Service.

Self-study programme 305

The 2.5 l R5 TDI engine

Design and function

 The 2.5 l 5-cylinder in-line TDI engine with pump
injection system represents a new generation of
5-cylinder diesel engines.
The primary development goal was to use the
engine in various models (transverse and
longitudinal mounting) with a high power
density.
The engine is used in the Transporter 2004 with
an output of 96 kW and 128 kW, and in the
Touareg with an output of 128 kW.
The engines in the Transporter 2004 and in the
Touareg differ particularly in respect to their
adaptations for transverse and longitudinal
mounting.

305_018 305_038

Transporter 2004 – transverse mounting Touareg – longitudinal mounting

We will present to you the design and function of the new 2.5 l R5 TDI engine on the following pages.

NEW Important
Note

This self-study programme shows the design For the latest testing, adjustment and repair
and function of new developments! instructions, please refer to the relevant
The contents will not be updated. service literature.

2
Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Technical features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Engine mechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Cylinder block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Warp anchor principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Cylinder head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Pump injectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Crankshaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Pistons and conrods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
Gear train . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Ancillary units drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Oil filter module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Oil pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Coolant circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Exhaust system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Exhaust gas recirculation cooler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Engine management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

System overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Functional diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Test your knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3
 Introduction

Technical features

The engine is a new development.

The development goals were:

– compact design to allow longitudinal and

transverse mounting
– performance gain to 128 kW
– low weight, for example by using an
aluminium cylinder block
– low maintenance requirements, for example
by using a maintenance free gear train
– soiling resistant ancillary units drive
– low number of sealing faces, for example by
using a modular design
– Crossflow cylinder head with pump injection
305_055
system

Technical features - engine mechanics Technical features - engine management

– Cylinder block with plasma-coated – Torque-oriented Bosch EDC 16 engine

cylinder faces management system

– Single plane gear train with short installation – Pump injection system
length
– Variable geometry turbocharger
– Crossflow cylinder head (electro-pneumatic)

– Crankshaft with integral vibration damper

– Upright oil filter module with paper filter

element and integrated oil cooler

– The 3-phase AC alternator and the

air conditioner compressor are driven by
elastic drive couplings

– Exhaust gas recirculation

4
Technical data

Power/torque graph

2.5 l/96 kW – AXD 2.5 l/128 kW – AXE and BAC

Output (kW)

Output (kW)
Torque (Nm)

Torque (Nm)
Speed (rpm) 305_017 Speed (rpm) 305_001

Engine codes AXD Transporter 2004 AXE Transporter 2004

BAC Touareg - longitudinal mounting
Type 5-cylinder in-line engine
Displacement 2460 cm3
Bore 81 mm
Stroke 95.5 mm
Compression ratio 18.0 : 1
Valves per cylinder 2
Firing order 1-2-4-5-3
Max. output 96 kW at 3500 rpm 128 kW at 3500 rpm
Max. torque 340 Nm at 2000 rpm 400 Nm at 2000 rpm
Engine management Bosch EDC 16
Idling speed 800 rpm
Fuel Diesel (minimum 49 CN)
Exhaust gas aftertreatment Exhaust gas recirculation, main catalyst
Exhaust emission standard EU 3

The performance difference between the 96 kW variant and the 128 kW variant is due to
software modifications to the engine control unit and differences in the design
of the exhaust gas turbocharger.
5
 Engine mechanics

Cylinder block

The cylinder block is made from a high-strength

aluminium alloy using the low pressure
permanent mould casting method.

The cylinder blocks for the Transporter 2004 and

the Touareg differ in particular in respect to their
starter configuration.

– Where the engine is transversely mounted

(Transporter 2004), the starter is mounted on
the gearbox side.
– Where the engine is longitudinally mounted
(Touareg), the starter is mounted on the
engine side - which is why a starter mounting
is cast on here. 305_007

Plasma-coated cylinder faces

The cylinder faces of the 2.5 l R5 TDI engine are

plasma-coated. This means that a coating
Plasma jet with
powder is applied to the cylinder wall with a Plasma burner
coating powder
plasma burner. As a result, there is no need for
cylinder liners in the aluminium cylinder block.

This has the following advantages:

– weight reduction compared to press-fitted

cylinder liner made from grey cast iron
– more compact dimensions due to a
smaller distance between the cylinder bores
than in the previous production engine with
grey cast iron cylinder block 305_019
– reduced wear through use of the plasma-
Cylinder face
coated cylinder face

6
Warp anchor principle Cylinder head

To avoid stresses and to ensure an optimal Cylinder head bolt

cylinder shape, the cylinder head and the
cylinder block are bolted together by tie bolts.
Sliding sleeve
The connection is made by means of sliding
sleeves in the cylinder block. The sliding sleeves
are placed in the cylinder block and locked
against rotation.
The sliding sleeve accepts the cylinder head bolt Cylinder block
from one side and the tie bolt from the other
side.
Tie bolt

305_006
Cylinder head bolt

305_022

The removal and installation procedures, as well as the tightening sequence of the warp
anchors and cylinder head bolts, are described in the workshop manual.

7
 Engine mechanics

Cylinder head

The aluminium cylinder head has been

developed as a crossflow cylinder head. This
means that the intake port and exhaust ports are
arranged opposite each other in the cylinder
head. This ensures an efficient charge cycle, and
therefore improved cylinder charging.

All control elements, such as the valves, tappets

and rocker levers, have been adopted from
other pump injector engines.

305_020

Exhaust port Inlet port

Electrical plug connector

for pump injectors

Cable routing

305_021

Fuel rail

Pump injector Glow plug

8
Pump injectors

The second generation pump injectors used previously in the 1.9 l TDI engine are installed
in the 2.5 l R5 TDI engine. They have been adapted in respect to jet position and flow.

They have the following notable features:

– a low-friction drive
– an elevated injection pressure in the part-throttle range
– a compact solenoid valve

To keep drive friction to a minimum, the adjusting
screw has a rounded end and the pressure pin
has a ball socket. The large radii ensure a low
surface pressure. In addition, the engine oil
collects in the ball socket and thus provides good
lubrication between the adjusting screw and the
pressure pin.
The injection pressure in the part-throttle range
has been increased by using a balancer piston
with a longer stroke.
The pressure in the injector spring chamber rises
due to the long stroke of the balancer piston and
the flow-restricting action of the inlet bore
between the injector spring chamber and the
fuel duct. The injector spring is preloaded still
further and the injection pressure increases.

Adjusting screw

Ball socket
High pressure
Pressure pin chamber

Balancer piston Fuel return line

Inlet bore

Fuel supply line

Injector
spring

Solenoid valve

305_030

305_029
9
 Engine mechanics
Sender wheel
Crankshaft

To achieve a short installation length, the

vibration damper is integrated in the crankshaft.

If the crankshaft is removed, the Vibration

cylinder head must also be dismounted damper
and the cylinder head gasket replaced.
Please refer to the workshop manual.
305_023

Fastening bolt

Vibration damper

The vibration damper is mounted to crankshaft

by four bolts in lieu of the first counterweight.
Vibrations are damped over the full engine load
and engine speed range by plastic friction
elements.

305_025
Vibration damper
Engine speed sender wheel

The gear for driving the gear train is pressed Sender wheel
fitted onto the output end of the crankshaft.
The sender wheel is machined as part of the Gear train drive gear
crankshaft assembly. This eliminates additional
assembly tolerances in the sender wheel and
enhances the accuracy of the signal for engine
speed measurement.

305_024

The vibration damper can be

replaced without having to remove
the crankshaft by detaching the first
conrod bearing cap.

10
Conrods and pistons

Pistons

The piston bosses and the small end have a Cooling duct
trapezoidal shape in order to minimise the
stresses in the pistons and conrods under high
combustion pressures. As a result, the
combustion forces are distributed over a larger
area. To provide good antifrictional properties,
the piston bosses have brass bushings.
A cooling duct has been cast into the piston in
order to cool the piston ring zone. The oil spray
nozzles inject oil into this cooling duct as soon as
the piston is located at bottom dead center. 305_026
Brass bushing

Conrod

The single-piece conrod is made by forging.

The connecting rod cap is made by cracking.

Trapezoidal
small end
305_027
Piston pin axis offset

The piston pin axis is arranged excentrically in

order to eliminate noises caused by tilting of the
Top dead centre Cylinder axis
piston at top dead centre.

Whenever the connecting rod is inclined, lateral Piston pin axis

piston forces which alternately press the piston
against the cylinder wall are produced.
The lateral piston force changes direction at top
dead centre. Here the piston is tilted towards the
opposed cylinder wall and produces noises.
To prevent tilting of the piston and the resulting
noises, the piston pin axis is arranged
excentrically.
305_028
By offsetting the piston pin axis, the piston
changes sides before it reaches top dead centre
and rests against the opposite cylinder wall.

11
 Engine mechanics

Gear train

Due to the constraints on space, particularly in vehicles with transversely mounted engines, a helical
gear train is used. The gear train transmits the high drive forces in a space-saving manner. A 15° helical
toothing increases the load-bearing tooth flank width and reduces the gear dimensions to a minimum.

The gear train is arranged on the flywheel end. The camshaft and the ancillary units are driven by the
crankshaft via the gear train.

Clamp
T10199
Camshaft gear

Intermediate gear
(adjustable)

Intermediate sprokket

Alternator
The backlash in relation 305_051 driving gear Coolant pump gear
to the camshaft gear is
set with the adjustable
intermediate gear
Tension gear

Intermediate
gear
Drive gear for vane pump
for power steering and 305_003
air conditioner compressor

Intermediate Camshaft gear

Oil pump
gear
drive gear

The gear train is maintenance free.

Provision is not made for replacement of gears by after-sales service.

12
Ancillary units drive

The ancillary units are driven directly by the gear train.

In the alternator and air conditioner compressor, the axis offset tolerances as well as the running
irregularities in the longitudinal direction of the drive axis are equalised and damped by an elastic
drive coupling.
A further advantage is that this coupling not as prone to soiling. This is particularly important for off-
road driving and in dusty countries.

When removing the alternator, do

not take apart the bracket and the
alternator.
Alternator bracket

Alternator

305_053

Alternator Freewheel Elastic drive

coupling

Alternator drive gear

Tension gear (two-piece)

Drive gear of
vane pump for power steering,
air conditioner compressor

Vane pump for power steering

305_002
Freewheel
Air conditioner
Elastic drive
compressor
coupling

13
 Engine mechanics

Elastic drive coupling

The elastic drive coupling comprises two geared

metal hubs which are mechanically connected
via a coupling belt.

305_014

Hub
Hub Coupling belt

Tension gear

The task of the tension gear is to reduce the
backlash of the gears which drive the ancillary
units. The tension gear is a two-part construction.
Both parts are connected by a torsion spring
located between the two parts of the gear.
Preloading the torsion springs causes the parts of
the gear to counterrotate. The backlash of the
tension gear and meshing gears is thereby
reduced.

Tension gear

Washer

Circlip

Bush

305_056
Torsion spring

14
Oil filter module

The oil filter module is mounted to the cylinder

block by five bolts. It comprises an upright oil
Oil cooler
filter and an integrated oil cooler.
The oil filter element is replaced in the upward
direction.

Oil filter

305_032

Oil cooler

Advantages of the oil filter module

– Sealing face with 5-point threaded connection

– Eco-friendly upright oil filter with paper
element
– Integrated oil cooler

Oil filter
305_033

15
 Engine mechanics

Oil pump

The Duocentric oil pump is bolted to the base of

the cylinder block and driven by the crankshaft
via gears.

305_044

The oil pump is located by two fitted Oil pump drive gear Camshaft gear
sleeves in the cylinder block. Please
refer to the workshop manual.

Oil circuit supply line

A special feature of the oil circuit is that the warp anchor holes are integrated in the oil supply line.
Various bearing points and the gear train are supplied with oil through the warp anchor holes.

Warp anchor hole

305_046

16
Oil circuit return line

The oil mainly flows back from the cylinder head in the area of the gear train.
A further portion of the oil flows back into the oil sump through return bores on both side walls of the
engine.

Oil return in the area of

gear train

Return bore

305_045

Oil sump

17
 Engine mechanics

Coolant circuit

The figure shows the coolant circuit of the Transporter 2004 with an supplementary coolant heater.
Various variants are used depending on specification.

305_008

Key

1 First heat exchanger 8 Cylinder block

2 Coolant thermostat (opens when coolant 9 Vent pipe
temperature exceeds 80 °C) 10 Expansion tank
3 Cylinder head 11 Heater coolant shut-off valve N279
4 Exhaust gas recirculation cooler 12 Non-return valve
5 Coolant pump 13 Second heat exchanger (for rear passenger
6 Cooler compartment)
7 Oil cooler 14 Supplementary coolant heater
15 Recirculation pump
18
Coolant pump

The coolant pump is designed as a vane pump

and is inserted into the cylinder block on the spur
gear side. It is driven via gears of the gear train.

The coolant pump can be removed without

dismantling the gear train housing.

Before removing the coolant pump, the

coolant must be drained at the coolant
drain plugs. This prevents coolant from 305_049
flowing into the gear train housing and Coolant pump
oil sump and mixing with the engine oil. Gear train Coolant drain plug
housing

Coolant pump
Securing bolt

Cover
Nut
Bolt

Gear

305_050

Special tools are used for removing the coolant pump:

coolant pump spur gear puller T10221 and coolant pump puller T10222.

19
 Engine mechanics

Fuel system

The overview shows the fuel system of the

Transporter 2004.

Fuel cooler

Fuel temperature
Fuel line sender
for supplementary coolant
heater

Low pressure fuel

supply line

Fuel filter

Fuel tank
Non-return valve
Electric
fuel pump Fuel supply pressure Fuel pump
regulating valve

The electrical fuel pump in the tank serves as a
pre-supply pump, and pumps fuel to the fuel
filter.
The non-return valve prevents fuel from flowing
fuel back from the fuel rail and supply line into
the fuel tank when the engine is stopped.
The fuel filter protects the injection system
against soiling and wear by particles and water.
The fuel pump pumps the fuel out of the fuel fil-
ter and into the fuel supply line under high pres-
sure.

20
 Fuel rail

High pressure fuel

supply line
Fuel return pressure Pump injector
limiting valve Fuel return line

305_037

Return Low pressure supply line High pressure supply line

The pressure regulating valve sets the fuel
pressure in the fuel supply line to approximately
8.5 bar.
The pressure limiting valve limits the fuel
pressure in the fuel return line to approximately
1 bar. The pressure conditions in the fuel system
are thus balanced.
The fuel temperature sender measures the fuel
temperature for the engine control unit.
The pump injectors are solenoid valves that are
activated by the engine control unit. They are
used to control the commencement of injection
and injection quantity.

The fuel cooler cools the flowing back fuel in

order to protect the fuel tank against excessively
hot fuel.

21
 Engine mechanics

Exhaust system

The exhaust system comprises an exhaust manifold, a main catalyst, a front silencer and a rear silencer.

Exhaust manifold

The exhaust manifold is an insulated sheet metal manifold with a gas-tight inner shell. This highly
compact design ensures a high rate of heating. Additional heat shielding is not required.

Exhaust manifold
insulation

Exhaust manifold
inner shells

Exhaust manifold
insulation

305_047

22
Overview of the exhaust system

The overview shows the components of the exhaust system in the Transporter 2004.

Main catalytic converter

Rear silencer

Front silencer

305_031

23
 Engine mechanics

Exhaust gas recirculation cooler

An exhaust gas recirculation cooler is used in several variants in order to lower the combustion
temperature, and thus reduce nitrogen oxide emissions and soot formation.

Exhaust gas
recirculation cooler

305_054

Variants:

– An exhaust gas recirculation cooler, which
continuously cools the exhaust gas, is used
in the Transporter 2004 with automatic
transmission and in the Touareg with manual
gearbox.
– A switchable exhaust gas recirculation cooler,
which cools the exhaust gas at a coolant
temperature upwards of approximately 50 °C,
is used in the Touareg with automatic
transmission.

24
How the switchable exhaust gas recirculation cooler works

A switchable exhaust gas recirculation cooler is used, because continuous cooling of the recirculated
exhaust gases results in higher hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions.
The exhaust gas is ducted either through the cooler or past the cooler to the exhaust gas recirculation
valve.

Without exhaust gas cooling

The exhaust flap remains closed up to a coolant temperature of approximately 50 °C, and the exhaust
gas bypasses the cooler.

Exhaust gas recirculation cooler

To the exhaust gas
turbocharger
Vacuum unit
not operated
By the coolant
temperature sender G62
Exhaust flap

To EGR valve
Coolant
From exhaust manifold 305_057

With exhaust gas cooling

The exhaust flap is opened by the exhaust gas recirculation cooler change-over valve at a coolant
temperature of approximately 50 °C. The recirculated exhaust gas now flows through the cooler. The
cooling capacity depends on the coolant temperature and the exhaust gas recirculation rate.

Vacuum unit
Exhaust gas recirculation
operated
cooler change-over valve
N345

Engine control unit

J623
305_058
25
 Engine management

System overview
The Bosch EDC 16 Electronic Diesel Control is used in combination with a torque-oriented engine
management system in the 2.5 l R5 TDI engine in the Transporter 2004 and in the Touareg.

Sensors
Engine speed sender G28
Engine control unit J623
Hall sender G40

Accelerator position sender G79

Kick-down switch F8
Idling switch F60

CAN drive train data bus

Air mass flow meter G70

Coolant temperature sender G62

Coolant temperature sender

Diagnosis
- radiator outlet G83
connection

Fuel temperature sender G81

Charge air pressure sender G31

Intake air temperature sender G42

Brake light switch F

Brake pedal switch F47

Clutch pedal switch F36

Additional input signals

26
You will find a detailed description of the engine management system in Self-Study Programme 304
"The EDC 16 Electronic Diesel Control".

Actuators

Pump injector valves N240 … N244

Fuel pump relay J17

Fuel pump (pre-supply pump) G6
Fuel pump G23 *

Exhaust gas recirculation valve N18

Charge pressure control solenoid

valve N75

Coolant pump run-on relay J151

Recirculation pump V55

Fuel cooling pump relay J445 *

Fuel cooling pump V166 *

Intake manifold flap change-over valve N239

Exhaust gas recirculation cooler

change-over valve N345 **

Glow plug relay J52

Glow plugs Q10 … Q14

Additional output signals

305_011
* Used in the Touareg
** Used in the Touareg with automatic
27
transmission
 Engine management

Functional diagram

2.5 l R5 TDI engine with the EDC 16 in the Transporter 2004 and Touareg

30
15

J317

F36
J151 J445 J52
+ N239 N75 N345 N18 V55 V166
M M

A
Q10...Q14

J623

N240 N241 N242 N243 N244 G81 G62 G83 G31 G42 G40 G28 F60/F8 G79

31

Additional signals

1 Drive train CAN data bus 5 Alternator terminal DFM

2 Drive train CAN data bus 6 Cruise control system switch
3 Communications line (diagnostic connection) (ON/OFF)
4 Road speed signal 7 Radiator fan - 1st speed
8 Radiator fan - 2nd speed

28
 Key

A Battery
30
15
F Brake light switch
F8 Kick-down switch
F36 Clutch pedal switch
F47 Brake pedal switch
F60 Idling switch

G6 Fuel pump (pre-supply pump)

A G23 Fuel pump *
G28 Engine speed sender
G31 Charge air pressure sender
G40 Hall sender
G42 Intake air temperature sender
G62 Coolant temperature sender
G70 Air mass meter
G79 Accelerator position sender
G81 Fuel temperature sender
F47 F J17
G83 Coolant temperature sender -
G23 G6 radiator outlet
M M
J17 Fuel pump relay
J52 Glow plug relay
J151 Coolant pump run-on relay
J317 Voltage supply relay - Term. 30
J445 Fuel cooling pump relay *
J623 Engine control unit

N18 Exhaust gas recirculation valve

N75 Charge pressure control solenoid valve
N239 Intake manifold flap change-over valve
A
N240 Injector solenoid valve, No. 1 cyl.
N241 Injector solenoid valve, No. 2 cyl.
N242 injector solenoid valve, No. 3 cyl.
N243 injector solenoid valve, No. 4 cyl.
N244 Injector solenoid valve, No. 5 cyl.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 N345 Exhaust gas recirculation cooler
G70
change-over valve **

Q10 Glow plug -1-

Q11 Glow plug -2-
Q12 Glow plug -3-
31 Q13 Glow plug -4-
Q14 Glow plug -5-
305_012
V55 Recirculation pump
V166 Fuel cooling pump *
A Connection within the function diagram

* Used in the Touareg

** Used in the Touareg with automatic transmission

29
 Service

Designation Special tool

Clamp
T10199

305_052

Engine holder for assembly stand

T10220

305_042

Coolant pump spur gear puller

T10221

305_039

Coolant pump puller

T10222

305_041

30
Designation Special tool

Clutch centring mandrel

T10223

Graphic unavailable at time of going to press

Engine holder for engine and

gearbox lifter (removal and
installation)
T10224
Graphic unavailable at time of going to press

Key for turning the engine

T10225

305_043

Crankshaft locating tool

T10226

305_040

31
 Test your knowledge

Which of the following answers is correct?

One or more, or even all, answers may be correct.

1. What were the prescribed development goals for the 2.5 l R5 TDI engine?

a) A low weight, for example by using an aluminium cylinder block.

b) A compact design to allow transverse and longitudinal mounting.

c) Low maintenance requirements, for example by using a maintenance free gear train.

2. What are the special features of the crankshaft?

a) The engine speed sender wheel is bolted on.

b) The vibration damper is integrated in the crankshaft.

c) The vibration damper can be replaced without removing the crankshaft.

3. Which of the following statements on the gear train is true?

a) The backlash of the camshaft gear is adjustable.

b) The gear train is designed to save weight.

c) High drive forces can be transmitted in a space-saving manner by using gears.

32
4. Which of the following statements on the ancillary units is true?

a) The ancillary units are driven by the gear train.

b) In the alternator and air conditioner compressor, the axle offset tolerances and the running
irregularities in the longitudinal direction are equalised and damped by an elastic drive
coupling.

c) The alternator and the bracket may only be removed completely, and must not
be taken apart.

5. What are the points which must be observed before removing the coolant pump?

a) The coolant must be drained at the coolant drain plugs before removing the coolant pump.

b) The coolant pump can be removed without dismantling the gear train housing.

c) The gear train housing must be removed before removing the coolant pump.

6. Which engine management system is used?

a) The EDC 15 Electronic Diesel Control.

b) The EDC 16 Electronic Diesel Control with torque-oriented engine management.

c) The EDC 16 Electronic Diesel Control without torque-oriented engine management.

33
 Notes

Answers

1. a, b, c; 2. b, c; 3. a, c; 4. a, b, c; 5. a, b; 6. b

34
35
 305

For internal use only © VOLKSWAGEN AG, Wolfsburg

All rights and the right to make technical alterations reserved
000.2811.25.20 Technical status 03/03

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was bleached without the use of chlorine.