a | Budo Training in Aikido Morihei Ueshiba, fc ounder of. Ai kido Sugawara Martial Arts Institute ERREREEU AIRE. ~ RR RRR W PESEBUDO TRAINING IN AIKIDO ‘Written by Moritaka (Mori) Ueshiba, founder of Aikido ‘Translated into English by Lamy E. Bieri (® in Japan) Seiko Mabuchi (® in Japan) Alleights reserved Copyright © 1997 by Kisshomara Ueshia Published by Sugawara Martial Aut Lstcte ne, 20:13, Tadao 3 chome, Machid-shi, Tokyo, 194.0035 Japan ISBN; 4.88996.079-4 ‘Second priming: Apt 2002 Printed io Distribuors United States: Kodansha Ametica, We. tcugh Oxford University Press, 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Canada: Fitzheory & Whiteside Lid, 195 Allstate Parkway, Marka, Onesio L3R STB. sited Kingdom and Europe: Premier Book Marketing Ltd, ‘Ciatengon House, 52, Commuket Sireet, Oxford OX! 3H, United Kingdom. Australia and Nev Zealand: Bookwise international, 54 Crittenden Road, Findon, South Australia 023, Australis Asia and Japan; Sapan Publications Trading Co, Lt, 1-2-1 Saragaku-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0054, Japan. BUDO TRAINING IN AIKIDO Sugawara Martial Arts Institute | Japan PublicationsUPON REPUBLICATION OF ENGLISH EDITION This book, written by founder of Aikido, Morihei Ueshiba, was published as a revised English edition adapted to the current new age. Tam very grateful for this significant publication, Throughout his life Morihei Ueshiba wrote only two books on Aikido. This “Budo | Renshw” (original name) was the first of two. I remember how he had been devoted to | its work while it was still in preparation. Recently, the spirit of Aikido has gained world wide recognition which is the season for which I believe it can serve greatly in the role as a new guiding principle in the education of today’s youth which must bear the next generation, At the beginning of the Showa era (from 1926 onward), Aikido had not been popular when compared with other competitive martial arts seen in tournament, since in Aikido the mind and the body was trained internally without the use of competition. | Recent Aikido has received recognition from other martial arts fields which made me remember many situation of chose past days, filling me with deep emotion, Thope that many people will read this new book with appreciation and use it as ‘mental nutrition in every day training. If this should occur, then this revised edition will have great significance - not only Mr. Tetsutaka Sugawara, who put in quite an ffort in the publication of this book, but also many other people share this wish including the founder now in heaven, Morihei Ueshiba, who is greatful for this publication, 1 sincerely want proper Aikido to be trained. May 1997 Kisshomarw Veshiba, AikidoshuTRANSLATOR’S INTRODUCTION We would like to begin by thanking Dosha Ueshiba Kisshomaru and the Aikikai Foundation for making this family treasure available for publication. ‘We also wish to express our appreciation to those teachers who gave their invaluable help in explaining clitieult passages Due tothe historical nature of this work certain ‘represents the positive aspeet and the other negative. side. In he ease of labeling the arms “few and fiz, «he resulting balanced shape symbolizes the 2 aspets ‘ofthe individual soln harmony witha widhin tse 5. Se-delusion lends one down an evil rail in to your spiritual horse. Do not give Self-delusion or doubt Toan evil way Will load To the spititual horse sive no rei 6. Jo-Dan must be empty of sel, ‘Then in that way | One can cut down the thrusts of spears and OLA anaes As for Jo-Dan A selfless Jo-Dan aay a In this way ‘The autacks of spears Can be cut down, and you ean win, 7. Should your enemy take Ge-Dan tay as you are in Chu-Dan Do not move your weapon up down ‘The enemy [takes) Ge-Dar [Stay] In dhe same Kamae, In Chu-Dao Neither raise nor lower ‘Change not (your stancel 8, Progress only comes with constant practice Built up and kept to oneselr Do not hape for ‘seeret teachings? ‘They will ead you nowhere Progress? Both practice and che |resuting, inner) ‘experiences Must be stored up Do not hope for secret teachings ‘Tere is no future in that 9. Spearheads to the front Thrusting shafts to the rear, ‘The enemy everywhere! But with the spears as your shield Cut your way to victory To the frant and to the tear Spearheads and butts ‘The enemy! ‘With the spears as your shiehé Cut Lyour way) in and win 10. Chop off and throw away te delusions OF cutting or parrying, of left or of right Use the spirit to rush Left and right Cutting and blocking Discard them all (Rather] with the spirit oF entering Go in nstanity IL, Without the slightest Suki*, diseard all thought OF the enemy and his encireting ving of swords, Just jump in and cut! Wilh no Suki, Allacking and encireling Swords of the enemy Disearding tall Step in and cut NOTE: * Suki: an opening: an unguarded place, ~volerable to atack, 12, Should an enemy come running ar strike, Avoid inten with a step t0 the side ‘Then attack in an instant, ‘One of the enemy Comes waning When he sitikes Take a step to avoid [im] And cut instantly 13, One who is always prepared for any event Need not use tis blade rashly or in haste. Any petvon [who] [No matter what happens Is well prepared Inv hase, bis sword (is)ieasteetemtnrsnmernon ionic foe, ‘The enemy raises his sword to attack 18. A forest of opposing swords is led But lo, 1 am already standing behind ‘With the enemy’s spirit as your only shield 14, Ito weaken the enemy is fo your intent, h First step inside and ent Standing in opposition A forest of swords ‘Must never use, Raising his sword and If the encmy’s sword Ised “Thinking {am before bist 10 weaken Asa shield, the enemy's He flies in t attack Is your plan Spit, I ake Bot to the enemy’s rear First step in and close Tam already standing ‘Thon evt 19, To realize the Ultimate Truth of the Unity of the Two Worlds, 23, Drawing out the attack of the perverse Ceasolessly cultivate sincerity with all your enemy, 15, Though surrounded by a crowd of the heart : My body stands behind him and cuts Fight with the thomght that they are but one. Sincerity ‘The warped enemy ‘More snd more with all your heart : Ise Practice and perfect i My form “The essential Unity of the Two Worlds ‘ Behind him standing ‘Come to know its cuth Cais the enemy down sed to attack A. cuultitude of enemy Enclteles me ‘Though they attack Asasingle toe view therm, As fight 20, Bujutsu isthe form and spititof the goods, Precious parent(s) of zw and Mizu 24, When challenged by a single enemy Watch outt 16, Iu the midst ofa forest of enemy spears, You are always surrounded Know their very tips as your shield Busjutsuis 2 “The form of the gous 4 When challenged Surrounded! ‘And their spirit : Even by a single foe Into a forest of spears Faw and Miau's Watch ont! have enteres Precious parent(s) A herd of enemy ‘Asa shield ihe spears’ Surrounds si sides ‘Tips you must know 21, Call out the perverted enemy : ‘Advance and set him straight by the sword of 17. Rach time before the gods I stands ‘the gods of Aiki, ‘That blessed Way of few and Mizu All for the sake of the Way No enemy would ever think of attacking, Floods my mind by the gods For the sake of the Way ‘The Aiki techniques Again and Again “The perveried enemy Bach time T go to worship Call out, and set him straight ‘You have mastered Treeall Proceod in the word No fon of enemy feu and Mizu ‘And the sword of the gods Would ever attack, ‘That blessed Way 22. Thinking 1 aun in front of hisn 26, Pour your soul into daily practice (16) 25, Once you divinely master the techniques ‘To take charge of events in the spirit of oneness Is ve “Way of the Warsior’® Day by day for technigue Pour your heart into training ‘Through oneness ‘Command the miriad things ‘The Way of the Warrior NOTE: * The Way ofthe Warrior: *“Monoonfu ‘no Michi” terally ‘the Way ofthe Warrior or Fi ‘Man’, ‘The move familiar erm “Buslh” as in “Buskido” otually is a form of class oF caste, indicating the hereditary position asa member of a warrior family, ‘or the way of the Bushi caste in the feudal social structure, 27, Embody “Yang? in your right hand ‘Turn the left into ‘Yin? Then guide your foe ‘Wilh the right hand Embody the “Yang” ‘The left hand ‘You change into *in’ Now ead your foe 28, Why hopelessly fix your eyes on the sword he is swinging is grip will tell you where he is cutting ‘The swinging sword ‘To cateh with the eye, Will load to naught His grip Is where he is eutting 29, What use to learn this sword work or that! Cut off all thought of useless things ay‘This and shat ‘Sword work you may leam But for what? Just completely ‘Cut off thought fof useless things 30, With the ‘Sword of Initiative" held in the Heavens ‘Close in quickly ‘Swing it around and Cut [down] diagonally Wilh the “Sen no Fach? Positioned in the Heavens Close [in] quickly and Swinging tt around Cut diagonally i rset ssc nn 31, Standing in the mountain siveam 1 wonder ‘Why itis no one can speak As purely as ‘The water sounds against the stone Jn the mountain stream stand But like the sound of the torrent Speaking clear and ue ind 0 man - Enlightenment Like the hazy moon of evening Comes out and sets without a trace Enlightenment! Was it| hat man? Like the evening moon Rising and sewing No one knows at all 33. Master the voice that shomts “abe” See through to reality Remain unmoved by the enem; ploys: (18) To see reality ‘Tho voice of Yah!" Most be mastered "The ewemy’s year Must not affeet you 34, With Jo-Dam you mast judge ‘The enemy's state of msind So view his Yin spirit as Yang In Jo-Dan ‘The enemy's spirit ‘You must judge “Take the mind of “Za Ail se it as “Yo 35. With the foe’s mind at the center ‘You assume Chu-Dan “Then take care of his movement With a flick of the wrists In Chu-Dan ‘The foe's mind Into the center [You watch) his rhythm With the same erip 36. In your Ge-Dan You must see His Yang inind as if Yin And know the jabs of his sword ‘To be but Seigan In Ge-Dan ‘The mind of “Yo” Must be seen as “in” And the thrusting blade Known as Seigan 37. Realizing in your heart ‘That life and death looms before yon ‘You might wish w withdraw But the enemy will not let you Lie and death ‘Stand before our eyes Know this well! ‘Thougtr we would reneat, ‘The enemy will not allow it 38. When you instrnet Emphasize the strike and thrust For all the secret teachings Are (o be found in simple basies Wwtenehing, ‘The xhythim of strike and rust Listen well t0, “Training in sooret teachings Isin the “Omore"*[basies) NOTE: * Omote: Here refers tothe first leve} or Kilian of waning ie. the basies. In many classical traditions the erm is sed as the name of Ue first set ‘of Kata, Modem Aikido uses it (0 indieate movements, which are performed in “front” of the Atte, as contrasted with “Ura” techniques where one stands generally “behind” him, ! Kotoduma: literally “Speak-Spirit” ‘Translaced os the “soul of power of language”, itis asso eal with the inlrinsie power of certain sounds and other esoteric practices, 2 Aiki: as often in Sapanese this verm “recy” (ai) carves the iden of reaching an aceord between {0 sides. Here it may imply a thorough, mutwal ‘maderstanding 3 Kami: a diety, an exalted spirit, but wsualiy not the oninipotent God. ‘This term is both singutar And plural. Furthermore, the component sounds of Ko and Mi ose assaciated in Korodema theory with the characters Ka or “fire”: and Mi of “waler” (More commonly read Mizu). These two charaeters are in turn (wo of the Five Chinese-Japancse vosmologiea! cletnents, he others being, according to most theorists, Ki or “wood”, Do ot “earth”, Kin or “meat”. Each element was associated with the dualistic nature of Une universe as expressed by the theory of Yin and Yang (lapanese, In-Yo), Fire is Yo (Yang) and water is In (Yin). ‘Thus, the term Kani is seen as an cexpressiott ofthe unity of fn and Yo and is used to ‘mmply such nuances throughout this essay, as well as with its normal nuances. Conversly the terms “Fire and water” ean be read as a reference 10 the iden of Kami 4 Shugyo: waining, practice, ascetic practices, pursuit of knowledge. 5 Kokyu: breath, resgiation; knack, secre. dliseipl (19)ique S a 9 o B Se 3 o 9 < o QD DR isa} g a a Qi)STANDING TECHNIQUES 1, Shomen This term means s hhand {Yo your ite’! face]. Since in any teednique (o strike the enemy with the Tegatana [or the fist] the breathing of the Universe and Mas’s own breathing must be the same, the aiack should be made calling into the Tegatana both movement and the technique of unifying Yin and 1g with the right or left Yang. Iryou face an enemy who is coming to altackin this mannor and always block witha broad o: imposing frame of mind as if enveloping the enemy Inside your Kokora (sind, heat or spirit), you will be able ( fll the enemy's movement in advance. Then, attuning ‘yourself to this [premonition] you ear turh your body to the right or the left aceordingly. Of you embrace the enemy into you mind or spit (Kokoro), you will be able fo lead him in whatever direction the universe sight indieate [to you} For example, by showing the enerny an opening in your defense where he should srk, you can make him anak aecordingly and overeome bins by evading (o the vightor left. You can stand above the border botwoen life and death and command a view of every situation 50 that oven if you have received 99% of de ‘enemy's pressuze and entered into the realm of death you will sl be able to sexk out the way ho go}, cel ‘You must rain with ahese things i min. Inthe old days, when waining in military stateay ‘was held ona imited area of Ftemiit was eomparable to training the Koby which fights by grasping te spirit of the whole of Heaven and Earth, according to the way. In his ease, you have ken the proper distance (Kori) In Kendo, this th principle of Suigersut 22) (wae an nn" or solar plex hat 810,488 the dsianeor spacing as it wer postion of Watt, (such sat your weapons do at yet rss). In oter words, you face plasing a physical and spritua disance boween yourselves, When he enemy stacks with fue you defend with water. When you invite your nem 10 stike, wae should semound yw rom Sarto itish and you should move within bt watt “The same tings tid of deals. Only when there isa moat ean you cll ia fre] fort, Around the castle there is water to prevent a altack from the eneniy. AS forthe harnan body, when the enemy comes to sik you open up Yo] with water sta, you canto lly be suck, Inthe case of a [well Dail ease, ibe people who defend it do not have fidelity (Makoto), i wi a rogues. Bot in Japanese ttegy Budo rising aos acta people | transesng this fonn of castle into their hunan bodes and building, therein, ving fortes 4 | Byerything in the world Works in this way. If you Look at Japan, being surrounded by the sea, it forms ‘natural caste so a an army of devils cannot stack iL vory easily or recklessly, To defend this Jour nation), each person must build a castle inside himsetf and then = ‘consofidate all these exstes vopethes, ‘This isthe ti training of Bud, Te you look atthe whole world, we se that anol be esas bese ac ompased of wae Moreoveron a eg cle is enloed by ices The earth itself has its magniicent defenses, an Tikowis the uriverse has som, Bach son wil prices Ea ps tend te patel of Mot | Nature whieh is governed by the gods and should be aig oi an sen tote Seal oe _ find you can enter inno a spinal ste of Selflessnase’ (Muga-no-kyocki). All Budo ean build 8 beautiful nation of the spitit inside your body as you go from lone level of} Sasorl to anos ‘Speaking on a larger scale, we defend the whole nation ancl on a small seale we defend our own body. Uilimnacly iis the exercising aad perfecting of Yarnatodamashit, 1is the same as the eeremonial “Opening of the Great Stone Door” (Iwato-biraki-no- 0). Moreover, ifthe human ening one aes charge ‘of water and fire, in accord with the principle of “water-Kre, Yin-Yang", whon your enemy attacks swith wate, you stike with wuler, with fre them hit with fre. Today, its nppostat to train thinking all this in terms of modern scientific (chemical wasfare. 2, Yokomen “This term means striking the enemy's Yokomert (ie ofthe head) oF cutting hin diagonally downvvacd Som tho joining of the neck an! dhe shoulkler with he Tegatena (hand blade). ‘When sccing the enemy's movement invite in his KM and stop back slighily with your Lat feat Aissipaing his impetus (Ki). Then, without losing this chaoee and with the intention (Ki) of attacking him ‘with "Yio Vang orator ie)”, grab and pull is right (lef) wrist your let front. Bring your right hand ‘ont il, Jas welll, then take a big step in with your tft fot and while varing to the right darow him to your right front with the breath of “Yin-Yang”. This ‘echnique ean be applied ina wartime situation where the enemy's vanguard anv yours clash and thet main foree moves to your let side and atiacks your from aw ef side. You ean ent down diagonally from your Front to you left, just as with a sword, and a te same {ime advance with your erack unit (best effort] toward {He enemy who is ihreatening your tight ide, and then, Py attacking wheir main foree, destroy the force thal JMeatEns your sigh side. Under such sirateny, this (23) Yokamen movement is played out everyday on the mat In other words, Lis the strategy applied at the moment ‘you and your enemy meet and used during the march. The strategy whieh skillfully utilizes topographical ‘conditions and materials. So we have our strategy tin Jujutsu) divided int Jo-Dan, Chi-Dan and Ge-Dan and Ki-Den, but these should be banded down during Luaining, (so we will leave them for now}, [Speaking of] Ken-pa? (if we were 10 dwell on small points), [we may mention that} when the exemy _goes up (o Hasro® stepping back with his Fighl so. as 10 cor down, if you think well on the idea of the Principle of Suige/sw, you ean cut in straight 10 his, front so that he is unable ta use his sword, Moreover, in Keu-po, we also learn to pull back to the left in Hasso, that is to say, the way to eut down 10 the left, wwe study the Kenpo where we eut (othe Fight while stepping in with the left foot: and also cutting the ‘enemy Who is bettind us by wuming our body. ‘The lechnigues of Yokomen-Uchi were put together to learn these four Ken-po. 3. Kata [Shoulder] Grabbing the shoulder of a relaxing, off-duty soldier i easy, whereas trying to grab him after the Fight has started is most difficult. That is when you {onust bind he enemy as you grab his shoulder with ‘your eft or righthand. When the enemy grabs hold of your shoulder, you should parry his atempt to blind you with your ioft hand, ar when he pulls after he hss gotten hold of your shoulder, you should take advantage of his movement to stike his Mev with your right hand and {o puted his solar ples wit your left hand then throw thm down to is ight rear eomer Inthis Bujutsu, you sould be especially careful to completely unify your mind, body and strength, ‘Swrongth is unification of mind end body and in this way they must work logetber I the enemy was quick enough lo grab yourjinniahnieniercecsa shoulder with his left hand and pull you and ies 10 sirike your head, you should prompily sike bis Men with your fight fist, pany his right hand with your left fist, then grab bis tight wrist with both yous hands, and by quickly stepping forward with your lelt foot «and turning yout body throw the enemy. his reas. (Usually left is “Yang and right is “Yin”, but {in movement itis the other way around.) From ancient times the old saying was that Bujutsy was handed down from the gods to the Emperor, and from ihe Emperor (© the commanders, ‘There is a divine lesson in the truth that all Strength consists of movement and stillne: coagulation and loosening, dividing and combining, and when this is portrayed wholeheartedly in daily practive to train your body, you can then slari to speak of Bude, Wren the enemy comes lo grab your shoulder {you must move with the intention of eutting him from Hasso diagonally through his shoulder, or of euting, his leg, When esses cut your shaulder from Massa or from Dai-fadan, you should invite his sword with the spiit of dhat very shoulder which is his target and either move forward with your right foot to eut bim down, or step back with your left foo fo pall han dave. Jn the old days in Ken-po there was a taetie in ‘which you fet the enemy eut your skin while you cut his flesh; of Jetting him cut your Mlesh, you cut hmm through the bones. This was a fighting technique where you had to Stay calm even under his swiftly cutting sword and eut his Mesh just he moment he ‘cuts your skin, Today, however, we deplore even letting him eut our skin. Even letting someone cut our skin should not be done because i is, afterall, dangerous and damaging to the body. You should defeat your enemy without Jetting it come to that, That isto say, when you lead fhim with your mind you ean defeat him without hunting, your body. ‘Buco shouk! be practiced so that “leading” can bo the same as “defeating”, The technique of cutting (24) the enemy’s flesh while Jetting bim eut your skin is the teelnique of a master, andl js ot one (0 be used by alt the Japanese people. In wartime, itis dangerous 10 make small sacrifices even if it means annihilating the encmy. Real Bujutsu is 10 defeat your enemy “without losing even a single man, Defeat the enemy by securing a safe and undefeatable position, Make them submit without > sacrificing a single private of your own, This is a ‘most nevessary Fesobution fox your Mudo training, ‘Taking this one step further, you have to tain | enough to have no openings for your enemy 10 take advantage of. ‘So, al the instant dhe enemy grabs your shoulder, you strike his fave, move forward with your left foot, = ‘grab his tight hand and twist, chen pin him down to the front; but all ofthis action should be accomplished = by the workings of Kokoro. When the niind (Kokors) | is manifested in your body, things go along according 10 Kokoro. Here we ae training ov bodies but the fruit of i all isthe tzining of the mind oF spi Wokoro} When the enemy comes to grab your shoulder And pull, you act along, with this intent (Kokoro) and taking advantage of it, thrus! fot] your shoulder, All - this shows dha Bj isan expression of mind. AS. soon as the will (o pull the shoulder occurs in the. = enemy's heort or mind (Kokoro), itis necessary for > bissie to aeady be aware of tat intention Kokora) = “To reterte, wsing your mind (Kokoro) to ead your enemy 10 grab your shoulder sone [form of Buju aif you uiestand it, overeoming Wm casy. Bus onderstanding dhs only with your mind Kokoro) isnot enough. You have to undersan! realize this truth with you body. ‘Tha is what ci veal be called waning in Bigs ; In Buus Overe are shows ke 3, Yah, Tl of Hal, But these are not all eve nnust be as many tere re words that Japanese people can say = Lin Kiail iis important co project {he ve like a weapon, as Kosodama made up fro unification of voice, mind and rhythm (timing or impulse), in concert with the Kokyn of the Universe, and bring together all of these withthe physica! hody. ‘when you begin to unite the voice, boy and Kokoro, techniques will start to have effect, With the unification of body and soul (Tamashii), raining and his great power is all dhe moxe realizable, polish and becomes [ttue] Bujisu practice Working this way you! can understand how to draw his eut withthe swond, "The great vigor (or spitit) of Bujnasu in this world reaches over the practice site and covers the hearts (Kokoro) and bodies [of the trminees]; the more one trans, the more of this spits aseumnlaed and you ean become a great pillar or Brg ‘You mst devote your whole heart and soul to ‘using, [always] keeping in mind the principle wire, iwaecochuee wit the grace ofthe Kay all he Ki of Baujnasu andthe spits of Yagyu-Jubel, Tsokabara Botaon and the Jother} ancient experts and masters come together. ‘Yow mast unite with the universal Kokyr fand} practice everyday by making you bovly one with the “soul ofthe words’, which was given to us human beings. ‘Then in any situation, you lean] eut shouting “HIP weeive with “Yah” ani break off with “Tot”. Actually, only iPboth people have the same skill and pear hat Shi stepped into Uke's right front ‘with his fe leg before swinging his right foot around} 3. che: tips unt scachsis bore fin 62, Shi: Reocives with his righ haud and cone Jinving in the same movement wraps {Like's ‘ight hand) around |Uke’s own left arpa from abovel. then puiling Uke"s tefl sleeve with his left handy, Shi dravs his right foot out and ‘drops to his right knee which pulls [Uke] down,3) 54, ke: same as ahove, {grasping Shi's right shoulder and ssking Meo wit his right hand). ‘Shi: Steps to the left with his left foot and rozefving with his right hand, puts strength into his fingertips and stretches his right hand out from Uke’s neck. [Then] wrapping [his right hand] around |Ue's neck) with his palm faving to the outside, and grabbing and pulling the back of U's collar with his lft hand, Shi step in again to Ue’s rear on his right foot. (This final stepping action is not illustrated. | (Or receiving the attack with his righ, hut unable to step in with his right foot, Sh grabs Uke's left sleeve with his left and ‘nd pulls down behind his right le.)G5. ute: Using his ltt hand 0 prosp Shs sigh sleeve, tikes with his righthand [10 the face. ‘Shis Ponting strength into his Koshi (hins) steps pack on his right leg; then, using the Fight hand ‘which hay been grasped (ay the sloovef, sup- nesses the enomy’s attacking right hand and ‘with his lefthand grabs the enemy's right sleove and pulls 66. ce: Grasp his Ate'srigtt soove with is ef an Shi: Using bis right foot to advange in behind Uke” tefl), strikes the face with ‘his right elbow and grabs the enemy's Uright) hand with his left,67. cite: Auacks the same as befor, sly applies his sight (Note: Picture No. 2 shows the deep pulling [to the rear] with the lett foot.)Bz ke: Autacking inthe sare way 38 before, Uke now puils as well Shis I pulled, Sh must advance on his tight foot and strike to the enemys chest ‘with his right hand. Then raising wp bis right hand iuader Uke’s left armpit and grasping the back of te enemy's collar ‘with his Jeft hand, he punches the body (120) with she right hand and kicks up to Uke's solar plexis (Micaochi) with fight foot, and pashes. Lis also possible (0 draw the Jeft leg back (0 the rear (as im Piewre No. 2 and throw as in Picture No. 31) Note: Picture No, 1 shows only the initial Kamae, the first technique iS not illustrated.) 69. Ute: Suites as before ‘Shi: Moving his body oucward to the right ‘on his right foot and striking the enemy’s Face with his left hand, applies his right hand (o the attacking arm [Uke’s lett) then passes his head under it and pushes to the front grasping the elbow with his left hand,(this ease, i you enter boldly without pass ing under the attacking (Jet arm] and punch Lup W the groin oF the buck of the knoe, itis effective, [But] this means you must lower your head deeply.) i 7. tne: Takes hold withthe same grip as before [except with the other hand) and pulls. Shi: Moves out (othe enemy's rear with his right oot simultaneously |wic the stack], and while suiking Mon wit is righthand, steps again with his right fog and advances deeply ta the enemy's eauSes ess TI. ute: Makes tne same attack as above in 70 Shi: Frees [himselff by advancing on his feft fog, erie esemy’sanm and with bisight | ‘animpit (Waki) and with his » Koshi). Mhen he eps out | lofi, Unrusts to the to the front of the enemy on his righ feg, Note: Picture No. 3 [Distance] shoul Pepe i ] should be aver4 TS. uke: Same ss above7B. Ute; Suikes as above. | | | |Kata {Shoulders} 77. ute: tises both hands o grasp both of 6 his ites shoulders. ‘Shi: Punches the face with his left hand and advances with his right foot pointing to the outside [Zomoe Coot work]; hen thrusting the ‘upper hal of is body directly in between and up under the enemy's arms, Shi steps in to ‘Uke's rear with his left leg. Now, he attacks his encmy’s stomach or sides with is elbow. 1087B. ive: Grasps bon of Aite's shou ders and pulls. ‘shi, Immediately strikes the fave. Simol- taneously raising bed hands be inserts them from tie outside toward the center, over Uke's arms, and ducks his head down deoplys stepping Sorwerd berween the ‘enemy's logs on his right foot, he then grabs Uke’s tight log atd springs it up Tand over his back} 79. ute: Sameas tore. Shit Advancing quickly with his right foot be- hind Uke’s back and his left foot in front, Sh at the same time swings his right hand from the ouside over Uke's [extended] arms and pushes it across the front of his neck, then finishes by grasping Uke's Obi atthe front,80. ute: same as before Shi: Strikes Mem with is sight band and draws his let shoulder deeply outside [by] stepping bis left foot in to Cie’s fright rear sie. Buck- ing bis head down under [Uke’s right] arm, he then attacks at ihe chin from below] pushing it ack dnd steps in behinel with bis right footTe (Hands), Katate (One Hand) BI. ce: Grasps Sus right wrist in bis ff hand and aa ‘Shi: Puts strength into the place where he is being held and with great specd steps in behind Like with his let foot and atthe same time raises up his right rand (Wowards Uke’s Face], then again advanees, now on his right foot [Lo throw! 82. ute Same as above, Shi: Draws bis sight foot deeply back at the very instance is grabbed and strikes for Uke's ibs with his efi hand, [Shi may also grasp the ‘enemy's left sleeve with hig left ‘hat or site the neck with his left hand)i G4. ie: Makes the some atic “Slé: Tams his right hand around fiom the outside and sticks tto the enemy's ‘wrist from above, and drawing his left foot around deeply [Lo the rear] throws [with the same type of Aikinage as in No. $3]. 85. Lie: same as deter ic. Katedor Shomen Wohi Shi: Atteks the enemy's es and white doing 0 slips under his gripping fei am, grasps his ‘eft elbow in bis sight hand and throws, (tf, sfter ducking under Uke's arm, Shi takes stop “with his right foot and enters to Uke’s rear, he ‘ay altack the enemy's ribs wit his right el- how ed push him dowa lin Kaiten Noge fasb= fon)o GG. tree: Grosps aie’ ight wat with his le band. “Shi: Immediately upon being grabloes, advances fat an angle] of his ight fot thon steps behind Uke with bis left foot extending his wight hand. (IF URE should pull his lelt foot back {to keep bis balance] step (again) with you eft fost and (teow palling the enemy’s left sleeve or step out big with Your right Toot ro Uke's te) 87, te: Same asin No. 86. Shi, Advances ef oon nt oh ene, athe sn meshing his sight am cross the on of his neck. Then sepplng in behind Utes back wit the igh oo nd coming bis "ht nm yh his wm ean, 3 ean sh tim rely down o how aero hs eading tig lg hit ow} rea 113(sm aleeative it [begin] by ranging the BHD ‘with the left hand and stepping in behind the et cmiy with your sight foot an te up his neeke one gr yous tight armpit, [Uke's chin should Be up 1s in No. 46.) 8B. vie: Same as adore. ‘shi: rst strikes Men with bis loft hand, chen Cakes the enemy's let find with cat hand a8 ‘ave came time lls his let Foot around tothe rear, Thon controlling Uke’ lef elbow with is tight hand, Shino oes and pins [asin Boh inane}. 89. ike: Uses ne same awe but pulls. Shi: Surking Uke's face with his lel, Yoreefny Hhrasts out bis hel, right haa (to bis sight side] and raises it while his right foot steps in [tothe enemy's left side} and stands on (k's lft foot. ‘Then, pushing the Koshi (hip region) with his tight hand Shi forees Uke’s neck dawn (and throw).(2) FO. Ute: Holds site's (iv. Shs) right hand with is Tet Ske: Stepping across infront of the enemy with his tear (left) foot and raising his sight band up from the inside, thrusts i in behind Uke’s neck [over the let collar bone}. Now advancing his righ foot to Uke’s ear and bringing his left hand around the front of scl and graspr ing the back of his collar with the right band, Si ust advance doepiy with his left leg, [Picture No. 4] (Shi may, having thrust bis sight hand fover the "ght collar bone] in front of the neck, use his left hand (o grab the fromt of the Obi and then cut down with his right hand, (Pieture No, 3.) 7De che: Same as above. ‘Shi: Takes one step forward with his right leg, swings his lel foot azound behind [himself and ‘Uke, then throws the enemy lo the rear. [Only he Teisabaki is shown in Pioture No. 1 ane! 21 92. he: same asdbetore, ‘Shi: ‘Thrusts ou his held, ight hand diagonally (4 (€ke's} right front and taking hold of the enemy's left wrist with his ova lef, swings his 4 foot around to his rear. Then raising his right shoulder and pulling Uke's left hand {causing an ‘arm-6at"| Shi brings him down as his right log ‘edvanoes behind the enemy's hack(Or lafteremeting by the Tenkan movernent ‘of swinging the left leg around} Shi {ean} punch the body with his right hand, dip his head deeply down white his right foot ad- ‘vances to the enemy's rear and his Fefthand ‘extends out [and up] forcefully, then bring Uke over hs back [log] aud throw big Wo his own Teft) Kokyu, (Ryote (Both Hands)) FB. ike: Grasps bosh of his ives hands with both of his own, and puts out his right {oot [assuming a Migi-Hanmi posture). Sh: (1) If his stance is such that his leading foot is on the same side as Ue’s, in this case his left foo, i.e. Gyaka-Camae], Shi must put strength into his open hands and extend suffi- ciently while swinging his [tailing] sight foot around to his own reat, [This movement is not illustrated] (2) On the other band, should bis right foot bo forward, like Ue, lie. Ai-Gumael, Shi mast advance boldly with his left foot [across, in front of Uke] and then turn [to drow], 121Shiho Nage ‘When the feet are the same as in the previous ease ‘numbered Yone’ fie. Gyaku-Gamae}, {Shi} grasps the opponent’s right hand with his own right hand ‘and raises them over his head {a he turns, thus pro= acing Shiho Nage), In acase such as Number “iwo" [Ai-Gamae) advance taking the right hand in the right exacily as before fin case ‘one”) IA, vie: Grasps both of Aite's hands with both af bis own Shi: Advancing at an angle to bis awa teft on his left foot then stepping in behind Uke’s right side with his right foot, extends hs eft amd lout} uses up his own right hand diteetly in front of himself, actvqaces forward aact eats down across the enestys neck, Q PB. ve: Same vere. ‘Shi: Placing his right foot in front oF she enemy, ‘thrusts his righ hand up coward the far side of Uke" Beck with the feeling of pushing against it. ‘Then He enters (othe enemy's rear on his left Jog [and ‘extends his arms] palm facing pas Jin dhe pice) ‘at the upper lei [P, 124),(2) (us als possible to free your fete aad and fase Sto} grasp his ftt arm.) TNote: Picture ‘two! is drawn from the opposite side of Picture ‘one’ } 96. Ue: Somers before jie. Ryote Dor Shi; Stand’ the fngers OF both hands siaight up at the instant of the atack white drawing his fel foot hack and, continuing back with the feeling, cof pulling, [dvcks} his heed throwing Uke over it to the rear. BO acne sas,QO IT. wre: Servo ws above. Si xen bight nd outa an angle othe ‘enomy’s sight side while stepping inthe same d- section with his right Foot PB. ce: ses resume two-man exp Shit Begins advancing wit be sigh oor, moving Win to the enemy's vars hen, ising his fet hand i pushing fashion up the Sront of Uke's body and tuning it towaud his back on this side of hig neck, cuts across the from ofthe neck toward the for side of the peek and pins. Should Uke's ltt ‘hal Septcte from Shs gh, Sy should gra te back of tye vohar, 227o 9% ie: Same 08 above, Shi: Raising his right hand around the ouside, teases bier up anti, thea, takieg one step for ‘wand with his right foot applies Koshi Nage. 100. the: sane ss bears Shi: [Sets up] Kosh Nage, iis i tise og Uihis ime} by petingTOL. vie: Asi, ihe sire act. ‘Shi: Advances on bis sight Jog and stikes the {ace with his left and. Stepping again, this time swinging the let Foot back to the rer, [Si must lower his let hard sufficiently woile taising his right hand.JOZ. ike: same as befor si Stepping in co is Aves oft side wth is Fah fot huss his ght dt he e769 tet ara at an angle fro He tp F te PPO 1OB. cre: Appties tne same two-handed ale tack ‘Shi: Grasp the enemy’ ight wrist wiih is sight Jhand, and thrsts his lef and uc aan angle to his own right jtomt, disengaging it. Then grab- bing Uke's left hand from above, Shi steps i with his left foot simuttancous!y turning under Uke's soos tho:Oo el 104. ke: save as before, Shir Crosses his right hand over ono the enemy" Jefl from below, [thus] releasing his lof hand to srab and pull he back of Uke" eallas or to sine ply] punch to the face, [These two alternatives rz notilastrae | (Shiimay extend his ef hand seross the front of Uke’s body, swing his right arm dawn under Uke's legs and ihrow with Sui Nage by moving in behind Uke on bis leading, Jeftfeg [asin jlustrations “two andl “thete").)Mune (Chest; Collar, Neck) TOS. tric: Uses his tft hand to grasp and pall S's ella. his Strikes Uke’s face and takes hold of the ‘naa ats neck with is right hand then, drop- ping his Koshi slihaly, steps in deoply with his left oot in suet a way as to drow in Whe attacker's right hand against 9h’s own body) [Sh now! places his left andl onto the enemy's right elbow and pushes.JOG. te: Grasps he crest as before but tis ime pushes ‘Shi: While dropping back on his left leg and sviking the face with his right hand, takes the eneiny's right hang aad moving, his body in a stoopee-over fashion, grabs 107. cite: As above in 106, Shi: “Uses his left hand to strike the fnomy’s men and then to grasp his left hand, Drawing his tft foorbeck, Shi wraps his right atm around Uke" waist and ad ‘vances fin under is rem wih his ight foot. [Koshi Nage asin picture ‘two"]Q) (After the iitea Atom 0 the face, Sti may 4}s01 pull his left foot back, and take the enemy's lef hand ‘with his be while his right cakes hold of the [el show) joint; thew xearipping, wit the dol a tok ing the back of the coll, uses his right to push she hips {ftom the rear forward. When striking Afen the tight foot [shonld} come slighty to the righ). Not shown, 108, vie: as tors, x one-banded grip on the Fiont of the cota, bo his time withthe sight had) Shi: Inches bis left foot outward and twists his body Wo his right ouside while striking C0 the face with bis eading, ethan: tren stepping in with issih, scivances [his own] left front i.e. Uke’ ight sie] an euts dow fmly onthe left side of the enemy's neck. 109. vie: Grads sbetoretin 107} and strikes the Face with his righ hand Shi: Receives and cuts down the oncome ing strike with his left hand, and passes it to his right hand, Then taking the bond Folding his ches in his lft hand, steps for ‘ar! on the lef foot and passes under [both the tapped arms},MO. vie: same as oto Shi: Receiving [as before] with his lef, strikes the face [by bringing his right hand around from the outside) and continues with [the tight hand] ‘enlering fberween the enemy's arms} ‘rom abave (Whe's lett elbow] steps ion his right foot and ducks his head deeply {and throws) by pulling with his loft hand. (OF, insert the sight hand from above atthe moment of the attack and without blocking the ‘oncoming ste, dip the bead and throw to the rear)eI as TMD, ce: Acai, grasps and aacks as belore. ‘Shi; Swings his right hand wround Grom the outside and stretebas it di rectly across the front of the enemy's neck and advances on his right foot. it {trom} where iis up the inside.) MW. se: cans deeply fox Shs eotar oF chest wit his ght, Shi: Strikes the face with his right Ibefore Uke ‘can got hold] then takes the extended right han from vetow the wrist and ducks around under {vt ata Com the outside.WS. rie: totes tac enest wih tis tet and tacks wid sight Shi: Reeciving the strike with his right hand, cakes one step (outs? with fis feft Fes opening his body 0 this owa right; theo steps again with pis sight foot and cuts down onto the enemy's [left] shoulder.N14. tte: same above ‘Shi: Again receives with his right, then draw- {ng his right foot back, uses his left hand to grasp ‘and pull the enemy's left sleeve [from below). MS. vie: uses te same ats ‘Shi: Pulls buck on his cight foot as in the previous (ochnique and pun it w nique and punches the body with his le(t hand,Go Mune to Te (Chest and Hand) N18. vie: resold ot aite's iat hand with his left and with his right, grasps the chest. Shi: IF polied, should swing up his eight band in the ditection itis being pulled as if raising La sword] and advance om his left foot; then step in behind the enemy with his right foot and cut binn down. M7. ve: same os above. “Shi: While swinging his sight hand around trom the Susie and iaviting the enemy in, takes hold ofthe ait sleeve with his eft hand and steps cot on his eft. oot, Then entering witha step by the right foot, he Vrelerabs the fet sleve with his lft hand and plsMB. ute: Same as before, fie. lofthand on Shs | right west and right hand ahs ehest. N19, te: Again kes te vss and cage Ski: tenmediately upon being grasped on the right hand, thrusts it outward at an angle to his left front and sepsin he sane dition whine fot Then tegripping with hs left hand shi uses his right to grab the ene’ right sleeve [fom below) and stop or ward on eight eg ‘Shit Moves in behind his opponent with his igh aor tnd uses his lef hana to segrasp the enemy" left wre, {hus freeing the right hand, wich may then take hold of the bax ofthe calla white the teft hand proceeds dlreetly across and around the neck {from the front)7 Kubijime (Strangle Hold) 121. vite: Same sek, Kat ilastrations for 420. cee Takes wd of he ct wit | No. 121 eartinac under pittores and text No, the hands crossed over the other and chokes | 122) Jett sleeve with is {Shi: Applies Arco the enemy's fac. Ski. Grabs the enemy's : right hand and hen stepping back swficienty | ‘vith tight Foot, punches she body with his test hand, 122. ssi: (I) White ponching he tace wich bis righ, inserts it from above, and inches beck ‘on his lef foot; ten tuming around undemeath Jroyn the enemy's el sce extends both ars just a they ae, straight out, (2) (0 after passing under the arms, Shi may pM eight hand out and steike Bu [as in Pie- tue QD) (3) rrven again) having withdrawn the sight hand, he may use iC 10 tke hold of dhe Obi and pullitup.aa" 123, one: same asthe receding tech. niques Shi: Poshes up the enemy's hands with ong shoulder then performs Seoi Nage.124. ute: Same as befor. Shi: Inserts his hand from betow between enemy's stmns and onto the enemy’s lef sleeve, thon advances forward on his left foot while sing down Ate’ ead with his ght hand. {{Or,] drawing his left foot back while striking Ae face and then grabbing the enemy's ight sleeve with his left hand, Shi enters from Uke’s sight snd pins Uke’s neck with his right hand) [This technique does not appear in the illustra tions.] 125. ce: again tres 0 strange ‘Shi: Pating his right band in from below, exe cost sharply (straight oe fae) ten sep. Ping in with the sight foot to the enemys sigh ‘ide, brings his left hand up 1o suppress the bead, (Picture wo") (Other posibilies ae} {0 Bra the Oi withthe right hand white aa "ancing the left foot n behind the enemy, and Sse the Left Rand Yo push (back) the forehead; (6 ave the Hight hand fom above {downward} aud step in on the left foot.)Shi: Extends his right hanet boldly from below Towa heen’ ht shoulder, hon dow ‘war while the right leg moves in to Uke's left reat } 126, ie: sancti | i / 127. ie: seme as before, SW Pets ou his gt hat fiom bets fan ‘between Uke's arms) and slides it around hig eck from the If shoulder then advancing {dlsgonatlyj to the enemy's left rear and bringing his lft hand up behind the head, takes his own tind and locks th 1 enemy"s eck for the pin,b 128. ce: applies sve same choke. Shi: Takes hold of his own clothing with his right hand, just below de point held [by the enemy}, and uses his left hand (0 grab the owes ofthe ateacking arms front hefow and swings his lefl foot around to his rea, thus ‘opening his body tothe Ket, (Or taking hold ‘of his own collar with bot hands in such & ‘way as (0 open i( (Shi may also} enter from the left) 129, te: sane a sbove Shi: Thrusts out his right han te the anny’ HE side and advances his righ 201 10 the enemy’ right sie (moving) ox ‘ward his left rear, or conversely, may pull ins Fel foot back with good affect, (Apply fhe right hand over the enciny’s arms from above and extend both hands, then pal the Felt foot back and ent down.)130. vite: some as before, [bu from ln Hew. Shi: Sides his left Foot in behind the enemy and brings his left arm up and over both the attacking arms and takes hold, then uses his right arm to scoop (o Uke's right leg TBI. vee: Same ien-tusedt atack, ‘Shi: Bends down and stvikes the top of the enemy's leading foot (or, uses both hands to pin bis ight leg fas in No. 30})T32_ ce: Some tXubijine tack but fom Migi thon. ‘Shi: Drops his right hand in {between Uke's arms) from above and spins in a big turn to his ‘own left to wrap his left arm around the ‘enemy's neek, trapping it in is armpit 133. ite: same tac, Shi: Swings bis eft hand up ae athe sume instant brings his head around from ihe Snemy's left side and inserts it berweci hie ims. Then, stoping his tft leg in behind, ‘Shi extends his let arm end uses it 0 suite down and throw tothe fof ear fi. his ang the enemy's},Ushiro-Fri (Back of the Collar) 134. ute: Has the back of Ss cotta wih his vight hand Shi: Simultaneously steps straight back on bis right Jeg tnd swings up his right hand and attacks the enemy’ face with [the back of] the eft hand. Next, Shi draws his left oot deeply back, thus escaping the rear ofthe attacking vight arm, and grasping the ‘wrist in his right hand and pushing down on the el- bow with his lf, steps out again on his Tet foot and throws big in a forward direction.TBS. vite: Somes No. 134. Sbis Drops back slightly on bis right foot an extends his left arm palm up and, Keeping his own body straight, culs direedy down, 136. de: sams (tgi- Hanmi) ae cack. ‘Shi: TAgaia} inehes back on his right $004 jad vies] to strike Men with his left fist Uke: Blocks Shi's atacking left with bis own loft and grabs the wrist. Shi: Without breaking his left hand ‘ies, pulls his loft foot back erin’ dike ‘and cuts straight down his Fes [as in No. 134)187 vite: sotds te tear ofthe collar with is right hand, “shir Sikes to the Do ((runk) with his fe while uming to his own lft (by eral his He Fok pack, [10 his own rear). Then stopping in gay this inv om bi vight foot, Shi pustes the enemry’S chin with his sight band, 138. vite: cabs the roar of the collar with his ‘ight hand and uses ps lel to hola Aite’s left wrist, Shi: Palls his right foot back and so Faces half way (0 the right, then pulls his lef leg and sticks out behind the enemy’s back. Then, with his left arm coming, from Uke's front, Sid insetts his right between the ‘enemy's legs {from the rear) and scoops them up.