Harsh punishments

Capital punishment is at the centre of one of the most significant moral debates in modern
societies. Theorists and proponents of, both, utilitarian and retributive justice have historically
discussed whether it is morally acceptable for the state to execute people, and if so under what
circumstances. Although the death penalty has been abolished, either by law or practice, by more
than 140 countries, it is still used in a big part of the world. According to Amnesty international,
the number of countries implementing executions each year over the last couple of years is 22.

China has been consistently the country with the most executions and the USA is among the five
top executioners. Murder and drug-trafficking are the most common crimes punishable by death,
although in some countries adultery, witchcraft, or political activism can also incur capital
punishment. Lethal injections, hanging, shooting, and electrocutions are some of the most
common methods used for the death penalty.

Death penalty pros and cons

Pros

 One of the most common justifications for the death penalty in the Western world is that
it acts as a deterrent of capital crimes, as the fear of death and the horror of the
execution might prevent people from committing serious crimes.
 It is also considered to be the appropriate retribution and deserved punishment for really
horrific crimes. Criminals who commit capital crimes have reached a point where
rehabilitation is impossible and for some life in prison might increase criminal behaviour.
The death penalty, therefore, prevents crimes for recurring and protects society.
 Further moral arguments suggest that capital punishment provides closure for the
families of the victims and that punishment should fit the crime in order for justice to be
served.
 Finally, there are practical arguments put forward. The death penalty helps ease
overpopulation in prisons and it ensures that less tax payers' money is spent for the
maintenance of individuals that have acted against society in the most violent way.

Hukuman keras

Hukuman mati merupakan salah satu perdebatan moral paling penting dalam masyarakat
modern. Para teoretikus dan pendukung, baik, keadilan utilitarian dan retributif secara historis
mendiskusikan apakah dapat diterima secara moral oleh negara untuk mengeksekusi orang, dan
jika demikian dalam keadaan apa. Meskipun hukuman mati telah dihapuskan, baik oleh hukum
atau praktik, oleh lebih dari 140 negara, masih digunakan di sebagian besar dunia. Menurut
Amnesty International, jumlah negara yang melaksanakan eksekusi setiap tahun selama beberapa
tahun terakhir adalah 22.

Cina telah secara konsisten menjadi negara dengan sebagian besar eksekusi dan AS termasuk di
antara lima algojo teratas. Pembunuhan dan perdagangan narkoba adalah kejahatan yang paling
umum yang dapat dihukum mati, walaupun di beberapa negara, perzinahan, sihir, atau aktivisme
politik juga dapat menimbulkan hukuman mati. Suntikan mematikan, gantung, pemotretan, dan
sengatan listrik adalah beberapa metode yang paling umum digunakan untuk hukuman mati.
Proklamasi hukuman mati dan kontra

Kelebihan

    Salah satu pembenaran paling umum untuk hukuman mati di dunia Barat adalah bahwa
tindakan tersebut bertindak sebagai penghalang kejahatan modal, karena ketakutan akan
kematian dan kengerian eksekusi dapat mencegah orang melakukan kejahatan berat.
    Hal ini juga dianggap sebagai pembalasan yang tepat dan hukuman yang layak untuk
kejahatan yang mengerikan. Penjahat yang melakukan kejahatan berat telah mencapai titik di
mana rehabilitasi tidak mungkin dan untuk beberapa kehidupan di penjara dapat meningkatkan
perilaku kriminal. Hukuman mati, oleh karena itu, mencegah kejahatan untuk berulang dan
melindungi masyarakat.
    Argumen moral lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa hukuman mati memberikan penutupan bagi
keluarga korban dan hukuman tersebut harus sesuai dengan kejahatan agar keadilan dapat
dilayani.
    Akhirnya, ada argumen praktis yang diajukan. Hukuman mati membantu mempermudah
kelebihan populasi di penjara dan memastikan bahwa uang pembayar pajak kurang digunakan
untuk pemeliharaan individu yang telah bertindak melawan masyarakat dengan cara yang paling
kejam.
    Ini juga dapat digunakan sebagai alat negosiasi yang penting bagi polisi dan sistem peradilan,
karena di mana kemungkinan hukumannya adalah kematian, narapidana memiliki kemungkinan
kuat untuk mencoba mengurangi hukuman mereka, dan karena itu kemungkinan akan membantu
penyelidikan.

(pm)Capital punishment
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, see Capital punishment (disambiguation) and Letter case § Case styles.
"Death penalty", "Death sentence", "Execution", and "Place of Execution" redirect here. For
other uses, see Death penalty (disambiguation), Death sentence (disambiguation), Execution
(disambiguation), and Place of Execution (disambiguation).
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government sanctioned practice
whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime. The sentence that
someone be punished in such a manner is referred to as a death sentence, whereas the act of
carrying out the sentence is known as an execution. Crimes that are punishable by death are
known as capital crimes or capital offences, and they commonly include offences such as
murder, treason, espionage, war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. Etymologically,
the term capital (lit. "of the head", derived via the Latin capitalis from caput, "head") in this
context alluded to execution by beheading.[1]

Fifty-six countries retain capital punishment, 103 countries have completely abolished it de jure
for all crimes, six have abolished it for ordinary crimes (while maintaining it for special
circumstances such as war crimes), and 30 are abolitionist in practice.[2]

Capital punishment is a matter of active controversy in various countries and states, and
positions can vary within a single political ideology or cultural region. In the European Union,
Article 2 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union prohibits the use of capital
punishment.[3] Also, the Council of Europe, which has 47 member states, prohibits the use of the
death penalty by its members.

The United Nations General Assembly has adopted, in 2007, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014,[4] non-
binding resolutions calling for a global moratorium on executions, with a view to eventual
abolition.[5] Although most nations have abolished capital punishment, over 60% of the world's
population live in countries where executions take place, such as China, India, the United States
and Indonesia.[6][7][8][9][10]