Nomenclature THE CATERPILLAR PRODUCT LINE 110... TRAcK-TYPE TRACTORS — Standard Models Fiywhee! power 4810671 KN — 5 10 820 & Fa BA By ee Bx es A. z tow c GROUND PRESSURE (LGP) ‘SPECIAL APPLICATION (SA) (gutta appicavns) OIBLGP OAELGP pEBLGP DBDLaP OYGLGP —««DAESADSBSA DED SA Ra OBO & & & & B® & 12-20... MOTOR GRADERS Flywhee power 9310186 KW — 12510250 no 200 120 20 1400 sn ain olen in clin clin Bin 200 .. . EXCAVATORS — BACKHOES °° ‘Operating weight 16300 1057 150 kg — 36,000 to 126,000 1b as zs 28 nF HOVELS 42.290 1062 960 kg — 93.100 10 198,800 1b 208 > > Bim SED EN CEN BE 550... PIPELAYERS UW capacity 18 144 vo 90 7209 — 40,000 to 200,000 to RS * Flynhee! power 80 and 190 kv! — 120 and 175 Np ew «da ad600... STANDARD WHEEL TRACTORSCRAPERS TANDEM POWERED ELEVATING SCRAPER: FE OLS FO CO STS TANDEM POWERED SCRA SCRAPERS é ELEVATING SCRAPERS ere 6270 ers ven 6 Boe BOM coe cas CN PUSH-PULL SCRAPERS ea ca CFS EM SPB PBU Pu 700. . . OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCKS _ OFF-HIGHWAY TRACTORS @ BS “SS oO! 38 BO BS GS bt 800... WHEEL TRACTORS ‘COMPACTORS: LANDFILL COMPACTORS ee ee aaron eenabiel mitt ye jeedouh Oona rae fei Fes a Bo dB, Ba tee de ha 900 . . . WHEEL LoaDERS. ce Buckets DE1O96 m— 1010 2 ys? 10 e200 960 ose 10 sous Ba. Bin Bin, Bon Blo, Ba. BP, MBER. TRACK-TYPE LOADERS Buckets 0810.38 m! — 1.010 80 ys ome gags osicy 5st» Ly *LGP arangomest leo av:nabieTrack-Type Tractors bbs Sid MODEL 3B Dae ps8 psp Flyunee! Power askew 65HP | sonw 75HP | 7exw 05MP| ioe” TADHP | T1A]KW _200HP Operating Weight" (Power shit | 6545 kg 14490 | 88209 1948016] 11 7C0 ko 25,80 1b) 14 200 kg 31.500 1b] 20 000 ko 44,300 fb (Oirect Drive = 18768 ko 19,890 | 11 40 ko, 25200 15| 13835 ka 90.900 Ib) 19.950 ka 4000 Engine Modo! ‘208 ‘ot 308 06 3208 ated Engine RPM 2400 200 1750 1900 2000 No.of Cylinders 4 « 6 6 ° Boe sutmm 46° [ratmm 475" | rz1mm 476° | 1atmm 475° | 121mm 475" ‘ire wzimm 5° [tszmm 6° | iszmm 6 | aszmm 6° | as2mm 6° Dispiacement 521 ayein? | 7a a2Sin® | 10514 62@ im? | 1051 6a8tn® | 1051 638 ln? Track Roles each si) 5 5 6 6 Width of Standard Track Shoe | 208mm 42" | a30mm 19" | 405mm — 16° | 457 mm 510mm 20" Langit a Tack on Grea tam site | 1gim 60" | 220m 7 | 236m 270m att Grover Contact Area usta show) | 1.112 w7zaint | 12m? saraine | 180% 2704 me] 2.17 me 270m? A270 Wt Track Gauge sarm 4" | 152m 50" | 198m 82" | 188m 196m 66" (GENERAL DIMENSIONS: 152m 50" Helaht (stripped top)"* az0m 5:7" | 199m 193m 64" | 205m 226m Ts" eight to top of ROP) 2oam arto" | 269m aitm a's | 2arm 2m 10° veal Length (with Sblade) | 369m 121" | 386m 490m 181" | 4am 528m re" [without bade 275m 91" | 320m 36am avin | 373m fiom 190" ram (win Standara Stoo) | 179m s'10" | 185m 29m oe | 29m 79° | 255m 8st Ground Clesrance sosmm 927 | 357 mm arm 109° | a10mm 122" | 347mm 197° Blade Types and With: straight " = 24m a0 | 315m 104" | 320m 106" | 365m 12 Ancle as aram wast | acim wit | agom re | azrm 8 Universal S = S a aaim 26° Power Angle & Tit 2atm ora = = = = Cushion = = ay = = Fuel Tank Rett Capacity trom atget | 242ut segot | azn sega | 2051 reget | ssi 115 9a * Opting Weigh incian uicas, coon ut ue ak salgh bole, yaaa cori and os, AOPS canny, nd operator GS hs 9A vane th pedo) vont ROP aha, sa achoTrack-Type Tractors | | ow Ground Pressure & & & & & MODEL 3B LGP DAE LGP, 5B LGP 16D LEP 7G Lar. Flywheel Power aokw o5HP | sonw 75HP | ToKW 105HP | torn 140HP | 1<9KW _200HF (Operating Weight” (Power Shit) | 7585kg 18280 b| 10.030 kg 22.110 1b| 14 700 ko 32400 b|17 100 kg) 87,700 1b] 23260 ko 51.5001 (Ovrect Ory = 10 088k 222401 = = ~ Engine Mee! 08 3308 3006 3008 ‘08 Rated Engine RPM: 2200 2000 1150 1900 2000 No.of Cylinders 4 4 5 6 6 Bore tiem 46° | atm 475" | r21mm 476" | 2mm ars" | tim 475" Stoke sarmm 8° | 152mm 6 | 152mm 6" | 152mm | 82mm Dispiacement 52 svein? | rit 425i | 105i 698i? | 1050 628m? | 1051 638 in? Track Fliers (each sie) ° 5 1 7 7 Wiatn of Standard Track Shoe | 635mm — 25" | 760mm — 30" | asm 34° form — 96° | 6mm 34 Lent of Tack on Govind 2orm 69" | 221m 7a | 282m 93" | 287m as | 305m 100" ‘oun Contact Area wists shoo) | 263m@ aro Ine | 3.7m? S224 nt | 487 m2 7552I02 | 527 m2 Btes in? | 526m? 8140 Track Gauge rem 8's" | 178m S10" | 200m Be | 2am we | 218m Tz" GENERAL DIMENSIONS: Height stripped ty)" som 87 | 193m roam ear | 205m eet | 225m 75" Height to top of ROPS) 2erm ee | 269m arm 91 | 287m 95" | 325m Overall Length (with S blade) | 308m 421" | 422m 496m 10%" | 516m tern | 55am 188" (without Blas) 00m 9°10" | 320m germ er [agtm si" | 422m 19°10" wan ith Standard Shoo} | 229m 76" | 254m 2oom 9'7° | 302m grat | azym sorte Ground Clearance aobmm 12° | 286mm 2ramm ie \stomm 122" | 347mm 137° Blade Types and Wid. Straight zeom 92" | aosm 10" | asim 6 | aztm war | atm a Power Angle and Tit 310m = = = = Fat Tank Rit Capaity visit atgal | 2e2ut saga | 2421 sagn | 2051 reg | «ast 115 9m “Onegin i at hgh ya ano ad MOPS any. pee Bn FmtODEL = pak tywneet Power 224KW 300 HP 'peatiog Wieight* (Power Stil) (Oiret Drive) 531490 Ka 66,2001 gine Moet az ‘ated Engine RPM 1390 ©. of Oyinders é ow 46mm 875" ‘splacement 204 1 1286 int rack Rotors (ach se) ed Ah 7 ‘with of Standard Tack Sboe | 560 mm 22° “ength of Track on Ground 315m 10°4 ‘our Goniaet Area wste shoe) | 351m? 5437 ine rack Gauge aim 70° ENERAL DIMENSIONS: et Height (to top of ROPS) 340m H'2t Overall Length wth S tHadey —] 58m —21°7° ‘thot bao 52m W's" wath (ith Standara Shoe) | 279m 12" Ground Ciearance 434mm 97a" lade Types and Wieth: ‘Straight oom 193" Angie arm 186 Universo 42am 13 Power Angle & Tit a Cushion a el Tank Ptill Capacity 610 70g 31 980k 705001 | «2460 kg 93,6008 110 106.420 1) ‘Stipped top) muhoun ROPS, exnaual, see beck o One easy rome Specifications DoH pos p10 206 KW aio MP | 612 KW 820 HP [zee 700 HP le 320 kg 190,001 083 a3 ate 1975 75 +800 6 é | ow 159mm 625" | 159mm 625" | 1ST mm 54 anim 6 | 200mm | bm 6° 242i va7sin® | 24011 14738 | 2933181708 Io? 1 ’ . erm av [610mm 24 fait 20" aasm to" | 338m v0" | corm 1240" oom? eatint | 818m? 12676 Int 656mm 62a nt 2am 70" | 229m 76" | 789m 86" zoom eto" | 302m gee | sanm 115" asm ta" | soem sar | aeem 1440 re4m zv9" | 129m aren | 757m 20°10" serm wees [165m aera" | cs2m 195" 4odmm tere | as6mm 14" frm wen 28" am es mm 160° saim 126 E: Track-Type Tractor rac}(Poor Shit (Ovrect Drive) ge Moe ated Engine RPM f.of Gylindors woke ispacement ‘ack otters (each sice) Ve tis [hah ot Stara Track Show fngth of Tack an Grou sexed Contact Ava jist. shoe) tack Gauge ENERAL DIMENSIONS: Helont strippe topi"* AMY Height to top of ROPS) ‘Overall Langtn with blade (ontnout tice} ‘wrath with Standard Shoe) Ground Clearance tage Types and Wein: Swalght Ano Univorsat Power Angle & Tt cushion et Tank Rill Capacity peaing Walt ce etm Sones on ‘Specifications Track-Type Tractor By By ety By 3 980g 70500 42460 kg 31430 kg 68,3001 ose 1990 6 146mm 875) amma 204 it 1246 ie? som 22 am we 850? S437 i? 213m 70" 2aem a0 a4om 12" estm 217" Sam rs 27m 92" oem 13's" 47m 186" DoH 305 KW 53 ss 6 159mm 625" aon @ 242i 14730 610mm 2 335m 10° 409? 6330 in? 2mm 76 269m B10" as6m 11a" 724m 209" setm 6s 2am it seomm 164 30m 185" 408m 160" adm 189 aorm wr 640i 170gal | 87018 200 9 posi p10 aioe | 612k B2OHP | S22kW TOO HP: une | 95,600 |e 110 105,420 1/96 520g 190,300 ae 15 100 ected | etna isomm 625° | arm $a mann “a [usm es ZAI $470in? | 20081708 7 . c1om M4001 28 asm aver | sanm 10" Aen? 1267010 £5 2 ad? 2am Te" | iam ae anam 9nt | sam 15" dom saa | eae 14408 2gsm aver | rsrm 24ttor Wesm aoa [Seam 8's foam sit | aim tan" seam tet [ohm 278" i som 18 22am aro is astm zo | esaPower Shift Drawbar Pull vs. Ground Speed | Track-Type Tractors ar) 176 & D7G LGP 9H Sts li ei al | om is open ‘ ‘a a Leen | tN het ; / sau i \ i RI { muTrack-Type Tractors | Power Shift + Drawbar Pull vs. Ground Speed * Travel Speeds RRS © POWER = SHIFT D3B°& DAE& DSBA DED& DIGS MODEL D3B*LGP D4ELGP DSBLGP D6D.LGP 07G LGP FORWARD. | ‘Ge AR | kwh MPH | fav MPH | Hh MH Roum MPH uh APH + [ar a9| ae 21| as 22] 40 28 ]a7 23 2 |s9 a7| 60 a7| 6: a8| 69 «3/64 40 a \ms ec | os se {ios os] 18 er {oo oz REVERSE GEAR + [aa ar | ao 45 28 2 | 63 a0 | 70 79 49 a |ia_na [na no 74 “sont of 8 cape i aR 20Track-Type Tractors rect Drive * Travel Speeds ‘© Drawbar Pull Forward (cat Misubion U1 jt Machine Only) ‘16. Tans. 16 Trans pt. Trans. Sta Trane Sic Trans peo 7G 7G 7G LaP bak FORWARD ‘GEAR, evn MPH se MPH eh MPH ert MPH ev MPH 1 27 17 25 18 35 22 28 18 27 17 2 40 25 a7 aa 48 30 ar 23 35 a2 a 55 35 saan | 88 as 53 aa 4a a0 4 79 49 73 49 oa 40 78 49 63 39 5 11 69 mar 63 72 48 mai 63 82 4 6 = S a2 54 S na 70 REVERSE GEAR 7 aa 2a 20 19 41 26 a1 19 ery 2 4a 30 4327 55 as 4327 38 22 3 eo 43 62 39 67 42 63 39 43 30 4 97 60 93 58 15 a7 93 58 64 40 5 es = = S 82 54 SeeERO Tere = = = 1a [DRAWBAR PULL FORWARD {Unie pl mt depen vp weg a ato wanoon Hate) A Rated RPM ‘A Rated RPM ‘A Rated RPM ‘A Rated RPM ‘At Rated RPM. GEAR WN ig | Ng | Ng | Ng RN gf 1 1130 11500 25360 | 1740 17690 28010 780 7780 17.080 | 1150 11730 25,860, 51.1 $180 11420| 754 7080 16940 2a1 12560 a7pe0 | 1730 17690 agore | 2491 25400 $6000 2 a 4 330 3360 730 | 481 4700 10370 5 6 854 8700 18:80 | 1180 11730 25860 | 1851 18990 41,740 70 7110 18680 | 752 7680 tese0 | 1274 12990 28.640 505 6170 r3600| 461 4700 10,70 | 921 370 20.650 510 $190 11480 | 341 saz 7320 | 651 6610 14580 4414450 93840 = 401 09 9010 Max, at Lug Max. at Lug Max. ot Lug sao 16080 25.40 |2201 72540 pao [2101 22540 71,700 Max at Lug Max. at Log 114640 seza0 |2112 21580 47,480 2 98.1 9950 z19M0 | 1410 14.80 94,700 | 1104 11200 24820 |1300 14360 31,700 | 2004 24420 59.40 3 61 6740 93.4 9590 21000 | 910 9270 zn44o | 981 530 24,000 | 140% 16.955. 97,300 4 aes 450 5836040 18100 | 79.4 8000 trea | 614 5940 13,100 | 1220 12.400 27.340 421m gaa | 674 gavo $5150 | «44 290 9460 | BRO MS 19.720 9.25900 19190 510 5770x2730 22Bulldozers Summary Bulldozers for Cat-Built Machines CATERPILLAR BLADES | _ BALDERSON BLADES BLADE TYPE Fs [eat [ow 28Bulldozers | SP°' ications, Wheel Dozers MODEL Tipe Wioight, Shipping® (retailed, but without yore contois) ‘Weight, Sipping {blade only Wiig, Shipping (other detachabie Hors) Genera Dimensions (Tractor & Dozer Length (Blade Straight) ath (Blade Saint lace: Length own ‘Max. Digging Depth Ground Clearance tui Horizontal Max. Tp Adjustment “Ghpring Wot nee poem arma aca, Np ata __ a2ac ‘Straight Straight 2767 ig 610010 | $684 kg 12,5901 165th 26401b | 19489407510 s26kq 118010 | 72¢kq 15870 645m ara" 2038 365m 120" wwe 265m 20" we 109m 4078" vo comm 18 95mm 380° BULLDOZER PRODUCTION OFF-THE-JOB You can estimate bulldozor production using the pro- duction curves that follow and the correction factors that are applicable. Use this formula Production (LOY/hr) _ Maximum , Correction (Lm*sh) ~ production * factors ‘The bulldozer production curves give maximum un corrected production for straight. and universal blades ‘and are based on the following conditions: 1, 100% efficiency (60 minute hour). 2. Power shift machines with 0.05 min, fixed times, 3. Machine cuts for 50 feet (15 1), then drifts blade load to dump over a high wall. 4, Soil density of 2300 IbiLCY (1970 kg/Lm’), 3,000 NyBCY (1790 kg/Bm). Material swell 30% (load factor of 0.769) Coefficient of traction: f, Track machines — 0.5 or better 1, Wheel machines — 0.4 or better* 6, Hydraulic controlled blades used, To obtain estimated production in bank cubic yards or bank cubic meters, the appropriate load factor from the Tables section should be applied to the corrected production as calculated above. Production (BCYihe) _ (LCYihn) x LF {Bmish) ~ (Lm) **Cooficent of traction assumed to be atleast. 04, While poor traction affects both track and wheel vehieles, causing them to take smaller blade loads, wheeled units are affected more severely and production falls much more rapidly. While ne fixed rules can predict this production loss, a rough rule of thumb is that wheel dozer preduction falle off 4% for each ‘one-hundredth decrease in coefficient of tration below 0.40. If. for example, cotficent of traction is 0.80, the difference tenundredins 010, and productions 60% WO 4% = 40%Production UES Blalog | Bulldozers ESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION « Universal and Straight Blades + D7 through 010, wy ten a 204 agp ee toa} — 2600} \t bee 2400; } | vo oo [ L i = az ro) Sth = = | aa " za 140} aol : a : 1 iam 00 A = =| nore ne a vol — ai en a aegis vo = ~ | Sts Ste 200} 85] i { {otowing tnete * 1000} so of oa an =| 200} a ol te, - + ata 08 ae et L sheeted ghee hsmctconed danas ° a a a AVERAGE DOZING DISTANCE 7Produc! Bulldozers | Ci Goe ESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION « Straight Blades + D3, D4, D5, D6, 814, 824 Whe terre 100 70 on tool- a0 7m) sco) 400 aa PT a) 310 20 0 109} 109} 6 ss d 4 re 108 700 30 0 300 00 eT SEI EE (SEES PR SS ee (ee SS Se Gace Sane Soa aS pes GO zege 75 ceag 8 ceca T08 ts 8 se ena Oppel OS a MO ee AVERAGE DOZING DISTANCE 82B CONDITION CORRECTION FACTORS PenaTOR — Excelent verge Poot Loose sooksle Hard to cu trozen ‘wt it eylinase wthout tit eylindar abe controled blade Hard to ty "ead" ry, roncohasive mali) ot very stick materia Rock, ripped or blasted tot 002NG 10e By SIDE DOZING ssisiiry — Dust, ain, snow, fog or darkness op eFFicieNcy — so minhe “ominhe IRECT DRIVE TRANSMISSION (01 i. tee tino) uwoozeR" ‘ogling (bade Cushioned (blade 5 now gauge LUght matea U ade coat Blade bowl stockpies) RADES — Se fllowing raph TRACK. WHEEL. TYPE ‘TYPE. TRACTOR TRACTOR cron 100 1.00 07s 080 60 080 120 120 om 075 070 a 260 a 000 ow 60.080 = io | 1 sistas | 1is85 0.80 070 one ose asr oer oscars oscars | oscars 090 = 120 120 10 130 Job Factors + Estimating Production + | Bulldozers Example Problem « % Grade vs. Dozing Factor % Grade ® , Measurements (1) The average height (I) of the pile in foot. Hold the tpe vertically at the inside edge of each grouser mark. Sight along top of the to obtain the correct measurement. load onto a level area and 4 ToP View SIDE VIEW = GROUSER MARKS (2) The average width (W) of the pile in feet. Hold the tape horizontally over the pill and sight at the inside edge of each grouser mark and the corresponding opposite side of the pile. (3) The greatest length (L) of the pile in feet. Hold the tape horizontally over the pile and sight at each end of the pile ©. With the above measurements, now compute the blade load (1) Average the height measurement (H) (2) Average the width measurement (W) (3) Load (1.CY or Lm) = 0.0138 x (HWL) (4) Load (BCY or Ban?) = LCY or Lin! x LF . Combine the calculated blade load with study to figure production.CATERPILLAR RIPPERS & RIPPER-SCARIFIERS CONTENTS. Feat Spvitications ‘Tp selection Estimating ripping production Seismic wave velocity charts Estimating ripper production graphs 43 44 49 a 51 56 Features: + Parullclogram linkage with hydraulically variable piteh for D8, D9, D10. Operator can adjust entry angle to suit material, then parallelogram design holds angle at all ripping depth: © Fixed parallelogeam linkage design on all other models (except D5, 991) holds woth entry angle con: stant at all ripping, depths, ‘+ Hinge cippers for D3 and 931 are Multishanle (up to five) with wide hear coverage for utility ripping close to walls, footings and embankments, ygle shank erangements available for Ds 110 for concentration of full tractor power on tip, and deep ripping capabilities 9, Multishank arrangements in all ripper models, in- cluding D8, D9, 110 allow wice-beam coverage in easier‘o-rip materials. 6Specifications | Rippers b7-D9 IRACTORIRIPPER _D7GINo. 7 DBKINo. 8 a D9HINo. 8 aint [— Paratclogrm | Adjustable Parailogram — ‘stable Paralologram reson actor ‘Single Shank | Mullichank Single Shank ‘Mulia 2s nope “arate op) seem wwe | seem 7 | 6sam aon) razm wor | bm 227" cangmnipper coun) | seam w9'2" | 726m zat" | stem = a'r | 740m a5" | arm 20 tae zsrm ws | 270m vz | 279m o' | 302m wrt | aozm grt se 2am ore | isrm ae | 265m arse] iazm are | 200m 940" Section outside im) [2704343 mum 117x138" 4324463 em 47°18 | 3819487 em 5x18" | 4225489 ren 17 HNB. | «22x48 mm YT" KIT Sound Clesvance Under Samentanes | sam aa | astm east| tem set | stim go: | sim oo" tee | im Te | ate “at | atom SE | tem tor | tem Gr Teer | tam ae | tzam eer | rate ar | sem ese | oem me wert” | am ww | smom ons | tara ov | tam ae | area ae ‘with standard shank) 2590kg S700 | A717 Kg 10,4001) 4595 kg 10.0001) SLO0Kq 13,007 | 6290 kg 13.8741 texaaitontnes | “orig ‘oom | OO) Se ee | el Soe oe 45TIP SELECTION FOR THE D8, D9 AND D10 RIPPERS ‘Three different tip configurations are available — economy, moxlerate service, and extreme service — for ‘conomieal operation in a Variety of conditions. The short tip provides the greatest resi breakage but has the least wear material. The interme diate length tip provides higher amount of material for wear resistance, and good resistance against breakage {ram impacts. The longer tip provides the highest wear resistance but, because of length, is not as resistant to Ureskaye as the other tips. tance to ‘The materials being ripped and the tractor or tractors doing the ripping will both have an effect on which tip will do the best job, The following is a general guide to tip application, Tips to use Ripping Condition Ds D910 ‘Tandem Short Short Short Single Shank Extreme Duty Int. Short Short Medium Duty’ Long Int. Abrasive Duty Long Long Always use the longest tip that will wear without ex- cessive breakage. Different tips should be tried to de- termine the most economical to use Kong ESTIMATING RIPPING PRODUCTION Ripping costs must be compared to other methods of loosening the material — usually drilling and blasting, ona cost per bunk cubic yard basis, ‘This, an accuraus estimation of ripper produetion is needed to determine unit ripping costs. © Estimating Production | Rippers ‘here are three general method of estimating rip ping production: 1. The hest metho is to eross-svetion the area and then record the time spent ripping. After the ma- terial has been removed, cross-section the area ‘again to determine the volume of rock removed, we volume divided by the tine spent ripping is the ripping rate in terms of bunk cubie yards per minute or hour. 2. Another method is to record the time spent. rip- ping and to count the scraper loads over a period $f tine, Weighing or estimating. the average load: por-haul unit will yield data whieh can be con: verted to bank cubic yards per ho 3. The least accurate method, bu. valuable for quick estimating on the job, is timing the ripper over a measured distanes, An average cycle time should be determined from a number of timed cycles, urn-around or back-up Gime must be included Measure the average rip distance, rip spacing and depth of penetration. This daia will give the vol lume per cycle from which the production in bank cubic yards can be calculated. Experience has shown results obtained from this method are about 10 to 20% higher than the more accurate method of eruss-sec tioning, Anexample of the measured distance method for cal culating ripper product Data — D9 — No, 9 with one tooth, 36 in. (910 mm) between passes. 1 MPH (1.6 ka/h) average speed (including slippage and stalls), ery 300 ft (91m) requires Ye min, to ras turn, and lower again (300 f¢ (91 1): 24 in. (610 mm) yenetration, Pull time ripping {no pushloading or dozing assign: ment) pivot, 1 pass 49Rippers culating Production Example of Caley (English Measure) Time per pass: 1 MPH ing Production, 88 fpm, ‘hen 500 = 3.41 min, + 26 (turn time) = 3.66 min 88 IF the operator works an average of 45 min. per hr.. 45 itis possible ty make Ma 36 2.8 passes per hr. 100 x 3x2 a Production = 66.7 x 12.3 = 820 ya per hr. Volume ripped 66.7 ya per pass Remember the rosults from this method are usually 10 to 20 per cent higher than the actual production that can be expected on the job, Example of Calculating Production (Metric) ‘Time per pass: 1.6 kamih = 26.7 mimin, ‘Then 2 267 3.41 min, + .25 (turn time 3.66 min. If the operator works an average of 45 min, per hr, itis possible to make 31, = 12.3 passes per br. Volume ripped: 91 mx0.9 Produ 0.6m = 49.1 m*per pass: jon = 49.1 x 12.9 = 604 m® per br. ‘The demands of heavy ripping will increase the nor- ng costs of the tractor, ‘These no less than 30-40% in heavy ripping applications to estimate rock loosening costs, ‘There is no ready answer or rule-of-thumb solution to, predict ripping provluction. Even if everything is known su about the material, job conditions, equipment. and op ferator, only "guesstimate” ean be given, The final answer must come from a production study obtained fn the job site SAMPLE PROBLEM (ENGLISH MEASURE) Determine the loosening costs in the following situation Machine ~ D9H Tractor with 9D Single Shank Ripper Rip Spacing = 3 feot Ripper Penetration — 2 feet Rip Distance — 800 Feet Rip Time — 8.41 minutes Maneuver Time — 0.25 minutes Seismic Velocity Assume 60 Min. Hour Solution: 1. Total Cyele Time eyeleshhour = 16.4 = 6,000 (Feet. per second) 41 + 02 3.66 min, Produetion per eyele = M00%9*2 BCVleyele 2 3. Production = (66.7 BCYlcyele} x (16.4 eycles/he) = 1094 BCY/hour 66.7 4. Remember results of this mothod are usually 10) to 20% high. ‘Actual Production = 80% x 1094 875 BCY hr. 90% x 1094 ‘984 BCYihr. 5. Owning and Operating Costs ‘A DSH ripping could have a $71.89/hr. 0 & O cost including $12/hr. operator 6. Loosening Cost S7L83/Hr. + 875 BCY/hr. = $0.082/BCY 871.83/Hr. + 984 BCY/hr. = $0.079/BCY ‘The loosening cost should range from 7.3¢ to B.20/BCYample Problem (Metric) Jetermine the loosening eosts inthe following situation: Machine — DOH Tractor with 9D Single Shank Ripper Rip Spacing 915 mm Ripper Penetration — 610 mm. Rip Distance 91m Rip Time — 3.41 minutes Maneuver Time 0.25 minutes Seismic Velocity — 1890 {meters per second) ‘Assure 60 Min, Hour olucon 1. Total Cyele Time eyelesthour = 16.4 2, Production per eyele = 91 m x 0.9 m x 0.6 m = 49.1 bicycle 3. Production = (49.1 bmeyele) x (16-4 eyeles/h) = 805 bm'/hour 4, Remember results of this method are usually 10 to 20% high, ‘Actual Production = 80% of 805 bm?th 644 bh (Or 90% of 805 bmiyh = 725 bm'/h 5. Owning and Operating Costs ‘A DSI ripping could have a $71.83/h & O cost including $12/h operator. 6, Loosening Costs STLSSI Ye, > 644 Dmnifh = $0.11 fb? STLSSI Mr. = 725 bmi/h = $0.099/bm* ‘The loosening cost should range from 9.98 to 11.1¢/bm* * Calculating Production * Using Seismic Charts | Rippers USE OF SEISMIC VELOCITY CHARTS ‘The charts of ripper performance estimated by seis mic wave velocities heve been developed from field tests conducted in a variety of materials. Considering the extreme variations among matorials and even among rocks of a specific classification, the charts ‘must be recognized as being at best only one indicator of rippability. ‘Accordingly, consider the following precautions when evalaating the teasibility of ripping a given Formation: — Tooth penetration is often the key to ripping su cess, regardless of seismic velocity. ‘This is par ticularly true in homogeneous materials such as mudstones and cliystones and he fine-grained caliehes. [Lis also true in tightly cemented form: tions such as conglomerates, some glacial tills and cealiches containing roek fragments. Low seismic velocities of sedin-entaries ean ine dicate probable rippaility. However, if the frac tures and bedding joints do not allow tooth pene tration, the material may not be ripped effectively. —Pre-blasting or “popping” may induce sufficient fracturing to permit tooth entry, particularly in the caliches, conglomerates and some other rocks: but the economies should be checked carefully when considering popping in the higher grades of Sandstones, limestones and granites Ripping is still more ort than sefence, and much will depend on the skill and experience of the tractor oper- ‘ator. Ripping for scraper loading may cal for different techniques than if the same material is to be dazed way. If eross-ripping is called for, it, too, requires a ‘change in approach. The number of shanks used, length bf shank and tooth angle, direction, throttle position all must be adjusted according to field conditions en- countered. Iipping success may well depend on the ‘operator finding the proper combination for those conditions, 51Rippers | 07G Ripper Performance * Estimated by Seismic Wave Velocities. ° 1 2 3 ‘ Welosty Wot Pe Second 1oag L__—_a—_L______{___4_—_J_,__ ‘Volosity in Feet Per Second x 1900 0 e 8 oN ee MS TOPSOIL, Lay GLACIAL TILL IGNEOUS ROCKS GRANITE SEDIMENTARY ROCKS SANDSTONE siLrsToN CLAYSTONE CONGLOMERATE BRECCIA coauicHe LMESTON: METAMORPHIC ROCKS SCHIST SuATE MINERALS & ORES. _——_ aaa MARGINAL How APrOLe SSpo Estimated Ripper Production | Rippers 9H WITH 90 SINGLE SHANK D10 WITH SINGLE SIIANK RIPPER , - cagarfare a } |