Colegio de San Juan de Letran

Name : LAZO, MYLES N. Course : ENT112 Date :

01/29/2021
Section : AC2A Professor : ATTY. ARVIN PAJARON

Activity No. 1

Obligations and Contracts

Instruction: In complete sentences, please provide the answer to the following set of questions

1. What is law?

Law in its widest and most comprehensive sense means any rule of action or any
system of uniformity.

Therefore, in general, law determines not only the activities of men as rational beings but
also those movements or motions of all objects of creation, whether animate or inanimate.

2. What are the characteristics of law?

Law has four characteristics and these are; it is a rule of conduct, it is obligatory,
it is promulgated by legitimate authority and it is of common observance and benefit.

3. What are the sources of law in the Philippines?

In the Philippines, our sources of law include the Constitution, legislation,

administrative or executive orders, regulations, and rulings, judicial decisions or
jurisprudence, custom and other sources which are just supplementary and are not binding
on the courts such as the principles of justice and equity, decisions of foreign tribunals,
opinions of text writers, and religion.

4. Explain the concept of  “Conclusive Presumption of Law in the Philippines”

This concept on the Conclusive Presumption of Law is only emphasizing that no one
shall be excused due to ignorance to comply with the law, because we ought to know the
existing law and become law abiding citizens. Though this presumption seems to be far
from reality, it is established because of the law’s obligatory force. To go deeper, If someone
violates a law, even though he is honestly telling that he is not aware that such law exists,
that ignorance of its existence cannot be considered as a valid legal defense to excuse him
from the legal consequences arising from his violation. To say “I don’t know” in the courts
would be useless especially when what is at stake is the life, properties, or liberty of an
individual, particularly if he is disadvantaged or poor—justice from the law will always be the
ultimate end.
 5. How is an obligation defined in the Philippines?

Obligation in the Philippines is defined as a juridical necessity to give, to do, or not to

do. Also, because it came from the Latin word obligatio which means “tying or binding,” it is
further emphasized that an obligation is a tie or bond that is recognized by law by virtue of
which one is bound in favor of another to render something which may consist in giving a
thing, doing a certain act, or not doing a certain act.

6. Name one prestation in obligations in the Philippines, and explain your chosen
prestation.

One of the prestations of obligations in the Philippines is “to give.” This is also classified
as a real obligation in which the subject matter is a thing and the obligor here binds himself so
he must deliver that thing to the obligee. “To give” can constitute a determinate obligation,
which is to deliver a specific or determinate thing, a generic obligation for a juridical necessity to
deliver a generic or thing that’s only identified by its specie and a limited generic obligation
which is to deliver a thing that’s confined to a particular kind or class.