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Features Descriptio: LT1070/LT1071 5A and 2.5A High Efficiency Switching Regulators
Features Descriptio: LT1070/LT1071 5A and 2.5A High Efficiency Switching Regulators
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TYPICAL APPLICATIO Maximum Output Power*
Boost Converter (5V to 12V) 100
L2
10µH 80
BOOST
5V L1** BUCK/BOOST
POWER (W)**
OUTPUT C3
150µH FILTER 100µF 60 VO = 30V
D1 FLYBACK
VIN 12V 40
VSW ISOLATED
1A
+ R1
C3*
+ LT1070 C2 10.7k
1000µF 20
100µF 1% BUCK/BOOST
FB VO = 5V
GND VC
0
R3 R2 0 10 20 30 40 50
1k 1.24k INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
C1 1%
1070/71 TA02
1µF
*ROUGH GUIDE ONLY. BUCK MODE POUT = 5A • VOUT.
*REQUIRED IF INPUT LEADS ≥ 2" 1070/71 TA01 SPECIAL TOPOLOGIES DELIVER MORE POWER
**PULSE ENGINEERING 92113 **DIVIDE VERTICAL POWER SCALE BY 2 FOR LT1071
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LT1070/LT1071
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1)
Supply Voltage Operating Junction Temperature Range
LT1070/LT1071 (Note 2) .................................... 40V Commercial (Operating) ....................... 0°C to 100°C
LT1070HV/LT1071HV (Note 2) .......................... 60V Commercial (Short Circuit)................... 0°C to 125°C
Switch Output Voltage Industrial ......................................... – 40°C to 125°C
LT1070/LT1071 .................................................. 65V Military (OBSOLETE) ................. – 55°C to 150°C
LT1070HV/LT1071HV ........................................ 75V Storage Temperature Range ................ – 65°C to 150°C
Feedback Pin Voltage (Transient, 1ms) ................ ±15V Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)................. 300°C
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PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION
BOTTOM VIEW ORDER PART ORDER PART
VSW VC NUMBER NUMBER
FRONT VIEW
1
2
LT1070CK LT1070CT
5 VIN
CASE
IS GND
LT1070HVCK 4 VSW
LT1070HVCT
3
4 LT1070HVMK 3 GND LT1070HVIT
VIN FB
LT1070IK 2 FB LT1070IT
K PACKAGE
LT1070MK 1 VC LT1071CT
4-LEAD TO-3 METAL CAN LT1071CK T PACKAGE LT1071HVCT
5-LEAD PLASTIC TO-220
TJMAX = 100°C, θJA = 35°C/ W, QJC = 2°C (LT1070C, I) LT1071HVCK LT1071HVIT
TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 35°C/ W, QJC = 2°C (LT1070M) TJMAX = 100°C, θJA = 75°C/ W, QJC = 2°C (LT1070C, I)
TJMAX = 100°C, θJA = 35°C/ W, QJC = 4°C (LT1071C, I) LT1071HVMK TJMAX = 100°C, θJA = 75°C/ W, QJC = 4°C (LT1071C) LT1071IT
TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 35°C/ W, QJC = 4°C (LT1071M)
LT1071MK
OBSOLETE PACKAGE
Consider the T5 Package for Alternate Source
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN = 15V, VC = 0.5V, VFB = VREF, output pin open unless otherwise specified.
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VREF Reference Voltage Measured at Feedback Pin, VC = 0.8V 1.224 1.244 1.264 V
● 1.214 1.244 1.274 V
IB Feedback Input Current VFB = VREF 350 750 nA
● 1100 nA
gm Error Amplifier Transconductance ∆IC = ±25µA 3000 4400 6000 µmho
● 2400 7000 µmho
Error Amplifier Source or Sink Current VC = 1.5V 150 200 350 µA
● 120 400 µA
Error Amplifier Clamp Voltage Hi Clamp, VFB = 1V 1.80 2.30 V
Lo Clamp, VFB = 1.5V 0.25 0.38 0.52 V
Reference Voltage Line Regulation 3V ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX, VC = 0.8V ● 0.03 %/V
AV Error Amplifier Voltage Gain 0.9V ≤ VC ≤ 1.4V 500 800 V/V
Minimum Input Voltage ● 2.6 3.0 V
IQ Supply Current 3V ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX, VC = 0.6V 6 9 mA
Control Pin Threshold Duty Cycle = 0 0.8 0.9 1.08 V
● 0.6 1.25 V
Normal/Flyback Threshold on Feedback Pin 0.4 0.45 0.54 V
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LT1070/LT1071
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN = 15V, VC = 0.5V, VFB = VREF, output pin open unless otherwise specified.
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VFB Flyback Reference Voltage IFB = 50µA 15 16.3 17.6 V
● 14 18.0 V
Change in Flyback Reference Voltage 0.05 ≤ IFB ≤ 1mA 4.5 6.8 8.5 V
Flyback Reference Voltage Line Regulation IFB = 50µA, 3V ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX (Note 3) 0.01 0.03 %/V
Flyback Amplifier Transconductance (gm) ∆IC = ±10µA 150 300 650 µmho
Flyback Amplifier Source and Sink Current VC = 0.6V, IFB = 50µA (Source) ● 15 32 70 µA
VC = 0.6V, IFB = 50µA (Sink) ● 25 40 70 µA
BV Output Switch Breakdown Voltage 3V ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX, ISW = 1.5mA
(LT1070/LT1071) ● 65 90 V
(LT1070HV/LT1071HV) ● 75 90 V
VSAT Output Switch “On” Resistance (Note 4) LT1070 ● 0.15 0.24 Ω
LT1071 ● 0.30 0.50 Ω
Control Voltage to Switch Current LT1070 8 A/V
Transconductance LT1071 4 A/V
ILIM Switch Current Limit (LT1070) Duty Cycle ≤ 50%, TJ ≥ 25°C ● 5 10 A
Duty Cycle ≤ 50%, TJ < 25°C ● 5 11 A
Duty Cycle = 80% (Note 5) ● 4 10 A
Switch Current Limit (LT1071) Duty Cycle ≤ 50%, TJ ≥ 25°C ● 2.5 5.0 A
Duty Cycle ≤ 50%, TJ < 25°C ● 2.5 5.5 A
Duty Cycle = 80% (Note 5) ● 2.0 5.0 A
∆IIN Supply Current Increase During 25 35 mA/A
∆ISW Switch “On” Time
f Switching Frequency 35 40 45 kHz
● 33 47 kHz
DC (Max) Maximum Switch Duty Cycle 90 92 97 %
Flyback Sense Delay Time 1.5 µs
Shutdown Mode Supply Current 3V ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX, VC = 0.05V 100 250 µA
Shutdown Mode Threshold Voltage 3V ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX 100 150 250 mV
● 50 300 mV
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of t = Minimum “on” time of LT1070/LT1071 in current limit, ≈1µs
a device may be impaired. f = Operating frequency (40kHz)
Note 2: Minimum switch “on” time for the LT1070/LT1071 in current limit is VF = Forward voltage of external catch diode at ILIMIT
≈1µs. This limits the maximum input voltage during short-circuit conditions, ILIMIT = Current limit of LT1070 (≈ 8A), LT1071 (≈ 4A)
in the buck and inverting modes only, to ≈ 35V. Normal (unshorted) conditions RL = Internal series resistance of inductor
are not affected. Mask changes are being implemented which will reduce Note 3: VMAX = 55V for LT1070HV and LT1071HV to avoid switch
minimum “on” time to ≤ 1µs, increasing maximum short-circuit input voltage breakdown.
above 40V. If the present LT1070/LT1071 (contact factory for package date Note 4: Measured with VC in hi clamp, VFB = 0.8V. ISW = 4A for LT1070
code) is being operated in the buck or inverting mode at high input voltages and 2A for LT1071.
and short-circuit conditions are expected, a resistor must be placed in series Note 5: For duty cycles (DC) between 50% and 80%, minimum
with the inductor, as follows: guaranteed switch current is given by ILIM = 3.33 (2 – DC) for the
The value of the resistor is given by: LT1070 and ILIM = 1.67 (2 – DC) for the LT1071.
t • f • VIN – VF
R= – RL
ILIMIT
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LT1070/LT1071
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Switch Current Limit vs Duty Cycle Maximum Duty Cycle Flyback Blanking Time
16 96 2.2
FOR LT1071, DIVIDE
14 VERTICAL SCALE BY 2
95 2.0
12
SWITCH CURRENT (A)
94 1.8
TIME (µs)
– 55°C 25°C
8 93 1.6
6 125°C
92 1.4
4
91 1.2
2
0 90 1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 –75 – 50 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –75 – 50 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
DUTY CYCLE (%) JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
1070/71 G01 1070/71 G02 1070/71 G03
1.4 22
2.8
MINIMUM INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
150°C
1.2 21 RFEEDBACK = 500Ω
2.3 0 15
–75 – 50 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 – 75 – 50 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (°C) SWITCH CURRENT (A) TEMPERATURE (°C)
1070/71 G04 1070/71 G05 1070/71 G06
3 TJ = 150°C FREQUENCY
REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
1.246 40 600
2 TJ = 25°C
1.244 39 500
1
REFERENCE
0 TJ = – 55°C 1.242 V0LTAGE 38 400
–1 1.240 37 300
–2
1.238 36 200
–3
1.236 35 100
–4
–5 1.234 34 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 – 75 – 50 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 – 75 – 50 – 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
1070/71 G08 1070/71 G09
1070/71 G07
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LT1070/LT1071
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Supply Current vs Supply Voltage
Driver Current* vs Switch Current Supply Current vs Input Voltage* (Shutdown Mode)
160 16 160
TJ = 25°C TJ = 25°C
140 15 140
90% DUTY CYCLE
14
120 120
DRIVER CURRENT (mA)
TRANSCONDUCTANCE (µmho)
FEEDBACK PIN VOLTAGE (mV)
9
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (mV)
8 350
250 –250 7 VSUPPLY = 60V 300 25°C
5
LT1070/LT1071
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Transconductance of Error
Switch “Off” Characteristics VC Pin Characteristics Amplifier
1000 300 7000 – 30
TJ = 25°C
900 6000 0
200 θ
TRANSCONDUCTANCE (µmho)
800
VFB = 1.5V 5000 30
SWITCH CURRENT (µA)
PHASE (°)
0
500 3000 90
VSUPPLY =
–100 VFB = 0.8V
400 2000 120
(CURRENT OUT OF VC PIN)
300 3V 15V 40V 55V – 200
1000 150
200
– 300 0 180
100
0 – 400 –1000 210
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M
SWITCH VOLTAGE (V) VC PIN VOLTAGE (V) FREQUENCY (Hz)
1070/71 G19 1070/71 G21
1070/71 G20
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BLOCK DIAGRAM 16V
SWITCH
VIN
OUT
2.3V FLYBACK
REG ERROR
AMP
MODE ANTISAT
SELECT
COMP
–
FB
ERROR VC
+ AMP
+
SHUTDOWN CURRENT 0.02Ω
CIRCUIT AMP (0.04Ω LT1071)
1.24V –
REF GAIN ≈ 6
0.15V
1070/71 BD
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OPERATION
The LT1070/LT1071 is a current mode switcher. This voltage is obtained by using the output of a voltage
means that switch duty cycle is directly controlled by sensing error amplifier to set current trip level. This
switch current rather than by output voltage. Referring to technique has several advantages. First, it has immediate
the Block Diagram, the switch is turned “on” at the start response to input voltage variations, unlike ordinary
of each oscillator cycle. It is turned “off” when switch switchers which have notoriously poor line transient
current reaches a predetermined level. Control of output response. Second, it reduces the 90° phase shift at
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LT1070/LT1071
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OPERATION
midfrequencies in the energy storage inductor. This transformer coupled flyback topology regulator. By regu-
greatly simplifies closed-loop frequency compensation lating the amplitude of the flyback pulse, the output
under widely varying input voltage or output load condi- voltage can be regulated with no direct connection be-
tions. Finally, it allows simple pulse-by-pulse current tween input and output. The output is fully floating up to
limiting to provide maximum switch protection under the breakdown voltage of the transformer windings.
output overload or short-circuit conditions. A low drop- Multiple floating outputs are easily obtained with addi-
out internal regulator provides a 2.3V supply for all tional windings. A special delay network inside the LT1070/
internal circuitry of the LT1070/LT1071. This low drop- LT1071 ignores the leakage inductance spike at the
out design allows input voltage to vary from 3V to 60V leading edge of the flyback pulse to improve output
with virtually no change in device performance. A 40kHz regulation.
oscillator is the basic clock for all internal timing. It turns
The error signal developed at the comparator input is
“on” the output switch via the logic and driver circuitry.
brought out externally. This pin (VC) has four different
Special adaptive antisat circuitry detects onset of satura- functions. It is used for frequency compensation, current
tion in the power switch and adjusts driver current limit adjustment, soft starting and total regulator shut-
instantaneously to limit switch saturation. This mini- down. During normal regulator operation this pin sits at
mizes driver dissipation and provides very rapid turn-off a voltage between 0.9V (low output current) and 2.0V
of the switch. (high output current). The error amplifiers are current
A 1.2V bandgap reference biases the positive input of the output (gm) types, so this voltage can be externally
error amplifier. The negative input is brought out for clamped for adjusting current limit. Likewise, a capacitor
output voltage sensing. This feedback pin has a second coupled external clamp will provide soft start. Switch
function; when pulled low with an external resistor, it duty cycle goes to zero if the VC pin is pulled to ground
programs the LT1070/LT1071 to disconnect the main through a diode, placing the LT1070/LT1071 in an idle
error amplifier output and connects the output of the mode. Pulling the VC pin below 0.15V causes total
flyback amplifier to the comparator input. The LT1070/ regulator shutdown, with only 50µA supply current for
LT1071 will then regulate the value of the flyback pulse shutdown circuitry biasing. See AN19 for full application
with respect to the supply voltage. This flyback pulse is details.
directly proportional to output voltage in the traditional
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS (Note that maximum output currents are divided by 2 for the LT1071)
G D R2**
Q1 R1*
D1 S Q1
VIN D1
VSW VIN
VSW
1070/71 TA03
1070/71 TA03
1070/71 TA16
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LT1070/LT1071
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS (Note that maximum output currents are divided by 2 for the LT1071)
+ C2
D1 LOAD
L1** 1000µF R1
200µH 4.64k
VIN – 5.2V
VSW
4.5A
C3
+ Q1
LT1070 2N3906
100µF
OPTIONAL INPUT
FILTER FB
GND VC
L3 OPTIONAL
C1 OUTPUT
+ C4
R2 FILTER 200µF
R3
1.24k
VIN L2
– 20V 4µH
*REQUIRED IF INPUT LEADS ≥ 2"
1070/71 TA12
**PULSE ENGINEERING 92113
+ MINIMUM
R1 C1 LOAD = 10mA – VOUT
5V
T1 10A
R5 C3 1:N
• D1 R4
12k VOUT – 0.6V
Q1 R1 =
2N3906 1mA
VIN
VSW •
+
LT1070
FB
GND VC
R3 R2
1.24k
C2
1070/71 TA13
– VIN
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LT1070/LT1071
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS (Note that maximum output currents are divided by 2 for the LT1071)
LT1070 N ≈ 0.25
R2 R7
1k 1.24k D1
FB
GND VC VIN
7
– 2
R3 V+
680Ω 6 R5
+ V – LM308
C5* COMP 3 + 5k
100µF 4
C1
0.33µF 8 R4
200pF 1.24k
VOUT
5V
R1 + 10A
*REQUIRED IF INPUT LEADS ≥ 2" 5k C2
5000µF
1070/71 TA19
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LT1070/LT1071
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS (Note that maximum output currents are divided by 2 for the LT1071)
R4 C3
680Ω 0.68µF R4 C3 D1
I VOUT
1W
28V
TOTAL N 4A
D2 1 INDUCTANCE = 4mH D2
VIN INTERLEAVE PRIMARY VIN
VSW L1 VSW
AND SECONDARY FOR
+ N=5
LOW LEAKAGE
+ R1
VIN VIN 27k
15V LT1070 INDUCTANCE 16V TO 24V LT1070
R1 D1 +
98k VOUT C1
FB 100V FB
GND VC GND VC
300mA
R3 R2 + C1 R2
R3
10k 1.24k 1.24k
200µF
C2 C2
0.047µF
D2 •
C3 R6
R3 R2
1k 5k
VSW
VIN • +
VIN T1
VSW 1:N Q1 C1
2N3906
R1
+ C1
RO
R1*
+
LT1070
27k
(MINIMUM +
C4* 1000µF LOAD) LT1070/LT1071
470µF + C3 – VOUT
FB
GND VC 10µF
FB V – 1.6V
GND VC *R1 = OUT
R3 R2 200µA
3.3k 1.24k R4
L1 R5
C2 1.24k
200µH 0.22µF D1 VOUT
VIN C2
–28V 1070/71 TA17
–15V – VIN
*REQUIRED IF INPUT LEADS ≥ 2" 1A 1070/71 TA15
VIN
VSW
VX
LT1070/LT1071 LT1070/LT1071
+ R2
VIN = 2V
FB
GND VC GND VC
D1
R1
500Ω
R1
1k
Q1 R2
C1 1070/71 TA04
1000pF C2
RS NOTE THAT THE LT1070/LT1071
GND PIN IS NO LONGER COMMON
TO VIN– 1070/71 TA06
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LT1070/LT1071
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS (Note that maximum output currents are divided by 2 for the LT1071)
Flyback Converter
CLAMP TURN-ON
VSNUB SPIKE
L2
10µH V + VF
a PRIMARY FLYBACK VOLTAGE = OUT
VIN N
OPTIONAL C4 b LT1070/LT1071 SWITCH VOLTAGE
FILTER 200µF 0V AREA “a” = AREA “b” TO MAINTAIN
ZERO DC VOLTS ACROSS PRIMARY
D1 VOUT + VF
VOUT
VIN
5V c (N)(VIN) SECONDARY VOLTAGE
20V TO 30V 1 N 0V AREA “c” = AREA “d” TO MAINTAIN
C3 6A
R4
0.47µF
• + d ZERO DC VOLTS ACROSS SECONDARY
C1
2000µF ∆I
D2 • IPRI
VIN
VSW
N = 1/3 PRIMARY CURRENT
+ C4*
R1 0
LT1070 3.74k IPRI N
100µF
SECONDARY CURRENT
FB 0
GND VC IPRI
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PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
K Package T Package
4-Lead TO-3 Metal Can 5-Lead Plastic TO-220 (Standard)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1311) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1421)
0.760 – 0.775
0.320 – 0.350
(19.30 – 19.69)
(8.13 – 8.89)
0.060 – 0.135 0.147 – 0.155 0.165 – 0.180
(1.524 – 3.429) 0.390 – 0.415 (3.734 – 3.937) (4.191 – 4.572) 0.045 – 0.055
(9.906 – 10.541) DIA (1.143 – 1.397)
0.013 – 0.023
0.167 – 0.177
(0.330 – 0.584)
(4.24 – 4.49)
0.067
R BSC 0.028 – 0.038 0.135 – 0.165
(1.70) T5 (TO-220) 0399
(0.711 – 0.965) (3.429 – 4.191)
0.490 – 0.510
72° (12.45 – 12.95) * MEASURED AT THE SEATING PLANE
18° R
K4(TO-3) 1098
OBSOLETE PACKAGE
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11
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no represen-
tation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
LT1070/LT1071
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS (Note that maximum output currents are divided by 2 for the LT1071)
L1
D1 10µF
15V
1:N
R4 C3 + C1
+ C5
1.5k 0.47µF • N
500µF 200µF
COM
N
+ C4 L2 + C6
VIN 500µF 10µF 200µF
• –15V
VSW
+V + C5*
N = 0.875 = 7:8
IN FOR VOUT = 15V
5V 100µF LT1070/LT1071
≈16V
FB SWITCH VOLTAGE
GND VC VIN
500Ω tOFF tON
0V
R2 VF
C2 5k VOUT (DIODE FORWARD VOLTAGE)
0.01µF
SECONDARY VOLTAGE
0V
*REQUIRED IF INPUT LEADS ≥ 2" 1070/71 TA07
(N)(VIN)
Forward Converter
L1
D1 70µH VOUT
T1
5V
I M N 6A
R4 C2 • • +
D2 C1
2000µF
D3 •
VIN
VSW
VIN LT1070 D4 R1
20V TO 30V 3.74k
FB
GND VC
Q1
R6 R2
R3 1.24k
C4 330Ω R5
1Ω
C3
1070/71 TA18
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