ELEVATE ,Volume 1, No. 1, April 2018, (Page.

76-79)

Relationship between Job Stress and Coping Mechanism in Psychiatric

Nurse in National Mental Health Hospital

Dwi Happy Anggia Sari a, Mustikasari b, Ira Erwina c

a
Postgraduate Nursing Sudent (Mental Health), Andalas University, Padang
b
Faculty of Nursing, Indonesia Unversity, Depok
c
Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Andalas University, Padang

*correspondent email: dwi.happyanggia@gmail.com

Abstract
Background: Nursing has been considered one of the most stressfull professions. It also happens to nurses who
work in the mental hospital. Coping mechanism known as a direct attempt to cope with the stress experienced.
Purpose: To identify and explain the relationship between work stress coping mechanism in mental nurse.
Method: using a cross sectional study design. Samples were examined as many as 92 people by means of
sampling total sampling. Collecting data using instruments Psychiatric Nursing Occupational Stress Scale
(PNOSS) and instruments The PsychNurse Methods of Coping Questionnaire (PNMCQ). For bivariate analysis
using Independent T-test and for multivariate analysis using multiple linear regression test. Results: The results
showed that nurses are female (81.5%), education level D3 (71.7%), married (65.2%), experienced moderate job
stress (89.1%), the average age of 31 , 08 years, the average length of 52.95 months and work an average of
106.68 coping mechanisms. In the correlation analysis found a significant relationship between work stress
coping mechanism in mental nurse (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The most dominant factor influencing stress coping
mechanism is working. Recommended to the hospital to improve cooperation among nurses and other health
care team, to clarify the duties of nurses and nursing care management stress to reduce job stress of nurses.

Keywords: Coping mechanism, Job stress, Psychiatric nurse

INTRODUCTION social environment and situations (Morgan

and King, 2008).
Nurse is the primary health worker in
Coping is known as the way one
hospital who often to contact with patient.
does to get out of the stress condition
It’s also happens at nurses who working in
experienced. Weiten (2010) reveals that
mental hospitals. Psychiatric Nurse often
coping is an effort made by individuals to
treat patients with psychiatric and
solve problems or handle emotions that are
psychiatric diseases, including depression,
generally negative. Wenger (2005)
anxiety, bipolar disorder, social isolation,
Confirmed that effective coping can reduce
personality disorders as well as mental
a person's stress level. Pargament (2005)
disorders and perceptions such as
Explains the selection of coping is
hallucinations and delusions, where
influenced by individual and support
patients with mental disorders often exhibit
systems. The use of coping greatly affects
different types of symptoms with
a person's ability to cope with the source of
behavioral problems such as violence ,
stress. If a person able to cope with the
Attacks, agitation and suicide while being
source of stress by using effective coping,
treated in a mental hospital that can cause
stress will decrease or will not happen. But
stress for the nurse (Letvak et al, 2012).
if the individual is not able to perform
Stress is an internal state, which can be
effective coping then it will remain in a
caused by physical demands (bodies) or
stressful situation or increase. Dacosta, et
potentially damaging and uncontrolled
al (2003) in his research identified that
Relationship between Job ... 76
ELEVATE ,Volume 1, No. 1, April 2018, (Page. 76-79)

most nurses focus on a particular problem and require appropriate coping

and apply the solution techniques.
Problems in the hope of reducing
stress at work. The more nurses apply the
right techniques so the nurse will feel
better and can reduce stress. Some of these
studies can be concluded that psychiatric
nurses experience stress in the workplace
RESULTS
This research was conducted in RSJ
Prof. Dr. HB. Sa'anin Padang with 92
samples. The result showed that there was
82 people (89,1%) had moderate job stress,
most of them were 75 people (81,5%)
education level at vocational nurse (D3),
66 people (71,7%) had married status, 60
people (65.2%) with an average age of
31.08 years, length of work 52.95 months
and the average coping mechanism of
mechanisms to reduce the stress of work.
METHOD
This study uses a crossectional
analytical design to Analyze the
relationship of job stress with coping
mechanism on psychiatric nurse.
106.68 and the factors of the most
dominant effect of coping mechanism is
job stress. Job stress experienced by nurses
is due of the fact that doctors are not in
place when needed, the number of
personnel does not match the workload and
equipment are limited. While for coping
mechanisms, most nurses feel that the
work done is valuable, feels useful to the
patient and realizes that the nurse does its
best to help others.

Table 1. Relationship Between Job Stress and Coping Mechanism in Psychiatric Nurse
in National Mental Health Hospital
Independent Dependent N Mean SD SE P Value
Variables Variables

Job Stress
mild Coping 10 143,90 9,036 2,858 0,000
Mechanism
Moderate 82 102,15 15,786 1,743

Based on statistical analysis, it was found
that the average coping mechanism used
by nurses in the mild job stress category
was 143.90 (SD = 9.036), whereas for the
nurses who were in the category of
moderate job stress the coping mechanism
Used is 102.15 (SD = 15.786). The
statistical test results obtained p= 0,000
which means that there is a relationship
between job stress with coping
mechanisms on psychiatric nurses at RSJ.
Prof. Dr. HB. Sa'anin Padang.

Table 2. The Most Dominant Factors Associated with Coping Mechanism in Psychiatric
Nurses in National Mental Health Hospital

Variable B SE Pvalue
Sex 0,169 0,027 0,001
Length of work -12,524 2,288 0,000
Job Stress -30,908 4,351 0,000

Based on multivariate analysis using With coping mechanism is length of work

multiple linear regression, the most with coefficient value B - 12,524.
dominant factor correlation was obtained
Relationship between Job ... 77
ELEVATE ,Volume 1, No. 1, April 2018, (Page. 76-79)
DISCUSSION
Stress is an internal state, which can
be caused by a physical demands (body) or
a potentially damaging and uncontrolled
social environment and situation (Morgan
and King, 2008). Stress is usually
described as a negative concept who have
an impact on one's mental and physical
well-being. Stress can be defined as the
body's reaction to changes that require
physical, mental, emotional and response
adjustments. Stress can come from any
situation or thought that makes a person
feel frustrated, angry, anxious or anxious
(Rothman, 2006).
The results showed that there is a
relationship between job stress with coping
mechanisms on psychiatric nurses. This is
in accordance with research conducted by
Ratnadiningrum (2012) about the level of
stress in psychiatric nurses obtained the
result that the average psychiatric nurse is
in the category of mild stress to moderate
stress. The main factors is causing stress
that occurs in the nurse is a conflict with
superiors, poor room management and
communication between fellow staff and
other health teams are less conducive.
In this study work stress is a factor
that affects the coping mechanism on
psychiatric nurses at RSJ. Prof. DR. HB.
Sa'anin Padang. 89.1% of nurses are in the
category of moderate work stress and
10.9% are in the category of mild stress.
Based on the questionnaire (PNOSS) the
statement with the highest mean value for
work stress in psychiatric nurse is a
physician who is not in place when needed
and the lowest average is difficult to
communicate with the patient. As for the
coping mechanism based on the
questionnaire (PNMCQ) statement with
the highest mean value is to realize that the
work performed is valuable to others.
CONCLUSIONS
Best on result, there is a relationship
between job stress with coping mechanism.
Relationship between Job ...
The most dominant factor related with
coping mechanism is length of work.
REFERENCES
Arikan F., Koksal C.D. & Gokce, C.
(2007). Work-related stress, burnout
and job satisfaction of dyalisis nurses
in association with perceived
relations with professional contact.
Dialysis & Transplantation 36 (4),
182-191.
Brokalaki H, Matziou J., Thanou J. et al.
(2001). Job-related stres among
nursing personnel in Greel dialysis
units. EDTNA/ERCA Journal 27(4),
182-186.
Chapman, R, Peryy, L., Styles, I., dkk
(2009). Consequences of workplace
violence directed at nurses. British
Journal of Nursing 18(20), 1256-
1261.
Delp, L., Wallace, S.P., Brown, J.G., dan
Muntane, C. (2010/. Job Stress and
Job Satisfaction: Home Care
Workers in a Consumer-Directed
Model of Care. Health Research and
Educational Trust. DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-6773.2010.01112.x.
Research article.
Hastono, P.S. (2006). Analisis Data.
Faculty of public health : University
of Indonesia
Hawk, N. C. (2008). Implications of
stressors and coping mechanism in
the superintendency. Dissertation.
Faculty of the Graduate School.
University of Missouri-Columbia.
Konstantinos, N., Christina, O. (2008).
Faktors Influencing Stress And Job
Satisfaction Of Nurses Working In
Psychiatric Units; A Research
Review Health Science Journal
Volume 2, Issue 4. www.hsj.gr
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984).
Stress, appraisal, adn coping. New
York: Springer.
78
ELEVATE ,Volume 1, No. 1, April 2018, (Page. 76-79)
Letvak, S., Ruhm, C. J., and McCoy, T.
Depression in hospital-employed
nurses. Clinical nurse specialist CNS.
2012: 26: 177-182.
Murphy, F. (2004). Stress among
nephrology nurses in Northem
Ireland. Nephrology Nursing Journal
31 (4), 423-431.
Relationship between Job ...
Stuart, G. W. (2013). Principles And
Practice of Psychiatric Nursing Ten
edition St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby
Company.
Zhong, et all. (2008). Workplace Stressor
and Coping Mechanism Chinese
Psychiatric Nurses. Perspective in
Psychiatric Care. Vol. 44. No. 4.
79