IOT and M2M in Different Sectors/ Smart Cities

SACHIN JAIN
SENIOR RESEARCH ENGINEER
CENTRE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TELEMATICS
What is IOT/M2M ?
M2M Definition
Wikipedia defines M2M as:
 Machine to machine refers to direct communication between devices using
any communication channel, including wired and wireless.
 Machine to machine communication can include industrial instrumentation, enabling
a sensor or meter to communicate the data it records (such as temperature, inventory
level, etc.) to application software that can use it (for example, adjusting an industrial
process based on temperature or placing orders to replenish inventory).

IoT Definition
Wikipedia defines IOT as:
 The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices,
mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with
unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a network without
requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction
So IOT is …
IOT– Key Drivers and Objectives
 Drive Internal Efficiencies:
▪ Predictive Maintenance
How do I lower my machinery downtime ?
▪ Real Time monitoring
▪ Operations optimisations
▪ Reduced Equipment Downtimes
 Improve product and customer experience:
▪ Product usage analytics Who are my customers ?
What products they
▪ Personalized product offerings actually use ?
▪ Improved product development
 New services and Business model
▪ Usage based new business models
▪ New service offerings How to implement usage based models ?
▪ Remote monitoring
So what is Internet of Things with the
perspective of Use Cases
The Internet of Things is the INTELLIGENT CONNECTIVITY of
Physical Devices driving massive gains in
1. Efficiency
2. Business Growth and
3. Quality of Life
Use cases of Internet of Things
Use Cases for IoT/M2M

 Industrial IoT – Predictive Maintenance

 Mobility – Vehicle Tracking and Management

 Agriculture – Smart farming

 Smart Street Light

 Smart Building

 Emergency Call Navigation

Industrial IoT- Predictive Maintenance
Predictive Maintenance on Thousands of Machines in Real Time

 Sensors on the Industrial Machinery measure various parameters

like temperature, humidity , power etc. to collect data in order to
monitor the health of the machines .
 Analyzing the data to proactively identify the issues and fix them
before they break.
 Improved predictive maintenance helps in reduction of Equipment
downtime by up to 50%.

So Predictive maintenance using IoT → Improved efficiency

Mobility - Vehicle Tracking & Management
Using Predictive Maintenance to improve Performance and Reduce Fleet Downtime

 Monitor the health of the trucks in real time in order to minimize downtime

 Collect the location of the trucks for tracking them

 Collect data from the engine, brakes etc. of the truck to identify and correct

the problems early and increase fleet uptime.

Usage Pattern : Temperature, Voltage etc.

 Reduced Maintenance cost

IoT in Agriculture Industry
 Smart farming based on IoT technologies will enable growers and farmers
to reduce waste and enhance productivity ranging from the quantity of
fertilizer utilized to the number of journeys the farm vehicles have made.
So, what is smart farming?
 In IoT-based smart farming, a system is built for monitoring the crop field
with the help of
✓ sensors (light, humidity, temperature, soil moisture, etc.) and
✓ automating the irrigation system.
 The farmers can monitor the field conditions from anywhere. IoT-based
smart farming is highly efficient when compared with the conventional
approach
 In terms of environmental issues, IoT-based smart farming can provide great
benefits including more efficient water usage, or optimization of inputs and
treatments.
 So Smart Farming based on IoT technologies will enable growers and
farmers to reduce waste and enhance productivity
 Smart Street Light

Energy Saving from

 Lighting level adjusted to sunlight intensity

 Lighting level adjusted to traffic density

 Dimming and extending life of luminaries

 Central Monitoring and reporting of each individual street light

 Based on health checks, detection of faulty Street Lights.

As electricity prices continue to rise, more and more government organizations are switching toward
connected (smart) street lights to reduce operational costs while improving safety and efficiency.
Smart Building

 Air pollution measurement and alerts to the residents.

 Smart Power Management across the building and metering.

 Smart water Management and metering

 Smart bins to detect overflow of garbage from bins.

 Smart fire detection technologies and prevention of fire incidents.

 Predictive maintenance of equipment

Emergency Call Navigation

 Smart navigation of Emergency vehicles in case of a fire in a smart building

equipped with smart sensors.
 More efficient and faster navigation based on location of incident and position of
emergency vehicle.
 Indication of warning by controlling the traffic lights on the route of Emergency
vehicle.
 Alert to the residents of such incidents and smart navigation to safer places.
Some IoT USECASE
Deployment examples
Miami International Airport

 Miami International Airport, one of the busiest US airports (over 21

million passengers in 2015) has deployed Internet-connected sensors
and IoT apps to provide detailed information to passengers based on
their location and needs (the MIA mobile app for Android and iOS
relies on a network of 400 beacons that transmit location information
throughout the airport).
 For passengers, the app provides personalized directions through to
airport and helps them find restaurants, services and baggage
carousels based on their location.
Patient Monitoring

 Using AMC Health’s mobile patient monitoring solution, an active

pregnant woman who needs to track her blood sugar can use a
mobile device to communicate readings from her glucometer at any
time and any place she chooses,
 This information is stored securely in the cloud. Her care provider
has 24/7 access to her information and can determine whether she,
her baby or both are at risk.
 Using this information, the woman’s health care provider can
provide more timely and appropriate care for the benefit of both
mother and baby.
John Deere – the tractor company

 John Deere – the tractor company , is taking the Internet of

Things out into the field by developing new technologies and
embracing existing ones to boost the efficiency of prepping,
planting, feeding and harvesting with the goal of improving per-
acre crop yields.
 John Deere has fitted its tractors sold globally with sensors.
 This helps the company update the farmer if a moving part of
the tractor or the harvester is likely to fail, around one month
before the event.
 The device on the equipment connects via Wi-Fi to the Internet
and from there to the cloud.
 Smart Hotel Rooms - Hilton Hotels
This might be a little new to you but hotel chain like Hilton are eyeing on the
potential of the Internet of things to create better travel and stay experiences to
its customers.
 Replacing card-based door keys with smartphone apps, Hilton ensures to
deliver better safety and security to rooms by allowing you to show your
smartphone to the room locks to enter.
 Similarly, the heating and lighting systems are connected to the Internet to
enable a personalized experience to visitors. With this feature, you can set
lighting according to your preferences and control the temperatures of the
heater as well.
 Besides, you can also check in easily and get more information on hotel deals
and travel suggestions. Who doesn’t want peace of mind during a vacation!
 You can also control the channel of your TV, with your smart phone .
 You can save your preferences for your ideal hotel room through the app,
meaning these preferences will be automatically applied to your room once
you have checked in.
 Forecast about Global IoT Market Share

According to GrowthEnabler Report “The global IoT market will grow to $457B by 2020, attaining a
Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 28.5%. According to GrowthEnabler & MarketsandMarkets
analysis, the global IoT market share will be dominated by three sub-sectors; Smart Cities (26%), Industrial IoT
(24%) and Connected Health (20%). Followed by Smart Homes (14%), Connected Cars (7%), Smart Utilities (4%)
and Wearables (3%).”
Why Cities become the point of focus?
POPULATION  2.5 billion people to be added to the world’s urban population by
1950 2050
URBAN
 90% of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa
33%  India, China and Nigeria – together are expected to account for 35
% of the growth in the world’s urban population between 2018 and
RURAL
67% 2050
 India is projected to add 416 million urban dwellers, China 255
million and Nigeria 189 million
 Number of mega-cities has nearly tripled since 1990
POPULATION
 By 2030:
2050
• 41 urban agglomerations are projected to house at least 10 million
RURAL inhabitants each.
• Tokyo to remain the world’s largest city with 37 million
URBAN inhabitants
• Delhi population is projected to rise swiftly to 36 million.
Smart City
 The specific challenges posed by this massive urbanization range from physical: air
pollution and waste, health issues, lack of transport and living space; to economic
and societal: unemployment, price instability, resource scarcity and integration.
 The primary goal of a Smart City therefore is to counteract these challenges and mitigate
their effects by means of modern ICT to improve urban administration and infrastructure
 “Smart City” in a basic way is, a city having a basic infrastructure and it uses smart
solutions to ensure that these infrastructure and services are better and rely on a
management based on the category of area.
 The Smart City is about various kinds of public amenities and infrastructure connecting
using dense wireless sensor networks and harmonizing to efficiently run the city.
 The communication world will a have huge shift towards machines rather than humans.
 The concept of Smart Cities is about connecting multiple low power digital devices with
each other to efficiently run our home, offices and other places which is the logical
culmination of the Internet of Things.
 In a Smart City, the potential for IoT use cases is
vast

Smart water Smart lighting Smart traffic Smart parking

Save time for Optimize traffic flow Better utilization of assets,

Make more
maintenance crews and using traffic signals, the including parking spaces and
informed decisions,
save fuel costs– number of vehicles and enforcement staff, by
protect city’s water
from driving around pedestrians providing real-time parking
supply and prevent
town to find and availability info
water waste
replace broken bulbs

Continued . . .
Smart industry Smart buildings

Enable easier tracking of Optimize building electricity

transport and logistics flows, usage with motion sensor lights
not only for one industry, but which can dim or shut off when a
multi-industry (e.g., retail, oil, room is empty
shipping, etc.)

Location/context based services

Smart environment

Provide real-time city event info;

Monitor air quality, pollution leverage GPS locations and combine
and other weather conditions with the user profiles to find a
such as temperature and suitable parking spot
humidity
Smart Cities as super application domain of IoT
Smart City : Objective and Strategy
The objective of the Smart Cities Mission is to promote cities that provide core
infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its citizens, a clean and sustainable
environment and application of 'Smart' Solutions. The focus is on sustainable and
inclusive development.
 Creating walkable localities –reduce congestion, air pollution and resource depletion,
boost local economy, promote interactions and ensure security
 Promoting a variety of transport options - Transit Oriented Development (TOD),
public transport and last mile para-transport connectivity
 Making governance citizen-friendly and cost effective - increasingly rely on online
services to bring about accountability and transparency, especially using mobiles to
reduce cost of services and providing services without having to go to municipal
offices.
 Applying Smart Solutions to infrastructure and services in area-based development
in order to make them better. For example, making Areas less vulnerable to disasters,
using fewer resources, and providing cheaper services.
Smart City ICT Aspects

 Majority of Smart City ICT objectives can be met by the following ways:
▪ By use of sensors/actuators
▪ By Web based portals and associated applications
 Majority of the smart City Solutions have been implemented so far using
proprietary solutions
 Integrated Command and Control Centre in these smart cities have been provided
as the common operations and maintenance hub.
Challenges faced by the City Authorities
 Interoperability : Due to non-standardised proprietary implementations the
devices and applications do not interoperate; giving rise to higher TCO
 Data Sharing : Siloed Nature of the Applications make sharing of data amongst
divergent applications very difficult and controlled by the Application Provider(s)
 Vendor Lock-In : All the applications are deployed and controlled by a single
vendor. New Application onboarding difficult
 Security : Device Security, Authentication, Communication Security, Data
Integrity, Data Privacy, Lawful Interception
 Device Ownership : Ownership of the devices communicating, KYC/KYM
 No Contextualisation of IoT and Non-IoT Data
Q. What’s the Solution?
A. Standardization
Need For Standardization
 So far the IoT/M2M industry is vertical Centric and the Telecom Network is
merely used as a transport. However, these networks may need to be optimised to
cater for these new solutions which have very different behaviour from what is
currently prevailing.
 Standardization is required in order to deliver cost-effective IoT/M2M solutions,
and allow this market to take off.
 Many component-level standards already exist but each is optimised for a
particular application scenario and there is therefore a degree of fragmentation.
 Contrary to popular misconception, the standardised approach does not inhibit
innovation or IPR creation.
 Now, efforts are being made by SDOs like OneM2M to bring all these pieces
together, and identify the standardization gaps which exist.
C-DOT’s Common Service Platform - CCSP
 oneM2M standards based Common Service layer/ Middleware
 Enables standards based M2M communication.
 Caters to the common requirements of the M2M applications across various
verticals/industries like transport, health , water and electricity etc.
 Allows interoperability by acting as a service between the data
collection/acquisition and the data consumer applications
 CCSP contains services such as
❖ Registration
❖ Data Management and Repository
❖ Group Management
❖ Discovery
❖ Subscription and Notification
❖ Device Management
❖ Location
❖ Security
CCSP Benefits to Applications

The availability of a horizontal Common Service Layer

 Enables develop standardized applications with ease,

 significantly reduces the application development time

 spur the growth of M2M/ IOT based start-ups

Thank You