ) naut. calm.
^shupaza* [Port. J (— ) cards spades.
lsifuri*, sufuri (— ) math. zero.
3 =J k„* U„„. ,1,„ „!„„„ :I:1 :L..
si adv. (is/are) not; non-. — vema. (It is) not
shura*, chora [Pers.] (— ) saltpeter, — Iini? When did happen to you? appl. sibia.
good, wao — wagonjwa. They are not ill.
it
^sifuri* (— ) copper, brass. (= shaba.) Cf.
intr. sibika. caus. sibisha.
mwanachama. non-member.
sufuria.
shuri* (ma-) anat. steatopygia.
4 sibu*, subu prophesy, foretell the future.

Isia plant (rice, in holes); transplant, set out
sigara* (— ) see sigereti.
shurti* (— ) see sharti.
in rows.
sidiboi* L ? J (ma-) native member of the crew
sigareti* (— ) see sigereti.
shuru* see shulu.
of a warship.
2sia drive away ants (with burning grass).
sigereti*, sigareti, sigara [Engl.] (—
shurua* (— ) see surua.
sidiria* (— ) 1. arch, sidiria (cloth worn by
siafu (— ) siafu (kind of brown ant). cigarette, cigar.
native women to support the breasts), 2.
shuruti* 1. oblige, compel, necessitate, appl.
(recent) brassiere. (= kanchiri.)
siagi* (— ) butter, cream. sigida* (— ) see sijida.
shurutia. caus. shurutisha, shurutiza.
oblige, compel = shuruti); demand, insist on.

(
sidukia* intr. of suduku.
siaha* (— ) loud cry /scream. Cf. sihi. signali* [Engl. ] (— ) 1. signal. 2. naut. helio-
ass. shurutiana. obligate/make terms with
(ma-) =
graph.
each other; make a bet/wager. 2.
siala* (ma-) see swali. Isifa*, sifu (— ) 1. praise, commendation;
sharti. Cf. sharti, shurutisho, mshurutisho.
applause; recommendation. 2. reputation, siha* (— ) strength, good constitution, health.
siasa* (— ) 1. politics, political activity. 2. character. — zake njema. He has a good

shurutisho* (ma-) compulsion, pressure; stipu-
policy. — ya fungamana. policy of alignment. reputation. 3. gramm. adjective. Cf. sifu, Isihi* be acceptable/appropriate /suitable.
lation. Cf. shuruti.
chama cha — . political party, maongozi ya kisifa.
— . political platform, mtu wa — . politician.

shusha caus. of shua. 2sihi* call, cry; beg, beseech, implore, appl.
—a — . political. 3. attentiveness, careful- ^sifa* [Port. ] (— ) shark-oil (used for caulking
sihia. intr. sihika. Cf. siaha.
ness, accuracy; tact, mtu mwenye — . a
boats).
shuta break wind. Cf. shuzi.
tactful/diplomatic person, hana — He
. is
sihia* 1. transfer. — mali. transfer (ownership
tactless/indiscreet. 4. adv. careful, orderly, sifia* appl. of sifu.
shuti* [Engl.'] (-) 1. shooting, firing. 2. sport of) property. = appl.
2. of ^sihi.
meticulous.
shot, stroke, drive.
sifongo*, sifonjo, sifunjo (— ) sponge.
sihiri* 1. enchant, bewitch, fascinate, appl.
sibabi* see siibu.
shutumu* 1. scold, nag; abuse, insult; reproach, sihiria. 2, (— ) witchcraft, magic. 3. charm,
sifonjo* (— ) see sifongo.
find fault, appl. shutumia. intr. shutumika. talisman, Cf. usihiri.
. )
sijafu 486 silasila ilika 487
sijafu* [Pers. ] (_) cult (of a coat, etc.). sikitiko (ma-) grief, sorrow; silika*, sirika (— ) 1. character, nature, disposi- (another's misfortune, discomfiture); mock,
cause of sorrow/
regret; object of pity. Cf. sikitika. tion, ana — mbaya. He has a bad character. deride, ass. simangana. reproach/blame each
sijambo see jambo. 2. instinct. other. Cf. usimango.
sikivu see sikilivu.
sijida*, sigida (-) sijida (a calloused place silimu* be converted to Islam, turn Muham- simango (ma-) see usimango.
on the foreheads of Muhammadans caused by sikizano (ma-) {us. masikizano) mutual under- madan. intr. silimika. caus. silimisha. Cf.
the traditional prostrations at prayer). Cf. standing, agreement, pata — . reach an under- Islamu, Kiislamu, msalimina, Mwislamu. simanzi (— ) sorrow, sadness, grief, distress.
sujudu. standing, hali ya amani na masikizano. peace-
ful coexistence. Cf. sikia. silinda* \_Engl.j (ma-) cylinder. simba (— ma-) , 1. lion {also — dume). — j ike.
siki* [PersJ {- vinegar. lioness. — mrara. large spotted hyena. 2.

.1 1 .. ... Tr. , "I , > - - r^ ... -i , , . ,,
iKoiojia- Lznguj \-) see saikoloji. silingi-, slingi \_cngt. sungj \—) windlass, fig. brave person, courageous warrior. 3. fig.
sikia 1. hear. 2. listen, pay attention. 3. winch, derrick, crane. cruel /bloodthirsty person. 4. fig. fine,
notice, understand. 4. obey, mtoto huyi healthy child.

Isiku (— ) day (= period of 24 hours). - zote {or
hasikii. This child does not obey. 5. per- silisila* (— see silasila.
sikuzote). always, — hizi. now, at this time;
ceive, detect, nasikia harufu. notice/
I
nowadays, at present. — za kale, formerly, *simbi (— ) simbi (small cowry shell).
detect a smell, appl. sikilia. listen to/for
in ancient times, — every day, daily. sima (— ) dial, sima (a thick porridge made of
kila .
something, intr. sikika. be audible/per-

— kwa — flour and water; = ugali).
. from day to day. — hata — . day ^simbi (— ma-) , see shimbi.
ceptible/noticeable, caus. sikiza. make after day. — ya mwaka mpya. New Year's
someone understand/obey, appl.-caus. (us. simadi* to manure (a field, etc., with natural
Day. Cf. sikukuu. usiku. simbu see sumba.
w. int. force) sikiliza. listen intently, appl.- fertilizer; cf. samadij.
caus. -ass. sikilizana. listen to each other,

^siku pi. of usiku. sime (ma-) 1. large knife. 2. short (double-
come to an understanding, caus. -ass. siki- simama stand, be in an upright position; stand
edged) sword.
zana. be intelligible to each other, under- up, rise; stand still, stop, be stationary;
sikukuu (— ) holiday, festival. Cf. ^siku.
stand each other's languages. Cf. sikilivu, (fig.) be steady/steadfast/immovable, appl.
= simamika)
simika (
intr. of simama.
sikio, sikizano, msikiaji, msikilivu, msiki- simamia. 1. confront/oppose someone. 2.
sikuzote see siku.
lizaji, msikilizano, usikilizaji, usikivu, supervise, superintend, direct, manage, intr.
simile*, sumile, similla! (< bismillahi, q.v.)
usikizano. simamika, simika. 1. stand, be upright
sila* Lfers.J (— ) dipper, scoop, bailer. (= ndoo, inter j. Make way! Gangway!
= simama). 2. be erect (of the penis),
(
^kata.)
sikilivu, sikivu adj. be attentive, obedient, have an erection. 3. set up, establish,
similla!* see simile.
docile, teachable. Cf. sikia. appoint, caus. simamisha. 1. cause to stand,
silabi*, silabu LEngl.J (— ) syllable.
make steady, stabilize. 2. (cause to) stop,
simiri* see shimiri.
sikio (ma-) 1. ear. tega — . listen carefully. obstruct. 3. put up (a candidate for election).
silabu* (— ) see silabi.
tia — . remember, toga — . pierce the earlobe simamisha bei. stabilize prices, inv. simua.
^simo* [_Pers. ?](— ) 1. something remarkable/
(for earrings). 2. rare feeling, sensation. move from a vertical to a horizontal position,
Isilaha*, selaha (— ) weapon, twaa (shika) — noteworthy, event, news. 2. rare kind, sort,
3. fig.: — la simu. telephone receiver. lower, lay down, overturn, inv. -appl. simulia.
Cf.
arm oneself, take up arms. — za viini. nuclear quality. 3. adj. new, novel, strange.
sikia. inv. -intr. simulika. Cf. msimamazi, msimiko,
weapons.
usimamao, usimamizi, usimeme.
2simo neg. 1st pers. sing. det. 1. I am not (in)
sikitika be sorry, regret; grieve, mourn for,
2silaha* (ma-) see masilaha. triumph (over something). there. 2. fig. It is no concern of mine.
miss. appl. sikitikia. caus. sikitikisha, simanga 1. exult,
sikitisha. grieve (someone), make sorry, 2. gloat over, take a malicious pleasure in
silasila*, salasila, silisila (— ) chain, anchor-
sadden. Cf. sikitiko.
chain.
singafuri
489
simsim* (_) see semsem. an injection/shot, vaccinate, dawa ya —

vaccine, serum. 3. magnetic needle. 4„: — singe* [Turk. J (— ) bayonet. (- beneti.) caus. sinzisha. put/lull to sleep. Cf.
*simu* [Pers.] (-) 1„ telegraph, telegraphy. ya santuri. phonograph-needle. usingizi.
uzi wa — telegraph
. wire, — ya upepo. wire- singefuri*, singafuri (— ) see zingefuri.
less (telegraphy). 2. telegram, peleka -. ^sindano (-) sindano (kind of rice). sio (— ) grog (powdered potsherds, mixed with
send a telegram, wire, pata — receive a . singiza {us. appl. singizia) 1. accuse falsely, clay for making new pots).
telegram. 3. telephone, telephone conversa- sindi (— ) dial. see kindi. slander, calumniate. 2. pretend, feign.
tion, piga/sema kwa — to telephone, call -siofaa impotent (sexually). = hanithi.)
.
walinisingizia. I have been falsely accused. ( Cf.
up. pigivva — . be called up. sindika, shindika intr. of shinda. appl.-refl. jisingizia. amejisingizia ugonjwa.
He pretended to be ill. Cf. singizio.
^simu (— ) simu (kind of small fish, snrat). 1„:_ J-l • i.i.,. . i -
-.-..uiMz.tt, siimuiKiza uur.-mt. of "shinda.

(
= dagaa.) singizio (ma-) {us. masingizio) 1. false accusa-
tion, slander, calumny. 2. pretense, sham, sira* (ma-) {us. pi.) residue, lees, dregs. —
"^sindikiza go part of the way with someone
simua make-believe, pretext. Cf. singiza. la pombe. residue formed when beer is
inv. of simama. (e.g., a departing guest), give (someone) a
brewed. (= masimbi.)
send-off (prob. a_specialized sense of
^simulia*, sumulia tell (a story), relate, nar- *sindikiza; cf. ^shinda,).
Isini* (— ) appearance, features (of the face).
siraji* (— ) rare lamp, candlestick, torch.
rate, report, give an account of. appl. si-
(= 2 taa.)
mulika. caus. simulisha. ass. simuliana. sindikizo (ma-) see shindikizo. 'Sini*, Sina sing. China. (= China, Chaina.)
converse, carry on a conversation. Cf. si-

lsiri* 1. (— ) secret, secrecy; mystery.
mulizi, msimulizi. sindua, shindua inv. of shinda. sinia* (— , ma-) tray.
maneno ya— mysterious/unintelligible
.
see shinikiza.
words, mwandiko wa — . code, cipher, kwa
2
simulia sine* (ma-) anat. gum(s) (of the teeth). sinikiza
inv. -appl. of simama.
= ufizi.) — . secretly, mysteriously. 2. v., rare
(
secrete, hide. us. refl, jisiri. secrete one-

sinikizo (ma-) see shinikizo.
simulika inv.-intr. of simama.
sinema*
self, appl. siria. Cf. msiri.
\_Engl. J (— ) 1. cinema, motion pictures,
movies, movie theater. 2. fig., coll. spectacle, sinua turn/push over; uproot, tear out. intr.
simulizi* (ma-) {us. masimulizi) 1. news,
occurrence, episode, hapo sokoni tuliona — sinuka. intr.-appl. sinukia. lie every which ^siri* rare become, turn/change into.
report. 2. story, legend. Cf. simulia.
wanawake vvawili walipigana. In the market we way/in confusion/pell-mell, intr.-caus.
witnessed the spectacle of two women fighting. sinukisha. turn something upside down. siridado* sing, dry rot.
*sina neg. auxil. v. 1st pers. sing. I do not
have.
sineri* Und.J {—) (gold, silver) foil/leaf. sinyaa 1. wither, shrivel, become wrinkled. sirika* (— ) see silika.
2. fade (of colors), become discolored, appl.

Sina* sing. see Sini. sinyalia. Isirima* make someone wait, try a person's
Isinga rub/massage with an aromatic substance.
— kwa sandali. massage with sandalwood oil. patience by letting him wait; (fig.) torture.
sinasina be on the verge of tears, be ready to be absent-
sinzia 1. doze, daydream. 2. fig.
cry.
minded/inattentive. 3. fig. be indolent/in- 2sirima rare see ^sisiraa.
^singa pi. of usinga.
different/negligent. 4. fig. lose strength,
^sindano, shindano (ma-) 1. needle. 2. med. become weaker, taa inasinzia. The light is sirinji* LEngl. J (— ) med. syringe.
singafuri* (— ) see singefuri.
injection, vaccination, shot, piga — . give getting weaker/fainter, appl. sinzilia. kwa
macho ya kusinzilia. with dreamy eyes. sisi {rare siye) abs. pron. Jst pers. pi. we.
— sote. all of us. — tunakwenda. We shall go.
490 skati skauti 491
1
sisima (rare sirima) skauti* LEngl. J (ma-) scout, spy.
smooth a surface; oil, circumstances, miti imesitawi. The trees ^soga (— ) elhn. blood-brotherhood.
grease, lubricate. are thriving, caus. sitawisha. cause to
prosper, help to succeed, encourage, promote,

skeli* \_Engl. J (— ) mus. scale. — ya do.
^sogea, songea move (closer, further away).
2
major scale. — ya la. minor scale.
•
^sisima •
see sisimua. further, jumuiya ya kusitawishi Kiswahili. — mbali! Go away! — karibu! Come here!
Society for the Promotion of the Swahili
appl. sogelea. caus. sogeza. move some-
Language. sketa* (— ) see skati.
sisimizi (— ) sisimizi (small black ant). Cf. usitawi. one (closer, further away), appl.-ass.
sogeleana. come nearer to each other, draw

skrubu*, skurubu \_Engl. J (— ) screw, bolt;
sisimka intr. sisimua.
siti* (— ) rare, liter, lady (of the house); (in
together.
of
corkscrew.
address) madam. (- bibi, mwana.)
sisimsba cans, of sisimua. ^sogea (— ) sogea (kind of manioc).

skuli* LEngl. J, rare shule \_Cerm. J (— ) school.
sitima* (— ) see stima.
— ndogo. rare, elementary school. — ya kali,
sisimua, sisima tremble (with fright) appl. sogi* (ma-) see shogi.
intermediate school. = chuo.)
sitini* num. sixty. (
sisimulia, intr. sisimuka, sisimka. be

excited/stimulated (also sexually), have sogonea wipe oneself (with grass, etc., after
sitiri* see stiri.
skurubu* (— ) see skrubu.
gooseflesh (from fear), cans, sisimusha, going to the toilet).
sisimsha. frighten, terrify; excite, stimulate,

sitoo* (ma-) see stoo. skuta* \_Engl. J (— ) (motor-)scooter.
arouse interest. Cf. msisimko. sogora (ma-) sogora (a skilful drummer).
sivyo, siyo no. skweya* LEngl. J (— ) (carpenter's, mason's)

sisitiza 1. say emphatically, emphasize. 2. soka* LEngl. J (— ) rare soccer,
square.
advise, urge, warn (repeatedly), ass. sisi-
tizana. give each other good advice. ^siwa (ma-) augment, of kisiwa.
sokisi* (— ) see soksi.
skwota* LEngl. J (ma-) squatter (on land).
sista* LEngl.] (ma-) sister, nurse. 2siwa* (ma-) arch, horn, trumpet (of wood or soko* (— ma-)
, (established) market, market-
slingi* (— ) see silingi.
ivory; emblem of a chief). place, trading center. — la shirikisho.
Isita, sitasita 1. walk/move slowly or uncer- common market.

'•soda* LEngl.] (— ) soda, soda water, mineral
tainly; dawdle. 2. be uncertain/perplexed, siyara* (— ) nature, character; behavior, conduct.
water.
hesitate, waver, vacillate, bila kusita. with- sokota 1. twist, twine, spin, roll (e.g., a
out hesitation, constantly. siye rare see sisi. cigarette, the hair), wind. 2. fig. have colic
Asoda* (— ) dejection, melancholy. pains, opp^. sokotea. intr. sokoteka. caus.
siyo see sivyo. sokotesha. Cf. sokoto, msokoto.
^sita* num. six. —a — . sixth.
sodawi* adj. proud, arrogant. Cf. usodawi,
-siyoepukika unavoidable, inevitable, mahanga sokoto (ma-) 1. something twisted, twine, rope,
sitaha* (— ) see ^staha.
isiyoepukika. inevitable sacrifices. Cf. epa. sodo* (— ) sodo (cloth used during menstruation). 2. med. colic. Cf. sokota.
sitashara* num., arch, sixteen.

sizi (mi-, ma-) (us. pi.) 1. soot. 2. piece of sofa \_Engl.~] (-) 1. sofa, couch. 2. seat (of an soksi*, sokisi LEngl. J {—) socks, stockings,
charcoal. automobile). — ndefu. stockings.

sitasita see *sita.
skati*, sketa LEngl. J (— ) skirt, coattail. *soga* (ma-) chat, conversation. sokwe (— ) chimpanzee.
sitawi*, stawi bloom, flourish, prosper; be in
good condition, be successful, live in easy

493 staarabu
492
sonoa harm, injure (someone), cause pain; dis- landed; be beached/run ashore, caus.
*soli* [Turk.] (— ) mil., arch, sergeant major. sonara* [ind.] (-) jeweler, goldsmith, silver-
turb, annoy, irritate, bore. Cf. sonona. sozesha. ass. sozana. 1. approach/accost
smith.
someone. 2. bump against each other,
2soli adv. unexpectedly, face to face.
sonona, sununa grieve, regret, mourn; feel collide.
songa 1. press, compress, squeeze. 2. crowd,
sorrow/pain. appl. sononea. intr. sononeka.
3 soIi* throng. 3. apply pressure, close (by exerting
[Engl. ] (_) sole (of a shoe). be sorrowful /depressed /gloomy /melancholy/ spaki* [.Engl. J (—) spark, flame.
pressure); choke, throttle. — roho. strangle.
out-of-sorts. caus. sononesha. cause some-
4. fig. oppress, weigh down, overwhelm.
solo, soro (— ) solo (seeds of the msolo tree, one pain/sorrow; annoy /irritate someone. spesheli* [Engl.~\ adj. /adv. special(ly).
taabu zinanisonga. My troubles are weighing
used as counters in games). Cf. sonoa, sononeko, kisonono, usononi.
me down. 5. press forward, make progress.
spidi* [Engl.'] (-) speed.
fi„ twist, hraid. _ nvwele- brf.id the hair.
soma 1. read; read aloud, recite. — kitabu. sononeko (ma-) sorrow, trouble, care, grief,
appl. songea. intr. songeka. caus. songesha.
read a book. — shairi. recite a poem. 2, suffering; unrest, excitement. Cf. sonona. spika* [Engl.] (— ) speaker (in parliament,
stat. songama. ass. songana. push/jostle
learn by heart. 3. go to school, receive of a radio, etc.).
each other (in a crowd); oppress with taxation.
education, mtoto huyu anasoma. This child sonya see fyonya.
stat.-ass. songamana. be rolled/pressed to-
goes to school/can read, umesoma nini spiringi*, springi [Engl. J (-) mech. spring,
gether; writhe, wriggle, stat.-caus. songamiza.
skuli? What did you learn at school? 4. soro (— ) see solo. kitanda cha — . spring bed. —a — . springy,
disgrace/embarrass publicly; accuse publicly.
study, appl. somea. intr. someka. be de- resilient.
inv. songoa. twist, wring, songoa nguo. wring
cipherable/legible, caus. somesha. send to sororo (— ) sororo (edible sea fish).
out clothes, songoa kuku. wring a chicken's
school, teach to read; instruct. Cf. ^somo, spoki* [Engl.] (-) spoke (of a wheel).
neck, inv.-appl. songolea. inv. -intr. songoka.
kisomo, masomo, ^msoma, msomaji, mso- soshialisti* [Engl. J socialist.
inv.-ass. songona. inv.-ass.-caus. songonyoa
meshaji, msomo, usomaji. spoti* [Engl. ] (-) sport.
(w. int. force), press tightly together, pack
sosi* l_Engl.~\ (-) sauce.
tight (one thing on top of another), inv.-stat.-
somba carry, transport, convey. — mchanga. springi* (— ) see spiringi.
int. (rare), songomeza. roll up, coil, nyoka
transport sand. sosona see kokona.
anajisongomeza. The snake is coiling itself
spuni* [Engl.] (— ) rare spoon. (= kijiko,
up. Cf. songo, kisongo, msonga, msongano,
sombea, sombera 1. climb (a tree, etc.). 2.
= sota, sowera slide, drag oneself (on the *mwiko.)
msongo.
sota. buttocks, as one who has lost the use of
his legs). staajabu*, taajabu 1. be astonished/amazed.

songea see lc
sombera nbea. appl. staajabia. intr. staajabika. be amazed/
sote see ote, sisi. speechless, caus. staajabisha. astonish,
sombo (ma-) see masombo. '-songea appl. of songa. amaze. 2. (ma-) (us. mastaajabu) astonish-
sotoka (— ) see sadoka. ment, amazement; an amazing thing, wonder,

songo (ma-) 1. twisting, writhing. 2. loop, miracle. Cf. ajabu.
Isomo (ma-) 1. something to read, reading
education, study.
noose. 3. twist, coil, braid. — la nywele.
matter. 2. lesson. 3. 4.
a braid of hair, Cf. songa. staamani* see amini.
section, paragraph. Cf. soma.
soza 1. reach (one's destination), arrive.
songomeza inv.-stat.-int. of songa. naut.: - pwani. land. fig. be high and dry/ staarabika* see staarabu.
2somo (ma-) 1. (intimate, confidential) friend.
without resources. 2.: — kidole. point with
2. a women who instructs a young girl in
soni (— ) shame, modesty, timidity. the finger, appl. sozea. intr. sozeka. 1. be staarabu* [us. intr. staarabika) 1. (originally)
sexual matters; assistant at initiation rites.
suitable for a landing (of a place). 2. have be Arabized, live according to Arab customs.
3. namesake.
.
stadi 494 starehe 495 Btoki
2. fig. adopt Western/European ways, be stahilika. caus. stahilisha. 3. (-) (also reticence, reserve. 4= proper covering (of steringi* [Engl. J (_) rare see stiringi.
civilized/cultivated, show good manners/ astahili) merit, worthiness. 4. adj. worthy, the genitals). Cf. stiri.
breeding, caus. staarabisha. 3. adj. civi- deserving; suitable, qualified; obligatory.
stesheni* [Engl. J (— ) station, stopping-
lized, wise. Cf. mstaarabu, ustaarabu. Cf. ustahili.
starehe* 1. (— ) rest, peace, ease. 2. (in re- place). — ya mafuta/petroli. gas station.
sponse to the greeting karibu ! Come in!) — ya redio. radio station. — za mabomba
stadi* 1. (ma-) experienced/capable/skilful stahimili* endure, suffer, stand, put up with;
Don't disturb yourself! Keep your seat! 3. ya kuvutia maji. pumping station.
person. 2. adj. experienced, capable, skilful. be patient, persevere, appl. stahimilia. intr. comfort, well-being, prosperity, vitu vya —
Cf. mstadi, ustadi. stahimilika. be patient/long-suffering; be
luxuries. 4. recent welfare, recreation. 5. stichi* LEngl.J (—) 1. stitch. 2. loop, eyelet,
persevering/persistent. Cf. hamali. v. live quietly /peacefully; be in comfortable catch.
stafeli* [ind.] (-, ma-) 1. fruit of the mstafeli,
circumstances/well off. siku hizi amestarehe.
O. V. 2. cinnamnn ( = cf^;™;],-..,,*
" „J; . :_- -•-._ .
/• r"-""~»^'»"K, |'i-io. = i.cilL,

At present he is living in comfortable circum- stihizai*, stihizaya see hizi.
tenacious, stubborn; patient, long-suffering.
stances, caus. starehesha. make comfortable,
^staha*, sitaha (— ) naut. deck. Cf. hamali. steamer, steam-
relieve, give aid to. Cf. raha, starehevu, stima*, sitima LEngl.J (—) 1.
mustarehe. ship. 2. electricity, electric light (

= umeme);
stahivu* adj., rare deserving respect, estimable,
^staha* (— ) honor, respect, esteem, reverence, utilities. Wizara ya Kazi na Stima. Ministry
honorable. Cf. stahi.
deference, toa — show
. respect. Cf. stahi. starehefu* adj. see starehevu. of Public Works and Utilities.
staili* [Engl."] (-) style, manner. arch, steam. current

stahabu*, stahiba, stehebu starehevu*, starehefu adj. quiet, peaceful; stimu* [.Engl. J (—) 1. 2.
like, prefer, favor.
3. now rare electricity
= umeme).
Cf. ihebu^haba. comfortable. Cf. raha, starehe. (of air). (
staka* (— ) sandal. taa za — . electric light. — ya njia kuu.
stahi* stashahada* (— ) evidence, testimony, deposi- main (electrical) line, majiko ya — . electric
honor, respect, revere, appl. stahia.
stakabadhi* 1. turn over/deliver (for safekeeping/ stove/cooker. — kubwa. high tension/volt-
ass. stahiana. tion; certificate, receipt; bill, account. Cf.
intr. stahika. Cf. ^staha,
deposit). — pesa. tum over/entrust/deposit age.
stahivu, mstahivu, ustahivu. shahada.
money. 2. (— ) (also istakabadhi) care, safe-
keeping, deposit; (acknowledgement of) re- — start (a hide, conceal. 2. cover
stati* [Engl. ] (— ) start, tia (piga) . stiri*, sitiri, setiri 1.
stahiba see stahabu.
ceipt, quittance. Cf. kabidhi.
car), alipopiga — ile motokaa haikuwaka. (up). 3. fig. protect, preserve, appi. stiria.
When he stepped on the starter the engine intr. stirika. be concealed, keep oneself
stahika* be upright/worthy/respected. Cf. haki.
stakimu* thrive, prosper, be successful. Cf.
didn't turn over. hidden; be safe/not to be found/out of
mastakimu. harm's way. caus. stirisha. hide/conceal
stahiki* 1. be fitting/proper/suitable; be worthy/
deserving stawi* see sitawi. someone, keep safe, Cf. stara, kisetiri,
of; be obligatory. 2. adj. worthy,
stampa* [Engl. J (—) rare (rubber,_metal)
mstiri.
deserving; respected, honorable. Cf. haki.
stamp, punch; mark, stamp. (= *chapa,
stedi* [Engl. ] adj. steady, firm, hard.
muhuri.)
stiringi*, steringi, steling [Engl. J (—)
stahili* 1. merit, deserve, Juma, wee mkaidi
stehebu* see stahabu. steering wheel.
sana siku hizi, wastahili kupigwa. Juma, you
stampu*, stempu LEngl.J (— ) (postage) stamp.
are very naughty these days; you deserve a
steling* (— ) rare see stiringi. stoa* (— ) see stoo.
beating. 2. be fitting/proper; be due, be
standi*, stendi LEngl.J (—) rare stand,
obligatory. Amepata kazi nzuri sana, si —
stopping-place, bus stop.
stempu* (-) see stampu. stoki*, stokingi [Engl. J (— ) rare stocking(s).
yake. He has a very good job; in fact it is
= soksi [ndefuj.)
too good for him. appl. stahilia. intr. stara* 1. (— ) cover, concealment. 2. (place (
stendi* [Engl.] (-) see standi.

of) refuge, asylum. 3. fig. modesty,
496 sugua
497 llisuli
stoo*, sitoo, stoa [Engl.l (-) 1. store, shop.

*subu* cast, mold (metals), appl. subia.
2. storehouse, warehouse, 3, stock, supply.
intr. subika. caus. subisha. smooth a cement floor, intr. suguika. be/ sukari* (-) sugar. — mchanga/cheucheu/
become hard/insensitive, appl. sugulia. chembechembe. granulated sugar. — ya mawe.
stovu* [Engl. ] (-) stove.
^subu* appl. /caus. sugulisha. Cf. sugu, suguo, lump sugar. Cf. kisukari.
see ^sibu.
usugu.
stua see shtua.
suke, shuke (— ) ear (of grain).
subukua jab someone with the finger (as a sign
suguo (— ) 1. (coarse) whetstone, strop. 2.
of contempt). Cf. msubukuo.
stuka, shtuka intr. of shtua. scraper. Cf. sugua. sukua inv. of suka.
sudi* (— ) rare good luck, success.

stusha caus. of shtua. = kusini.) sukuma 1. push, shove; push aside, crowd,
suheli* sing, (in the) south. (
jostle, hatfai knsiikiima waipp. One should

.ûuun.u viio,. mil. suuuKia, siauKia; i. contirm,
*sua eject, spit out. — maji. spit out water suhuba* (— ma-), see sahibu. not push elderly people aside. 2. urge on,
verify, make sure, prove. 2. admit, accept,
(after rinsing the mouth), refl. jisua. retch, incite, spur on, stimulate, encourage, appl.
agree, concur. Cf. sadiki.
vomit. Cf. masuo. suhubiana* (rare suhubu) be good friends, be on sukumia. intr. sukumika. int. sukumiza.
intimate terms. Cf. sahibu, mamsahib, usu- drive on, push forward; drive back, ward off;
sudusi* (— ) see sudusu.
^sua clean, rub, brush. — meno. clean the huba. incite, stimulate, sukumiza gari. drive a car
teeth.
fast, sukumiza taabu. ward off difficulties.
sudusu*, sudusi (— ) a sixth.
jhubu* see suhubiana.
hubis ass. sukumana. shove/crowd each other,
o kwa kusukumana. with much crowding/

sua see sulika. sufi*, sufu (— ) (also usufi sing.) 1. kapok. Cf.
sujudu* prostrate oneself, bow down, worship; jostling. Cf. ^suka, kisukumi, kisukumizi,
msufi. 2. (commercial) wool, woolen cloth.
implore. oppZ. sujudia. intr. sujudika. cons. msukumizi, msukumano, usukumizi.
subahiya* (— ) see subaya.
sufii* (— ) hermit, pious/saintly person. sujudisha. cause someone to bow down; con-
Cf.
vert (to Islam). sukutu* 1. rare be still/quiet/silent. 2. inter;.:
usufii. Cf. sijida.
subalkheri* (— ) see sabalkheri.
askut! Be still! Silence!
sufu* (— ) see sufi. *suka twist, plait, braid. — nywele. braid the
subana* (— ) 1. (also subano) thimble.
sukutua 1. rinse the mouth, gargle (before and
= kastabini.) 2. small piece of meat. hair. — mkeka. plait a mat. inv. sukua. un-
(
after meals), dawa ya kusukutua. mouth-
sufuri* (— ) see sifuri. twist, loosen, sukua nazi. remove a coconut
wash, gargle. 2. rare, fig. eat.
subano* (— ) see subana. from its shell. Cf. ^msuka, *msuko, msusi,
sufuria* (— , ma-) (metal) cooking-pot. Cf. ususi.
2 sifuri. sulibi*, sulubu 1. force, compel. 2. torment,
subaya*, subahiya (— ) cloth covering a bier,
appl. sulibia. intr.
torture. 3. rel. crucify,
pall. 2suka move quickly back and forth, shake, rock.
sulibika, sulubika. be forced (to work); be
sugu (— ) 1. callous, callosity; corn (on the foot);
— (us. sukasuka) mkia. wag the tail. — accustomed to hard work; be strong/hard/
wart. 2. fig. callousness, want of feeling, in-
subiani* (ma-) an evil spirit. Cf. ^sibu. maziwa. churn milk. — kichwa. shake the firm. caus. sulibisha = sulibi. pass, su-
sensitivity, heartlessness, apathy, mtu — . a - suka. cause
head. red. sukasuka. 1. 2.
libiwa. Cf. ^sulubu, msalaba.
subili* (— ) subili (species of aloe).
coarse/unfeeling person. Cf. sugua, usugu.
Cf. someone trouble, disturb, worry, appl. sukia.
msubili. mashine ya kusukia maziwa. centrifuge, sulika* (rare sua) feel unwell, be dizzy/faint,
sugua rub, scour, clean, polish. — meno. clean
(cream) separator. Cf. masuko, msukano, be subject to vertigo. Cf. sulisuli.
subira*, subiri see saburi.
the teeth. — kisu. whet a knife (by stroking
^msuko.
it against an earthenware pot). — sakafu.
sulisuli* (— ) dizziness, vertigo. Cf. sulika.
sukani* (ma-) see usukani.
sumbulio 499
sultani 498 sumbuko
sumbulio (ma-) 1. = sumbuo 1, 2. 2. persecu- sunobari* (-) sunobari (kind of pine wood). Cf.
sultani* (ma-) sultan, ruler, monarch. Cf. suluhu* see suluhi.
tion, oppression, subjugation. Cf. sumbua. msunobari.
usultani.
Isululu, sururu (— ) 1. pickax, 2. zool. sword-

sumbuo, sumbuko (ma-) 1. unrest, disquiet,
snlu adv.: piga — . rub, polish, scour. fish.
anxiety. 2. trouble, annoyance, vexation,
teasing. 3. hindrance, obstacle, difficulty. sunza 1. part with reluctantly, give grudgingly;
sulubika* intr. of sulibi.
^sululu adv. at the same time, simultaneously. sumbua.
Cf. move hesitantly/uncertainly. — mguu (mkono).
(- sare.)
grope one's way (in the dark). - teo (kombea).
*sulubu* (— ) (also usulubu sing.) 1. (power of)
sumile!* see simile! throw with a sling. 2. tease, annoy.
resistance, strong constitution, stamina. 2. = kipila.)
3sululu (— ) ornith. curlew. (
strength, energy; exertion, effort, kazi ya

sunzu (,— ) sunzu (a tuft of hair left when the rest
kuchimba makaa ni ya — sana. Coal-mining is
sumaku* (— ) magnet, —a — magnetic.
. of the head is shaved),
very hard work. Cf. sulibi.
sumu* 1. poison. — mshale. to poison an arrow.
*sumba, simbu light, ignite, kindle (a fire). appl. sumia. intr. sumika. caus. sumisha. supu* LEngl.} (— ) soup, gravy, nywa — . eat
^sulubu* see sulibi. 2. (— ) poison, venom, virus, lisha — give
. (lit.: drink) soup.
poison (to someone), kwa — poisonous. .

'sumba sell at a much reduced price (under
suluhi*, suluhu, selehi 1. improve, perfect. 2.
— ya kuambukiza. me.d. virus.
pressure of circumstances). Isura* (— ) 1. look, appearance, expression (of
reconcile; adapt, adjust, accommodate; effect sumughu* (— ) gum(-arabic). the face), ana — nzuri. She is attractive in
an understanding/agreement; come to terms,
^sumba: ana kichwa cha msumba. He is
appearance/makes a pleasing impression.
reach a compromise, appl. suluhia. appl.-ass. sumulia see *simulia. 2. similarity, resemblance. Ana sura kama
annoyed/worried.
suluhiana. make peace with each other, become
ya mama yake. She looks like her mother.
adjusted to each other, intr. suluhika. be re- suna* 1. (— ) = 2 S uni. 2. adj. commendable, 3. surface. — ya nchi. surface of the earth.
sumbivi (— ) crisis. Cf. sumbua, sumbufu.
conciled; be adaptable, caus. suluhisha. creditable, praiseworthy, meritorious, = uso.)
( Cf. kisura.
bring into harmony, reconcile, conciliate.
sumbua 1. worry, upset, disconcert, distress,
katika vita wanaoshindwa huomba suluhisha. sunagogi* LEngl. J (— ) synagogue.
2 sura* surah of the Koran.
torment, harass, annoy, tease. 2. oppress, (-) 1. Isl. 2. (in
In the war the conquered asked for a cessation
subjugate, appl. sumbulia. appl.-ass. gen.) chapter (of a book).
of hostilities. 3, suluhu, isilahi (— ) reconcili- sungua sweep up the chaff (after winnowing
sumbuliana. get on each other's nerves.
ation, agreement, compromise, peace; (sport) grain).
intr. sumbuka. be distressed/harassed/ suria* (ma-) hist. 1. female servant (who lives
tie. taka/omba — . ask for peace, capitulate.
exhausted, caus. sumbusha. (w. int. force) as a concubine with her master). 2. concubine.
unanidai sh. 100 (shilingi mia moja), lakini sungura (— ) 1, hare. 2. fig. a shrewd/cunning
annoy /torment someone (constantly, inten- Cf. suriama, usuria.
kwa kuwa nimevunya kinanda chako, sasa person.
tionally). Cf. sumbufu, sumbulio, sumbuo,
suluhu yako ni sh. 25 (shilingi ishirini) na
masumbuko, msumbufu, usumbufu. suriama* (ma-) 1. suriama (child of a concubine).
tano tu. You owe me a hundred shillings, but sungusungu (— ) sungusungu (large black ant).
2. half-caste. Cf. suria.
since I have broken your record player, you
sumbufu adj. annoying, troublesome, vexatious,
now owe me only twenty-five shillings Cf. Isuni* (— ) Isl. Sunnite. yeye ni — He belongs
.
distressing. Cf. sumbua, msumbufu, usu- surua*, shurua, churua iPers.J (— ) med,
suluhivu, masilaha, msuluhivu, usuluhi. to the Sunnite sect.
mbufu. measles.
suluhivu* adj., rare conciliatory, peaceable.

sumbuko (ma-) see sumbuo. 2suni*, suna (— ) 1. good tradition, 2, commend- suruali*, surwali (— ) trousers, — fupi/kipande.
Cf. suluhi. good advice.
able achievement. 3. (piece of) shorts (= kaputula), — ndefu. long trousers.
500
501 taaradhi
*sururu (— ) see ^sululu. 2suta (-) spendthrift, bankrupt person.
2sururu (— ) sururu (kind of beetle which destroys soti* [Engl.] (-) suit (of clothes). taa (— ) 1. obedience, discipline. 2. devotion, taahira* (— ) delay, postponement; respite. Cf.
coconut palms). submissiveness, humility. Cf. tii.
suto (ma-) (also msuto, mi-) (public), accusa-
snrwali* (— ) see suruali. tion, indictment; rebuke, reprimand. Cf. taajabu* see staajabu.
^taa (— ) lamp, washa (zima) — . light (extin-
*suta.
guish) a lamp. — ya umeme. 1. electric lamp.
sus* (— ) see Isusu. taala*, taa isl. be exalted. Allah — God
. is
2. rare electric light bulb. — za mbele, —
suuza see suza. most high.
kubwa. searchlight, headlight (of an auto-
i > i \ •. . . ,,,,
*»usa me
. .
v—; i. tartar (on leeinj. L. mea. —

mobile), kinu cha . electric power plant.
decay, caries. suza, suuza rinse (off). — nguo. rinse clothes. taalamu* be learned; be well educated/well
— mikono. rinse off the hands (to remove the informed. Cf. elimu, maalum, utaalamu.
3taa (— ) taa (kind of fish: skate, ray).
soap).
4susa (& appl. susia) refuse (food, etc., in a
taali* learn, study. Cf. mtaala.
pout), have nothing to do with, despise, dis-
swafi* see safi 1. 4taa see taala.
dain; (recent) boycott, sabotage. — amri.
taalimu*, taaluma (— ) 1. education, culture.
boycott a regulation.
swaga drive (cattle). taa 2. instruction, study. Cf. elimu.
pi. of utaa.
9
susia see ^susa.
Swahili* sing, the Swahili coast. Cf. Kiswa- taaluma* (— ) see taalimu.
taabika* 1. be in difficulty /distress. 2. be
hili, Mswahili, Uswahili.
worried/perturbed, caus. taabisha. distress,
*susu*, sus (— ) licorice. think, reflect, ponder.
taamali* Cf. taamuli.
trouble, worry; oppress. Cf. taabu.
Iswala, swara (— ) swala (impala, Grant's
2susu (— ) 1. clothes-rack, shelf, (etc., on a gazelle). 1. difficulty; toil, trouble, hardship. taamamu* take a chance, avail oneself of an
taabu (— )
wall). 2. hammock, (child's) cot. 2. inconvenience, annoyance. 3. want, priva- opportunity.
2swala (ma-) see swali. tion, misery, distress. Cf. taabika.

susuika 1, withdraw an accusation when con- taamuli* (_) thought, reflection, meditation.
fronted by the person accused, back down. 2. swali*, swala, siala (ma-) question, nina — taadabu* see adibu. Cf. taamali.
bring false charges (against someone). 3.

have a question,
I Cf. saili.
question intensively, give the third degree. taanasa* 1. be a pleasure seeker, lead a life
taadhima* (-) 1. fame, splendor, glory. 2. re-
swara (— ) see *swala. spect, esteem, honor. Cf. adhama, taadhimika. of luxury. 2. (-) = anasa.
susurika wander around, loiter; waste time.
Cf. zurura. taanisi* see anisi.

sweta* [.Engl. J (—) sweater. taadhimika* 1. be glorious/majestic/exalted.
2. be honored/respected. Cf. adhama,

susuwaa become dry /hard, dry up. taaraa* see taraa.
swichi*, swisi [.Engl. J (— ) switch (railw., taadhima.
elec).
taaradhi*, taaradhia 1. interfere/meddle (in
lsnta confront, accuse, make open charges taadi* see tadi.
= other people's affairs); concern oneself

against a person, ass. sutana. accuse each swila (— ) (spitting) cobra. ( M'ira.)
amesutwa mbele ya with, become involved in (a matter). 2.

other, pass, sutwa. taahari* delay, procrastinate, be late. Cf.
disturb; obstruct, impede.
watu. He has been publicly accused. Cf. swisi* (— ) see swichi. ahiri.
masuto, msuto, suto.

taaradhia 502 tabii tabiki 503 tafuta
taaradhia* see tabangatabanga spoil (by mixing with some- tabiki* 1. lie directly on top of something, ad-
taaradhi. the favor). Would you please be so kind.
thing of an inferior quality), adulterate. here to, cover, line. 2. be folded/creased. Cf. fadhili.
taarifa*, taarifu (— ) report, statement (written 3. be/become attached to, grow fond of (a
or spoken); (pol.) communique'. — ya tabanya caus. of tabana. person), appl. tabikia. ass. tabikiana. be tafaka fiki
pamoja. joint communique'. Cf. arifu. close friends, caus. tabikisha. put on top
tabaradi*, tabaridi, tabarudu see burudi. of, cover; fold; paste/glue together; (fig.) tafaraji*, tafaruji enjoy /amuse oneself, find
taarifu* (— ) see taarifa. establish friendly contacts. Cf. tabaka. relaxation. tafrija.
Cf.
tabaruki*, tabaruku 1. Isl. gather for prayer.
taashira* (— ) see ishara. 2. gather for social purposes (conversation, tabiri* foretell, predict, tell fortunes, interpret tafaruji* see tafaraji.
etc.). 3. dedicate. — kanisa. dedicate a dreams; (in gen.) explain, interpret, appl.
taataa* 1. move restlessly; toss, writhe (in church. Cf. baraka. tabiria. intr. tabirika. caus. tabirisha. Cf. tafauti* (— ) see tofauti.
pain). 2. be confused/bewildered, talk inco- mtabiri, utabiri.
herently. tabaruku* see tabaruki. tafi (— ) see tasi.
tabu (— ) see taba.
effect, influence, tabasamu* 1. smile. (= *cheka.) 2. fig. be tafiti* 1. interfere, meddle, pry. be inquisi-
taathiri* (— ) Cf. athari. 2.
hypocritical, feign innocence. 3. (— ) smile, tabua break/tear off, pluck, appl. tabulia. tive/critical. Cf. fatiisha, tafuta, mtafitaji,
grin, smirk. = kicheko.) tabulika.
taba, tabu, tabutabu (— ) 1. piece, fragment, ( intr. Cf. taba. mtafiti, utafiti.
scrap. 2. strip of palm leaf (for plaiting

tabasuri* (— ) see busara. tabulia appl. of tabua. taflisi* (-) bankruptcy. (= ufilisi.)
baskets). Cf. tabua.
tabawali*, dabaulo rare urinate. = kojoa.)

tabahani* be learned/well-educated. ( tabura* (— ) mil. training, drill. tafrija*, tafriji (— ) entertainment, amusement,
relaxation, diversion; party, reception; con-
tabia* (— ) 1. (natural) environment, (geographi-
tabaka* (— ma-) , 1. cover, lid. fig. — moja. tabutabu (— ) see taba. cert. Cf. tafaraji.
cal, climatic) features/conditions. 2. nature,
side by side, close together, nearby. 2. lining
- ya suruali. character, disposition (of people), property tadaraki*, tadariki see diriki. lafsiri* explain, interpret, comment
(of a garment). 3. fold, crease, 1. on. 2.
(ironed) crease (in trousers). 4. layer, stra- (of a thing). translate, interpret. 3. (ma-) explanation,
— za makaa (madini). tadhibiri*, tadubiri 1, put in order, mend, repair, interpretation, commentary; translation. Cf.
tum; class (of society).
bed/deposit of coal (ore), — ya tanuu. charge/ Mabibia* treat (medically), cure, nurse back revise. 2. look/hunt for, search. fasiri.
mapigiano ya kitabaka. to health.

= nibu.) tabibika. pass.
batch (in a lime kiln), ( intr.
comm. class struggle. Cf. tabiki. tabibwa. Cf. Uiba, * tibu, tabibu. tadi* taadi 1. transgress, violate, not observe, tafuna chew, gnaw, nibble. Cf. matafuni,
fail to comply with (customs, laws). 2. of- mtafuni, mtafuno.
labakelo* [Tort. ] (-) tobacco-case, snuffbox. 2 ta (,ibia* (-) fend (someone), mistreat, abuse, bully. 3.
see tiba.
attack. appL tadia. 4. (— ) {also utadi, tafuta* 1. look/hunt for, search, — vitu. hunt
sing.) violation, infraction; offense, insult; for things, — ugomvi. look for trouble, pick
tabakwa be/become poor/impoverished, fall
tabibu*, mtabibu(wa-) doctor, physician.
upon evil days. (= mganga.) Cf. niba, tibu, tabibia, attack. a fight. — maneno. try to find words. 2.
utabibu. find, discover. appZ. tafutia. search out,
pronounce magic formulas/incanta- tadubiri* see tadhibiri. look for (something/someone), caus. tafu-
tabana arch,
caus. tabanya. tisha. red. tafutatafuta (w. intr. force) hunt
tions (in preparing medicines), tabii* become accustomed to something, con-
tafadhali* 1. please, do a favor, be so kind (as everywhere. Cf. fatiisha, tafiti, m tafuta ji,
tract a habit.
to do something). 2. interj. Please (do me utafutaji.
taga 504
taibika 505 taka
*taga (us. — yai) lay (an egg), pass, tagwa taharaki*, taharuki 1. be in a hurry, be busy. taibika* intr. of taibu. taja 1. name, mention. — jina. call by name.
caus. tagisha. Cf. tago, mtago. 2. be excited, appl. taharukia. caus, taha- 2. rare nominate (for election). (~ chagua.)
rukisha. Cf, haraka. taibu*, tayibu 1. be goodAind/obliging. 2. be intr. tajika. be worthy of mention, pass.
"taga, tagaa (ma-) (also utagaa sing., kitagaa, well/in good health, intr. taibika. be happy/ tajwa. be mentioned/reported/quoted. Cf.
taharizi* (— ) side pieces of a kanzu. Cf. contented. 3. adv. good, well, right(ly). 4. mtajaji.
vi-) .branching, forking (of a tree, a road).
tagaa. badani. interj. tayib! Good! Very well!

Cf.
tajamala* (— ) 1. favor, kindness. 2. approval,
taharuki* see taharaki. taifa* (ma-) 1. race, (large) tribe. 2. rec, pol. agreement. Cf. jamala.
Magaa 1. walk fast (with long steps), stride.
nation. Umoja wa Mataifa. the United Nations.
2. straddle, sit straddle-legged. 3. waddle
2 taga, 1 kitagaa,
tahayari* 1. (& intr. tahayarika) be ashamed; mataifa makuu. the Great Powers. — a mataifa tajamali* show favor /kindness, do a favor to
(= bata, magamaga); Cf.
by shy/bashful; be humiliated, caus. tahaya- mbalimbali. international. Cf. kitaifa, utaifa. someone, help, assist. Cf. jamala, taja-
matagataga.
risha. put to shame, humiliate. 2. (— ) = mala.
haya. Cf. haya, tahayuri. laifod* (— ) see taifoid.
Aagaa (ma-) see ^taga.
taji* (— ) crown, diadem, coronet.
tahayuri* (— ) 1. shame, humiliation, disgrace. taifoid*, taifod [.Engl. J (— ) med. typhoid
taghafali* 1. be taken unawares, be surprised/
2. embarrassment, confusion. Cf. haya, (fever). tajiri* 1. (also tijara) engage in commerce,
amazed. 2. be distracted/absentminded/in- become
tahayari. rich. appl. tajiria. intr. tajirika.
attentive; act thoughtlessly/imprudently. caus. tajirisha.
taileni, tailetai, tawireni inter;'., ethn. Help! refl. jitajirisha. enrich
caus. taghafalisha. pass, taghafaliwa. Cf.
tahidi* see jitahidi. (a cry introducing and concluding the cere- oneself. 2. (ma-) (also mtajiri, wa-) rich
ghafula. man, (wholesale) merchant, capitalist.
mony for exorcising spirits).
tahiri* 1. purify (ritually). 2. eth. circumcise. prov. — na maliye, maskini na mwanawe.
tagio (ma-) see tago.
med. operate, pass, tahiriwa. mtoto huyu A rich man and his property are like a poor
3. tailetai see taileni.
ametahiriwa. This child has been circumcised. man and his son. Cf. utajiri.
tago, tagio (ma-) place where a hen lays eggs, (— ) rare circumcision;
caus. tahirisha. 4. taili* see talii.
nest. Cf. naga. (usually:) a ritually pure person. Cf. tohara. tajwa pass, of taja.
taimu* \_Engl. J (— ) sport time.

tahadhari* frequently the imperative of hadhari: tahlili*, tahalili (-) song of mourning, dirge.
Maka, takataka (ma-) 1. dirt, rubbish, garbage.
- mbele ya simba! Beware of the lion!
—
taipu* [Engl. J (— ) typewriter, piga . to type, 2. a worthless thing, junk, trash. Cf. kita-
tahyati* inter j.(in salutation) (I wish you) a kwa maandiko ya — typewritten. .
kataka, I ma taka.
tahafifu* adj. see hafifu.
long life! Cf. hai.
tairi* [.Engl. J (— ) (automobile) tire.

2 taka* (-) bolt (of cloth/calico, about 30
tahalili* (-) see tahlili.
Mai* (— ) tai (a small pastry).
yards),
Haiti* be in (financial) need, be poverty-
tahamaki* 1. pay heed to, notice, observe. 2.
2tai* [.Engl. ] (-) (neck)tie. stricken, be hard up. Cf. utaiti.
inter j. (imper.) Look! Behold! 3. adv. sud- ''taka 1. want, wish. 2. ask for, request,
denly, tulipokwenda njiani, — akatokea inquire about. — shauri. ask for advice,
we were on our way, a leopard 3tai (— ) tai (a large bird of prey: eagle, vul- naiti* [Engl. J (— ) tight/close-fitting dress, need. have a tendency
chui. While 3. 4. to..,, incline
suddenly appeared. ture). sheath. to... 5. intend, be going to..., be about

to..., be on the verge of... inataka kunye-
sha. It is going to rain. appl. takia. intr.

)
takabadhi 506 takshi taksiri 507 tamani
takika, us. intr.-ass. takikana. be desired/ ritually (e.g., after menstruation). Cf. taka- taksiri* (-) fault, defect; shortage, deficit; taliza* smear, plaster (a wall with clay,
desirable, haitakikani. It is not desirable. tifu, takato, mtakaso, m takalifu, utakaso, offense, crime. mortar).
ass. takana. desire each other (sexually). utakatifu.
Cf. Imataka, mtaka, mtashi, utashi.

*takua (— ) pride, arrogance, ostentation. Mama* 1. be ended, come to an end. 2. (—
takataka (ma-) see naka.
end, conclusion, final stage; (final) deci-
takabadhi* 1. see kabidhi. 2. caus. takabadhi-
Hakua dial, scratch, scrape, kuku wanapo- sion. 3. adv. final, conclusive, decisive.
sha. entrust someone with something. — takatifu adj. 1. clean, pure, clear. 2. rel.
tafuta chakula hutakua mchanga. When Cf. tamati.
fedha. entrust someone with money. Cf. ka- holy, sanctified. Cf. takata, mtakatifu,
chickens hunt for food they ordinarily
bidhi. utakatifu.
scratch in the sand. nama*, dama (-) 1. dirt, rubbish. 2. a
takato (ma-) 1. cleaning, cleansing, purifica- wuiuucss Luiug, i.rasn, Liifle; nonsense.
takabali* see kubali.
takwimu* (— ) calendar, almanac.
tion. 2. cleanness, purity. 3. carefulness,
takabari* (also refl. jitakabari) be proud/arro- neatness. 4. fig. innocence, chastity. Cf. tama rare move, change one's residence;
taladadi* see taradadi. = hama.)
gant, show off. Cf. kiburi. takata. emigrate. (
repeat the formula 'Allah akbar,

talaka* (— ) divorce, kumpa fulani — . grant
takadamu* 1. go forward, precede, lead the way. takbira* Isl. to 4 tama (— ): shika — . to rest the head on one's
someone a divorce. Cf. taliki.
2. lead, guide, escort. 3. (of timepieces) go Allah is great,
hands,
(too) fast. Cf. kadamu.
talakeki*, talakaki (— ) powderhorn. = pembe.)
(
Uakia (ma-) {us. matakia) request, demand, D tama: — (or mtama) la bibi. ornith.
takalifu* 1. go to trouble, take pains; obligate claim.
talakim* (— ) Isl. burial prayers. = uradi.) (species of) cuckoo.
(
oneself. 2. (— ) difficulty, trouble, inconve-
nience; disorder, disturbance. Cf. kalifu.
^takia* (ma-) large cushion, tamaa* (— ), tamani (ma-), tamanio (ma-)
talaleshi* (ma-) see mtalaleshi.
1. longing, yearning, striving, desire, am-
takamali* be complete/perfect. Cf. kamili.
3takia appl. of taka. talasimu* (ma-) talisman, amulet, charm.
bition, wa na (fanya) — . desire, wish.
2. hope, shika — . live in hope, kata
takaramu* (— ) see karama.
takikana intr.-ass. of ''taka.
tale (ma-) see
(ondoa) — . give up hope. 3. avarice,
kitale.
greed, — ya mapesa. greed for money.
takarimu* see karimu, karama.
takilifu* see takalifu 2. talibisi* (— ) talibisi (mat protecting cargo
ana — . He is avaricious. 4. (sexual) de-
sire, lust, Cf. tamani, mtamani, tamauka,
on a heavily loaded dhow).
takasa caus. of takata.
tako (ma-) 1. (us. pi.) seat, buttocks. 2. butt- tumaini.
end (of something), base. — la mkuki. the talii*, taili 1. investigate, examine.
takata 1. be clean/pure, nguo yangu imetakata
butt(-end) of the spear, mstari wa (ki)tako. ameenda kwenye safari ya kutalii nchi.
tamaduni* become refined/civilized. Cf.
kwa sababu nimeifua na sabuni bora. My
base line. 3. end, main point, Cf. kitakizo, utamaduni.
He is touring the country. 2. teach, in-
dress is clean/white because I washed it with
kitako, matako, utako. struct.
good soap. 2. be clear/bright, kumetakata.
tamalaki*, tamaleki see 'miliki.
It is clear/has cleared up (the weather). 3.
takriban* adv. almost, nearly. Cf. karibu, taliki* divorce, annul a marriage, alimtaliki
rel. be holy/sanctified/consecrated, intr.
karibia. tamani* 1. yearn, desire, strive, natamani
mkewe. He has divorced his wife. pass.
takatika. caus. takasa. 1. clean, cleanse,
kurudi nyumbani. I yearn to return home.
talikiwa. be divorced, mke alitalikiwa.
purify. 2. make clear, clear up. 3. purify fez, tarboosh. (- tarbushi.)
takshi* (— ) 2, hope. intr. tamanika be worth striving
The woman has been divorced. Cf. talaka.
.. .
508 tambiko
tambo 509
for; be attractive/absorbing, caus, tama- creep up to. caus. tambaza (rare tamba- Often when people have made sacrifices, tambuza forge, weld, hammer.
nisha. arouse desire; attract, fascinate, risha). drag, tambaza manena. speak they are accustomed to drink the tambiko
3, (ma-) - tamaa. Cf. tamaa, mtamani, slowly, drawl. Cf. tambazi, Imtambaa,
beer. 2. tambiko (a totem). Cf. tambika. tambuzi adj. intelligent, clever. Cf. tambua.
utamanifu. mtambazi, utambazi.
tambo (ma-), utambo (— ) strutting, swagger- tamfu adj. easily pronounceable, herufi —
tamanio (ma-) (us. matamanio) see tamaa. nambaa, tambara a piece/length/
(ma-) 1. vowel. tamka.
ing; prancing, rearing (of horses). Cf. tamba. Cf.
strip/scrap of cotton cloth (calico). 2. an
tamasha* (— ma-) , 1. festival, entertainment,
old article of clothing, piece of old cloth, tamia, atamia, otamia, (rare) latamia 1. sit
festivity, sikukuu ya uhuru ilikuwa na — nambo (— ), utambo sing, length, width;
rag. Cf. kitambaa, utambaa. on eggs, brood, hatch. 2. fig. , rare bring
nyingi. The independence holiday was height, tallness, stature; distance. Cf. ki-
celebrated with great festivity. 2. show, tambo.

tambara (ma-) see "tambaa. a hen. Cf. ôta.
pageant, spectacle.
tambarajika 1. be old/worn-out. 2. be •"tambo (ma-) 1. riddle, enigma. 2. secret tamka pronounce, articulate,
fig. 1. analitamka
tamati* (— ) liter, finis, end (of a story or feeble/decrepit. ^ tambaa. language. tambua.
Cf. Cf. neno hili vibaya. He does not pronounce
performance). Cf. * tama. this word well. 2. accent, stress, empha-
tambarare (— ) geogr. plain. nchi ya — ''tambo (ma-) strength, vigor, ana — . He is size. 3. express something publicly, de-
tamauka* be satisfied/appeased (of desires). level land.
powerful /muscular. clare, announce. Cf. tamfu, tamko, ma-
Cf. tamaa.
tamko.
tambarisha caus. of Hambaa.
tamboa (ma-) anat. testicle. (= pumbu, ko-
tamba 1. dance, leap (as in the triumphal
rodani.) tamko, tamshi (ma-) (us. matamko, matamshi)
dance of warriors). 2. fig. strut, swagger. tambaza caus. of 'tambaa.
1. pronunciation, articulation, ana ma-
3. boast (of a success, one's prowess,
tambua 1. recognize, 2, remember. 3. per- tamko ya kigeni. He has a foreign (incor-
tambazi 1. adj. creeping, crawling. 2. (ma-)
personal appearance, etc.), be exultant, rect) pronunciation. accent, stress.
ceive, understand, asitambuke. be un- 2,
Mariamu alikuwa wa med. a spreading skin-disease, phlegmon.
glory (in something).
known, be unrecognized, remain incognito. 3. rare declaration, announcement, state-
Cf. ^tambaa, mtambazi, utambazi.
kwanza darasani, mwetu na sikuhizi anata- ment. Cf. tamka.
appl. tambulia. intr. tambulika. be well-
mba ajabu. Mary was first in our class,
known/remarkable, intr.-ass. tambulikana.
and she boasts a lot these days. Cf. '•iambi (— ) noodle, macaroni. Cf. utambi. tamshi (ma-) see tamko.
be re cognizable/memorable /understandable/
Itambo, ^kitambi, mtambatamba.
distinctive, caus. tambulisha. make
tambi pi. of utambi. known, determine; explain; point out, iden- tamthili* (— ) similarity, analogy.
Hambaa 1. creep, crawl, move forward un-
tify; guess, make out, decipher, ass. ta-
steadily, mtoto anatambaa. The child tambika ethn. make a sacrifice/offering to tamu* adj. /adv. 1. sweet, maji matamu.
mbuana. baada ya kukutana walitambuana.
crawls around. 2. crawl, wriggle (of rep- propitiate the spirits of the dead (mizimu). sweet water (in contr. w. salt water).
After they had met they recognized each
tiles), fig. ugonjwa utambaao. a creep- Cf. tambiko, mtambikaji, mtambiko. 2. pleasant, agreeable; appetizing, good
other. Cf. tambuzi, kitambulisho, mata-
ing sickness. 3. twist, twine, mimea (of foods), maneno matamu. pleasant
mbuzi, mtambuzi, utambulisho, utambuzi.
inayotambaa. creeping/twining plants. tambiko (ma-) 1. a sacrifice /offering (ani- words, chakula kitamu. tasty /appetizing
4. stretch, extend, pori linatambaa. The mals, fowls, beer, cloth) made to propitiate foods (not necessarily sweet). 3 mild,
tambuu*, dhambu und., Pers. J (— ) betel.
savannah stretches out a long way. the spirits of the dead, mara nyingi watu jani la — . betel leaf, tafuna — . chew betel. gentle, upepo mtamu. a gentle breeze.
5. fawn, curry favor. oppZ. tambalia. wakiisha tambika, hunywa pombe ya — Cf. mtambuu. 4. adv. in a pleasant way. anasema
510 tandf tanda 511 tangi
He speaks pleasantly. (— also tanda. jitanda nguo. cover oneself with tandaza caus. of tanda. tangaa be spread/circulated, become (widely)
utamu. 5° ;
tamutamu) candy, confectionery, dessert, a garment, intr. tandika = tanda. tandi- known, habari hizi zimetangaa ulimwengu
utamu. ka kitanda. make a bed. tandika mikeka. tandiko (ma-) 1. cover(ing). matandiko ya ki- mzima. These reports have been spread
Cf.
spread mats, tandika punda. harness a tanda. bedding, bedclothes. 2. mat, mat- over the entire world, caus. tangaza.
tamutamu (— ) see tamu 5. donkey, caus. tandaza, tandisha, spread tress, carpet. 3. saddlery. Cf. tanda. make known, spread, publish, propagate,
out, stretch out (often
= tanda), tandaza tangaza biashara. advertise, caus.-appl.
tamvua (ma-), utamvua sing, fringe, tassel. mtama. spread out millet (to dry), stat. tando 1. (ma-) (also tandu) something spread tangazia. make something known, caus.-
Cf. chambua. tandama. lie stretched out. mamba anata- out. — la buibui. spider web (= tandabui). ass. tangazana. make acquainted with
ndama juani. The crocodile is lying — la macho, med. cataract (lit.: eye mem- each other. Cf. tangazo, mtangazi, uta-
l
-tana (,ma-) Duncn oi Dananas,
—
<_,/.
1 .
cnana.
stretchfd out in the sun. stat. -ass. ta- Kr»n»^ 9 f m<,-1 i, J. ll.:.J ./ I 1
ndamana, be extended/drawn out full 3. (— ) swarm, pack. Cf. tanda.
length, inv. tandua, take off, uncover. tangamana, changamana stat.-ass, of *changa.
tana see chana.
tandua kitanda. strip a bed. tandua punda. nandu* LPers.J (— ) centipede.
unharness a donkey, inv.-appl. tandulia. tangamano (ma-) see changamano.
tanabahi* 1. pay attention, notice, observe.
inv.-intr. tanduka. inv. -caus. tanduza.
2. be awake /alert/on one's guard/ready. Aandu (ma-) see tando.
Cf. tandaa, tandabui, tandiko, tando, tangambili (— ) rare period of changing winds
3. understand. Cf. nabihi.
tanzi, kitanda, kitandiko, kitanzi, mtanda, (between the southwest and the northeast
tandua inv. of tanda.
mtande, mtandio, mtando, utando, utanzi. monsoons; lit. two sails). (= maleleji.)
tanadhari* be on one's guard, take care,
be cautious. Cf. nadhari. Manga, tangatanga be idle, waste time; wander

tandaa 1. be spread out/scattered over a tangatanga see Hanga.
about aimlessly, loiter, lounge around, siku
large area. 2. be wide/open (a plain,
tanafusi* breathe, catch one's breath; sigh. hizi hana kazi anatangatanga ovyo. He has no
etc.). Cf. tanda. tangawizi (— ) ginger, Cf. mtangawizi.
Cf. nafasi, nafsi. work at present and lounges around, caus.
tangisha, tangaza. 1. cause to be idle. 1 1
tandabelua* (— ) see tanta. tangaza caus. of
t
tanga.
tanaki* {.Engl.l (ma-) see tangi. 2. = tanga. nango, *kitango, mtanga-
Cf.
tanga, ^mtango.
tandabui (— ) 1. spider web. 2. a membrane
caus. tangaza caus. of tangaa.
tanasara* be converted to Christianity,
sometimes covering the head of an infant
tanasarisha. convert someone to Christian- 9
at birth. 3. fig.: macho yangu yameingia tanga (ma-) naut. sail, tweka — . set sail.
tangazo (ma-) 1. announcement, proclama-
ity.
— . I cannot see clearly. My eyes are tua/kunja — . lower/take in sail,
tion, publication. — la serikali. govern-
clouded over, (lit.: My eyes are covered
ment proclamation. 2. notice, advertise-
tanashati* adj. clean, neat, pretty, well-
by a membrane.) Cf. tanda, buibui. ''tanga (ma-) (us. matanga) ment. —
(period of formal) la biashara, business advertise-
dressed. Cf. mtanashati, utanashati.
mourning (3-10 days, during which friends of ment. 3. information, advertising, propa-
tandala (— ) zool. tandala (greater kudu). ganda, publicity.
the deceased sleep in the house of mourning). Cf. tangaa.
tanboi* [Engl.l (ma-) see taniboi.
weka (kaa) matanga, lala — . to observe (this
tandama stat. of tanda. practice of) mourning. tangi*, lanki, tanaki [Engl. J (ma-) tank,
cover, kumetanda. It is overcast/
tanda 1.
ametandikwa
reservoir. — la mafuta (maji). oil (water)
cloudy, fig. strike, beat,
tandarua (— ) see chandalua. tank.
He has received four blows with tanga pi. of utanga.
fimbo nne.
a stick. 2. spread out, extend, reft, ji- tandawaa 1. be silent/taciturn. 2. be thought-
ful/pensive/melancholy. appZ. tandawalia.
)
tango 512
513 tapishi
Itango (ma-) idling, loitering, loafing, tanguo (ma-) see tanguko. tanuri* (— ) see tanuu.
tapa, dapa {us. red. tapatapa, dapadapa)
vagrancy. Cf. tanga.
1. shudder, tremble, shiver, quiver. 2. be
^tani, tanitani adv.: kwa — . on the back, tanuru* (— ) see tanuu. startled, take fright. 3. make excuses,
nango (ma-) (kind of) cucumber. Cf. *mtango. backwards, sideways, askew. Cf. chali. talk evasively /confusedly. - kwa hofu
tanuu*, tanuru, tanuri, tanu, tano (— ) lime- (baridi). tremble from fright (cold), refl.
kiln, furnace, choma — burn lime. — la
''tango (ma-) gutter, eaves. tani* L Engl. J (— ) ton. fig.: ana — sana.
.
jitapa. shake, have a chill/ague; hop/jump
kuba. cupola furnace.
He is very strong. around. appZ. tapia. 1. run away (from
tangu prep. (= toka, kutoka.) 1. since. fear). 2. be eager/greedy for something.
— — tanzi (— ma-) (also kitanzi,vi-) noose, loop, Qf kitapo ^ mtapo.

since when?
,
lini? miezi mitano. for tania* be on familiar terms with someone,
five months. 2. from. — lini mpaka lini? treat someone as a friend or relative, ass.
— now — la samaki. catch/haul of fish, ametiwa napa (ma-) tapa (leaf of the mvumo
from when to when? leo. from on, taniana. Cf. mtani, utani, watani. or
— in the past, a — . He was hanged. Cf. tanda, kitanzi, mnazi, sometimes used as a protection
in future. hapo mbeleni.
utanzi. against rain).
long time ago. taniboi*, tanboi lEngl. J (ma-) helper (on a
bus, truck), loader, unloader (one who loads
tanzia* (— ) funeral announcement, death- tapakaa be scattered/spread,
tangua do away with, abolish, cancel, annul, or unloads baggage or merchandise on a bus ugonjwa ume-
revoke, suspend, invalidate. — deni. pay or truck and who sits in the back, not with notice, amepala — . He has received a tapakaa nchi nzima. The disease has
o
— sheria. repeal a law. death-notice, pa mkono wa — . pay someone spread over the entire country.
off/amortize a debt. the driver). Cf. tani, boi. Cf. ta-
— break off a friendship, intr. ta- a visit of condolence, express one's sym- panya, tawanya.
urafiki.
pathy (on the occasion of a death).
nguka. Cf. tanguko, kitanguo.
tapanya 1. scatter, disperse. 2. waste,
abolishment, cancella- tanki* (ma-) see tangi. nanzu (ma-) rare branch, bough. (- tawi.) squander. 3. allow to go bad/spoil.
tanguko, tanguo (ma-)
tion, annulment, suspension, abolition, abro- — mapesa. waste money. — chakula. al-
gation, repeal, revocation. — la ndoa. di- *tano (rare tanu) num. five, —a — . fifth.
nanzu
low food to spoil, intr. tapanyika. nchi
pi. of utanzu.
vorce. Cf. tangua. Jumatano. Wednesday. Cf. kitano. imetapanyika. The country is inundated.
intr. -ass. tapanyikana. scatter/disperse

tanzua 1. open. — macho, open the eyes.
go before, precede. 2. lead, take in various directions, caus. tapanyisha.
tangulia 1. Aano* (— ) see tanuu. 2. uncover, expose, detect. — jambo gumu.
the lead. 3. anticipate, forestall, alita- Cf. tapakaa, tawanya.
explain a difficult thing. — siri. reveal a
ngulia kuniambia. He was the first to tell tanta*, tantabelua, tandabelua \_Ind. J (— secret, intr. tanzuka. 1. be opened/ex-
He was born before noise, row, disturbance. tapatapa see ^tapa.
me. amenitangulia jua.
posed/revealed, jambo halitanzuki. The
me (is older than I), caus. tanguliza.
matter has been cleared up. 2. be clear.
(— ) see tapika 1. vomit, be nauseated, caus. ta-
cause to go before, give precedence/prefer- tantabelua* tanta.
kumetanzuka. It is clear (
= not cloudy).
put one- pisha. 2. fig. pour out a torrent of griev-
ence to. caus.-refl. jitanguliza.
own interests, ances or abuse; orate vociferously. Cf.

self forward, lookout for one's l tanu
tao (ma-) 1. bend, twist, curve. — la mto.
tapishi, tapisho, matapishi, mtapishi,
defend oneself. Cf. tangulifu, kitangulizi, — curve of a road.
bend of a river. la njia.
mtapisho, utapishi.
mtangulizi, utangulizi, yaliyotangulia. nanu* (— ) see tanuu. piga (fanya) — . bend, twist. 2. arch,
vault. 3. math, arc, sector (of a circle).

tangulifu adj. 1. leading, eminent; important, ^^ Qpen wide> widen> expand; increase> en _
tapishi, tapisho (ma-) 1. nausea, vomiting.
abusive/obscene language, pro-
significant. 2. early, premature. Cf. ta-
^^ _ kjnywa> Qpen the mouth wide=
2. fig.
fanity. Cf. tapika.

ngulia. — miguu. take long steps. appZ. tanulia.
intr. tanuka.
) )
51f
tapisho 514 tarawehi
taraza*, tarizo, daraza (— ) (embroidered)

tapisho (ma-) 1. - tapishi. 2. pharm. tarajali* (ma-) rare apprentice, trainee. naruma* (ma-) eth. tattooing of the face
= mwanafunzi.) border/edging, Cf. tarizi. (as a tribal mark).
emetic. Cf. tapika. (
tarazaki* see ruzuku. [ Engl. J trumpet.

*tapo* taraji* (& appl. tarajia) wish, desire; hope tarumbeta* (ma-) 1.
[.Turk. J (ma-) 1. crowd, host (of
for, expect, intr. tarajika. Cf. taraja, 2. danger signal.
people); herd (of animals). 2. mil. divi-
tarazia* (— ) tarazia (kind of dance).
sion. matarajio.
tasa* (— ) tasa (a metal bowl or basin used

tarazo* (— ) see darizi.
taraju* [Pers.J (-) rare 1. scales, balance. for washing the hands before and after
^tapo (ma-) tapo (kind of nut).
= mizani.) 2. equilibrium, harmony.
( fig. meals). Cf. bakuli.
tarbushi* (— ) tarboosh, fez.
tapureta* L Engl. I (— ) rare = taipu.
tarakanya* search for.
Aasa* 1. adj. barren, sterile. 2. sing.
tarehe*, tarihi (— ) 1. date; date of birth.
taraa*, taaraa conf., rare if, — akija. if he (also utasa) sterility.
2. chronology; chronicle, history, bitare-
tarakibu* (-) plan, design, pattern, model;
comes. he... dated... (in letters).
sample. Cf. ^rakibu.
''tasa dial, (always w. neg.) not yet
taraba* rule by force/despotically. (+ another verb), sitasa kufanya kazi.
tarakiki* adj., rare narrow, slender, slim. Itari* LPers.J (— ) 1. small drum, tambou-
(~
I have not yet finished the work.
embamba.) rine, 2. tari (a dance for exorcising spirits).
tarabe* (— ): mlango wa — . double door.
tarakimu* (— ) (written) number, figure, nu- ''tasa caus. of tata.

nan* pi. of utari.
tarabu* (— ) tarabu (instrumental music with
meral; digit. — za kirumi. Roman numerals.
singing). Cf. mutribu. (—
tasawari* 1. be capable/competent. 2.
tarigia* (— ) rare periodical, magazine.
tarare (— ) wild plant (which has seeded practicability, feasibility; competence.
itself). = gazeti.)
(
taradadi*, taladadi 1. wander around, walk
about aimlessly. 2. hesitate, be uncertain, tasbihi* (— ) Isl. 1. prayer-beads, rosary.
taratibu* (— ) 1. (also utaratibu) order, or- tarihi* (— ) see tarehe.
be perplexed/at a loss. 3. (— ) indecision, sala — say prayers by a rosary. 2. praise.
ganization; system, structure; method, pro- .
vacillation. maua ya — a kind of flower.

cedure. — ya masomo. class schedule.
tariki* (— ) rare road, street, highway. ( = njia.)
3.: . Cf.
— ya lugha. linguistic structure. 2. com- mtasbihi.

taradhia* 1. warn, remonstrate; give advice.
posure, collectedness, self-possession.
tarishi* (ma-) messenger, courier; postman.
2. reproach, reprimand. 3. see radhi. 3. adv. (also kwa — ) in an orderly tashtiti* 1. annoy, tease, provoke. 2. (—
Cf. utarishi.
fashion, systematically; composed, self- provocation, incitement, instigation,
tarafa*, tarafu (— ) 1. district. 2. part, share;
possessed, sema — ! Speak slowly! Cf.
weave a border, make an em-
tarizi*, darizi
business, duty. 3.: min — , mintarafu. prep,
ratibu. tashwishi* (— ) doubt, uncertainty, confusion.
broidered edging. Cf. taraza.
concerning, regarding, about, shikwa (patwa) na — . have doubts/mis-
taraweha* (— ) see tarawehi. givings. Cf. shawishi.

tarjisi* sing., rare education, training.
tarafu* (— ) see tarafa.
tarawehi*, taraweha (— ) I si. tarawehi (a long Itasi, tafi (— ) tasi (a kind of clamp used for
(— ) hope, expectation, wish. taruma* (ma-) support, cross-beam, prop;

taraja* Cf. ta-
prayer pronounced after sunset during smoothing rope after it has been twisted).
(naut.j rib (of a ship); spoke (of a wheel);
raji. Ramadhan).
(railw.) tie, sleeper. 2 tasi (-) tasi (kind of fish). (= ^hafi.)
.
tasifida 516 taufiki taulo 517 tawili
tasifida* see afidi complication, difficulty, annoyance; con- taulo* [Engl.l (-) towel, pangusa kichwa vikundi vinavyotawala. governmental/offi-
fusion, disorder. — la maneno. a confused kwa -. dry the head with a towel. cial circles, appl. tawalia. caus. tavva-
tasihili* 1. adv. quickly, speedily, hastily. comment. Cf. tatanisho, matata, matatizo, za, tawalisha. cause to rule, put in power;
2. (— ) words of farewell (before leaving on mtatio, utasi, utata. taumu* (ma-) naut. prop, shore. install in office, inaugurate, caus.-pass.
a journey). Cf. sahala. tawazwa. Cf. kuji tawala, mtawala, u tawa-
tataga 1. cross (a street, river). 2. cross, tauni* (-) med. 1. cholera, (bubonic) plague. la, ujitawala.
taslimu* 1. (—) (payment in) cash. 2. adv. fold (the arms). 3. walk quickly/with long 2. in gen. epidemic. - ya mnyama.
in cash, lipa — . pay in cash, nunua — strides. Cf. mtataga. cattle plague, hoof-and-mouth disease. tawanya 1. strew, scatter. — mbegu. sow
buy for cash. Cf. salamu, salimu. seeds. 2. fig. throw away, waste, squan-
tatai* adj. sly, wily, cunning, deceitful. taurati* (-) see torati. der. — mali. waste/dissipate property.
tasliti* 1. betray, deceive, lead astray. 2. an- intr. tawanyika. pass, tawanywa. wa-
noy, incite, stir up trouble. — hata wata wa- tatanisha ass.-caus. of tata. tausi*, dausi (— ) peacock. fanya kazi walitawanywa na polisi. The
nagombana. stir things up until people be- workers were dispersed by the police.
tatanisho, tatizo (ma-) (also mtatizo, mi-)
gin to quarrel. Cf. salata, saliti. tawa* 1. stay at home/indoors; live in retire- red. tawanyatawanya (w. int. force), dis-
confusion, complexity, difficulty; crisis.
ment/seclusion; be isolated. perse, scatter, break up. Cf. tawanyiko,
2, lead a
tatizo la uchumi. economic crisis. Cf.
tasua caus.-inv. of tata. pious/religious life; lead a quiet/moral/ex- mtawanya, mtawanyo; also tapanya.
tata.
emplary life. caus. tawisha. keep someone
taswira* (— ) 1. drawing, picture, portrait. at home, anamtawisha mkewe. He keeps tawanyiko (ma-) 1. (act of) scattering,
tatanua ass. -inv. of tata.
2. fig.: — ya dunia. surface of the earth. his wife at home. 3. adj. retired, secluded, throwing away, wasting. 2. fig. devas-
Cf. savviri. solitary; religious, pious, devout. ki-
tation. Cf. tawanya.
crackle, snap. 2. chatter, Cf.
tatarika 1. fig.
tawa, mtawa, utawa.
babble.
tata 1. complicate, tangle, confuse, make dif- tawasrfu* provide information (on a person's
ficult, intr. be confused/in confusion, appl. "Hawa*

character, etc.). Cf. wasifu.
tatiza appl.-caus. of tata. (— ) frying pan.
tatia. confuse, complicate; wrap, wind, ta-
tia kilemba. wind a turban, ass. tatana. be tawasufi* (— ) 1. moderation, abstinence.

tatizo (ma-) see tatanisho. ''tawa (-) tawa (kind of fish).
tangled/interlaced; (fig.) be dumbfounded/ 2. rel. pious/secluded life. Cf. wasifu.
speechless, ass.-caus. tatanisha. confuse/

tatu num. three, —a — . third. Jumatatu. tawadha* rel. wash ceremonially (esp. the
perplex/astound someone, caus. tasa (& tawaza* caus. of tawala.
Monday. Cf. utatu. feet: — miguu).
appl.-caus. tatiza). perplex, astound (= ta-
tanisha); intrigue, meddle, stir up. inv. ta- tawi (ma-), kitawi (vi-), utawi (tawi & ma-)
tatua inv. of tata. tawafa* (-) candle; candlestick, candelabrum.
tua. untangle, unwind, loosen; solve; tear 1. branch, frond, bough, matawi.
up, pull apart, split, rip. inv. -appl. tatulia. branches. 2. cluster, bunch. — la
tatuka inv.-intr. of tata. tawakali* 1. hope, have hopes of something.
inv.-intr. tatuka. be unwound/untangled/ mwembe. bunch of bananas. 3. fig.
2. trust, rely on, have confidence in. Cf.
solved; be torn apart/split, inv.-caus. ta- branch, division, section. — jipya la
tatulisha inv.-caus. of tata. wakala, wakili.
tulisha. caus.-inv. tasua. explain, clarify; chama lafunguliwa. A new section of the
party has been started.
display, ass. -inv. tatanua. unwind, unravel; grace (of God).
taufiki* (— ) rel. tawala* rule, govern; come to power, kujita-
clear up (a misunderstanding, disagreement),
wala. pol. self-government, sehemu ina- tawili* adj., rare long, tall. (= refu.) Cf.
solve (a problem). 2. (ma-) {us. matata)
yojitawala wenyewe. autonomous region. tawilisha, tuili.
tawilisha 518 tegemea tegemeo 519 tekenv
tawilisha* lengthen, prolong. — mkutano. pro- tazamo (ma-) look, glance, gaze. Cf. ta- is dependent on his father. confide in a
4. pillage. - mji. plunder a city appl. tekea.
long a meeting (unnecessarily). Cf. tawili. zama. person, take someone into one's confidence.
pass, tekwa, tekewa. tekewa akili. lose
ass. tegemeana. depend on each other, be one's mental powers, caus. tekeza, teke-
tawireni* interj. see taileni. tebo* \_Engl. J (— ) table. — ya kujumlisha. interdependent, caus. tegemeza. support/ leza. attract, bewitch, hold spellbound.
arith. addition table. protect someone; make someone a prote'ge/ 3. (ma-; us. pi.) booty, captive. ma-
Cf.
Maya (ma-), kitaya (vi-), utaya (taya) anat. favorite, pass, tegemewa. Cf. tegemeo. teka, mteka.
teende (ma-) see * tende.
jaw, jawbone.
tegemeo (ma-) prop, support; protection, patron- tekanya: —miguu. cross the legs.
tefu adj. soft, tender, nyama — . tender
age. Cf. tegemea.
^taya* blame, rebuke, reproach. Cf. tayo.
meat, chakula kitefu. soft food.
^teke (ma-) kick, piga — . to kick.
— tegemeza caus. of tegemea.
tayari* LPers.j adj. ready, prepared, fanya
tega 1. set up, prepare, put in position.
make ready, prepare, weka — . provide, fur-
— —
mtego. set a trap. uchumi. invest neke (us. teketeke, tikitiki) adj. 1. soft.
nish, make available, saa — . The time is
— prick up one's ears,
tego, tegu (ma-) 1. med. tapeworm. 2.: ma-
(money). sikio. matunda mateke. soft fruit, 2. pliable,
up. Cf. tayarisha, matayarisho, utayari. tegu. rec. typographical error, misprint.
(get ready to) listen. 2. entrap, catch; flaccid, flabby. 3. yielding, compliant,
(fig.) deceive, plot, intrigue. 3. prepare without character, mtu mteke. a weak/
tayarisha* LPers.j make ready, prepare. Cf. — nego (ma-) (dangerous) charm, magic.
a charm/spell, perform witchcraft. ki- spineless person.
tayari.
tendawili. ask ariddle. kitendawili! Cf. tega.
— tega! Here is a riddle! — Go ahead and tekea appl. of teka.

tayibu* see taibu. tegu (ma-) see
ask it! appl. tegea. intr. tegeka. caus. lego.
tegesha. inv. tegua. 1. remove/release tekelea 1. arrive at, reach. 2. be achieved/

tayo* (ma-) reproach, rebuke, criticism. Cf.
something that has been put in position/ tegua inv. of tega. attained/brought to a conclusion; be ful-
o
^taya. release
prepared to go off. tegua mtego. filled/carried out. ahadi imetekelea. The
a trap, let it go off. tegua chungu. take Meguka inv. -intr. of tega. promise was kept. caus. tekeleza, tekeza.
taz (abbr. of tazama) look at! see!
a pot off the fire, tegua uchawi. take fulfill, accomplish; bring to a conclusion.
off/lift a spell, make a charm ineffective, pass, tekelewa. Cf. lekelezo.
"neguka see leuka.
tazama 1. look (at), observe, see. 2. exa-
2. sprain (the ankle, etc.). inv.-app. te-
mine, investigate; try, test. — mtego. look
teguka. Aego,
gulia. inv. -intr. Cf. tekeleza caus. of tekelea.
tegukiwa see teuka.
at a trap (to see if anything has been caught).
2tezo, mtegaji, mtego.
— nyama. inspect meat. appl. tazamia,
tekeiezo (ma-) fulfillment, completion,
look into, investigate (something); (eth.)
Hehemu* 1. be debilitated/emaciated (by
tege, chege (ma-) crookedness, curvature. realization. Cf. tekelea.
consult a divining board, take omens; scru- sickness). 2. be unable to do something.
ana — la miguu. He is bowlegged. Cf.
tinize, check on. kitu cha kutazamia. some- matege.
^tekenya tickle, itch. ass. tekenyana.
thing that one looks through (e.g., a tele- Hehemu* see tuhumu.
pass, tekenywa.
scope), tazamia kazi. check over work. intr.
tegemea 1. support/prop oneselfon some-
tazamika. be good/pleasant to look at; be thing, lean against. — mkongojo. support teitei* L.? J (ma-) (fashionable) frock/gown,
worth looking at/noteworthy, caus. taza- take a rest, re- evening gown. tekenya (ma-) see Heke nywa.
oneself with a stick. 2.
misha. attract attention, be attractive, refl. lax. 3. rely/depend on someone; receive

ji taz am a. look at oneself (in a mirror). Cf. support from someone; be dependent on teka 1. take up and carry away. — maji kisi- ^tekenywa, tekenya (ma-) sand flea,
{
tazamo, mtazamaji, mtazamo. someone, anamtegemea baba yake. He mani. draw water from a well, 2. plunder, chigger. (= funza.)
tekenywa 520 telemuko telemusha 521 tende
* anateleza. The fish is slippery. Cf. ute- telemusha caus. of telemua. display, advertise (merchandise).
tekenywa pass, of tekenya Cf.
lezi; also telemua, matembezi, mtembezi, tembezi, utembezi.
televishen* LEngl. J (— ) television.
teketa 1. grind/gnash the teeth, crunch.
telefonj* LEngl.j (— ) rare telephone. tembezi (ma-) (us. matembezi) walk, stroll;
2. gnaw, gnaw through. 3. hollow out, en-
= Jsimu.) piga — to telephone. teleza caus. of telea.
large a hole (by twisting a knife or tool).
( . trip, tour; wandering, gadding about; irregu-
lar/immoral living; vagrancy. Cf. tembea.
Heleka 1. put on the fire. — chungu. put a teli* LPers.j (— ) gold (or silver) thread/
teketea 1. be used up/consumed. 2. be (com-
braid.
nyumba pot on the fire. 2. boil, cook. appZ. te- *tembo (— ) palm wine (made from the
pletely) destroyed (us. by fire), hii fer-
lekea. caus. telekeza. 1.

= teleka.
imeteketea. This house has burned down. mented sap of the coconut palm).
cans, teketeza. consume, destroy,
9
i,
I --!
nave a ureal
. . - j
,..1^,^.^.
._„.
„,,,.,.
.„l„l„.„
.„.*,.* — telki*, dalki \_lnd. J adv. quickly, at a trot.
(us.) tekua. take off the fire. enda — . go at a trot, run.

ruin, watu wameteketezwa na vita. Many 'nembo (— ) elephant, mkonga wa — . trunk
people were wiped out in the war. Cf. mte- of the elephant.
keteo, uteketevu, uteketezo. Aeleka (— ) ornith. swallow. Mema spit (out), expectorate. — mate (kiko-
hozi). spit out saliva (phlegm), appl. te-

temsi* (— ) filigree work (in metal).
teketcke see Heke. telekeza 1. caus. of Meleka. 2. leave mea. intr. temeka. caus. temesha. Cf.
(behind), tumemtelekeza. We have left 2mtemi, ^mtemo.

tena* adv. 1. then, next, further, afterwards,
tekeza caus. of teka. him behind. in addition. 2. again, repeatedly, nime-
tema cut (up, into strips), chop. — kuni. sema — na — . I have said it again and
teksi* [firc^Z. ] (-) taxi. telemka intr. of telemua. chop firewood. — nakshi. carve. appZ. again.
temea, intr. lemeka. caus. temesha.

telemko, telemuko, teremko, teremuko (ma-)
make, do, act, carry out, perform,
Hekua break up, destroy, ruin; undermine. Cf. Tntemi, mtemo. tenda 1.
slope, declivity, (abrupt) descent. Cf. te-
accomplish. do something to someone
kiteku. 2.
Cf.
lemua. (us. something bad or unfavorable), ameni-
Membe (— ) chicken, hen.
tenda. He has done something (harmful) to
nekua inv. of Meleka.
telemsha caus. of telemua. me. jitenda. 1. claim something for
refl.
^tembe (— ) house with a flat roof.
oneself. 2, pretend, feign. appZ. tendea.
tele* 1. (-) (large) quantity, plenty, abun-
telemua, teremua (cause to) go down/sink/
intr. tendeka. be done/accomplished; be
dance. 2. adj. much, many, abundant,
slip/fall. intr. telemuka, teremuka, tele- 3tembe (— ) dosage, pill.
quantity /num- feasible/practicable, caus. tendesha, te-
plenty of. 3. adv. in great
mka, teremka. go down, descend, slope;
— We ndeza. intr. -caus. tendekeza. make
ber, in abundance, kwetu chakula .
slip/slide (down a steep slope); land tembea 1. go walking, walk around, stroll.
feasible/possible, refl. -intr. -caus. jite-
have food in abundance, kikombe hiki ki-
(intr.). caus. telemusha, teremusha, te- 2. go on a trip, make a tour. — kwa moto-
= ma-
ndekeza. 1. make an effort, strive. 2. com-
mejaa — . The cup is brimfull. (
ingi,
kaa. take an automobile trip. 3. wander,
lemsha, teremsha. cause to descend, let
plete something successfully; graduate
ridhawa.)
down, lower; land (goods, troops). Cf. gad about, lead an irregular life. appZ. te-
(from school). Cf. tendo, kitendakazi, ki-
telea, telemko, kitelemsho, mtelemko. mbelea. go to visit, call on someone.
tendawili, kitende, kitendo, matendo,
telea 1. slide, slip, skid. 2. come down,
appl.-refl. jitembelea. go on a pleasure
mtenda, mtendaji, mtendo, mtenzi, utenda-
descend, caus. teleza. slide, slip
telemuka intr. of telemua. trip; go for a stroll, saunter about, appl.-
ji, utende, utenzi.
(= telea); (intr.) be slick/slippery, mimi each other, caus.
ass. tembeleana. visit
nimeteleza. I slipped and fell, barabara
telemuko (ma-) see telemko. tembeza. 1. take for a walk. 2. hawk,
Hende, teende (ma-) med. elephantiasis.
inateleza. The street is slick, samaki
tende 522 tengenezo tengo 523
tengo (ma-) (us. matengo) naut. outrigger. teremesha caus. of terema.

''tende (-) date (fruit of the date palm, tengamajj (ma-) watershed, divide.
mtende). Cf. Henga, maji.
tengua inv. of tenga. teremka intr. of telemua.
tendegu (ma-) leg of a bedstead. tenge (—) 1. curve, crookedness. 2. fig.

tengura disdain, scorn; offend, insult, debase, teremko (ma-) see telemko.
confusion, excitement, bewilderment.
dishonor.
tendeti (— ) tendeti (a kind of pastry made of
teremsha caus. of telemua.
rice and coconut juice). tengea see tengenea.
tenisi* [ZsrcgZ. ] (_) sport, tennis, cheza -.
play tennis. teremua see telemua.
tendo (ma-) act, action, deed; cause, effect; tengemaa (also ass. tengemana) settle down,
enicacy, innuence. Cf. ieuua. be restored to "eace te."-., of n rnn.nt.rv
teo (— ) sling (for throwing stones). teremuka intr. of teiemua.

after a natural catastrophe or a war).
Menga 1. divide off, separate, split off. 2. de- Cf. tengemano, matengemano, utengemano.
teremuko (ma-) see telemko.
lay, postpone. 3. put aside, remove, 4. dis-
Aeo pi. of uteo.
miss, discharge (from a position). 5. avert,

tengemano (ma-), utengemano sing, peace,
teremusha caus. of telemua.
tranquillity, stabilization, normalcy, (re- 1
prevent. 6. confiscate. 7. rel. excommun- tepe*. utepe \_Engl.~] (ma-) tape, ribbon,
stored) prosperity. Cf. tengemaa.
icate, refl. ji tenga. 1. seclude oneself. braid, chevrons (on uniforms, etc.).
tesa distress, hurt, trouble, torment, tease,
amejitenga na wenzake. He has secluded
persecute, appl, tesea. intr. teseka.
tengenea (rare tengea) 1. be in order, be o
himself from his friends. 2. deviate from a ^tepe, tepetepe adj. many, numerous. caus. tesesha. ass. tesana. ass. -caus.
in good shape, mashauri yake sasa yame-
route/course. 3. move aside, get out of the
tesanya. cause dissension/strife, make
tengenea. His affairs are now in order.
way. appl. tengea. intr. tengeka. caus. tepeta see tepetea. people hostile toward each other, stir up
2. be usable/suitable, be ready for use.
tengesha. inv. tengua. 1. often - tenga.
trouble. Cf. teso, mtesi, utesi.
3. be regular/steady. Upepo umetenge-
2. (w. int. force) reduce to small pieces,
tepete, lepetevu adj. slack, flabby, flaccid,
nea. The wind is steady, caus. tenge-
chop up. tengua kitabu. read proof. 3. put limp; listless, languid, indolent. Cf. tepetea. tesanya ass.-caus. of tesa.
neza. 1. put in order/good shape; regu-
aside, remove, eliminate, tengua maneno.
late, correct; mend, repair; edit (a book,
refute arguments, tengua mtu. push aside/ tepetea (rare tepeta) be limp/listless/weak- teso (ma-) (us. mateso) suffering, pain,
etc.). tengeneza baisikeli (redio). repair
oust someone, inv. -intr. tenguka. fall
willed/indolent. Cf. tepete, mtepetevu, anxiety; persecution, harassment; mis-
a bicycle (radio). 2. settle, reach a de-
over on one side; be derailed (of a train).
utepetevu. fortune, misery, adversity; (rel.) passion.
cision (on something), baraza haitenge-
Cf. kitengo, matengano, ^mtenga, mtenga-
Cf. tesa.
no, mtengo, mtengwa, utengano, utengo. nazi mashauri haya. The council does
tepetepe see 'nepe.
not make decisions on these matters (i.e.,
teta 1. take energetic action, speak out

does not have jurisdiction), caus. -intr.
Henga (ma-) tenga (a very large flatfish; a tepetevu see tepete. forcibly, assert strongly. 2. dispute,
tengenezeka. saa imetengenezeka. The
sea monster). oppose, protest, contradict, tumeteta na.
watch has been repaired. Cf. tengenezo,
terafini* \_lnd. J (— ) turpentine. We disputed with them. 3. speak ill of
kitengeneza, matengenezo, mtengenezaji,
•'tenga (ma-) a carrying-net/basket. someone, talk behind someone's back,
utengenezaji, utengevu.
terema be carefree /cheerful/happy, appl. te- slander, appl. tetea. speak out strongly
remea and intr. teremeka = terema. caus. for or against someone; attack, contradict;
'Uenga rare descend, alight (of birds, in- tengenezo (ma-) (us. matengenezo) ar-
rangement, regulation; repair. Cf. te- teremesha. 1. make someone carefree/ support, defend (in a dispute), double
sects). (~ tua.)
ngenea. happy. 2. receive someone hospitably. appl. tetelea. double appl. -caus. tete-
Cf. mteremeshi, mteremo. leza cause strife/conflict, provoke

thabiti
thama 525 thibitisho
524
character. 3. genuine, true. Cf. thibiti,

opposition, intr. teteka. caus. tetesha. tetesi (ma-) whisper(ing); rumor, gossip. thelathini* num. thirty.
thubutu, mathubuti, uthabiti, uthubutifu.
ass. tetana. be enemies, quarrel. Cf. teto,
tetekuwanga. theluji* (— ) snow.
mateto, mtetaji, mtetea, utetezi, uteto. tetewanga (— ) see
thama* adv., rare then, after that; also, like-
wise, similarly. theluthi*, thuluthi

teto (ma-) {often mateto) 1. argument, plea. num. a third.
*tete (ma-) reed.
2. objection, protest. 3. excuse, evasion.
teta.
thamani* (-) value, price. - yake nini? What themani*, themanya num., rare eight.
Cf.
^tete (— ) grain that is formed but not yet fully is the value/price? —a — . valuable, pre- = nane.)
(
ripe. — za mtama. a grain of millet that has cious, amevaa nguo za — . She wears ex-
teua 1. pick out, select, choose. 2. (also
not fully ripened. pensive clothes, fig.: hana -. He is of no themanini* num. eighty.
.;_...__
tcuUka' 1
be {•jssy/hard to "lease/
value/is good for nothing. Cf. thamini.
critical, pass, teuliwa. Cf. teule, teuzi,
''tete pi. of utete. kiteuzi, mteua, mteule, mteuo, uteuzi. themantashara* num., rare eighteen.
thamini* 1. price, evaluate, appraise, assess, = kumi na nane.)
(
tetea cackle (of hens). estimate; (fig.) respect, appreciate. —

Iteuka, teguka, tegukiwa be sprained/dislo-
nyumba. appraise a house. 2. fig. form an themanya* see themani.
cated, mguu wangu umeteuka. My leg is
tetekuwanga, tetewanga, tetemaji (— ) med. estimate (of a person), characterize, intr.
sprained.
chicken pox. thaminika. caus. thaminisha. pass, thami- themuni*, thumni, thumuni num. an eighth.
niwa. Cf. thamani.
^teuka belch, burp, bubble (mostly of in-
tetelea double appl. of teta. thenashara* num., rare twelve. (= kumi na
fants after feeding). thamra* (— ) thamra (cloves in the first stage mbili.)
tetemeka) tremble, quiver, of growth).

tetema {& intr.
teule adj. select, choice, of the finest
shake. — kwa homa (hofu, hasira). tremble theneen* num., rare two. (= mbili, wili.)
quality. Cf. teua.
from fever (fear, anger). Cf. tetemeko, ki- thari* (— ) moisture, dampness.
tetemo, mtetemko. thibiti* 1. be firm/strong/hardy /durable.

teuzi adj. choosy, fastidious, dainty; thaura*, thawra (— ), kithaura (vi-) 1. tribal 2. fig. be steadfast/of strong character/
critical. Cf. teua.
tetemaji (-) see tetekuwanga. warfare, raiding. 2. pol., recent revolution. inflexible. 3. be brave/courageous/bold.
—a — . revolutionary, moyo za — . revolu- 4. be truthful/honest/upright, intr. thi-
trembling, shaking, Uezi* [.Pers.^l (ma-) naut. stern, poop tionary fervor, mpinga — caus.
tetemeko, tetemo (ma-) t
. counterrevolu- bitika. thibitisha. 1. strengthen,
tremor, convulsion. — la nchi {or la ardhi). (of a ship). tionary. make secure. 2. encourage, renew.
earthquake. Cf. tetema. 3. maintain, affirm, prove, establish,
^tezi (ma-) med. swelling, tumor, goiter. thawabu* (— ) 1. reward, recompense, gift. guarantee. Cf. thabiti, thibitisho.
tetemo (ma-) see tetemeko. 2. fig., rel. retribution, punishment.
thibitika* intr. of thibiti and thubutu.

Hezo (ma-) adze.
tetere (-) ornith. (species of) dove (Strepto- thawra* (— ) see thaura.
pelia capicola). thibitisha* caus. of thibiti and thubutu.

^tezo (ma-) harm, injury (caused by sorcery). =
thelatha* num., rare three. ( tatu.)
Cf. tega.
tetereka 1. swing, sway; stagger. 2. be un- thibitisho* (ma-) 1. guarantee, assurance.
be a little injured/ adj. 1. firm, strong, thelathashara* num., rare thirteen. = kumi 2. proof, evidence. thibiti.
certain/irresolute. 3. thabiti* {rare sabiti) ( Cf.
damaged, suffer a slight accident. secure. 2. steadfast, reliable, of strong na tatu.)

thubutu 526 tifutifu
527
thubutu* venture, risk, dare, have the courage/ tilika. caus. tilisha. pass. tiwa. tiwa
tii* 1. obey, submit, subordinate oneself,
audacity to do something, hathubutu kuifa- katika taabu. get into trouble. Cf. mtia, nikita see chikieha.
yapasa watoto kutii wazee wao. Children
nya mbele ya wazee wake. He doesn't dare mtiaji.
must obey their parents, intr. tiika. be
to do it before his parents, imp. thubutu! Mikiti (— ma-) watermelon.
, Cf. mtikiti.
obedient/submissive/docile, caus. tiisha.
I dare you to... intr. thubutika, thibitika. tiabu* (— ) tiabu (a game played with sticks).
subjugate, subdue, dominate, pass, tiiwa.
caus. thubutisha, thibitisha. Cf. thabiti,
(
= sikia, tumikia, nyenyekea.) 2. adj. = ^tikiti*, tikti \_Engl. ] (-) ticket, pass.
thibiti, mathubuti, uthubutifu. tiara* (— ) kite (children's toy).
tiifu. Itaa, tiifu, mtiifu, utii.
— yaposta. postage stamp.
Cf.
o
thuluthi* see theluthi. Hiba*, tahibia (— ) medicine. Cf. utabibu. tikitiki see teke.
tiifu*, tii adj. obedient, submissive; loyal,
^tibu, Mabibia, tabibu, utabibu.
discinlined. Cf. tii.
thun the tikiza endure, suffer, put up with, bear
tiba* sing, a term of endearment: dear, be- (pain, grief).

tiika* intr. of tii.
thumu*, saumu, tumu (— ) garlic. loved.
tikti* LEngl.l (-) see ^t ijkiti.

tiisha* caus. of tii.
thumuni* see themuni.
Mibu* treat medically, heal, cure. (- Habi-
tilatila adj. well mixed, variegated, cha-
bia.) mganga amenitibu. The doctor has tija* (— ) 1. income, earnings, profit, kazi
thurea* (— ) 1. chandelier. 2. astr. the
cured me.
kula cha — . various foods .mixed together.
appl. tibia, intr. tibika. hii haina — . This kind of work is unprofit-
Pleiades (= kilimia).
ugonjwa huu hautibiki. This disease is able. 2. wealth, prosperity. Cf. tijara.
Hiba, tilia appZ. of tia.
incurable, caus. tibisha. Cf. ta-
tia 1. put, set, lay, place. — nanga. cast
bibia, tabibu.
tijara* 1.
= tajiri. 2, (— ) wares, merchan-
anchor. — chumvi. salt (food). — mbolea. tilifika intr. of tilifu.
dise; profit.
fertilize, manure. — adabu. teach good
Aibu* (— ) tibu (a perfume prepared from
manners. — kazini. set to work seriously. tilifisha caus. of tilifu.
powdered sandalwood, rose water, and oil tike*, dike 1. adv. exactly, precisely.
— rangi. dye, stain. — saini. sign (a docu-
of cloves). 2. inter j. good! right!
ment). — alama. mark, designate, — jeraha tilifu 1. destroy, ruin. 2. give up, get rid
(kijeraha). inflict a wound. 2. apply, use, of, terminate, intr. tilifika. become less,
tibua 1. mix, stir up. intr. tibuka. be tikisa 1. shake, move back and forth. — mti.
bring to bear. — dawa. apply medicine. decrease, be lost. caus. tilifisha = tilifu.
muddy (of water). 2. fig. provoke, excite. shake a tree. 2. fig. agitate, disturb, ex-
— {or tilia) nguvu. strengthen, encourage.
Cf. matibwitibwi. cite, shock. — mtu kwa taabu. bother
— nguvuni. arrest, place in custody. tililila double appl. of tia.
someone with difficulties, appl. tikisia.
— moyo. encourage. — moyoni. reflect,
tifu 1. (ma-) dust, fine sand. 2. (also ti- intr. tikisika. nchi yote ilitikisika watu
consider seriously. 3. produce, cause. tilisika see tiririka.
futifu) crumbly, loose, friable, dusty, waliposikia kuwa kuna vita. The whole
— ugonjwa. cause an illness. — mashaka.
pulverized. Cf. tifua. country was excited when people heard that
raise doubts. — hofu. inspire fear. — fura- timamu* 1. (— ) completion, conclusion;
there was war. caus. tikisisha. Cf. mtiki-
ha (huzuni). cause joy (sorrow). — mimba. completed state. 2. adj. completed,
tifua make the dust rise, shake, stir up; pul-
make pregnant, refl. jitia. 1. devote one- finished; present (in full strength, with
verize; rummage about, appl. tifulia.
self to, occupy oneself with. 2, adapt one- perfect attendance), je watu wote —
intr. tifuka. caus. tifusha. Cf. tifu.
tikita 1. grind, pound, pulverize; masticate
self to. 3. pretend, feign, jitia ugonjwa. Are all the people present (with no ab-
(thoroughly). 2. fig. — usingizi. have a sences)? Cf. nimu.
feign illness, appl. tilia. double appl.
tifutifu see tifu 2.
sound sleep, appl. tikitia. int. tikitiza.
til ilia, tililia uzi. mend, darn. intr.
1. grind up fine. 2. roll the hips.
528 tindiga tindika 529
timazi* (— ) plummet, plumb bob; (sounding-) Itimu* 1. be completed/finished/concluded; tindika 1. cut/clip/lop off (plants). 2. end, tipitipi (— ) ornith. (species of) coucal.
lead; pendulum. conclude. 3. fail, run out, run short,
= dudumizi.)
be complete/perfect. 2. contain, be in- appl. (
cluded, us. appl. timia. fedha hazikuti- tindikia. run short of something, be defi-
Not money was there (i.e., the cient, tindikia chakula. run short of food, tipwa, tipwatipwa adj. strong, vigorous,
Himba (— ) string of beads, necklace. mia. all the
sum was not complete), watu wote wameti- have a food shortage, caus. tindikisha. sturdy, healthy.
mia. All the people are included (in a con- ass. tindikana. be cut off/separated/iso-
2timba (— ) sprouted grain (for making beer).
versation or discussion), caus. timiza. lated from each other; be dispossessed. tipwatipwa see tipwa.
complete, finish; include, double appl.-

^timba dial. = chimba.
carry out, perform, execute tindikali* [Pers.?] (-) solder. (= lehemu.) tiringa cut notches, notch, score.
caus. timiliza.
(e.g., a coruruui,, ,0^,^,^.^,.

• j .i rt
~,
•;„,„„,,,
,
timbe (— ) lump of metal, (rough) casting. tiririka, tilisika 1. glide, slide, slither
timilifu, utimilifu. tindo (— ) chisel.
(e.g., of a snake). 2. flow, trickle, drip.
Itimbi (ma-) see chimvi. tine (ma-) anat. glans penis. Cf. mtiririko.
^timu* [Engl. J (— ) sport team. — zote
mbili zilicheza kwa bidii sana. Both the

^timbi (— ) bracelet (of silver globules). tineja* L Engl. J teen-ager. tisa* num. nine, —a — . ninth.
teams played with great concentration.
timbua stir up (maize or millet, when being tinga {rare tingatihga) 1. shake, roll, toss, tisaini* rare see tisini.
timuka see Himka, ^timka.
pounded in a mortar, to keep it from stick- bob up and down, vibrate. 2. defeat, over-
come, get the better of. intr. tingika. caus. tisashara*, tisatashara num., rare nineteen.
ing). Cf. tibua.
tinda (ma-) string of beads, necklace. = kumi na kenda.)
tingisha. pass, tingwa. ametingwa na kazi. (
timia appl. of Himu. He is very busy/overworked. 3.: tingatinga

Ainda see chinja. tisatashara* see tisashara.
(ma-) arch, tractor (= trekta). Cf. tinge-
timilifu* adj. complete, finished; perfect, tinge, kitingisha.

tindanga 1. make one's way, push through tisau* num. a ninth.
faultless. Cf. Mimu.
(e.g., dense undergrowth or water), traverse
tingatinga (ma-) see tinga 3.
(with difficulty, against resistance). tisha 1. frighten, scare, intimidate, threaten.
timiliza appl.-caus. of ^timu.
2. shine through, barely show through 2. be timid/timorous/nervous. appZ. ti-
ting'ating'a (ma-) 1. tractor. 2. police car
(open places in thick vegetation). shia. intr. tishika. ass. tishana. Cf.
timiza caus. of timu. (with siren). 3. tunnel.
tisho, kitisho, mtishaji, utisho.
Itindi (ma-) spoke (of a bicycle wheel). tinge (— ) tinge (kind of dance).
Itimka, titimka, timuka 1. go at a trot, run
tishali* (ma-) see tishari.
(of animals). 2. run away, flee, simba ali-
polikaribia lile kundi ng'ombe wote wali- ^tindi adj. unripe, not fully grown (of grain). tingetinge, tingitingi (— ) bridge. Cf. tinga.
tishari*, tishali (ma-) naut. barge, lighter;
timka. When the lion approached that herd,
tug.
all the cattle ran away. tingitingi (— ) see tingetinge.
^tindi (ma-) see mtindi.
tisho (ma-) (also kitisho, vi-) terror, scare,

tindiga (-) tindiga (a thorny swamp plant). tini* (— ) fig. Cf. mtini.
^timka, timuka be ruffled/dishevelled (of
threat, menace, danger. Cf. tisha.
feathers, hair), caus. timsha.
tipati* \_Engl.J (—) rare tea party.
tisini* {rare tisaini) num. ninety.
. )
531 tofoa
530
— take toa 1. be lacking. The simple form occurs ^tobwe (ma-)

tisti* adv. firmly, immovably, simama — ukali. show courage/severity. 3. stupid person, fool.
— only as an auxil. forming the negative of
stand firm. out, remove; save (from something). ka- v.
zini. discharge from a job. — makosa. the infinitive, usually in the shortened form
''tobwe (ma-) see tobo.
(fine) muslin. correct errors, — hatarini. save from a kuto- (< kutoa). kutofanya. not do. kuto-
tisu* [.Engl, tissue?] (-)
danger. 4. take away, reduce; (math.) sema. not speak, siasa ya tofungamana.
tochi* lEngl. J (— ) 1. (electric) torch,
subtract, kumi kutoa tano ni tano. 10—5 policy of non-alignment, intr. toweka. be
tita 1. tie up in a bundle. 2. carry a bundle. flashlight. 2. (cigarette) lighter.
= 5. jitoa. 1. refuse, renounce, dis- lacking/absent, disappear; be beside one-
appl. titia. walk in a stooped position, be reft,
avow. 2. give in, yield, surrender; come self, caus. towesha. put out of the way;
bowed down (under a burden); be arched/ tofaa* (ma-) fruit of the rose-apple tree
down a peg. appl. tolea, tolia. 1. give ruin, destroy; dissipate, scatter. 2. (—
raised; stagger, break down (under a burden), (mtofaa, q.v.).
i
conapse. napu arum
, ii . . ...,-
iiiietiua.
T_ »L:
i" wn^ l
^*"<-~ to : % fake away/remove from; save from. lack, want; fault, defect. Cf. Itrivn. mtnvn.
jitolea. make sacrifices, vol- utovu.

mounded up. intr. titika. have refl.-appl. tofali*, tufali (ma-) brick, matofali ya ku-
the earth is
unteer, appl.-ass. toleana. 1. give to
a heavy burden (also fig.)- caus. titisha. choma. fired brick, matofali ya kuanika.
take away from each other. toamini* lack faith, distrust. Cf. 2t oa & âmini.
put a (heavy) burden on someone; cause to
each other. 2. mud brick, adobe, udongo wa matofali.
bundle (of pass, tolewa. be given out/published; be clay for brick-making.
stagger/collapse. 3. (ma-)
come/ toasi, toazi, tuwazi (ma-) mus. cymbal. Cf.
driven away /expelled, intr. toka. 1.
grass, firewood). Cf. mtitio.
nimetoka kazini. I kitoasi.
go out; get out, quit, tofauti, tafauti (— ) 1. difference, distinc-
am coming from work; I have quit my job.
riti (ma-) anat. nipple, teat. (= chuchu.) tion; discrepancy, hapana — . There is no
(a place), originate in. toazi* (ma-) see toasi.
2. come/be from difference. 2. difference of opinion, quar-
ametoka Unguja. He is from Zanzibar.
titiga 1. hit, beat. 2. stir vigorously, whip. rel, dispute, ana — nao. His opinion dif-
rid of, recover from, toba* (— ) 1. regret, remorse, repentance, con-
3. come away from, be fers from theirs, 3. fault, defect, nunua
recover from an illness. trition. 2. rel. confession, penance,
toka ugonjwani. samaki hawana — Buy these fish, they
titima roll, rumble, rattle, clatter. .
tokea. 1. come out, appear, omba — . ask forgiveness, siku za — . day

intr.-appl. are good (have no faults). 4. adj. /adv.
of forgiveness.
happen. 2. be saved from something.
titimka see Himka. different, dissimilar; not exactly what one
3. result from, be a result/consequence of.
expected/wanted, not up to standard.
1. cause to come out, tobo, tobwe (ma-) hole, opening. Cf. toboa.
intr.-caus. tokeza.
tiva (-) ornith. (species of) shrike (bou-bou,
make prominent. 2. (intr.) project, be
puffback). tofautiana ass. of tofautisha.
prominent, intr.-caus.-refl. jitoleza. put toboa 1. make a hole, pierce, penetrate, break
oneself forward, introduce oneself, caus. through, ameingia nyumbani kwa kutoboa
to— not, non- (forming the negative of infini- tofautisha 1. distinguish, make a distinc-
toza. extract, impose, collect, toza kodi. ukula. He got into the house by breaking
tives; cf. noa). tion, ni lazima utofautishe kati ya mtu na
toza adabu. impose a fine. through the wall. 2. fig. make a way /pas-
collect taxes, mtu usiwaamini wote. You must make a
ass. tokana. 1 . leave /part from each other. sage, force one's way through something.
off, is-
distinction among people; you cannot be-
Ifoa, towa 1. put/take/give out, give taabu nyingi
2. result from, be caused by. 3. fig. maintain, assert, insist, appl. to-
lieve everybody. 2. be different, ass.
sue, emit, produce, publish. - amri. give
zimetokana na mtu yule. Many
difficulties bolea. toboka. caus.
intr. tobosha. Cf.
tofautiana. be different from each other,
an order. - habari. give a report. - hotu-
have been caused by that man. Cf.
toka, tobo, kitobo.
- siasa zao zinatofautiana. They are pur-
ba. give a speech; (rel.) preach. saiti. matokeo,
tokeo, tolatola, toleo, kitoleo,
suing different policies.
give a signal. - maua. bloom. — machozi. mtozaji, utoaji,
mtoa, mtoaji, mtoki, mtoza, tobosha caus. of toboa.
cry, weep. - num. shine, gleam. - pumzi.
utokezo, utoko, utolewaji. =
tofoa, tofua 1. pofua. 2. stick, stab,
exhale. - shauri. give (a piece of) advice.
Mobwe (ma-) wood of the mtobwe shrub. amemtofoa jicho na kalamu yake. He
2. show, display. - meno. show the teeth.
stabbed him in the eye with his pencil.
tofua tole toleana 533 tonge
532
tofua tofoa. tokana ass. of ltoa. toleana appl.-ass. of ltoa. tomoa 1. rare break through, pierce. 2. de-
flower (a virgin).
toga pierce (the ears, for earrings). — mtoto *tokea intr.-appl. of ltoa.
toleo (ma-) that which goes out/is delivered,
masikio. pierce the lobes of a child's ears, etc.; (rec.) production. Cf. Moa. tomoko (ma-) custard apple (fruit of the mto-
pass, togwa. moko/mtopetope).

^toke a prep. see 2toka
toli* (— ) thread, cord, braid.
Hogwa (— ) togwa (an unfermented beverage ^tomondo (ma-) tomondo (fruit of the mtomo-
tokeo (ma-) (us. pi.) 1. appearance, occur-
toma thrust (in), jitoma. burst in. Cf. choma. ndo, q.v.).
made of various grains with water and rence, — la Bwana. Epiphany. 2. result,
sugar), hii si pombe ni — . This is not beer consequence. 3. apparition, vision.
Inmasa nress. squeeze (ffently). feel (some-
but togwa. ltoa. -tomondo (— ) dial, hippopotamus. (- kibo-
Cf.
thing soft), knead, ukitaka kununua embe,
ko.)
kwanza huitomasa uitazame kama ni mbichi
Hogwa pass, of toga. toki (— ) see mtoki.
au imeiva. When you want to buy a mango
tona drip. appl. tonea. intr. toneka. caus.
you feel/squeeze it first to see if it is ripe
tohara* (— ) 1. Isl. ritual purity (us. through tokomea 1. disappear, vanish, ametokomea tonesha.
or not.
circumcision), hana — . He is impure (i.e. msituni. He disappeared in the bush.
cannot enter a mosque). 2. circumcision. 2. be completely destroyed. 3. arrive, tondo (— ) tondo (species of snail).
tomba copulate (of a male animal, and vulg.).
3. Christ, purgatory. Cf. tahiri, mtohara, enter a place (with much noise and confu-
ass. tombana. pass, tombwa. Cf. Ipanda,
utohara. sion), caus. tokomeza. 1. destroy, anni- tondoo (— ) tondoo (fruit of the ^mtondoo,
kwea.
hilate. 2. scatter, spread. Cf. u tokomea ji. q.v.).
tohe, toi (— ) tohe (kind of wild goat).

tombo, tomboo, tomboro, tomboroko (— ) ornith.
tokomeza caus. of tokomea. thimble.
quail. ^tondoo (ma-), mtondoo (mi-) rare
toi (— ) see tohe. (- kastabini, subana.)

tokoni, tokono (ma-) anat. coccyx.
tomboo (— ) see tombo.
toja 1. make an incision, tattoo. — mshipa. tondoti pi. of utondoti.
open a vein, bleed (a person). 2. rare
tokosa caus. of tokota.
tomboro (— ) see tombo.
drip. (- tona.) Cf. tojo. tone (ma-) drop (of a liquid). — la maji
tokota be boiled/cooked/fried, caus. to-
tomboroko (— ) see tombo. (damu). drop of water (blood), nimepigwa
kosa. boil, cook, fry. mayai ya kutokosa. = It is
tojo (ma-) 1. incision, cut, slash, gash; tat- na — la mvua. I felt a drop of rain (
tooing). 2, rare drop. = tone.) Cf. toja. boiled eggs. Cf. mtokoso.
( beginning to rain). Cf. tona.
tomea 1. reinforce/surface (a wall, etc.) by
coating with mortar mixed with small

tola* [ind. J (— ) tola (unit of weight for
Moka intr. of noa. stones. 2. roughcast, plaster, caus. tonesha see tonosha.
precious metals and perfumes; about V%
tomesha. Cf. mtomo.
ounce or 14 grams).
^toka, tokea, kutoka prep, from, out of, away tonga (ma-) 1. basket. 2.: - la dafu. co-
conut in the final stage of development.

from; since. — huku. from there to here. Homesha egg on, sic on (a dog, etc.); urge/
tolatola adj., rare selected, choice. Cf.
amekwenda — nyumbani. He went away from encourage to attack, incite, stir up.
ltoa.
tonge (-) (augment, of kitonge) lump, ball
the house. — hapo. from this time on. —
(of rice, etc.). Cf. donge.
jana. since yesterday. — leo. from today
tolea appZ. of ho ^tomesha caus. of tomea.
on. — zamani. for a longtime. Cf. -Hoa.
.
tongo 535
534
tope (ma-) (us. matope) 1. mud, dirt.

5tora rare: - meno. pick the teeth. (= cho- fedha yangu, lakini imetota.
Mongo (ma-) a deserted settlement/village. I have given
great number (of people), crowd. koa.) Cf. totora. him my money, but
= hame, kihame, mahame.) 2. rare I don't expect to see it
(
watu wengi kama — . a great throng of again. 3. become wet/soaked, nguo zangu
torati*, taurati (-)
people. Cf. topea? rel. the Pentateuch. zimetota. My clothes are soaked. 4. sink
Aongo (ma-) tongo (variety of banana;
in; be ruined/destroyed, stat. totama.
- ^mgomba).
topea sink into something, be plunged/sub- toria (ma-) toria (kind of liana). caus. tosa. throw into the water, sub-
merged/steeped in something; get into merge (something/someone); (fig.) waste,
^tongo (— ): — kanga/pofu/simba. ornith.
overwhelmed/swamped with toroka run away, flee, escape; play truant,
trouble, be squander, walizitosa mali zetu baharini.
(various species of) finch, mannikin. wafungwa wawili walitoroka
difficulties, mtu yule ugonjwa wa ukoma jela. Two pri- They have wasted our property (lit. thrown
.
,iiiicnii..|« ...
Tl„. „„„ U„o k=o„ oolôrl
*.»-» ...... ..—
U ,
soners ..aye escape .r=rr. t„e jail. cuus.
::_!_
m,.u
...
a.
mv.
\
.-.l:u/„ LUUi.-njjl.
n
JllOSa. [MOW
tongoza lead astray, seduce (a woman), appl.
topeza. cause something torosha. mtoro, utoro. oneself into the water.
leprosy, caus. Cf.
tongozea. caus. tongozesha. ass. tongo- press/push/plunge (something
to sink in,
zana. Cf. mtongozi, utongozaji. something else). torosha caus. of toroka. toto (ma-) augment, of mtoto.
into 1. 2. part
(of a whole).
toni* I Engl. J (— ) mus. tone. topetope (fruit of the mtope-
topetope (ma-) Mosa 1. (ma-) fruit that is beginning to
tope. - tomoko). ripen or is nearly ripe. totoma 1. wander about. 2. rare get lost.
2. adj. ripening,
Itonoka, tononeka, tononoka get fat, put on nearly ripe, embe -. a ripening
appl. totomea.
mango.
weight; flourish, prosper; regain strength/ topeza caus. of topea.
health; become healthy/vigorous, caus. totora pick the teeth. (= chokoa.) Cf. ^tora.
Hosa caus. of tola.
tonokesha, tononosha. topito* [Engl.l (-) 1. torpedo. 2. sling-
shot, catapult (for shooting birds). movu adj. lacking, missing.

tosha be enough/sufficient/adequate/satis- Cf. noa,
mtovu, utovu.
^tonoka intr. of tonosha. factory, suffice, -a kutosha. enough, suf-
topoa 1. pull out, extricate (from difficul-
ficient, haitoshi. it is not enough, appl.
ties), rescue (from a difficult or unpleas-
tonokesha caus. of -Honoka. toshea. double appl. toshelea. double
tovu (ma-) augment, of kitovu. tungu —
ant situation). 2. counteract (a poison,
appl.-caus. tosheleza. satisfy, give protruding navel.
etc.). 3. arch, set free/release (from a
tononoka see Itonoka. satisfaction; fulfill (the terms /requirements
magic spell), appl. topolea. intr. topoka.
of someth.). kazi yake inatosheleza. towa see Hoa, ^toa.
His
tononosha caus. of Itonoka. work is satisfactory.
topolea appL of topoa. towashi* LPers.J (ma-) eunuch.
tonosha, tonesha hurt someone by inadvert- toshea appl. of tosha.

Itora* [ ?] spear with a narrow head. towe (-) potter's clay. (= udongo.)
ently bumping a sore or wound, intr. tonoka.
tosheleza double appl.-caus. of tosha.

extremely, to a high de- 2tora* (— ) rare regularity, orderliness. towea add to, put into (food); flavor, season.
top* LEngl.?1 adv.
tosi appl. towelea. flavor /season (food with
gree. pi. of utosi.
something), eat with... towelea wali kwa
^tora cackle (of hens).
topas* [?] (ma-) scavenger, street sweeper, tola 1. sink; be drowned, drown; go down, mchuzi. flavor rice with gravy, nimenu-
latrine cleaner. founder (of ships), nua nyama ili nikatowelee na ugali wangu.
meli imetota. The ship
^tora see chora.
has sunk. lose irrecoverably, I have bought meat to eat along with my
2. nimempa
porridge, caus. toweza, towesha. Cf. kito-
weo.
toweka 536
tubu
537 tukuka
toweka of ^toa. 4. come to rest, take a rest, settle down,

intr. tubu* regret,
repent, feel remorse,
ametubu tukana curse, swear.
stop, lazima atue kama maji ya mtungi. He 1. 2. abuse, revile,
makosa yake. He repents of his shortcom-
insult, appl. tukania. intr.
toweo (ma-) see kitoweo. ought to take to a more regular existence tukanika.
ings, appl. mbia. caus. tubisha. Cf. ass. tukanana.
(lit. He should settle down like the water watu wametukanana. The
kitubio.
people were using abusive language
in a jug). 5. calm down, satisfy, appl. to
Itowesha caus. of ^toa.
each other, caus. tukanisha.
tulia. 1. calm down, become/be quiet/ 1. (w. int.
tufali* (ma-) see tofali.
The sea has be- force) treat someone with the greatest con-
tranquil, bahari imetulia.
^towesha caus. of lovvea.
tempt; avoid someone's company.
come calm. 2. be satisfied, moyo umemtu- 2. give
tufani* (-) storm, hurricane, typhoon.
down, stay someone a bad name, expose someone
lia. He is satisfied. 3. settle to
toweza caus. of towea. ridicule, make someone a public laughing-
in one place, have an established residence. tufe* I-)
. ,
1. Knll , -.-wg^,,^ /-
Uoll . >
iiijjira;.
Calm yourself! Calm down!
v
stock, ukienda nchi ya mbali usitukanishe
imp. tulia!
2. math, sphere. _ nzima. a solid sphere.
Itoza (ma-) pipe bowl.
intr. tulika. convey, forward, transport. taifa lako. When you visit a foreign coun-
bring to rest, ease, allay,

try, behave yourself properly (lit. do not
caus. tuliza. tuguu (ma-) tuguu (a mat on which grain is
disgrace your people). matukano.
Hoza caus. of Hoa. relieve (pain); pacify, comfort, reassure, ground).
Cf.
dawa hii inatuliza maumivu. This medicine

see must tukano (ma-) (us. matukano) swearing, abu-
trakta* (ma-) trekta. relieves the pain, lazima nimtulize. I
tuhuma* (-) suspicion, accusation.
Cf. tu- sive language, abuse, insults.
comfort/reassure him. caus. -ass. tulizana. Cf. tukana.
humu.
transista* [Engl.l (-) elee. transistor. comfort/pacify each other; live on good
tukia happen, occur, take place; appear, pre-
terms with each other, get along well to- tuhumu* (rare tehemu) suspect, throw suspi-
kilimo tuliliana. reach sent itself; turn out. jambo baya limenitu-
trekta*, trakta lEngl.l (ma-) tractor, gether, double appl. -ass. cion on, accuse, charge with something.
modern a satisfactory agreement/settlement, stat. kia leo. A terrible thing happened to me
kipya cha sasa ni kwa matrekta. In
appl. tuhumia. intr. tuhumika. caus. tu- today, ilitukia jinsi alivyosema.
agriculture tractors are used. tuama. 1. lead a settled existence, be a It turned
humisha. appl.-ass. tuhumiana. tu-
Cf. out just as he said.
permanent resident. 2. settle (of muddy caus. tukiza. Cf.
huma.
settle down to- tukio, kituko.
treni* [.Engl.] (-) rare (railroad) train. water, etc.). ass. tuana.
gether, reach an agreement. Cf. tuli, tu-

tui (-) tui (strained coconut juice). tukio (ma-) 1. occurrence, event, incident.
tropiki* [Engl.] geogr. tropic(s). -a-. livu, tulizo, kitulivu, kitulizo, kituo, mtu-
2. accident. Cf. tukia.
tropical. livu, utulivu, utuvu. tuili* 1. be prolonged/delayed/postponed.
caus. tuiliza, tuilisha. prolong, delay, tukiza caus. of tukia.
tu adv. only, just, merely, nothing but; utterly, 2 tua * (_) 1„ fate, destiny. 2. blemish, make late; put off, postpone, defer. 2. adj.
completely. Cf. tupu(?). kidogo -. just a libel, calumny,
disgrace, stigma. 3. lengthy, protracted, prolonged, dilatory,
de- tukufu adj. great, important; glorious,
only a part, mtoto mag-
little, ni fungu -. It is
slander. layed, belated. Cf. tawili.
nificent; majestic; generally recognized,
— . a mere child, nothing but a child, giza
widely known. Cf. tukuka, mtukufu, utu-
— . utter darkness. o
a tua see
1
chua.
,
tuilisha caus. of tuili.
kufu.
Itua 1. put/set down. - mzigo. put down a

mama slat, of ^tua. tuiliza caus. of tuili.
tukuka be great/important/famous/generally
burden. 2. settle (down); set (of the sun).
recognized, mashine mpya imetukuka ma-
jua limetua. The sun has set/gone down. tuana ass. of nua. tuka (-) post, prop, support. (= nguzo.)
hali pengi duniani. The new machine is
3. land, ndege imetua kiwanjani. The air-
plane has landed on the flying field.

-
tukusha 538
539
tumbua
well known
tukuza.
in many parts of the world, caus.
make famous/prominent, bring into

tulia appl. & imp. of tua.
d.spatch.
a special/urgent
2.
task/duty.
( w . i nt .
fOTCe) assign
pass,
^^
tumivva.
tumbasi* (-) med.,rare abscess. (=
jipu.)
the foreground, give publicity to. ass. tumana.

viongozi tuliliana double appL-ass. of Mua. Cf. tume, kitumwa,
matumi- tumbawe (ma-) coral rag (i.e., cora l in the
wa chama shi, matumizi,
hiki wametukuzwa sana katika mtume, mtumishi, mtumo,
state before complete
mtumwa, mtumwaji, utume, petrifaction; hence
magazeti. The leaders of this party have tulivu adj. quiet, still, peaceful. Cf. ^tua, utumishi, utumizi, light, and used for lime burning).
been given a great deal of publicity kitulivu, mtulivu, utulivu.
utumwa. Cf.
in the
marijani.
newspapers. Cf. tukufu, mtukufu, utukufu.
caus. of
tumai* see tumaini.
tuliza tua.
tumbili, tumbiri (_) tumbili (species of small
tukusha caus. of tukuta.
monkey). Cf. kima, nyani, ngedere.
tuli/n (ma-) 1. quieting, soothing; relief, tumaini*. tumai 1. wi«K deeirr -
ca '
tukuta 1. be restless/nervous. 2, be impa- comfort. 2. sedative, anodyne, mgonjwa 2. hope for, expect. 3. trust, have confi- tumbiri (-) see tumbili.
tient/bad-tempered/moody, 3. be worried/ amelala baada ya kupewa — . After taking dence in, rely on , beIieve . tunamtumainj
alarmed, intr. tukutika. 1, be irritable/ a sedative the patient slept. Cf. Hua. mtuhuyu. We trust this man, appl. tu . tumbo (-) 1. stomach, belly; abdomen,
mainia. intr. ma-
excitable. 2. tremble, quiver; be jumpy, tumainika. caus. tumainisha. tumbo. bowels, viscera.
raise someone's hopes,
2. (_ la uzazi)
start up (with fright), intr. -caus. tukutiza. tuma 1. send, dispatch fa person). 2. give give someone assur- womb, ndugu-moja. children of a single
cause restlessness/excitement, caus. tu- work to, put to work, employ. — fulani kwa ance. 4. (ma-) (us. matumaini) desire; mother. ngoja ngoja yaumiza -.
kazi. give someone work. appl. tumia. belief, faith, confidence, Waiting
kusha. make someone nervous/restless; trust; hope, ex-' is painful (lit. hurts the stomach). 3. pain
annoy, torment. 1. use, make use of, utilize, employ Pectation. 5. adj. confident, hopefu'l.
Cf. tukutiko, tukutu, mtu- Cf. or complaint in the
stomach or abdomen,
(either person or thing), tumia taratibu tumainifu, mtumainifu;
kutu, utukutu. also tamaa, tamani. stomachache, colic. - la kuhara. diarrhea.
{or kwa kadiri). use sparingly, be sparing/
- la kuhara damu. dysentery. 4.
tumainifu* fi g . in-
tukutiko, tukuto (ma-) trembling, tremor, shud- frugal. 2. have sexual relations with... adj. 1. trusting, confidentf hope . terior of something (e.g., hold of a ship),
3. (intr.) menstruate, double appl. tu- ful.
2. trustworthy, reliable,
dering; nervousness, excitement, nervous Cf. tumaini. capacity. _ l a merikebu. tonnage of a
milia. utilize (fully), use (up), tumilia
emotion. Cf. tukuta. ship. 5. protuberance, swelling.
mbali. use up completely, consume. Cf. ki-
itumba (ma-) (augment, tumbo, utumbo.
of mtumba) cover,
double appl.-refl. jitumilia. waste, squan- container, case; package,
tukutiza intr.-caus. of tukuta. bag, bundle, bale.
der; waste time, loiter, loaf. intr. tumika.
- la nguo. bundle of
clothes. - la ua . bud. tumbua 1. eviscerate, draw (poultry). 2.
1. have work, be employed, anaitumikia open
tukuto (ma-) see tukutiko. - la kitabu. cover of a
book. _ up, cut open, make a hole
| a mwezi . (in something).
skuli yetu. He works at our school. 2. be
halo of the moon.
Cf. tumbua, tumbo. - jipu. lance a boil. 3, dissect, appl.
usable, be available (for use / employment).
tukutu adj. 1. restless, nervous, irritable; tumbulia. tumbulia macho, open the eyes
annoying, troublesome; nagging, querulous.
pesa za Wareno hazitumiki tena Afrika 2 tumba
ma .) arch, wide, stare, intr. tumbuka,
( tumba (calabash containing tumburujika.
fidgety, mischievous (of a small child).
Mashariki. Portuguese money is no longer
2. a magic potion). be opened up/cut open,
break open, intr.-
used in East Africa, intr.-appl. tumikia.
Cf. tukuta, mtukutu, utukutu. appl. tumbukia. rush/burst/fall/tumble
work for (someone), serve, be a servant
tumbako* (-) into something,
S ee tumbaku. tumbukia kisimani. tumble
(of someone); be useful/available to
tukuza caus. of tukuka. into a well.
p rov . mchimba kisima hutu-
(someone); obey; intr.-appl.-pass. tumi-
tumbaku*. tumbako [/,«£](_) mbukia mwenyewe. Who digs a pit for
tobacco, vuta
kiwa. anapenda sana kutumikiwa. He is
tule* adj. poor, wretched, miserable. Cf. smoke, nusa- take snuff. - others falls into it himself, intr.-appl..
very fond of being waited on. intr.-caus. ya kunusa.
matule, mtule, utule. snuff (= ugolo). caus. tumbukiza. cause
tafuna/bugia -. chew to fall into, push
tumikisha. take as a servant/employee. to-
bacco. into something, caus.
Cf. mtumbako. tumbuza. force a
tuli adj., adv. quiet, still; reserved. Cf. Hua. caus. tumisha, tumiza. 1. send off,
way through something
(forest, etc.); look
tumbuika 540 tundika
tundiz
541 tungi
at fixedly, glare at. Cf. nurnba, tumbo, numu*, saumu (— ) fasting, time of fasting.
mtumbwi, utumbavu, utumbo. mwezi wa — month of fasting, Ramadhan. tundiza begin to ripen
.
(fruit).
tunga put together, tie/string together; ar-
range, put in order; put in a row, line up;
tumbuika be soothed/calmed/pacified/con- ûndu
^tumu* (— ) see thumu. 1. (-) hole (in gen.), aperture, pas-
soled, caus.
form, compose, construct, make. — maua.
tumbuiza. soothe, calm, ap-
sage, hollow; leak. - ya pua. nostril. _ ya make a bouquet. - uzi katika shindano.
pease; delight, amuse, tumbuiza kwa ma-
tuna 1. puff up, swell out. — mashavu. sindano. eye of a needle. _ ya bunduki. thread a needle, - samaki. string fish
neno mazuri. soothe/placate with pleasant
puff up the cheeks, 2. put on airs, muzzle of a gun. 2. (ma-) a hollow recep- — ushanga.
fig. (for drying). string beads. —
words, walitutumbuiza kwa muziki wao.
act high and mighty, anapendasana kutu- tacle, e.g.: den, lair (of an animal), nest usaha. form matter, suppurate (a sore).
They have amused us with their music.
na. He likes to act big. 3, be annoyed/ (of a bird), cage, pocket, basket. — kitabu. write a book. - mashairi. write
Cf. tumbuizo, mtumbuizi, utumbuizi.
nut of humor, rpfl. iilnna. raitnn airs r>p poet.-}'. r.y.x.,0. compose sû 6 =, uppl.
arrogant. appl. tunika. caus. 2 tundu*
tunia. intr. [PersJ adj. 1. ill-bred, insolent, tungia. intr. tungika. 1. be joined/tied
tumbuiza caus. of tumbuika.
tunisha. 1. dress up. 2. blow up, ex- impudent, stubborn. together. 2. be hung up/suspended. 3. be
2. troublesome, mis-
aggerate; flatter. 3. anger/offend someone, chievous (child). 3. worthless, good-for- dependent on (something or someone),
tumbuizo (ma-) 1. lullaby, soothing song.
nothing. Cf. 1 tundua, mtundu, utundu. caus. tungiza. 1. put in order. 2. cause
2. refrain (of a song). Cf. tumbuika.
Hunda 1. (ma-) (piece of) fruit. — bivu to follow, lead (people in a single file),
(bichi). unripe (ripe) fruit, matunda. draw/pull (as a locomotive pulls cars),
fruit tundua* [Pers.J spoil, pamper (a child).
tumbuka intr. of tumbua.
(coll.); (fig.) result, outcome, product. 2 tundu. stat. tungama. 1, be firm/stable/durable.
Cf.
haya ni matunda ya tabia zako. This is 2. become thick, congeal, stat.-ass. tu-
tumbulia appl. of tumbua.
the result of your disposition. 2. v. dial. ngamana. 1. hold together, be in agree-
tundua take/get down (something hanging/
pluck, gather (fruit) (~ chuma). ment/harmony, watu wamelungamana. The
tumbuo*, tumbuu LPers.?J (— ) metal fastener suspended). Cf. tundika, tunduo.
people present a united front. 2. be packed
for a door or window (consisting of a chain
together/crowded, stat.-ass. -caus. tunga-
Hunda (— ) tunda (belt of beads, worn by
tunduaa see
securing a hasp and staple). tunduwaa.
manisha. cause to agree/harmonize, inv.
women).
tungua. 1. get out of order, disarrange.
tumburujika 1. be decayed/rotten/useless; tunduia keep an eye on, watch, guard, spy on,
2. separate, interrupt. 3. lower, reduce
= tundama 1. accumulate, settle (e.g., of investigate,
(fig.) be corrupted. 2. tumbuka (intr. appl. tundulia. anamtundulia
(prices). 4, take down (e.g., from a hook);
water in a hole). 2. stand in line, queue sana mkewe.
of tumbua). He keeps a close eye on his
(fig.) buy clothing ready-made, suti hii
up. watu wametundama tangu mlangoni wife. caus. tunduiza. have someone
umeshonesha ao umetungua? Did you have
mpaka barabarani. The people were lined watched/investigated.
tumbuu* (— ) see tumbuo. Cf. tunduizi, mtu-
this suit made to order or did you buy it
up from the door to the street,
nduizi, utunduizi.
ready-made? inv.-appl. tungulia. inv.-
tumbuza caus. of tumbua.
intr. tunguka. Cf. tungizi, mtunga,
tundawaa, tunduaa be motionless, still,
tunduiza caus. of tunduia.
mtungo, mtunguo, utungaji, utungo.
quiet; freeze (in a certain position),
tume (— ) 1. messenger; (Isl.) apostle
caus. tundawaza.
(- Muhammad). 2. employee, servant; rep- tunduizi (ma-) watcher, guard, spy. Cf. tu-
^tunga (— ) tunga (a round, flat basket used
resentative, agent. 3. errand, task; busi- nduia, mtunduizi.
tundawaza caus. of tundawaa. for winnowing grain).
ness, occupation. Cf. tuma.
tunduo (ma-) (act of) taking down (something
tundika hang up, suspend. appZ. tundikia. tungama stat. of Munga.
tumia appl. of tuma. suspended). Cf. tundua, tundika.
caus. tundikisha. Cf. ^tundua, tunduo.
tungi (ma-) augment, of mtungi.
.
tungika 542 tupa

tupa 543
tungika intr. of 1 tunga. ceive a special honor/distinction, pay a attention,

refl. jitupa kitandani. throw
turusi* [Engl.l (-) rare truss, supporting
high price for something, appl. tunukia. oneself down on one's bed, be
completely framework; window frame.
tungiza caus. of Munga. have a special liking for something; make exhausted, pass, tupwa. ametupwa.
He
a present to someone, show someone an has b.een repudiated/has emigrated.
tusha annoy, irritate; treat with contempt,
tungizi (ma-) x
(us. matungizi) 1. invention. honor, ametunukiwa na serikali. He has Cf. mtupa, mtupio, mtupo.
humiliate, degrade, abase, appl. tushia.
2. (act of) inventing/devising. Cf. tunga. received a decoration from the government.
intr. tushika. refl. jitusha. abase one-
ass. tunukana. Cf. tunu, utunu. 2 tupa
(also dupa) (-) rasp, file. self, submit, yield; disgrace oneself,
pi Ra -. to inv.
tungo (ma-) augment, of mtungo.
rasp/file, kata kwa -. file through some- tushua = tusha. tushi, matusi.
Cf.
tunutu, funutu (— ) young locust. th mg. - ya tunga. rasp, wood file. _ ya
ltunm. C m <..^ 1 *.„„„:„„ .(I _.1_L--l
v'iiei.ai-)fiie. luâl, iusi, iusu (ma-) (us. matushij abuse,
2. fig. {also — tovu) protruding navel. tunza 1. care for, take care of, mind, tend; insult, offensive language/behavior,
ame-
guard, protect. — mtoto. look after/mind tupu adj. naked, bare, bald, tumia Iugha yamatushi.
1. kwa miguu He used offensive
a child. 2. do something carefully/atten- mitupu. with bare feet, barefoot. language,
^tungu (— ) wood file, rasp. 2. empty; kuingia katika nyumba bila ya
tively. 3. make a present, show an honor kupiga hodi
(fig.) meaningless, worthless, mkono ni matushi. To enter a house
= tunukia), make an award, ametunzwa.
(
tungua 1. inv. of ^tunga. 2.: — usingizi. mtupu haurambwi. An empty hand is not
without knocking is impolite. Cf. tusha.
He has been (signally) honored/has re-
fall into a deep sleep. welcomed (lit. is not licked), maneno ma-
ceived an award, appl. tunzia. look
tupu. empty (= meaningless) words. 3. mere, tusi (— ) palanquin, litter; (rare) stretcher
after/keep an eye on/take care of (some-
tunguja (— ) 1. tunguja (fruit of the mtunguja; pure, sheer, downright, uwongo mtupu. a (
= kitanda).
thing/someone), intr. tunzika. kitabu
cf. mtua). 2. rare (European) tomato downright/barefaced lie. Cf. utupu.
= ^nyanya, tungule). hiki kimetunzika. This book has received
( 2 tusi
very favorable notice, caus. tunzisha. (ma-) tushi
turbali*, turubai (_) see turubali.
4, (ma-) = tunzo. tunzo, mtunza,
Cf.
tungule (— ) tomato. (= 2 n y anya ,) Cf. mtu-
utunzaji; also tuza.
tusu (ma-) see tushi.
ngule. turubali*, turbali, turubai [Engl.] (-) 1. tar-
paulin, sailcloth. 2. oilcloth, waxed paper.
tunzo, tunza, utunzo (— ma-) care, atten-
, tuta 1. pile/heap up (fruit,, grain). 2. carry.
tunguri (— ) (small) gourd/calabash.
tion; protection; honor, award, distinction. appl. tutia. fill up with something, pour
turufu* scorn, despise, disdain; ignore, neg-
amepewa — . He has received a distinc- on, throw into a heap, tutia majani. sweep
tunguridi (— ) ornith. (species of) finch. lect.
tion. Cf. tunza; also tuzo. up leaves, tutia kaburi. close a grave.
intr. tutika (w. tr. force), carry off (one
tuni* [Engl. J (—) tune. 2 turufu*
[Port.'] (-) cards trump(s). hii load of something after another).
Hupa 1. throw, cast, hurl. — chini. throw
ndiyo karata ya -. This is the trump card.
tunu 1. (— ) something rare/valuable; rarity; to the ground. — macho, cast the eyes
on something. 2. throw away, repudiate, Aula (ma-) 1. bed (for planting). - la ku-
(valuable) gift, keepsake, souvenir. 2. adj.
turuhani* [Pers.l (-) tare (allowance for
rare, valuable; (fig.) dear, precious.
abandon, desert, amemtupa mkewe. He panda mbegu. seedbed, piga/chimba —
Cf.
packing, when weighing); (fig.) something
has deserted his wife, ametutupa mkono. dig up a bed. 2. fig., coll. grave.
tunuka.
extra (thrown in w. a sale), bonus.
He has died (lit. He has thrown us his
hand). appZ. tupia. 1. throw away, 2. '^tuta rare beat (of the heart), pulsate.
tunuka, chunuka be very fond of, set great
Turuki* (ma-) see Mturuki.
throw something at/to (someone); (fig.)
store by; yearn for, have one's heart set on;
speak to (someone), refer (something to
finally obtain something long desired, re- *tutu (-) tutu (kind of drum).
turuma* (mi-) rare molding, panelling, wain-
someone), intr. tupika. be thrown down/
away (carelessly); scoting.
(fig.) escape the
. ) .
544
twalika 545
tuutuu (ma-) see tutuu. twalika

^tutu (— ) ornith. tutu (species of wild dove). intr. of ^twa. tweta pant, gasp, breathe heavily/with diffi-
culty, bado anatweta. He is still breath-
tuwanyika (— ) tuwanyika (kind of snake). twaliwa pass, of ^twa.
''tutu (— ) med. swelling, tumor. tutuu, ing (of a dying person), appl. twetea.
Cf.
tutuka. Cf. mtweto.

tuwazi* (ma-) see toasi. twana (ma-) 1. augment, of ^mtwana.
2. rascal, -swindler. 3. ill-bred/impolite tweza {rare twesha) 1. disgrace, dishonor,
*tutu inter j. Restrain yourself! Leave it
tuza 1. give a present/reward. 2. do honor person.
humiliate. 2. offend, injure.
alone! to, show respect/appreciation, pass, tu-
zwa. be given a present/honored/rewarded. twanga 1. pound/clean/husk grain (in a mor- twiga (— ) giraffe. — mdogo. species of ga-
tutuka, tutumka, tutuma 1. swell (up). inv. tuzua. disgrace, humiliate. 3. (— tar). 2. fie. drive a hard bargain Kpat
2. bubble/boil (up). 3. fig. get excited, = tuzo. tunza.
Cf. down (the price of something). 3. beat, de-
become angry; be puffed up (w. pride), irw.
feat, katika mashindano hayo timo yetu twika = tweka.
1. 2. place a load on the
tutumua (us. refl.-inv. jitutumua). 1. strain tuzo, tuza (ma-) gift, present; reward; honor, iliwatwanga. In this game our team won. head or shoulders, refl. jitwika. place
oneself, make a strong effort. 2. puff one- distinction; award, prize. Cf. tunzo. 4. snap (a photograph), appl. twangia. a load on one's head. caus. twisha. Cf.
self up, boast, usitutumke. Don't brag/put intr. twangika. caus. twangisha. Cf. twisho.
on airs/act so big. caus. tutuza. caus.- tuzua inv. of tuza. mtwango, mtwanzi.
intr. tutuzika. take a rest, catch one's
Mwisha, twesha 1. wish someone good night.
breath. Cf. tutuo, tutuu. twa see chwa. twawa pass, of *twaa.
2. pay someone an evening visit. 3. in-
vite guests for the evening.

Mutuma rumble, growl. Cf. kitutumi, mtutumo. Itwaa 1. take, take away from. 2. get, re- twaza be complacent/proud/arrogant, show
ceive, accept. — jina jingine. take/as- off, boast; deceive.

Awisha caus. of twika.
Autuma see tutuka. sume a different name. 3. mil. take,
capture, occupy. 4. have sexual inter- twazana caus. -ass. of twaa.

twisho (ma-) twisho (a pad used when carry-
tutumka see tutuka. course with (a woman). — bikira. de-
ing a load on the head). Cf. twika.
flower. appZ. twalia. take away from tweka, twika raise, hoist, merikebu imetweka
someone, rob. intr. twalika. ass. matanga. The ship has set/hoisted sail.
tutumua inv. of tutuka.
twisti* L Engl. J dance the twist.
twaana & caus. -ass. twazana. 1. have — bendera. hoist a flag, appl, twekea.
tutuo (ma-) 1. hurry, haste, impatience. sexual intercourse (of man and woman).
2. boasting. Cf. ' tutuka. 2. be on intimate terms. 3. resemble twesha see tweza & nwisha.
each other, pass, twaliwa, twawa.
1. betaken/seized/received. 2. be
tutusa grope (for something), feel one's way.
intr. tutusika. med. be infected. robbed, have something stolen. Cf.
mtwaa.
tutuu, tuutuu (ma-) med. (hard) growth,
swelling; wart. Cf. tutuka. Awaa adv. quietly, silently, lala — ua (ma-) flower, blossom, toa maua. bloc ua (nyua) 1. (open) court (behind a house),
sleep peacefully. chuma — . pick flowers, shada ya maua. backyard, ninakwenda uani. I am going
tutuza caus. of tutuka. bouquet. into the backyard (= to the toilet).
twaana ass. of nwa. 2. fence, hedge, enclosure, jenga —

tutuzika caus. -intr. of tutuka. build/put up a fence.
uanafunzi 547 uashi
546 uanadamu
uanafunzi sing, (period of) apprenticeship, uangalizi sing. see uangalifu.

''ua kill, murder; destroy, appl. ulia. ass. uaji sing. see uuaji.
studies. Cf. ^funda.
uana. pass. uawa. refl. jiua. commit uangamio sing, collapse. Cf. angamia.
suicide. Cf. kiuaji, maulisho, mwuaji, uajizi*, uajazi sing, weakness, feebleness;
uanahewa* sing, aviation. Cf. mwanahewa.
uuaji. flabbiness; slowness, sluggishness; hesi-
'uangamizi (ma-) (us. maangamizi) 1. col-
tation, indecision; lateness, delay, pro-
uanajeshi* sing, military affairs. Cf. mwa- lapse, ruin, destruction. 2. loss, disap-
uabudiwaj i* sing, worship, cult. — wa mtu crastination. Cf. ajizi.
najeshi. pearance, mvua hii imeleta maangamizi
maalamu. cult of the individual. Cf. abudu,
makubwa. This rain has caused great
ibada. ualimu*, uwalimu sing, teaching; teaching
uananchi, uwananchi sing, citizenship, patri- devastation. Cf. angamia.
profession, education; instruction, Cf.
otism. Cf. mwananchi.
plimn. mwalimii-
jadhinsiEhaji* cir.~. festival, ceremony. C.
ûangamizi sing, stockpiling. — ya silaha
adhama, adhimu. uanasheria* sing, legal matters, (the practice
uambukizo (ma-) (us. maambukizo) med. za viini. stockpiling of nuclear weapons.
of) law. Cf. mwanasheria.
infection, contagion. Cf. ambua. Cf. angama.
uadilifu* sing, justice, honesty, integrity.
Cf. adili. uanauke sing. see uke.

uamini* sing. see uaminifu. uangavu, wangavu, uangafu, wangafu sing.
1. glow, luster, brightness, clearness,

uadui* sing, {also maadui, adawa) enmity, uanaume sing. see uume.
uaminifu*, uamini sing. 1. trust, confidence, transparency, nje leo kuna -. The weather
hostility, ill-will. Cf. adui.
reliance, fulani hana — . So-and-so enjoys is fair today. 2. fig. clarity, intelligence,
uanda (nyanda) see uwanda.
no confidence, amevunja — wake. He has discernment, penetration. Cf. 2 an ga,
uafisa*, uofisa LEngl. J sing, status (rank,
broken his confidence. 2. trustworthiness, angaa.
duties, pay, etc.) of an official/officer.
uandamano (ma-) (us. maandamano) proces-
veracity, credibility, honesty, accuracy,
Cf. ofisa.
sion. Cf. andama.
reliability, dependability, certainty. uanzishaji sing. 1. beginning, origin, in-
Cf. lamini. ception. 2. foundation, establishment.

uagizaji sing, request; order, commission.
uandamizi (ma-) (us. maandamizi) 1. de-
2 a{?a . Cf. anza.
Cf. pendence, linking. 2. sequence, continua-
uamuzi sing, judgment, decision, verdict;
tion. Cf. andama.
arbitration. Cf. *amua. *uapo (nyapo) (self-imposed) oath, vow.
uaguzi sing. 1. interpretation, explanation,
commentary. 2. prophecy, prediction. Cf. apa.

uandikishaji sing, registration. Cf. andika.
3. med. diagnosis. agua. 'uana sing, childhood. Cf. mwana.
Cf.
uandishi sing, manner of writing, style.

ûapo, wapo (— ) rare gift, Cf. Ipa.
uaili* sing, accusation, blame, reprimand, ûana ass. of 3ua.

Cf. andika.
censure. Cf. aili. Uarabu* sing. Arabia. Cf. Mwarabu.
uanaadamu sing. see ubinadamu.
uangafu sing. see uangavu.
uajazi* sing. see uajizi. uasherati*, washerati sing. 1. immorality,
uanachama sing, membership (in an organi- profligacy, debauchery. 2. adultery.
uangaliaji sing, guarding, supervision, care,
Uajemi*, Agami, Ajemi sing. Persia, Iran. zation). Cf. mwanachama. asherati.
Cf.
protection. Cf. angaa.
Cf. Kiajemi, Mwajemi.
uanadamu sing. see ubinadamu. uashi sing, stonemason's craft, masonry,
uangalifu, uangalizi sing, attention, careful-
uajenti* L Engl. J sing, position (duties, pay, building trade; mason's wages. Cf. âka.
ness, circumspection. Cf. angaa.
etc.) of an agent/manager. Cf. ajenti.
. .
548 ubale
ubaleghi 549 uba
uasi*, wasi, uwasi, uhasi (ma-) (us. pi.) ubadilifu*, ubadili, ubadiliko (ma-) 1. change, ubaleghi* sing. see ubalehe. ubaramaki* (— ) 1. ruse, trickery. 2. fool-
1. insurrection, rebellion, mutiny, fanya — exchange; changeableness. tumepata ma-
ish mistake, boner.
rebel, resist. 2. disobedience. 3. hesi- pumziko, lakini hatuoni mabadiliko. Al-
ubalehe*, ubalehi, ubaleghi (-) (sexual) ma-
tation, misgivings (when requested to do though we have had a rest, we do not notice turity, puberty, marriageable age. Cf. ba- ubardhuli* sing. see ubaradhuli.
something), vunja — . agree, accede (to a any change. 2. substitution. Cf. badili,
lehe.
request, etc., after a period of doubt or badilifu.

ubaridi* sing. 1. coldness, coolness; cool-
hesitation), (finally) give in. Cf, asi. ubalehi* sing. see ubalehe. ing. 2. fig. reserve, self-control. 3. fig.
ubadiliko* (ma-) see ubadilifu.
indifference, apathy. 4. fig. gentleness,
uaskari* sing, military service/pay, military ubali sing. see umbali. kindness. baridi.
Cf.
profession. Cf. askari. ubadilishaji* sing, changeableness, fickle-
1
_-.-£;. /--/. i
revisionism. Cf. bada!»,
ubaiozi* sing, embassy, legation, consulate; ubashiri* sing. 1. prophecy, prediction.
badili, mbadilishaji.
uaskofu* sing., rel. episcopate, bishopric. diplomatic/consular affairs. Cf. balozi. 2. announcement, proclamation. Cf. ba-
Cf. askofu. shiri.
ubaguzi sing, different treatment, discrimi-
ubamba (— ) 1. metal foil, tinsel. 2. = ^ba-
nation, segregation. — wa rangi. racial
uati (mbati) see Aiwati. mba. ubati (— ) rare outbuilding, shed; addition
discrimination. Cf. bagua.
to a house, wing; lean-to.
uawa pass, of îa. ubambo (ma-) 1. = 3 bambo. 2. strip of
ubaharia* sing, navigation, shipping, sea-
plaited grass (used for making mats). ubatili*, ubatilifu sing, uselessness, futil-
manship, anajifunza kazi ya — . He is
uayo (nyayo) see wayo. ity, emptiness, worthlessness. Cf. batili.
learning the seaman's trade. Cf. bahari,
*ubango (ma-) husk of the betel nut.
baharia.
uazimaji sing, obligation, commitment; loan ubatHifu* sing. see ubatili.
(for a fixed period of time), maktaba ya —

ubahili* sing, avarice, miserliness. ûbango (ma-) ubango (kind of reed).
lending library. Cf. âzima. ubatizo* I Engl. J sing., rel. baptism.
Cf. bahili.
Cf. batiza.
baba. *ubani* sing, frankincense,
ubaba sing, paternity, fatherhood. Cf.
ubaini* sing. see ubainifu.
ubau (mbau) see ubao.
ubabaiko sing. 1. murmuring, whispering. ûbani* sing, customary fee (e.g., that paid
ubainifu*, ubaini, ubayana sing, proof, evi-
2. incoherent/meaningless speech, stam- by a father to the man who teaches his son ubavu (mbavu) 1. anat. rib, 2. (mbavu)
dence, certainty, notoriety. - umetolewa.
mering. Cf. babaika. a trade, a doctor's fee, etc.). side (of the body and in gen.); (mil.)
The proof has been furnished. Cf. baina,
flank. — wa mlima. slope of a mountain,
ubadhiri* sing. see ubadhirifu. baini, bainifu.
ubao, ubau (mbao) 1. board, plank, timber, mbavuni. alongside, on the side(s).
beam. 2. blackboard. Cf. bao. Cf. bavuni, kibavu.
sing. waste, extrav- ubakuaji sing, dominance, exploitation.
ubadhirifu*, ubadhiri 1.
agance, prodigality. 2. immoderation, Cf. bakwia.

ubapa sing. 1. = bapa. 2. geogr. plain. ubavuni see bavuni.
lack of restraint. Cf. badhiri, badhirifu.
3. flatness.
ubale (mbale) strip, piece, slice. Cf. bale,
ubawa (mbawa) 1. wing (of a bird); (wing)
ubadili* sing. see ubadilifu. "mbale.
ubaradhuli*, ubardhuli sing, stupidity, fool- feather. 2. rec. (us. — za ndege)
ishness, gullibility. Cf. baradhuli. wing (of an airplane).
.
ubawabu 550 ubinja

ubishi 551 uchachu
ubawabu* sing, position/work/wages of a ubichi sing, rawness, unripeness; (fig.)

doorkeeper. Cf. bawabu. immaturity, shallowness, banality.
ubishi (ma- & mbishi) quarrelsomeness, ar- ubukuzi sing, gossiping, talebearing,
gumentativeness; opposition; excuse, eva- scandalmongering. Cf. bukua, mbukulia.
Cf. bichi.
sion; mockery, derision, (malicious) joke.
ubaya (ma-) badness, wickedness, meanness,
Cf. bisha. ubure* sing, uselessness, futility, folly.
depravity. Cf. baya. ubikira* sing. 1. virginity, celibacy.
Cf. bure.
2. anat. hymen ( = kizinda). Cf. bikira.
ubivu sing. 1. ripeness (of fruit, etc .). 2. ma-
ubayana* sing. see ubainifu.
turity (of character, conduct). Cf. bivu. uburudisho* sing, coolness, refreshment,
ubilisi* sing., rel. temptation. Cf. bilisi,
rest, recreation. Cf. baridi.
nbazazi* (ma-) 1. rare retail trade. 2. cheat- ibilisi.
uboi* I Engl. J sing, function/activity of a
ing, fraud, trickery. 3. speculation, fanya
house-servant prrand-bov. Cf . hsi.
_ r\*e.*\ defraud; speculate have v.ild
Cf. butu.
money-making schemes. Cf. bazazi. humanity, human nature. Cf. binadamu.
ubongo sing. 1. brain, brain substance.
2. marrow. Cf. bongo. ubuyu sing, the kernel or the powdered pith
ubeberu sing, dictatorship, imperialism. ubinafsi* sing, personality, ibada ya —
of the baobab nut. Cf. buyu, mbuyu.
Cf. beberu. pol. personality cult. Cf. binafsi.
ubono (mbono) seed of the castor-oil plant.
Cf. ^mbono. ubwabwa sing. 1. thin rice gruel. 2. coll.
ubeja* sing. 1. smartness, elegance (of ubinda*, uwinda L?J (ma-) ubinda (type of
cooked rice (in gen,).
clothing). 2. athletic build (of a man ). loincloth worn by Indian traders, but not
ukimtaka Baniani ubora* sing, excellence, superiority; (high)
Cf. mbeja. by Africans), prov.
quality, merit, advantage. ubwana sing. 1. mastership, position
urn lake na — wake. If you like something Cf. bora.
(rights, etc.) of a master. 2. lordliness,
ubele sing. see umbele. you must take it in its entirety (even if
ubovu sing, rottenness, putrefaction; (fig.) un- arrogance, overbearing/domineering ways.

some part does not please you).
healthiness, weakness; badness, corruption. Cf. bwana.
ubeleko (— ) see mbeleko.
Cf. bovu.
ubingwa sing, skill, proficiency, capability,
ubwete sing, idleness, laziness, indolence.
ubembe sing. see ubembelezi. expertness; qualification. Cf. bingwa.
ubozi* sing, idleness, laziness, indolence;
stupidity, folly. Cf. bozi. ucha sing. see uchaji.

ubembelezi, ubembe sing. 1. frivolity, flighti- *ubini* sing, forgery, counterfeiting.
ness. 2. allurement, coaxing. 3. prostitu- Cf. bini.
ubua (— ) see bua. uchache sing. 1. slightness, scantiness,
tion. Cf. bemba.
meagerness. 2. want, lack, deficiency,
ûbini* (— ) family name, tunajua kuwa — wa
ububu sing, dumbness, muteness. scarcity, shortage. akili. lack of
bourgeoisie, capital- Cf. bubu.
ubepari* \_Ind.J sing, — wake hatuujui. We
anaitwa Ali lakini intelligence, imprudence, rashness, prov.
ism. Cf. bepari, kibepari. we
know that his (given) name is Ali, but
— wetu si wingi wao. Our lacks are not
ubuge sing, greed(iness), gluttony, ana
do not know his family name. Cf. bin.
your greatness = you are no better than
ubeti* verse, strophe. 2. section,
mambo ya — . He has nothing but food on his (
(beti) 1.
mind. bugia, mbuge.
we are). Cf. chache.
paragraph. Cf.
Cf. ^beti. whistle,
ubinja, uwinja (mbinja, winja)
whistling. Cf. kibinja.

ubugu (mbugu) the stem of any creeping plant uchachu sing, sourness, sour/sharp taste.
ubiashara* sing. see biashara.
(used as cord or Cf. ''chacha, chachu.
for plaiting).
uchafu 552 uchengelele uche 553
uchafu sing. 1. dirt(iness), uncleanliness. uchangamfu sing, good-humor, liveliness, ucheo, ucheu, uchoo sing, plot of land, field uchochezi sing, provocation, agitation;
2. nastiness, indecency, obscenity. gaiety, exuberance, exhilaration. Cf. cha- (prepared for cultivation). revolt, sedition, mutiny. Cf. chocha.
3. baseness, vileness. Cf. *chafu, chafua. ngamka, changamfu.
uchepechepe sing, moisture, dampness. uchochoro (ma-) see kichochoro.

uchafuko sing, disorder(liness), confusion, uchanganuo sing, analysis. Cf. *changa. ardhi ya hapa ni ya — na nzuri kwa miwa
mess. Cf. chafua, mchafuko.
tu. The soil is good only for sugarcane uchokezi sing. see uchovu.
uchango (— ) 1.
= uchengelele. because it contains very much moisture.
uchafuzi sing, confusion, disorder; (pol.) di- 2.
= ^mchango. Cf. chepechepe. uchokozi (ma-) teasing, nagging, annoyance;
version, sabotage, Cf. chafua.
obtrusiveness, insolence, impudence.
uchao, uche, ucheachea sing., rare dawn, rr _u-i---
ucheshi. uchekeshi. iichpkpehajj "in", "sietv.
uchaga, uchaia (— ) see kichaga. daybreak. Cf. ^cha. exuberance; humor, wit. Cf. ^cheka,
*cheshi. uchomaji sing. {us. — wa moto) arson, in-
uchago (chago) see Ichago. uchapaji* sing. 1. printing business,. typo-
cendiarism. Cf. êhoma.
graphy. 2. edition, printing. Cf. *chapa.
ucheu sing. see ucheo.
uchaguo sing. see uchaguzi.
uchomozi sing., rare rising, (sudden) appear-
uchapishaji* sing, publication. Cf. ^chapa.
uchezaji sing, playing, playing/fooling ance (of sun, moon). Cf. *choma.
uchaguzi, uchaguo sing. 1. selectiveness,
around, mwalimu akiingia darasani watoto
discrimination; choice, selection. 2, pol. uchavushi sing., hot. pollination.
wasifanye — . When the teacher enters the uchongelezi sing., see uchongezi.
election, voting. — wa nafsi (unaibu). di-
classroom, the children are supposed to
rect (indirect) election. — mkuu. general uchawi sing, witchcraft, sorcery, magic.
stop fooling around. Cf. cheza. uchongezi, uchongelezi, uchongezo sing.
elections. Cf. chagua. Cf. mchawi.
slander, defamation, backbiting, insinua-
uchi sing. 1. nakedness, nudity, yu — . He tion, talebearing, informing. Cf. chonga.

uchaji, ucha sing, fear, awe, reverence, re- uche sing., rare see uchao.
is naked, enda — wa nyama. go stark
spect. Cf.
2 cna>
naked. 2. coll. genitals. uchongezo sing. see uchongezi.
ucheachea, uteatea sing. 1. = uchao.
uchakacho sing, rustling, crackling, crunch- 2. brightening, clearing up (of the

uchifu* \_Engl. J sing, position (function, uchongo sing., med. condition of being one-
ing (sound). Cf. chakacha. weather). Cf. cha. •
activities, etc.) of a chief/leader, leader- eyed. Cf. ^chongo.
ship, direction, management. Cf. chifu.

uchalc see kichaga. uchechefu sing. 1. fewness, small number.
uchoo sing. see ucheo.
2. rare ~ uchache.
uchimbaji sing, mining, output, production
uchale sing, cut, incision, slash, scratching, uchoraji sing, sketching, drawing.
(of ore, coal). Cf. chimba. .
uchekeshi, uchekeshaji sing. see ucheshi.

scoring, chanja — . make incisions in the Cf. Ichora.
skin, tattoo., undugu wa — . blood brother-
uchimvi, utimvi, utimbi sing. 1. intrigue,
uchelewaji sing, lateness, tardiness, delay. weariness,
hood. Cf. *chale. uchovu {rare uchokezi) sing. 1.
machinations, plotting. 2. bad luck.
3 c ha.
Cf. fatigue, exhaustion. — wa mwili. state of
Cf. chimba, chimvi, mchintbi.
ûchanga sing, exhaustion. 2. boredom, ennui, tedium,
grain of sand. Cf. mchanga,,
uchengelele, ujengelele, uchango sing.,
uchipuko sprout, shoot.
ana — . It is boring for him. Cf. Ichoka.
small intestines; vulg.) penis. sing, Cf. chipua.
anat. (fig.,
9 i . . . .
ûchanga sing, unripeness; immaturity, in-
fancy. Cf. ^changa.

.
uchoyo 554 udakaji

udaktari 555
udhi
uchoyo sing. 1. greed(iness), avarice, covet- uchumo sing. see uchumi 1.

udaktari* [Engl. J sing. 1. (profession, art, udhahiri* sing. see
ousness. 2. rare haste, hurry. Cf. choyo.
udhahirifu.
fees, etc. of) medicine. 2. doctor's degree.
uchungaji sing, herding, tending, pasturing.
Cf. daktari. udhahirifu*, udhihirifu, udhahiri sing. 1. mani-
uchu sing. 1. longing, craving, ana — sana wa Cf. chunga.
festation, demonstration. 2. plainness, ob-
nyama. He has a great craving for meat. 2.
udaku sing. 1. objection, protest; retort, re- viousness, clarity, certainty. 3. testimony,
vulg. passion, (sexual) desire. uchungu, ulungu (ma-) 1. bitterness, bitter taste.
joinder. 2. gossip(ping), rumor(-spreading). evidence. Cf. dhahiri, dhihiri.
2. fig. vexation, annoyance, resentment. 3.
1
Cf. iaka.
uchujo sing, filtering, straining. Cf. chuja. pain, anguish, prof. — wa mwana aujuaye
udhaifu* sing. 1. weakness, feebleness, infir-
mzazi. Only one who has borne a child knows
— wa udakuzi sing, rumor-spreading, talebearing. mity. 2. weakness of character, meanness,
uchuki sing, uchuki (small-grained rice). how painful it is, kuzaa. labor-pains.
uascucsa. insignificance, paltriness. Cf.
4. dejection, homesickness. Cf. z chungu. 3.
dhaifu.
uchukivu, uchukizo sing, aversion, repugnance,
udalali* sing. 1. (business, fees, etc. of)
loathing, disgust. Cf. chuki, chukia. uchunguzi sing, curiosity, inquisitiveness.
auctioneering, 2. (salesman's) fee, commis- udhalifu* sing. see udhalilifu.
Cf. ^chunga.
sion. Cf. dalali.
uchukizo sing. see uchukivu.
udhalilifu*, udhalifu, udhilifu sing, humiliation,
uchuro sing. 1. bad luck, ill omen. 2. incite-
udamisi* sing, gaiety, joviality, sociability; abasement; abjectness, submissiveness. Cf.
uchukuti (chukuti), ujukuti, unjukuti (njukuti) ment, provocation. Cf. chira, churo.
fun. Cf. damisi. dhili.
1. central vein or stem of the coconut-palm
leaf 2. fig. spoke (of a bicycle wheel). uchuruzi sing. see uchuuzi.
udanganyifu sing, deceitfulness, trickery, udhalimu* sing. 1. wrong, injustice. 2. oppres-
fraud, imposture; treachery. Cf. danganya, sion, tyranny. 3. aggression. Cf. dhalimu.
uchukuzi sing, (means, system, cost, etc. of) uchusichusi, utusitusi sing, cloudiness, dark-
danganyifu.
transport, transportation, porterage. Cf. ness.
udhamini* sing, guarantee, surety, pledge;
chukua.
udekuaji sing, sureness of aim, expertness (in sponsorship, tutelage, trusteeship. Cf.
uchuuzi {rare uchuruzi) sing, business (status,
shooting or throwing). Cf. dekua. dhamini, dhamana.
uchumaji sing, gathering, picking (of fruit). earnings, etc.) of a small shopkeeper or a
Cf. ^chuma.
dealer in second-hand goods. Cf. ^chuuza.
udelele, udende sing, saliva, slaver, mtoto udhani*, udhanifu sing, guess, suspicion,
Germany akitokwa na — mdomoni mama lazima amfute. supposition, assumption; opinion, view,
uchumba sing. 1. relationship of lovers, Udachi* \_Germ. J sing., arch.
o If saliva flows from a child's mouth, the
a gift given by a = Ujeremani). Cf. Dachi. Cf. dhana, dhani.
wooing, courtship. 2. (
mother must clean it up.

suitor to a girl's father. Cf. chumba,
udadisi sing, curiosity, inquisitiveness; z udhani*
mchumba. sing., rare see uzani.
indiscretion. Cf. dadisi. udende sing. see udelele.
uchumi sing, {also uchumo) 1. earnings, in- udhanifu* sing. see ûdhani.
udago (ndago) udago (kind of reed, Cyperus udereva* [Engl. J sing, (activity of, competence
come; gain, profit, proceeds, tega -. invest
occupation, employment. 3. (rec.) rotundus). in) driving (a motor vehicle), leseni ya —

(money). 2. udhi* 1. hurt, offend. 2. annoy, vex, disturb,
driver's license. Cf. dereva.
commerce, industry, economy, -a -. worry. 3. tire, bore, appl. udhia. intr.
economic crisis. udakaji sing, seizing, grasping, snatching.
economic, tatizo la -. udhika. be annoyed/disturbed/worried.
2 chuma. Cf' ****. udevu (ndevu; also madevu) 1. hair on the face/
Cf. caus. udhisha. Cf. *udhia, maudhiko.
of the beard. 2. fig. feeler, antenna (of an
insect). Cf. kidevu.
.
ueleano 557
udhi 556 uele ufanisi
ueleano sing, explanation, clarification. ufadhili* sing.

Cf. 1. kindness, kindheartedness.
*udhia*, udhiko sing. 1. annoyance, difficulty, udobi* Und. J sing, occupation (pay, etc.) of a
elea. 2. affection, partiality, good-will, favor. 3.
trouble, worry. 2. disorder, confusion, up- laundryman. Cf. dobi.
privilege. 4. obligation. Cf. fadhili.
roar. Cf. udhi. uelekeo, welekeo (ma-) direction. - wa mazu-
udodi (dodi) see dodi.
nguko. direction of rotation. Cf. elea, ele- ufafanusi sing. see ufafanuzi.
Aidhia* appl. of udhi. kea.
udogo sing. 1. smallness. 2. insignificance.
ufafanuzi, ufafanusi (ma-) 1. explanation,
3. childhood, youth. Cf. dogo.
udhibiti* sing, control. Cf. dhibiti. uelekevu, welekevu, wekevu, uwekevu sing. interpretation. 2. announcement, revelation.
(power of) comprehension, intelligence, 6. certainty, definiteness. Cf. fafanua.
udohudohn, udohodoho 1. sing., rare cheapness,
udhihirifu* sing. see udhahirifu. ingenuity, aptitude. Cf. elea, elekea.
insignificance. 2. adv. cheaply, sparingly,
uiagio (-) 1. (small) broom (made of twigs,
economically, nunua — . buy economically. etc.).
udhiki* sing. 1. narrowness, lack of space, uelekezo sing, instruction, direction, guidance. 2. (large) brush, scrub brush. Cf. fagia.
cramped quarters. 2. straitened circum- Cf. elea, elekea.
udole (ndole) 1. rare ~ kidole. 2. rare finger-
stances, want, distress. Cf. dhiki. ufahami sing. see ufahamivu.
nail, toenail; claw (of an animal) (- ukucha).
uelezaji sing, explanation, elucidation. Cf.
3. slender/fragile person.
udhiko* sing. see udhia. elea. ufahamikiano* sing., rare mutual understanding.
Cf. fahamu.
udongo sing. 1. (plowed) earth. 2. soil, clay;
udhilifu* sing. see udhalilifu. uendeleo (ma-) see endeleo.
potter's clay (— wa kinamo). ponda — ram/ .
ufahamivu*, ufahamu, ufahami sing. 1. under-

tamp clay. — (or dongo) Ulaya. cement.
udhu* sing., Isl. (condition of) ritual purity. uendelezo, wendelezo sing. 1. continuation. standing, intelligence. 2. memory. 3. per-
kaa kwa — . live a respectable /orderly life. 2. spelling. Cf. enda. spicacity, penetration, quick-wittedness.
udresa* LEngl. J sm^. work (pay, etc.) of an
Cf. fahamu.
orderly /nurse's aid. Cf. dresa.
udhuru* sing. 1. excuse, pretext, toa/jipa — uendeshaji sing. 1. guiding, steering, piloting.
excuse oneself, make an excuse. 2. reason, — wa ndege. the piloting of an airplane. 2. ufahamu* sing. see ufahamivu.
udufu* sing. 1. inferior quality, worthlessness.
cause, bila — . groundless, without reason/ rare growth, increase; advance, prosperity,
2. insipidity, tastelessness; foolishness. Cf.
cause. 3. v., rare make excuses. success. 3. recent secretariat. Cf. enda. ufalme (falme) 1. chieftainship; kingship,
dufu.
royalty; kingdom. 2. rule, dominion. Cf.
uenyekiti* sing. see uenyikiti. mfalme.
ludi* (— ) aloe wood. kinship, brotherhood;
udugu, undugu sing,
friendship, fanya — . form a friendship. Cf.
uenyemali* sing., rare property, fortune. Cf.
ufananaji, ufanani sing., rare 1. similarity,
2udi* (— ) udi (a musical instrument similar to ndugu.
enye, mali. resemblance, analogy. 2. comparison. Cf.
a banjo).
faa, fanana.
udui (ndui) pustule (of small pox); (pi.) small-
uenyikiti*, uenyekiti sing, chairmanship,
udibaji* sing. 1. decoration, ornament(ation). pox.
presidency. Cf. mwenyekiti. ufanani sing., rare see ufananaji.
2. (mere) form (as opp. to substance), show,
ostentation. 3. elegance, refinement. Cf. udusi sing. see ujusi.

ufa (nyufa) opening, tear, split, crack, break. ufanikivu*, ufanisi sing., rare well-being,
dibaji.
tia — . tear, split, crack, burst, ziba — . fill prosperity. Cf. fanaka, fanikia.
uduvi (nduvi, — ) shrimp, prawn.
in a crack.
udikteta* [.Engl.l sing, dictatorship. (= ube-
ufanisi sing., rare see ufanikivu.
beru.) Cf. dikteta. uele, uwele (maele) [dial, ndwele, — ) illness,
sickness. Cf. mwele.

ufanyaji 558 ufu
ufus 559 ufungu2
ufanyaji sing. 1. execution, realization. — ufifi, ufifilizi sing, playing deaf, feigning
ufuaji sing. 1. business (method, cost, etc.) ufukwe sing. see ufuko.
kazi wa pamoja, 2. comm. collectivization. absentmindedness (or incomprehension). Cf.
of washing clothes; (rare) washing, laundry.
Cf. faa, fanya. fifia.
2. trade (skills, wages, etc.) of a smith. — ufukweni sing. loc. of ufuko.
wa fedha (dhahabu). goldsmith's (silver-

Ufaransa* sing. France. Cf. Faransa, Ki- ufifilizi sing. see ufifi.
smith's) work. Cf. fua. ufumbi (ma-) rare hollow, depression, valley.
faransa, Mfaransa.
= bonde.)
(
ufilisi sing., rare bankruptcy, insolvency.
ufuasi sing. 1. accompaniment, escort. 2.
ufarisi* sing, capability, competence, expert- (- muflisi.) Cf. filisi.
condition of a follower/retainer/adherent/ ufumbulio sing., rare see ufumbuzi.
ness; experience. Cf. farisi.
disciple. 3. imitation. Cf. fuata.
ufingirishaji sing, (act, business of) rolling.
uflimhlio .tin*. XPf nfiimKi'Z!.
ufasaha*, ufasihi sine. 1. eloauence. facility.
ufuataji sing, (act of) following, complying.
2. clarity (of pronunciation); lucidity, purity fingirika.
— wa vitabu tu. pedantry, dogmatism. Cf. ufumbuzi, ufumbuo, ufumbulio sing, unfolding,
(of style). 3. elegance, good taste. Cf.
fuata. clearing up, solution. — wa kitendawili.
fasaha. ufinyangi sing. see ufinyanzi.
solving of a puzzle. Cf. fumba.
ufuatano (fuatano & ma-) 1. succession,
ufasihi* sing. see ufasaha. ufinyanzi, ufinyangi sing, work (methods,
sequence. 2. file, line (of people ). Cf. ufumwale sing, fiber (of the raffia palm).
wages, etc.) of a potter. Cf. finyanga,
fuata.
ufasiki* sing. 1. immorality, vice, debauchery. mfinyanzi.
ufundi sing. 1. position (status, quality, etc.)
2. fornication, adultery. Cf. fasiki.
ufufuko, ufufuo sing. 1. renewal, restoration, of a master of a craft /trade /art. 2. craft,
ufinzi sing., rare see ufizi.
revival. 2. rel. resurrection (Isl. or Christ.; skill, dexterity, proficiency, qualification,
ufatani* sing. see ufitina.
- kiyama^. Cf. fufua.
Isl. pata — . qualify as a craftsman. 3. rec.
ufisadi* sing, vice, corruption. Cf. fisadi.
technology. Cf. funda.
ufaulu* sing, success. Cf. faulu.
ufufuo sing. see ufufuko.
ufitina*, ufatani sing, quarrel(ing), discord,
ufunga (funga) (stone) seat, bench (in front of
ufedhuli* sing. see ufidhuli. dissension; agitation, intrigue; rebellion,
ufugaji sing, breeding, rearing, taming (of a house, for receiving guests).
revolt. Cf. fitina.
animals). Cf. fuga.
ufefe* sing., rare weakness, worthlessness.
ufungu sing. 1. connection, relationship. 2.
Cf. kifefe. ufito (fito) 1. stick, rod, bar, lath. — wa chuma.
ufukara* sing, poverty, distress, misery; collec. relations, relatives, hawa wako —
iron rod/bar. — wa kutembelea. walking
begging. Cf. fakiri. (fungu) gani? What connection (relationship)
ufidali* \JEngl. J sing., comm. feudalism. stick. 2. ufito (a present given by a father
do they have with each other?
to the teacher when a boy enters school).
ufukizo, uvukizo sing, burning of incense,
ufidhuli*, ufedhuli sing, insolence, impudence,
fumigation; fragrance of burning incense. ufunguaji sing, opening. — wa maonyesho
presumption, arrogance. Cf. fidhuli. ufizi, ufinzi (fizi) anat. gum (of the teeth).
Cf. ûka. (mkutano). the opening of an exhibition
(= sine.)
(meeting). Cf. funga.
ufidio*, ufidiwa sing., rare ransom, redemption;
ufuko, ufukwe, ufuo sing. (us. loc. ufukoni,
deliverance, salvation. Cf. fidi. ufo (— ) see ufu.
ufukweni) beach, shore. ufunguo, ufunguzi (funguo, funguzi) key, Cf.
funga.
ufidiwa* sing. see ufidio. ufu, ufo (nyufu) rare 1. death (= mauti). 2. fig.
ufukuto, uvukuto sing, exhalation, effluvia,
deadness, numbness = ganzi).
( Cf. fa.
vapor; smell of perspiration. Cf. fuka. ufunguzi (funguzi) see ufunguo.
ugawaj 561
ufun 560 ugomba
ufunuo sing, revealing, revelation. — wa Mta-

*uga (nyuga) open place
ugawaji, ugawanyaji (rare ugawa) sing. ugeuzi, ugeuzaji.ugeuzo, ugeko, ugeufu (geuzi,
1. (in front of or around
katifu Joane. the Apocalypse/Revelation of dividing up, division; distribution, issue. — mageuzi) change, alteration, transformation,
a house), yard; square, field. 2. threshing-
St. John. Cf. funua. huu wa fedha haukuwa wa haki. The division modification. Cf. geua.
floor. — wa ngoma. dancing-place.
of the money was unfair, benki ya — bank
.
of issue. Cf. gawa. ugeuzo sing. see ugeuzi.

*ufuo sing., eth. ufuo (a hole dug underneath
2uga bellow (of bulls).
a bier to drain off the water when the corpse
ugawanyaji sing. 1. - ugawaji. 2. part, share. ughaibu* sing, state of being absent/missing/
is washed). ugaga, ugwagwa sing, tartar (on the teeth).
Cf. gawa. unobtainable, absence, remoteness. Cf.
(= igaga.)
ghaibu.
Aifuo sing. 1.
= ufuko. 2. source, origin,
uge, ugea sing, fat/grease adhering to a Dot
ugaidi''' sing. 1. underhanded/nefarious or pan. ughoshi*, ughushi sing, adulteration. — wa
practices, thievery. 2. rec. guerrilla activity/ tembo kwa maji. adulteration of wine with
ufupa sing. 1. osseous/cartilaginous state. warfare. Cf. gaidi. ugea sing. see uge water. Cf. ghoshi.
2.: - mwororo. gristle, cartilage. Cf. mfupa.
ugale sing, (also gale, ma-) the soft, white ugege sing, having one's teeth set on edge ughushi* sing. see ughoshi.
ufupi sing, shortness, brevity, terseness, part of a tree-trunk.
(from eating something sour). See also
compactness. Cf. fupi.
ukakasi. ugimbi (ngimbi) (also gimbi, — ) intoxicating
ugali sing, porridge, paste, pap. — wa mahindi beverage, beer.
ufupisho sing, shortening, abbreviation; (mtama). corn (millet) porridge, songa — ugelegele sing. see kigelegele.
summary, extract, re'sume. Cf. fupi, fupika. prepare porridge. Ugiriki* L£ngLjsing. Greece. Cf. Kigiriki,
ugema, ugemi sing, (act, method, etc. of) Mgiriki.

ufurahi* sing., rare joy, pleasure, delight. Cf. ugandamano sing, (process of) coagulation. Cf.
tapping palms, preparation of palm wine. Cf.
furaha, furahi. ganda. gema. ugo (nyugo) enclosure, fenced-in area; fence.
2 ua.
Cf.
ufurufuru sing, anger, fury. Cf. fura. ugandisho sing, quality causing coagulation.
ugemi sing. see ugema.
Cf. ganda. ugoe, goe, goya sing, (act of) hooking a foot
ufusho sing. see mafusho. used around an opponent's leg (in wrestling),
ugemo sing ugemo (a short knife for
ugando sing. see mgando. making incisions in the bark of palm trees in tripping someone up. ngoeka.
Cf.
ufusio sing, (concrete) foundation (of a house).
order to drain off the sap for making wine).
1
Cf. fnsa. uganga [rare uganguzi) sing. 1. (profession,
gema. ugoigoi sing, inactivity, indolence.
Cf. Cf. goigoi.
fees etc. of) medicine, doctoring, healing,
ufuta (— ) 1. sesame. 2. roselle. curing. 2. medicine, medicament, remedy, chewing tobacco.
ugeni sing. 1. strangeness, foreignness. 2. ugolo, ugoro sing, snuff,
3. arch, charm, magic potion. Cf. ganga. foreign country, safiri ugenini. travel to a
ufuu sing., rare hard inner shell of a coconut
foreign country. Cf. geni. ugomaji (rare ugomeaji) sing, strike, boycott.
= nyama ya nazi). Cf. fuu, kifuu. uganguzi sing., rare see uganga.
(
amua ya kuwa kuweko — wa kazi. call a
ugeufu sing. see ugeuzi. strike. Cf. *goma.

ufyekwaji sing, elimination. Cf. fyeka. ugavu (ngavu) net (for fishing or trapping
animals). Cf. wavu. ugomba (ma-) fiber of the banana plant. Cf.
ugeuko sing. see ugeuzi.
ufyozi sing, insolence, impudence. Cf. fyoa,
lômba, mgomba, ugomba.
fyozi. ugawa sing. see ugawaji.
ugeuzaji sing. see ugeuzi.
ugombo 562 uhaii
uhakikisho 563
Uhindi
ugombo (— ) ugombo (a musical instrument re- limb, etc.). niauguza mguu wangu. I favor my
uhakikisho* sing, confirmation, corroboration;
sembling a banjo). injured leg. Cf. mauguzi, mwuguzi, uuguzi. uhasama*, uhusuma sing, (also hasama)
quarrel,
guarantee, security. Cf. hakiki. dispute; dissension, ill-will, enmity,
hostility,
ugombozi (dial. = ukombozi) sing, liberation. ugumu sing. 1. hardness, firmness, solidity. antagonism, antipathy, deni hili limeleta -
uhali sing. see hali.
Cf. gomboa. 2. fig. severity; stubbornness; steadfastness, baina ya rafiki wawili. These debts have
resoluteness; hard-heartedness, heartlessness. caused bad feeling between the two friends.
uhalifu* (— , ma-) 1. transgression, contraven-
ugomeaji sing. see ugomaji. Cf. gumu. Cf. hasimu, husuma, husumu.
tion, violation, fault, offense. 2. disobedi-
ence. 3. rare rebellion, revolution.
ugomvi (gomvi, ma-) 1. quarrel, dispute. 2. ugundi sing, ugundi (a powder prepared from the Cf.
ihalifu.
uhasi* sing, castration, condition of being a
quarrelsomeness; grumbling, faultfinding. stem of the coconut leaf and used to treat
gelding/eunuch. Cf. hasi, hasua.
3. a quarreisome/argumentative person. Cf.
uhamaji, uhamiaji sing. 1. (regular) migration
^gomba, Ugomvi.
(e.g,, of birds). 2. emigration, immigration. ûhasi s "i{. see uasi.
uguzi sing., dial, purchase, sale, barter.
Cf. hama, hamaji.
ugoni, ugono sing. 1. sexual intercourse. 2.
uhasidi*, uhusuda sing, envy, spite, ill-will,
extramarital relations, adultery. 3. assault, ugwagwa sing. see ugaga.
uhamiaji sing. see uhamaji. hostility. Cf. hasidi, husnda.
rape, shikwa — . be caught with another
man's wife, be accused of adultery, fedha ya ugwe (ngwe, nyugwe) string, twine, cord; fish-
uhamisho sing. 1. move, removal, resettlement. uhawara* sing. 1. debauchery, fornication,
— . fine imposed for adultery, Cf. gona. ing line; strap. Cf. kigwe.
2. ejection, eviction. prostitution. 2. cohabitation (of unmarried
3. transfer, amepata
ugonjwa (rare gonjwa) (ma-) illness, sickness, uhaba* sing, fewness, scantiness; inadequacy,
- kwenda ofisi nyingine. He has been trans- persons), hawakuoana wanakaa pamoja kwa
disease, malady, complaint. — wa deficiency; poor quality, paltriness, insignif-

ferred to a different office. Cf. hama. - tu. They are not married, they only live
ukoraa.
together. Cf. hawara.
leprosy. — wa baridi yabisi. rheumatism. — icance. Cf. Ifiaba.
uharabu* see uharibifu.
wa ndui. smallpox. — wa puma, asthma. —
uhawilishaji* (ma-) jur. conveyance. Cf.
wa malale/usingizi). sleeping sickness. Cf. Uhabeshi* sing. Abyssinia. Cf. Mhabeshi.
uharamia* sing, robbery, brigandage, piracy. hawili, hawala.
gonjwa.
Cf. haramu, haramia.
uhafifu* sing. 1. = uhaba. 2. trash, junk, rubbish;
uhayawani* sing. 1. stupidity, ignorance. 2.
ugono sing. see ugoni. poor quality; worthlessness, insignificance.
uharamu* sing. 1. unlawfulness, illegality. dullness, brutishness. Cf. hayawani.
3. old/unsaleable merchandise, drug on the 2.
violation of religious precepts. Cf. haramu.

ugoro sing. see ugolo. market. Cf. hafifu.
uhenga sing., arch, (history of) ancient times,
uharara* sing. 1. heat, warmth. antiquity.

ugoya sing., arch. see unyoya. uhai* sing, life, existence, anakumbuka — 2. fig. passion,
vehemence; temperament. 3. fig. ardor, zeal,
wake. He is reviewing his life(-history). Cf.
diligence. uheri* sing, good fortune, happiness. Cf.
ugozi sing, algae, green scum (on stagnant hai. Cf. harara. heri.
water).
uharibifu*, uharabu sing. uhiana* sing, meanness, baseness; faithless-
uhaini* sing, deceit, treachery, perfidy, dis- 1. destruction, dev-
astation, vandalism. 2. plundering, pillage.
ness, disloyalty, treachery, malice, cunning.
ugua fall ill, be in pain, feel sick. appl. loyalty, fanya — commit
. (an act of) treach-
3. damage, loss. 4. wastefulness, prodigal- Cf. hiana.
ugulia. pass, uguliwa. ninauguliwa. I am ery. Cf. haini.
not feeling well. intr. uguka. be sick. caus.

ity, extravagance. Cf. harabu, haribu, hari-
Uhindi* sing. 1
bifu. India. Cf. Hindi, Mhindi,
uguza. 1. allow to become ill. 2. tend the uhaji*, uhaja sing, need, necessity. Cf. haja.
Kihindi.
sick, nurse; be careful of, favor (an injured
uhitaji ujahili 565 ujengelele
564
uhajili*, ujuhula sing. 1. heartlessness, ujamii sing. see ujamaa.

uhitaji* (hitaji, ma-) (us. pi.) 1. need, want, uhusuda* sing. see uhasidi.
mercilessness, cruelty. 2. violence, crime
desire, necessity, alinanua mahitaji ya nyu-
of violence. 3. ignorance, foolishness. Cf. ujamu* sing, rope (for leading an ox). Cf.
mbani. He has bought what is necessary for uhusnma* sing. see uhasama.
jahili. lijamu.
the household. 2. poverty, indigence. Cf.
hitaji. uigaji, uigizaji sing, imitation. Cf. iga.
ujaji* lEngl. J sing, position (duties, pay, ujana sing, youth; youthfulness, sprightliness,
uigizaji sing. see etc.) of a judge, judgeship.

youthful appearance. Cf. mwana.
uhodari* sing. 1. ability, competence, industry, uigaji. Cf. jaji.
aptitude, fitness. 2. energy, vigor, endurance,

uimara* sing, firmness, solidity, stability, ujanadume sing, manliness, courage, bravery.
stability, durability. 3. courage, bravery. Cf. ûjaji sing,, rare coming, arrival, Cf. ja.
durability. Cf. mwana, 'ume,
hodari. Cf. imara.
*ujaka sing, ujaka (kind of spinach).

uhondo sing. 1. feast, entertainment. 2. some- uimarisho sing. 1. strengthening, securing. ujane sing, unmarried state, condition of one
thing extra given without charge, bonus, 2. establishment, installation. 3. determi- not yet married or of one who has lost husband
nation, fixing; decision, resolution. Aijaka sing, ujaka (kind of mushroom), Cf. or wife: bachelorhood, spinsterhood, widow-
premium. 3. rare gift, Cf.
imara, imarika. uyoga. hood, widowerhood. Cf. mjane.
uhuni* sing. 1. vagrancy. 2. lawlessness, dis-

orderly conduct, vandalism, hooliganism, uimbo sing. see wimbo. ujali* Llnd.J sing, {also mjali, mi-) lampwick. ujanja sing. 1, slyness, cunning, craftiness;
= utambi.) deceit, fraud, peculation, amenifanyia —
vijana wasiokuwa na kazi wakipatiwa kazi (
Iabda na — mjini utapungua. If work were pro- Uingereza* sing. England, Great Britain. He has cheated me. kwa — with . intent to
vided for the unemployed young people, the Cf. Mwingereza, Kiingereza. ujalifu sing. see ujalivu. deceive, under false pretenses. 2. strategem,
disorderly conduct in the city would probably maneuver. Cf. janja.
uingiaji sing, entrance, entry, fedha za — ujalivu, ujalifu (also ujazi) sing. 1. fullness,
cease. Cf. huni.
entrance fee, Cf. ingia. satiety. 2. fig. corpulence, obesity. Cf. ujari* (njari) (rare mjari, mjiari, mjarari, mi-)
'iaa. naut. tiller rope.

uhunzi sing. 1. trade (skills, pay, etc.) of a
smith. 2. metalwork (engraving, chasing, uingiliaji sing, intervention. Cf. ingia.
ujamaa*, ujamii sing. 1. (blood) relationship, ujasiri*, ujasirishaji sing, daring, bravado,
etc.). Cf. mhunzi.
uingizaji sing, importation (of merchandise). consanguinity; kin, family; brotherhood, temerity, foolhardiness, recklessness;
freedom, liberation, independence. Cf. ingia. fellowship. 2. rec. socialism. — uliodhihiri- (comm.) adventurism. Cf. jasiri,
uhuru* sing,
Cf. huri, huria, huni.

ka. scientific socialism. — wa domo. dema-
uinjinia* \_Engl. J sing, engineering. Cf. gogic socialism. — wa mila. traditional ujasusi* sing. 1. curiosity, inquisitiveness,
connection, relation(ship). injinia. socialism. — wa shiriki. cooperative social- 2. disloyalty, breach of faith, treachery,
uhusiano sing. 1.
— wa mataifa. international relations, ha tuna ism, Cf. jamii, jamaa. Cf. jasisi.
— mzuri na Serikali yao kwa sababu wamemfu- Uislamu* sing. Islam. Cf. silimu.
ujambo, hujambo, hajambo sing, well-being, ujazi sing. 1. fullness,, abundance. 2. ^gener-
kuza balozi wetu. We do not have good rela-
= ujalivu. jaa.
tions with their government because they had uizi sing, stealing, theft, robbery. Cf. iba, good state of health; improvement, mgonjwa osity, liberality. 3. Cf.
our ambassador recalled. 2. correspondence. wetu hana hujambo yoyote. There is no im-
— wa moja provement in the condition of our patient. ujengaji (ma-) see ujenzi.
na moja. one-to-one correspondence.
relevancy, competence. 4. admissibility. uja sing., arch., liter, slavery, captivity, Cf. jambo.
3.
ujengelele sing. see uchengelele.
servitude, bondage, Cf. mjai
Cf. huso.
ujenzi 566 ujumbe ujume 567 ukaimu
ujenzi, ujengaji (ma-) 1. style of building, ujirani* sing, 1. neighbors, neighborliness.

ujume*, ujumi sing. 1. (trade, methods, pay, ukabaila* sing, importance, prominence, high
architecture. 2. erection, construction. 3. 2. neighborhood, vicinity, environs. Cf. etc. of) metalworking. 2. locksmith's trade. social standing. Cf. kabaila.
structure, building, installation. Cf. jenga. jirani, majirani.
Cf. mjume.
ukabidhu*. ukabidhi sing. 1. hoarding.

Ujerumani) sing. see 2.
Ujeremani* [.Engl. J (rare ujitahidi* sing., rare jitihadi.
ujumi* sing. see ujume. thriftiness, economy. Cf. kabidhi.
Germany. Cf. Mjeremani, Kijeremani.
ujitawala* sing, self-government, autonomy.
ujumla* sing. 1. large quantity, great number. ukabila* sing. 1. nationality, citizenship.
Ujerumani* sing. see Ujeremani. Cf. tawala.
2. totality, kwa -. in totality, in general. 2. tribalism, racism. Cf. kabila.
Cf. jumla.
ujeuri* sing. see jeuri. ujiti (njiti) 1. tall, slender tree. 2.: — waki-
. ... . ... nt 1_... ukadiri* sing. see ukadirifn.
ujusi*. udusi sing. 1. ujusi (the ritual impurity
uji sing, soup, gruel, porridge. — wa mtama of a new-born child until it has been ceremo- ukadirifu*, ukadiri sing. 1. estimate, appraisal,
(mchele). millet (rice) soup. ujogoo sing., rare daring, boldness, bravado.
nially washed). 2, (natural) smell (of animals). evaluation. 2. calculation, computation,
Cf. jogoo.
3.: fa -. die a natural death (of animals); settlement (of accounts).
(fig. 3. fig. estimation,
ujia (— ) passage(way), alley (between two of persons) want something very much, yearn judgment. 4. moderation, temperance.
ujoli* sing., arch, solidarity, fellow-feeling (of Cf.
houses). Cf. ja. for. 4. matter, pus. Cf. kijiisi. kadiri, kadirifu.
slaves). Cf. mjoli.
2
ujihamu* sing, self-defense. Cf. hamu. ujuu sing, height, eminence; top, peak. ukafiri*. ukufuru sing., Is I.
Cf. unbelief, infidelity;
*ujomba sing, relationship between maternal
sacrilege, blasphemy. Cf. kafiri, kufuru.
ujima sing, communal work, mutual aid,
uncles and nephews. Cf. mjomba.
neighborhood cooperation (in field work, ujuvi sing, impudence, insolence, boorishness, ukafu sing. see ukavu.
house-building); (comm.) collective, duka rudeness,
nJjomba Ujomba (the Swahili-speaking area maneno ya -. impudent language,
la — . cooperative store. Cf. mjima. fanya — be impudent/rude.
around Mombasa). Cf. Mjomba, Kijomba. .
Cf. % j ua , juvi. ukago sing., arch, protection (by means of
magic). 1
Cf. kaga, kago.
ujinamizi (ma-) see jinamizi.
ujotojoto sing., rare heat, warmth. Cf. joto, ujuzi, ujuizi sing, wisdom, intelligence;
Imoto. science, knowledge; experience; skill, com- ukaguzi sing, inspection, check(ing), examina-
ujinga sing, stupidity, ignorance, folly. Cf.
petence. — wa matumizi ya nguvu za umeme. tion. - wa skuli. school inspection. - wa
jinga. 2 jua,
ujuba* sing. 1. boldness, courage, fearlessness. electrical engineering. Cf. mjuzi. kitabu. examination of a book
(before print-
2. rare tyranny, oppression. Cf. mjuba. ing). Cf. kagua.
ujini* sing. 1. cunning, guile, wickedness.
uka rare go away, depart, appl. ukia. caus.
2. diabolical art, magic, sorcery. 3. arch..
ujuhula* sing. see ujahili. usha. Cf. mauko. ukahaba* sing, prostitution. Cf. kahaba.
ujinini loc. home of evil spirits. Cf. jini.
ujuizi sing. see ujuzi. ukaa sing., rare see ukaaji. ukaidi* sing, stubbornness, obstinacy; dis-
ujio (ma-) (action, manner, time of) coming,
obedience, recalcitrance, insubordination.
arriving. Cf. ja,
ujukuti (njukuti) see uchukuti. ukaaji (rare ukaa, ukao) sing, manner of living, Cf. kaidi.
way of life. Cf. *kaa.
ujira* sing, pay, wages, salary, fee. kazi hii
ujumbe sing. 1. delegation, deputation, peleka ukaimu* sing, position of a substitute/repre-
ni bure, haina — . This work is gratis; there
ukaango (-)
— . send a delegation. 2. message. — wako 1. (large) cooking-pot. 2. rare sentative/deputy /agent. Cf. âimu,
is no charge. Cf. ajiri. 1
nimeufikisha. have received your message. (action of) frying, cooking. kaanga. makamu.
I Cf.
3. petition. Cf. mjumbe; also jumbe, kijumbe.

ukakamavu 568 ukatazaji
ukatibu 569
ukinzani
ukakamavu sing, cunning, deceit, treachery. ukanda (kanda) 1. thong, strap, belt. 2. lace
kakamavu. — wa ukatibu* sing, position (duties, pay, etc.) of a
Cf. (of a shoe). 3. fig., geogr. zone, uketo sing, depth; chasm, abyss.
mvua. rainy/tropical zone. clerk/secretary. Cf. kitabu, katibu.
ukakasi sing, {also kakasi, —) 1. grinding/ uki sing. (dial, woki) honey. Cf. nyuki.
gnashing (of the teeth). - ugege. ukandamizwaji sing, suppression. Cf. kanda. ukatili* sing. 1. cruelty,
2. bloodthirstiness. 2.
massacre, atrocity. Cf. katili. ukigo (kigo) enclosure, fence, hedge.
ukakaya sing, extent, range. ukando sing. see kando.
ukavu, ukafu sing. 1. dryness. 2. fig. wit, ukili (kili) a strip of coconut-palm leaf
(used
ukali sing. 1. sharpness (of a knife, etc.). 2. ukano (— ) see ^mkano. humor. 3. fig.: - wa macho, impudence, for weaving mats).
acidity, sourness, bitterness (to the taste). nonchalence. usiniletee - wa macho. Don't
3. strength, intensity. — wa jua. intense heat ukao (ma- Sc kao) 1. residence, domicile; ...„ ^„ ...
4 ,uucntiy. ^j. *Kavu, kauka. ukiha i. intend, purpose, have in view; be
of the sun. 4. fig. severity, strictness, aus- housing. 2. seat, headquarters, makao intent upon, have designs on. 2. decide on,
terity, harshness. 5. fig. cruelty, fury; makuu ya chama hiki. headquarters of this ukawa sing. see ukawiaji. bring about.
tyranny. 6. fig. daring, bravery. 7. fig. party. 3. rare - ukaaji. Cf. kaa.
passion, temperament. ukawiaji, ukawio, ukawa sing, ukimwa

Cf. kali, makali. delay, lateness, sing, ill humor, bad temper, moodiness,
postponement. 3 kawa.
ukapitalisti* [Engl. J sing, capitalism. Cf. Cf. sulkiness. Cf. kimwa.
ukalifu* sing. 1. = ukali. 2. tension, intensity. mkapitalisti.
ukawio sing. see ukawiaji.
Cf. kalifu. ukinaifu* sing. 1. satisfaction, contentment.
ukarani* sing, position (duties, pay, etc.) of 2. self-satisfaction, complacency; conceit,
interpreting, translating.
ukaya (kaya) arch, ukaya (women's headdress,
ukalimani* sing., arch, a clerk/secretary. Cf. karani. presumption, arrogance. 3. self-sufficiency,
kind of turban).
Cf. kalima, mkalimani. independence. Cf. kinai, kinaifu.
ukarimu* sing, generosity, liberality; hospi-

ukazi (ma-) residence, home.
ukambaa* (— ) cord, rope (made of plaited strips tality; beneficence, charity. Cf. kirimu, Cf. Ikaa. ukind ani sing. see ukinzani.
of leaves). Cf. kamba. karimu.
uke (rare uanauke) sing. 1. womanhood, ukindu sing, ukindu (fibers from the leaf of
femininity; the female sex.
ukambi sing., med., rare measles. (= surua.) ukashifu* sing, slander, defamation, libel. 2. condition of the wild date palm; used for
weaving mats,
being a wife. 3. anat. vagina (= vulg. kuma). etc.).
Cf. kashifa, kashifu. Cf. kindu, mkindu.
2. barren- 4.: loc. ukeni. (relatives on) the mother's
ukame sing. 1. wilderness, desert.
kame. side of the family, huyu ni jamaa kwa ukeni ukingo (kingo)
ness (of land). Cf. ukasisi* sing., rel. priesthood. Cf. kasisi. 1. protection, shelter; defense.
kwetu. He is a relative of ours on our edge, margin, border, brink.
2. - wa mto.
mother's side. Cf. ke. edge of a
ukamili* sing. see ukamilifu. ukata* sing., rare privation, need, poverty. river. _ mnyofu. straightedge
Cf. kata, mkata. (= ruler). 3. parapet, balustrade, rail,
completeness, ukelele (-, ma-) cry, shout(ing), noise, up- banister.
ukamilifu*, ukamili sing. 1. 4. screen, curtain, awning.
Cf.
roar. Cf. kelele.
perfection. 2. fulfilment, accomplishment, ukatavu* sing., rare 1. renunciation, abandon- kinga.
consummation. 3. fig. unity. Cf. kamili. ment. 2. obstinacy, sullenness, Cf, kataa,
ukemi (-) call, cry, shout. Cf. kemea. ukinzani, ukindani (-, ma-)
katavu. 1. objection, pro-
ukamio sing. 1. threatening, menacing. 2. ex- test, rejoinder, contradiction,
opposition.
2 ukengee sing. see kengee. upande wa -. opposition
tortion. Cf. kama. ukatazaji* sing., rare prohibition. (= maka- in parliament. 2.
tazo.) Cf. ^kataa, kataza. obstructiveness, obstinacy, contentiousness.

ukengefu sing, deviation (from a proper course). Cf. kinza, kinzani.
disloyalty, desertion, backsliding, apostasy.
Cf. kengeua.
uki 570 ukombe ukombo 571 ukosekano
ukiri* sing. 1. recognition, acceptance, ukohozi (ma-) (us. makohozi) 1. coughing, ukombo (kombo) 1. rare bend, curve. ukonyezo (konyezo) {us. mkonyezo, mi-)
acknowledgment, assent, approval. 2. ad- respiratory disease. 2. phlegm, sputum. 2. ukombo (fee paid by a father to the 1. wink, sign, signal, warning. 2. hint,
mission, confession. — wa makosa. ad- Cf. kohoa. teacher upon completion of a boy's school- allusion. Cf. konyeza.
mission of errors. 3. acknowledgment of ing). Cf. komba, komboa.

receipt. Cf. *kiri. ukoja sing, bead necklace. Cf. Ikoja. ukonzo, ukonjo sing. see konzo.
ukomboleo sing. see ukombozi.
ukiuaji sing, transition. Cf. kiuka. ûkoka sing, ukoka (a kind of creeping *ukoo (koo) 1. (blood) relationship, family.
grass used for fodder). ukomboo sing. see ukombozi. 2. descent, pedigree, lineage. 3. clan.
ukivva sing. 1. solitude, loneliness, aban-
donment. 2. condition of an orphan/widow, ukombozi, ukomboo, ukomboleo sing, (also
^nlrnlra cine. distinrtinn. award, hnnnrarv 2 ..Un nknwn sinfr dirt filth, Mnclennli-
¥ ;
bereavement. 3. fig. poverty, want, dis- kombozi, ma-) 1. rescue, deliverance.

degree, yeye hakuwa daktari kweli ila ness. Cf. mkoo.
tress, nchi hii imepata/imeingiliwa na — 2. redemption, ransom(ing). 3. rel. re-
alivikwa kilemba cha — tu. He did not
Great distress has come upon this country. demption, salvation. 4. fine. 5. recent
earn his doctor's degree, it was given to ukopaji, ukopi sing. 1. credit, loan, ad-
4. fig. desolation, destruction, devasta- . money owed for a service, suti yangu
him (to flatter him). vance. 2. rare deception, fraud.
tion. Cf. kiwa, makiwa. imekwisha kushonwa, sasa bado — tu. My
Cf. kopa.
suit is finished; now I have to pay for it,
ukoko sing, hard crust, (caked or burnt) de-
ukivvi sing, condition of being dazzled/ Cf. komboa. o
2 posit (of foods, us. rice), amekula chaku- ukope (— ) eyelash, eyelid. Cf. kope.
blinded (by strong light). Cf. kiwi.
la kizuri, mimi akaniachia — tu. He has
ukomeshaji sing, (act of) bringing to an end, ukopi sing. see ukopaji.
eaten all the good food, and left only the
ukiziwi, uziwi sing, deafness. Cf. ziwi, termination, curtailment. — wa kwa
silaha
(burned) residue (at the bottom of the pot)
kiziwi.
nchi zote. general disarmament. Cf. koma. ukorofi* sing, ill-temper, malignity, hostil-
for me. Cf. kikoko.
ity; roughness, coarseness; brutality,
uko auxil. v. 1. you are there. — wapi? ukomo sing. 1. end, goaL, termination.
colonialism, wa- tyranny. Cf. korofi, mkorofi.
ukoloni* LEngl. J sing,
Where are you? 2. it is there.
2. euph. death, Cf. koma.
kati wa — . colonial times, period of co-
lonialism. — mambo leo. neo-colonialism. ukorogefu, ukorogo sing, mixing, mixture;

ukoa (-) = koa. ukomunisti* LEngl. j sing, communism.
— wa mlango wa back-door co- disorder, confusion; disturbance.
nyuma.
Cf. kikomunisti, mkomunisti. koroga.
lonialism, neo-colonialism. Cf. koioni, Cf.
ukodishaji* sing, (payment of) rent, rental.
mkoloni.
Cf. kodi.
ukonge (konge) sisal fiber. Cf. ^mkonge. ukorogo sing. see ukorogefu.
ukoma sing. med. leprosy, mwenye —

ukofi, ukufi (kofi, kufi) 1. (upturned) palm of ukongojo (kongojo) see mkongojo.
mgonjwa wa — . leper. ukosa, ukosefu, ukosekanaji sing. see
the hand. 2. handful (i.e., the amount of
ukosekano.
anything that will lie on the palm of the ukongwe sing, advanced old age, feebleness,
ukomba (— ) see ukombe.
hand). Cf. kofi. decrepitude. Cf. ^kongwe, *konga. ukosekano, ukosekanaji, ukosefu, ukosa
ukombe, ukomba (— ) 1. scraper (tool for sing, fault, defect; lack, want, absence;
ukoga sing. 1. deposit, incrustation. — wa ukonjo sing. see konzo.
hollowing out mortars, dugout canoes, deficiency, deficit, shortage; failure;
meno. tartar on the teeth. — wa maji.
etc.). 2. rare (small) spoon. 3. rare mistake, error. Cf. kosa.
foam/scum on water. 2. mold, mildew, ukono sing., hot. tendril. mkono.
Cf.
claw, talon. Cf. komba.
blight. 3. hot. lichen.
. )
ukosi 572 ukunde

ukunga 573
ulabibu
ukosi (— ) L rare nape of the neck. 2. col- ukulima sing, agriculture, farming, field
lar. - wa koti (shati). coat (shirt) collar. work. Cf. lima. ukunga sing. 1. midwifery, obstetrics, ana- ukuzaji sing, (stock) raising/breeding,
kosi. do-
Cf. fanya kazi ya -. She is employed as a mid- mestication (of animals); cultivation
ukulivu sing. see ukulifu. (of
wife. 2. fee paid a midwife. 2
Cf. kunga, plants). Cf. *kua, mkuzaji.
ukowo sing. see ^ykoo, ^mkunga.
ukumbaji, ukumbizi sing, pushing, shoving,
ukwaju (kwaju) tamarind (used in tanning).
Ukristo* LPort.J sing. Christianity. jostling. Cf. *kumba. ukungu (kungu & ma-) 1. mold, mildew; fungus, chakula kina -. The food has turned
Cf. Kikristo, Mkristo. lichen. damp, moisture; mist, fog.
2. sour. Cf. kwaju, mkwaju.
ukumbi (kumbi) 1. front room of a house,
ukuaji sing, growth. vestibule, hall, anteroom. 2. porch,

Cf. *kua. ukunguni sing, laziness, indolence, idleness. ukware sing, sensuality, lasciviousness,
veranda. 3. corridor. 4. tribal initiation rr 1 _i.._.. o
-,. ...1VU11
K UIU. lust. Lf. "kware, mkware.
ukubali* sing, (also kabuli, kibali, ikibali) rites.
1. assent, agreement, approval, concur- ukunguru sing. see mkunguru. ukwasi sing., rare wealth, luxury, comfort.
rence. — wake utatusaidia. His approval 'ukumbizi sing, sweeping up/away, removal,
Cf. kwasi, mkwasi.
will help us. 2. concord, harmony. elimination. Cf. kumba. ukungwi sing, the work (methods, pay, etc.)
Cf. kubali. of a kungwi, q.v. 2
Cf. kunga. ukwato (kwato) see kwato.
ûkumbizi sing. see ukumbaji.
ukubwa sing. 1. size, dimensions, capacity, ukuni (kuni) piece of firewood. ukwe sing. 1. relationship through one's
volume. 2. greatness, significance, im- ukumbizo sing., rare open veranda. wife, relatives of one's wife, ninakwenda
portance. 3. power, authority. — wa jeshi. Cf. ukumbi. ukunjufu sing, good ukweni. am going to
spirits, cheerfulness, I visit my wife's
army command. 4. manhood, prime, loc. geniality, gaiety, exuberance. family.
Cf. kunja, 2. (in gen.) relationship/relatives
ukubwani. in one's prime. Cf. kubwa. ukumbuko sing, memory, recollection. kunjufu. by marriage, in-laws. Cf. mkwe.
Cf. kumbuka.
ukucha 1. (kucha) fingernail, toenail. ukurasa* (kurasa) ukweli sing,
sheet (of paper), page/leaf truth, truthfulness, frankness.
2. (ma-) claw, talon, hoof, piga — ukumbuo (— see ukumbuu. (of a book), leaflet. Cf. kweli.
scratch. Cf. ^kucha, kikuchia.
ukumbusho sing, reminder, souvenir; me- ukurugenzi ukwezi sing, work (methods, pay, etc.) of a
sing., rare leadership, pioneering
ukufi (kufi) see ukofi. morial, monument. Cf. kumbuka. climber (= mkwezi, one
spirit. Cf. mkurugenzi, who makes his
living by gathering coconuts).
Cf. kwea.
ukufuru* sing. see ukafiri. ukumbuu, ukumbuo (— ) strip of cloth, ukuruti sing. see ukurutu.
scarf, sash; bandage, sling. ulaanifu*, ulaanizi sing, cursing, damnation,
ukukwi(kukwi) ukukwi (a species of harmless
ukurutu, ukuruti acha kufanya mambo ya -.
sing., med. itch, rash, acne. Cease doing
snake). ukumvi (— ) (empty) husk, chaff, bran. things which are damnable. Cf. laana,
ukuta (kuta) stone wall. laanifu.
Cf. kikuta.
ukulifu, ukulivu sing, lack of perseverance/ ukunde (kunde; us. pi.) (kind of) bean.
courage/grit, slackness, remissness, indol- Cf. mkunde. ukuti (kuti) single frond of a coconut-palm ulaanizi* sing. see ulaanifu.
ence, carelessness, apathy, resignation.
leaf {cf. kuti), palm branch.
Cf. *kua, kulivu. ulabibu* sing, endurance, perseverance,
ukuu sing. 1. greatness, eminence, distinc- persistency, pertinacity, stubbornness.
tion. 2. superiority. Cf. kuu.

ulafi 574 ulevi 575 ulipizi
ulanga sing, mica, talc. ânga, angaa.

mania, weakness, sigara ndio - wake. He ulimwengu (ma-) 1.' world, universe,
ulafi sing, greed(iness), gluttony, usile kwa Cf.
is a confirmed smoker (lit. cigarettes are ndiyo — That is the way of the world.
— . Don't eat so greedily. Cf. lapa, lafua.
.
his mania/weakness). 3. spirits, alcohol. —a — . universal. 2. sky. 3. environ-

Ulaya* sing. 1. Europe. Cf. ulayiti.
Cf. lewa, levi. ment, surroundings, living conditions,
ulaga dial,, arch, strike dead, kill. 2. district (= wilaya).
ana — mgumu. He has a hard life. Cf. ki-
1
ulezi (rare ulesi) (ma-) (kind of) millet. limwengu, malimwengu, mlimwengu.
ulaghai* sing. see uragai.
ulayiti*, ulaiti sing. 1. ulayiti (unbleached
pombeya-. millet beer. Cf. mlezi.
cotton cloth of European manufacture).
ulindi sing, ulindi (the 'female' of a pair of
ulaika (ma-) see laika.
2. (in gen.) something of European manu-
firesticks; cf. wimbombo, upekecho).
ulezi (ma-) (us. malezi) (work, methods,
facture. Cf. Ulaya.
nlaini*. nl a in fn i sing. 1. softness, matunda pay, etc. of) caring for/nursing/educating
uliiiganilu, ulinganyilu sing. 1. agreement,
haya hayana — wa kutosha. This fruit is not (children), amewapa watoto wake malezi
ule dem. pron. of the m- and u- classes conformity, harmony. 2. equilibrium, sym-
soft enough. 2. fig. gentleness. Cf. laini. mazuri. He has brought his children up
that. metry. Cf. linga, linganifu.
well. Cf. lea.
ulainifu* sing. see ulaini.

uledi* (— ) 1. naut. cabin boy. 2. pr. n. ulinganisho sing, comparison, adaptation,
ulia appl. of ua.
masc. accommodation. Cf. Minga.
ulaiti* sing. see ulayiti.
ulili (ma-) 1. ulili (a wooden bedstead).

ulingano. sing, likeness, similarity.
ulaji sing. 1. (act, manner of) eating, nour- ulegeo sing. see ulegevu. 2. ethn. ulili (a shrine where offerings are
Cf. *linga.
-
ishment, sustenance, food and drink. 2. made to spirits).
l
ulafi. Cf. \a. ulegevu, ulegeo sing. 1. exhaustion, slack-
ulinganyifu sing. see ulinganifu.
ness, limpness, weakness, enervation, ulimaji sing, (work, methods, pay, etc. of)
ulalamishi, ulalamizi sing. 1. appeal, sup- — kazi yetu tutaimaliza mape- cultivation, agriculture. lima.
msipofanya Cf.
ulingo (lingo & ma-) platform (for the watch-
plication, plea. 2. groaning, moaning. ma. If you don't go limp we'll finish our
man guarding a field), amelala juu ya —
Cf. lalama. work ahead of time. 2. laziness, careless- ulimbo, urimbo sing, ulimbo (the sticky sap
apate kulinda mihogo yake. He slept on
ness, inattentiveness. Cf. lega, legevu. of various plants used as birdlime or glue),
the platform in order to guard his manioc
ulalamizi sing. see ulalamishi. prof.: Penye urembo udipo penye urimbo.
plants. Cf. kilingo.
Where there is beauty there is also a trap.
uleoleo sing, state of half-consciousness.
ulalo (ma-) 1. rare (place, manner, etc. of)
Cf. lewa. ulinzi sing. 1. guarding, watching, sur-
lying down/sleeping. 2. something laid ulimbwende sing. 1. elegance, fashionable
veillance. 2. supervision, control.
down (e.g., a log across a stream). Cf. dress. 2. undue attention to dress.
ulesi sing., rare see ulezi. 3. defense. Chama eha— cha UNO.
lala.
Security Council of the UN. Cf. linda.
ulimi (ndimi) anat. tongue, ana — mzito.
see uramali. uletaji sing, delivery, supply. Cf. leta. He lisps/does not pronounce clearly, mtoto
ulamali* sing.
ulio (— ) rare dish, platter. Cf. Ma.
ana — mzito. The child is having trouble
ulambilambi, urambirambi sing, ulambilambi ulevi sing, (also malevi pi.) 1. drunken- learning to talk, kama — na mate. They
ulipizi (ma-) (us. malipizi) 1. enforced
(early stage in the growth of the coconut, ness, intoxication, dipsomania. 2. (in gen.) are inseparable (friends) (lit. like tongue
payment, exaction, extortion. 2. repay-
when the meat is still quite soft; also the and saliva). Cf. limi, kilimi, mlimi.
ment; (fig.) retaliation, revenge. Cf. lipa.
meat itself at this stage). Cf. lamba, la-
mbilambi.
ulisha 576
577
umbo
ulishaji sing, causing to eat, feeding. — wa umana. hurt each other, prof, meno ya
umana ass. of ûma. umba form, shape, make,
viapo. administering of an oath. Cf. Ma. mbwa hayaumani. A dog's teeth do not (rel.) create.
bite each other, caus. umiza. injure, - vyungu. form/make clay pots. appl.
2 umana umbia.
ulitima*, ultima, uritima LPort. A sing. 1. rare cause pain. 4. (uma, nyuma, mauma) 1. close, fit together (of doors, win- intr. umbika & pass, umbwa.
unemployment, inactivity. 2. poverty, dis- pointed implement (awl, punch, etc.); fork, dows, etc.). 2. form a line, queue up. ameumbika/ameumbwa vizuri. He is attrac-
tive in appearance/is handsome,

tress. 3. cards the last trump card in the rake; (rare) sting (of an insect; = msumari, watu wameumana toka sokoni mpaka posta. inv.
kiuma, mwumizi, umivu, umi- People were lined up from the market to the umbua. 1. disfigure, deform, distort, muti-
game of Arbastini. mwiba). Cf.
post office. late. 2. spoil, destroy. 3. kill. 4. cor-
rupt, demoralize, inv.-appl. umbuliwa.
uliwali* sing, position (duties, pay, etc.) of
umaarufu* sing., rare fame, renown. umande sing, mist, fog, dew; cool/damp (of
inv. -intr. umbuka. inv. -ass. umbuana.
a liwali, q.v.
revile/inKMlt/«la n der each other. C. u-' '-
Cf. arifu, maarufu. niont,Lii% ur evening).
le, kiumbe, îumbo, maumbile, muumba,
uliza ask (about), inquire, question, interro-
skill, cleverness, deft-
muumbuzi.
gate, appl. ulizia. intr. ulizika. mam bo umahiri* sing. 1. iumanga (_) plain food (without relish).
ness. 2. tact. Cf. mahiri.
yenyewe hayauliziki. One should not ask Cf. *manga.
umbali (rare ubali) sing, distance, remote-
questions about this matter. Cf. ulizo.
ness, enye - sawa. equidistant. Cf.
umaji, umajimaji sing. 1. fluid/liquid
Umanga* sing., rare Arabia, the Arabian mbali.
state. 2. damp, moisture. 3. vapor.
ulizi (ma-) crying, screaming (of a child). Peninsula. (= Uarabu.) Cf. Manga.
Mia. Cf. maji.
Cf.
umbea sing, talebearing, scandalmongering,
umaridadi* sing. see umalidadi. gossip. mbea, mmbea.
see umaji. Cf.
(ma-) (us. maulizo) question, inquiry, umajimaji sing.
ulizo
investigation, interrogation. Cf. uliza.

umasihiya* sing. Christianity. (= Ukristo.) umbcle, ubele sing. 1. the future.
Engl. J sing. 2. ad-
umakanika*, umekanika I
Cf. masihiya. vancement, progress. 3. = mbele. 4. pol.
magic, witchcraft. loga. work (methods, pay, etc.) of a mechanic.
ulozi sing, Cf.
front. — mkubwa wa pamoja. a broad,
Cf. makanika.
umasikini* sing. see umaskini. united front. _ wa kuikombowa nchi. Na-
ultima* sing. see ulitima.
tional Liberation Front. 5. rare forward-
iUmalaya* [Engl.~] sing. Malaya.
umaskini*, umasikini sing, poverty, distress, ness, presumption. mbele.
Cf.
uluzi, uruzi {also mluzi, mwunzi) sing.
misery, ana — wa roho. He has a bad dis-
whistle, whistling, piga -. to whistle. malaya.
ûmalaya* sing, prostitution. Cf. position. He is unfriendly /unpleasant. ^mbia soar, glide (of birds); flare up (a fire).
Cf. maskini.
uma 1. bite, nimeumwa na mbwa. I have care,
umalidadi*, umaridadi sing. 1.
He "ûmbia appl. of umba.

been bitten by a dog. njaa inamwuma. neatness, elegance (of dress). 2. fash- umathubuti* sing, firmness, hardness, so-
is very hungry (lit. hunger bites him). ionable clothing. 3. excessive attention lidity, stability, durability, Cf. thabiti,
hurt, be painful, kidonda hiki kinaniu- umbile, umbo (ma-) (us. maumbile) 1. (nat-
2. to one's appearance, overdressing. Cf. uthabiti.
ma. This wound hurts me. 3. sting, wa- ural, original) condition, shape, form, fig-
malidadi.
These insects sting. ure, appearance, sheria ya maumbile.
dudu hawa wanauma. umati* sing. 1. large gathering, crowd, tume-
hurt/sting natural law. 2. quality, property, feature.
appl. umia (& pass. umwa). umama motherhood, maternity.
sing, kuta — wa watu. We found a large crowd of
3. forming, fashioning. 4. rel. creation.
(someone), nimeumia (nimeumwa) mkono- mama.
Cf. people. 2, followers, adherents. — wa
Cf. umba.
ni. I have been stung on the arm. ass. Nabii Muhamadi. followers of Muhammad,
Muhammadans. umbo sing. see ibile.
unenaji
umbu 578
hana — wa kuendelea. He cannot live much unajimu* sing, astronomy, astrology.

umbu sing., arch. (dial, dumbu) umbu (term umio (mio) anat. 1. throat, larynx. 2. rare
longer. 2. time, period, siwezi kungoja Cf. mnajimu.
of address used between brother and sister) esophagus, trachea. Cf. kimio, mio.
mpaka — kiyama. I can't live forever.
unajisi* sing., Isl. (ritual) impurity, unclean-

umbua inv. of umba. umito sing, swelling (of the feet of a preg-
umua 1. take/steal away, deprive of; confis- liness; desecration, defilement. Cf. najisi.
nant woman).
cate. 2. cause fermentation, put yeast in
umbuji* sing. 1. elegance, grace, distinction
bread flour. 3. inv. of umika. intr. umuka, unanasi* \_Pers.j sing, fiber of the pine-
(us. in external appearance J. 2. good umivu {rare umo) (ma-) (us. maumivu) pain,
umka. 1. swell up, ferment. 2. inv.-intr. apple plant (used as thread). Cf. mnanasi.
manners. mmbuji. ache, sting: torment, suffering. Cf. uma.
Cf.
of umika.
umiza caus. of uma. unda build, make, construct, fit together, as-
1 .J. 1 _1 . . - . 1- n r.
umuka intr. of umua. semble, form. — slima. build a ship.

courageous, strong. 3. /ig., of things big,
umizi (ma-) (us. maumizi) harm, injury. — injini. construct a machine, prov. uki-
strong, firm, solid. Cf. dume, kiume, kuume,
Cf. uma. ûmuka kiona (chombo) kikielea kimeundwa. Keep
inv.-intr. of umika.
maume, mume, mwanamume, ndume, uume.
a thing in good condition; then it will stay
umka good. Cf. kiunda, kiunza, kiunzi, mwunda,

intr. of umua. umungu sing, deity, divinity (of God, Allah).
9
'lime sing. see uume. mwundaji, mwundo, nyundo, lunula ji, uunzi.
Cf. mungu, uungu.
'umo (maumo) see umivu.
umekanika* sing. see umakanika. remove honey from a beehive.
umwene sing. see umivinvi. ûnda
umo auxil. v. det. 1. 2nd pers. sing, you

umeme sing. 1. lightning. 2. irradiation.
undani sing. 1. (secret) grudge, hatred,
are in (the previously mentioned...) 2. 3rd umwinyi (dial, umwene) sing. 1. office
3. electricity. Cf. memeteka. ukigonibana nave habari huisha pale pale,
pers. sing., m- and u- cl. he (she, it) is in (status, duties, etc.) of a chief. 2. rec,
comm. feudalism. mwenye. hana — (tena). When people dispute about
(the previously mentioned...) Cf.
umhali* (— ) see muhali. a matter it should be gradually settled and
not leave a grudge behind. 2. innermost
umoja sing. 1. oneness, unity, union, kwa una auxil. v. 1. 2nd pers. sing, you have.
umika 1, bleed (a person) by cupping, cup feelings, toa — . reveal one's innermost
— . unanimously. — vva Mataifa. United 2. 3rd pers. sing., m- and u- cl. he (she,
(for blood). 2. make an incision. 3. fasten
feelings, azimioya— . ulterior motive.
Nations. — wa nchi za Afrika (UNA). Or- it) has.
a vessel below a gash in a palm tree (in or-
ndani,
Cf.
ganization for African Unity (OAU). unda
der to catch the sap), tap a palm tree. 4. put
— . form a union, prov. — ni nguvu. Union
a vessel to one's lips (in order to drink); ûna (— ) una (kind of fish).
undu (nyundu) cock's comb.
is strength. 2. concord, harmony, agree-
take a long draft/drink, appl. umikia.
ment, 3. identity. 4. gramm. (jumla
pembe ya kuumikia. an instrument for cup- unadhifu* sing, cleanliness, neatness, order- uncemefu* sing. see uneemevu.
ya — ) singular. Cf. moja.
ping (us. the horn of a goat), inv. umua. liness. Cf. nadhifu.
take off a bleeding cup. inv.-intr. umuka. uneomevu*, uncemefu sing, plenty, abun-
umoto, umotomoto sing. 1. warmth, heat.
Cf. muumishi, ndumiko, uumikaji. unafiki* sing, deceit, hypocrisy, dissimula- dance, profusion. Cf. neema,' neemevu.
2. fig. passion, temperament. Cf. *moto.
tion. Cf. mnafiki.
umiko sing. see ndumiko. unenaji, uneni sing. 1. (power of) speech,
umotomoto sing. see umoto.
unaibu* sing., rare deputyship. Cf. naibu. speaking. 2. fluency, eloquence. 3. turn
umilele* sing, eternity, perpetuity, perma- —

umri* sing. I. age (of a person), hana
nence. Cf. milele.
wa kutosha. He is not yet very old.
. .
580 ungua 581 unyao
*ungua be burnt/baked/scorched/singed/ ununuzi sing. 1. buying, purchasing.

of speech, manner of speaking, - wake ha- 2 ungama stat. of 2 unga.
tukuupenda. His manner of speaking did not hardened/damaged (by fire). _ moto. be 2. price, offer, bid, quotation. — wa
damaged by fire, fig.; anaungua rohoni. ng'ombe umekatazwa. The quotation on
impress us. Cf. *nena.
ûngamo (ma-) admission, confession.
It affected him very deeply cattle has gone down. Cf. nunua.
(lit. scorched
Cf. lungama.
his soul), appl. ungulia. 1. apply
unene sing, stoutness, fatness, corpulence. fire to
something, burn, bake, fire (pottery). 2. fig.

unyaa sing. 1. filth, excrement. 2. fig.
Cf, nene.
ûngamo sing, a yellow pigment. Cf, mwu- have heartburn (from indigestion), disgust, repugnance. Cf.
2 nvara| kinyaa.
caus.
ngamo. unguza. burn, scorch, singe, sear.
uneni sing. see unenaji.
Cf. unguzo, kiungulia, kiunguza. unyago sing., ethn. unyago (ceremonies and
unganisho (ma-) union, association, federa- dances marking the initiation of children
l|ln
Ka 1. mPfll, flour. _ wa mtarna, rnillpr
tion. o/. "unga. as adult members of a tribe). Cf. kinyago,
ûngua inv. of unga.
flour. — wa mahindi. cornmeal. kanda —
manyago.
knead dough. 2. anything ground fine or
ung'aro sing., rare brightness, luster.
Unguja sing. Zanzibar. Cf. Kiunguja.
pulverized, powder. — wa mbao. sawdust.
Cf. ng'aa. unyaji sing, evacuation (of the bowels),
urination. Cf. nya.
unguza caus. of ûngua.
2 unga 1. mix. — mchuzi. stir soup. 2. join, *ungo sing. 1. anat. hymen, vunja —
connect, fasten together. — mbao. join begin to menstruate. 2. virginity. unguzo sing., rare (act unyakuzi sing., rare see unyang'anyi.
of) burning, baking,
boards/planks. — mfupa. set a bone. — scorching, searing. Cf. ûngua.
mkono. support. 3. fig.: — hesabu. count/ 2 ungo, ungu (ma-) {arch, lungo; us. maungo)
unyama sing. 1. nature/behavior of an ani-
add up. 4. secure, consolidate, establish. mal. 2. fig. brutishness, beastliness,
1. joint. 2. member (of the body). 3. back, ungwana sing. see uungwana.
siku hizi ameunga. His (financial) situation bestiality; stupidity; coarseness, brutality,
backbone. 4. (maungo) (entire) body,
is secured, ass. ungana. 1. mix together. amefanya — . He behaved like a beast/was
maungo yoteyanamwuma. His entire body unjukuti see uchukuti.
2. join/fit together. 3. unite, combine. brutal. 3. fig., chem. protein. Cf. mnyama.
aches. Cf. ûnga.
ass.-intr. uriganika. be combined/united. unong onezi sing., rare whispering, rumor.
ass. -cans, unganisha. bring together, join, unyamafu sing. see unyamavu.
ungo (nyungo & ma-) ungo (a flat basket Cf. nong'ona, mnong'ono.
glue together; combine, stat. ungama.
used for winnowing grain).
stat.-ass. ungamana. be connected/cohe- unyamavu, unyamafu sing., rare quiet, sil-
unono sing. 1. fatness (of animals). 2. fig.
sive/coherent/interdependent, inv. ungua. ence, taciturnity. Cf. nyamaa, nyamavu.
ungojaji, ungoje, ungojezi sing, position comfort, luxury. Cf. nona.
separate, take apart, detach, disconnect.
(duties, pay, etc.) of a watchman or guard.
inv.-appl. ungulika. be separable/divis- unyang'anyi (rare unyakuzi) sing, seizure,
Cf. ngoja. ununaji, ununo sing, sullenness, bad temper,
2 1
ible/detachable. Cf. ungo, kiunga, ki- plundering, robbery, brigandage, depreda-
discontentment; complaining, grumbling.
ungo, maungo, miungano, muungo, uunga- tion, extortion. Cf. nyang'anya.
ung'ongo (ng'ongo) strip of palm leaf (used Cf. nuna.
nishaji.
for weaving baskets).
unyanya sing, feeling of superiority, arro-
ununo sing, see ununaji.
gance., disdain, contempt, aloofness.
lungama 1. admit, grant, concede, confess
ûngu (ma-) see ûngo.
Cf. ^nyanya.
(also rel.)f 2. allow, acknowledge, recog- ununu (numi) ununu (fiber from the stalk of
nize, appl. ungamia. caus. ungamisha. 2 ungu the coconut-palm leaf).

(nyungu) see chungu. unyao sing. see unyayo.
cause to confess, (Tel.) hear a confession.
Cf. ungamo, mwungama, mwungamishi,

*mwungamo, uungamaji.
unyarafu 582
unyong onyevu 583 uombaji
unyesi, unyezi (ma-) {us. kinyesi) 1. ex-

unyarafu sing. 1. disgust, repugnance.
n
yu hali gani? How is our ailing friend? 2. liquid, beverage. 3. rare dampness,
_ cretion, elimination. 2. excrement, urine.
Cf. nyara, nyarafu. 2. rare - unyanya. vvorthlessness, insignificance.
2. 3. low- moisture, humidity. Cf. nywa.
Cf. nya.
ness, meanness, baseness, naona — ku-
unyasi (nyasi & ma-) (blade of) grass, reed, ianya jambo hili. It seems to me a mean unywele, unyele (nywele, nyele) (a single
unyeti sing. 1. conceit, vanity, arrogance,
straw (used for thatching). Cf. nyasi. trick to do this. Cf. nyonge, human) hair, nywele za singa. long,
presumption, impudence, insolence. 2. ir-
straight hair (like that of Europeans).
ritability, sensitiveness. Cf. nyeta.
unyaufu sing, drying up, shrivelling, wasting unyong onyevu sing. see unyogofu. nywele za kipilipili. hair in wooly tufts,
away, languishing. Cf. nyauka. 'peppercorn' hair.
unyevu, unyefu sing, {also mnyefu, mi-)
unyonyaji sing., fig. exploitation. Cf. nyonya,
dampness, humidity, moisture, ardhi hapa
nnyayn. unyao (nyayo) trace, footprint, track iinvwele n fma-1 sre UnveU
ina - sana. The earth is very damp here
(of an animal). Cf. wayo. unyounyo adv. see unyo.
{lit. has dampness). Cf. nya.
uo (nyuo) cover (of a book, etc.); envelope,
unyefu sing. see unyevu. unyoya (nyova or ma-) feather; (single wrapper; case, sheath (of a knife), scab-
unyezi (ma-) see unyesi.
strand of) down, (animal) hair, wool. bard.
unyege sing. see nyege.

unyimivu sing, stinginess, miserliness.
unyozi sing. 1. work (methods, pay, etc.) of uofisa* \_Engl. J sing. see uafisa.
Cf. nyima, nyimivu.
unyele (nywele) see unywele. a barber, hairdresser; haircutting, shaving,
— wake uoga sing. see woga.

etc. 2. (style of) haircut, coiffure.
adv. close together, in close
unyo, unyounyo
unyeleo (nyeleo) see kinyeleo. ni rnbava. He (she) does not have a good
order, simama -. stand close together.
uogeleaji sing, bathing, swimming.
haircut (coiffure). Cf. nyoa.
noise, uproar. Cf. loga.
unyeme sing,
1. straightness. 2. straight-
unyofu sing.
unvumba sing. 1. household, housekeeping,
forwardness, honesty, integrity. Cf. nyoka,
uokaji sing., rare roasting, baking, culinary
unyende, unyenje sing, cry, call. domesticity. 2. married state, married life,
nyofu. art. Cf. oka.
relation of man and wife, pa — . fulfill
unyenje sing. see unyende. one's marital duties, mvunja — . adulterer.

unyogofu sing. see unyogovu. reward (for finding a lost ob-
uokosi sing,
Cf. nyumba.
unyenyekevu. ject). Cf. okota.
unyenyekeo sing. see
sing.
unyogovu, unyogofu, unyong'onyevu
unyumbufu sing, flexibility. Cf nyumbua,
sluggishness, languidness, slowness; uokotaji sing. 1. finding, picking up.
unyenyekevu, unyenyekeo sing. 1. modesty,
nyumbufu.
weariness, exhaustion; weakness. 2. find, discovery. 3. = uokosi.
reticence. 2. humility, deference, obsequi-
Cf. nyong'onyea. Cf. okota.
ousness, servility. Cf. nyenya, nyenyekevu. (single hair of the)
unyushi, unyusi (nyushi)
anat. hip, thigh, side. eyebrow. Cf. ushi.

unyonga (nyonga) 1. uokozi, wokozi sing, saving, rescue, de-
unyenyevu sing, see kinyenyevu.
2. = Hinyonga. 3.: enda -. rare limp,
liverance, salvation. Cf. ôkoa.
Inyonga. unyusi sing. see unyushi.
hobble (= enda chopi). Cf.
unyenyezi sing. 1. mist, fog, haze. 2. hazi-
uombaji sing, (habitual, professional) beg-
ness, vagueness, indistinctness. unywaji sing. 1. (manner of) drinking, ab-
unyonge sing. 1. weakness, feebleness ging, mendicancy. Cf. omba.
mwenye - sorbing. — wa pombe siku hizi umezidi.
(due to illness), rafiki yetu
unyeo sing, tickling, itching. Cf. nyea.
Beer-drinking is on the increase today.
upakuzi upamba 585 upatanisho
584
uombezi, uombi sing, entreaty, supplication; uovu (ma-) badness, wickedness, evil, cor-
i
upamba (pamba) 1. upamba (a knife or bill- upanga (panga) 1. sword, makali (maungo)
hook used for tapping palm trees). 2. sickle.
ya — . edge (back) of a sword, fig. — wa
petition, application. Cf. omba. ruption, immorality, viciousness, wrong.
walitufanyia mambo ya — sana. They have 3. small hoe (used for weeding). jogoo. cock's comb. — wa suruali.
done us a great wrong. ovu. crease of trousers. 2. a wooden imple-

uombi sing. see uombezi. Cf.
ment used by weavers to tighten threads.
ûpamba (pamba) tusk (of a boar).
uonevu {rare uonezi, uono, uonyo) (ma-) uozi (ma-) rare marriage ceremony, wedding.
oa, ndoa.
upangaji sing. 1. (act, terms, etc. of) hiring,
1. warning, notification, exhortation, —a Cf.
ûpamba* [Pers.] (-) see kipamba.
— . ominous. 2. bullying, oppression.
renting, leasing. 2. (money paid for) rent,
— wa — wa upaa, upara sing. 1. baldness, bald spot. hire. Cf. panga.

3. rec: kitaila. chauvinism.
upambano sing. 1. comparison. 2. collision,
kitaifa wa nchi kubwa. great-power chau- 2. crown of the head. 3. rec. (use of)
conflict, disagreement. Cf. pambana. upanuzi sing., rare widening, broadening,
vinism. Cf. ona. cosmetics, makeup. Cf. para.
expansion. Cf. *pana, panua.
upambanuzi sing. 1. selecting, sorting out.
uonezi (ma-) see uonevu. upadre* \_Port.j sing. (Roman Catholic)
2. (power of) discrimination. Cf. pambana. upanzi sing. see. ûpandaji.
priesthood, holy orders. Cf. padre.
uongo sing. see uwongo.

upambo (ma-) {us. mapambo) decoration, fur- upao (pao) see upau.
upagazi sing. 1. work (duties, pay, etc.) of
nishing (of a house); furniture. Cf. Upamba.
a porter, transport (business). 2. witch-
uongofu sing. see wongofu.
upapasa sing, upapasa (pastry made of
craft. Cf. pagaa.
upana 1. (ma-) breadth, width; diameter. manioc flour and coconut juice).
uongozi sing, leadership, management.
2.: mapana adv. far and wide; thoroughly,
upaja (paja) see paja.
Cf. ongoa.
inside out. anaijua nchi — na — He knows upapi (papi) 1. long thin strip of wood or
the country inside out. Cf. *pana. metal, beading, stripping, papi za msu-
upaji sing. 1. us. rel. gift (of God) 2. in
uonjaji sing. 1. sense of taste. 2. tasting,
meno. sawblade strips, papi zenye ma-
gen. generosity^ liberality, hospitality.
sampling, testing. Cf. onja. gololi. bearing strips. 2. gore, gusset
Ipa. ûpandaji, upanzi sing, sowing, planting;
Cf.
(in clothing).
time for planting. Cf. panda.
uono (ma-) see uonevu.
upakiaji sing. see upakizi.
upara 1. apply makeup (powder, lipstick,
ûpandaj.i sing, ascending, climbing.
uonyesho (ma-) see wonyesho. etc.). 2. sing. - upaa.
upakio sing. see upakizi. Cf. panda.
uonyo sing. see uonevu. upasi sing, trouble, annoyance, difficulty.

upakizi, upakiaji, upakio sing. 1. loading, upande (pande) {also mpande, mi-) 1. side.
fanzia — . cause trouble for someone.
putting on board (a ship), stowing cargo. pande zote. on all sides. — huu (ule) wa
uoshaji sing. 1. rare washing (clothes ). Cf. pata.
2. cargo, freight. 3. (loading) crane. mto. this side (the other side) of the river.
2. preparation of a corpse for burial.
4. shipping cost, freight, carriage* 2. direction. — wa kaskazini (kuzini).
Cf. osha. i upataji sing. 1. value, price. 2. purchas-
5. plastering, stucco work. Cf. pakia, northerly (southerly) direction. 3. part,
ing power. Cf. pata.
*paka. section, district (of a country/city).
uotaji, uoto sing, growing, growth (of plants ).
4. wing (of a building/ army). 5. prep, by,
— waj>amba. the growth of the cotton. upatanisho sing, reconciliation, arbitration,
unloading, discharging near, beside. 6. adv. aside; sideways,
Cf. iota. upakuzi sing. 1.
pacification. pata.
Cf.
(cargo, freight). 2. serving (of food). awry. Cf. kipande.
sing., rare see uotaji. Cf. ipakia.

uoto
upatano 586 upendelevu
upendezi 587 upimaji
upatano sing. see patano. upekuzi sing. 1. curiosity, inquisitiveness, upendezi (ma-) 1. agreeableness, amiability, ka. the wind is changing, punga — . 1. get
2. search, inquiry, investigation. 3. fault- kindness, charm. 2. pleasure (over some- fresh air, go for a change of air. 2. fan
upatikanaji sing., rare obtaining, procuring, finding, criticism. Cf. pekua, pekuzi. thing), delight, happiness, 3. = upendo. oneself. Cf. pepa.
receipt, delivery. Cf. pata. Cf. penda.
upele (pele) me d. itch, skin-rash/eruption,
upesi 1. sing, speed, velocity; haste.
upatilivu, upatilizo (ma-) rare blame, re- acne, scabies. upendo, upenzi (rare upendezi) (ma-) love, 2. adv. quickly, speedily, fast, fanya
proach, accusation, punishment, Cf. pata. affection, liking. Cf. penda. kazi -. work fast, sema -. talk fast.
upelekaji sing., rare delivery, transmittal,
Cf. epesi, wepesi.
upatilizo (ma-) see upatilivu. conveyance. Cf. peleka.
upendwa sing, state of being liked/loved.
Cf. penda. upeto (peto) 1. fold, roll. 2. something

upato (ma-) see pato. upelelezi sing, spying, espionage, recon-
folded/rolled: package, bundle. Cf. lpeta.
naissance, ndege za — . reconnaissance
upenu (penu) space covered by the projecting
upatu* [}nd. J (patu) 1. gong. 2. gifts pre- plane. Cf. peleleza. upevu sing,
roof of a house, (small) addition to a house, ripeness, maturity. Cf. pevua,
sented on a tray to the bride and groom at
lean-to. pevu.
a wedding. upembe (pembe) 1. naut. the upper corner
of a triangular sail. 2. fig.: ananitazama upenyaji, upenyezi upi see pi.

(ma-, penyaji, penyezi)
upau, upao (pau, pao) one of the poles laid kwa — . He looks askance at me,
secret/surreptitious/underhanded action,
across the rafters of a native hut to sup- Cf. 2p em b e , upigaji, upigiaji
smuggling, bribery; insinuation. Cf. penya. sing. 1. striking, beating,
port the thatch. = Ipao.)
(
blows. 2.: — wa picha. photography.
upembo (pembo) upembo (a hooked stick for
— (wa) kura. casting votes, voting.
upenyezi sing. see upenyaji.
upawa (pawa) 1. a ladle made of coconut pulling down fruit). Cf. Ipemba.
Cf. piga.
shell. 2. in gen. (wooden) ladle.
upenzi (ma-) see upendo.
upendaji (ma-) inclination, propensity, pre-
upiganaji sing. 1. fight, battle. 2. rivalry,
upayukaji sing, indiscretion (in talking); in- dilection, partiality, special liking for
upeo (peo) 1. extremity, limit, furthest/high- competition, contest (sport, etc.).
coherence, inconsistency. Cf. paya. something. — wa madhehebu. sectarian-
piga.
est point, apex, peak, summit. — wa macho. Cf.
ism. Cf. penda.
horizon, pita — . beyond measure, out of all
upekecho (— ) {also pekecho, ma-) 1. (act upigano sing,
bounds. 2. adv. to the utmost, thoroughly. 1. fighting; contest, rivalry.
of) drilling, boring. 2. making fire by upendano (ma-) liking for each other, mutual
piga — give a sound beating. 2. (ma-) conflict, struggle, battle.
.
Cf. pea,
twirling one fire-stick in a hole in the affection, congeniality, Cf. penda.
kipeo. Cf. piga.
other. 3. one of such fire-sticks (either
'male' or 'female'; wimbombo, ulindi). upendeleo (ma-) 1. favoritism, bias, patron-
cf. upepeaji upigiaji sing. see
(ma-) see upepezi. upigaji.
4. annoyance, vexation. 5. fig. per- age. 2, indulgence, consideration.
fig.
sistent ache/pain. pekecha. 3. - upendaji. Cf. penda.

Cf. upepeo (pepeo) fan, ventilator. Cf. pepa. upikaji sing., rare cooking, cookery, culi-
nary art. ( = upishi.) Cf. pika.
see upweke. upendelevu (n.a-) 1. - upendeleo. 2. state
upekee sing. upepezi, upepeaji sing, (act of) fanning;
of being liked/favored, charm, attractive-
gentle breeze. Cf. pepa. upimaji sing. 1. measuring, weighing.
upeketevu sing, contempt, disdain; arro- ness. Cf. penda.
2. registration, recording. 3. criticism,
gance. Cf. pekecha, peketevu. upepo (pepo) wind, current of air, draft. — wa assessment, evaluation. Cf. pima.
bahari. sea breeze. — unavuma, — unaangu-
upinda upote upotevu 589 urahi
upinda adv.: fa — . die a natural death. upogo (pogo) 1. lopsidedness; squinting/ upotevu sing. 1. loss. 2. impoverishment, upurukushaji, upurukushani,
Cf. kipinda. cockeyed condition. 2. red.: upogoupogo. destitution. 3. destruction,
upurukusho sing.
destructiveness, inattentiveness, carelessness,
adv. from side to side, in a zigzag manner. negligence.
vandalism. 4. wastefulness, extravagance.
Cf. purukusha.
upindani sing. 1. stiffness. 2. stubbornness, Cf. pogoa. 5. immoral life. Cf. potea, potevu.
obstinacy, contentiousness. Cf. pinda.
upurukushani, upurukusho sing.
upokeaji, upokezi sing, collecting, receiving; see upu-
upotoe sing. see upotovu. rukushaji.
upinde, upindi (pinde) 1. rare bending, bend, receipts. Cf. pokea.
something bent. 2. bow (for shooting). upotovu, upotoe sing. 1. capriciousness, upuuzi sing. see upuzi.
— wa mvua. rainbow. — wajua. spectrum. upokezi sing. see upokeaji. wrongheadedness. 2. stubbornness, obsti-
Cf. pinda. nacy. 3. wickedness, degeneracy, rnmin-
upokonyaji, upokonyo sing, seizure, confis- tion, perversion. upuzi, upuuzi sing,
Cf. pota. nonsense, foolishness,
upindi (pindi) see upinde. cation; robbing, plundering; extortion. foolish talk, gossip. 2 puza ,
Cf.
Cf. poka. upumbavu sing, stupidity, folly, ignorance,
upindo sing. see pindo. thoughtlessness. upweke, upekee sing, solitude, loneliness;
Cf. pumbaa, pumbavu.
upokonyo sing. see upokonyaji. seclusion, retirement.
Cf. peke.
upinduzi (ma-) overturning, upsetting; (mapi- upumuo, upumzi sing. see pumzi.
nduzi) revolution. Cf. pinda. upole sing, kindness, gentleness, amiability, upya (ma-) 1. newness, novelty, hayo ni
good nature, easy-going disposition. upunga (punga) mapya hayo. This is a novelty for me.
1. upunga (stage of growth of a
upingaji sing. 1. resistance, opposition, chama Cf. lpole. 2. adv. anew, afresh, again, wameijenga
plant which is in full flower and just begin-
cha — . opposition party. 2. blocking, bar- ning to form fruit).
nyumba yao -. They have rebuilt their
2. pi. male flowers of
ring (of one's way, etc.). Cf. pinga. upondo (— ) see pondo. the coconut palm. house. Cf. pya.
upingamishi, upingamizi sing, (active) opposi- upongoo (pongoo) central stem of a palm uradhi* sing. 1. satisfaction, contentment.
upunguaji sing. see upungufu.
tion, antagonism, obstructionism. = upi- leaf. 2. fulfilment of desires/claims.
( 3. as-
nzani.) pinga. sent, approval, sanction.
Cf. upungufu, upunguo, upunguaji Cf. ridhi.
(-, ma-) 1. de-
uponyi sing, saving, deliverance, rescue;
crease, reduction. 2. defect, fault. 3. de-
upinzani sing. 1. spirit of contradiction, ob- cure. Cf. pona. uradi*, auradi sing., Isl. prayers pronounced
ficiency, inadequacy, insufficiency.
structionism. 2. obstruction, obstacle, dif- at a burial.
4. need, privation. 5. disability, handicap.
ficulty. 3. pol. opposition (party). upooza sing. 1. numbness, paralysis.
Cf. Upunga, pungufu.
= kipooza 1.) 2. dumbness, speechless- urafiki* sing, friendship.
Cf. pinga. ( fanya (vunja) -.
ness. Cf. pooza. form (break off) a friendship.
upunguo sing. see upungufu. Cf. rafiki.
upishi sing, {rare upikaji) work (methods,

pay, etc.) of a cook; cookery, art of cooking. uporo sing. see kiporo. uragai*. ulaghai sing, deception, fraud,
upupu sing., hot. upupu (cowage, mucuna
swindle, imposture. Cf. laghai.
Cf. pika. bean).
uposa, uposo sing. see poso.
for bailing out a boat). urahisi* 1. cheapness, low price, bargain.

upo (nyupo) upo (dipper upuraji sing, beating, threshing, mashine
upote (pote) thong (of a whip, etc. ); bow- 2. adv. cheaply, easily.
ya — wa nafaka. thresher. Cf. pura.
Cf. rahisi.
blindness. pofua. string. Cf. pota.

upofu sing, Cf.
590 ibaha
usafari 591 usemaji
flattery, servility, adulation; cun- urimbo sing. see ulimbo.

urai* sing, usafari* sing. see usafiri. usakaji sing. see usasi.
ning. Cf. *rai.
urithi* sing, inheritance, bequest, legacy,
usafi* sing. 1. cleanliness, purity.
mambo ya — matters/business 2. order- usalama* sing, safety, security, halmashau-
sing, citizenship. raia. heritage, .
uraia* Cf.
liness, neatness. 3. frankness, truthful-
relating to inheritance. Cf. rithi. ri/baraza/chama ya - (ya UNO). Security
ness. Cf. safi. Council (of the UN). Cf. salamu, salama.
uraibu* sing, uraibu (a mixture of areca nut
uritima* sing. see ulitima.
and tobacco, with lime, cloves, and a red usafidi* [Per*.] sing. 1. cleanliness, neat- usani* sing,
= tambuu.) forging, work (methods, pay,
gum, prepared for chewing). ( ness. 2. friendliness, pleasantness. 3. dex- etc.) of a (black)smith. 2 sana>
uroho* sing, greed, avarice, gluttony. Cf.
terity, agility. Cf. safidi.
= roho 6.)
uramali*, ulamali sing, black magic. (
i.. an, crait.

Cf. ramli (?).
usafihi* sing, impudence, insolence; abuse, Cf. sanifu.
urongo sing. see uwongo.
affront; presumption, pride, arrogance.
urambirambi sing. see ulambilambi.
Cf. safihi. usare sing, blood brotherhood.
uru* C Port. 1 sing., cards diamonds. Cf. Isare,
uchale.
urari* sing, evenness, proportion, balance.
usafiri*, usafari sing, travel(ing), journey,
urudishaji* sing, reconstruction, restoration,
— wa hesabu. balancing an account.
nidi.
trip. _ wa wageni. tourism. Cf. safiri. usasi, usakaji sing, (methods, pay, etc. of)
rehabilitation. Cf.
fanya — . strike a balance.
hunting. Cf. saka.
usafirisha* sing. see usafirishaji.
urujuani*, urujuwani LPers.J sing, violet
uraro sing. see ûlalo.
(color).
usawa* sing. 1. likeness, similarity,
usafirishaji*, usafirisha sing. 1. sending equality; evenness, fairness, balance.
off,
urasharasha* (ma-) drizzle, sprinkle, light
dispatch. 2. conveyance, transport, trans- 2. level. — wa
urujuwani* sing. see urujuani. bahari. sea level.
rain. Cf. rasha.
portation; communications. 3. customs, 3. sport tie. Cf. sawa.
urukaji sing. 1. jump(ing). 2. av. takeoff. duty. 4.: - wa bidhaa. export. Cf. safiri.
uraufu* sing, gentleness, sympathy, compas-
ruka. usawanisho* sing. 1. arrangement (in a row,
Cf.
sion. Cf. raufu.
usafishaji* sing, cleaning, purification. line), alignment. 2. marking out/off, de-
Cf. safi. limiting, demarcation.
urukususu* sing., pharm. cough medicine. Cf. sawa.
urefu (ma-) length, height, altitude, depth.
_ wa kwenda juu (chini). height (depth).

shikwa/ usaha* sing, pus, matter, toka -. discharge
urumo* sing, poverty, need, distress, useja sing, useja (a necklace or collar of
Cf. refu. matter, suppurate (a sore, etc.).
patwa na — . be reduced to poverty, be in beads).
adjustment, straitened circumstances, fall upon hard

urekebisho* sing. 1, repair. 2.
usahaulifu* sing, forgetfulness, absentminded- o
times. useja sing, unmarried state, bachelorhood.
orientation. Cf. irakibu.
ness. Cf. sahau, sahaulifu.
Cf. mseja.
adornment, Urusi* sing. Russia, Soviet Union. Cf. Ki-
urembo (ma-, -) ornamentation, usahibu* sing. see usuhuba.
rusi, Mrusi. usemaji
decoration; finery; ornamental markings sing. 1. eloquence, public speaking.
(on the face). Cf. remba, rembo; also - wake haukutusaidia. His eloquence did
usahihi* sing. 1. Tightness, correctness,
uruzi sing. see uluzi.
not help us.
nembo. 2. loquaciousness, talkative-
faultlessness. 2. accuracy, precision,
ness, garrulousness. 3. pronunciation.
usabaha* sing., rare succession (by inherit- punctuality. 3. truthfulness. sahihi.
Ureno* L Port J sing. Portugal. Cf. reno.
sabaha.
Cf.
— wake hautoshi. His pronunciation is
ance, in office). Cf.
faulty. Cf. sema.
592 shindi ushindwaji 593
ushindwaji sing, defeatism. Cf. Ishinda. ushukuru*

usemi sing. 1. speech, address, alipomaliza ushaufu* sing, deception, something mislead- sing. 1. thanks, gratitude (= s „u-
krani).
— wake, when he had finished his speech. ing or disappointing (display, promise), de-
ushirika*, ushiriki, ushirikiano,
2. resignation, humility.
Cf. shu-
ushirikisho kuru.
2. conversation. 3. diction, style, manner lusion. Cf. shaua, shaufu.
sing. 1. partnership; cooperation, collabo-
of expression. 4. gramm. word. 5. fig.
ration, chama eha -. cooperative. 2. com-
— wa ushawishi* sing, enticement, allurement, ushungi (shungi) 1. (women's) headcloth.
attitude, position (on a matter). seri-
munity of interests. 3. association, so-
temptation; (pol.) agitation. Cf. shawishi. 2. tuft of hair, (plaited)
kali. the position of the government. Cf. knot of hair.
ciety, organization. shiriki.
Cf. 3. rare cock's comb. Cf. Shungi.
sema.
usheha* sing. 1. position of/status as a
ushirikiano*, ushirikisho sing, see
respected social po- ushirika. ushupavu sing.
useremala* [Pers.J sing, (craft, pay, etc. chief/councillor. 2. 1. hardness, toughness, so-
ethn. place reserved for elders lidity, durability. 2,
f) narrventrv raliinptmfllfinor. Cf. seremala. sition. 3. strength, vigor,
ushmkina* (_) superstition. Cf. shiriki, energy.
at a funeral. Cf. shaha, sheikh. endurance, tenacity, persever-
3.
mshirikina. ance, resoluteness. 4.
usha caus. of uka. fanaticism, bigo-
savagery, barbarism; try, dogmatism.
ushenzi* [Pers.] sing, 5. stubbornness, obsti-
ushoga* sing, friendship (between women, nacy.
uncouthness, unmannerliness; paganism, Cf. shupaa, shupavu.
ushababi* sing, youth(fulness). Cf. shababi.
etc.; cf. shoga).
heathenism. Cf. shenzi.
ushuru* sing. 1. taxation, tax, duty. _ wa
ushabaki* sing. 1. cleverness, cunning.
ushombwe sing., arch, a magic potion. forodha.
ushi (nyushi) 1. eyebrow, eyebrow ridge. custom duty, customs. 2. rent,
2. snare; trick, trickery, strategem.
gen.) ridge, projection (ledge, toa/lipa -. pay taxes/rent,
2 s habaki. 2, fig. (in toza -. col-
Cf. ushonaji sing. see ushoni. lect taxes/rent.
cornice, brink of a well, etc.). Cf. unyushi
ushahidi*, ushuhuda sing. 1. proof, confir-

ushoni, ushonaji sing, occupation (craft, pay,
ushikimano sing, (quality of) holding to- ushuzi sing, breaking wind.
mation; (jur.J evidence, testimony. 2. rel.
etc.) of a tailor/seamstress;
Cf. shuta.
gether, tenacity. shika. sewing,
Cf.
martyrdom. Cf. shahada, shahidi, shuhudu.
needlework, tailoring, dressmaking.
Cf. ushwa sing. see wishwa.
shona.
ushimbu (-) shrimp (= uduvi).
ushairi* sing. 1. poetry, art of poetry. 2. fig
usi (nyusi) usi (kind of grass).
beauty, high skill. Cf. mshairi, shairi.
ushono sing, style/method of sewing,
ushinda sing., rare residue, remainder, re-
Cf. shona.
diaconate. fuse. Cf. shinda. usia*. wosia
ushamasi*, ushemasi sing., rel. 1. order, direct, instruct,
com-
shamasi. mission, ninakuusia usisahau kununua
Cf.
ushindani sing. 1. rivalry, competition, ushoroba* sing. see kishoroba.
vitu hivi. I expressly instructed you not
emulation. 2. contest, match. 3. fight
ushambulizi sing, aggression. Cf. shambulia. to forget to buy these things. 2. make
(ing). 4. dispute, altercation, argument. ushtaki* sing., jur. legal action, accusation,
one's last will and testament,
bequeath
5. rare (legal) action, lawsuit. arraignment, prosecution. Cf. shtaki.
ushanga (shanga & ma-) bead; (us. pi.) something to someone, alimwusia mali
Cf. ^shinda.
(string of) beads. - wa kuteremesha. belt yake. He bequeathed his property to him.
ushuhuda* sing. see ushahidi.
beads (worn by women). appl. usilia. intr. usika.
of caus. usisha.
ushinde sing, defeat. Cf. Ishinda.
pass, usiwa. Cf. wasia, wasii.
ushujaa* sing. 1. bravery, courage, hero-
ushangao sing. see mshangao.
ushindi sing. 1. cause of a dispute, point ism. 2. act of heroism, great exploit.
-usia* s ing. see wasia.
at issue, bone of contention. 2. victory; Cf. shujaa.
usharifu* sing, excellence, dignity, respect-
conquest, success. Cf. 'shinda.
ability. Cf. sharifu.
594 usitawishaji 595
usubi
usihiri* sing, magic, witchcraft. Cf. sihiri. usimango, usimanga, simango (ma-) {us. ma- kupata uhuru umeingia - mkubwa katika nchi usono sing. 1. rest, relaxation. 2. friend-
simango) derision, mockery; malicious yetu. Since independence our country has ship.
usikilivu sing. see usikivu. pleasure taken in another person's mis- made considerable progress. 2. growth, de-
fortune, schadenfreude. Cf. simanga. velopment, vitality. — wa miti unategemea usononi, usununo sing. 1. pain, grief, care.
usikilizaji sing, make oneself understood rutuba ya ardhi. The growth of trees de- 2. bad humor, irritability. 3. sadness,
usimeme sing., rare firmness, stability; pends on the
(at a distance). Cf. sikia. fertility of the soil. Cf. sitawi. melancholy. Cf. sonona.
steadfastness. Cf. simama.
usikivu, usikilivu, usikizi sing. 1. attentive- usitawishaji sing. see usitawi. uss! usu! inter j. hush! quiet!
ness, attention, interest. 2. intelligence, usinga (singa) (single) hair (us. of an animal).
teachability. 3. tractability, obedience. usitu (— ) usitu (strip of plaited grass or ustaarabu* sing, civilization, refinement;
_1
=io<-|j.
_L:I
o...«..« ..»
Ko mrnr.
_--.--
USinglZl SMlf;. .
paim-ieaf fiber for making mats).
Cf. sikia, sikilivu. education; good manners. staarabu.
Cf.
powered by sleep, lala -. go to sleep.
ondoka usingizini. wake up. ugonjwa wa uskani*

usikizano sing, mutual understanding, agree- (-) see usukani. ustadi* sing. 1. skill, dexterity, cleverness.
— . sleeping sickness, dawa ya — . sopo-
ment, harmony. Cf. sikia. 2. expert knowledge, ability, competence.
rific, narcotic. Cf. usingizisha; also
uso (nyuso) 1. face; expression (of the face), 3. cunning, craftiness. Cf. stadi.
usikizi sing. see usikivu. appearance. - wa kutulia. a kind/friendly
face, sina — . I am ashamed {lit. I have no ustahifu* sing. see ustahivu.
usingizisha med. anesthetize. Cf. usingizi.
usiku 1. (siku) night, nighttime (from 6 p.m. face), kunja — . wrinkle the forehead (from
to 6 a.m.). wa manane. midnight. — na worry/annoyance), kunjua — . smile. — ustahiki* sing, worthiness, respect, honor,
usiniombe (— ) usiniombe (kind of manioc). kwa —
mchana. night and day. prov. moyo wa . face to face, usoni. what is esteem, regard. Cf. haki.
mwenzio ni — wa giza. The heart of your ahead, the future. Cf. kisogoni. 2. front,
= one does not really usira sing., arch, usira (dried and powdered
friend is deep night (
forward part; exterior; surface, usoni mwa ustahili* sing, merit, worthiness, deserving-
skin of animal or reptile, used as a charm
know even one's friends). 2. adv. (us. nyumba kuna duka. There is a shop in the ness. Cf. stahili.
or medicine).
usiku usiku) at night. - hata/kwa -. night front part of the house. — wa dunia
after night. Cf. ^siku, kisikusiku. (mwezi). the surface of the earth (moon). ustahimili* sing. see ustahimilivu.
usiri* 1. stay, tarry, linger, delay, lose time,
be slow/late. appl. usiria. intr. usirika.

usilia* appl. of ûsia. usodai* sing. see usodawi. ustahimilivu*, ustahimili sing, perseverance,
be held up/delayed/detained; be arrested.
pertinacity, endurance; patience. Cf. ha-
caus. usirisha. delay /detain someone.
usimamao sing, state of being erect/upright, usodawi*, usodai sing, pride, arrogance; mali.
2. sing, delay, lateness, mtu huyu ana
upright/vertical/erect position. Cf. simama. contempt, disdain. Cf. sodawi.
mambo ya — . This man has time-consum-
ustahivu*, ustahifu sing, politeness, cour-
ing business to do; this man does every-
usimamizi sing. 1. supervision, superintend- usoka (ma-) brass wire. tesy; respect, consideration, deference;
thing very slowly.
ence, control. 2. position (duties, pay, attention, attentiveness. Cf. stahi,
etc.) of an overseer/superviser/superintend- usomaji sing, reading, reading matter. stahivu.
=
usita (— ) rare way, road, path. ( njia.)
ent/manager. 3. supervisory body /author- Cf. soma.
ity, administration, management, direction. usubi (— ) gnat, sandfly.

usitawi*, usitawishi, usitawishaji sing.
4. fig. protection, assistance, aid. Cf. usoni see uso.
1. prosperity, progress, success, tangu
utaalamu 597 utambazi
usufi 596
utaalamu* sing., rare learning, education, utakalifu*

usufi*, usufu sing., sufi (— ) 1. (us. sufi ya usuluhifu* sing. see usuluhi. sing, weariness, fatigue; disgust,
knowledge. Cf. elimu, taalamu. aversion; indisposition.
mti) kapok, 2. (us. sufi ya kondoo) wool. Cf. kalifu, taka-
3. cotton wool, wadding, swab. Cf. msufi. usumba sing, usumba (cleaned coconut fiber, lifu.
utabibu*, utibabi sing, (profession, methods,

ready for use in making cord, etc.).
fees, etc. of) medicine, medical science/ utakaso sing,
usufii* sing, life (character, conduct, etc.) of cleansing, purifying.
practice, treatment. Cf. niba, ^tibu, ta- takata.
a dervish/hermit, seclusion, retirement, usumbufu sing. 1. annoyance, vexation. Cf.
bibu,
solitary /lonely existence. Cf. sufii. 2. disturbance, excitement, agitation.
3. med. irritation, inflammation. Cf. su- utakatifu sing, cleanliness, purity (literal
utabiri* sing, soothsaying; interpretation, ex-
mbufu, sumbua. or figurative); morality; (rel.) sanctity,
usufu* sing. wool. Cf. usufi, sufi.
planation; prediction, forecast; announce- holiness. Cf. takata, takatifu.
usungo sing, inexperience (in matters of ment. — wa hewa. weather forecasting,

usugu sing. 1. callousness, insensitivity.
sex), lack of knowledge of tribal tradition
meteorology. Cf. tabiri. utako sing. 1. = tako.
2. stubbornness, obstinacy. 3. stupidity, 2. naut. anchorage.
(on the part of young people who have not
folly. Cf. sugua, sugu.
yet been initiated). Cf. msungo. utadi* sing, {also tadi, — ) violation, infrac- utalaleshi* sing. 1. slander, talebearing.
tion; offense, insult, rudeness; attack, ag- 2. viciousness, corruptness, immorality.
usuhuba*, usahibu sing, friendship
gression. Cf. tadi. 3. lasciviousness, lust. Cf.
suhubiana, sahibu. usununo sing. see usononi. mtalaleshi.
(= urafiki). Cf.
utafiti* sing, curiosity, inquisitiveness, in- utalii* sing, tourism. Cf. talii.
usukani*, uskani (— ) {also sukani, ma-) usuria* sing, concubinage. Cf. suria.
discretion, meddling. Cf. lafiti.
1. naut. rudder. 2. (in gen.) steering
utamaduni* sing, refinement, good taste;
ususaji, ususiaji sing, refusal; boycott,
gear, steering wheel (of an automobile),
utaftishi* sing. see utafutaji. civilization, culture, —a — . cultural,
handlebar (of a bicycle, etc.). Cf. msukani. sabotage. Cf. susa.
ujumbe wa — . cultural delegation.
utafutaji*, utafutishi, utaftishi sing, search, Cf. tamaduni.
ususi (rare usuki) sing, braiding, plaiting
usuki sing., rare see ususi.
investigation; research. Cf. tafuta.
(hair, mats). Cf. *suka.
utamani* sing. see utamanifu.
usukumizi sing. 1. urging, instigation, in-
utagaa sing. see Aaga.
citement; stimulus, encouragement. 2. rough ususiaji sing. see ususaji.
utamanifu*, utamani sing., rare longing,
ness, rudeness. 3. abruptness, (sudden)
utaifa* sing, nationality. Cf. taifa. covetousness; desire, lust(fulness).
sukuma. ususu sing, hall, passage, corridor.
anger, (violent) temper. Cf.
Cf. tamani.
utaiti* sing., rare poverty, need, distress.
Uswahili* sing, the coastal area of East
usultani* sing, sultanship, sultanate.
spoken as a na- Cf. Itaiti. utambaa (tambaa) 1. = kitambaa. 2. tex-
Africa where Swahili is
Cf. sultani.
tiles. Cf. 2 tam b aai kitambaa.
tive language. Cf. Swahili, Kiswahili,
utaji* LPers.J sing, head covering, head-
see sulubu. Mswahili.
usulubu* sing.
cloth, veil. utambazi (— ) 1. crawling (of insects, rep-
tiles). 2. track, trail (left by a snake,
usuluhi*, usuluhifu sing. 1. agreement, con- uta (nyuta) bow (and arrows). Cf. mata.
utajiri* sing, wealth, property; business etc.). 3. fig. obsequiousness, servility.
cord. 2. mediation, reconciliation, satis-
enterprise, capital. Cf. tajiri. 4. plur. - tambazi. Cf. ^tambaa.
faction. Cf. suluhu. utaa (taa) dial, utaa (platform for drying
and storing grain).

utambi 598
utarishi 599 utende
1
utambi (tambi) 1. wick (of a lamp). 2. fuse. utandu sing. see utando. utarishi* sing, position (duties, pay, etc.) utayari* LPers.] sing, readiness, prepared-
Cf. itambi. of a messenger/postman; courier service. ness, willingness. Cf. tayari.
utanga (tanga) utanga (a mat on which grain
Cf. tarishi.
is ground; - tuguu). Cf. kitanga.
Aitambi sing, turban-cloth. ute (mate) thick/sticky /viscous fluid: mucus,
utasa* sing. 1. sterility, barrenness. 2. saliva, mucilage, etc. - wa
fig. yayi. white of
utangazaji sing. 1. announcement, procla-
''utambi sing. see ^kitambi.
uselessness, worthlessness. Cf. n asa- egg. tema -. expectorate.
mation. — wa redioni. radio transmission/
broadcasting. 2. public relations, pub- utashi sing. 1. importunity, obtrusiveness. uteatea sing. see ucheachea.
utambo (— ) 1. = kitambo. 2. - tambo.
licity. Cf. tangaa. 2. (urgent) request, desire, plea, petition.
3. handle, bail (of a bucket, pot).
usiniletee -. Don't press me with requests. uteeemeano sine-, interdenpnrlp
utangule sing, utangule (strips of palm Cf, taka. gemea.
utambulifu sing. see utambuzi.
leaf, used for plaiting).
utasi sing. 1. inability /unwillingness to uteketevu sing, destruction (by

utambulisho sing. 1. explanation (of a prob- fire).
utangulizi sing, foreword, introduction, pre-
speak; speech defect/impediment. (= *ki- Cf. teketea.
lem). 2. mark, characteristic. Cf. tambua.
face. Cf. tangulia. tata.) = utata
2. 2. Cf. tata.
utambulizi sing. see utambuzi. uteketezo sing., rare burning, destruction,

utani* sing. 1. membership in a family/
utata sing. utata (wicker fish trap).
1. damage by fire. Cf. teketea.
clan/race, kinship. 2. utani (familiarity,
2. anat. frenum (of the tongue, etc.).
utambuzi, utambulizi, utambulifu sing.
jesting, etc. permissible between persons
Cf. tata. utelezi (— ma-) slipperiness, slipping,
1. quickness of wit/perception, intelligence. ,
of mtani relationship), nimefanya — tu.

sliding. Cf. telea.
2. recognition, understanding. 3. intelligi-
I was just joking. I didn't mean any harm. utatu sing. 1. state of being triple/threefold.
bility. 4. explanation, answer, solution.
Cf. tania, mtani, watani. 2. mus. trio. 3. rel. trinity. Cf. tatu. utembe sing, utembe (the expectorated re-
Cf. tambua, tambuzi.
mains of chewed betel mixture; = mate
utaniboi* tEngl.J sing, work (duties, pay, utawa* sing. retirement, seclusion (esp.
sweetness.
1. ya tambuu).
utamu* sing. 1. flavor, taste. 2.
etc.) of a helper/assistant. Cf. taniboi.
of women in Moslem households). 2. strict
3. candy, sweets, dessert. 4. fig. pleas-
morality /piety. 3. religious order, nyumba utembezi (ma-) 1. (act, methods, etc.
antness, kindness, charm. Cf. tamu. of)
utanzi sing, loop, noose, eyelet. Cf. ya — . monastery, convent. Cf. tawa. offering for sale, advertising, merchan-
tanda, tanzi, kitanzi.
dising; advertisement. 2. walking around,
utamvua sing. see tamvua.
utawala*, utwala sing. 1. ruling, governing; loitering (= matembezi); (coll.) prostitu-
utanzu (tanzu & ma-) rare branch (of a reign, rule, government, administration; tion. tourism.
cleanness, neatness (of
3. Cf. tembea.
utanashati* sing, (- tawi.)
tree). power. — wa chama kimoja. one-party rule.
dress). Cf. tanashati.
2. form of government. 3. direction, man- utembo, utembwe sing, palm-leaf fiber.
utapishi sing. 1. vomiting. 2. emetic.
agement; discipline (in a classroom, etc.). Cf. kitembwe.
utando, utandu (— ) 1. something spread/
Cf. tapika.
Cf. tawala, mtawala.
stretched out. — la buibui. spiderweb.
utendaji sing, activity, energy, diligence,
2. covering, veil; film, scum, crust. — wa
utaratibu* sing. see taratibu.
utawi (tawi & ma-) see tawi. industry; work, performance, accomplish-
macho, a film over the eyes, clouded vision.
ment, productivity. Cf. tenda.
3. swarm (of bees, locusts). 4. rare plain. utari* (tari) string (of a musical instrument);
utaya (taya) see taya.
tanda. cord, rope.
Cf. utende sing., rare magical powers, sorcery.
Cf. tenda.
utibabi 601 utongozi
utendi 600
quarrelling, strife,
utibabi* sing. see utabibu. bidhaa. volume of production, ofisi ya
utendi sing. see utenzi. utesi, utesaji sing. 1.
discord. 2. annoyance, irritation, agita-

utoaji wa habari. office of information.
utii*, utiifu sing. 1. obedience, tractability, — wa maji. distribution of water, irriga-

utengamano sing. see utengemano. tion; persecution. 3. distress, trouble,
reliability. 2. discipline. 3. subservi- tion. Cf. 'toa,
misfortune. Cf. tesa.
ence, servility. Cf. tii.
utengano sing, separation, withdrawal; (pol.)
utohara* sing. 1. (ceremonial) purity,
division, factionalism. Cf. tenga. utetaji sing. see uteto.
cleanliness = tohara); (us.) circumcision.
utiifu* sing. see utii. (
2. rare menstruation. Cf. tohara.

utengemano, utengamano sing, settling down, utete (tete & ma-) stalk of grass, reed
utiko (ma-) ridge (of a thatched roof).
recovery (after disorders, war); peace, (re- (used as a pipestem or musical instrument).
utokezo (ma-) (act of) issuing; utterance, ex-
stored) prosperity, sheria na — . law and
utiliaji sing, adding, introducing, applying, planation; publication, appearance.
order. Cf. tengemaa. utetezi sing, (also pi. matetezi) 1. argu-
supplying. Cf. tia. Cf. ôa.
mentation (for or against); intercession,
utengenezaji sing, mending, repairing, cor- advocacy, (jur.) defense; opposition, ob-
utimbi sing. see uchimvi. utoko sing, mucus (from the vagina).
recting; preparing, editing (of books, etc.). jection; obstructiveness. 2. pol. repre-
Cf. \oa.
Cf. tengenea. sentative body. Cf. teta.
utimilifu* sing, completion, consummation,
fulfilment, accomplishment, execution; utokomeaji sing, disappearance. Cf. to-

utengevu sing, accomplishment, performance, uteto, utetaji sing. 1. quarrel, dispute, de-
conclusion. Cf. *timu, timilifu. komea.
execution. Cf. tengenea (tengea). bate. 2. slander, backbiting. Cf. teta.
utimvi sing. see uchimvi. utolewaji sing, issue, delivery, distribution

u ten go (ma-) rare 1. separation, withdrawal, uteuzi sing. 1. choice, selection. 2. se-
removal, shelter, refuge, hiding place.

(of a publication, etc.). Cf. -Hoa.
2. lectiveness, choosiness, fastidiousness.
utingo (ma-) 1. conductor (on a motorbus).
Cf. Menga. 3. good taste. Cf, teua, teuzi.
2. driver's mate (on a taxi, truck), appren- utomvu sing. 1. juice, sap (of a plant).
= tice driver. 2. mucilage, glue.

utenzi, utendi sing. 1. utendaji. 2. (re- uthabiti* sing. 1. firmness, strength, so-
ligious) poem, epic. Utenzi wa Liongo. the lidity, stability, rigidity, reliability.
utiriri sing, elusiveness, evasion (of an an- utondoti (tondoti) 1. an old-fashioned orna-
Lay of Liongo. Cf. tenda. 2. steadfastness, courage. 3. veracity,
swer, difficulty ). Cf. tiririka. ment worn by women: a necklace of many
authenticity. Cf. thabiti, thibiti.
strands of copper wire from which a
uteo (teo) uteo (a plaited basket or tray used
utisho (— ) (act of) frightening, terrifying; Maria Theresa dollar is suspended. 2. fig.,
for sifting grain). uthubutifu* sing, certainty, conviction;
fright, scare, panic, pata — . take fright, rare repeated action, repetition.
self-confidence. Cf. thabiti, thubutu.
be given a scare. Cf. tisha.
utepe* LEngl. J (ma-) see tepe.
utongo (ma-) = matongo.
uthubutu* sing. see uthabiti.
limpness, lassitude; indiffer- utitiri sing, cattle tick, chicken louse.
utepetevu sing,
ence, apathy; indolence, carelessness, neg- utongozaji, utongozi sing. 1. immorality,

uti (nyuti) 1. trunk, stem (of a tree, etc.).
uto sing, (vegetable) oil. mafuta ya — . sem- lasciviousness. 2. seduction (of a
ligence. Cf. tepetea. 2.: — wa mgongo. anat. backbone,
sem oil. woman). Cf. tongoza.
spine. 3. shaft (of a spear). 4. chip,
utesaji sing. see utesi. splinter, shaving. Cf. Imti.

utoaji, utowaji sing, (act of) issuing, output; utongozi sing. see utongozaji.
publishing, publication; distribution. — wa
utope 602
utunda 603 uungamaji
utope sing. see tope. attention, fanya kazi yako kwa — Do. your
utunda (tunda) girdle of beads (worn by (- not mixed/adulterated). 3. emptiness,
work carefully. Cf. tua, tulivu.
women). (~ kondavi.) meaninglessness, worthlessness. 4. coll.
utoro sing. 1. flight, desertion; truancy. 2.
genitals. Cf. tupu.
treachery, betrayal, disloyalty, apostasy. utuma sing. see utume.
utundu* LPers. J sing. 1. mischief, trouble-
Cf. toroka, mtoro.
someness, capriciousness; mischievous- uturi* sing, attar, scent, perfume.
utumbavu sing, swelling, bulging. Cf. tumbua,
ness, wilfulness, precocity (of a child).
utosi (tosi) 1. crown (of the head); fontanel *tumba, tumbot
2. slyness, craftiness. Cf. tundu. Uturuki* sing. Turkey. Cf. Mturuki, Kituruki.
(of an infant). 2. fig. top, tip, peak.
utumbo (tumbo & ma-) 1. (us. pi.) intestines,
utunduizi sing. 1. watchfulness, alertness. utusitusi sing. see uchusichusi.
utoto sing. 1# childhood, infancy, youth. 2. entrails, viscera. 2. gut (the substance). Cf.
2. watching, spying. Cf. tunduia.
fig. youthfuiness, vigor. 3. dependence.
utuvu sing, gentleness, politeness, civility,
Cf. mtoto.
utungaji, utungo sing, (act of) putting in good manners. Cf. tua.
utumbuizi, utumbuizo sing, (singing of a) lullaby;
order, arranging, composing, compiling.
utotole sing, reward (given for finding some- (singing of a) refrain (during the performance of
— wa sheria. drafting of laws. Cf. tunga. utwala* sing. see utawala.
thing lost). Cf.
l
toa (?). a dance). Cf. tumbuika.
utungo sing. 1. = utungaji. 2. (literary) uuaji, uaji sing, murder(ousness), slaughter,

utovu sing. lack, want, absence. Cf. noa, utume, utuma sing, (act of) sending (off), dis-
composition, essay, poem. — wa sauti. massacre. Cf. ua.
tovu. patch; delegation, deputation. Cf. tuma.
melody. 3. draft, plan, idea, proposal. 4.
invention, fabrication, lie. 5. line, series, uuguzaji sing. see uuguzi.

utowaji sing. see utoaji. utumi, utumiaji sing. see utumizi.
succession. Cf. *tunga.
uuguzi, uuguzaji sing, (occupation, methods,

utu sing. 1. humanity, human nature. — ume. utumishi, utumizi sing. 1. position (duties, pay,
utungu sing. see uchungu. etc. of) nursing, caring for the sick. Cf. ugua.
manhood. — uke. womanhood. 2. good etc.) of a servant;, employment, service. — wa
human qualities, goodness, kindness, kiaskari. military service. 2. religious service,
onyesha — show kindness/consideration. worship. utunu sing, rarity, value, preciousness. Cf. uume, ume, uanaume sing. 1. masculinity,
.
Cf. tuma.
tunuka, tunu. uumeni. on the male side, watu hawa ni
Cf. mtu.
uumeni/kuumeni kwangu. These people are
ûtumizi, utumiaji, utumi, utumo sing. (us.
utukufu sing, greatness, grandeur, glory; utunzaji, utunzi sing, (act of) caring for, relatives on my father's side. 2. anat. penis.
matumizi) use, employment, utilization, fedha
tending, protecting; care, attention, protec- = dhakari, mboo). Cf. ume.
eminence, prominence, fame. Cf. tukuka, —
(
ya . pocket money, kitu cha — . useful article,
tukufu. tion. — wa matunda. care/tending of plants.
tool, utensil. Cf. tuma.
Cf. tunza. uumikaji, uumizi sing, (act/method of, fee
restlessness, excitability,
charged for) cupping, blood-letting, Cf. umika.
utukutu sing,
ûtumizi sing. - utumishi.
nervousness; fluster, haste; liveliness, utunzi sing. see utunzaji.
exuberance; mischievousness, naughtiness uumizi sing. see uumikaji.

utumo sing. see utumizi.
see tunzo.
Cf. tukuta, tukutu.
utunzo sing.
(of children).
uundaji sing, construction, structure, organiza-
utumwa sing. 1. servitude, slavery, exploitation.
utule sing, poverty, need, distress, wretched- utupa sing, utupa (poisonous juice of mtupa tion. Cf. unda.
2. recent instructions, directions, nimeutimiza/
ness. Cf. tule.
plants; cf. ^mtupa).
nimeufanya — vvako. I have followed your uungamaji sing, confession, admission, acknowledg-
instructions /carried out your orders. Cf.
utulivu sing, rest, quiet(ness), peacefulness, utupu sing. 1. nakedness, bareness, nudity. ment. Cf. ungama.
tuma.
composure; forbearance; carefulness, enda — . go naked. 2. fig. simplicity, purity
)
605
uunganishaji 604 uvumilivu
uunganishaji sing, (act of) uniting, joining, uvoteshaji* lEngl. J sing, (election) campaign. uvumo (ma-) - uvumi 1. uvuto sing, attraction, influence. Cf. vuta.
combining, Cf. ûnga. Cf. votesha.
uvundo sing, bad smell, stink (of bad meat, uvuvi sing, (act, method, etc. of) fishing;
uungu sing, deity, divinity (in gen.). Cf. uvuguvugu sing. 1. tepidity, lukewarmness. etc.). Cf. vunda. work (pay, etc.) of a fisherman. Cf. *vua.
mungu, umungu. maji haya si motoyana — tu. This water is not

hot, it is just lukewarm. 2. closeness, stuff- uvungu, uvurungu sing. 1. hollowness, vacuum, uvuvio sing. 1. (act of) blowing. 2. fig.
uungwana, ungwana sing. 1. rare status of a iness (of a room, etc.). 3. confusion, discom- 2. cavity. Cf. mvungu. vanity, conceit, arrogance. Cf. vivia.
free man (as opp. to a slave). 2. civiliza- posure, consternation. Cf. vuguvugu.
tion, education, good breeding/manners. uvunjaji, uvunjifu, uvunjo sing. 1. (act, manner, uvuzi (ma-) (us. mavuzi; also vuzi) body hair
3. friendliness, kindness, goodwill. Cf. uvuke sing. see mvuke. etc. of) breaking, destroying, wrecking. 2. (armpits ), pubic hair.
mwungwana, kiungwana. ueslruciivcucss, vaiiuaiiSiiu 3. (r esult:
uvuko sing., rare see uvushi. wreck, ruin, ruinous state. 4. abolition, uvyazi sing. see uzazi.
uunzi (ma-) building, carpentry, construction. annulment. Cf. vunja.
Cf. Tinda. uvukuto sing. see ufukuto. uwaasi* sing. see uasi.
uvunjifu, uvunjo sing. see uvunjaji.
uuzaji sing, (business of) selling, sales- uvulana sing. 1. youth(fulness). 2. bachelorhood, uwahi* sing, promptness, alacrity. Cf. wahi.
manship. Cf. uza, mwuzaji. life of a bachelor. I'uala mam bo ya — . live like uvuno (ma-) (us. mavuno) reaping, gathering,
a bachelor. Cf. mvulana. picking, harvesting; (fig.) make a profit. Cf. uwakala* sing. see uwakili.
uvi (ma-) (kind of) wasp. vuna.

uvuli sing, shade, shadiness, shadowiness. Cf. uwakfu* sing, dedication, consecration. Cf.
uvimbe sing. 1. swollen condition, tumes- kivuli, mwavuli. uvunzovunzo sing, worn condition (of cloth- wake f.
cence. 2, swelling, protuberance. 3. fig. ing), state of showing much use (a tool,
distention, enlargement, expansion; infla- uyumba sing, uvumba (a fragrant gum). etc.); fragility (of something which is likely uwakili*, uwakala sing. 1. representation,
tion, exaggeration. 4. girth, circumference to tear or break unless carefully handled). stewardship, agency, sintama katika — . rep-
= kivimbe). act as the agent of. = hati ya

( Cf. vimba. uvumbi sing. 1. (particle of) dust. 2. dustiness. Cf. vunja. resent, 2. (
3. fig. (mortal) remains. Cf. vumbi, kivumbi. — power

) of attorney. 3. administration,
uvimbizi sing, thatching (of a house). Cf. uvurungu sing. see uvungu. government business. Cf. wakili.
vimba. uvumbuaji, uvumbuzi sing, discovery, explora-
tion. Cf. vumbua. uvushi, uvusho, uvuko sing. 1. work (methods, uwalimu*, ualimu sing, education (as a science),
vigilance. means, pay, etc.) of a ferryman. 2. = kivuko. pedagogy. Cf. elimu, mwalimu.
uvinjari* sing, Cf. vinjari.
uvumbuzi sing. see uvumbuaji. Cf. vua.

uwambo (mambo) 1. = kiwambo. 2. cording (of
uviringo sing, roundness, curvature, rotundity.
Cf. viringa, mviringo, mviringano. uvumi sing. 1. (low, indistinct) sound, noise uvusho sing. see uvushi. a native bedstead). 3. pegs (used for stretch-
(rumbling, humming, buzzing, murmuring). 2. ing something out, tent-pegs, etc.). Cf. wamba.
uvivu sing, idleness, laziness; carelessness, fig. stir, sensation; approval. 3. rumor. Cf. uvutaji sing, smoking. Cf. vuta.
negligence; indifference; scorn, contempt. vuma. uwananchi, uananchi sing, patriotism, national-
Cf. yivu. uvutano sing, (mutual) attraction/influence. ism. Cf. mwananchi.

uvumilivu sing., vumilio (ma-) patience, nguvu ya — power
. of attraction. Cf. vuta.
uvoo sing, bracelet, armlet (of ivory, beads ). tolerance; perseverance, persistence, forti-
tude; gentleness, meekness, humility. Cf. vuma.

. .
uvvanda 606 uwindaji

uwindo 607
uwanda, uanda (nyanda), also wanda sing. *uwekevu, uelekevu sing, power of comprehen-
1. open area, (town) square, plaza. 2. open uwindo (ma-) (us. mawindo) what is obtained uzalishaji sing. see uzazi.
sion, perceptiveness, penetration, acumen,
country, plain. — wa juu. plateau. Cf.
by hunting; prey, bag, booty, quarry. Cf.
intellect. Cf. elea, elekea.
kiwanda. winda. uzalishi sing. 1. - uzazi. 2.: hospitali ya —
maternity hospital. Cf, zaa.
2uwekevu, wekevu sing, thrift(iness), frugality,
uvvanga sing, starch. = A
wanga.)
uwingu (mbingu) 1. sky, heavens, firmament.
(
economy. Cf. weka.
2. clouding, cloudiness. Cf. wingu. uzandiki* sing, deceit, hypocrisy, cunning. Cf.
uvvanja (wanja) 1. enclosed area, court(yard). zandiki, mzandiki.

luwele (ma-, nyele) (grain of) bulrush millet. uwinja, ubinja (mbinja, winja), also kibinja
2. sport (playing-)field, stadium. 3. av.:
— wa ndege. landing field, airfield, airport.

Cf. nmwele. (vi-) whistle, piga — . to whistle. uzani*, wizani, winzani sing, weighing, weight.
re I.: :„ Cf. mizani.
2uwele sing. see uele. uwinzi sing. see uwindaji.
A uwasho sing, uzanya caus.-ass. of uza.

lighting, illumination. Cf.
uweleko (— ) see mbeleko. uwivi sing. see wivi.
''waa, *waka.
uzao (ma-) 1. product, production. 2. progeny,
uweza sing, see uwezo. uwivu sing. see wivu. offspring. 3. descent, extraction (through 5
Aiwasho sing, irritation, inflammation. Cf.
or 6 generations). Cf. zaa.
uwezekano sing, possibility, feasibility. Cf. uwizi sing, see wizi.
weza. uzazi, uvyazi, uzalishaji sing. 1. reproduction,

uwasi (ma-) see uasi.
procreation, propagation, tumbo/mji la/wa —
uwongo, wongo, uongo, urongo sing. 1. lie,
uwezo, uweza sing. 1. ability, power, capacity, falsehood, untruth. 2. deception, fraud; womb. 2. childbirth, delivery, confinement;
ûwati sing., med. skin-eruption, boil. capability, competence, talent, kila mtu kwa pretence, dissimulation. 3. illusion, delu- (fig.) birthday. 3. descent, parentage. 4.
— wake, each according to his abilities. 2. sion. 4. falsity, spuriousness. kiapo cha (degree of) kinship, relationship. 5. fertility,
Aiwati, uati (mbati) side-post/pole (support- possibility, opportunity, sina — . I have no — . perjury. Cf. ^wongo, ongopa, ^mwongo. kosa (kuwa na) — . be sterile (fertile). Cf.
opportunity. 3. energy, intensity. 4. supreme zaa.

ing the rafters of a native house).
power (of the state). weza. uya dial, come back, return. = rudi.)
Cf. (
uwatu sing, uwatu (a kind of herb, fenugreek,

uzee sing, old age, senility. Cf, zee, mzee.
uwili sing, doubleness, duality. Cf. will. uyabisi* sing. 1. dryness, hardness (of the
Trigonella foenum-graecum).
soil, etc.). 2. dry, hot climate. 3. drought. uzembe sing, idleness, laziness; carelessness,
Uwima sing, uprightness, verticality, perpen- 4. fig. roughness, rudeness; reserve, negligence; indifference; contempt. Cf.
uwazi sing, clarity, plainness, intelligibility,
dicularity. Cf. wima. taciturnity. Cf. yabisi. zembe, kizembe, mzembe.
cogency. Cf. wazi.
status (function, pay, etc.) of

uwimbi (wimbi) (single grain of a variety of) uyoga (nyoga), also kiyoga (vi-) & yoga (ma-) uzi (nyuzi) 1. thread, yarn, sokota — . spin.
uwaziri* sing,
millet (used for making beer). Cf. mtama. fungus, mushroom, toadstool. 2. string, cord. — wa timazi. plumbline (used
a minister, ministry. Cf. waziri, wizara.
by masons). 3. wire. — wa chuma. iron wire.
uwinda sing. 1. = uwindaji. 2. anat. perineum. Uyunani* sing, (ancient) Greece. Cf. — wa simu. telegraph wire. 4.: nyuzi (also
uwazo sing, meditation, reflection; imagina-
3. = ubinda. Kiyunani, Myunani. nyuzinyuzi) threads, fibers, —a nyuzinyuzi.
tion, fancy. Cf. waza.
fibrous.
uwindaji, uwinda (rare uwinzi) sing, (occupation, uza sell, vend, offer for sale. appl. uzia.
uwekaji (rare weko) (ma-) (act of) putting
methods, equipment, pay, etc. of) hunting. intr. uzika. be for sale, appl.-ass. uziana. uzima sing. 1. life, vitality; health, vigor,
aside, saving; (bank) deposit. Cf. weka.
Cf. winda. sell to each other, caus.-ass. uzanya. be energy. 2. rare lifetime. — wote. one's
for sale. pass. uzwa. Cf. mwuzaji. entire lifetime. 3. full development,
609
uzimbezimbe 608 Uzungu
uzuri sing. 1. beauty, elegance. 2. decoration, uzuwiaji sing.

maturity, adulthood. 4. fig. completeness, uziwi sing. see uki2
ornament; cosmetic(s). Cf. zuri.
perfection. 5. fig. existence, reality. Cf.
uzuzi sing.
uzohari* sing, hastiness, overhaste, rush (in jIu.
working, etc.).
uzuzu sing. 1. ignorance, inexperience,
uzimbezimbe sing, slackness, weakness; use-
uzushi, uzuzi sing. 1. appearance, emergence.
strangeness (to a place, etc.). 2. embarrass-
lessness, worthlessness; impotence. Cf. uzua* see uzulu. 2. discovery, invention; innovation, novelty.
zembe. ment, perplexity. Cf. zuzu.
3. rumor, gossip, ni - mtupu. That is a pure
uzuhali* sing. 1. friendliness, obligingness. fabrication. zua, "zuka.
Cf.
uzindusho sing., rare warning, admonition. 2. gentleness, delicacy.
Cf. zindiia.
uzuiaji, uzuwiaji, uzuizi, uzuio, uzuivu sing.

uzinge (ma-) (iron) armband, bracelet. Cf. 1. (act of) hindering, checking, obstructing;
zinga. hindrance, obstacle, check. 2. med. prophy-
laxis. Cf. zuia.
uzingo, uzungo sing, roundness, something
round; encirclement, (astr.) orbit. Cf. uzuio, uzuivu, uzuizi sing. see uzuiaji.
zinga, zungua. vaa dress, get dressed, put on (clothes). vama lie (heavy) on, weigh down on; cut into
uzuka sing, state of mourning/seclusion (of a amevaa nguo ya kisasa. She wears up-to-date (e.g., of a tight cord), go in deep, penetrate
uzini* sing. see uzinzi. (as a plant into the soil), appl. vamia. 1.
widow after her husband's death). Cf. zua, clothes, appl. valia. dress oneself in some-
= vama. 2. pounce on (someone), simba
zuka. thing, put on something; dress elegantly/
uzinifu* sing, (sexual) immorality, lechery, He wearing amemvamia. The lion pounced on him.
fashionably, amevalia leo. is
lasciviousness. Cf. zini, zinifu. uzulu*, uzuru, uzua 1. remove (from a position), his best clothes today, pass, valiwa. 1. be
dismiss, discharge, depose; reduce in rank, be dressed (of vao (ma-) 1. clothing. 2. style of clothing/
worn/shabby (of things). 2.
uzinzi*, uzini sing, illicit sexual intercourse, demote, appl. uzulia. intr. uzulika. caus. caus. visha, valisha, vika. dress dressing. Cf. vaa.
persons),
fornication, adultery. = zinaa.) Cf. zini.
( uzulisha. pass, uzuliwa. refl. jiuzulu. someone, mvike mtoto nguo! Dress the
resign, retire, abdicate. 2. (ma-) removal, undress, get undressed, varanga (— ) rare noise, din, confused sound of
child! int). vua, 1.
uzio (nyuzio) fish trap. dismissal, discharge, deposition; abdication, inv.-appl. vulia. voices, us. red.: varangavaranga. interrupt,
strip. 2. fig. rob, plunder,
resignation. inv.-intr. vuka. inv-caus. butt in on a conversation; introduce a discor-

inv.-pass. vuliwa.
uzishi (ma-) {us. mazishi) (act, method, cost, inv.-ass. dant note into a previously enjoyable conver-
vulisha. make someone undress,
etc. of) burying, burial, interment. Cf. zika. uzungo sing. see uzingo. kivazi, sation.
vuana. Cf. valio, vao, vazi, vulio,
mavalio, mavazi, mvao, mviko, mvuo.

1. heaviness, weight. 2. fig. vazi (ma-) (us. mavazi) 1. clothing, garment,
uzito sing. uzungu sing, strangeness, unusualness,
difficulty, trouble; sorrow, depression. 3. apparel, attire, costume, mavazi ya arusi.
novelty, peculiarity, anapenda — He has
. a valia appl. of vaa.
slowness, slackness; carelessness, stu- wedding apparel. 2. mil. uniform. 3.: mavazi
fondness for the novel/unusual. Cf. zungu.
4. harshness, severity. 5. coll. ya misa. rel. vestments. Cf. vaa.
pidity.
valio (ma-) ornament, accoutrement, accessory.
pregnancy. Cf. zito.
Ûzungu sing. Europe. Cf. zungu, Kizungu, Cf. vaa.
vema, vyema adv. well, properly, correctly.
^Mzungu.
uziwa sing., rare sea, ocean. Cf. ziwa. Cf. ema.
valisha caus. of vaa.
) . )
610
611 vitakataka
vena* \_Engl. J (— ) anat. vein. vijimea pi. {dimin. of mmea) bacteria.

vimbizi (ma-) overeating, stomach pains vipele pi. rash (on the skin). (- ukurutu.
(from overeating), Cf. vimba. Cf. kipele.

vepa* tEngl. J (— ) vapor, steam; exhaust vijiwe plur., med. acne. Cf. kiwe.
fumes. (= mvuke.)
vimo auxil. v. det. vi- class be in something. vipi
vika caus. of vaa.
v.h. abbr. of vivi hivi, vivyo hivyo.
vimoto adv. heatedly, hastily, energetically, vipo auxil. v. det. vi- class they are there.
viko loc, pi. they are there.
excitedly, sema — . talk excitedly /fast.
via 1. be undeveloped/stunted/atrophied (used
Cf. *moto. vipwa pi. reef, sandbank. Cf. pwa, kipwa.
of anything which has not reached the state vikope plur.: ana — He has
. bleary eyes. Cf.
normally expected), mguu wake umevia. kope, kikope.
vingi 1. see ingi. 2. adv. in great viringa, biringa 1. roll up, wind up. — uzi
His leg is withered/deformed, chakula
numbers, in abundance. katika kidonge. wind thread on a ball.
kimevia. The food is underdone. 2. stand vikorokoro pi. goods, chattels, belongings;
2. become round, be rounded/curved, intr.
still, stagnate, congeal, appl. vilia. stag- utensils, appurtenances. Cf. kikorokoro,
vingine 1. see ingine. 2. adv. (kwa — viringika. ass. viringana. 1. be round.
nate, congeal, damu imevilia ndani. The makolokolo.
differently, otherwise, in another way, 2. fig. be healthy/well nourished, caus.
blood has congealed, caus. viza. check the
variously. viringisha. 1. make round, round off.
development of something, impede, interrupt, vile 1. dem. pron.,\i- class, those, vitu —
2. twist something around. Cf. mviri-
retard, kuku huyu ameviza mayai yote. This those things. 2. adv. (also vile vile) also,
vinginevyo 1. see ingine. 2. adv. differ- ngano, mviringo, uviringo.
hen lays only addled eggs. caus. -appl. too; likewise, in the same way. mwite AM
ently, otherwise, in some other way,
vizia. 1. spoil, frustrate, thwart, balk; im- vile vile. Call Ali too. shati hili lishone
specially. ^virugu pi. 1. anger, excitement. 2. rough-
pede, stunt. 2. waylay, ambush, be 'out to vile vile. Sew this shirt in the same way.
2 ness (of the skin).
get' someone, harass. Cf. vilio, viza, fanya vile vile, follow suit.
vinginyika see finginyika.
mviziaji.
vilia opp/. of via. ^virugu pi. of kirugu.

vingirika see fingirika.
vibaya adv. badly, wickedly. Cf. baya.
visha caus. of vaa.
vilio (ma-) (us. pi.) stoppage, stagnation. — la
vinjari* 1. go back and forth; loiter/loaf
viboko plur. fancywork, fine embroidery. Cf. damu. bruise, contusion. Cf. via.
around; have nothing to do, be unemployed. war, battle. 2.
kiboko. vita {rare zita) (— ) 1. fig.
(= tangatanga.) mbona unavinjari hapa? contest, dispute, piga/fanya — . make war,
^vimba swell, swell up, expand, be swollen.
Why do you keep walking up and down wage a war. leta — attack, raid, invade,
vidondo pZur. kindling. .
kidole nilichojiumiza kimevimba. The finger

here? naut. cruise, manowari ya ku-
2. alika — . challenge to battle, declare war.
that I hurt is swollen, appl. vimbia. be be on the watch,
vinjari. cruiser. 3. — vya kienyeji. civil war. — kuu (kubwa)
vifaa plur. necessaries, (personal) belong-
swollen/bloated/stuffed; have digestive
search. Cf. uvinjari. ya pili duniani. the Second World War.
ings; material(s), utensils; commodities. difficulties, caus. vimbisha. caus-refl.
mchezo wa — . maneuver, ngoma ya kivita.
Cf. faa, kifaa. jivimbisha. overeat, pass, vimbivva.
vinya, vinyavinya 1. shake, swing, rock. 2. war dance. kivita.
Cf.
amekula mpaka akavimbiwa. He has eaten so
crush, mash (food). 3. move back and
vifijo plur. whistling, shouts (of approval),
much that he has stomach trouble. Cf. vi- wag, quiver. kivinyovinyo.
forth, Cf. vitakataka pi. trifles, odds and ends, mis-
applause. mbizi, kivimbe, uvimbe.
cellany, ana biashara ya — tu. He carries
vinyavinya see vinya. on only a small retail business. Cf. taka.
vieumu
R •" with difficulty,
adv. hardly, ni « , ... . ,, ,
A'imba, iimba roof/thatch (a house). (- ezeka.)
vieumu kusadiki mambo hayo. It is hard to
" .
mv. vimbua. remove thatch. (- ezua.

believe those things. Cf. gumu.
612 613 nbu
vitamini [ Engl. J (-) vitamin. vongonya, vungunya (ma-) vongonya (fruit of vue (— ma-)
, clump/thicket of long grass. vulisha inv. -caus. of vaa.
the mvongonya, q.v.).
vitio pi. growth or swelling on the genitals. vugaza dial, close partially, put to, leave vuma 1. roar, growl, howl (wind, water, wild
= kisukumi.) vote* L Engl. J rare vote (= kura). vo-
( Cf. ajar (a door). animals); hum, buzz (insects); roll, rumble
tesha, uvoteshaji. (thunder). 2. fig. be a subject of conver-
vitumbuizo pi. entertainment. Cf. tumbuika. vugo (ma-) vugo (a kind of horn, musical sation/the talk of the town. 3. work hard
votesha* \_Engl. J get out the vote, conduct instrument). (carpenters, etc.). 4. lose at cards.
vivi adv. — hivi. just so, in this very way. an election campaign. Cf. vote. double appl. vumilia. endure, tolerate,
vuguta dial. - vukuta. put up with; persevere, intr. vumika. be
vivia, vuvia 1. blow (with the mouth), blow *vua (or — samaki) fish, (try to) catch fish. much talked about/famous/notorious.
up. 2. coll. cheat, swindle, dupe. Cf. — kwamshipi. fish with a line (or trap). vuguvugu adj. lukewarm, tepid; stuffy (of a caus. vumisha. 1. make a noise, cause
uvuvio. room). uvuguvugu. a commotion. 2. cause to be talked about,

appZ. vulia. ndoana ya kuvulia. fishhook. Cf.
vuo, 'mvuo, mvuvi, uvuvi.

make well-known/famous. 3. win at cards.
Cf.
vivinyuka see finginyuka. vuja leak, ooze (of a liquid); be leaky, let in Cf. vumi, vumilivu, kivumi, mvumi,
water (of a roof, wall), appl. vujia. intr. 'mvumo, uvumi, uvumilivu.
^vua save, keep, preserve, get/keep out of
vivu adj. 1. slow, idle, lazy; careless; lan- vujika. appl.-pass. vujiwa. leo nimevuji-
trouble, intr. vuka. 1. be saved/pre-
guorous, indifferent, apathetic. 2. dull,
served; escape. 2. pass (safely) through; wa. It rained in on me today. vumatiti, mvumatiti (— ) 1. vumatiti (species
blunt = butu). kivivu, mvivu, uvivu. of owl). 2. med. convulsions (of children).
( Cf. cross, pass over, be ferried across, vuka
mto katika ngalawa. cross a stream in *vuka see *fuka.
vivyo adv.: — hivyo. in just the same way an outrigger canoe, nimevuka katika
vumba (ma-) (bad) smell of fish.
fig.
(as before). taabu hii. have overcome these difficul- z vuka
I intr. of vua.
ties, caus. vusha & intr. -caus. vukisha.
vumbi (ma-) {also fumbi, — ) 1. dust,
sweepings; sediment (in water), chumba

*viza caus. of via. cause to cross, ferry over. Cf. kivuko,
''vuka inv.-intr. of vaa. — tele. The room is very dusty. 2. powder.
mvuko, mvushaji, uvushi.
3. chaff. 4. phys. particle. Cf. kivumbi,
^viza adj. & n. (ma-): yai (la) — —
, la yai. vuke (ma-) see mvuke.
uvumbi.
spoiled/addled egg, Cf. via. *vua bail (water out of a boat; ~ kumba).
vukizo (ma-) see fukizo.

cover up, hide, conceal. bury
vumbika 1. 2.
vizuri adv. nicely, beautifully; properly, *vua inv. of vaa.
fruit for ripening, ndizi hizi hazikuiva
correctly. Cf. zuri. vukuta, fukuta {dial, vuguta) blow/work
zenyewe, ni ndizi za kuvumbika. These
9
^vua: — macho, cast a glance, raise the bellows. Cf. mvua. bananas did not ripen naturally, they were
vokali* L Germ. J (— ) vowel. eyes. artificially ripened. 3. bake {potatoes,
vukuto (ma-) see fukuto, mfukuto.
etc.). 4. fig. keep close to home, con-
voliboli* LEngl.l {-) volleyball. vuata put/hold in the mouth; chew tobacco. vumbilia.
fine to the house, double appl.
vuli sing, vuli (the short rainy season:
stir up, excite, provoke (trouble, war).
volkeno* L Engl. J (— ) volcano. vuaza cut, pierce. 2. hurt, cause November and December in Zanzibar).
1. fig. Cf. vumbua,
pain, amevuazwa na kisu. He has been
volta* \_Engl. J (— ) elec. volt, voltage.
cut with a knife, maneno haya yamemvua- vulio (ma-) something laid aside or cast off:
vumbu (ma-) lump (in flour, rice).
za sana. These words hurt/offended him cast-off clothing; the sloughed-off skin of
very much (cut him to the quick). a snake. Cf. vaa.

vunjifu 615
614 vunjifi
vunjifu adj. destructive. Cf. vunja. wa mbali sana. X. has been sent a long
vumbua, zumbua uncover, bring to light; study, vundevunde adj. see vunde.
way off. refl.-caus. jivurumisha. put on
examine; find, invent, discover; explore,
vunjilia appl. of vunja. airs, boast, brag.
— nchi. explore a country. — vita, begin vunga, vunge (ma-) bunch, bundle, bale.
war. appl. vumbulia. intr, vumbuka. caus. Cf. kivunga.
vuno (ma-) see mavuno. vurumai (ma-) rare disorder, destruction,
vumbusha. Cf. *fumba, vumbika.
chaos.
vungavunga 1. break up/into small pieces,
vutnburuka be startled (of a sleeping animal), crumble. — mkate. crumble up bread. ^vuo (ma-) catch (of fish). {- "mvuo 2.)
Cf.
1. vuruvuru see vuru.
cans, vumburusha. startle, start up, scare. 2. crumple, rumple, wrinkle (clothing).
— nguo. wrinkle up a garment. 3. con-
^vuo (— ) vuo (a medicine prepared from vari- vusha cause, of vua.
viimi. viimn (ma-) a dull /indistinct/rnmbline' fuse, perplex.
ous roots and herbs for use in a vapor bath
noise: roar, growl, rumble, hum, buzz.
vuta 1. draw, pull, drag. — makasia. row
or for inhalation).
Cf. vuma. vunge (ma-) see vunga.
(a boat). — gari. pull a wagon. — tu-
mbako (sigara, bangi). smoke tobacco

vumilia {double appl. of vuma) endure, vura pull/take out (of a bundle).
vungu adj. hollow, concave. Cf. mvungu.
(a cigarette, hashish). - pumzi. inhale,
tolerate, put up with; persevere. Cf. vu-
take a deep breath. — mtambo wa bunduki.
vuru, vuruvuru adv. with a humming/whirring
milivu, uvumilivu. vungunya (ma-) see vongonya.
pull the trigger of a gun. — maji. draw
sound (e.g., of a spinning top).
water. 2. stretch, prolong, protract.
vumilio (ma-) see uvumilivu. vunja 1. break {in gen.: up, through, into,
— maneno. protract a speech. 3. fig.
to pieces, etc.). 2. tear down, demolish; vuruga, vurugavuruga 1. stir, stir up, mix.
attract, fascinate; influence, mkutano
vumilivu adj. patient, forbearing; steadfast, spoil, damage, destroy. — nyumba. pull
— maji. stir up/trouble water. — mkate.
umevuta watu wengi sana. The meeting
courageous. vuma. down a house. — crumble bread. 2. disarrange, disorganize,
Cf. 3.: ungo. reach puberty,
attracted a great many people. — macho.
menstruate for the first time. 4. fig. in-
create disorder; rumple, wrinkle. — nguo.
attract attention, appl. vutia. vutia roho.
vumo (ma-) see vumi. terrupt, delay. — interrupt a wrinkle a dress. 3. fig. stir up, excite,
safari,
struggle for breath, ass. vutana. Cf.
journey. diminish, reduce. — incite, agitate, intr. vurugika. 1. be
5. mapesa.
mvuta, mvuto, uvutano, uvuto, uvutaji.
vuna, funa 1. gather, pick, reap, harvest. change money. unfold. — stirred up/mixed. 2. be decayed/decom-
6. kilemba.
— pick gain, take off a turban. — posed, ass. vurugana. Cf. mavurugano,
matunda. fruit. 2. fig. 7. fig.: moyo. dis-
mavurugo, mvurugaji, mvurugu, vuruguvuru- vuvi (— ) vuvi (a large snake),
profit, derive an advantage, refl. jivuna. courage, dishearten, intimidate. 8. fig.:
boast, brag, be conceited/insolent. Cf. ki- — uso. humiliate, insult publicly, appl. gu; also buruga.
vuvia see vivia.
vuno, majivuno, mavuno, mvunaji, uvuno. vunjia, vunjilia. appl.-pass. vunjiwa.
vunjiwa mwiko. violate a taboo, intr. vurugavuruga see vuruga.
vuvumka develop well, grow fast, thrive
vunda spoil, sour, decompose, be high (of vunjika. Cf. vunjifi, vunjifu, kivunja-
disorder, confusion. (of children, plants), caus. vuvumsha.
meat); stink, caus. vundisha & intr.-int. vunja, kivunjo, mvunja, mvunjaji, mvunjo, vuruguvurugu (ma-)
encourage growth or development, feed
vundikiza. cause decomposition, produce uvunjaji, uvunzovunzo. Cf. vuruga.
well, fatten (animals).
a bad smell/stench. Cf. vunde, kivunde,
vuruma 1. = vuruga. 2. caus. vurumisha,
uvundo. vunjajungu (— ) see kivunjavunja.
vurumiza. throw (away), hurl (a long dis- vuvuwaa 1. be lukewarm/tepid. 2. be si-
tance); (fig.) send (far) away, vurumisha lent/taciturn/reserved. 3. have no opin-

vunde 1. (ma-) something decomposed/pu- vunjifi adj. broken, ruined, destroyed.
fulani amevurumish- ions of one's own.
become high. vunja. jiwe. throw a stone,
trid/stinking; meat that has Cf.
2.: vundevunde adj. cloudy, overcast.
Cf. vunda.
616
61' jibia
vuzi (ma-) (us. navuzi) body hair (armpits, vyenu see -enu.
pubic; cf. Iaika). Ava* con]., rare and. •^wadi* (— ) rare wadi (dry stream-bed);
vyeo pi. 1. see cheo. 2.: - vya juu katika ravine, defile.
vya conn, vi- class: vidole — mkono. the elimu. the highest academic rank. ''wa conn. m-/wa- cl. mwalimu — darasa.
fingers of the hand.
the teacher of the class, watu — tnji. the ''wadi* 1. (us. appl. wadia) be high time
vyero (— ) fish trap. —
people of the city, mfuko mke. the to... saa yake ya kusafiri imewadia. It is
vyaa dial. see zaa.
woman's purse, uzito — mzigo. the heavi- high time for him to start on his journey.
vyeti* \jnd. ] pi. of cheti. ness of the burden. 2. (— ) appointed time, proper time (to
vyake see -ake.
leave).
vyetu see -etu.
Mvaa (ma-) (also kiwaa, vi-) 1. spot, speck,
vyako see -ako.
vyo det. class — whatever (you wafiki* be suitable/appropriate, agree, cor-
vi- vyote. patch (of color), nyama mwenye — . spotted/
please). respond, be the same. appl. wafikia. ass.
speckled animal. 2. fig. stain, blot, blem-
vyakula pi. of chakula. wafikiana. be equivalent/synonymous.
ish, stigma. 3. indication, characteristic,
vyoga step/tread/stamp on, trample, crush. Cf. afiki.
criterion.
vyamba pi. of *chamba. appl. vyogea. intr. vyogeka.
wahabu* sing., liter, god of love.

vyambo pi. of chambo. ^waa shine, gleam; blaze, burn, flame.
vyombo pi. of chombo.
Cf. vvaka, maawio; also wawa.
wahadi* (— ) see ahidi.
vyanda pi. of ^chanda. vyoo pi. of choo.
waadhi*, widhaa (— ) (also maudhia) rare
wahed* see wahedi.
vyangu see — angu. vyote see — ote. sermon, speech.
wahedi*, wahed num., rare one. (

= moja.)
vyao see — ao. vyuma see waaidha* see aidha.
pi. 1. ^chuma. 2. coll. money.
wahedu* adv. only, solely.
vyaro pi. of charo. vyuo pi. of Ichuo, 2 c huo.
waama* conj. afterwards, then; further,
moreover.
wahi* 1. be on time, be prompt; reach, arrive
vyema see vena, vyura pi. of chura. (on time, at the right time), alitaka kuwahi
waana pi. of mwana. gari la moshi. He wanted to reach the train
at the right time. 2. be ready (to do some-
waba* (— ) rare pestilence (us. cholera).
thing), aliwahi kufanya kazi. He was
= ^kipindupindu.)
(
ready to work. appl. wahia. pass, wahi-
wa. Cf. uwahi.
wa 1. be, become, exist. — na... be with... once upon a time fat the beginning of tales), and now (introducing
wabadahu* conj., rare
= have). — na imani. have confidence.
(
appl. wia, wea. 1. give someone some- the body of a letter, after the salutation).
waima*, waina conj., rare if not, otherwise.
— nakazi. have work. — na shaka. have thing, uniwie radhi! Excuse me! 2. be ...
doubt. — na shida. have difficulty. — na to (a person), mambo haya yataniwia ma- wadhifa* (— ) rare position, job.
wajadili* (— ) rare opposition,
umoja. agree. — sawasawa na. be the gumu. These things will be very hard on
same as, match, correspond. 2. happen, me. See also sub wea, wia. pass. wiwa.
^wadi* (— ) rare son. - Ali. son of Ali. wajibia* appl. of wajibu.
occur, palikuwa, alikuwako, palikuwako.
arch, wadinasi. a well-born man (the son
of free parents).
,
akili 619
wajibu 618 wakifu
wakili* 1. represent, act as representative/ 2wali* (ma-) see liwali.
wajibu* 1. sinj, duty, responsibility, task, wakala* (— ) representation; proxy, power of agent, appl. wakilia. caus. wakilisha.
obligation; proper behavior (us. in amoral of attorney; appointment; agency. Cf. wa- walii* (ma-) Isl. saint.
appoint as representative/agent/deputy,
sense), ni — wako kuwaheshimu wazee kili. (ma-)
empower, authorize, commission. 2.
wako. It is your (moral) duty to respect see *nyalio 2.
representative, agent, deputy; (jur.) at- Iwalio (nyalio)
your parents. 2. v. be a duty, be obliga- wakati* (nyakati) 1. time (in gen.), period,
torney, lawyer; fpo/Jrepresentative, dele-
tory/proper, appl. wajibia. caus. waji- season. — wa mavuno. harvest time. — wa gate; (pi.) agency. — wa kutoa habari. 2 walio (nyalio) see Nyalio 1.
bisha. obligate, force, compel. Cf. injibu, kulala. — wa alasiri. during the
bedtime. news agency. Cf. wakala, mawakili, ta-
mujibu. afternoon. — huu. (during) this time. —

wakali, uwakili. ^walio (nyalio) welt, weal, scar.
ule. at that time, then. — ujao (upitao).
wajihi* I. appear; meet (face to face), pre- the future (past). 2. point of time, fixed
wakina* (— ) see akina. inter j. By God!
wallahi!*, wallai!
sent oneself; go to see, visit; greet, sa- time, moment. — haujafika bado. It is not
lute, appl. wajihia. ass. wajihiana. yet the right time/moment. 3. chance, op-
^wako see -ako. wallai!* see wallahi!
meet (each other) face to face. 2. sing. portunity, huu ni — wako, angalia! Watch
(external) appearance, exterior, surface, out, this is your chance!
2 wako wama (us. appl. wamia) 1. lie down on
auxil. v. det. 1. they are there.
— wa mtu (kitu). the appearance of a per-
one's stomach. 2. bend over something
2. he (she, it) is there.
son (thing). 3. sing, visit, reception. wake see -ake.
(e.g., a fire).
wakwe pi. parents-in-law. Cf. mkwe.

wajomba plur. wajomba (one's male relatives wakef*, wakf, wakfu, wakifu (— ) Isl. 1. en- cover.
wamba 1. spread/stretch over,
on one's mother's side). Cf. mjomba. dowment (land, money) made to a mosque, a skin. 2. be
wala
— ngoma. cover a drum with
wala* conj. and not, but not, nor. ...
trust, settlement, weka — . make an endow- ukungu umewamba.
cloudy /overcast/foggy,
wala. neither ... nor. Hakuweza kusema
^waka 1. burn, catch fire, be in flames, mti
ment/bequest (to a mosque). 2.: — ya ma- appl. wambia. caus. wa-
It is foggy,
- Kiingereza - Kifaransa. He could speak
kaburi. a burial plot acquired during one's
unawaka upesi. Wood catches fire quickly. mbisha. Cf. kiambaza, kiwambo, mwambo,
neither English nor French.
elec. taa inawaka. The lamp is
lifetime. 3. rel. consecration, weka — uwambo; also âmba.
fig.,
consecrate. Cf. uwakfu.
turned on. 2. shine, gleam. 3. fig. be
walahi* inter], really, indeed. - nitakwe-
inflamed, be painful. 4. be excited/ wambe sing, dust from threshing/winnowing
fig.
wakf* (— ) nda. I will indeed go.
see >kef. grain.
angry, appl. wakia. catch fire (accident-
ally), caus. washa. cause to burn, set

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S W AHILI-E N GLISH DICTIONARY

Angelica Wanjinu Gesuga Leslie R. Leinone

Harold M. Onyango Josiah Florence G. Kuipers

Bureau of Special Research

The Catholic University of Americ a Prei

site coast, roughly from Dar es Salaam to Mombasa,

(and his many associates), Sacleux, Olderogge, and Hoftmann.*

cal outward form.

abs. absolute chem. chemistry

Ar. Arabic cul. culinary

arch, archaic dem., demon, demonstrative

arith. arithmetic derog. derogatory

ass. associative det. determinative

astr., astron. astronomy dial, dialectal

augm., augment, augmentative dimin. diminutive

auto, automotive term dur. durative

intr. intransitive oh\. object prov. proverb

obs. obsolete psych, psychology

onom. onomatopoeic punct. punctuation

expr. expression ling, linguistics

fern, feminine lit. literal(ly)

hist, historical pol. political term typ. typography

interjection neg. negative

aasi* see lasi.

abadan* 1. adv. never, hawatakuja kwetu abudi* (— ) see budi.

2. interj. Make way! abudu* pray, worship; serve; fear.

Abunuwasi*, Banawasi liter, proper name

such tales. Cf. kibanawasi.

acha, dial, ata leave (behind), desert,

railway, automobile, airplane), appl. to someone, let someone have something;

^abiria* awl. of abiri. cease, break off; leave alone, abandon.

:hali adhini adhi ifikana

torment; harass, molest, annoy. (= ^sindikiza.) evil eye) .

ada* 1. {— ) fee, (customary) payment, gift watakapochelewa kurudi kwenye masomo

harusi. wedding-present, kiasi cha — tu. adhabu.

eration; good manners. Huna — You have

ceremony. — la misa takatifu. rel. Cf. adabu.

adhimisha) praise, honor, glorify, impartiality. 3. (also adilifu) adj. right,

understanding. Agano Jipya. New ahali*, ahli (— ) 1. relations, family,

ment, make a settlement, be reconciled.

mwafaka. hana — nzuri or — yake si nzuri. He

opium. (= kasumba.) but the work is usually done by oxen.

aibisho* (ma-) see aibu.

aibu* (— ), aibisho (ma-) shame, dishonor,

scandal, disgrace. Cf. aibika.

1. agreement, settlement, contract,

Ajemi* see Uajemi.

ajenti* LEngl.J (—) agent, manager,

aina* (— ) 1, kind, sort, class, kila — ya... foreman.

species, 4. breed (of cattle, etc.). ajibu* see ajabu.

aini* show; explain, define; classify, akika* (— ) akika: 1. ceremony of a baby's

sing, his, her. kiti chake. his chair. child. 2 akiki.

— ya as a result of, thanks to and kwa ^akiki* (— ) min. carnelian.

of. Cf. minajili. ^akiki* 1. the slaughtering of a goat for the

nyingi mno — . extraordinarily many, an ligence, intellect; judgment, discretion.

sacrifice.) prov. tabibu hazuii — The.

An accident occurred there today. ajuza* (— ) rare old woman. (

akrab* sing., rare: — magharibi. south- 2. indication, marking, trace, tia —

2. beckon, entice. 3. inform, explain.

aksidenti*, eksidenti lEngl.} (— ) rare (between 3 and 5 o'clock).

(cloth worn after circum-

cision to protect the wound). Allah* God (usually in Arabic formulas).

Bismillahi. In the name of Allah. weka — leave as . a pledge, give as

Thursday. amania* liter, trust, believe in, depend/

bilahi, billahi! inter j. by Allah! birimbi [Port.l (-) see bilimbi.