Seminar on Ensuring Safe Design and Construction - Gearing UP for The Future

Safety Barrier & Cladding Works –

Design Requirements & QP’s
Responsibilities

Er. Tay Ah Ching

Principal Engineer
Policy & Regulations Department
2015
 Agenda
• Submission requirements

Safety Barrier

Cladding Works
• Responsibilities under the Act
• Common non-compliance items
• Conclusion
Submission Requirements
 Submission Requirements
• Approved Document

Section B Structural Design & Construction

Section H Safety from Falling

Section N Use of Glass at Height
Approved Document Section B
Glass
• ASTM 1300
• AS 1288
• Reference published by IStructE -
Structural use of glass in buildings
Approved Document Section H
Approved Document Section N
 BS 6180: 2011
• Continuous handrail
attachment for free standing
glass barrier

• Laminated glass can be used

where the glass is used fully
framed

Where the glass is not fully framed,
manufacturer should be consulted
 Adoption of structural Eurocodes
• Safety Barrier & Cladding Works

Structural design to base on BS EN 1999 Design of aluminium
structures and UK Annexes
BS EN 1999 is subdivided in 5 parts:
- Part 1 -1 General structural rules
- Part 1-2 Structural fire design
- Part 1-3 Structures susceptible to
fatigue
- Part 1-4 Cold-formed structural
sheeting
- Part 1-5 Shell structures

UK National Annexes

PD 6702 -1 & PD 6705-3

 Adoption of structural Eurocodes
• Structural design to base on BS EN 1999 Design of aluminium
structures and UK Annexes
 Adoption of structural Eurocodes
• BS EN 1999 and the corresponding BS 8118 to be withdrawn
Adoption of structural Eurocodes
BS 8118 BS EN 1999
Adoption of structural Eurocodes
BS 8118 BS EN 1999
Adoption of structural Eurocodes
BS 8118 BS EN 1999
Adoption of structural Eurocodes
BS 8118 BS EN 1999
Adoption of structural Eurocodes
BS 8118 BS EN 1999
Adoption of structural Eurocodes
BS 8118 BS EN 1999
Adoption of structural Eurocodes
BS 8118 BS EN 1999
Adoption of structural Eurocodes
BS 8118 BS EN 1999
 IStructE Publication -
Structural Use of Glass in Buildings
 IStructE Publication -
Structural Use of Glass in Buildings
• More descriptions on tempered and laminated glass

• Post-failure behaviour of laminated glass

To use ionoplast-based interlayer
which has a greater tensile capacity

• Adopting limit state theory for the design of

structural glass elements.

Design stress is based on material partial factor of the glass
and other partial factors that relate to the glass geometry
and type of load is being applied to it
 IStructE Publication -
Structural Use of Glass in Buildings
 IStructE Publication -
Structural Use of Glass in Buildings
Responsibilities Under The Act
Duties of Qualified Person - Design
Duties of Qualified Person-
Supervision
Duties of Qualified Person -
Supervision
Duties of Qualified Person
 Duties of Qualified Person
Provisions on Design
• Section 9(1)(a)
– to ensure that the building
works are designed in
accordance with the Act and
requirements prescribed in
the regulations
Provision on Supervision
• Section 7 (1)(a)
– all building works shall be
carried out under the
supervision of an appropriate
qualified person
• Section 9(4)(a)
– take all reasonable steps and
exercise due diligence in
supervising and inspecting
the building works to ensure
that those building works are
being carried out in
accordance with the Act,
regulations and approved
plan
 Duties of Qualified Person
Contravention under Design
• Section 9(8)
– A fine not exceeding
$200,000 or to imprisonment
for a term not exceeding 2
years or to both;
– For continuing contravention,
an additional fine not
exceeding $1,000 for each
day or part thereof the
qualified person fails to
comply with the requirement
Contravention under Supervision
• Section 7 (3)
– A fine not exceeding $200,000 or
to imprisonment for a term not
exceeding 2 years or to both;
– For continuing contravention, to an
additional fine not exceeding
$1,000 for each day or part thereof
the contravention continues,
• Section 9(9)
– A fine not exceeding $100,000 or
to imprisonment for a term not
exceeding 2 years or to both;
– For continuing contravention, to
an additional fine not exceeding
$1,000 for each day or part thereof
the qualified person fails to comply
with the requirement,
Common Non-compliance Items
 Common WD Items

≠
3M™ Safety and Security Window Films Laminated Glass
 Common WD Items
• For all glass panels acting as barrier, laminated glass shall be used

• For free standing glass panel barrier, there shall be continuous

handrail/ capping attached to glass panel according to section 8.5 of
BS 6180 and fixing details shall be provided
 Common WD Items

For free standing glass barrier, when small capping is used, to
check for high stress at turning point of capping which might
not be adequate considering the failure of 1 glass panel
 Common WD Items
• Inappropriate Horizontal Loadings used

BS 6399: Part 1 Table 4, BS 6180 Table 2 or NA to SS EN 1991

For residential buildings & barriers at building edge, HL of
0.74kN/m line UDL shall be used instead of 0.36kN/m line UDL

• Detailed plan not tally with design calculation

Calculation showed steel railing whereas plan showed wrought
iron or SS railing

• Incomplete Design/Details

Missing connection design/ details

Inadequate load factors
 Common WD Items
• To include material list showing profiles/sizes/thickness/
computation of sections of aluminium extrusion (mullion and
transom/sill) used

• To indicate types of curtain wall system used: stick system, semi-

unitised system or unitised system

• Both (+) and (–) wind pressures are considered in the analysis and
design
 Common WD Items
• For SSG curtain wall, to indicate sealant bite and thickness on
typical mullion and transom details
• To indicate frequency, type of tests to be carried out for
critical joints (curtain wall frame to main structures and
member to member), pull out tests for cast in bolts and ...etc

Structural
Structural sealant sealant
 Common WD Items
• For stone cladding, to ensure adequate stone thickness and
mechanical fixing to be used
• Porous stone should not be used externally
Site Audit – Safety Barrier

Site audit carried out at landed development project

 Site Audit – Safety Barrier

Continuous capping not provided and not according to approved plan

Site Audit – Safety Barrier

No submission of full height glass barrier

Site Audit – Stone Cladding

Site audit carried out at commercial project

Site Audit – Stone Cladding

Approved plan showed 1200x600x20thk

marble stone, supported by 4 nos. Φ4mm
SS pins and 50x50x6 brackets.
Site Audit – Stone Cladding

Φ 2.5mm pin

50x50x3mm bracket

Size of bracket and pin not tally with approved plan

Conclusion
 Conclusion

Better understanding on the submission
requirements for the safety barrier and cladding
works
• To improve the barrier/ curtain wall submission

To use latest edition of IStructE design guide -

Structural Use of Glass in Buildings
 Conclusion

For aluminium structures, design and detailing to
base on BS EN 1999 and UK Annexes for projects
where the 1st ST plans are submitted on or after 1
Apr 2015

Know your responsibilities under the BC Act, and

perform your duties as QP due diligently
Thank You