Lesson plan

Teacher: Freddy Reyes Falck

Mathematics 5th grade

Unit: The amazing World of the Fractions.

General Objectives: Students will be able to:

 Write a fraction to tell what part of a region is shaded.

 Identify and calculate equivalent fractions.
 Add fractions with same denominator.
 Identify and calculate reciprocal fractions.

Specific learning outcomes:

 Using a piece of rectangular paper, the students will represent the fractions: ½ , ¼,
1/8, 2/4, 4/8.
 The students will compare ½ , 2/4, 4/8 and find out they are equivalent.
 Using the polygon game, the students will calculate the fraction that each figure
represents: triangle, rhombus, trapezoid and hexagon.
 Using the polygon game, the students will add fractions with same denominator:
a) 1/14 + 2/14, b) 6/14 + 6/14, c) 2/14 + 4/14.

Rationale:

Most students will benefit from the use of physical objects when they are introduced to
the concept of equivalent fractions and addition of fractions. These activities were
designed to show the students that the notion of several names for a number is similar to
the notion of several names for a person. One of them is the "given name". In the same
way that we refer to "Rebecca Smith, alias Becky Smith", we can refer to "1/2, alias 3/6".

Content and Skills/Processes:

Denominator
Numerator
Fractions
Equivalent fractions
Reciprocal fractions
Addition of fractions
Lowest terms fraction
Instructional Procedures:

 Provide each student with a piece of rectangular paper. Fold the paper in half.
After you have folded the paper in half, instruct the students to do the same. You
have divided a whole piece of paper into two equal parts.
 Instruct the students to color one of the two equal parts. Ask a student to write
1/2 on the board to show that one out of the two equal parts is now shaded.
 Introduce the vocabulary words numerator and denominator. The numerator is the
number of parts shaded and the denominator is the total number of equal parts.
 Repeat the same activity with pieces of paper, demonstrating 1/4, 3/4, 1/8. Each
time, a student should write the fraction on the board and identify the numerator
and the denominator.
 Ask students to fold a rectangular sheet of paper in half and color one of the two
equal parts. Ask what fraction of the paper is colored (1/2). Now have them
refold the same paper and then fold it in half once again. Unfold. How many
equal parts now? (4) What fraction is shaded (2/4 or 1/2) Since the amount of
shading has not changed, this means that 1/2 =2/4. Tell students that 1/2 and 2/4
are two names for the same amount. Therefore, they are equivalent. Now have
students refold the papers and then fold in half a third time. Unfold. What new
fraction have they found that is equivalent to 1/2 and 2/4? (4/8) These three
fractions name the same amount.
 Using the polygon game, have students cover their outline with a green block and
a blue block. Show this at the same time on the overhead. Ask: What fraction of
the whole does this represent? Ask students if they can "replace" blocks so that all
the blocks are the same. The blue block will then be replaced by 2 green blocks.
Connecting with what they learned in the previously they should be able to
answer the question (3/14). At this point, the teacher may wish to write the
following on the board or chart paper: 1/14 + 2/14 = 3/14 and show with the
blocks that this represents what they have just done. Repeat the exercise as many
times as necessary with different blocks.

Assessment:

 The students will create a birth certificate for a Fraction baby including the
following: Fraction name, fraction parents (equivalent fractions), Weight
(reciprocal fraction), Time of birth, date of birth and ancestors (two addition
problems with common denominator). The creativity, neatness and correct
spelling will be evaluated as well as the mathematical operations.

Materials and Resources:

Pieces of rectangular paper, paper polygons, chalkboard, overhead projector, chocolate

cake, chalk, crayola, and markers.