ap oe gly CSN ag? yaaa VASA call dar OL aga ass eS eedase Lely Sul fh dead) Al hall yer fla Calo pla ans SII Wha asi By jill ave Uy dy Cala gi dnd — Lisi Bah ote pth Jy pal ple pd tae ot ESI Mia ig wt «ny AS 5 Hy US Hy Hp gSl aptly gall LUIS y Gelyty dye ae Yel bal hy 2] GF CURLE Gane Waylartly [1] CIT y deel ABH J hier Yeah per EIN ue po ys LS? weds 2ST cal Oblny Heda dedbadd GUN gl ul st radll Le a db F «tay gies lad Bc sally go ONN94 po G SLI gd Sadly Jy Ov pathy Bhs ot edt ots ei Lede wes GB ll oy By Aap ght Ob yo eben foal aye eg aeyy S pely de ly OLA GS SABLE My CLM oy Gl : » gy Gia) de Biyb Gb tee gps Go Na Nype Seal beat O98 oe Gi ae Lat gb ASM eal ght SE cabal ot Mery Lge Op SF SI Min gels tiles tay 8 08 OI Jab et do diy Lawl SL il OG Oly 5 A} Wn legen gle st jot ohh 7 - dis owe ab aslo ee pS se (2) ARI ual y pS! she} oe ems,st! jad olen) LATTICES cai olde 1-5 Ordered Relations pt tpl gan ae op ng one ATE yung eh A JBN a ely Sea pS «PU Wye Col) Slagle ny pip apible gos tepbl ge nig A: OTN) AF 5 RMN by p20 13) Ley 131 1 § gx JS) ate OF she Hewes RY Sop yo x Oe ge Dg « sey OB yRx 5 amy OF V3} al gle AWE RY aeyex pois Silage G39 xe OY yRe 9 xRy cae 13) al gle Ayce RY = Sy poy ie ap pt Re oF Bole tle Dally s Beth ge xipiyxry Say RAVI sae pA US (SE Jyh US. xty WSIS amy OS 1] Ly Blacy OS y abet SM wey Ball STS oy GE se hy A AAI! x egg y Syity yor JOH puoi pe ye gar este BG -IWY) Jue _ her M dena)HE ie FMD (00 0 end m) min BAS CVV) Ste + engl dereall oe de yee BE geal jan eds Cle ap I aes (V—V—4) diode SO greed Lally 39 a gl OLS St) ll tide Cad fod Lal pm he ogee hor $3 pth DH 0d dy Lea Ged Brels ote OSs gly xsy OS Sh y pail SY x petal oo lage dry ce Of le ad x pal +S oPay JS Tes oe RB OSS 5-11,235,9 BS yeh SS (W-V—9) ls 2 dist JSasy RCD) 5 1.2) 5 2:2) + 23) 13) 3,3) 515), 65).67), (1.7) .(.} lb aed ON Oey. mT ork op dae ht a ol BDC by (1.1) JSS gS dist (1) JSs ~V Wir Mie de gat oo (1. JS SSR) OF ysx gf acy OLS 13) oy ite (8,5) Wie TaN ie gah oe yan OI pall OS yesh Vy eels sha esas poll y OWS I ows bie ge OSs «Ci Mlee 95742 op pail OFAN) ell J asf LogsCag Me 5 de gabl les ikl asl De OS(Y-I-)) BS LS odin 3 (8,5) Ae eth po - caagllnn Sg cu poe gh OS 13) IT Dakace se gab of sf Gb OS typ te pt ety pA at JS le ENTE Jak eS (YN Y) Maelo eH La ly ny OKs ie x pall By ral a (1.2) JSass P-Y—9) Sel gle cabo. (1.2) J (is gab 0), Seti) He pared Bp do et PH) SS EVN) Je JS a — 0 Say Wiz Ly POE) 3} o 4.3) J 1 ab yo! tad ($3 (0-9-9) dk G={2,3,4,6,9,12, 18}+ Qldl JRalUs de path le di we RDS Sd, AE sllally So yox GK Lage Ld yd Leth x OS 13) addy 151 ery «BUA odlb ole Labat y aor hh Obed manly gli Gad 3 BYE R of “ARK OB Sidley dandd ens S or pair sf Of bert: Joi OSs any x= Box OP SY) xepy y y= ax Of dd dine yRe y apy IS 13} : +S ct yx poll! 955 loge W3y rey lz mpax Od any ampy g yaox Old Lis yRe y xRy OW SS +S oA zy sx QS loge U3 y ape of et abt y er MON ON feat ds ie Ga ME R OF ted Gow Uf = Sal le 1d) JS LS Na old Y r () (4-1) (Resi QZ, Nyt op IS le 2 Halal Gag a dle OA V—9) Slee Fa yp Ne 9% 8 (0,<),(Z,5),(N, 9) DE ply. AS OB oo Ls yet ISI she t Ble Ugle G sally P(S) Syl de yet SS. US «LY le capes le Spb 8 de gab CIS I US SyLie epee B Sly. Lig Lip gat (8,7) SI (POI) has tS je Gilly Be gal gle 2 DIL ypae OS Line 8 ye Ae gb 5 Spy OBB ty sx Sage wl gle der HTD sy se pr ap Ape yet (By <,) gen WS xs y OF 13} Lely 131 1 OS Uae Wir hip te pet 6,5) SS (E-V—9) Be lage Udy a2 x OS WIS G pel paw dla e s pas of Sei -) Sox x ot lage t3y xd OW WS db yST poe (pas bb eS pawl dO} dy -¥ “Sot OWS Ns bs ytel pare acs pall 0} J yi 1 xsa> wa, VxreS 2 OW Ws b gabe! Lae ye bs peel O} Sti € bsx > =b,V xeS ae pe pee pawl OSS, <) Wye al de ett 9 al bods ib dene ah Sah Bll rae 2 £Y sash sd! - dal shy! Dey de yrues 8 Hs yorall PS) 3 yl de got OY (V-V—1) dee 18 ST pas hyo ge del bic LB depedall Gog pl Shy 5 yo N dangled! Lie ds gat OY 1(AN—1) Je eye gop US, . gabiel pair Ud Sy tall wp Ael nae «Spel pais Vb Leer Gg gl de CAN op AS pres Le (Ss Wg Ley hye epee Id (VWITY) bs «Ne se ty gtel pase oer y S's I le ely gels -4-FAS Ss babel was 5, O11. § oe Leis 8, (SJ: Ota yi SOLS ISP. S1< 8, OS a8 8 Gy ST Lai doy alld Vy Glial S, < TEAS IS, pare dry A Vy Cplbll ole Whar 5S alee! Se pains G25 OF Of Akucll ole OY agua § de got Of ey. Say sy SOF eS ge x Sy Lage HS Sica Se =x OS 13 a8 Sys s oe 1 SMe Sl Sg tel pas oye y de om yi Ulin dy gary, ltl aie dies Lege pb (8,5) WS jx Aa Ml Be god! CaS 133) (7-1-9) dao odin de set sf dbacl sazrol pole de ie yatl ola syd of Se + pelisd Lip Meet 1 Sy pr Lip eget (8,5) SI 200-99) st 2 Of ad Line s oe Alle yb tes, te Ti 0S etse § pat dry I-49 el Wor Sept s pail Sry. lel am 8 Oly eM os Sat TO! yi + Olid! Ob pa) AF 13) s Sup T [Sas U3 Cay T ie gama) Urol TAs gemal deltr yas—i sss Ord si geie gi sas wy—o POG q ¢ S pases l-¥ q@ Lage Jy $e gad op acs OS: Ong « ggasl gal dor ay y al do ay OY US y ay dul bah 28 A yx SS lage Fa) (Zs8) 2 dist Say Selly f(x)=x°+2 gl ol ae dads pada # f(x)a-842 «Sea ald SIE Lad 9909 3! 09S aeOm yy Lattices Yer eee GV OSs By (8,5) Wir AIM He gdh (V-V-9) Cw 2 JSG S jayiye gba sf paliel shar td Inf (x, yJ=xay + SSNS jasiy eG lasrl sg pel leur Sup {x,y}=xvy (SySyAsV) 2 AM Ub jay ASD goed Lie gle Dally s dF poral) P(S) 5 yll de gat SI 1(Y—Y—1) Site OY gad. ctl aaa A= 5M S sv=1 Us : V8i5%CP(S) inf {$,,8.}=8. Ns 2 Ol sup {81,82} =si1Us ris’, Fp A OL 6 yet! Sb gees Kb [S23 (P(8),0,V,0) Op Siduy i + 845 yore!) IS mo JREs phaadl We der ght degree! a6) de got 0) (YN) Ste Oy gee x" Sib al TG deeds sup {x,y}=xvy = oN S pal) asual inf (x,y }axay = @BO S ntl qld) AI AUF! Gat ll De CF de gat odin O $= (1,2,5,10,) CIS 1S 2 BIS) [Rabi 5 OS le baba y Sb [S25 Lell Aide = Veeen JS pl 8 lye JS [Sts 2.3) JS B clbtbeall or car (POP N ) te 8 e e 4 b 4 ‘ . a @ » > © aod 8 ¢ : vs f _ ? 2 a e \ © o 4 @ b a 2) JS» bared boiy ITE oF BLE A (1) 1(e),(a) DUA oe AS OI: Jt Logry hive WIS y sey nb and OY ISS Jed 0b)fe,c} db gareall af tm yra,d pobwl oe IS OY Ir ec) () dabaseli + ate nec ne Ob Sidly cust pb Ay sere sb dvg WIS yay shane OY ISH fred bball Wis, = eagl VOLS NY La St ged (8 .<,v 50) KAN YAY AN) ays OF BG apt ow. goltel ysl toy tel def ir s UM Ue eye mae les" 0" yay shal pas dle Set Ul EE pb y Ia Kb of Lapp Ss By ys) Lie Lal ds gett of eal go 1 yay ST asl dats 0 5S dats KAS days OF LS”. Wagl Ib JL25 (8, <) Kets «AA IS 5 0 55 Regain Ko cl OY WS’ Ue GE ND Bab 4 985 (8,5) old pr ASA de eb (V POY) Abi gh Ul de dey § He gt yo MANE phy dagase Ai pr de gat oY OS 13) «Babel ef tony colbel Lis god Mt Sy (\) byl GAY Wir La yt Ue gat (8,5) GSS: Olah OSy Due M=(a} CIT Ws we ob diye Goi SI Le bi Leth oye ey Lay sup M= inf M=a + GROW EW Aly oa ol ALI yay Seas sup fay b} aac pry pM Of Old M ={a,b,c} OV! gSS dily ese ydse cbsd casd O}.e=mupM oles. e-supfd.c} Sal ge ce Mik MAb gol ot x att Jol ow xe diel! Leth! Gry asf Op Seday psy 5 acy OPM de serell lie y OF 13) Wis, -\-OlLisyesy Oe,d sy Ol qmudany csy OP anti cunlly .e=supM Ob e=sup{d,c} M= {295 ssesseee paar eee si cal” 13} : op Pay Sup M OpS, Sup {... sup { sup {081}, } 9 Bes} A> MAS goreall dor gy al qed dy gal hae plasty. ol ple! di yey GUS s inf M g6f gelael yal 2 OF gated (VATION) Ae ghall ge (VTIN) das (es(Cao V air) ¥ 2) vos) V Bact = SUP { 05 -oerBar } + OP es’y Coee((itg A 1) A Ap) oooe) A net = Inf { a9 y ooessint } LB iy 8 Sly ls to gad BiH! Ole god! St O} (Y=) Jee pe tel paved yd la Ro JS3 (P(S) 45 V4) SSsy Lie bl pe Ad pal CY Ofy . g keyed go gS pally ASE de yb 1 OF Faw oda qblat as Gilley obi! yal do dary SoS Aish! Sa Qe Jol oe Sy Inf A= 4S. sup A=Uy Sq OF gi Spoil od g laser! ga g dei) le) I oly M CAS BI Ae gat ged I (Sys,v.0) SI UPOYOY) aw 1 Gist b 2) giF 131 8 yo Ax as xvyeM 9 xayeM Oby,xeM IS N3} glad Sy St 085 US 2 A I a OY CO-VN) De pees op Ups Li pr We yok ely ALI de gat Of US. ablbsly ¢ Lear! Koad db xsy OS 19 ple [Sty Wir OSS Val OSG try anysBS on pot IS or AM [x,y] Gall JIB GB <,v,0) doer lb git As gr IS JSuty x ga ibd Bip yuy T & sorcall - WS RS (8.55V50) AS .25) OF Co Wayne U at CAL LM poll sitet £4 Direct products of lattices LS, Lu Sl pgldl S5eS ole d gale [St Us 5p OK arg pil) SA penny Badr KD oly Gob Lae SF 3 peotlead platy pO a ey JUAN gt LAS" ES oy tbc oe i OSs = libel SUM ¢ got sf pi Tis yl yp x Ofer (x,y) Tis IS He got: ( \-t-3) ay + dh 2 git gyn Up SAN ie yal ny Wiz ast LN dysa 9 M Guise OW 15] Labs 13) Cu o91)s (no ¥) LM XN GMI Selbed jay Wie May! 6 gareall pl SUL gees | S.cts JS eS GS, S pblt stael = ( \-t-4) bi Guy sey hv ge) pee OL. Caryn) Gang) 51% Ss OSI: Ola! cipal oid lel Mr OSs Sisby Go.) 3 Guy) canal de eet wheel al gi#y Gare) Cag) cura AT gel Me Cun) OS VL, wrHVve Ohad gee) es Ht ap Gury Sidby nem 62m (a v)2CnvmsyVy) Og Gey venvye ON Sd Ugendi Ol phd ¢ Lat OTA oe Way. (uvaisyivy2) = Cro yd ¥ Ca¥) OF 4d Heya hw Gamer y (arms ysA¥2) = Ons y) A Ca¥) 2 SB PSX SSVI) of ud JO Wig =\4-JSA5(S,5,UN) Ob. S=(O ya} Me getl LW SS 1(V-E-9) Slee Bg oles bh? 5 Sy Lal Rb JOA (SX Sy<,v,n) FES Ks + G1) Sas ({a},{a}) ({a},®) (©, {a}) @o) G1) JS Pd a Bold Landy Sb JRA 36 stl ald OF (Y-E-1y Je Aa SAN ASA oud cel ae By geg pl chy a cv CUD dnl Aide BE S53 3,1,v,0) JRE ye ARI al ents pole BOG Ge 36 + (4.2) Jd) SB ole (4.2) JS M={@,a} OSS WH E-9 ) dt (a,b) Sell bbl am Wie Obs ys Ole yet N={O,b,c,d,e} + aigll eo bd @ ) (4.3) JS Leak lh eA! lam St ge (4.3) JSAII g cabo on IS Of Bodh + ddl (4.4) SRN de (4.4) JS OMENS. V 5A) PRUE pay ALD OF BLE 98 SIO} -=y-CAR LW daatt el dt 0-9 Algebraic Properties of Lattices oe any. babe dy ger aly ISA Sv cn slat! OUD Of aylall ya CH.) pled Se Lidley cata pally Qadkl ole dacs el ght Bgl ayy OTE ams Sat al gle Cv yn) ot Yel Lies (S,5,v,0) A ge pele xyyyz CAT I Y-0-9 ) a PASS pl gh! gins “gf dee —4 XAK=K , xvrex 1 Abdel debiry XAY=YAX 0 xVY=yvx 1 Aer! Lo —y (xay)azHxa(yaz) 5 (xvy)v =xv(yvz) dine oxcy OWN: Gibdl doe -¢ XAy=x 0, xvy=y 1 plasl dete —o XA(XVY)=K> 4 | XV(KAy)=x Oy Say 5yyp THN by sll ANd! Str] le Ola ly eKiw : Oba gSh «Ry Le ne Ay dere Ul Leib Gesy xvasx OS ius xx Ofity xcxve WHI xvesx 10 ole -¥ xvy=Sup {x,y}=Sup{y,x}=yvx (xvy)vz=Sup{x,y,z} Ol -¥" -vr-Ob didlby xv (yvz)=Sup {x,y,z} iS’ y (avy) vz=xv(yvz) xvysyvysy Ogg ditexsy Oo I-£ eyexvy Oldd diluy ysxvy of ey xexaxsxay OP xsy OS late Awd S e xayex Ofud Mas xaysx Oly xsxny aay xaysx gy xsx Oy xy=xvy>f(y)=f(avy)=f(x)vily) aref(x) f(x) Af(x)=0 :aty XvP=l= fever )=f(1)>f(x)vf(x)=1 OE Gow bl ej tory =[t(xyr DCG) 1 svar) OSES bald gS I-44) Suse # GBT [SAH dO Sys aiken eK A le LLY O!. (P fab }CyU,n) are{ab} x @ YY : ; {®} \ © @ (9.1) S&S | (ab) MEST deel one ot 5 Sot ppd rye az dr ob Gly pry S Oweo(rrasrvay geloys Kah e:S>[0,alx[a.t] atads ahd gill Oglb le lalael : JH! xny>( (aay) ras (xay)vaya( aaa) a (yra)s(xvayalyvay) 2 Madd 0 9Sy AS AN g poU elshl Ci ah le lalastly e(x)Ae(y) =( (xnayalyaa)s(xvaa(yva) ) 2 Of qatiend ain @(xay)=0(x) A e(y) 1 OF Ad gent dy bi -Yv- TF@(xvy) =8(x) v e(y) OT 3}. Galea HOW gas AW ay pdr ge Of Gar hia OBxvaryva gxnanyna rexa(KVa)=xa(yva)=(xAy)v(xna)=(yax)v(yra)= ya(xva)=ya(yva) =y. = thee Of oof hans S ot Lei a SS da 5 RB (8.5.0.0) (SS PMH4=1 +) Stee ASE ey pidge 9 AB 8 SAH oo x Sy age dies Ga O28 0:3x355 (O,2)>a , (1,1) 9x , (2,0) >a 2 dist JS g Ls” ° (9.2) JS Eenp ron at eee) Boolean lattices ~YA~Aa 9g AR dae dang ISH JS ged (YW V Ne BS JSS WN pb Ho yok US! Oe gol BO} CIV ede ey eee Lb ple le 6 eh Many gl ASAI ON Geet bon ald toh de Jat Jilly. ge Se Le x pase el (Sy, 50) Silt gl Soll bY 69s BU ode J OSs. 8 AN Sr ad jay Merry lees xAx=0 ’ xvxeI 5 (10.1) wy 5 (10.2) (sayYervy 4 (xvyYaray (10.3) x posal! OP Ay Bist! Leb! Canty deal Qaelxox dual do}: og Sy OS Ue deo y gall Ma OF Ley x painll ane ya . xa(ey Le soe gill Of gu Way gi (10.2) b past of gi Pad Dw dee ays xay=0 oxsy caysyayso OB oxy OW IAI OSs Uae xay=0 Of op pti Sal xexal=xa(yvy )=(xay)v(xay )=0v (say )axay Ol ysz OW Wd} aif aay UD ye rey og Fayse ax=0 «Gai pS LSt6 Sb ejb yj OS xo of of Catal Se SD ppdyyanl wal cocey oft ~ya-bie ay lag S seller NOS xoe ray + cergllal gay (10.3) Sc poll 0}. bi FISD (8,5 .v 0) G&S: CYAN 0-9) dy bs SA Rip Keb S85 0" 1 pail a Olean Ub Sly 2 OSs dis lease y x op paiall OIF 13) : Ola gi (KAY) ACE VY )=(XAyA® )V(KAYAY)=0V020 (ay VE VY) ave Vy )ACyVE VE) vy AC V8 = FlaAl=l sevy pleetxay pail Of ge We Sled say ay pawl gavy peel gare OF Ad i gl le Gury cma pall Se lage «Fail 9 SE (8,5 v0) Sd CKEV Ny des 2 qld Ob § a Bix + (xaa,xva) LOa}xfa,t] SARA Lasdy gay yl OS BOF Lay gerd ow Sidlny oalen apd ge p Of bang (Y—4—1 ull sft «AB BOF US Sp by yey coal bye hase 5 ysa bytl EY (y,2) GON gy sO} Ol yvezaay really x Sia! Ke af ond Bet yay xes fell BS Sail iN ways (y,2) oy v (eae) Peat ghar J) Ola gl Ui jress ph LS Jord Ge 2AM AaALL gies At 3 lyv(zn@)]aa=(yvz)a(yva )aa=(yva raz=(yva )aCyvz)aan(yva )aae =(yna)v(@ aa)ayvozy Filled) OU) tale lyv(zaa@)]vas(avy)v (2am )=av (20a )= =(avz)a(ava )ezal=z --(1) alt ABS) SBN at all Cle ys JS) pte babe y a ght OLS erg 4 + Land Be CF §=(1,2,3,5,6,10,15,30} de gat! (a) «slg Me CA 8=61,2,3,4,5} Ue yereall dill do pet (yy Fads goth dail gay. xy gxsy UGgixcy Giyllque -¥ 2 OBIS ge af Ot xx abel OS x pare deg Wipe x O) + kaj g Ss PQ () 2 AQ Aithel Gis ($,<,v.n) dojgll SN dal owi-vy (say) Vv (yA2)V (ZAR) E(aVy)A(y Vaz) a(zvx) IZM de (S,<,vyn) Kl pljdypsplt: SoT OW -TE asl Sot ajedy ay ot Of yay. (Ty<,v,0) oleitts dxx20 pS peal ge ed psig (S.4,.) WHI g ders! wait O] -¥ 2 OF Wd 5 Sd Gd xAl=x.l=x , WreS=>xsl. 28 dpe dre (Sots) FAD oa x pase JSI-A 2 Olad tue vexed ae KAR ax. Wax(xtl ax txertra0 xVVextx exe axtxt1+0=1 8 dx pall eas ar OP dely glial hy. aly Sw (S.v,0) Kel OF sd dihedt by hl ot Had ye Kd Ly) CANS 13) aah ad cyst oxy pal gat(V— YY) de dle SIS (S,45.) AS gS) ile dy idle pad of Se Line (8,40) © (Sy V9) Maile gl AKAD dase le fat (8, +,.) Lib ydl BN oe TS wy SS cated Sed ge ily. OWNS an coiled cg pall 0] 2a) Olle XY=KAY ; KAY=K.Y xtye(xay)v(eay) 3 xvy=xtytay 5 xeaxtt -e\-dp ye Y-¥ Boolean Algebra ETO" Sapa le Spf B ie get Uy ge TVs att "dpbelabeyt tH" OSS Vedder Yule Bary" 1 ARE Bed) by th OU B de gett ga z,y,x ret eat Jord ya 2 Addl deal — 9 MeY=y.x 3 xtysyte 5 2 Aner! Alea! —¥ (xy)e=x(yz) 5 (xty)ta=xt(y+z) ° ; + Aeaj gl alas — x(y+z)=xytxz 3 Xtyz=(xty)(x+z) 3 1 Gb! pal —€ xlsx : xt+05x 3 7 tech! -o xx =0 3 x¢xst . CBst5.50,1) ade Se pt DI ode gpg CAL een aA ds gered! 5 Bll do gat 0) :(4—Y—Y) Site mae apelis 246 Sy ser JSts abibsly ¢ leer! galas CyB Ls germell 5 pill ds got UL Bae x,y} OSS (VY) tee + Opt ge JS5 Qblislly @ ear gules + gh Wb AAI J ghee eat! det ufo x y 1 o |o x y 1 x [x x 1 i Ly Ly 1 A aia 1 (1 1 ~ ey-el e * ohe x lo [x y_j9 |o0 jy ly 1 lo {x ly |1 x |x o fi x ly y |x 1 |o Spee GSES (PUB) U1, 5051) OE Ad Minha Mise! J shor CEO,TS A ve 051) cppad oh DB dyuer 0} PVN dee re pall TO agST Ve gtgeel "a laa ale 3 ply 5 Qt JRadt go CUD) ab OSS o=1 , Ovi=l , Oal=0 3 9K35 (Ons 5°00) JSA A OKs Died Jpeser O] EVN) O=1 , 0=0 2 OS os (VY) ab x(xty)ex 9 xt(K y= wexex yg oxtxex OF gy P Old asx apy deed x.(xty) Syll gb 0a, ~ or+ X.[xt(x.x)]=x xt (x x)exdjlll de fardxtxyex djl gy=x besy 13] xexex Ofgl xex.fxt(x.x)J=x.x Aun + Men Mb tees Dol yas Ay gall tye YY Duality Principle Se ats cae op lls Lote JS Of ary Sy yer awd Gee cepa ong T+" exceed ey Dally dy FW 6 hl oa ope 5 yL__aally Datbl oko tay ge oad sil BUI Byatt cody "9" 1" FAM ON shall ot IS dag ar gh (VY Tye x.0=0 - (a) x+0=0 -(b) x.1=x -(e) xsy -(d) (x.1) +(x. y)=ex -(e) x+1=1 -(f) 2 Jet x+1=1 -(a) = of Tax.1l=x -(b) xt0=x =(e) ysx -(d) (x+1).(xty)=5 -(e) x.0=0 -(f) TAS byl gt SF asd tr gh (VY Nye xtytyxtz -(a) xty atv (y+x2) -(b) ide! xey-Cytx).z -(a) cepglall ay xe te). HCC) =) Oa por lye E-V Properties boolean algebra boy tl gles ane. guy (Bot) Sd tty 2 ase xoxex y oxtrex jVxeB : hl sle—! = x.0=0 , xt1=1 , VxeB -Y ‘ Bot xya Si loge iby aten ts a.x=0 ow i) -¥ a o-1,r=0, &) -t 1 OW yg go eels -9 (ayYexty 5 Getyye ey.Puaud! ele 4 x(xty)=x , xtxy=x TSN Aja str] drew gle Ota St AS Ug le Gane: Ola gt = Wash dreree Ugg O Sab Xexex.x¢0sx.x¢x.0=x.(x¢e)ox.tsx 4 x.0=x.(x.x)=(x.x).xeex.0-50 —¥ wax +0sx4(a.x)=(xta).(xtx)= 1 xwita).l=(x+a).(atx)=(x.x)+a=O+a=a Ol dmdx a Sor x USM bw gdm -£ xtx=1 : x5 =O (xy ax Of ghar game ax Of sd HLS OW Oldmd ant yx=0 Oi quad 1+0=1 , 1.0=0 r=0 Oly Hr digg 1oik. -o (xy)t(ety )a(xtrty).(ytrty )a(ity (te a1. 1-4 sy (xy) (2 +y)e(y x) +C yey )20.yFx.020 (xnyYexrty oy x(xty)=(x+0)(xty)=x+(O.y)=xt+0=x -% 2 ASW BOWS done gay (V-E-1 Sie X.Cytx.z)ex.yteiz de) x.(ytx.z)=x.((y+x).(y+2))= yl ay = (x. (ytx)). (ytz)=x.ytrez 2 OBS ot. dg ger (Bit. 5051) gSS (Y-£-Y bb =oxey Oley xty=1 gy x-yr0 5 Of sd da OU gs ARB Ss Ola gS xexlex.(yty )=nytry s0+ny9 = «gall gay syy txya(ytxyebyay 5 Wd OS Sy ger (Byte Os) SEC tny ) abi xsy OB atxsaty 9 a.xsa.y bob ad dye per Gale neg Maile Calbia gy : Ola gl ex, (xtajex(yta) = xytxassy tya= sy (xtayeY (yt ayy cepllll gay Ltd 055 dus. I yt yer (By t5.5° 051) Sd EM EMT . 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X;= (001,011, 101,111}, fly O San Ugh gly w Baudt dshall et op a Jibs r X,:W,=1 Wy= EHO, =) vow =0 Cnt of Bho rise gy P(2) Be gal op bie We pe JS alte » gla oy Sie x). Xie 2 5 OF Mey peasall Bey Ag AI Ue gate Wr Bah de gad ow uae by OS 3} (VOY) abo he BE ya ges peal epee plas] JES te (A,5) sasxsd Bravelecy el) A=[0,1] Oe dines Ig ge (Arty. 9 00D ow 13) 1 anf OS dike ye [a,b] OSs xe [a,b] OS 1 :(E-O-¥ yd x.ys(xty)e[a,b] aar-a Alp SWy del ue by troy} Me poreall alum a at igh gs Ht pasahly xy Ble txyy) Ae garnal) gobo ah A op ST OS OF SeY Lxty gh tesy) Megara g AON EN AH oe JET OS OF OSE a= yd OSs gh DU stay oA J Ler JOY fab] JA of bos cag PT sho LSM DUI S.A ge SUI Me Gilbane y b=1 50 [ab] SBI x pall ak dally lar dat LSE ge GQ. fan) SI Op Sag A BW 3 lyr SEI Ma OS Caf to @ tx). b 2 Sih Jose S(Lasb]styeyteasb) + Swl JSash ad gtd ysl ppd geapilly Aull sabi A—¥ Ret (Bo 5051) 9 (Arts 5057) SEOs olds AJ by tl) Git) B yA cee gerall AxB YSull slut! 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(f(y) =f(x) . f(y). = eget ay 39 (P(X)ULNS 8X) SS CYHIAY) Ste (P(Y),U,N,, @¥) 2 gl OP due BoY 9 ACK Ole goth am dol oe only eee f: AUB (A,B) Vidya Bw asB fel ys P(XUY) =P(X)xP(Y) Agld gl odd Ol eV Boolean polynimeals SN tell Bs gat goed Upto (BY, 051) GSS VN) as = Fld Olvly BD od det By ana, POLE cam yet, OS A goed (VN a veBr BZ TEL Qe ey RE Rye sim=ym 9 acB Ald LX ty eke Pah. B tl Odo dex SN ge cpa der yl gps do Bory de rat die ae A OS yx=a OW 13! LSB dy. 3 key ge de Mary gaan my CIS Blow J bd Bag y JRty AE lay yt sas 246 ( gb) slr OF dala 3B BB abl Colder y cys dase SMe & Laat gamed (PVT i = B Og ats 2 2p OS Uae K(x yzenytey 2 9 FOQyexty a » Agldy pdr BS B(xsyoz) 9 F(x) oS LAs 9h BS acral y pe GS elder O! (VV Nya te porsllge AB dg per BY OSs dy x B OW 13] LU He duy CALS Hy PPO agg RGF See P= (rs Pr sce Pa) B= F(a seem) 9 Midge Ogee Ay (nie tay ene ote) pels 1 gill OS bus on dep yl cpp IBN ley ds got £:B'>F + Sw) [Ray Bally EC Pro esses y Pa) = Ys Ya dele yew 9PRe1 Sel gt yen Of ball ec dot uoly us Led Op SE US Spee ar dle gee OF US os Gated. =O «Ait dy ash R=f0,13 ee Fin FY ge gS I-V—Y) a gis OWS A Lily apie Be" JS oe abst Se wiry awBp opt BS ae Fy pais JS Sul : Ow gt Pa (tyes Xa) = Ye Ya eee Ya Vey, =0 FAD ol gh ode oyid1 3 Sh ngatb Wee pay=1 , P.(b)=0 bSisyts (ry a4 ei Aon esl del yw Situ, + Qi ba lel ys Gir Sy aen poll f(a)=f(ayy.. sag)=1 2 ayldl Lat yay F(use5x)= LP sf) @ OF Wadd gay Uiyle tater sf git p, riety fo sf@)=0 FQ)= h sf£()=1 gilli yay 2 OL:(1\-V—Yy dle £ (001010 ) = xy". xp oxy. xy xg. 6° les gd oght Wyes" Gyles 1 £-V— Vy cy ys BN glenk! CIS 13) Gat, 0X0) SEO ye Xn) F (x15 ssa) =G (x15. y Xe) Mey te Sill Ol pill od at fol ye iUldy dares “Ae(gl Ore & got AY x apes Ol Si. Sgt per (Byty.55 051) GSS OTA N has + dist b 25) git 13] Oredie of] B ory 4 x.y=0 Cixy} Me goreell paket oi i px.y Ofer) heads OU Sw does ax pall Ip yer gl B (YAMY) die OWE gr Gilat x pais! gs Aad) polwdl ds got OY UY Boyes [0,2] Ce ta) Dy Ie ee (Bot. 01) OSS IAT 5 gh Dyas pl a ot gts gts Aad polall op Fe pot M={1,2,..,m} @ :P(M)>B SAM Ue pb die opt IS Jas cilly 1 OSs dine 0 do de getly e(Aj= = x ied Ext Dx Loy (8.1) ied! jeC 4 ke(AUC) (= x). (8.2) ied! pe Eecing’# SAW Og By Aeon y Abts Let! os ead (8.1) Bball :0la yh chew dig,b Gane tld OS Sy ger d ig cold ed (8.2) DOU Aay Ul at pH anand a GF shawl Se Siduy 14] OS Le USy x y= 0 Au ail te aS 2 OF Id ding dy dealt o gtd! -4aeZee x XE (8.4) (4xE)" " ke(ANC) «ell 8 (8.4) 9 (8.3) ced! oy B ually 0) :(Y-A=Y) dee Cu x2 X54 Kio) + (5 7) = 1 HG ts + Mo ty Xe : WIS y (a 435 5+). (atx) tH 2 OF elds (1,2,5,10)+(8,7)=(1,2,5,10,8,7) :oly (1,3,8,9)-(1,8)=(1,8) gp OB PH=D (rm sde) Ally ape BES YS (TAT) Bs 5 GSES de day By pas pls SE PAW ) = 24 coon Day = yoo, if W=0 pa AI gd a ght 8 iS cy ili galdt JOA fetes) Wa gouty wt + ysb Ollie Ege LF AW) e ies! + OLS 13) GY Sy ate gis Abad PW) EI bey O}:Ola pS P Bshal dar geyn OSSy JIN ge cl pel sel OW PCW) #RLCW) 2 OSs didy PCW) Bybsll b doarey ee CW) P.CW).P;(W)=0 SS op sid Cee Med nee JS ily HL pokll Megat ON dtd \x PW) ieS MARY) Lash dr No tessly gee gis Ahad PCW) Bb ole g OF : STS gop dally Milas de godt oda OF game (4 WLS ds gashl f Lene loguans pass cue gat S98 CIS 13} Sil 1 OSs das EPM+ E PM P)=1 jes’ = x ieS J keSUS'=W Maal Mab Gg LD ceseee LS (yrtyn) «(92 $92" ) oversee (yotyn = kew + OW Cus’ Er PWM: Pil P,Q =0- : M= > ieS jes J keSNS'=W 2 Of gay ay EPM)= = PM (2 fi ) jes J Ager JSAS HG gb elder ¢ gat ge Med pee JS I eget OP Sits LO amd Pp AgLS gS) ogabl eS BLE Dy Sled Gaye We Layee (ya tye) sven Yat 8D 1 OF Ad dyes gl Leth! pleads - = PMH ** esa)! yayel $(1)={w | wm =1) 2 OW ale JSayy =v "y= = POH “1 es) Si) = 6 | wi =13 «Ag gE lelur JSa le SS Poo Siduy Ol op i p=( y PM)= =P (= Am) pr 2 Ol ad any PW)=PW) X PW)=PW) XP Ow=P) ieS ger Pw) Pi(v) ol QnSall We’ 13] a P(w).P(v) =0 1 OS bus «gl gay. Bary Byper SP AL gl oid dS OV idly 2 AMS a pabl Ob eS IS G1 CY-AY) Jee (a)- P=xty 3 (b)- Pax.ztx yz; (e)- Pextyz 3 (d)- Pexytyzttxyzt 5 iy isle & gat JS le : fet (a)- Pex(yty)ty(xte) =axytxeytxytey = exytxy try 5 (b)- Pexatxy2=xz(yty)txryz= HX yz tx yctxye 5 ~ vr(©) Pax(yty')(2t2)+ (xtx)yz =xy2 txy'ztxye + tay etxyzte yee sxyztxyztxy¢txyg try zt xyz. i (d)-) Pa xy'(atz)(t#0) +(xtx)yzt tx yzt = sxyattxrycttxyzttxy at txyzt+xyzt. Ug HS say LUSg Hild gl a gat NUS iad Se 1A Nalin de IF pols UY PUjT g got JRO de Ligh Obelix & pat JSo de + gpl pl oye lel shalt pled! § jak Ui le B dy «BUTE got JSS de Li yl opt 82” GST YAH Y) Site Psxyazttxy cttxyzttxy ct txyzt+x yzt FP ob OWT BH Ober g Ul Be pt) pole O} Jt 1011, 1001 , 1010 , 1000 , 1111 , O111 2 OF 4g Sst) allast dy 1011=142+2=11 1001=1+2>=9 1010=2+2°=10 1000 = 2° =8 1111 =14+2'+2?+25=15 0111 =14+24+2=7 7 + Gest Jat de eS ay 5 SO didby P(x,y,zZ,t)= £(7,8,9,10, 11,15) Bhd gd a gabl BS CaS A~Yy dee ~vreet Se P(xyy5Z5t)= £(7,859 510,11, 15) + Gg olsler o=1001 , 8=1000 qeit2eeeoun sb: fot wenn =, «M10, 10 = 1010 1 OP didly £= 0111 + 1000 + 1001 + 10140 + 1011 + 1111 axyzttxy 2 ttxy ettxy 7t txyattxyzt oF ily Ha ysl ahh aS Yaak ert ga (AM Vy 1 QS ABH Upr LSta agi yg belar ¢ wet JS ce x | %2_[% Ket | Xa _| £51 .%2-%a_) o fo jo 0 [0 | H0,0,.,0 ) | x) x2"... Xe 1 {jo jo 0 [0 | £00,.0 ) 1 Xp Xe 1 [11d fe [2 0 [R10 ) | Xp ore Fo es es V3} xq ges Ob ele! 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Of dad Jytdt forte hie PQRS+PQRS=(P+P)QRS=QRS 9 Spl bo gos! Mibaroll sturly PQ (RS +R'S)+PQ(RS+RS)= =PQ'R(S+S)+PQR(S+S)=PQR+PQ R= =PQ(R+R)=PQ . Puss pol 5 etl slably PQ (RS+RS)+Pq (RS +RS')= =P QS (R+R)+PQS(R+R)= =P QUStPQAOS=(P+P)VS=QS Fat yd BL gle fared Cis! ode aro std pil & gob! OW Let parol) F=QRS+PQ+QOS iat pd) Qh rot 3 hall or of (PAT) ie F=PQRS+PQRS+P QRS+P QORS+PQRS+P QRS = AeAM gS abate OSs dies olla! JSAIY opr go acl OF Lg = 2 JSasi (9.9) JS Syl OF Aad igh Bh Gh lial) IS atl poli slur Shay ays 5 Std! JSS eal dy te) F=PQRS+PRS+PQR+QORS Walked dee oy :(£-4-Y) de ab’+a°bt+ac = ab’+ab+be + Ag a cal gb Ge + gS bb? 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Fey(xtxgtz)=y(xtx e+e 0 4z)= Hy{(xt02)+ (2407) 1= sy[xto tate J=y[xtxtzt2 ]=y = Fey JSS ge quis AS tay OS Sit Spt i BIS ht Gee — 9 + ONelid gil & got Fexytx yz tyzexy(2t2 4x yr tyz(xtx)= xyztxyr+xyotxyztx yz = =xyztuygtxyctx yz = ave A: ee (9.11) JS 2 Rey : Of dnd ld yll ¢ goth [Sass IS pel) pote! slur det, BE sSI alt part (1-4 Ty ite Re(xy'+)(xty)z Of ad Sy yer ald Gae — ft Fexyatxztxyztzy =xy2txztzy =, 2 =xz(y +1)tzy =xztzy =2(xty') Of ad IS abt Cae - Frxztzy=xz(yty )+(xtx zy = xzytxy ztay ctx y c=xyetxy 24x 7 1 ij pees (9.12) JSS =F=xutyz BSS) aylsdl part (¥-9— Vy Je Feabec+@tb+d)(abdtc) = Ata giyWS abt Gee 1: Feabctaabdt+act+abd+betabddt+dc Od SIS Sper ery 0.13) JS OT] elele) | 5 Oro. 14 Je ec dtalc+b B'S'S =>Feabed+e(a+bd) PW OS dy er elt Ger = he=Feabct (a+ b+d)(ab@te) 2 Of ded F Yi eed) F=[abc+(atb+d)(abd+c)] = [a +bt+e][abd'+(a tp +d)qj= =[atb+e [abd +ac+be +de]= =a abd tacta betadctabed+a'c e+ bee+dec+abb'd+a be+bbc+bdc= =@e(1+h'+d+b)tabed+be =c(atbd)+abe d= ¢ Bldsdt gist wart! 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LEE A(x) 9B(x) BWOPR Mad) de gett oe x= od deepen (Vx(A(E) > B(x) Bykoh 04SS 03} 3x(A(x)A(B(x))) | ABs Byhel SS as ged Ml OY degee 3x (A(x) 0 C(8)) ays (b) vines C(x) ACE) AS BR He yaHl sheet ALE de godt Gua g a Ube v xB (x) Byeall (ec) . be B(x) QAO dner\ pl Git hie 248 JS OF beree dha) vrA(x) (4) -x?20 -\re-tai gO glad voy A HA Ld 055 16 ps He Maly ( dyin! y Hilal 3 loll Wye Lae wy Se ge OS Gal fr te gah WU Boy tae" yt eet G) Lala! 20 oats ely [Sty Ub HEH ded ld Qh LSS +1051] SAMI SUB Uw Qt fatal id od Uo got aug endl 8 asad) SIS gpl yo Alot dir p spe jab Sidlyy 2 AS) Goidl ¢ 1g Wik obey edly id Kleene’s Criterion lS gle — LS yk Se SN et dll hall Mis Gays tt Bay Bll pe oe De ba Wu La gs. FLY pl nee cH IIB gyn BSy dad oid yy Lhe gi eee Ql + Undecided 4451 NY Bye JS ABH dead edd Qe dS ge Gal Lin QA i AN TEEN od OF ge jb) aly SF II Mage Ail ha Aa ed B58 O55 dageadt Oly ode SBS gle eS IS ase of led Ley JV O12 ALA! Sylar duh marie ij1 | slo ss aia am alae sles fale 5 | | | | | elecs| ele an clase lalo a r | r — | cetee| a aeleme le a itlerer -\rv-foedewlS J Glu ¥ Lukasiewicz’s Criterion Gb OF fell Ege Se lly By pall po OY Ghill la Gay Indeterminate FSS) oy JV 3S) yay i BSY Me La oy, Botall - lee pl silt dot WUE Ghat hie ay ABB Jolt ao Gilles Ghat Wb dali by Sb ly) BREE J jl OY lo hy Hab pS) ay Sh Blo ABBE J ylurtte lS Glue od all by J to 2 AS ARABS Jyh Ld OS gIly Lb sh Lis by Jt oyr |i ~ oli {a sy [fe Py 0 va |4 o i {it {o I ja ja iI afi |i 1 ole 1 1 oO jr 1 gid y glu ¥ Bochvar ‘s criterion Ge Cans Sigh otuatcty Glas gil Lat! Ghat Mia Gos + Meaning less bS cya SyV) 3,35 gay m —y all desi ja ys 1 Gh OS OS yldby Ghee Ghdad Ley Bot yo 4841 J ghee OF ~NYA- tt| | 1 | | | | P e [a lo M T 0 1 le jo M {0 m m m mn m m 1 0 in fo nm 1 Iv [o M 1 fo 0 M ' jm m m Ie \ m m \ [> 0 'M 1 0 1 M 1 mn m m jm 1 0 | m 1h oe 0 iM 0 1 [ufo m m im m 1 0 | m \ CT) oul + GLU JS Ay Basalt bel + Blte gb yseuall gfe jal) Jag -(a) 1 Blew dela sf IRL) yal of Me OY Leste gel OIF 13) —(b) + gly haw gf lle pe’ — (0) «sie seas gf pew y plier pe? (a) = Syledlasf etd JUL (e) «Ralylll gobi gid ¢ Wr gf ee CAS ISI (1) p68 Nalesins 1 IBLy cM gS da yall S} Gand y deals Been! 13) (2) «Magar OSs gS abc sc at flags rc mote agli” Bylall e GUIS I] ¥ onl ag Lellb OW ght" yy 7 ~\rae fy1 AMS yhall oa JS ge tl ne cw slblly ea(rasy 5 (a) yoo 3 (b) yatevr) 3 (ec) (yor)ve 5 (a) cer(ras)vy 3 (e) (c@rja(svy) 3 cf) 110, Maid gd HOSS By prasrys Haend) DI; bs! (Sd —Y 2 ANS ASM ly) BH ood tors! 5A e041 (pva)vr 3 (a) py (avr) 5 (b) r3>(sap) 3 (e) p>o(rs) 3 (d) p>(rvs) 3 (e) pyreras 3 (f) sop >(p vs) 3 () - Vegas >(pes) 3 (bh) rAs>(p>avs) 5 qa (py@)vra(sas) 5 @ 2 ASS Olybal MBH J yer GS -£ po(p>oqg) 5 (a) pvaqeqvp 3 (b) po(qary 3 Ce) (pegerva 5 (4) (Pogaryv(P ag) 5 (e) pag>(qngd rag) i (fy pAq (a,p) PNG AI; Ce) we" Apod Bylald dar! ed CiIS 13] 0 © paqopva dyeell dB! ede Las pd." we" gped Bylall ABH! AS CAS V3} (a) —9 olla §fpeq., ped LAB ble he a porg Shel Had des CIS 13} (b) yall = Ve§peq. poe 2 AAW As yh RAY op JS dad) Spe GS) -¥ @onerva 3 (a) roa) 3 (b) p>(qary 3 (e) (paqg)>(sas>pvs) 3 (a) (p ®Q)(R® Q)* 3 (e) ByLial MBH dnd CAS 13) pagerpvg Spal Ast ded eA - he" a pog YE we Spr HW AS Fd Jou gellly Whe WKAR LSI 4 = Q dylSy P Syke Shrew! dey Udy R ge dele rat Wyle B-SROR HUES WeiPoQ sla GWT al gay Weal Bye m oA OKs Use JON MI Jyh ball ate le Ve Piyeeeee 1 Py Magen calyball ga WSs LE IKE P I-14 te ued Pe JSattly bi cn cy Aualaall Ly J Olyaf Baring JAS Stl LIS 5 Sally van 54) JF Seat da eUldy P Sybl Weel OS PP Bball [Ess Of gay. Sally Pr Pic 2 Wesel 0955 AN AS hall SISA OF gay 1 = Vay(@agdrrepr(q>r) 5 (a) (rgdrre(parjod 5 (b) @ogdeoprad ; (ce) @egador 3 (a) p>(p >a) 3 (e) p>(a>p) 3 (f) (P>P)>P ; (s) (Pog) (parsgar) 5 (hy (oa a(r>s)>(parraas) 5 a (2 QA(r>8)>(pvr>avs) 3 (ik) (eaye (pray vCa>p)y) 3 a ila) Lay NN Oiyot, Asad aisle B53 Uke [Se glol gay —1¥ = beads sh Yow! OSs Of SEY bab ve a JS OF ae g West OS pvp Ghtall [Rs of osi—y¢ + WaT OS pap rolegi-yo AVB ,C2BF ASC -! AVB ,A>C ,B>DlFCvD —-¥ A>(B>C),DVA,BFD>C -* AvB>CvD, DvESFEASF —-£ 2 Apes) GUS! Goya) — 94 - VereEy. pall plat Buy gf SY SLs ib 0 gal le Chee 131" (a) 2" pata pla Sty gf dy Stubs 03) . agit! le Chae ses SS 5 «Lae OS aifh Ugh Olea deal Cais" 13)" (hy oY Ugh des 03). Cae Op Se gelcanll Mid OP « 6 pnd ge Wolds LURY dca! OIS'13) "(0 Dp Seb oS geal cys clas ALLE pega OUST 3} dae Uj gee poe 05). ale aaah by os gemma CS iNgll pb aaah gle dase dae eS pas cpatlt cycled LUCY 9 og gall go IS pte Ula Le OLB ByEMN pao Ly. He NS) aie « Miss ght OW 13) "Cay OF SEY Bd Sy. bly OF yf BAU pas of uy. abl OS tt Tae SH) tes 03). lg F SoTL Oy Ss ah c Sot Sh oe 5ST areca! sul OW 13)" (e) CaS oe STO SS WB 62 sual or ST erent sual OS" 13). US Og Sy stil Na 03). yf OGY ab ber yyy 2 Ge pS! sual IS" 13} Sy UL yphe UW] OK cate T OB Ss gle dani ful oul OI 13) * (4) 3). Ne cmd onto Ty 5 glo taal fui gaall oul OIF 131.5 yf 2 "5 OS oseT OLS N35). Hole pb sf hole auci O55 of Le} AAS oe "(py «Lage nb Ue yyS JS le ald Xe aid Gale gb ab ou! 29S gp tae gb 346 JS lo da Se | sill Of repo pal 03). Hagel pb tall yy a dew gb ate JS ley Lgall y ptll ~ VE«Lge ptt yy ys tite gb JRO le IE AD oul OS 13) "Yale foe OS ad gl does Cal 1 (PVQ) (P>R) (PAQY FQVR (a) (23Q) (QVS) (SvP),8 FQ (b) (PvQ) (Q>R)(P>S),S ER (c) = Nyaa not Ail js do gat le dill! OlaUY) ate ge 1A 6A? Beye! le Bally" y gant x " BUY A(x,y) GSS-14 pr sey Goldy ods glans oll Spud JSD. A= (1,2,3,4,5,6} 1b aaa "AQay.2),xyez "2 Asal aby (0,17 Ae pett le Bw Ys = Wb RH ped oto y BUY) odd TBH J yr (Sa “ree ME C(x) 9" arb ote x" BUYIN (x) QSS-1 gy dsloue x" p(x) gy "grap dex " T(x) 3 yeiix "Dixsy) 9 “Gry odes "B(x) AjLinlly repeal Oya ey cghle IF yo aly pe W gly abt (CV X)IN(x) > C(x)] 3 (a) CAX)IN(x)AC(x)] 3 (b) (Vx) [C(x) > N(x)] 3 (ec) Cv x) [C (x) AB(x) ON(x)] 5 (a) (Vx) (C(x) ST (x) vT(x)] 3 (e) eaves)(Vx) Gy) (C(x) AC(y) > D(x,y)] 3 (f) Gy) (Vx) (C(x) AC(y)>D(x,y)] 3 (gs) @x)(Vy)[C(x)AC(y)>D(x,y)1 3 (b) (Vx,y (TO) aT (Y= (s,y)] 3 @ Gx)([P(x)AT(x)] 3 (i) (vx) [P(x =T (x)] 3 (k) pelx R(xy) 9" Sp ex C(x) 3289! SI -VY ayo " s.ysn “P(xyy,z) 9 “xty=z "S(xsye2) 2 GLUE IS oF iy th ne pli Of eat Erte Sue Lrg ny commen pie ofl Jel ow (a) vatye2 olin Bree SHE ot ST ery Vcsreree use oh Serf gA(b) «Lage ot OPxtyer OSI. 2yx,y depo olacl gl fel y(cy ytxez ote: ree ue dry cree oe ol Jel (a) vxyez olen ree SE ow MT ry Vegan esos of Jerk ox (0) Wile cy.xez OPx.yaz OW). x,y ,zdree stash cf Jel ge cf) - yeeolesty Tete He bray n caren cise sl Jel ot (8) Lxty=2 oaeal y 13) Leb Bixcy OS xsy ceeree ydde sl orl op (hy xtkey OA k tub ayy Olode der y 13] Lid Ub Sy lous x OS x abe asl fol y (1) yjnex OS Gx y pel 1 Gales SNe ery Sb cy OS I} x,y cual ude of del (i) n, KY (2.5) JS! sev"ih cod Ag yyoe Nor gate Aalst Oh lac ayia! clam y “not "yor " Wy coord ys Aly St ode fas BSy + QW Say tgs aly. F=(X+yy ~ X—_3 Fe YI Y (2.6) J&s5i 2 JSS) ye ty gl ob dads dye Say Input _ ____| Output x Y F - 0 j1 0 { 1 0 0 la ok | (2.7) JSssi Lind by Syo LAM oe ped OS Vase CUS y dedi ¢ pill dsby US ce do cl “nor” Lal gl oye deal) Cot gt ee I pabl Ss (Y-Y—# yikes 2 dill [Susy “not "Gly — 4 sey ~Ps (Kady =X ~S e 5 E * {DE a (2.8) aCe “or Aly ¥ ‘ % —* Yaz) Fe Xay az 23> (2.9) JR “and "Sy ¥ | Kn ~ Pe y- Fe (Raz) =XNZ . iE Zz (2.10) JS gyda ae pol ll 3 az si(i-t-# de ¥ REX. ¥+X..YHX.Y.Z2 = stl cg gods AeA -« BH" Nand * Uys! ply — 4 BH" Nor "Ui gdl plarcl — ¥ SALI oldies att of tal cl eG gllall ISS Fadl CaS - Yd 1 Of dead ple JSey atl Sef Foy mand dana! Sy FeF"= (X.Y+X.Y+X.Y.Z2)" H[(X.YEX VEX Zp SURV FRY YK Tr xX 5 fky) 5 ES BN ell Nib Sy Y z (2.11) J&asi 1 AMS) By yal ALS LSe US y — ¥ F=F'=(X.Y¥+X.V+X.Y'.Z)"= =(K.Y)"+(X.V)"4+(X. YZ)" = =(X.VY+R+ Vy t(M+V4Zzy 2 AJ) ay) utd Wd OS, ea =(2,12) JS) xor "Spall sf" Uigdi P-¥—-€ Exclusive Or gate Sy as pai Gilly HITS! pe Hye gh PR abl gyi Mgt ola Jp aa peX @Y=X.Y+X.Y¥ FeXOY 2 Gist JSsy gd old 3 —=3) x at (2.13) JR! ate0 Aegdl g peal) O Say MALE fol ob CAS" 13) 1 Uaglll ¢ peal 055 SSA gy Hag 0b MBH J yder O Sry « lashes Jet a CASI} Input Output x Y F=xOY 0 0 1 ° 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 (2.19 Js) PXOR Hip gill! git) OF Up gr lt ery F=(X+¥).(X.Y) PMS oF psig Yad —) = : [ )}— ) (2.15) JS Sf" mand " Aly! cp" XOR ld amas Se 1(W—Y— 6 ila he 1 bus aly aw - A~ Ex-Gay Js FN Fo(Ras\ (ya = Gyr ¥ (2.16) JS25) JS a3) Bi * nor * Uys! y# " KOR "hgh eonal SE WIS y x gw \ | oy) x Cee (2.17) JS! 2 ist Jatt ger Say Fa[(X+V yt(Xt YY Pa(X FV) (X4¥) "XNOR " "Bpastll — gf pd "high €-€-€ Exclusive - nor - gate 2 Ass) By UigSl odd Bass SI ge aly BSS Aly Je F=(xX @Y)y 2 Swi ISA Yb je py aw -Fe (K@Y i ne (2.18) Jas Lull oda de Spat! Sey F=xeoy giles) aiid dis dil ytt ode o} 1 Led ¢ peel OS. Ulyd odd ¢ pall oii dey Uy" XOR " Uily oe Lists S35 0 dagdll ¢ pall lel WIS s Ayglace bad Jol deb Lane 2 GSN AH Jyde "XNOR "Hip OS) « Malt Lod Jota Lb Input Output x y F 0 0 1 | 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 (2.19) JS2s = lalgdl gull) Dy gar pall Aedlat By dor gh (VY £ Ske F=(ab+ab)cd+(ab+tabdjetabed A B Cc . RB NAND " Blgdl pliceal 1: caestll ogl! J eld y . Bi" NOR " Uys! penny ~y 1 Wy) Ld NAND AilgSl plied) 1 HI F=F'=(A.B.CY = A=[(ab'+ab).cdP =(((a bY (ab YP Y.Cd ay -Bo=[(ab+a'b'd).cf =[((ab)’.(a.b’.dy yep CH=(a@.b cd) Apes Aiba) 8 yl ytdl LOS, (2.20) JS au - iybal Ld "NOR "A pli plea —Y A =[((a +b) +(atb VYter+a) B=(@b+abd).c=[(abta bd) te] =[(@ thy +(atbee yy tey Coa bcd =(atbte+dy + ASS) Aalals BW) lt id OS A Aye -ge pled Bo phlly aot! Ciyla -£ Haas Nd 9 SINE gi aglee gm LOS” Ayal GA) ga Oleg der gp Sel edly «WT Ugdl Ga Baal) OU pdt ge aay ow le rat See psi ot ole ae get SM Esl bade SST Oty ya 3 yAw) oe hall alt Oils 1-1 £ ‘Half adder gate Gis Jody glad Xe stall elles! Yaak! Alec v} BEY LW OS) Sibel) Of MLS wadel Oller oot Bar le ga LST igkes le yun frat del SI Abell SS «og pill allel G aot! Ie os TLBSy Ld ge paiy diye ge del 6 Al MBE ys (carry) bor 3 2 ais Xi +X =CS «ASSN DU J) Jo dS ye cy got! uu gas Of Oe 2 AS MeN am Qi da gl (VP fy Je + giell pls 3 0 1011, 11001 11001 1011 sal: 100100 bah oe! Ose Lid mally AND Bly y KOR Aly opt ghee! aol! Bylo ils So ee F le Eph Bylull ole Joe odlte x gX, OW pte an-et oh 8 So Silly © pally KOR Uys cA sf aod! ali Ye ily 2 dtd JRASy GUS ge yay AND Ugh oF sf x $ 4% (3.1) J&ah 2 GW JSall le OS xR Algol Aloall auict O} tty S=X.Xs +X +%=X, OX + JS dé cS AND Algol Alot ayisl WS’ C =X.X. 5 GW Db clans dudes 3 Ll ob MBH J gue OS ius X }% c]s —_| - 0 0 0 fo 0 1 oft 1 jo o |r 1 }4 1 (0 (3.2) JS 2 GW Spinal bbealy da wiht Bylo LaF Se us aw - fyoS -———+¢ WA 4{——_> |————>$S (3.3) J&aN oI! aattt By19 Yas Full adder gate Ba sXe SAMA BW de sgh y piu ale igo ye yw oda ils de Be foe ec, fealty stall 98,9) am Joie Odes OLS EOE EF AC Billy aot! aU es SIN cr Fe pty Ly Gist JRaIy 3th ode a Se. Balu! fm lh c S$ & ¥ Lu Q (3.4) JS FAB Syd Oy ol pad) gid pF FAD eae ByIUl ole pga ids aw -Hen ocool™ on or onola en onocels ooh eounomn moon oolm (3.5) Jes) 2 did) JSasy & edt NEN JSS HLS ABH Ste ys ad Te os 3 or dts S=Xy XP. C+ Xr X Cr +X X,. Cy +X X. C= = Xr (X2. Cy + Xp Co) +X (CM. Ch +X. C.) = =X (% OC) +% (MOQ = =%:8(X: @C:)-X18 % OG, Cr= Xp. Xp. Cr+ Xi XP. C +X. Cr eX Me. = (Xr Xa +Xp. Xe") CriXr. Xe = (Xr © Xp) C4 Xi. Xe 2 Gell Bi gtvall babel Jats! aattt jlo LaF Xe LIS’ y A ne % FA |-———>s cS (3.6) JS 2 QW) pial aattl Uyyto plrewl gf ae(3.7) Ral hadi oslhll y's Y——-€ Bs JSasy oo oe plas goal lee oy 0-0=0 IB 8 My Xi X= 8 A Md ne © all las oy Bye oh Set Le AND Ulyy XOR Aly om hall ¢ sUbll Bylo ahs -B Gyles & pb cr Fy Xs 9X, cHltbe le By! 1 GM JSaly dtl ode Yat Sey "2 B — (3.8) JS! Pry) och WADI Sgt y X % [ss TB 0 fo 0 0 0 1 ja 1 1 0 i 10 1 1 0 lo (3.9) JS AS ljhs ghee B 9S ga JSS polled! [Oss Of GALI Jy ya dy S=X.X. +X. X) =X, OX, B=(X,.X. +X: .X2).X) 2 Dill YSN le mead osha! SEB QW OP Sy ye ely Gury B =Xr.X% 2 SSA Blu OS Sid Ss x |} (3.10) JS23) ayy = a+ JW! Bptnall Lalarlly pirailt ¢ sUbit Bylo faz Se LS” a) | (3.11) Jas) Joi) ¢ ylall ayia ee Mgr fee BH gle os gk y gdvasll x Uhl Gy Jo cys By] ode cilis SF MUS y Byleew Nl fore go By forally Hal ald OU ob dee De 6 Ble CF PBC rlly cb ges ga oF le 2 USI BH J ybr yl ob OS. def moon on oln anne oo ee Hoenn ooly monemoncly mecorer ely (3.12) i 2 SWS! JSS 0 Su BLU! ocd Ayibasdl ait el Of ud BBE J ye Quire 5) e 5 3 B, =X X2° By +X," X, By +X," X, B, +X, X; By 2X: XM: + (Xr Xs +X. Xz) Bi= XX + (XO X) Br S=Xr X. Bi +X; X By +X, XB +X, X) B= av == (XV Xy +X Xp) Bit (Xr Xa + XX") Br = =(X:® Xj) Bi + (Xi @X:) By = ( %& ® X%)@B,=X, ©X,@ B, x,@ 2 fll JS Blatt odd OS (3.13) JSas) 2 Sts) Spinal bball ai oie fat Sey (3.14) JS hal oth | dal gat B)9 0-1 € YG By) ody NOT Help XOR aly LP Oly GU oe Blu! abe OSs GAN fe gw Lely pty aad Me LP x, yx, fe lte avr -Byhu edn pr ai OW Sisley @Soesh Jee amas Bhi oe ons @Sov Wass hai cb alo 4h K = 0.0gSs Vale LS y dead alr 85)9 Ue] OS LK=1 0% ally aod! gilt y2S CPN cca Fe g pf BU ol Of US K=O 0p Sats pr FoF HWE HK @Soedl Jol go sll g sal «i Jatt a,til old OSes et OS ae Dealy (3.13) JS) pdr Op —Say hal c silat hall gah G'> ca Gok ByMull ode OF 2 JSSS! ye byl oh Aansd1 Xt Xe, [kK s CB | 0 0 Jo 0 0 | 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 \4 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 A 1 1 o lo (3.16) JX! By) odd Aiba a) gd! 38 Gilad GAH J ybr S =XiXp +X. Xs ave ~C/B=% (XK +X). K)=%. Xi K +X. Xi. 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