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    Анна Каплун
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    © All Rights Reserved
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    13 views169 pages

    Bukrinskaja Virusologija

    Uploaded by

    Анна Каплун

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 169
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Meanoncknit npaxosir X BUBORY, ITO BOSGyAHTeN HMeeT HeOOMIHYIO MpHpoZy: OH «buswrpyerca sepes Gaxrepnambxnie umbTpH M He cnocobeH PAcTH Wa MCKYCCTBERHEX nMraTembHBX cpenax. On nagnan Hopi THm Bos6ymHTens «uxbrpyIoumecs Gaxtepin>. Omurs 7. WH. Wnaxoncxoro » 1898 r. nosropyn rox- aanickuit yeni M. B. Beitepunx, mpuins, onuaxo, x mM- BORY, TO BOSGyAHTeM TaGAMHOH MO3AMKM — XMAKML 2HBO! xoxtarmit, 0, Hi. Msavopckuii c oTHM BuBOAOM He cora- curca, K oromy spemenn Gsum™ onyGauxonans paSorst ®, Meddrepa u TL. poma, noxasapumx, sro poaGyanrens aulypa Takxe mpoxoaut vepes GakrepHanbune GiIbIpM. 1. Hi. Meanoscknii, anamaupys ona jane, mpumien K Bue Bony, 470 arewrht siutypa raGauuoli Mo3aHKM mpHHU anbuo exoautt. B cope ¢ M. B. Befiepnitkont npap ox: sanca J. MW. Mnanoncxni Omura J. VM. Mnauo cxoro 6bLIM TOTOAKeHbI B OC~ nosy ero autcceprauin Will <épawTpyIO~ uti Bupyc, saTem onpenenenme oTGpocmm Mi ykopeHHica ep «aupye>. He H. Heanocxuit (1864—1920) TEPHO/\bI PASBUTHA BHPYCONOTHH Buterpisii mporpece B oGnactM BHpycOnOTHNIeCKHX SHAH, ocnonaniiutit 5 SHAWHTETBHOH Mepe Ha OCTIEKEHIAX cMEX- MHIX ecTeCTBCHHBIX HayK, OGYCTOBII BOSMOKHOCTS YrAyOreH- oro nosHanuia mpponst sxpycos. Kax Ha B OnHOM Apyroit Hayke, B BupYcororHi mipocaexmpaetcm Ghicrpax MW _NeTKAR CMeHa yposiiell nosHania — OT yponHst opranuama 10 cy6- Moxexy:ampHOTO. Tipwpenenmte nepnoybt pasaiTHa BHpYconOrHH OTpAXAIOT ‘re YpobHM, KOTOpe #AAGINC AOMMHMPYIOWINH B TeNerHe omsioro — aByx mecarnaenuii. ‘Yponenb oprannawa (30-40-e roxst XX wexa). Octos- Hol SxcnepuMeHTANbIOH MOReNHO aBnaoTeA sa6opaTopHe mammals sxuporunte (Gebe MBIUDK, KPMCH, KPOMNKH, XOMAKH HT. 2), ‘OcHOBHIM MOReNBHEM BMPYCOM — BHMPYC THA, B 40-¢ rogh & BHPYCOTOTHIO p KAKeCTBE OkcHepHMeHTaT- oli Moyes NPoHio BXORKT KYPHEME SMGPHOHM B CRASH C BX BHCOKOM "YRCTBHTENBHOCTSO K BHpYcaM rpunna, Oct nm mexoropsm xpyrun. Henomssosanme oroit moyemt craxo poaMoxHBIM Gnaronaps HccHeZOBAKNAM ABCTPANMHICKOTO Bi- pyconora x unayxorora ®. M. Bepuera, asropa noco6us no supyconorum xxerkn (50-e rom). B 1949 r. npoucxonr suawiterbHoe coOtitne 8 McTOpHM BHpyconorHn — oTxpsrTHe "RoaMOHOCTH KYMTMBMPOBATL KIETKM B_MCKYCCTBENTX yenosunx. B 1952 r. Hx. Sunepe, T. Yannep, ©. PooSuxc oaysuia HoGenescxyi mpemmo 3a paspa6orxy meTona xyb- aypst Knerox. Mcrionssopanme KYAbIYpHt KNETOK B BHPYCONO- Ti sHIIOCE MOUO PeBOMOUMOHHEM coGLITHeM, MOCAY- ZXMBUIUM OCHOROM AX BAIAELEHMA MHOTONHCHEMHEHX HOBIX BUpYCOB, HX MACHTHCbHKaIYEH, KAOHMPOBAKNA, MoyYERUA HX naannonelicrens ¢ KxerKoit, Hospuack posMomwocTs To7y- NOH KYMBTYPANDHAX BAKIIH, Dra BOSMOXHOCTE Gsi1a 10- Kasaua Wa NpHMepe BAKIWHDC NpOTHS MoAMOMMemHTa. B co- apyxectae c aMepuxancKiMm supycororamm Thx. ComKom 1 ‘A. CefiGuiom, conercxmmm supyconorawn M. 11. Yymaxossn, ‘AL A. Caopommmestim xp. Gsina paspaGorana Texwonorua ponaponctaa, anpoSuponania a sHempena B npaxrnxy yOnras a xunag RAKAMHDL MpOTMD TomMONMenHTa, B 1959 r, Guna mposezena MACCoRaA HMMYHHGAINK AeTCKOTO HACENeMNA B CCCP (oKor0 15 mxK.) xuDO MONMOMMEAMTHOH BaKKHOH, 7 B pesysbrare pesKo cHMswack saGoxteBaeMocTb NoAMOMHeNH TOM M MPaKTHueckH HcueamH MapamaTHveckne oper 3a60z6: sara, B 1963 r. 2a paspaGoTkKy M BHeapeHMe B npaxrHKy xxupoli nommomnemnrHon axnwin M, TT. Yymaxosy 1 ‘A. A. Caoponmuueny Giza mpucy-xnena JlenHHcKaR MpeMus. Tpyrun paxubne MpHAOXeHHEM TEXHMKM BUpALABAKNT BEPY- Con smock noysewne Tbk. Inepcom mA. A. CMoponitnie~ BEIM 2KuBOH KOpeROH BAKLIMHEL, MIKPOKOE MPHMEHEHNE KOTO poli o6ycioBH10 sHauTeAbHOe cHUKeHNe saGorepaeMOCTH Kopsio M sBAAeTCA OCHOBOH AI McKOpeHenuA ITO! MudheK- am. Ilnpoxo siegpanc B mpaKruxy M ApyrHe KyaBTypanb- mre BaKMNM — ouMehAMNTHas, AMIYpHAR, aNTMpaGuuecKaA Hr Moxexyaspueiii yposens (60-e rom). B supycoxorun MIMPOKO CTH HCTONBIOBAT MeTORM MOMeKYARPHOH GH010- rum, @ supycet Gnaropapa npocToit opraunsanm ux revoma craw pacnpocrpaienHomt MoxembI0 jim MoeKYAspHO! Gu0- norun. Hi ofHo OTKpHTHe MoseKyampHo Guonormn He O6- xomren Ges BuPYcHO! Moxem, BKOUAR reveTHYECKHi KOM, Bech MEXaHNGM BHYTPHKNeTOMMOK gKcMpeccHM TeoMa, pen- juxauyno JIHK, mponeccuur (cospenaie) uncbopmanounsrx PHK u 7. a. B cnow owepens mcnomsaonanie MoieKyAp- HBX MeTOAOB B BUPYCONOTHM MOSBORKTO YcTaHOBMT! pH uma cTpoenus (apxirexrypst) BMpYCHLIX. MHANBHAYYMOB BUpHOHOR (TepMHH, BBeREHHEH qpaHnyscKUM muKpoGHor0~ rom A. JIsposom), croco6s mpoHMKHoBeHH BUpycos xeeTKy i HX peNpORYKIHA. Cy6monexyasprbiti yposens (70-¢ rons). Crpemurerpioe Passitue MoeKYaxpHoR GHoAOrHH OTKpHIBAeT BOSMOAKHOCTH HayueHHA NepBHUHOH CTPYKTYPH MYKACMHOBEIX KUCTOT H Ger Kon. Tospaxiorca meroas cexnenuposauma J{HK, onpeneze- BMA AMMHOKMCAOTHBX MlOcaenoBaTenbHocTeH GexKa. Tlory- walor Hepsbe reeTHUecKHe Kaprat reHomos HK-conepxa- apycos. B 1970 r. 1. Banrumopom 1 omnospemenuo I, Temas mC. Muayranm Gina orpsrra oparuaa rpauicxpinrasa B cocrase PHK-conepxXall@x OHKOreHHLIX BHpYCcOB, (bepMeHT, nepenucusaiouyit PHK na HK. Cravosutea pearsmun ‘cures reua ¢ NOMOMISO 9Toro bepMeHTa Ha MATDHIC, BA nenenuoli ua nomcom MPHK. Toasaxerca sosmoxiocte mepenucats PHK » [HK ™ mpopect ee cexsexmponanie. B 1972 r. nosHmKaer HOB pasnen MomeKYnapHOl 610 aoruu — reniiax uixenepua. B arom roay nyOamKyercs co- eGueuue TI. Bepra » CIITA 0 cosqammm pexomOnnanrHoit (0000088 e eee sees sense nee eee eee eens eee eee eee seen monexysst HK, Koropoe nooxno wavaxo ope resoit wmxenepin Hosianiercs posMoxwocT® nOAyNeHHA GombIIOTO KOMMMecTBA HYKICHHORBIX KHCAOT H SeIKOB NYTEM BBeMeHHA pexomGnuaurimx [HK » cocras revoma mporapyor mpoc- Fux 9YKapvor. ONHIM 3 OCHOBHSX. MpaKTH¥ecKHX MpH.70- xenuil Honore MeToRA sBMAeTCH MOAYIEHNe AeMeDsIx perla~ Paros Geakon, MMeIOuBX sHaYeHMe B MERMUMTHE (¥MCYmIH, HuTepcbepon) iH censckom xoasiicree (iemeswe GenKonne xopma 1u1H cKoTa). ‘Drow nepHon XapaKrepHsyeTCH BAKEMIMH OTKPHTHAMIE B oGnact meamunucKoit aupyconorm, B choxyce uayueuna — ‘tp HanGonee Maccomux Goneatm, wanocamyex orpomsit ymep6 snoporsi0 mopeit M aponNoMy xosaiicrsy,— rpmnn, ax, renarut. Yeranomreusi npuumus peryaspHo NoBTopmoMuXcs NaH newui xpanna. [eranno waysenst BHpyCH paxa >KHBOTHEX (arm, Tpuaynon), yerauonnena crpyxrypa Hx Teoma Ht mneumudnuuponan rex, oTsercTseuustt 9a sTOKaecTBeHHYIO ‘mpancdopmaugno KieToK — omKorent. YcraHowtexo, To Mpl- wumoit renaruros An B smasiorca paste BHpycu: renarur ‘A susuiaer PHK-conepxauuit nmpyc, ornecenmsit x ce- Melicray muKopHapypycos, a renanar B — JJHK-comepxanutit Bupyc, orHeceHubil K cemelicray renannasupycos. B 1976 r. T. BramGepr, uccneya aurarem xpos y aGopurenos Ancrpannn, o6uapy xu TaK HaSMBaembii apcrpANMiicKHit axt~ ‘pares, KoTopstit OM MpMMsin 9a OnMH M3 aNTHTeHOD KpOBH Tloaxe Gui10 muismyesio, To 9TOT aNTMren siRaxeTcm aHTH- Teuom renarura B, Hocurenscrs0 Koroporo pacnpoctpaneHo Bo Bcex crpanax Mpa. 3a orxpurue axetpammticKoro atmu- rena P. BaauGepry 8 1976 r. Osuna npucyxxnena HoGenencxan pens. Tipyras HoGexescxas mpeuns » 1976 r. mpucymena ame~ puKauickomy yseiomy K. Taliaymexy, Koropuit yerayosm ‘BupYCHYO BTHOROTMO, ORHO! M3 _MeTENHBX HuextMli we aopexa — KYpY, HaGmonaIMelics B ONHOM HS TYSEMHBLX TZ1e- Men ua ocrpone Hosaa Taunes # coasannol ¢ preryabim O6paAOM — NoenaHMeM sapaxemioro MosTa YMEpHIMX pOA- craennmxos. Braroaapa ycumsm K. Paiiaymexa, nocermpme- roca a ocrpose Hosas Townes, ora npanwusia Guna ¥cKo- event u unes10 Gomusix pesKo COKpaTILIOCb, HAYSHBIE BUPYCONOTHIECKHE ‘YIPEXMEHMA B CCCP Tlepsue supyconormeckne s1a6opatopan 8 CCCP cosmaitst 1 30-e rogst: 8 1930 r.— maGoparopia no uay"eHno BApYCOB pacrenuit » YkpaWHCKOM MHcTuTyTe salluTH pacrenti, B 1935 r.—oraen supycos » Mucruryre muxpo6uonorm AH CCCP, a p 1938 r. on Gut peopranusonan Borgen Bupycos pacrenitit, KOTOPMM B TeYeHHE MHOFHX JeT PYKO- pomwr B. JI. Puxxos, B 1935 r. opranwsonana Leurpans- naa supyconoruueckas xaGoparopra Hapxomanpasa PCOCP 8 Mockse, xoropoH sapenonan JI A. SwisGep, ap 1938 r. gra aaGoparopHa peopranusopana B oTzen BMpycos Bcecows- Horo HHCTHTYTA OKCTepHMeHTANbHOM MeAHUMHK, €T0 PYKo- pounerem Guin wasuaien A, A. Céoponmiuer. B 1946 r. xa Gase oraeaa supycon cosqan Vincruryt BupyconorHnt ‘AMH CCCP, Koropomy B 1950 r. mpxcnoexo ums [1. H. Hina- opcKoro. B revenue 50-x m 60-x Toop cosnaHst nayannie H Mpo- ispojcrsenne BMpyconorMeckHe yupexnenma B Hamel expave: Vuieraryr nommomserera BHpycHBX OHme

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