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Abstract
Background: Appendicitis is a medical emergency and a common cause of emergency surgeries worldwide.
Its frequency is varied based on many factors, including age and sex. Histopathologic examination is a gold
standard for diagnosis, and complications like gangrene formation and perforation lead to high mortality
and morbidity in almost all age groups. This study was conducted to describe the distribution pattern of
appendicitis according to age, sex, and histopathologic type.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology Anatomy, Dr. Hasan
Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, from August–October 2013. Secondary data were obtained
from medical records of January 1st to December 31st, 2012. A total of 503 out of 516 cases were included
to be reviewed. Age, sex, and histopathologic type from medical records were then evaluated. Any specific
case and perforation were also noted.
Results: Data showed the highest prevalence of appendicitis occurred in the 10- 19 age group (28.4%) and
in the female group (52.3%). Acute appendicitis was more common than chronic appendicitis in both sexes
and all age groups. Perforation rate was high (41.4%), and was more prevalent in male (54.9%) and in the
0–9 age group (65.7%).
Conclusions: Appendicitis, both acute and chronic, is more distributed in the second decade, and is slightly
more prevalent in females. Acute cases are more common than chronic. Perforation rate is significant and
peaks in the first decade and in males. [AMJ.2017;4(1):36–41]
and histopathologic type of appendicitis female ratio 1:1. This study also showed 96
were noted. Medical record with incomplete (19.1%) of the pediatric population (aged 0
data was excluded. The obtained data were to 15 years) was with male predominance
then evaluated using a spreadsheet software (61.5%) and mean (SD) of 10.7 (3.6) years
program. (Table 1).
The patient’s age was divided into 7 groups, In this study, male were more distributed
with a 10 years range for each group while the in the 0-9 and in ≥50 years of age. Females
patient’s sex was divided into male and female. were predominated in the 10-49 years group
The histopathologic types were divided into (Figure 1). Mean age (SD) for male was 28.6
acute and chronic, based on conclusion of (17.3) and for female was 27.8 (13.2).
the histopathologic examination noted in the There were 495 cases (98.4%) of acute
records. Frequency of each group was then appendicitis in this study. Incidence of acute
calculated. Any perforation and specific cases appendicitis was higher than the chronic
were also noted. appendicitis in both sexes and all age groups
(Table 2). From 8 chronic cases, 3 were specific
Results for tuberculous appendicitis, consisting of 2
male and 2 patients from the 20 to 29 years
There were 516 medical records which fulfilled group.
the inclusion criterion. Among 516 cases, 13 According to age, acute appendicitis was
were excluded: 12 due to incompleteness of more prevalent in the 10 to 19 years group,
data (there were no age information in 5 cases, while chronic appendicitis was higher in the
no sex information in 7 cases) and 1 case was 20 to 29 years group. Both acute and chronic
considered inappropriate for the evaluation appendicitis were predominated by female.
(the age recorded was 5 month and too There was 100% rate of acute appendicitis in
extreme for the evaluation). A final 503 cases the pediatric population aged 0 to 15 years.
were included for the review. Among the acute appendicitis cases, 205
Furthermore, the age of the population perforated cases were noted (Table 2). This
was ranged from 1 to 81 years, with a mean complication was peaked in the 10 to 19 years
(SD) of 28.1 (15.3) years. The peak incidence age group and in male. There were also 59
of appendicitis occurred in the 10 to 19 years perforated cases observed in the pediatric
group, counting for 28.4% of all cases. There population aged 0 to 15 years in this study.
was 52.3% proportion of female, with male: Perforation rate was calculated by dividing