A1.

CPP-ACP:

-Used in several tooth products (toothpastes, chewing gums, mouthrinses) and are as
well used in dental filling material.
- CPP-ACP containing products are supposed to enhance remineralisation of dental hard
tissues and thus might play a major role in prevention and therapy of initial caries or
erosively dissolved enamel.
- in hypersensitive teeth and even cases of hypo-salivation, CPP-ACP containing products
are supposed to improve the clinical condition.
- a milk product
-decrease the count of Strept.

MOA:
Casein phosphopeptide forms nanoclusters with amorphous calcium phosphate thus
providing a pool of calcium and phosphate which can maintain the super saturation of
saliva. Since CPP–ACP can stabilise calcium and phosphate in the solution, it can also help in
the buffering of plaque pH and so calcium and phosphate level in plaque is increased.
Therefore calcium and phosphate concentration within the subsurface lesions is kept high
which results in remineralisation

BENEFITS:
-Anti-erosive action
-Antibacterial activity
-Delays biofilm formation
-Anti-calculus action
-Inhibition of demineralisation and promoting remineralisation of enamel
-high rate of remineralisation
-Dose-dependent response
-Good interaction of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate with fluoride
-Remineralisation of white spot lesions
-Reduced Dentin hypersensitivity

A2. DIFFERENT MATERIALS USED FOR PULPOTOMY:

-Formocresal:
MOA Advantages Disadvantages Success Rate
Equal parts of -The rationale of -Non-restorable clinical success rate
formalin and tricerion fixation is that we -Necrotic of 100% and a
react chemically with may create a -Soon to be radiographic success
the intermediate and tolerable irritation exfoliated of 94%.
end products of which replaces an
pulpal inflammation intolerable infection
to form a new caused by bacteria.
colourless and non
infective
compound of a
harmless nature.

-Calcium hydroxide:
MOA Advantages Disadvantages Success Rate
Calcium hydroxide is -easy application -Diffuse inflammation 72-96%
a white, crystalline, -Resorbs at a faster -Internal resorption
slightly soluble basic rate than that of the
salt that dissociates root
into calcium ions and
hydroxyl ions in
solution and exhibits
a high alkalinity.

-Ferric sulphate:
MOA Advantages Disadvantages Success Rate
Causes coagulation of -Induces favorable -Causes more Greater clinical and
the tissues at the histological results in inflammation than radiographical
entrances of the root the form of formoscerol success than did
canals. secondary dentin and form cresol.
bridging.
-Retention of
maximum vital tissue
and virtual
conservation of the
radicular pulp
without induction of
reparative dentin.

-MTA:
MOA Advantages Disadvantages Success Rate
Induce the formation -Not been found to • It is very expensive 97%
of a dentin bridge at induce internal • It is hydrophilic and
a faster rate than resorption, which has can cause setting
does calcium been observed in when exposed to
hydroxide. The teeth treated with moisture in air. This
tricalcium oxide in some other can be prevented by
MTA reacts with medicaments. placing it in an
tissue fluids to form -better Eppendoff tube after
calcium hydroxide, biocompatibility opening.
resulting in hard-
tissue formation

-Glutareldehyde:
MOA Advantages Disadvantages Success Rate
It is a bifunctional -High molecular -Short shelf life 96%
reagent which allows weight that limits its -has to be freshly
it to form strong intra tissue penetration. prepared
and intermolecular -Has a self-limiting -Buffered sol has to
protein bonds leading penetration, hence, be refrigerated
to superior fixation reduces the extent of
by cross linkages. inflammatory
response.
-Superficial fixation
with very little
underlying
inflammation.

-Zinc-oxide eugenol:
MOA Advantages Disadvantages Success Rate
Cannot eliminate 83%
radicular pulp
inflammation.

A3.Managing the cause:

Pulp capping by direct method because of a pinpoint exposure and
not a wide area.