2 HOME» BACK 2 CHZ 2 CHS CHa CHS 2 __CH6 2 _CHS . ——__>>- a Structural Design of piles + CHAPTER 2 eons Structural Design of piles iy jf pill gLtIY ppc =+ CHAPTER 4 = CHAPTER 5 ean Loan + CHAPTER 6 oe + CHAPTERT —— = cuaprers Smit >*cnaprens a = ouapten 10 mae Definitions & Preferred Terms ial Aaihall Lan) Goa AgGUll cilalgayl Glaly aad GS LuLSs) Gj) pS Seb nai ny & Btn Gh Gully ccnp «LAM Qt Jaya #LBI Gy RAN iy Ge Bal gill algal IS y sal Hil 4598 In addition to the ability of soil or rock to carry the load transferred from a pile, the load capacity of the pile also is important. The load capacity of a pile is governed by its structural strength and, to a lesser extent, by the surrounding environmental conditions. The structural strength is a function of the allowable stress levels that apply to the particular pile material and the cross-sectional area of the pile. To provide a factor of safety against failure, allowable stress levels normally are specified as a percentage of the peak strength value of the pile material (for example,steel, concrete, or timber). Allowable stress levels for piles vary significantly because of different building codes in different jurisdictions. Another factor to be considered was that competition between materials producers was keen and significantly affected by changes in the allowable stress codes. Structural nature of pile Structurally, axially loaded piles are slender columns with lateral support from the surrounding soil, If unsupported, these columns will fail due to buckling instability and not due to crushing of the material, Piles normally have ratios of length (L) to diameter (D) of 25 to 100. At a particular load the frames becomes unstable and this load is often termed as Euler’s critical load (Per) and is predicted using equation (5.1): 2 E,I = Gd sed gill bn 5-1 Lina Jib aba cag el 5 sua hb pj gl lata gh Liga A lal 9 nas A QploiLAS 25 Ge Ly bial ye biaall 4 yll sal clas dam ph 5 p86 Chal Jae 5 yA Sle Ay eA gles pe phy ae JG 51 clas Lea ual G gle ines J ie pall Iba wea Esa ll Sag papal NS Je Seal ya as jaly (Subgrade Reaction Theory) ei (Poulos & Davis, 1980) RAMI Atel Ge L? all he 9s (1) SS ob ginal play y Ed, =m 4 6.2) K,d sfcl) Va Cts (1) JS ad piniall Go Le /L Real Bae oy L/L? Rail rey G3 B38 Io Le Gy Gaye SIRS d Aes BVI LN ebay dee KK GHA gl II ype pie SI SODA Mie a 9 4 BY GALT Lad 9 Sale Lg a pe lla Gy xf pel) yal ai K,d=(5-70)C, (5.3) Dall Canam all ga Lyd Gall! ab ay alas 5 Ulla i Li cussUs S815 Ver Laeall gle J puaail (2) JE yi (Davison, 1963) 0 sasle inte plas (Sa n.Z cl slau Gy all elas! K, = 4 (5.4) L,=«T ie (3.5) Stal lay LIT sae (2) JSG gh ginal HNN sgl ole Zmax emul J sll gf tel eal Daal dle J puoall (5, ] Alslaally hs eL+5 Upland; Rinne Sy jemall Cilia gall Anal yp Abcaiadl Sle lh Aula! ll nh lalaall Ala pl Gineill ol} 2-5 Uysal ed nh af lip sadly be NA all pat gf Bedhy ) ssa Label mb (1b (% pmol cin yall Gila) dpb 4 lb +00 gOS RL (elects lS) 3700 1600 600 Colcise 5)Ayal g AS Sahaall yj) gl lags $012. Jos 23 Gsasl aliavisson|& Robagson, 1965) DS tiled Ge AN cla ee cr DP einiy Embed piles) Ae ish yal Sa ERSTE 1S Jo ial al gis asa aren 23500 ig 13808" 430d 38) Le=2(Ls + Ly) (7) Ay sly ayn gall Gy JAN Gg zl yal J sll yl gS Sell Gy 80 Sol Ly ee a ons) Aysall G9 lose Bape pall Soleil <(r=P) Jo Gael gle Jpueall (4) JS i inal) tay ocjeall ox gH) LAN Cad 2 lee LS le Gi SR Geaall dasha Rts Wall Ye Ls Ge 6B SRB Rey aoe (5.8) 6.9) L,=8, R (5.10)co Spaall (5) USE gd ginal psig (5.4) BDA Lia GLY! Ud oy alee ya Ue i Ll IT Jaleall dye pleas ST ele! Sein Cea TN gj POH ees « (ST hes os Lede Ga: gehen Se STISR Gulden Bde ghee] SA peal Cinal yall gf Ua lly poral Gay sm Gis" 8 sll cle 1.8 Ld Ge alll ola Raila Slant) Aa shied jujl yh Ce UbE suena 5.2 oh cles GA SSI Gel yg ye ape ie Fpl Lela Sua GDA CaSY ales he J pues alld y 5 LA Ga jall glad $a) G9 JAN EU pana oe Lb 4: pancall Bist ge ued iy slie YI AS pall aS Geet gt (i) Com (Leff) Mel ae a 95h 3-2 Jen ) 455 ou Gay can 1-5 paall gi aly gh Le cee aes LAU Stall cL! Usb AL f= je (5.13) . tee VA, Gs jl ahi tale ge YA GaN gS lay) Sales A (3-5) Jt ~ bh Lei Faken [37 che [52 othe = 1.00 = 1.00) 1.000 10 0.98 = 0.95 0.940 20 0.95 = 0.89) 0.875) 30 0.93 = 0.84 0.815) 40 0.89 ~ 0.78 0.75050, 0.82 1.00 0.73 0.685, 60 0.72) 0.88 0.68) 0.625) 70 0.61 0.76 0.62 0.565) 80 0.50) 0.67 0.57 0.500 90 0.41 0.59 0.51 0.435) 100 0.34 0.52 0.46 0.375 110 0.28 = 0.41 0.325 120 0.24 - 0.36 0.280 130 0.21 - 0.32 0.245 |gAll GLaY! ales Aad (3-5) Jyte Dead J ghall Qech [Suse S Lead pi iy 5) 98) CLA SY Aas 7 peccall Jacl Gast alee shi aes I ag pill 4S all radius of gyration ae GaGa ha 1.00 - 10 0.98 - 20 0.95 = 30 0.93 40 0.89 50 0.82 60 0.72 70 0.61 80 0.50 90 0.41 100 0.34 0.46 110 0.28 - 0.41 120 0.24 - 0.36 130 0.21 = 0.32 AIS fd LE ag aS fy Dalal by ada LEI Bala Ab penal ag len oy og AMS Malia 61 550 Lge ¢ peel (fiw) SE Cilalgn| CDs Ly pall Cina! pall Coe by f= Afe (5.14) RB) 5G Bel a ee 4e5 Ute gph 9 Siall JARI og By AI Qala GH Gg YI Grandi YI Gay 3-5 Jase ce bh Seles gi Les ps ail ia FapSSN Gy jl yA che aid N lagen! (4-5) phy dyseclas! 52h te ped Sah aki tlgg ft! Ja street se) a5 Yas 40 3-5 SH sear al 54 tau fama pl cay pl tal cast ig) (5-5) Aaa ll steal) Riles pj} 5S) Alla ob Danas 250 Ge diy Y Lay 28 sey gull aS) G29) olga 1 hs! Al Dolan 225 ! Ainwal tata) U5 ae Al? 3 1 a ae a ee NT TE tal 2 el SVQ 3'3./o05 350 Gey nell MM shal sLtiall 48H geal pj sl etl ag aba ne ge SOQ a5 50 ce Jat as ap Whghenall dL Gj) GS 3 ou ole Lays 28 dey shell iaSall alg} Lency Spacill age Ginny ad pall pf puncnall jy ji yall la G4 6-5 ssa Vile Gla Jala AGA) age Glad Aasdineall GLA) Colaba 2(6-5) dg ibe iTetll te Ul apa Ou! dale alt PAV I Msleall yo Ss JAN USS pane iy 3.50 Wikg.y agdece jad ge USI Guna! oe gy Sapte ut seallye USL ull 5.50 fad Una gy olall law Cin Guuall cue 4.50 i Haag Cal (5.14 tldaedy 55180 gi BEE od od ty GSA Gas pane oRaleuall Alas Al hp jl ySll Ma ha) Bale Ge BSI Ga Gy LAM aula Mla Gay SY Ababa! OoPrie = fa Ap 1(5.16) Ashes! geet Rabaul Als SN) Gj) sSll a Gay Pow =fy A, +fy Ay +t fy A, 65.16) Ai SIG C saaall peal 4d Lye piSiuall an c penall anal ge A fay Alaa All Ghia Zalan ga A pall ghindalu ga Ay (Ap) B38) gba Malice Ly sii os sled (Ac) Hu Sl dale Sly Price = f,,A,+ fy A, ) Males genet $,17:( (AS/Ap) Uni dale gle sal Sale shay JAN GSB Guha as a aa yl ip J pV pe ae gS Lia My and GB Vy Seta gh ag ball Lal a MN Gd YY Gy A gL al 9 gh pb Ret Ge cecal gb Apaill ode 38) 0545.70.60 Ge Uall ode Ga cla! Pre = Ay (fu + fu HY (18) ra Bole sige) ola Lath oliail fat Cilalga) sya Mle G4 Gy LAI clay 2 Ail og Bases JI ea 5S pe Nap Rigen yf 5 51 SII Si Sy peal) Lea all ga US GV) chee 58 Quid All slated Whe Ge Agen) Aaa Ge Ay gall gala Aaah JES YY le LEL2H} usally CYA oa dy I P16 cone hh 3pms BL) pl camel ML ay jl pall Ue Gt %0.25 Ye GUS pare Je Y 4 ny phall lgs aie (43) pill Mal E05 alas ioe (4 55 15M pam Ge %0.60 col} SLISI! Co Mikawall ap 58 YI le (6-5 USE pail) hill Jel SDE Sale Ailes Gi Lea pat GUL oye dal! Bl Legal ae 20 I SSN) 8 Gai le CALS) Sis Vy ea es shape (Cover) quledl ayant giles jl) eUaill 5 ance dad ee MgO LIN) py je Lgl Gy JAI GUaE pened Gans octal! dh G5 SII Alle GS G5 a W See Ait) CALA Gs pall pull Ga 7-5 Uysal (7-5 SS sl) Gh Ha Gey A Geil All yl Aingh Landl of KS Daal) ny GI UR a L Gl G8 Spt Rag Ly Hap al 48 yall LS sb ge Gy SM Uy Geek aay le WL/40cial lg api iy jel) Cela asad Sd ANY fhe 4000 cpl} Seed Ale He puey Gy RSM SMS ype data Me go 5G Gall Se jl 95 & gsgaal) Ge) pl Aa Le $000 ol) Jeet of Sey Antal G8. A OLS Me lls) Ja) AL GL ASV) La fe GS Leste: Gul lth Gy Gh Seay! GS Cas (18-5) ISA GRAM Gy I) Jaa Latte a Sp yaS | Saal da ye GI Bey (ine Lb Us i Gall a ae Aika GS en AS goal gy 5 jp enn Bal all all Clg! iy lil J Sie) 5 yaS GI RYN Aa lie gy SS Lea: Gall ell 55 1S A lable! G25. Ose (8-5) SSE Si Laste kaca A yaS Cat | oS adc Xp ya gf LaDy Cgdeall gb Gl ELLA! Gl J pe l oe pba Gals 13) Li (Bounce) jie Gaal! gle 55 Sat jall Aa yal glial Gj GUL ABTS uly Se 5 yy ab alga! gs AU De Aa gh GA Mlle iy Gall Gllgal Lahde gd selee Dale 5ST a ge pall gala gf GLY) Guin dy 1598 poe G+ %0,60 Ge SUSI pa Ji Yi GosFi uae gle esis 5S Gul Ale iy 6Ss 51811 h5 42 0,15 sabe (Eccentricity) 55 + pe SS clint p je Jen G5) 5) Sheth glel san fol pith Cain) 525 5 pte Cra le le eS Aus Giles pladioly Ubi Lamy Gay Gull! Op pt wie bail) GBM tose SLAY aie lileall gue g Le Sale AS Glaaly Rrganaill pill Ge SLY! py Je- cpl a A eins py Jo 55 AMSA) Gu (9-5) Jy (3-5 pal Vi Gans pally 5 SAU S15 all Jay 95 ad aaa gw Sh Glue a5) All Gal gta aie tale fal 5 Sey nal LG GLA Ge Gh SII Da Gay add GJM Gel ge Aha ll Sela. Ji ‘i Soot we 3 ols iy 9 AD see ey ee bead Siok ke cde, Aged aie Ses see eam ints coe ) Lobes Se Als Jointed precast concrete piles) KS2s (Stes 3.9 uae cee (10- CLALIT yg Al gb Ln pee Na le Cog clay gh gh Laine Sy jl ll el jal Underpinning? s> pre Ghaval 55 80) Sele cs ht sf Ge pS he gl eles OS ol eles ( ne dl Milaie i agi)