Say or tell?

Decir (Say) y Contar (Tell) son verbos irregulars. El pasado simple de Say es Said y el de Tell es Told:

They asked if I was looking for work and I said yes.

Then he told me how he had got the job by lying about his age.

Usamos Say y Tell en diferentes maneras en un reporte hablado. Say se focaliza en las palabras
que alguien dijo a alguien más, y Tell se focaliza en la información de lo dicho a alguien más.

‘Hello,’ she said.

Not: ‘Hello,’ she told.

She told him they were going on holiday. (El foco está en la información de lo dicho.)

Say and tell con objetos.

Ambos, Say y Tell se emplean con objetos. El objeto es comúnmente la cláusula reportada. (El
reporte de lo que alguien dijo).

reporting clause reported clause (direct object)

She said I don’t know what you mean.’

I told her why it had happened.

Tell normalmente se emplea con objetos indirectos = OI (una o más personas = io) y un objeto
directo OD (La cláusula del reporte = OD):

The boy told us he didn’t want any money.

[OI] [OD]

Sin embargo, usamos Tell sin un objeto indirecto con palabras tales como; the truth, a lie, a joke, a
story:

You should never tell a lie.

Not: … say a lie.

Come on Kevin. You’re good at telling jokes.

Say does not take an indirect object. Instead, we use a phrase with to:

And then she said to me, ‘I’m your cousin. We’ve never met before.’

Not: And then she said me …

Tell + indirect object + to-infinitive

Usamos Tell con un objeto indirecto para un reporte de carácter infinitivo, un comando o
instrucciones. Normalmente no lo usamos en esta forma:

They told us to come back the next day.

Not: They said us to come …

They told her to wait till the doctor arrived.

Ingles hablado:

Pero de habla informal, a veces usamos Say + un infinitivo para reportar un comando o una
instrucción.

I asked him if he wanted it today but he said to leave it till tomorrow.

Imperativo:

El imperativo es una orden de hacer algo: Haz eso, no hagas aquello. Para formar el imperativo, se
usa el verbo en infinitivo, pero empezando con el verbo directamente.

Realizar 5 oraciones en Presente Simple. A cada una de esas oraciones deberás transformarla a
pregunta y luego responderlas de manera afirmativa y negativa.

1) Trains are more expensive than buses in London.

Are Trains more expensive than buses in London?

No. they aren’t more expensive than buses in London.

Yes, they are more expensive than buses in London.

2) Hannah is taller than Jane.

Is Hannah taller than Jane?

No, Hannah isn’t taller than Jane.

Yes, Hannah is taller than Jane.

3) Fruit is healthier than chocolate.

Is Fruit healthier than chocolate?

No, Fruit isn’t healthier than chocolate.

Yes, Fruit is healthier than chocolate.

4) Max is better at maths than David, but is worse at maths than Sarah.

Is Max better at maths than David, but is worse at maths than Sarah?

No, Max isn’t better at maths than David, but is worse at maths than Sarah.

Yes, Max is better at maths than David, but is worse at maths than Sarah.

5) France is slightly bigger than Spain.

Is France slightly bigger than Spain?

No, France isn’t slightly bigger than Spain.

Yes, France is slightly bigger than Spain.

Realizar 5 oraciones en Presente Progresivo. A cada una de esas oraciones deberás transformarla a
pregunta y luego responderlas de manera afirmativa y negativa. (GO / FLIRT / CUT / READ / SING.

1) I am going to the beach.

am I going to the beach.

No, I am not going to the beach.

Yes, I am going to the beach.

2) She is flirting with me.

Is She flirting with me?

No, she isn’t flirting with me.

Yes, she is flirting with me.

3) They are cutting clothes.

Are they cutting clothes?

No, they aren’t cutting clothes.

Yes, they are cutting clothes.

4) He is reading a new novel.

Is he reading a new novel?

No, he isn’t reading a new novel.

Yes, he is reading a new novel.

5) She is singing in Italian.

Is she singing in Italian?

No, she isn’t singing in Italian.

Yes, she is singing in Italian.

Traduce las siguientes oraciones usando el posesivo anglosajón (‘ o ‘S).

La casa de Pablo es muy bonita.

Pablos’s house is very beautiful

1) Este es el coche de Mary, aquel es el de Carla.

This is Mary’s car that is Carla’s car.

2) El marido de Susan es el padre de Robert.

Susan’s husband is Robert’s father.

3) Hoy es el cumpleaños de mi madre.

Today is my mother’s birthday

4) ¿Dónde esta la cerveza de tu abuelo?

Where is your grandparent’s beer?

5) ¿Está el hermano de Pedro aquí?

Is Pedro’s brother here?

COMPLETE LAS ORACIONES USANDO SAY O TELL.

1) Ana say she didn’t like movie.

2) She wouldn’t tell me her phone number.

3) Come on tell me everything.

4) Lisa tell us she was very tired.

5) Say him to have fun at the party.

6) Jules say Rue that escape with her.

ESCRIBA LAS SIGUIENTES TRADUCCIONES DE LOS SIGUIENTES IPERATIVOS:

1) Write down Escribe (escriba, escriban) = (todo depende a quien vaya dirigido).

2) Sit Dawn Siéntese ( II ll ).

3) Stand Up Levantese ( II ll ).

4) Do your homework Hagan la tarea ( II ll ).

5) Be quiet Silencio.

6) Stand in line* Mantengase en linea. ( II ll ).

7) Pay attention Ponga atencion. ( II ll ).

8) Open your book Abra su libro. ( II ll ).