Wi iN FOR BACHILLERATO fy INCLUDES: * Unit-by-unit practice material with extra reading practice * Vocabulary Builder * Exam Practice section * Appendices ~ Student learning record + Word lists: - irregular verbs ~ phrasal verbs ~ prepositions = Transiation exercises ee WORKBOOK Alan Williams | Margaret Baines 2 3 Burlington Books erUNIT 1 UNIT 2 UNIT 3 unit 4 un 8 UNIT 6 Grammar Revision A Way with Words Advert Alert Face the Music Think Green Nine to Five On the Road i ‘Vocabulary Builder | Exam Practice Appendices _ Student Learning Record Irregular Verbs Phrasal Verbs Prepositions Translation Exercises page 4 page 8 page 16 page 24 page 32 page 40 page 48 page 57 page 71 page 79 page 80 page 82 page 84 page 85 page 86’ Grammar Revision Present Tenses Choose the correct answer. ‘often do you go / are you going to the gym? y parents are watching / watch the news at the moment. 5 This cae tastes / is tasting delicious. 4 Lam not knowing / don’t know Don's phone number. 2M 5 Heave /am leaving now. © When do you buy / are you buying your new bike? ‘Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the Presont Simple or Present Continuous. wotwsear + play + like + smell + not visite read I dogs more than cats. 2 They us every summer. 3 you smoke? 4 Bequiet!! SI my new jeans for the party. é Manchester United next weekend? | Complete the mini-dialogues with the verbs in brackets. ‘Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous. LA: Why? you (go) shopping today? B: Because? (need) anew bathing suit. 2A It (make) a birthday cake for Dave.? you (know) his favourite flavour? B 13 (think) he* (like) chocolate the best. 3A: What? you (do) this morning? BI? (dean) my room. But I E (not do) anything after that. + you (want) to meet for coffee? 4 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the 5 Write sentences with the words below. Use the Past Simple © Complete the e-mail withthe correct form of the verbs in | Leertainly | got to school. 18 Past Tenses Past Simple or Past Continuous. 1. We eave) while the lecturer still (answer) questions. 2 the player (break) his leg when he all? 3. We (aot go out) last night because it (rain). 4t (not wear) a jacket, so (feel) quite cold. 5. Ashe (try) to open the door, the key suddenly break). 6. What you @o) in the shopping centre at 10 o'dock this morning? or Past Continuous. « « ‘ ‘ ( C t r r r ¢ r f ‘ ‘ ‘ ; r ; ; ' 1. what time / you / go to sleep / last night /? { ‘ 2. Mike and I/ argue / when / Jason / arrive /. 3. at nine o'dlock last night /1/ play / basketball /. 4, Tim / make / salad / while /1/ cook/the fish /. 5. 1/ nun /s0/T/not stop /to talk/ to / them /. brackets. Use the Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple or Past Continuous. HiJane, | hope you (have) a good day. 'm | not! First (wake up) very late, Then,| burnt my mouth because |S (rush) and drinking my tea when itwas still toohot Later! é (fall) while |* {get on) the bus.|® (not get) hurt, but (feel) embarrassed. Once! (find out) had failed the biology test. ‘Atthe moment)|® (sit) outside, trying to | think of ways to make myself feel better." | (want) to see a film with me tonight?Perfect Simple Tenses Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Simple. Do not change the original meaning of the sentences. 1. The film started a minute ago. (just) 2. When did she begin working here? (how long) Robert played a computer game, Then he did his homework. (after) 4 Istopped eating meat when I was 17. (since) Last night, I saw a Shakespeare play for the first time. (before) ‘The teacher was angry because | didn’t have my homework, (forgotten) ‘They got here at 1.00 and they are still here. (been) First they finished the job, and then they left. (until) Complete the mini-dialogues with the verbs below. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple, see + not finish ebuy + taste * leave « receive 1. A: Doyoulike traditional Swedish food? B: Idon'tknow. 1 never it, 2. Ar Are you going to watch the documentary with me? B: No.1 it last week. 3. A: Why are you smiling? B: Because just a sweet message from David. +. A: Isyour homework completed? B: No.I ityet. 5. A: Have you lived in this house all your life? B: No, only since Iwas 10 years old. We itin 2002. 6. A: How long have they been gone? B: They about two hours ago. Grammar Revision 9 Complete the passage with the verbs in brackets, Use the Present Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Simple or Past Simple, Chewing Gum Art About five years ago, Ben Wilson, an artist in London, » (begin) to do something that probably no one? ever (do) before: paint pictures on used chewing gum. Since then, he® (paint) thousands of images, {including landscapes and portraits, on gum on the ground, walls and benches. People like Wilson's work so much that he ‘ (receive) many requests for special gum paintings, Aman, for example, once 5 (@sk) him to paint a marriage proposal outside his girlfriend's favourite shop. It & (contain) the words Will you marry me? Before he started doing the ‘gum paintings, Wilson 2 (build) large wooden sculptures in Finland, Australia and the US, and® (teach) art at an American university. Future Tenses 10 complete the sentences with the corract form of the verbs below. Use the Future Simple or be gaing to. : help + not win « attract not go end » study + break 1. ‘The ceremony at 10 pm. 2. Wait a minute, andI you with the crossword puzzle. 3, Stop that! It ! 4, your sister fashion design at college? 5. They the talent contest. They aren't good enough. 6. Tm disappointed because we on holiday this winter. 7. Do they think the new theme park more tourists to the area?v seee= = sentence that logicelly follows each sentence below. Geethe words in brackets. Use the affirmative or negative Seem of the Future Simple or be going to. E Saiyisvery reliable. ‘(Gee / forget / to return / your book) 2 Move away! (Gist big box / fall) Tee's nothingto cat. cook / dinner / this evening) 4 He took beautiful photos of Mt Everest. (magazine / publish / them / next month) 5 Unfortunately, [have to work on Saturday. 1) go / camping / with you) ‘6 Tee crhibition is fantastic, (& /be/a/ great / success) Future Perfect Simple and Future Continuous D complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the ature Perfect Simple or Future Continuous. ie researchers (Giscover) a cure for cancer by the end of the decade? 2. See youat 5.00.1 (wait) for you. 3.We (not complete) the project by Friday. We'll probably finish it on Monday. 4. Levsmeet at 9.00.1 (nish) smiy work by then. 5, Please don't cal at 8.00. We (have) dinner then. 6 the bicycle racers (ide) through town at this time tomorrow? 13 14 Complete the mini-dialogues with the wards in brackets. Use the Future Perfect Simple or Future Continuous. 1. Az Can [meet you at your hotel when you're in Paris? B: Yes, (1/ stay / at the Hotel Vernet) 2. A: Wow! You managed to get two tickets for the concert! B: Yes, but unfortunately, (we / not sit / next to each other) (you/ finish / football practice /by then) 4, A: Can [call you tomorrow morning? B: No, ‘but you can call after 1.00. ((/attend / meetings / all morning) 5, A: Iwant you tobe home from the dub by midnight tonight. B: But Mum, (oni’s band / not play /by then) Complete the sentances withthe verbs in brackets, Use ‘the Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfact Simple of be going to. 1, Pmnot taking an umbrella. I don't think it (cain). 2. By the end of the month, 60 families (move) into the new building across the street. 3, Mum, can we get a dog? (take care) of it. 4 your phone (Gish) charging by the time you have to leave? 5, Be carefull You (pill) the juice! 6. At this time next year, I (tudy) at Princeton University. 7. she (teach) ‘maths in secondary school next year? 8 Jake and1 (dean) ournew flat all morning tomorrow.Putting It Together ‘TS Complete the sentences with the words and expressions Below. sarely «atthe moment’ before » yesterday * while » ever this evening « next year by noon « at this time next year ‘Why did you keep interrupting me © Nc talking? 2 Will you have spoken to your teacher 2 2. The computerisn’t working 180 Ican't find the information you want. al have breakfast. Most mornings, Tjusthave coffee. S. Itwill probably snow ceive very carefully 6. How many T-shirts did you buy 2 +80 be sure to 7. She's going to go on a month-long hike in Nepal 8. Have you been scuba-diving? 9. What do you think you will be doing ? 20. Thad done allot of research I started writing my project. TG Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning of the sentences. 1. This has a strange taste. (tastes) py . Jeff doesn’t know how to play the guitar. (never) 3. [listened to the radio during the drive home. (as) 6 ‘She ran her first marathon last year. (before) . Thope you walk the dog before I get home. (by the time) . Iplan to study in London next year. (going) Grammar Revision 17 Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. There may be more than one possible answer. 2th October, 2011 Lost and Found Every year, thousands of dogs and cats (fly) all over the world without any problems. Karen Pascoe certainly > (not expect) her cat’s experience to be any different when she checked him in for their flight from New York to San Francisco on 25th August 2011. However, it 3 (not work out) that way. Somehow, before airline workers put him on the flight, Jack + (manage) to escape from his special travel box. Pascoe 5 (prepare) to get on the plane when her mobile phone rang with the bad news. During the following weeks, airport and airline staff left food and water out for Fack and worked with animal rescue experts to try to find him, After newspapers (publish) Jack's story, people became interested. Thousands followed the story on Facebook and Twitter to find out how the search (progress). Updates on the story appeared in the news media under headlines like “Where . Jack the Cat (sleep) Tonight?” With each passing week, Pascoe became more wortied. Then, on 25th October, just as she ° (lose) hope, she got good news from the airline: “We e just (find) Jack!” It’s a pity that cats can’t talk. Nobody f ever (know) exactly how Jack survived for two months at the airport.UNIT 1 7 A Way with Words VOCABULARY ‘isestidei?= Beak eae Words from the Text 1 complete the sentences next to the pictures with the correct form of the words below. notice » advertise + provide + good-natured « sign graduate + degree They should better directions here. These are very confusing. Putting upa hereis a good way to your service, This is my daughter. She from university last month with a in architecture. She's also sucha nice, 2. Match A to B to form sentences. A 1. Not every disease 2. The way she reacted 3. The new clothes shop 4, The course is worthwhile even though it B a. has gota “buyer's dub" customers can join, . doesn’t include much speaking practice. «, canbe cured. . raises questions about her ability to do the job. Suffixes 3 Complete the sentences by adding suffixes tothe words = brackets to form nouns or adjectives. 1. Hes written articles about language. Bat this oneis especially «It’s about words we ‘use to express feelings of pleasure and (fascinate, happy, count) 2. Bats, Shoots & Leaves, by Lynne Truss, sa book about (punctuate, humour) 3, Imissed the teacher's about next week’s special for the class. announce, active) 4, Itwas very to everyone when the team lost the , especially since they'd been doing so well under the of the new coad (upset, leader, champion) 5, [don't think that his had anything todo with you. He's not a very patient or nam (annoy, sense) 6, Before the mid-1960s, there was a great deal of public to the problems caused by air and water (pollute, indifferent) 4. completa the sentences with nouns or adjectives. Use the ‘words below and the correct suffixes. mystery » doubt mass « state «sense + comic + suit collect + equal « truth « value 1. When something is , it’s huge. 2, Someone ‘usually makes good judgemens 3. When something is v it’s difficult to understand. 4, Silveris less than gold. 5, Someone fora job has the necessary Se and abilities for it. 6. When someone is being > they're not lying. TA ig never followed by a question maz 8 In some countries, there’s no for women 9, Something that is is funny. 10. IF you're about something, you're not sure. 11. There is more than one thing ina= Topic Vocabulary Langlage 5 the iallowing sentences do not make sense. Replace each word in bold with a word in bold from another senten ‘1. You shouldn't use foreign language in a formal letter. ‘2 Mary is studying body language because she's going to ‘teach children who can't hear. 3 Athough my dad has lived in England for 30 years, be still dreams in Greek, which is his accent. 4 Inmy Datch friend's school, everyone has to study English and at least one other native speaker. 5. Many flight attendants are fluent, and some even speak. three or more languages. 6 You can tell by looking at Mark’s slang that he's bored Dy thelecture. 7. Can you tel the difference between a Liverpool mother ‘tongue in English and a London one? The more you practise speaking, the more bilingual you will become. & My mother was born in Lebanon, so she isa sign 6 Complete the e-mail with the phrases below. talkcher into « talking back talked down to her tale out of « talk itover Se Hi Sam, | | Today's been a difficult day. First, my mum tried to 5 going to the music festival thas: weekend because I've got an exam on Monday. We hale big argument, and she said | was ® ‘to her, Then, at school, | found out that Molly had said | horrible things about me. Apparently, she thought | hac Le during a class discussion the | other day. All did was correct something she had said. | tm really upset, because | ike Mol. going to try te }s with her. Maybe | can even 1 going to the festival with met ‘the passege with the words and phrases below. There are more words than you ne és» signs « reacts clothes shops « slang + degree « provides + native speakers +» advertises » include Visiting an English-speaking country " Jeorners to practise their English. Reading * rections, talking to sales assistants in * there's no need to feel shy about speaking, because many * English love hearing foreign § ! There ara many English-study programmes in cities such as London, of course. But its” Farm Your Way to Beiter English endless opportunities for 1 and maps, asking for and learning the latest ‘from the locals are all great ways to improve English skills. And of considera programmes in more unusual places ~ including farms. For instance, Mil Little Farm, in Ireland, * is programme as a place to learn farm skils in addition to studying English with qualified teachers. Other activities p learning how to make cheese and bread, and tours to local sites. 2 the sentences so they are true for you. ‘parents once tried to talk me out of, day, [might want to get a degree in that next summer | will en someone talks down to me, Ivy f GRAMMAR io: stuiats Boo, pone 15 Perfect Tenses 4] Complete the speech bubbles with the correct form of the 10 ‘eerb clean, Use the Present Perfect Simple, Past Perfect ‘Simple or Future Perfect Simple. ‘mother will be home in an hour. your room yet? Thad an argument with my dad because . ‘my room by the time my mum 2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Brosent Pores Simpl, Pest Perfect Simple or Fut! imple. L your aunt (have) beri by this time next month? 2 you (vite) an e-mailes John recently? 3. Pm hungry! 1 (not eat) since: breakfast. 4. you. (be) to Prague beams: last summer, or was that your fist vist there? 5. They (not finish) the course 15th July. It doesn't end until the end of the mont 6. By the time I got to the park, the concert (start). 3. Match the sentences in A to the continuations in B. A 1. Ithad been raining for two weeks. 2. Ithas been raining for two weeks. 3, Ithasn’t been raining for very long. 4, Ithadn't rained all morning, B a. It started late this morning, about an hour a5. b. Then suddenly, that aftemoon, there was a big storm. c. Yesterday, it finally stopped. 4. Tmo tired of the zain. Thopeit stops soon. 4. complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the Present Perfect Continuous or Past Perfect Continuous. not stand « snow « study « notlisten « drive » practise 1. There will be good skiing at the weekend. It for days! 2. We for half an hour by the time ‘we realised that Oxford was in the other direction. 3 you for the biology exam all evening? You look tired! 4. We at the bus stop for long ‘when the bus came. 5. How long theband before the neighbour complained about the loud music? 6. Jean doesn't know what I'm talking about, She tome.! What Does It Mean? Words sometimes acquire new or additional meanings. This often happens when words are used as slang. For example, in recent years, teens in the US * had been saying | will have said / have been saying “bad” to mean “excellent” But changes in word meanings also happen very slowly. The word “nice’, for example, means “pleasant”, “kind” or “satisfactory’ These” have been had been / will have been its meanings since about the mid-18th century. But before then, people in England * have used / have been using / had been using the word “nice” differently In the 13th century it meant stupid”, while in the 16th century its meaning was “careful” Even word experts can't always explain how such big changes * had been occurring / ‘will have occurred | have occurred in the meanings of words. But there's no doubt that ‘even centuries ago, words that originally * will have meant / had meant / have meant one ‘hing gradually got a different meaning. t wil be interesting to see what new meanings for Smiliar words © will have entered / have entered / had entered the English language ~ or your own ~ in the future. 5 Choose the correct answer. 7 Translate the sentences into your own language. 1. Pollution has caused massive damage to many: G Comect the errors. 4 By May, we will have completing most of this workbook. 2 Let's go for a walk, We had been studying for four hours. 2. Sue's body language showed that she hadn't given = truthful answer. |&. How long have you been reading before you fell asleep? 3, Sam and Ruth have been chatting on the phone! “4 Thad never typed on an old-fashioned typewriter, but hues want to try it one day. 4, In four years’ time, [will have graduated from, 5 She well have tried to talk me out of meeting Tim, but I ‘Baa’ listen to her. 5. Bill was fluent in German because he had been Review 123455 he mini-dielogues with the words below. Use the perfecttenses. work + not do « graduate * play + ignore your sister already 2 ‘Not yet. She's in her second year of university. ‘Hane you and Lori finished your science project? onit for 4. A: Youlook happy! B: Lam! [was sure I got 97! 5..A: Why was Jill so upset with you last night? B: Because she thought I about the calls all day. 6. As You're an excellent pianist! How long 2 so, because they want a new sales assistant to you ‘on the first of the month. B: Since Iwas seven years old. well,SKILLS After students Book, paye 17 Topic Vocabulary Communication | Choose the correct response. Pay attention tothe words in bold. +E Did you manage to get your message across? = Yes, Idid. I finally sent the e-mail last night. Ithinkso, Tm pretty sure that everyone understood 2 Seimoush, does it bother you that many people here don't pronounce yourname correctly? = No, because there are different ways to spell itin English. Not really. I know it’s difficult for English speakers to say it. 5 Doyou and your sister ever quarrel? 2 Sometimes, but we never stay angry with each other for long 5. No, but we argue all the time. 2 complete the sentences with the words below. 4, Do you think I should apologise? a. Yes, youbehaved badly. . Yes, you did well. 5, Didyou convince her? a. No, I didn't. I spoke slowly so she could understand . No. She still doesn’t like the idea. exta heart-to-hearttalke blame «felling a joke + whispering + gossip + chatting 4 My:um’s office party was boring, Everyone was 2 Susie shouldn't about the weather. other people for her problems, She never takes responsibility for anything hersele 3 They were , sowe couldn't hear what they were saying. 4 Ben and! and she told me some very personal things about herself. 5 When people , they often repeat things that they've heard from others. 6 Hewes , but Rita thought he was being serious at first. ME Speaking Talking Abouta Picture choose the correct answer to show that yau have understood ‘Se meanings of the words in italics. 1 Tes easy / hard to see Jake in this photo, but that’s him, atthe back, 2. In most class photos, the short / tall students ‘stand ac the front. 3. In this photo, you can see the top of Big Ben in the background. But I've got more detailed photos that I took when I was further away from / closer to it. _ This photo shows tall buildings on the left-hand side, andacross from / below that, on the right-hand side, there's a park 5. The boy in the middle, standing next to Anne / ‘between Michelle and Anne, is Tim. 6 4 Complete the mini-dialogues with the phrases below. There ‘may be more than one possible answer. could be «it looks like maybe » you can tell that seem to be « I guess » perhaps « | suppose + probably 1. A: Why do you think the boy in this photo is crying? B he’sstandingina crowded street, withouthis parents near him. he's frightened. 2. As Tove the way Sue and Glen are smiling at each other in this picture. : Me too. they're really in love. : The people in this picture are tourists. B: And, they lost, because they reading a map. 4, A: ‘This picture is very dark. It’s difficult to see the faces of the people. They either children or old people, It's really impossible to tell. B the photographer did that on purpose. 5, As This isa lovely photo. I didn't realise your hotel was so dlose to the mountains! B: It wasn't. [know the mountains are right behind the hotel, but they're miles away.UNIT1 WRITING ‘Bet Stidene2 eck page9 An Informative Essay { 1 choose the one or two correct connectors in each sentence. Jecerny forgot to set his alarm clock. Asa result / Therefore / Since, he was late to school. When her family moved here, Amina spoke no English. For this reason / As a result of / Consequently, she had private lessons for a few months. Since / Due to / Because of the storm, the game was cancelled. ‘The speaker didn’t know any English because / as / so he had to use a translator. As / Since / Asa result of we are very busy today, we won't be able to go out with you. wp w 2 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Make any necessary changes. 1. Tom is good at maths. Therefore, he sometimes helps me with my homework. (since) ‘The football team is finally improving because they have frequent practices. (asa result of) 3. [forgot to bring a pen, so I borrowed one. (as) fp Due to the great demand for tickets, the band will give two concerts here instead of one. (consequently) 3 Complete the essay with the connectors of cause and result below. There may be more than one possible answer. due to + as.a result of «so » consequently s C A All About > —) Ro A p= ‘Scrabble is one of the world’s most popuer word games. Players use tiles printed with letters to spell words on a game board. Letiors have points, * ‘the winner is the highest-scoring player. rabble was invented by Alfred Butts, an American architect, in the 1930s. However, ® the country’s economic Drbers, noone as lng menuiacge re game Feb el 040e, ats net Ses re Br ere te game 3d, thought of the name Scrabble and started producing it. Few games were sold at first, but in the early 1950s, a department store ‘executive played the game and liked it. * , he began seling it in his store, and Scrabble became popular. ‘Since then, more than 100 million Scrabble games have been sold. + Alfred Butts’ good idea, millions of people have discovered the fun of playing with words. SELZIETG Inyour notebook, write an essay on the history of crossword puzzles or another type of word game or board game. Use 80-120 words. Getting Organised Useful Expressions 1. Do research to get information about the game. 4. Summarise the topic. ee ‘Then make a list of facts which are important and 5, Use connectors of cause and inl power relevant to your essay. result link your ideas. Itisplayed by . 2 Introduce the topic and give basic information. 6, heck your workfor mistakes. Weare 4. Dovelop the topic with more detailed information. Fes been sold in. 13EXTRA READING / scons the first sentence of each paragraph in the text In which paragraph will ou find the following information? +. problems with education for the deaf 4, the approach to deaf education in the 1900s 2. 2 website where you can see people using BSI. 5, greater acceptance of BSI. 3. the people who use BSL No Longer a Silent Language “Pm hungry” in British Sign ‘Chose one hand and move it around your stomach as if drawing a circle. You've just said, Language (BSL). -rocay. BSI. is used by approximately 145,000 deaf people inthe UK and their hearing families, teachers and interpretess But “sesil recently, BSI had been less prominent, even in the deaf community. or nnch of the 20th century, experts though that teaching deaf children to speak and lip-ead would make i easier for them ation in the hearing world For this reason, most schools forthe deaf prohibited the use of BSL in the classroom, -omever, this policy began changing in the 1970s aftr studies had revealed is failures. One problem was that deaf children’s Sovcch was difficult to understand. Furthermore, researchers found no difference between the lip-reading abilities of deaf Eo hearing children: both groups were bad at it. Most importantly, teaching without BSL. ‘sczatively affected deaf children’s ability to learn basic skills: many deaf teenage “chool-leavers had the reading level of an average hearing eight-year-old. ‘iajor positive changes have occurred over the past few decades. BSLis used ‘schools; the first BSL dictionary was published in 1992; many television ‘seoeramimtes provide BSL interpretation; and in 2003, BSL became an oficial British language. “Jo see BSL in action, look for YouTube videos of popular songs being ‘greeted in BSL. You'll then understand how communicative this ent language is. 2 Now road the entire text and choose the correct answer. 1 Fora long time, experts believed that 1. deaf children couldn't speak ». the deaf couldn't function in a hearing world . deaf children should learn to speak deaf children preferred to speak rather than use BSL, 2. Asa result of not being allowed to use BSL in schools... ‘2, many deaf children left school 1b, many deaf children’s academic achievements were low cc. many deaf children couldn't lip read 4. many deaf children couldn't speak 4. Find words in the text that mean: 1. people who translate one 3 complete the sentences. 1. Inthe UK, about 145,000 deaf people 2. In the 20th century, schools for the deaf didn't usually 3, Research showed that deaf children could not lip read better than. 4, Until 2003, BSL was not Tanguage to another ines 1-4) 2. important, well known (ines 1-4) 3, made something known, Gines 7-11) 4, give something that isnecessary (lines 12-15)‘the correct answer. ‘The museum is in that direction, Look ~ there's abig announcement / sign / notice for it. Tm glad you provided / included / convinced me to read the book. I really enjoyed it. David and I talked back / quarrelled / chatted again last night. We've been arguing too much lately. Thate it when Kate talks down to me /blames me / talks it over. She sometimes acts as if I'm stupid. He enjoys acting, so he’s going to pronounce / graduate /join the drama club next year. lete the mini-dialogues with the correct form of the is bolow. + mother tongue « clothes shop « bilingual ise ° fluent foreign language Say cons you donna eth wed nest T thought Italian was your * B: Itis, but haven't lived in Italy since the 19905 and don't know much of the new? ‘A: The new men’s * won alepeet has* in the newspaper. ‘They are looking for sales assistants. B: I know, but they want people who are completely ‘in English, French and at least one additional * Tm only 5 0 'm not going to apply. the sentence that best follows the original sentence. ‘This medicine will cure you. a. It’s not safe for people your age. ‘b. You'll be feeling better by the weekend. It’s worthwhile. 2. Don't bother, b. Youwon'tbe sorry. 3. The new research raised some important questions. 2. There's now no doubt that more research is needed. b. The public was pleased to finally get some answers. 4. There's no need to whisper. 2. We won't disturb anyone, b, Please talk more quietly. 5. This isn’t valuable. a. It's a real diamond. b.Ipaid less than £2 for it. UNIT1 Grammar 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below. Use the perfect tenses. not finish run + not see * plant return 1. Ididn't have much energy yesterday. only for 10 minutes when Thad to stop. 2. Sue started to paint her room yesterday, but she ityet. 3. Let's plan the party for the 12th. Everyone from their holidays by then. 4, It was nice to see Jefflast week. We each other for six months. 5. They the new trees and flowers all morning. I think they should come inside for a break. 5 Complete the pessage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets, Use the perfect tenses. British and American Spelling You probably know that there are some differences between British and American spelling ~but © you ever (wonder) why? Its at least partly due to Noah Webster, who wrote the first dictionary of American English. When he published it in 1828, he* (work) on it for 27 years. By that time, he* (earn) 26 languages so he could analyse the history of various words. Webster simplified the spelling of some words, such as dropping the “u” from words ike colour, and changing centre to center. Americans (use) these spellings ever since. ‘The English Spelling Society, established in 1908, (try) to simplify British spelling for a Jong time. There® (be) hardly any changes in British spellings since the society was established ~ but who knows? Perhaps by the time of its 200th anniversary, some British spellings ” (change)! Writing G Complete the sentences with the connectors of cause and result below. There may be more than one possible answer. therefore « so » consequently + as » since 1. Carols train was delayed. first half hour of the ceremony. ry parents will be away next weekend, Im going to have a party. a5 Laura's a better player than Iam, Inever win. 4, Luckily, Mike had his camera, great pictures of the sunset. 5. Shawn's little brother is deaf. family has been learning sign language. we missed the 2 we have some , the wholeUNIT2 7 Advert Alert WOCABULARY |isiSitieitsooknasems Words from the Text ‘Thoose the correct answer. Pay attention to the words inboid. ‘4 There are only four biscuits left. It's unfair for .. = each of us to have two B you tohave three 2 Hes always willing to help. He's so... a kind Bley 3 The sponsor for our basketball team is... = alocal shop & the best coach we've ever had 4 My cousin is going tobea contestant .... 2 inafilm b onagame show 5 Thisis an interesting advert: I think... 2 Tibuy it it gets the message across Ournew flatis huge. We've neverlived in sucha... place before, 2 krge B small 7 On Ist November, the judges will... = announce the winners find out whether they have won ‘Complete the sentences with the words below. rend + netivorks + tolerate + prevent + major sestad of « spectators » advertising 1 After three ‘were hurt at a car race last year, changes were made to itfrom happening again. 2 The way television make money is by selling time to companies for 3. Idon’t knowhow you living in this area. Whenever there's a event at the stadium, there's so much traffic! 4 Tmow the current is to get music from the Internet, but I still prefer to buy CDs downloading music. Verb Collocations 3 complete the speech bubbles with the correct form of payor ‘keep and the words below. your eyes on + attention « in mind + the price Adaml Are you B You've got to the ball! Run after it! And jump! NS Thate tennis! There's so much to Complete the sentences with the phrases below and the correct form of payor a promise « track of « (him) company + a visit (her) own way + a secret 1. Before Istarted to what Iate, Thadn’t realised how much junk food I was eating, 2. John can't - He's been telling people about me and Charles. 3. There's no need for me to He doesn't mind going alone. 4. She's through university, so she's ‘working in a bookshop in addition to studying. 5. [think you should to your grandmother today. You can take the bus there after school 6. You can't trust Mitchell He never_ Topic Vocabulary Finances 5 Match A to B to form sentences. A B 1. He’s gota small income, which is just enough for a. lives within his budget. 2. Mike borrowed more money, so now he b. cutback on things like take-away meals. 2. He'll get by as longashe expenses, such as rent. 4, His situation improved after he 4. owes me £40. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words below. purchase + increase « profit lend « compete « decrease » product +. Inorder tommake a higher » the company is going to use cheaper materials 2. There's no difference between these two cleaning , so'm going to buy the cheaper one. 5. The new dothes shop is trying to with TopShop by offering lower prices. 4. This city once had seven daily newspapers, but the number has Nov there are only three. | 5. Wecan either tickets online or buy them at the box office. 6. My camera was broken, so Cara me hers for the weekend. 7. In the 1990s, the population in this region by about 10,000 people. Most of them moved here from theme the passage with the words below. = huge + increase + spectators « products » advertising + purchase « adverts Advertising in the Past We tend to think of * as a modern phenomenon — but its not. Among the earliest 2 \were papyrus posters in ancient Rome. They were used to inform people when gladiators would * The aim, of course, was to encourage * to attend the contests. Another early form of advertising, especially in the 12th-16th centuries in Britain, was used by travelling vendors t0 8... -eu-n-uu--» Sales. When they arrived in a town. or village, they often hired a “town crier" to walk around shouting out their location, so that anyone wanting to ® ‘their vegetables or other ' +» WOuld know where to find ther. Since those long-ago days, advertising has become a ® and influential industry - with modern versions of papyrus posters and town criers. mplete the sentences so they are true for you. “When someone doesn't pay attention to what I'm saying, I ‘One of my favourite fashion trends is. 3, At weekends, Im notwilling to 4. it's sometimes difficult for me to tolerate ‘One day, I would like to be a spectator ate GRAMMAR Atter student's Book page27 Reported Speech 1 MrBurns and Ms Turner are in the office, Read their conversation in A. Then choose the correct enswers in B. A. ‘Mr Burns: You should read this new research about American teens and advertising. Ms Turner: I'll definitely do that later today. Later that day: Ms Turner: I've finally read the new research. Mr Burns: Did any of the research findings surprise you? Ms Turner: Yes. I was surprised to learn that fewer than ‘one-fifth of American teens pay attention to adverts they receive on their mobile phones. Mr Burns: Itis surprising, 'm already working on a new plan to change our advertising strategy. 2 Complete the sentences in reported speech. 1, “What time did you get home last night?” My mum wanted to know 2. “My dad has been working in advertising since 1995.” Lucy explained that her dad 3. “Can I borrow your red shirt?” Liz asked me 4, “Don't touch my computer!” Mark ordered his little brother 5. “The homework has been difficult this term.” Sharon complained B 1. Mr Burns suggested that Ms Turner read / would read that new research about American teens and advertising 2. Ms Turner promised that she will do / would do that l= that day. 3, Ms Turner told Mr Burns that she finally read / had finally read the new research. 4, Mr Burns asked whether any of the research findings surprised / had surprised her. 5, Ms Turner said that she had been / was surprised to eas that fewer than one-fifth of American teens pay attention” paid attention to adverts they received on their mobile phones. 6, MrBurns told Ms Turner that he was already working! is already working on anew plan to change their advertising strategy. 3 Complete the sentences in reported speech. Use the reporting verbs warned, wondered, admitted, promised and complained. Make eny necessary changas. 1. “The judges were unfair tome.” ‘The contestant 2. “Why haven't you been doing your homework?” My teacher 3, “Don't spend too much when you go shopping today” My dad 4. “won't forget to call you tomorrow.” Ellen 5. “I cheated in the exam last week.” Anne& Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Do You Believe “Real People”? oe In recent years, there has been a trend of featuring “real people” in adverts instead of professional models or actors. In Britain, a major bank and a soap company are among the companies who have used these kinds of adverts. When a reporter asked why the bank (choose) to use real bank customers and staff in its recent adverts, the spokeswoman explained that in that campaign, they 2 (want) to show how real staff dealt with real customers’ individual cases. Advertisers for the soap company said that in their campaign, they * (promote) the | __ idea that beautiful women come in all shapes and sizes. Unfortunately, however, one of the adverts’ designers admitted that he * slightly (change) photos for the adverts. So, just how "real" were the women we saw? A media expert recently warned people * {not forget) that no matter how “real” these types of adverts seemed, they were still meant to sell something. She wondered whether, in the future, we © ever (see) an advert featuring, for example, a real bank customer complaining about bad customer service, She promised that she (open) an account with the bank that was brave enough to have that kind of asvertsng compan Correct the errors. G Translate the sentences into your own language. 1. Touggested that we had a picnic. 1 Tim complained that ithad been unfair to punta 2 My father complained that the bank has bad service. 2. Marge wondered why we tolerated Bob’s violent behaviour. 5. Lily wondered why didn't like chocolate. - 3. My friends suggested that we pay our own way. 4 Jason told that he could drive us to the concert. 4, Tasked Sam how much money he owed the bank 5 Sam asked whether we enjoyed the film the previous evening, 5. He ordered me to cut back on my expenses. ‘Choose the correct answer. +1. Carolyn promised that she would send / will send / had sent the package by 4.00 that aftemoon. ‘2 Tm having a great time! I didn't have /haven’t had / haven't been having this much fun for along time, By the end of this century, many things will have changed / have changed / had changed. + A reporter asked how long the company president knew /have known / had known about the product's problems. before informing the public. 5 Susan hasn't paid attention / hasn't been paying attention /hadn’t been paying attention until the teacher asked her a question. ‘© The contestants will have waited / have been waiting / have waited since 5.00.4 SKILLS (Atersivdents Bosk pages Topic Vocabulary Describing Adverts ‘1 The following sentences do not make sense. Replace each word in bold with a word in bold from another sentence. 1. Those adverts were extremely odd, Many people hated them while others thought they were excellent. 2. The advert promotes this as a healthy drink, but that is eye-catching. According to scientists, it provides no nutritional benefits. 8. Bverybody's noticed that huge new advert on King George Avenue. You can't miss it. It’s definitely controversial. 4. Ray thinks those new bank adverts on the radio are misleading, but I think they're rather stupid. 5, The music in their new television advert is very brilliant. I'm not sure that a song from the 1940s is the best way to appeal to ‘teenagers. 2 Choose the correct answer. 1. This is a cute advert for the toyshop. The text is deliberately in very childish / brilliant / persuasive handwriting, 2. The new anti-smoking advert shows people with smoking-related health problems. The advertisers hope it will make smoking less effective / controversial / appealing to young people. 3. Giving away free samples is an eye-catching / effective / odd way to introduce consumers to a product. 4. Some adverts are deliberately brilliant / over the top / persuasive, and use exaggeration in order to be humorous. 5. Images of glamorous / childish / controversial celebrities are often used in advertising 6. This hotel company’s adverts are always in French, with no English. They probably think that’s odd / misleading / sophisticated, but I think its annoying. 7. You still haven't given me one appealing / persuasive / glamorous reason why I should buy an iPhone instead of another smartphone 8. The organisation has used a simple, powerful / sophisticated / over the top image of a child in all its newspaper adverts. @® Speaking Expressing Opinions 3. Match the remarks in A to al the logical responses in B. 4 Complete the dialogue with the bolded expressions in Exercise 3. There may be more than one possible answer. A 1. think that this is avery powerful advert. Alice: Look at this advert for Cool Cola. 2. This is a misleading advert. What do you think? 7 pteaehil B Ben: Really? it's pretty tive, 3 [ont se why. Personally think i very ae _ tases halen Suective. slogan: “Life. It’s What You Drink.” [don't even b. Yes, I suppose the photo makes the car look understand what that’s supposed to mean. ‘much larger than it really is. Ben: OK,é ‘tis an odd slogan. . Thave to admit that it’s extremely eye-catching. 5 that it expresses the 4. Idisagree. In my opinion, the information it point that Cool Cola is part of enjoying life? And ves is accurate. the photo of all the people in a club is definitely 2 . , Why do you think so? To me it’s unappealing, eye-catching, £, That's true, but don’t you think it’s bit too Alice: Well, * itis, but I stil think serious for such a cheap, practical ar? they need a new slogan. Ben: While you think of one, I'll go and see if there’s any Cool Cola in the fridge.WRITING ‘AfterStiten’s Beck page31 A For and Against Essay ‘1 Choose one or two correct answers in each sentence. 1. Despite / Nevertheless / In spite of / Although the cold weather, we're enjoying our visit here. 2, Sam likes watching dramas on TV, while / however / but / furthermore I prefer comedies. . Sherry is thrilled. She got 100 in two subjects -in maths as well as / moreover / besides / in addition in history. 4. This company has come out with sportswear for women. Furthermore / In addition / However / Even though, they == planning to produce swimsuits for children. 5. [know you'e tired. Nevertheless / Moreover / But / Also, you have to finish your homework tonight. 2 Rewrite the sentences using the connectors in brackets. Do not change the original meaning of the sentences. 1. They had a huge advertising campaign, but their product failed to sell. (despite) 2. The film was quite boring and it was too long, (in addition) Com ‘and there may be more than one possible answer. BC ues ig Organised the subject you are writing about ‘argument for and against the issue in two clear Sto show the connection between your ideas. ‘opinion in the closing paragraph. ‘work for mistakes. 4. Rickis intelligent. He is also nice and friendly, (as well as) ‘the passage with the connectors below. There are more connectors than you need, sespite + although e furthermore + bute while « as well as » besides * moreover ne Cinemas ‘Paschesing a cinema ticket also means paying to Watch the adverts before the film. Some people think this is unfair, © setes think that its no different from having adverts in newspapers, magazines or on the Internet ~ all of which consumers alse es = + adverts in the cinema are harder to ignore or avoi all that, most cinemas publish film times as the time the adverts begin, not the film. Foom up. advertising in cinemas benefits advertisers and cinema owners, * ‘PhsScve that cinemas should stop showing adverts, or should at least inform customers of when a film, and not the adverts, Besse than adverts in newspapers, magazin 3. Although the climb was extremely difficult, we managed to reach the top. (nevertheless) ‘Ox the one hand, selling advertising time brings in money. Without adverts, ticket prices might increase. + Prices of fond seed rinks at the cinema might rise. ‘Os the other hand, cinema prices have risen anyway over the years and snacks atthe cinema are expensive » ahem online and on esa ‘thas no advantages for cinems poe. In your notebook, write a for and against essay on the advantages and disadvantages of playing computer games. Use 100-180 words, Useful Expressions First of all, Thelieve Inmy opinion, Itsa fact that Forexample, For this reason, Incondusion, Tosumup,A EXTRA READING ‘I _Fead the text. Whattis the author's purpose? 1. to explain why fake food is used in adverts 2 winform readers about how food is made to look good in adverts 3. to persuade readers that it's wrong to improve the look of food in adverts 4. to describe different types of food adverts That Looks Delicious! “Milk” made of cream and white shampoo, plastic ice cubes and cheese sprayed with window ccleaner don’t sound appetising — but they look that way in photos. And that’s what's important sw the food advertise Isanything real in food adverts? ‘Yes. British law requires the advertised food to be real. So in a cereal advert, for example, the cereal must be real, but the milk in the bow! needn't be. Of course, “real” doesn't mean shat the food can’t appear at its best. Just like models aren’t photographed without perfect ‘make-up, neither is food. To get that picture-perfect look, photographers rely on food stylists. How do stylists make food look so tempting? Ssylists use a variety of techniques to improve a food's appearance. The fake milk mentioned above is thicker than real milk, so cereal looks better init. Window cleaner gives a nice shine so cheese. And plastic ice cubes are used because real ones melt under hot photography lights. ‘When fizzy drinks lose their bubbles, a few drops of washing-up liquid are added. Hamburgers in adverts look so mouth-watering because only the outside of the meat is cooked. Why? Raw -gers look bigger and juicier than cooked ones do. Lighting, camera angles and presentation also contribute to an effective food advert. One way is by making food seem a different size than it really is. For example, a slice of pizza will look very large when photographed close up on a small plate, ‘Now when you look at food adverts, you'll know what you're really seeing. 2 choose the correct answer. 3 Decide ifthe following sentences are true (T) or false (FL. B According to the lawin Britain, Find evidenoo in the text to justify your answers. 2. allfood shown in any advert must be real 1L. Window cleaner is used to clean the cheese. ». all food shown in adverts must look appetising «. only the food being advertised has to be real 2. Washing-ap liquid. haat bubh the food in all adverts must look real a 2. The examples in lines 10-15 show .... 2. how food is made to look better in adverts b. how food is cooked for adverts «. what types of food are shown in adverts 4. what happens to food when being photographed 3. Photography techniques help advertisers ... . 4, To make food look bigger, it is put on a large plat= 2. make the food larger b, change the size of food . show the food on small plates: 4. Find words or expressions in the text that mean: 4. createa certain impression 4. appealing to eat (lines 1-3) 2, delicious (lines 9-15) 3. uncooked (lines 9-15) 4, apiece of food (lines 16-19) 3, Well-cooked hamburgers look bigger and juiciex than raw ones.Vocabulary ‘Shoose the correct answer, Pay attention to the words niles, | L When people want to increase / prevent / cut back on ‘their spending, they purchase less. ‘2 She doesn't owe me money because she didn’t lend / Borrow / get by any. 2 On this show, five contestants / judges / sponsors __canpete against each other to win big prizes Twonder how Sue tolerates Robert's brilliant / ‘childish / sophisticated behaviour. Hex shop has got an eye-catching sign. Ids buge / unfair / major. § Thats an appealing photo. Everyone looks so ‘controversial / persuasive / glamorous. ch the word or phrase in A to its definition in B. © suffer the consequences snake better = ready and able to do something ‘producing a successful result ‘get smaller in size or amount te sentences with the words below. There are more ‘you need. + income « budget « trends « advert SE © network pretty good sat «high-tech company. ed an extra last month because I had to sbuthe could earn. ‘hard to know exactly how new carted and why they become popular. stadium will have seats for 20,000 sum works for television CHECK YOUR PROGRESS AtorStudon’s Book, page 32 UNIT2 Grammar 4. Complete the sentences in reported speech. 1. “Ithink its a brilliant advert.” Sue said 2. “Why didn’t you go out last night?” Liam wondered ne 3. "Ican't go with you tomorrow” James told me 4, "Show me your ID” ‘The policewoman ordered me 5. *Hovrlong have you been here” asked Marilyn 6. "Tve been reading a lot.” Natalie mentioned 7. “Let's have an early dinner” ‘Mum suggested 8, “The dlinic will be dosed tomorrow." ‘The secretary informed us Rewrite the sentences in reported speech. Use the most suitable reporting verb below. warned « wanted to know « insisted + admitted + complained 1. “These chips taste awful” Kevin 2. “Twill definitely pay my own way.” Sara 3. ‘Don’t be late.” Our teacher 4, “Why have you been so tired lately?” My friend 5, “Our advert was misleading” Mr Kay Choose the correct connector. 1, Thought the new Sims game yesterday. However / In addition / But, [haven't played it yet. 2, [refuse to purchase anything at that shop. Moreover / Besides / Although being expensive, it’s got very rude sales assistants. 3. As well as / Nevertheless / Even though Jane has never read the Twilight books, she’s seen the films. 4, We really enjoyed the party because we finally gat to meet John’s old friends. In spite of / Furthermore / However, ‘the music and food were great. a wi24 UNIT3 VOCABULARY ‘Aiestadearessst Words from the Text Choose the best continuation for each sentence. Pay attention to the words in bold. 1. Most rap music appeals to me, a. but [liked the rap group I saw last night. b, but I didn’t enjoy the rap group I saw last night. 2, His guitar style is unique. 1, He sounds exactly like Eric Clapton. . Nobody else has quite the sound that he does. 3. She encouraged me to enter the singing contest. a She didn’t think Iwas good enough. b. She thought [hada good chance of winning, 4, Uzhave been around for more than 30 years. a. They started playing together when they were teens. b. They went ona world tourin 2009. 5, Lreally ike their costumes. a. They're much nicer than the ones our team has. b, They're all dressed like Lady Gaga. 6, My dadis a reporterat a prestigious newspaper. a, It’s respected all over the world. b. Most people have never heard of it. 7. That shirt looks weird on you. a. It looks much better than the black shirt b, Idon’t think you should buy it. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases below. overnight outrageous * unknown » performance canard + for years fo come + huge hit « disturbing 1. She's had some upset 2, When he wrote that song long ago, he had no idea that it would remain popular 3, Most people don't become stars news. She's quite ‘They work long and hard to succeed. 4. The play was a in New York, but it wasn't at all popular in London. 5, The Brazilian musicians gave a fantastic last night. 6, Receiving that important helped her career. 7. He wears dlothing and strange hats onstage, but when he's not performing, he wears jeans. 8, Those three actors are all famous now, but they were ‘when they made this film. ’ Face the Music Phrasal Verbs 3 Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs below. Ther= ‘re more phrasal vorbs than you need. show off take off call off« breakup + fitin » puton We are going to in 30 minutes. 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs below. stand up for * look up to « fitin « come down on stand oie Leep at lve up to « puton « breakup » take off 1 Itcanbehard to atanew school 2. ewe it, well finish by 9.00. 3, The film didn’t my expectations. 4, Their business hasn't really yet, ban think their new product will succeed. 5, Mr Eliot students who are late. 6, Jimand aren't getting married. We've 7. The drama dub didn't Only one actor really 8 Ihave allot of respect for my grandmother. One reason I hheris because she has alvrays important issues like women’s gis a good show———————eEEeEEEEeee——eeerrrreoreorwrl eo UNIT3 Topic Vocabulary Fame and Celebrity & The following sentences do not make sense. Replace each word in bold with a word in bold from another sentence. 4. That's Brad Pitt over therel It looks like alot of people are asking for his role model. 2 There is no truth to the publicity that he's ill. 5 He got some bad scandal last year after he suddenly left the stage in the middle of a concert. 4 Her first autograph came when a record producer heard her at a club. 5 He’sa trendsetter for many young musicians who respect the way he lives. © She's become a rumour. Many girls imitate the way she dresses. > Herrade speech caused a big lucky break at school. GF match A to B to form sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold. A B +4 you makeit, a. you think it’s excellent. 2 Ifyou make a comeback, b. you've got alot of money. &. you admire someone's work, c. people pay a lot of attention to you. 4 you worship someone, 4. you adore them. 5. you're wealthy, e. you become popular again. & If you're in the spotlight, £, you succeed at something, ng It Together. ‘with the words and phrases below. off in the spotlight « keep at « been around gars fo come » appeal fo « make.a comeback ke up» performances beet Leet Rock ‘n’ Roll ‘eck Jagger, the lead singer of the Rolling Stones, once said, "I'd rather be dead than singing Satisfaction when I'm 45.” ‘Well, he's in his late 60s now, and still singing that and other hit songs in * around the world. But ‘ust ike many other musicians from the 1960s, he and the Stones never had to? because they fhave never left the music scene. They've been * and producing great music ever since their careers fest! Others who have § for more than 50 years include Bob Dylan ‘2nd Paul McCartney, who has had an extremely successful solo career since the Beatles ° in 1970 osay, these musicians of the '60s ” three generations of fans who love their music and hope they'll . -it. With any luck, they will indeed be around * : the sentences so they are true for you. ‘don’t understand why some people worship ‘ 2 Tonce wore a costume of 2 ‘My parents have alvays encouraged me to ‘One of the people Ilook up to is 5. sa pity I don't have time in my schedule to fit in P23}GRAMMAR ‘AiterStaient’s Booic page 39 The Passive, The Causative Choose the correct answer. 3 Rewrite the sentences in the passive form. Leave out the agent where possible. Rih anna 1. ‘They haven't advertised the concert yet. Rihanna was 16 and living in Barbados when she 2. Do they show American Idol in Britain? was first discovered / first discovered by an American record producer who offered to help her make her frst demo recordings in New York. Because she didn't want to miss schocl, those recordings * could only be made / could only make during her school holidays. During 4, Elvis Presley had worn that suit. the period that the demo songs * were recording / were being recorded, she and her mother travelled to New York in the winter and summer school holidays. Since the release of her first album in 2005, Rihanna 3. Alot of famous people are going to attend the party. 5, Someone was photographing that man. ‘has been sold / has sold more than 20 million copies 6. They might have filmed this video in Tokyo. of her five albums. In addition, over 60 million copies of her singles * have purchased / have been purchased. Rihanna 4. Complete the sentences using a causative form (have/ ® said / is said to be the youngest singer get something done). ever tohave had 10 number-one songs 1. [think [need new glasses. 1 myeyes in the pop charts. Rihanna is active in (Ghoul / cheel) soon. charity work, and” established / i ‘was established the Believe ee Bae carpet (dean) Foundation in 2006. Children all over the party last week. the world are currently helping / 3, My mum colours her own hair. She never are currently being helped by the it (do) by a hairdresser. foundation. ee Gre 4, They're not going to cook for the party. They er supplies an everything (prepare) by me achef. 7 5, That's a good passport photo. Where you Complete the sentences with the correct passive form of the 7“ (take)? verbs in brackets. 1. Idon't think that song 5 Write both passive forms of the sentences below. (should include) on their next album. 1. Are they going to offer her ajob? 2. Right now, no plans (make) by the band for another world tour. 3. The Brit Awards (give) every 2. Someone should have given the dog fresh water. ‘year for excellence in pop music. 4. When this old photo of you (take)? 3, The teacher didn't give us our exam results today. 5. Ournew CD (not release) until sometime in the spring. 6. the costumes for the play 4, They are sending invitations to all their friends. (design) yet? 7. Everything (prepare) by the time the band anvived. 8 the song (can record) today?& Complete the passage with the verbs in brackets, Use the active, passive or causative form. Before the Music Starts ganising a major rock concert is a massive job that often begins months or even. ears in advance. When a concert» (plan), the organisers st? (reserve) a place on a specific date. After that, all the arrangements * (can make), including hiring a technical rand “roadies”, the people who set up the equipment on stage. In addition, srt and accommodation + (must arrange) for everyone. ‘isers also have to think about security, publicity and even things like their clothes (dean). (check) by the band and the sound Seer to make sureit is perfect. At the same time, technicians practise with ts toperfect the effects that the band* + (want). After g (be) ready, everyone can relax fora few hours, (do) to ensure a perfect concert. 8 Translate the sentences into your own language. are been sold online tomorrow. 1. In the past, only wealthy kids could be sent to organising the wedding by a professional. 2. Your outrageous behaviour won'tbe tolerated by member of staff. che party should hold at Anne's house. 3, Fans got their money back because the concer ew CD didn’t be released yet. is have given to the winners. 5, Shelley stands out because she has her costumes designed by a professional. 123456 cences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1ed that those seats (be) too far from the stage. (not have) such a good CD in years. (complete) my studies. (play) on radio stations all over the world, (offer) in the park next summer. our house (paint) next month, cur wanted to know whether we (hear) anything strange the night before. (perform) for years before they had a major hit.SKILLS (Atersiaabnez Topic Vocabulary Live Entertainment 1 write T (true) or F (false) for each sentence. Correct the false sentences. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold. 11. When a place is packed, it’s full. 2. When you book ticket, you order it in advance. 3. We use our voices to clap. 4, Musicians rehearse during a concert. 5, There's often an interval at the beginning of a play or concert. 6. Avenue is a person. 7. When we're enthusiastic about something, we're excited about it. ~ People boo to show they like something. 2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words below. onstage + go wild + atmosphere + sell out» cheer lighting + review front-row seats 1. Weld rather not have inthe cinema. ‘We don't like being that close. 2. Did tickets for their concert quickly? 3. The dramatic used during the play ‘was interesting, but it made it difficult to see the actors’ faces in some scenes. 4. She's always nervous before she goes 5. We didn't like the at the party, so we left early. 6, People were so loudly that we couldn't hear the music. 7. [thought it was disappointing, but the critics gave it good 8, During the band’s last song, the audience really . Everyone was dancing. 1g Comparing Pictures 3 Choose the best continuation for each sentence, Pay attention to the expressions in bold. 1. The pictures are quite different. ‘a. Bono is smiling in both pictures. b. You can hardly see Bono in this one. 2. The pictures are similar because a, they both show the band onstage. — 'b. one shows the audience, and the other shows the bas 3. In this picture, Jim is playing the guitar, a. while in this one, he's playing the drums. bb, while in this one, he's playing the guitar. 4 Complete the dialogue with the phrases below. while in this one + another similarity is the pictures are quite different one difference is that both pictures show Lily: We have to decide which of these photos to use for the new publicity poster. Jake: They look almost the same to me. Which one do you prefer? Lay: Tm not sue. They really are very similar, us singing - which is nee ‘what we want for a publicity photo. Jake: And look ~ that they oth show the lighting effects quite well. Lily: But if you look, actually * 2 ‘ the photographer zoomed in on the stage in this picture. Jake: That's true, 50° you ante see the audience at all, in the other one you can.UNIT3 WRITING Aiier'Sindents Boot. page 63 A Description of an Event 7 choose the correct adverb of degree. +. Although they've been extremely / pretty successful, they still haven't had a huge international hit. @ She's not at all / quite worried, She's sure she'll pass the exam. 3 That's absolutely / fairly fantastic! I'm so excited for you! Congratulations! 4 I got there a bit / terribly late. By the time I arrived, the concert was nearly half over. 5, He fell asleep immediately because he was very / slightly tired. D Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. @ itwasa concert, soT was surprised when everyone started to boo (oudly, disappointing, not at all) 2 tread the instructions They were clear, so they were easy to follow. (quite, carefully, detailed) Bim sure that the number 23 bus goes to the stadium. I've taken it there times. The only problem isthatit’s slow because it makes so many stops along the way. (countless, absolutely, terribly) F Complete the description with the adverbs and adjectives below. ecremely » disappointing + perfect impossible » terribly » enthusiastically Jp Luly 2071, my fiends and | attended the last day of the annual three-day Wireless Festival in London's Hyde ‘Pask to see two of our favourite bands, Pulp and Foats. y, the weather was absolutely However, nothing else was. First, we had to wait for Baw hours in a? long security queue atthe festival entrance, where IDs, tickets and bags wore ‘Geckos, 8y te time we got in, Foals’ performance had begun, dust as we joined th crowd which was dancing "one of the band’s drums broke and they stopped playing. Everyone was * = "f= that, we stood in more long queues to buy food and drinks. Finally it was time for Pulp. Annoyingly, where Jee were standing, the sound quality was quite poor and it was nearly © to hear the band, wes definitely a® ‘exparience. | hope the next festival | attend will be better! iinncccnanaianesinamnimnmnamnsmmncnesii Inyour notebook, write @ description of a disappointing event that you have attended, Use 100-150 words. ting Organised Useful Expressions Ee the deteils you want to include about the event you are fam oaca the type of event you are deseribing and when and whera it ‘Then. « = sous ‘The crowd / audience ., sribe the atmosphere, what happened end how people reacted. Itwas a fantastic / disappointing ... ‘on opinion of the entire event in tho closing paragraph. Eee adjectives and adverbs to make your description clearer, your work for mistakes.15 7 EXTRA READING 41 Read the text. Then match the words in bold with the meanings below. 1. have no confidence in somebody or something 2. photographs taken quickly 3, newspapers with short artides and lots of pictures and stories about famous people Following the Famous One day, while the Queen was being driven through London, she heard a loud scream. ‘As she turned her head and reacted to the sound, a photographer captured the moment. Hee reportedly sold the photo for quite a high price. He was also the one who had screamed, in order to attract the Queen’s attention and get his unposed shot. The queen was Queen Victoria, and the year was 1897. By then, the first small, affordable, user-friendly cameras had been invented. These began appearing in the early 1880s and were often advertised as “detective’s cameras” that could be used to take photos of anyone, anywhere and anytime. During that decade, newspapers and magazines began featuring more photographs, including those that one magazine called “Taken Unawares: Snapshots of Celebrated People”. ‘More than 100 years later, the gossip industry is still thriving. Professional paparazzi follow celebrities, politicians, royalty and business leaders, hoping to catch them doing something stupid, illegal or private, orto at least make them react (0 the camer, ‘Also, nowadays, anyone with a mobile-phone camera can take photos and videos of celebrities and sell them fora good price. Furthermore, some British tabloids were recently proved to have published information obtained by illegal, high-tech methods — The wore pore such as hacking into voicemails. from the id pa ‘According to a survey in Britain, over 90% of people mistrust the information in —— photographer tabloids, but that doesn’t seem to have affected their popularity. It’s doubtful that es i rs in Italian tabloid journalism and paparazzi will disappear — unless the public suddenly loses 1950s labo va interest in the private lives of famous people. EE m fa Doles ie 2 Choose the correct answer. 3 Complete the sentences. 1. Aphotographer once succeeded in taking an unposed 1 In the 1880s, more photographs photo of the Queen by . a. driving her through London acreatlng gee rant 2, People want to talxe photos of celebrities because reacting to her driving — telling her she was attractive 3, Ifpeople don't lose interest in celebrities’ public iim 2, ‘Detective's cameras” were. = a. first sold in the 1880s 4 ; 9 Find words inthe text that mean: ¢. small, but dificult to use 1. caught Gines 1-5) = 4. invented in 1897 2 when not expected (ines 6-10) 3, Arecent survey found that... 3, very successful (ines 11-17) i a. people believe more than 90% of what they read in dh ecomaing computeioed infra b. a 10% of people mistrust information in. without permission (ines 11-17) = Tess than le Ease Ca Geer 5, not probable (lines 18-21) . hardly anyone trusts information in tabloids 4. 90% of people believe what they read in tabloidsCHECK YOUR PROGRESS Ate students Book page 44 Vocabulary Choose the correct answer. Pay attention tothe words initalics, 1. People rehearse before / after a performance. 2. When someone gets a lucky break, it means their career vill never / could take of. 3. We always / rarely look up to someone we admire. 4. You can book ticket only before / after a concert is sold out. 5: An enthusiastic audience never / usually claps. 6. Being involved in a scandalis / is not considered to be prestigious ‘Complete the sentences with the eorrect form of the words and phrases below. autograph » interval « costume » cheer « appeal fo be around 4. The dancers wore brightly coloured 2. Lady Gaga's music doesn't me. &. She stopped to talk to some fans, but refused to give her 4. Joe wasn’t enjoying the opere, so he left during the 5. Willyou 6 Weall tomorrow at about noon? when our team scored a goal ‘Complete the passage with the words below. ‘huge hits in the spotlight > outrageous ° rumours for years to come» made it» awards « stood up for No Love for Paparazzi When actress Gwyneth Paltrow and Coldplay's lead singer — Martin met in 2002, both had already and had been living, 2 for years, Paltrow had won several F + including an Oscar for Best Actress, end Coldplay had had many* and had ‘won several Brit and Grammy awards. The paparazzi had. Jbeen hunting them both for years and tabloid newspapers Bad published articles about them full of and lies. This became worse when ‘they began dating. It has continued since they married and Thad two children, and is unlikely to end * Paltrow and Martin, however, are among the celebrities Bebo have” their right to privacy and ‘complained about the® behaviour of ‘paparazzi. Martin was once filmed hitting a paparazzo who ‘was taking shots of him and Paltrow as they left a New York ‘bospital. In the video, he shouts, “You've got to have some ‘se=pect!” That doesn't seem to be alot to ask. UNIT3 Grammar 4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. Use the active, passive or causative form, 1. His musicblog (read) by thousands of people every week. 2. Inever my car (wash), Talways do it myself, 3. Next year, no exams (give) on Fridays. 4. We (not receive) the tickets yet, 5. One of the dancers got hurt while the video (make). 6. The band (just announce) that they are breaking up. 7. This library book Ghould/ return) a month ago. 8 The sound check right now, (do) ‘5 Rewrite the sentences in the passive or causative form. Do not change the original meaning of the sentences. ‘L My parents will drive us to the concert, We 2. He didn't answer any of our questions. None 3, Have they already booked tickets? Have tickets ? 4, Aprofessional does Ms Burge’s makeup. Ms Burge 5, Ishe already designing the lighting effects? Are 2 Writing - & Add the adjectives and adverbs in brackets to the sentences below. Make any necessary changes. 1. His guitar solos were brilliant, He's so talented! Pm jealous. (abit, absolutely) 2, It’s difficult to make such a decision. Genportant, quickly, terribly) 3. That woman over there looks familiar. Isn't she a singer? (famous, quite, beautiful) 31UNIT 4 7 Think Green VOCABULARY *" Words from the Text ‘1 Match the sentences in A to the continuations in B. A 41. Jill was charged with hitting a policeman during a demonstration. 2. She knew she wasn’t guilty of the crime. 3, She appeared in court on Tuesday. 4, There wasa short tral. 5. She wasn't convicted. B 2. During her testimony, the lawyers asked her many questions. b. twas her first time there. c.In addition, they claimed that she'd broken shop windows. d. The judge declared that she was innocent. @. However, she worried that nobody would believe her. 2 Completa the sentences with the words below. wilderness « in shock « treasure « freedom activist + auction 1, He's been an environmental for years, and has recently founded an organisation to save the oceans. 2. We bought our furniture at a London 3. Some people enjoy hiking in the 4, This painting is the museum's most valuable 5. Throughout history, people have fought wars to gain their 6. After the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, people were 3 Choose the correct answer, Pay attention to the words in italics. 1. Outspoken people rarely / often express their opinions. 2, The rain was unexpected, so Thad / hadn't brought an umbrella with me. 3, Drivers must slow down / speed up when they amproach astop sign. 4, She doesn’t face her problems. She always ignores / solves them. 5, Idon’t regret it. It’s pity /T'm so glad I didi. Prefixes Complete the sentences using the prefixes below and the words in brackets. over: © re- © un- « infer» dis- « under-» mis- 1. Young children often (behave). 2. This is one of the most crowded, (populated) cities in the world. 3. The (City) train service is very efficient. 4, When we find ways to (use) things & of throwing them away, thelps the environment. 5, She's not (paid). She earns quite alot. 6, Thope they aren’t planning to develop this beautiful (epoilt) area. 7. My parents (approve) of me staying out late on weekdays. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words below and the profixes un-, dis, im, in-, ik or under. active » polite « develop « estimated » honest « believable complete + legal 1. The drawings still -Idon't want to show: it to you until I've finished it. 2. Isit to smoke in restaurants here? 3 ) ‘ye never been him the truth. 4, This area was completely until about 20 ‘years ago, when people started to build homes here. with him, T've always told 5. Its to interrupt someone in the middle a sentence. 6. Wehad how many people would come t= ‘the meeting, and there weren't enough seats for everyone. 7. His story is How could such a thing awe happened? 8 Some animals are during the day and hhunt in the night.Vocabulary The Environment & Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with the words and phrases below. wildlife « urbanisation « solar power + waste « renewable energy « landfill « smog » deforestation from three cities In recent years, In the future, we will seis is putinto this : isdisappearing has caused anincreaseinthe and moreon because of A amount of here. other forms of 7 7 The following sentences do not make sense, Replace each word in bold with a word in bold from another sentence. 1. Because there was almost no rain last winter, the villagers are suffering from a greenhouse effect. 2. Where is the global warming of the River Nile? 3, Don't throw fuel on the ground. Putiit in the bin. 4, Litter is thought to be responsible for dramatic climate changes throughout the world. 5. The water shortage is created when warm air can't escape the atmosphere. 6. This experimental car uses vegetable oil asa source. Putting It Together _ 8 Complete the passage with the words and phrases below. convicted » activist face « solar-powered + wildlife « wilderness « illegal » deforestation ait se elas In December 1997, Julia Butterfly Hill, an environmental * , began living 55 metres above the ground in a redwood tree in northern California, Her goal as a “tree-sitter” was to prevent a logging company from cutting down the tree ~ and she made sure the world heard about it by using a? mobile phone to speak to reporters. In December 1999, after she had been tree-sitting for over two years, the company agreed to preserve the tree and others nearby. ‘Tree-sitting, which originated in New Zealand in 1978, has been used in many countries to protest against * as well as against threats to* that live in forests and other ® areas, It's not easy, however. Tree-sitters © many challenges and dangers, including bad weather and accidents. In addition, where tree-sitting is ” : tree-sitters risk being ® ofa crime, 9 Complete the sentences so they are true for you. 1. Ithinkit’s impolite to 2. The last time I received an unexpected gift was 8, Iwould be underweight if I weighed less than. ‘ 4, I think teenagers should have the freedom to 5. One of our family treasures is,y GRAMMAR Afersisdenrs Bost page 51 Conditionals, Wish Clauses Choose the correct answer. 1. IE didn’t live so far away from school, Twould ride / will ride my bicycle there. 2. They would have cut down this old tree if people didn’t protest / hadn't protested. 3. Plants die if you will water / water them too much. 4, He wouldn't be so outspoken about this issue unless he thought / thinks it was really important. She will be / would have been upset if she doesn't pass her driving test. 6. If Alan hadn't recommended the documentary, I wouldn't watch / wouldn't have watched it. 7, More people might come to the demonstration if we posted / would post the information on Facebook. 8. Electric cars won't become more popular until they cost / will cost less. Complete the sentencas with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1 Its a pity that there aren't many roof gardens here. If more buildings (have) them, the city (be) prettier and cooler. ‘2. Hurry up! ‘The film starts at 8 o'clock. We (not get) there on time unless we (eave) now! 3, Nobody told me about the meeting. If I (enow) about it, 1 (eight attend). 4, Those old family photos are real treasures. IfT (be) you, I (not throw) them away. . We've just decided how we're going to do our presentation. After Robin (explain) the causes of global warming, I (talk) about its effects. 6. When they year, they the ice. 7. The lecture was interesting, You (enjoy) it if you (come). 8. Ifyou (go out), please (take) the bottles to the recycling (go) to Antarctica next (research) changes in bin, 3 Road the situations. Then write conditional or time claus? sentences using the words given. Make any necessary changes. 1. Don't worry. I won't forget. I /lock/ the door / when /I/leave 2. She loves working at Save the Animals. IE/ she / not underpaid /it/be / a perfect job 3, Why didn’t you tell me that Jake doesn't eat fish? L/not serve / that / last night / if /1/Iknow 4, You should go to bed early tonight. You've got an exams in the morning, Unless / you/ get / enough sleep / you / be tired 5, Idon’t know whether I'm going to the party. T/let you know / as soon as /1/ decide 4 Match the sentences in A to the continuations in B. —A 1. Fm nervous about the test. 2, The test was very easy. 3, Thave to study for the test. 4, [failed the test. 5. Ican't go out tonight. 8 a. Iwish Thadn't. b, Ifonly Icould! cc. [wish I didn't. [wish Iweren't. ¢. Ifonly I had known it would be.5 Complete the passage with the verbs in brackets, Use a suitable form of the conditional, time clause or wish clause. —! Give-or-Take \____— Yesterday, local business leaders held an event called "Give or Take Day". They donated Used computers, desks and other office equipment, and then invited organisations to take {not take) the equipment (might end up) in a landfill. One enthusiastic be) more events like this!” If Mary whatever they wanted — for free. If they " yesterday, it? participant said, “If only there * ‘Smythson, one of the organisers, gets her way, it * often. “I wish we * she said. "We had no idea it would be so successful, When we & thave) our next meeting, we ” near future, | think it® unless more businesses (get) involved.” G Correct the errors. 1. Ifpeople knew the facts, they were more worried about global warming. 2, We don’t finish our project on time unless we work tonight. 8, If Laura hadn't lent me the book, I would buy my own copy. 4, When we get to London, we call you. 5. [didn’t expect it to be sunny. I wish I brought my sunglasses with me. Grammar Review 123456 8 Choose the correct answer. 1. Mark told me everything, He admitted that he cheated / had cheated / had been cheated in the exam last week. 2. If more people used hybrid cars, there will be / would be / is going to be less smog, 3. Apresentation by a whale expert is given / will give / is being given tomorrow at four o'clock. 4. Do you know how many animal species are becoming / will have become / were becoming extinct by the end of 20202 5. Where did you get your passport photo took / taken / take? 6, The wildlife in this area has been protected / had been protected / was protected by law since 1965. 7, John wanted to know how long she had been sitting / was sitting / has been sitting in the tree. 8, wish I couldn't be / weren't / wouldn't be so short. (think) of doing something like this years ago,” (discuss) holding similar events in the tbe) a good idea if we * hold) three or four Give ar Take Days every year. That won't be possible, however, > 7 Translate the sentences into your own language. (happen) more. 1. There wouldn't be so much traffic if the city wast overpopulated. 2. Some countries will face serious social problems people get more freedom. 3, Ifonly there weren't so much smog today. 4, He would have gone to prison if he had been « of the robbery. 5. The municipality will rebuild the houses as soon receives a budget./ SKILLS ‘aierstidenesto0k pages2 Topic Vocabulary Environmental Awareness ‘1 Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to the words in italics. 1 You can / mustn't smoke in places where smoking is banned. 2, She avoided me all day, She really wanted / didn’t want to talk to me, 3, The price of milk was recently reduced from £1.03 to 89p / 89p to £1.03. 4, [need to replace my phone battery, so Il charge it overnight / buy a new one later. 5, The bottle of water had leaked, so it tasted warm / we didn't have much to drink. 6, Several homes were destroyed by the hurricane / renewable energy. 7. Do you know where your town’s main street / rubbish is dumped? 2 Complete the sentences with words below. damage « pollute « threaten + cutdown « supply » exploit dispose of 11. Many new products the latest solar technology, so they're energy-efficient. 2. You'll this old book if you've not careful with it, 3. We will ‘everything you need for the art project. You don't need to bring anything, 4 They're not going to the tree. They just want to cut off some of the heavy branches. 5. What isthe best way to electronic equipment that we don’t want any more? 6, Further development in that area will, the survival of many plant and animal species. 7. Petrol-powered buses the environment far more than electric buses do. @® Speaking Exchanging Information 3 Complete the dialogue with the questions below. How does it help the environment? « Is it being used yet? « Whatare the disadvantages? « What is it? What else can you tell me about it? « What does it look like? ¢ What is it made. of? ‘A: I've just read about a new environmentally-friendly product. B: Really? * A: Ie’sabicycle. 3: Bikes aren’t new. The new one Tread about is different. Why?? Itlooks like an ordinary bike. But it's even better for the environment. @ Per ee It’s made completely from recycled materials, mainly from old bicycle parts. B: * A: Producing new bikes from old ones would reduce the amount of plastic and metal that’s dumped. B: That's true.* A: That’sall IIknow. The article didn't have many details B; & : Idon't think there are any. |A: No, not yet. So far, only a few samples have been made. But the designers hope that the bikes will be available within the next few years. B: Tdlove to get one! 36WRITING AiterStidoats Book pases A Summary ‘1 Replace the expressions in bold with the words below. consequently + unfortunately, « obviously, during « although 1. Despite the fact that hybrid cars have been available for years, petrol-fuelled cars are still more popular. Z 2, It’sa sad fact that most hybrid cars are more expensive than those that use petrol. 3. My parents first met while they were at an Earth Day concert. 4, Itis completely clear that governments are not doing enough about global warming. 5. Forests are being cut down. As a result, animals are losing their natural habitat. 2. Read the text. Then look at the paraphrased sentences and choose the best summary. ‘Ttmight surprise you to learn that the most environmentally friendly | 1. England’s most eco-friendly building i= = building in Englandis a school - the Howe Dell Primary School, in ‘which uses renewable energy sources = Hertfordshire, Besides using solar power and other renewable enorgy recycled materials, sources, the school is furnished with desks made of recycled pipes, iu ‘and has counters made from recycled plastic yoghurt containers. It Pe eee eae — also features a green roof, a collection system for using rainwater in fa Eee stare = a the toilets and a special heating system that exploits heat stored in ‘water pipes when the sun shines. PESTS Read the text bolow. Thon, in your notebook, write a summery, Use 60-80 words. THE PEN GUY ¥ Hundreds of billions of plastic pens are thrown away each year, ending up in landAll, lakes, oceans and rivers At the moment, there's no way to recycle these pens. However, they can be reused for other purposes. Costas Schuler, also known as “The Pen Guy”, promotes reuse of plastic pens. He's prevented more than 110,000 pens from being dumped. When Schuler, a graphic designer in California, became interested in carart, he decided to decorate his car with disposable pens. He first got them from family and friends, and later put pen collection boxes around his town. Eventually, his project attracted publicity and he received pens from people around the world. Over a five-year period, Schuler covered his car~ inside and out ~ with pens, gluing each one on individually. Schuler is curently trying to collect one million pens in order to use them to build “Pentopia’, a place for fun events. He also hopes his example will encourage people to find creative ways to reuse pens. Among his suggestions are decorating furniture with them, and making pen sculptures and “pen-tings”. Compared to the billions of pens thrown away annually, collecting and reusing evena zillion of them might seem unimportant. However, Schuler has helped raise awareness of the problem. Getting Organised Useful Expressions F7. Read th txt carefully ond identity the main ideas ere | Then decide which to include. “Moreover, u. | 2 Paraphrase sentences when possible. Apparent. Toussa 4. Uso connectors to shorten sentences or combine ‘ if sontonces to bo more concise. Inchort, 4. Check your work for mistakes. Obviously, Although7 EXTRA READING 11 Read the text. Then mark the sentence that expresses a fact with F and the one that expresses an opinion with 0. 4. Ceilings and floors were also made of recycled materials. 2, It will be interesting to see what new green technologies they're going to use. Green Skyscrapers A skyscraper is like a small town with about 3,000 residents and thousands of visitors o its offices, hotels, shops, restaurants and cinemas, Think of all the power that it requires! Skyscrapers were once built without considering their environmental impact, but nowadays, they're going green, Construction Materials Aneco-friendly building is constructed with as much recycled material as possible. For example, the 46-storey Hearst Tower in New York City, completed in 2006, was built mainly with recycled steel. Ceilings and floors were also made of recycled materials. The Bank of America Tower, also in ‘New York City, was completed in 2009. The 55-storey building was constructed with concrete that contained waste from metal production. Construction of these buildings used approximately 25% less energy than if non-recycled material had been used. Energy New skyscrapers save energy. Their specially designed windows help keep temperatures comfortable and reduce the need for strong artificial light. The buildings also have sophisticated. eco-friendly cooling and heating systems, and generate some of their own power through solar technologies. In Guangzhou, China, the brand-new 71-storey Pearl River Tower will generate all of its own power from solar panels and built-in wind turbines. Water Nearly every green skyscraper collects rainwater for use in cooling and heating system: bathrooms, to water plants and for decorative fountains. In the Bank of America Tower alone, rainwater usage saves 30 million litres of water annually. co-towers are currently in the planning stages from London to Dubai. It will be interesting to see what new green technologies they will use. 2 Choose the correct answer. 4 Decide ifthe following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Using recycled materials in cor ction Find evidence in the text to justify your answers, : a. costs less than using non-recycled materials 1 Both the Hearst Tower and the Bank of America b. uses a quarter less energy than building with non- ‘Tower were built using recycled materials. recycled materials ¢. requires only 25% of the energy needed to build with non-recycled material : 4. has no effect on the energy costs of construction x Ee cae eeet peda 3 Answer the questions. 1, What are two of the ways that green skyscrapers make their own electricity? Sema, 5 Find words in the text that mean: 2. How does the Bank of America Tower save millions of 1 needs (ines 1-9) ives of water cach year? 2, finished (ines 4-10) 3, produce (lines 11-16) A. every year (lines 17-20) 5. now (lines 21-22)CHECK YOUR PROGRESS Atersuion's Book, pago 56 Vocabulary Choose two correct answers for each question. 1. Renewable energy / The greenhouse effect / Solar power is good for the environment: 2. She always faces / avoids / approaches difficult situations. 3, Ikept her old letters for years, but [finally disposed of / convicted / destroyed them a few months ago, 4. As the population grows, the environment will be harmed by further urbanisation / freedom / deforestation. - Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words ‘below. There ere more words than you need. threaten « replace » auction + leak« guilty «litter outspoken » water shortage smog 1 Ifyou lose a library book, you have to pay to it 2 ‘There are no rubbish bins in this nature reserve, so please take bags for your &. Ithardly rained this year. As a result, there is a 4. He's one of the most critics of the government's environmental policies. 5. Chemicals from a factory into the land ‘years ago. It's still not safe to grow anything there. 6. Many people buy old paintings at _ Complete the passage with the correct form of the words and shrases below. Add prefixes where necessary, cectivists « dump « court unexpected + wilderness xe-donun « spoilt legal Stop Building! A group of citizens is going to totryand stop the Harrisburg municipality from selling empty land to shopping-centre developers. According to one of the* s local resident Tex Witson, "What the municipality wants to do is - They're not allowed to sell town land tunless the residents approve the sale.” Mayor Nina Finch said, “The residents’ objection was totally ® Tes not a beautiful, © area. There aren’t even ny trees there. They were all’ years ago, ‘Since then, i's mainly been a place where people rubbish? Grammar 4 match ato B to form conditional sentences. ae 1. Unless we do more to stop global warming, 2. Ifyouhadn'thelped, 3. If we had more money, 4, Come and talk to me 5, ‘They wouldn’t ask for your advice = a, we wouldn't have this problem, b. ifyouhavea problem, ¢. the problem will get worse. unless there was a serious problem. , wewouldn’t have solved these problems. 5 Complete the mini-dialogues with the correct form of the words in brackets. 1. At Twish | (can drive). B: Assoonas you be) 16, you can start taking lessons. 2. A: It’sa pity you couldn't be at the demonstration, yesterday. B: know. If only I (nothave) a family party! When the next protest against deforestation (take place), Il definitely be there! 8. A: Ie’shot. Twish they (turn on) the air conditioning, B: Me too. But they probably (not do) ‘that until someone complains. 4, Az Iwish I more often, B: Maybe we can go together after we (finish) our exams! Writing Complete the peraphrases withthe words below. There are more words than you need. consequently + unfortunately «during « obviously «although 1. While they were on the tour in Brazil, they savr rare birds, their tour in Brazil, they saw rare birds. 2, It’s sad fact that urbanisation has destroyed the monkeys’ habitat. , urbanisation has destroyed the monkeys’ have) time to go camping habitat. 3, There's no doubt he's an expert on the subject. , he's an expert on the subject. 39UNIT5 7 Nine to Five VOCABULARY ‘AiterStidents Book page 61 Words from the Text ‘Choose the correct answer. Pay attention tothe words inbold. 1 Iesaprivilegeto.... 2 be poor 1b, have so many opportunities 2 in their speeches, politicians often attack their... 2 opponents . supporters 2. Let's switch seats so that... 2 youcan sit next to Brian ] nooneelse can sit here 4 This course challenges me because ... 2 [mot learning anything new & there's so much toleam 5. Ipresumed she was tired because she ..- a toldme b. went to bed very early 6 Every year, hundreds of teenagers rum away... 2. from home b, and win races > She proposed reorganising the office, > and we're considering her suggestions &. soit couldn't be done | Complete the sentences with the words below. confident + substantial « see the point stuff knowledge + raised 4. Nobody speaks Latin any more, 50 I don't of studying it. 2 Hesgotalotof of the subject. 3 She's not that she'll pass the test. 4 Please don’t touch the onmy desk. 5 There's been a. improvement. Things are much better. 6 She was in Mexico, but now lives in New York. Idioms 3 Complete the spooch bubbles with the idioms below. bread and butter « call the shots « make a living worked my way to the top Es a around here! a s € € € € « € « « 4. Write T (true) or F (false) for each sentence. Correct the false sentences, Pay attention tothe idioms in bold. ‘When you 1. get paid peanuts, you eam alot 2.show someone the ropes, you explain and demonstrate things. 2, get the sack, you get a job. 4, hold down ajob, you lose it. § 6 « « « « « € « « « ‘ ‘ ( 4 { ( ( { ' ' { { { { | 5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the idioms from Exercises 3 and 4. 1.1 Don't worry. Ina few days, you'll be able to manage on your own. 2, She's a dancer, but teaching exercise classes is her 3. His job , sohis parents help by giving him some money every month. 4, [hate doing this project with Mel. He's trying to and tell the est of us what todo. 5, He’sa bank dlerk because he can’t from his music.re ae eee, Topic Vocabulary Work and Jobs 6 Choose the correct answer. 1. He does occasional shifts / odd jobs / full-time jobs, like house-painting, 2. Her shift / rise / staff is from 4pm to midnight. 3. He decided not to promote / resign / fire from his job. 4. T've gota complaint. Iwant to speak to the manager, or whoever is well paid / self-employed / in charge here. j 5. We get paid more when we work overtime / part time / shifts, so | don’t mind staying a few hours later. 7 is 6. Our company is doing very well, so we are giving all our employees a staff / full-time job / rise. fa 7 Complete the sentences in A with the words below. Then match the sentences in A with the continuations in B, art time + full-time job » run a business « get training + promote A B LI of my own, a. Instead, they fired me! 2.Tvegota at a large publishing company. b, Ilike being self-employed. 3. I thought they were going to me. c. Imon the staff there. 4. Iwork only : 4. After that, [hope to get a steady job. 5. Iwant to in computer programming. . However, I'm quite well paid. __.Putting It Together 8 Complete the passage with the words and phrases below. staff* make a living + challenge « presumes in charge knowledge » steady job + fied » substantial Sorter ( Aim for Sciencel | sinh Until 2011, Jacklyn Duff had a* She was on the ? of NASA, the ‘American space agency, * of electrical engineering for the space shuttle Endeavour. Then, With the end of the space shuttle programme, she and many other workers got © Out of work, Duff decided to spend a few months visiting schools around the US to encourage greater interest in maths and science. Along with her * and enthusiasm, she brought fun activities to c the students. She also talked to them about the many exciting ways scientists can _ including designing theme-park rides and creating delicious snacks and sweets Duff® that her activities will influence some of the students she has met. When she was ei years old, a speaker came to her school to talk about outer space. The lecture had a ° impact ‘on Duff it made her determined to join the space programme when she grew up ~a dream she eventually fulfilled 9 Complete the sentences so they are true for you. 1. [don’t see the point of 2, My mother was raised 3, It is aprivilege to 4, I've got too much stuff in my . 5, [don't think I could hold down a job ifit were :GRAMMAR Aterstidents Boot, ane 2 Relative Clauses, Formal and Informal Structures cchocse the.correct answer, Then tick the sentences inwhich 3 Combine the sentences using defining of non-defining relative the relative pronoun can be omitted. clauses. Make any necessary changes. 1. On Monday, when / that / which was my first day 1 Tread her CV. It's impressive. at works, woke up very carly. 2 The office that / which / where he'll be workings 2, People are often angry and depressed afterwards. They in north London. awe fired, 3. Lunch houris the only time when / which / where Ican make personal phone cals. 3, That's the new car factory. They make electric cars there. 4. The company director is Sue Johnson, who / whose / which father established the company. 4, My brother's shift ends at 5.00 am. The sun is just 5. Are you going to apply for the job where / who / starting to rise then. that Ken told youabout? 6. Everyone who / which / when works here gets ‘raining for the job. 5. They didn’t receive the email. I sent ityesterday. 7. My great-grandmother became a doctor in the 1930s, where / that / when very few women 6. My sister wants to be a lawyer. She is 16. studied medicine. & Diplomas for students where / whose / which last names begin with G are at table 2 7. We aren't considering candidates. Their applications are late. complete the sentences with the relative pronouns wo, ‘esse, vehose, where or wien. Then tick the sentences in ‘Sich the relative pronoun can be replaced by that 8, Jake can afford his own flat. His salary is higher than 1. Hforgot the name of the woman xine showed me the ropes. 2. We always need more staff in the summer, 4. Combine the sentences using first the formel structure and is our busiest time. ‘then the informal structure. 3. [can't meet you until five oclock, I 1. This is the information. You will be tested on it. finish work. 4, Film director Steven Spielberg, work includes E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial, made his frst flm 3 Ste leek Deal 2. The department haa large staff. She was in charge of 5. thad acold on the day Thad my job interview. ee my mum works foris 3, The people work ata high-tech company, Thad lunch eS with them today. 7, Smith’s Shoes, Thad my first job, is having a great sale. 4. The woman was his boss. He was gossiping about her. 5. The topics are complex. She writes about them. GERACE TAATAAA AAA i ee5 Complete the Passage wit suitable relative pronouns. There maybe more than one amin Celebrities’ First Jobs Can you imagine Brad Pitt as someone ' moves fridges or Madonna as someone to fe you give your order at @ doughnut shop? Believe it or not, Pitt and Madonna, 4 ‘are two of the world’s highest-paid stars, once held these and other jobs during the d ) ) ) ) , , S years they were struggling to make it. And they/re definitely not the only ones. ; © Most people * goal is a career in the arts have to do other kinds of work to earn money. Stephen King, ® books are international bestsellers, didn't start making a living from his © writing until 1974,” his novel Carrie was published. Before that, he did odd jobs and } worked briefly as a high-school English teacher. J K Rowling wrote part ofthe fst Hany Potter book while living in Portugal, ® she taught English ina language school. IF your aim is to be. singer, actor, writer or other kind of artist, you should also think about practical ways by® you can make money until you get your lucky break , & Correctthe errors. 7 Translate the sentences into your own languag } 1. May s the month when we hire people to work during 1. Idon't see the point of resigning from a job which ; thesummer then. is well paid. a. } 2, The job for that you applied is no longer available. 2. Mark, who dropped out of school, only does od jobs and gets paid peanuts. : 3. Their office, which it is quite large, is in Dean Street. = ) 3. Weare a company whose employees get training. ony . six months. £ | 4. The college where I study there offers alot of engineering classes. = 4, Last Tuesday, when Glen was promoted, he invited the | _ 5. Theman who house Tam painting also wants me to do whole staff out. some odd jobs. = 5. Laura's father got the sack from the shop where he had worked allhis life. ESS Review avec 8 Complete the o-mail with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Where there is no verb, use a suitable relative pronoun. ‘There may be more than one possible answer. Fairy, a (not receive) an e-mail from you since last week. | presume all your time ? evote) f=) epplications. hope that by the end of the month, you * (heat) from some of the companies a you applied to. | have a feeling you > (offer) 3 great job soon. If were an employer, definitely (hie) you! Ween believe it, but | finally” my hair (cut). And I've just started a career planning Gee = school. The teacher, * is excellent, will be giving us tests * are supposed to He our skils and abilities Bye c;, Mum complained that you © (not come) home for the holiday the weekend before. | wish you E (be) here, too.SKILLS Atter Student's Book, page 65 Topic Vocabulary Personal Characteristics 1 jhe following sentences do not make sense. Replace each word in bold with @ word in bold from another sentence. +4 Youmiust be organised for the exam. No one who arrives late will be admitted. © She thinks she's very punctual, but she still acts lke a child sometimes. & Tmsorry, but we only hire people who are already cooperative at making different kinds of coffee. 4 Don't ever depend on Sam. He's not very mature, 5 El were more reliable, [ would waste less time looking for things. © He was skilled, He didn't mind answering my questions. 2 Complete the sentences with the words or phrases below. Jes.got common sense « hard-working + people skills « experienced + team player seork well under pressure + dedicated 1 Allthe projects are donein groups, so if you're not a , you won't enjoy working here. 2 She's so to her job that she hasn't got much time for a personal life, 5. Iewas the wrong job for me, There was too much to do, and it all had to be done so fast. Ljust don't 4 Anyone who can do this job. 5. Tmnot at programming computers yet, but I'm getting training right now. 5. He shouldn't be working in customer service. He's got no 7 Robyn and her sister are so different. Robyn is , buther sisteris lazy. Mp Speaking AJob Interview choose the correct response to each question. 4. Complete the dialogue with the questions below. What are your plans for the future? May | ask what the salary would be? 2 Whet would you say are your best characteristics? 2. Tlearn quickly, 'm hard-working and ve got good people skills What work experience have you got? bs. I've had experience as both a waiter and a sales When did you finish school? assistant. What are the working hours? 2 Could you tell me about the job? 2 tein the Camden branch office Ferpleyer: It mainly involves answering e-mails from Carol: Well, {haven't had a job before, but I'm a customers. at the library. Employer: Well, that’s great experience for worl S. May Lask what the salary would be? bookshop. By the way, a. The frst year, you'll get three weeks of holiday time. b. £2,500 month. 4. Why do you think you'd be good at this job? 2. I've got excellent computer programming skills, and I've already designed two computer games for earning maths. b, Td really like to see what banking is like. Carol: Two weeks ago. 2 see. And* : Yes, Ihave. * + Well, they'll vary every week. It's a part-time job, Tilbe applying to university next year. Sounds good. Carol, have you got any questions? with morning, afternoon or evening shifts. ‘That's fine.* ‘We pay five pounds an hour. Are you interested? Definitely. Great! Can you start on Monday?WRITING Aterswtonts Book page 67 A Formal Letter 1 Complete the sentences with the connectors of purpose Selow. There may be more than one possible answer. #2 in oriler (not) to » 50.as (not) fo « so that ‘1 Tm working hard save up money fora trip to China. 2 Tm getting training in cooking nL beable to gota job in a restaurant. 3 You must be well organised forget anything 4 He has to work overtime complete the project on time. 5. We're checking the information carefully make mistakes, = The sentences below are from formal lotters. Choose the most suitable answers, 1 Tam/T'm currently attending a training programme in computer repair 2 would be happy to attend an interview at a time that is good / convenient for you. 5. Ilo forward to hearing from youn the near future / really soon. 4 Ifyou would like further information, give me a call / Tcan be reached at 471-5293, 5. Write soon! / Yours faithfully, Mike Ronalds 6. Thope you will consider my application! /. UNITS 3. Complete the letter of application with the words and phrases below. consider « look forward fo « would lke » yours faithfully quite confident « contact « well suited + position 7 Redeiife Gardens London sw10 15th August, 2012 Personnel Manager Fitness Club West 9 Old Church Street London sw3 Dear Sir/ Madam, |.am virting in response to your advert. |! to apply forthe 2 ‘of personal trainer. Lams that 1am + to the work at Fitness Ciub West. | am a certifed yoga and Pilates instructor, and am experienced in teaching people of various ages and abilities. in adkition, | am currently studying for 2 degroo in Health and Fitness at Barnet Calloge. hope you wil seriously & ~ me for the position. | have enclosed my CV. It you require acitional information, you can * me at 787-1982. If hearing from you in the near future. David Moore SEZTLG In your notobook, write a letter of epplication for the job below. Use 100-150 words. Trendy Fashion needs sales assistants for our four new branches! Requirements | + at least 18 years old + fluent in English * good people skills + cooperative All successful applicants must complete a full week's training Programme, and be willing to work shifts. Send your CV and application letter to: Gina Grant Trendy Fashion "City Road Bristol BS4 or ‘endyfashionamet.com Getting Organised 1. Use the correct format for a formal letter. 2. State your reason for writing. 8. Outline your relevant personal details and qualifications. 4, End yourleter wit a suitable closing statement. 5. Use appropriate formal language. 6. Check your work for mistakes. Useful Expressions Dear Sir/Madam, hope you will considermy Tamvnitingin response to... application favourably Twould like to apply for Hook forward to you reply. Teen wal abel. Yours fthflly 45