LESSON NOTES

Absolute Beginner S2 #21

A Thai Meal Marathon

CONTENTS
2 Thai
2 English
3 Romanization
5 Vocabulary
5 Sample Sentences
6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage
7 Grammar
9 Cultural Insight

# 21
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 THAI

1. พนักงานเสิร์ฟ: สวัสดีคะ่

2. แดน: สวัสดีครับ ว่ายนํ �ามาทังวั

� นเลยหิวมาก

3. พนักงานเสิร์ฟ: รับอะไรดีคะ

4. แดน: เอาแกงเขียวหวาน กับ ผัดผักรวมครับ

5. พนักงานเสิร์ฟ: ค่ะ แกงเขียวหวาน กับ ผัดผักรวมนะคะ

6. แดน: แล้ วก็ เอา ปอเปี� ยะทอดครับ

7. พนักงานเสิร์ฟ: ค่ะ แกงเขียวหวาน ผัดผักรวม กับ ปอเปี� ยะทอดนะคะ

8. แดน: โอ้ ...แล้ วก็ เอาต้ มข่าไก่ด้วยนะครับ

9. พนักงานเสิร์ฟ: ค่ะ แกงเขียวหวาน ผัดผักรวม ปอเปี� ยะทอด กับ ต้ มข่าไก่นะคะ

10. แดน: อืม...แล้ วก็ เอา ยําทะเลครับ

11. พนักงานเสิร์ฟ: ค่ะ แกงเขียวหวาน ผัดผักรวม ปอเปี� ยะทอด ต้ มข่าไก่ กับ ยําทะเล
เอาข้ าวไหมคะ

12. แดน: ครับ เอาข้ าวสวยสามจานเลยครับ

13. พนักงานเสิร์ฟ: ค่ะ ข้ าวสวยสามจาน

ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER

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1. WAITRESS: Hello.

2. DAN: Hello. I was swimming all day, and now I'm very hungry.

3. WAITRESS: What will you have?

4. DAN: I'll take green curry and stir-fried mixed vegetables.

5. WAITRESS: OK, that's green curry and stir-fried mixed vegetables.

6. DAN: And I'll also have some deep-fried spring rolls.

7. WAITRESS: OK, that's green curry, stir-fried mixed vegetables, and deep-fried
spring rolls.

8. DAN: Oh... And I'll also take chicken coconut soup.

9. WAITRESS: OK, so that's green curry, stir-fried mixed vegetables, deep-fried

spring rolls, and chicken coconut soup.

10. DAN: Ummm...I'll also have seafood salad.

11. WAITRESS: OK, so that's green curry, stir-fried mixed vegetables, deep-fried
spring rolls, chicken coconut soup, and seafood salad. Would you
like any rice?

12. DAN: Yes. I'll take three plates of steamed rice right away.

13. WAITRESS: OK, three plates of steamed rice.

ROMANIZATION

CONT'D OVER

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1. PHÁ-NÁK- sà-wàt-dii khâ.
NGAAN SÓOEP:

2. DAAEN: sà-wàt-dii khráp. wâai-náam maa tháng wan looei hǐu mâak.

3. PHÁ-NÁK- ráp à-rai dii khá.

NGAAN SÓOEP:

4. DAAEN: ao gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan gàp phàt-phàk-ruuam khráp.

5. PHÁ-NÁK- khâ. gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan gàp phàt-phàk-ruuam ná khá.

NGAAN SÓOEP:

6. DAAEN: láaeo gâaw ao bpaaw-bpía-thâawt khráp.

7. PHÁ-NÁK- khâ. gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan phàt-phàk-ruuam gàp bpaaw-bpía-

NGAAN SÓOEP: thâawt ná khá.

8. DAAEN: ôo...láaeo gâaw ao dtôm-khàa-gài dûuai ná khráp.

9. PHÁ-NÁK- khâ. gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan phàt-phàk-ruuam bpaaw-bpía-thâawt

NGAAN SÓOEP: gàp dtôm-khàa-gài ná khá.

10. DAAEN: uuem...láaeo gâaw ao yam-thá-lee khráp.

11. PHÁ-NÁK- khâ. gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan phàt-phàk-ruuam bpaaw-bpía-thâawt

NGAAN SÓOEP: dtôm-khàa-gài gàp yam-thá-lee. ao khâao mǎi khá.

12. DAAEN: khráp. ao khâao-sǔuai sǎam jaan looei khráp.

CONT'D OVER

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13. PHÁ-NÁK- khâ. khâao-sǔuai sǎam jaan.
NGAAN SÓOEP:

VOCABULARY

Thai R omanization English C lass

ว่ายนํ �า wâai-náam to swim Phrase

หิว hǐu to be hungry Verb

ข้ าวสวย khâao-sǔuai streamed rice noun

stir-fried mixed
ผัดผักรวม phàt-phàk-ruuam vegetables noun

จาน jaan dish, plate Noun

deep-fried spring
ปอเปี� ยะทอด bpaaw-bpía-thâawt rolls noun

แกงเขียวหวาน gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan green curry noun

ยําทะเล yam-thá-lee seafood salad noun

chicken coconut
ต้ มข่าไก่ dtôm-khàa-gài soup noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

งูนํ �ากําลังว่ายนํ �าอยู่ใกล้ ๆ กับแนวปะการัง ผู้หญิงหิว

nguu-náam gam-lang wâai-náam yùu glâi-glâi gàp
ผู้ชายที�หิวกําลังมองหาอาหารในตู้เย็น
naaeo bpà-gaa-rang
phûu-yǐng hǐu. phûu-chaai thîi hǐu gam-lang

"The sea snake is swimming near the maawng-hǎa aa-hǎan nai dtûu-yen.

coral reef." "The woman is hungry. The hungry man is

looking for food in the refrigerator."

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เอาข้ าวสวยอีกหนึ�งจานค่ะ ผมกินผัดผักรวมบ่อย
ao khâao-sǔuai ìik nùeng jaan khâ phǒm gin phàt-phàk-ruuam bàawy

"I'll have another plate of steamed rice." "I often eat stir-fried mixed vegetables."

เอาปอเปี� ยะทอดสองจานครับ เด็กผู้ชายกําลังล้ างจาน

ao bpaaw-bpía-thâawt sǎawng jaan khráp dèk-phûu-chaai gam-lang láang jaan

"I'll take two plates of fried spring rolls." "The boy is washing the dishes."

เอาปอเปี� ยะทอดสองจานครับ เขาชอบแกงเขียวหวาน

ao bpaaw-bpía-thâawt sǎawng jaan khráp khǎo châawp gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan

"I'll take two plates of fried spring rolls." "He likes green curry."

ยําทะเลราคาเท่าไหร่ครับ คุณอยากกินต้ มข่าไก่ไหม

yam-thá-lee raa-khaa thâo-rài khráp khun yàak gin dtôm-khàa-gài mǎi

"How much is the seafood salad?" "Do you want to eat chicken coconut
soup?"

VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE

1. แลวก็ (láaeo gâaw)

This is a phrase that means "and also" or "then also." แลว (láaeo) means "and then" when it
begins a statement. ก็ (gâaw) has many uses, but its main meaning is "also." We use แลวก็
(láaeo gâaw) to link two statements together. But it is possible for the statements to be
separated in time. For example, in the conversation, Dan gives the waitress his order, and
she confirms it. Then he continues to order more food, so he begins his sentence with แลวก็
(láaeo gâaw) to link his extra order to the first one. Here are some examples, including the
one from the conversation.

For Example:

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1. แลวก็ เอา ปอเปยะทอดครับ
láaeo gâaw ao bpaaw-bpía-thâawt khráp.
"And I'll also have some deep-fried spring rolls."

2. พรุงนี้ดิฉันตองไปธนาคารแลวก็จะไปตลาด
phrûng-níi dì-chǎn dtâwng bpai thá-naa-khaan láaeo gâaw jà bpai dtà-làat.
"I have to go to the bank tomorrow, and then I'll go to the market."

2. ทั้งวัน (tháng wan)

This phrase means "all day long." ทั้ง (tháng) is an adjective that means "whole" or "entire."
We can also combine it with คืน (khuuen), which means "night," to make the phrase ทั้งคืน
(tháng khuuen), which means "all night long." There is one more phrase that we can make by
combining both of these together. ทั้งวันทั้งคืน (tháng wan tháng khuuen) means "around the
clock" or "all day and night." In a sentence, these phrases will usually go after the verb.

For Example:

1. ทุกๆวันเสารเขาดูหนังทั้งวัน
thúk-thúk wan-sǎo khǎo duu nǎng tháng wan.
"Every Saturday he watches movies all day long."

GRAMMAR

The Focus of This Lesson Is Vocabulary for Methods of Food Preparation and Classifiers
for Ordering Food.
เอาแกงเขียวหวาน และ ผัดผักรวมครับ
ao gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan láe phàt-phàk-ruuam khráp.
"I'll take green curry and stir-fried mixed vegetables."

When ordering food, the most common classifiers used are จาน (jaan), meaning "plate" or
"dish," and ชาม (chaam), meaning "bowl." Often though, when ordering one of any dish, you
don't use a number and instead you simply say the name of the dish you want.

For Example:

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1. เอาแกงเขียวหวาน
ao gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan
"I'll have some green curry."

Usually, you only need to include a number if you want to indicate that you want more than
one of some order.
For Example:

1. เอาปอเปยะทอดสองจาน
ao bpaaw-bpía-thâawt sǎawng jaan.
"I'll have two plates of fried spring rolls."

The names of most dishes indicate the way in which they are cooked or prepared. ผัด (phàt)
means "stir-fried." You can find it at both the beginning of a food name, such as ผัดผักรวม
(phàt-phàk-ruuam), meaning "fried mixed vegetables," or at the end of a food name, such as
ขาวผัด (khâao-phàt), meaning "fried rice." Other cooking methods that become part of food
names are ทอด (thâawt) "deep-fried," ยาง (yâang) "grilled," and อบ (òp) "baked." Examples
of these are ปอเปย ะทอด (bpaaw-bpía-thâawt) "deep-fried spring rolls," ไกย าง (gài-yâang)
"grilled chicken," and มันฝรั่งอบ (man-fà-ràng-òp) "baked potato."

Another word that we use in the name of many Thai dishes is ยํา (yam), which means "salad."
One example that was in the conversation was ยําทะเล (yam-thá-lee), which means "seafood
salad."

There are also two words that we use for the names of soups and curries. ตม (dtôm) means
"boiled." We use it in the names of many soups or soupy dishes, such as ตมยํากุง (dtôm-yam-
gûng) "spicy shrimp soup" and ขาวตม (khâao-dtôm) "rice porridge." Finally, there is the word
แกง (gaaeng), which can mean either "a soup" or "a soupy curry." Probably the most famous
Thai curry is แกงเขีย วหวาน (gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan) "green curry."

Here is a list of some common Thai dishes.

Thai Romanization "English"

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ขาวผัด khâao-phàt "fried rice"

ขาวตม khâao-dtôm "rice porridge"

ขาวมันไก khâao-man-gài "chicken rice"

ไกยาง gài-yâang "grilled chicken"

ปอเปยะทอด bpaaw-bpía-thâawt "deep-fried spring rolls"

ปอเปยะสด bpaaw-bpía-sòt "fresh spring rolls"

"Pad Thai" (Thai fried

ผัดไทย phàt-thai noodles)

ผัดซี◌ิอิ๊ว phàt-sii-íu "noodles fried in soy sauce"

ผัดขี่เมา phàt-khîi-mao "spicy fried noodles"

ผัดผักรวม phàt-phàk-ruuam "fried mixed vegetables"

ตมยํากุง dtôm-yam-gûng "spicy shrimp soup"

ตมขาไก dtôm-khàa-gài "chicken coconut soup"

แกงเขียวหวาน gaaeng-khǐiao-wǎan "green curry"

แกงเผ็ด gaaeng-phèt "spicy red curry"

"Panang curry" (sweet and

spicy curry with coconut
แกงพะแนง gaaeng-phá-naaeng
milk)

CULTURAL INSIGHT

Popular Thai Foods

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In Thai, the phrase กินขาว (gin khâao) literally means "to eat rice," but it generally means "to
eat a meal." Rice is a staple that Thais usually eat for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. There are
not many specialized breakfast foods in Thailand. In a family home, breakfast might just
consist of rice served with some of the leftover meat and vegetable dishes from dinner. The
family might also prepare a simple curry or Thai-style omelette. Otherwise, they might cook a
soupy rice porridge. Another breakfast option is to stop by the market early and pick up freshly
made Chinese-style doughnuts and hot soy milk.

For lunch, it is common for working people to have a single dish served with rice. This could
be a type of curry or a meat-based dish such as stir-fried pork with holy basil. Another quick
option for lunch is to eat noodles, either fried or in a soup. Besides the famous Pad Thai, other
fried noodle dishes include ผัดซี◌ิอิ๊ว (phàt-sii-íu) "noodles fried in soy sauce" and ผัดขี้เมา
(phàt-khîi-mao) "spicy fried noodles."

Dinner is usually eaten in a group. It typically consists of rice served with a number of shared
dishes. A full dinner might include a couple of meat or fish dishes, a vegetable dish, a salad, a
curry, and a soup, along with something sweet for dessert. A different option for a family or
group of friends eating out is to have หมูกะทะ (mǔu-gà-thá). This is where we grill various
types of meat on a special type of round sloping pan. The pan has a ring-shaped reservoir
running around the edge, which you will with water to boil vegetables. You then eat the meat
and vegetables with a dipping sauce using chopsticks. Another similar and equally popular
way to enjoy dinner as a group is to have สุกี้ย ากี้ (sù-gîi-yaa-gîi) or สุกี้ (sù-gîi). This is a dish
that originates from Japan, in which we boil together various meats, vegetables, and tofu in a
pot of broth in the middle of the table. Thai-style suki is much different from the Japanese
version, however. It was actually a development of the ethnic Chinese community in Bangkok.
The distinctive feature of Thai suki is the dipping sauce, which is based on fermented
soybeans with lots of chili and garlic.

Snacking in between meals is very common in Thailand. The term for snacking is กินเลน (gin-
lên), which we could translate as "playful eating." Fresh fruit is one of the most common snack
foods. Bread is also largely considered a snack food in Thailand. Other snacks include all
sorts of fried food, such as everything from cashews to insects.

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