EPILEPSY

Putu Anggia Dimitri Pramesti

1770121078
SGD 3

Block 4.1 Neurology

Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter
Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Warmadewa
2020
 Journal Reading
Article Title : Seizures and Epilepsy
Article Type : Review Article
Author : Emily Johnson
Published Year : 2018
Journal : Medical Clinics of North America
Article Contents
• Definition
• Symptoms
• Types
• Epidemiology
• Etiology
• Differential Diagnosis
• Diagnostic Tests
• Management
 Definition

• Epileptic seizure is a transient occurrence of signs

and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or
synchronous neuronal activity in the brain

• Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain characterized by

an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic
seizures
 Symptoms

• Loss of awareness with body shaking

• Confusion

• Difficulty responding

• Visual or other sensory symptoms

• Isolated posturing or jerking of a single limb

 Types of Seizures
Origin Consciousness Motor symptoms
Focal onset Focal aware Automatism
Focal impaired
Generalized onset Myoclonic jerks
awareness
Tonic-clonic

Grand-mal Petit-mal
 Types of Epilepsy
Tonic clonic
seizures

Generalized Absence seizures

Epilepsy

Myoclonic seizures

Focal aware
seizures
Focal
Focal seizures with impaired
awareness
 Epidemiology

• Epilepsy affects at least 65 million people globally

• High rates in children younger than age 5

• Low incidence of new cases in early adulthood

• Increase in new cases in adults older than 55

 Etiology

• Children : genetic predisposition, congenital

malformations, stroke

• Young adults : traumatic brain injury, infection,

scarring, and tumor

• Older adults : stroke, neurodegenerative disease,

and cerebrovascular disease
Differential Diagnosis
 Diagnosis Tests
EEG Brain imaging
Management
Anti-epileptic drugs

Surgery

Neurostimulation

Dietary treatment
Management
References
Johnson E. 2018. Seizures and
Epilepsy. Medical Clinics of
North America. Viewed 12
September 2020, from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.g
ov/30704683/
THANK YOU