1LSaIOd VONVD VaOULN Jord (oreaporos ouuapqaud ayo antayep np qoute aay ULYIWGLVN A'S) em (eee) otnsfoos wan #81 “Cepremervar pate 9p voneed) yeasnepeonq e} anep atHa(qoad ausfuod (sx) sized op @ syeynoxy x] aoe H aeoanejEseq 9p AOpoREND osOpON wr oxwONTEROEG “granu op amoqqord-opuurduo (e) ayied wus unyfooe toy us onHhagdu -hdeoor atoqqoxd9g1 #22) no aKpU 98 ns ouro}goud ogy oar xt “eromoras B hgsoqi wy 3269 ad ‘epg god a6 ys ares ydnp tayo oye 16 waxe w op ‘[e29 “goqyeu juosajoud w 18 winaoid ‘pexBown yuopw,) - BorUByEUT vAEEY mIpms ap ‘paige v9 ne avo “e - TIX Tose so]LAdpo waned ulA whey op eox6190"] wiejorg “avayoa4 ato} ~ gendoid ouoyqoid TET nd TERT varwstioy ¢e 1Consi CUPRINS rot, de! SORIN RADULESCU - peat DORIN MORARU - Bucure prot MARCEL’TENA ~ Bucuresti prof, MARIAN ANDRONACHE - Bucuragt prot. CONSTANTIN CARAGEA - Constanga prof. CALIN BURDUSEL - Trgovste prof ION SAVU - Bucuret 7 eof, VALENTIN NICULA - Bucuresh prof. RODICA POPOVICH - Bind 9 bret, COSTIN MARCULESCU - Bucuresti prof: MARIUS LOBAZK - Timigoara prot NICOLAE ROMASCH » Valu Tg. Neamt | NICOLAE BISBOACK.- Albs Tos prof. MARIN TOLOSE- Slat pro. WILLY PORTAL - Arad prot. FLORIN TUDUGE - 2 prof ROMEO ILIE- Bresov prof. Gh, MARCHITAN - Sucen prof. MARIA GRIGOROVI prof, SAI PITICARU - C-lung Moldovenese prot GABRIBL MIAN - ls prof, PETRE GUTESCU - Tueen 1.3.2 Probleme propuse ot BOGDAN GNESCU, prot GHITA GHEORGHE Busta 14. Integrarea prin parfi... prot CONSTANTIN RUSU- Ri, Strat Shot aNBROaE {B DIACONU, prof PRENTIU FLORICA, | 14.1? Probleme propuse CBSCU, pot ANA URSU pref. PLORICA VOI 1.5. Alte functii care admit primitive prot NICOLAB SERBU, prof. ILIE PETREANU, prot. CERNICA POPA - Ty. Mares LB Pr ‘CONSTANTIN ARNU, prof, TIBERIU AGNOLA - Si Jeme rezolvate 1.5.1? Probleme propuse 1.6. Metoda substitutiei.. cand . LG.L. Prima metoda de schimbare de variabil Probleme rezolvate 1.6.2.1." Probleme propuse. t 1.6.2. A doua metodé de schimbare de variabilé MATHPRESS, i 1.6.2.1. Probleme rezolvate te fi copint 1.6.2.1." Probleme propuse. MATHPRESS Redactor: prof. MIRCEA GANGA ‘Tehnoredactare computerizata: ing. AFRIM MINAT GANGA iture MATHPRESS, Ploiesti, 2000 ‘Tel, 044/192118 1.7.3.8 Probleme propuse.OMLVINDLVN VIEZVE “TT 901 ‘néainong “gepadjoug 8 os ‘gnabryny 6 waheonfip 72709 « M2) "DHOLAUS “01 “p6Br "OL "*AODIOW HNP (DepEY 08 vey v apasvp nagusd yaee! waged, "I 'VdOd ‘6 661 ‘nkoanong ‘WoltIeg wanaypa IT }o4* goIeweEU ayeur op ommayqord, “C “TALAd SANLINVISNOD “1 YOrdLdd “8 ° nad SOeqTY MONA", 7EMHIOL wP 8 osluaiopp pay, 1 NYSUVA “DALLAS ypu eanpa “HL eaptupy im g¥amang ‘emey 2 e661 ‘pSemong * )a< yada; jno}v0 op auaygoud 2p 24287) -W'VONYD."9 oud yupupusy pong Wp uaz #8 pannpong FINI apos0}9 agued goyousqou geyoun 1 Bsges}o 2p ERI, “W'VONVD “8 567 ‘HFastong “orFoRepog (8 won eplCL OPA", o-71 supa naquad 9: peyvun ap aquawayg, “| YAVOCOTOD °N 0808 "F Toor ‘HSsmang ‘yoswouemoy sonzw:) eamipe ‘oepaninad 4 posyouuapede D=youD pagabyy op awapqoad Tt THOLS SANVE 4D THODTED SW NNVEHOE “f 961 "Hoang “EaTOFepod anowpiq eam ipa OTL HF HTX 0 aposnyD nuyuad poroUajam PeyOHD 9p IE oud #6 nhowoeg , ‘NVISWNIN - QONVLS “AT IALAVW “WO “‘OEANILYS '% "R267 ‘HSomONg “w>ENER, pal gouborus of pafuasnfp mayo 2p 204s)904g LL “NVZOWOM "1 YRVEY "T ayersorrqig1. PRIMITIVE ¥ a quelques années, longtemps le ealeu! are se refers ut acest din uemi éapitol gi evident ex ca: este evident, se vede ugor, se stie ck, se giise ete. gi care pentru cititorul obigmuit treb cle cele douk concepte abordim o modalitate de tratare a integriti 2 de prezen Integrarea este con Propunem tn continusre caracteristii ale acestora, Find date dou numere reale oarecare a,b, atunci se poate cales Sah, (a,b) R¥ cu suma s cunoseutd, situate pe o dreapti de ecuatie «-+y are o infinitate 2. Dat fiind numéul real b, atunci-se poate cal se poate gsi un numir real posi = 6, iar de aici r = ye © < 0, nm exist Pentru ¢ > 0, avemyap 9 e1- $=) 14+ =) 'S=@)9 ana (2) gw! B eyomny najuad nyc % gard 0 ap Uqion visa go euaye ye nt sumo up 5 tefysou o ayso nur8 mye para: a aon = (2) "y— wip oe EE ‘Blown op ppenyfer atafin 0 2480 pramyfapou vymsboyas > woufos 9g -2Hfons9s90) ude ( (Erm » gai seus=1= (9 Wad atso 2500 — = MED MMT o) =p. Ud greajor 96 & Phoopeu apoio aout a8 6 ny soarutad wou“) enqtrtad oqruspe areo otfowns 0 (tuazonm 7) y— TF ag “e-e-t oiayoey = ©)0 Was Dos (grep moe) Bd FE = = to Taquad a SP (2)/6 (yy: ff asvo uuguod ‘2 Hare = (2) tee0o = (a) 'y wf om naqued ‘au (== wom ( = x uy wpdvomp vp eyeatsep vf a8) (0 129 my wreartep) (9)'2) = (4)ot). i) = (Pa punge (g'0] = 7 weg (g b mye id aquupe B,, woswurrdxe ysojoy ton ON, “7 ott 1 py om4pHyUD 0 9804) YW paguid 0 aa8oum 98 oxhmyop ee = (2) Wo wf ames nique cere wien) 6 = (MF A 6 Sy foe wn Breanop saSeouma y asvaaapiyue) astoy ug oyfoums’ 98 yong foam apart guruzoyop os ane> mad (wifesado) mapooos ‘eajmuugd 0 9489 2) 201 ad aang apiqnarpeeansd 9480 5 vp otmnds your 9s ga ‘o¥founy & gard 0, syfvouna v ef aujsas omy sammupe yep eyfouny oreo ad wounqu pvstoaud aengary wumwoproruy (f -r}oasas4o) oe patio lus) woseany Seep sAope 158 08 = 4) voytetndan 1 foUNgE *pyeAHP 0 wo yyNDEO £3 2(A) (= (7). 4 a “ret enmyeg flow somsta tuyap woynd aquartaye arsooe Oy) = (co'9): 16 a8 Se uy june ey aprumad «pv = (a (Th yo ae yy Seep rea -(ovenmtos 2p fn Ur wopan thos ateo ws WIpATeUP 9p awa ad tH Yom aja;) “oxinjos ways guiaygozd oy oxeod aarymad 2» aque sbtw 2799 op ays0 aunabaqu ap vifusado = ‘qeod afaimy 0 « Sgeae cerfouny aylosed og -f mye (geroaut) goosdioas ayfommy o wynge eqvod 95 ‘sr0M Md ele = (eM ym MES ata Ym ‘open 0 wey 4+ = (ty youity spigy seo ys00e UL apse yrgsroqur wata[goad pep KF ysIonWT gxepoITN ate ‘erooroud r30q “(PT p ® ,Y uyed 2092 2309 9p ayentayar 0 yispke Yo wiesstOD ag - ay ind an wis "p> ,Y nngod gy ‘eyao1s9 aqwod as ‘SrOA| “PT 2VY w gpeuoSouo wiooraid mig “p 3 ¥ $ um] mar axe orwod grep axfouny © naqued eared yar wareutusnadt (1 Hfeau2ey9, mud yowayou as yp: 61.3. Proprietati generale PL. Fle g:1 A, I interval. Dack Gi, Ga iT R sunt doul primitive ated, (e) = Gale) = 0, (Wr € L, €= mumér real. istrafic. Din ipotest Ci, Gz sit derivabile pe T si Gi(2) = G4(z). = fx), W)z € 1. De aici (Gy ~ Ge) (2) = 0, (¥)# € I. Atunci se gtie (0 consecinyi Lagrange) cl exist o constant e € R astfel incit Gi(2) ~ Gal) = a teoremel o(eele Observafii: 1) Deci dou primitive ale aceleiagfunctii defini pe m intr-o constant’, terval difers interval R- (0) 8, ive pentrn g pe R— {0} « 3) Daci se adaugi o constant ¢ la o primitivé Ga lui g pe I, atunci se obtine G +e, care este Lot o primitiva a lui g pe I. Deci milfimea tuturor pritnitivelor lui geste | folxjdz = Cle) +€] unde G este o primitivé a lig, iar @=R este Analog se procedeazit penti 1a fost ales arbitrar se obi J lelde + falalde c fUfl2) + af2)]de ie H € [[f2) + gle)ldr. Dec Hs bh Se) + gla), 2 ET re J fl Ba FB Dec GE fglm)da. Pr adic HE f f(a)dx + f g(x)dz. ( JUG) + alelde Cf Fla)de + J gfe), nH € f f(x)de + f g(x)de BCS) = (Fi R), atunct 1B (sta sea oe 8} (2) reenltd egalitat G este derivabild pe I si Gl =H — wmare H = G+ Ha fost ales arbitrar Fe [slelds, Ge fate)de ast este derivabilé pe I si H'(2) = 1) veaultt f fede ¢ 0 =ftg-fay. n Ge f glade i Pe f Held, a ‘Tabel de integrale nedefinite elon Nr 4 i : PUNCHIA pC EDEFINI 4) Dack 29 € J este un purich onrecare, yp € R gig : J — R are primitive, atunci a : eee eee exist o #1 Rew Gao) = vo. Intr-adevir dack H : 1 — R este o primitivi a lui g, atunei o alt& primitivi 1 Ra lui g este G= H +c. Cerind G20) = yo se obtine ¢ = yp — H (2a) 1 e P2. (Ore algebrice eu functii care admit primitive) FISR TEST Bie fg 1 R(F interval dot fnei care ait primitive pT ako €R | more very ce 1) f +9 adtaite primitive pe F si JLf(#) + o(a)lde = f flops + [9 (unetia putere ext exponent i wns al x suming); real diforit. de —1) 2B, IC (0,00) 3 IC (00,0) 2 Sieyie= = [Flalde + € = P(x)+ € unde C= (h: 1 +R; h constants} Pan ist F este 0 primitiva alui f pe f : oaamiein Demonstrafic. 1) Fie F,: I +B primitive pentru f gi respecth 4 F+G este derivabili pe J (ca sum cle funetii derivabi ORR, gla) sar, Fe) + G2) = fla) gl), # € I, coon ce arati ck F+C 4 fo>vegt ita. fonctia ex 18 de a} S& demonstrim in continuare egalitates de mulfimi, Pentru aceasta folosim dubla a a ” Rsao = (2 Selemsini=spety f a uso g y $48 ,8 Datspe tahettsei matte otk = Bt = (0)6 ret oy [on sf sens fants a, 224 Geta Hata) Se] Ml mange [tangs [tong [angen get go fae ieee a0 98 OZ 2 anlep zp emf = cle fet Gaye 1 ; . #1 Sars t fem 2[= a [e-% [=e - 2) [= ee ie Les a aoe vere faci ere . kg 8 5,| oor mtet sa sf te [tne [ae eae . any “ay - =aeef 7m = wwe WW o> ec (Za Jf 1 eer Ti zap = @) wae 1 ‘orwoypttani ajapeaazut onaynaqvs ax wg Sh Slap — . 1 3 st ejay = * 6 © MeatoRON Wie “Feet atlomep tn BSE ES ogee : whieh cau 1s ayopse wpa aaa J tees tay = SEE ‘ pee oa 4 : : 7 ateye ape f rwe(co+ aac | at ‘uous ; ° (enoqaody atewp=apzy ap SG wiF=(me |g 2 ih wet emo fan (oo) = use w'-) = une nes (v—'oo-) = 6 M6 aN ae YEINISICAN VIVHDAINI viLonoa YLINIEACAN VIVYDENE vitonna asrsafetine [oMe=242— ge +en 1a)a= f (sing ~ cos 3) de, rer R. Ave refs Min goon 4 08 § rose +e. = fite~ frineds = de = ~etgn +eosn+€.0 = aresing +1 ye f Be “J pps tetas rie 7 43 |N89 4) 8 maae ofl unsHo: +N tay een D og mp =e uy a : aay apli + 2)f ‘(g'e0=) ad 14 0 epows w unwed "Yad 9 aC“ = 4 (0)0 = (x0 Wwe Fy ome oe yy -mydwoeg HU: 8 egfomny w apere a8 vy ae yompur ap nu (73 {(2)6} = Tad snaps (HF gua “wae fw FH ag “Bal ure 96 xnoqieg oy wayOaidond 940 we “gs Ke gp 09 vom F = (ha) Fw f= t= 8A) 5 $y ou 3 te yystxe pounye (((0}0“(@)8) 3.x nes) ((9)6 vvorwpoudoud are gowp 7 ad xnogied 1 e (as Sf = (yp (ay = BUY 7) 2 © a (GAZA) 3 HST GAM smsy op =9> eh = ) 1 Oy ad aay oq j jeuorfer svat v= (ele a 9> 97 39a) 2 vial wer y od onrutad 9 The (2)6 y= a 6 ye eee oe 9 “mc ane gst ares ae now nee (9°0) Bunge +7 od anogsog imp weyoqonedacd aan Tad aaygunad ayempo nu «Y= Pil eq “teTOROD, xmoqsed my wayeaudod are 1) go alse oyfouny o a 5 pumy “] ad & Bm -(xnoqieg, Sy a8 (2 nud oy M6 = (2), rein ny oy ad ongtanyed ayupe are jad oppo y — [2 f Pun afomny EQ “sa eos yg "73 2 (A) ‘0 (#)(fod) wareroudosd no y— 7: f ein man 1 gt+ius— 2% (ot +t +e tg + eso — ‘g(t sap + a)a— HE me fotGtal+amte tote ece ‘at oe Bor * (or ee ~enehy 3+ BS ~F ‘9+ mor fi +3-(-)g-S " oo Bpce an! (et er Ee =f fe Es00+ Eas) f (or a )f o> 2p =a f «ime R, a tre = 0 pentru’a obtine o primitind G a lui g pe intreaga multime R. Legitura intre constantele ky si kz se realizeaxi din ceringa de continuitate a lui Gin punctul x = 0 (daca stim cé g admite primitive, atunci G este derivabila gi prin urmare continud).. Verificarea derivabilitatii lui G7 in punctul de "lipire” 2 = 0 nu mai este necesari {are loc imediat), aceasta avind loc deoarece g flind continu pe R, g sdmite primi- tive pe R. Atragem atentia cX, in acést cag, integrala nedefinita a lui g este J ge)dr = G(x) +e, ‘cu G determinati mai sus. In general dacé g: JR, unde f= (), g(t), 2 e(a 3) alah 2) = Ie . . a2) = g(t), © E (re, = hy cate 0 fumetie continu& pe T, atunei pentru a calcula 0 primitiva (a lui ge cal culeaad: pe Fi, fgu(z)de; pe ta, f go(2)da; ..j pe Le, ge(a)da gi se alege cite 0 imitiva din miltiaile de mai 1 € Por(a)de, Go € J gnlz)de,- Conte He € J gu(x)d2, dupii care “arhitectur Get, reh Gey] Ge) +0, 2eh Goa) +e, PE, +, Cr se determing din conditia de continuitate a lu 20-1. Uneori se utilizeaza, in determinarea con Tn capete: (a) = Jan Gla). GUO) = hin Ge). se poate lua constanta €; egal cu zero (dack nuveste o alti ‘cium integrala nedefinita este ide constantele C), C2, cu Gi precizats mai s urmitoatele funcuit 2g: RR, ale) = |x Us 4) g: RR, g(z) 5) 9: ROR, glx) = VFL + VTE DSL, | + aot-{ > pres mos 4, 2 € (Bn, oe tethrelins 9oeey eS -etheel cont +2, 2 € (x2) —2e, 2S -h -2, 29-1 S)a(2) =[e-M+lettl= 9 ee (11), G(ry= Qr+l, ee (-11 Qed Baer PG. Fi atunci g Fedo h heya este interval, cocaree arati ci h absurd g ar ite mnerea. ci g at ad ive. ive. Contradictia a provenit d O sehen’ de lacio funchie g : 1 R(T interval) admiPe er eee mosey punyorry o=ug +i pup $= 2 nayuod i; = wg —w puto ‘9 = 2 nantod 6 goyien 06-99 "yD # sau nafuad guryrope oyso eoyesTyeBS UMD °Y 3 (A) 12809 g¢9 = [UIs (ug-Hu)—<500 (wg —t)]ng9 BD F(A) (2)E = (2), ‘poep Saf od 6 ane gatgntid apse 29 exfoung “gy ad g[qeaup oye 4) ¥> Le aH9g A, y od): any e garter o ys (x mst + 2805) ._9 = (8) "My — We exlouny 0189 ur ajeat aforotan auMNAM}Op 98 BE “2809 op? = (2)O BB MEG joy ap ums wo azede oava ay ea “yy 3 v amy‘ = T= 4 B amngan faq “eaxqtumd onupe re-u You pep th-plods wm esquamuoostp ap yound y seg = x Hunye "9 #1 ~4 BED ‘ovfouny enop’e n2yted “(a 2d) axnmneiead agtape pop 1 gnaryuos ayse arfouny eet, o sopra we aqeigaontdoud wy --enop © mipe ‘ugaT ‘essudyyepy sandepe ‘Ia Hone yateue 9p swmaurg,, - e2ue "] Yeax) oUNyE ‘OB YR “7 uP viods areymunuossip ap qpImd are D yep wisrpnys (oungy “ynuRueD apse nt B yet we, Tad aanyrurid oynmpe eo yo of 95 tune “gomejuoa ays9 RoE “7 ad ¥ ‘fot youp sao" apse wound o-ou 9189 ad guuaygoud wanted “7 ad ar}otmy o puny ¥req, 13d onqund erenus reas | 2d armund aywpe nu 6 1 2d anand uC ¢ isds euud squpe nu 6 xnogieg Inj Bereisudoud P| up syeynunuoasi Pang ‘8p und 16 B 1 ed ‘onquud eyuipe 68) Fie g : (chao) = R, (2) = SE, $a oe determine «,b,¢ ast (loo) — R, Gla) = (a2? + be + )VeT sh fie 0 primitivk a Ini g pe (1,00) - IR. Runctia G fiind prods de fanctil derivabile pe (—1, 00), este o funetie derivabili, [Aceasti functie este primitivg pentru (po (—1,c0)) dac& G"(e) = af), (¥) 2 >—1 ‘Aven: (Qaz + 0)VEFT + sebess = HEMEET, 9 > —1 sou (6a 15):" + (40+ 3b— 15)z 42-4 e= 0, 2 > 1 Dind lui x tri valoridistinete val (1, c0) retult sistennal ibe {fete w+e=0, cu solutiae =3,b=1,¢=-2.0 4) Fie 9: [al] +R, c € (a,8). Dack g admite primitive pe [a,¢} si pe fe, 4}, atunet sh se arate c¥ g adinite pi i R. Fie Gy : [ae] — R 0 primitiva a tui g pe [a,¢), iar G [6,0] + Ro primitiva a lui g pe [e.8)- Atanci lum G: [a4] — R o posibilé primitiva a lui g (pe [a 8) astfel joy af Gh 2 Ela : = Eee een, i4(0) — Gale) Bvident G2) = a(2), (W)# € Aven: 2) = lim 8) = {c}. Avem de aritat c& G'(e) = gfe) Sele i SUEEB = (0) = 90), Bice EDEESEAS Yimn Gale = Gal — (C2,)4(c) = gle) ae A ee ceoa ee arati ch Ge) = Glo) = 0). (e+ 1)sin}, 240 saint 2#0 | f sind, 2 #0 w= { 0, r=0 “{ 0, r=0 Prima fanctie (gu) este continus pe R*, iar din 0 < [esin}| <.[a| se deduce 1 = 0 = (0), ceea ce arati ck gy este continu’ gi in x = 0. Deci ‘Ste continui pe R si prin urmare admite primitive pe R. Functia ga, vom arta ci mite primitive pe R. Dec fanetia g find suma a dou’ functi care au primitive pe R, ate de ssemenea primitive pe & (go este un exemplu de funetie care mu este = gi(2) + ox(2), # ER. > 5 ch g: RR, g(2) = [2], unde [2] este partea intreagt a mumirul reals (fo) €Z, b] << fa} 41), ade po tcp R. Gum g(R) = Z nu este interval, result eX g nu admite primitive pe R. Q ate cK g RR, gle) = 2— [o} nu admite primitive pe R. im metoda teducerii la absurd. Dack am presupune e g ar admite care admit pri See R. Daci f ar admite o primitiv’, atunei aceasta ar fi de forma: mea * <0 | asin tae, 2>0 2 = O resulta k =k Se poat res={ <0 Din F con Deci 2>0. Este clar ci F este derivabild pe RY gi P'(x) = f(z), 2 €R" Sa vedem daci (0) = f(0). Avem: 9) Sa se dotérmine k ER wo={ care funetin f nz>0 r=0 lim(elne +e) =e eae, aae=0. Dect aloe, 2>0 Fley= P venultic F devivabil pe (0,00) si F"(x) = f(a), x > 0. Din constiofr te fo ovjouny arvoay named gannunad 0 azaqnayeo os ys atyeunuye mo 0) Sathruyop 9p opatotmop ad sartnad ype ay Pp reo (2 wonder ag (j 98a) = nantog 3 >> 9 afape og r)5 9 — (0x6) 3 (a) ‘qwaaoau 9389 ne (7)y_ 39 gywse os , (°%9'*Fy)qia = %9 yevoron ag -( Uae Be (2) UCB 98 "49 — 05) 3.2 (a) so ane 0 < "9 (6) “0 < 9(a) 89 4 Oe UT BIO F usp wawtomsR ag “(9 4 (Ox)f'y — (Ox =)f wose vs UC #08" ~ 9s) 3) aM PID PME) Ne dee ee OF wt 492)8 > (Oa)F aoU4 fe (90) 3 Me EMG ee opmn “eartmd oprepe wy yo aMaeA ap 10 pape nm y 18 ‘Teatoney aya nu ows (7 3 2 [l2)f = (2)0) = (Ds pa Py Pea SY ee) = ny an buUG*32 o uy osountip psc ap wa a0 (yy Flt are 8 oe (py = tutus 4.2 aU fi ¥o 3p swe “44 > (A) Tn U1 3 #(a) 43 (2) Ue pase 49 3 17) “fp wysvee ae unued 4g = Ue W are 4od 28 y muy & arexedas ap wayeqoudord 8 te 1 -(02)8 £ (02)f oma c= 0 trav (p me (OIA 8A) 3 = =P eh ag (e (epBizn@) 9 EK GA =4 Grav 2 vd G2 BIeaT as N>12=v Bor =4 8G) my wove wT peau AE [Eo] 2d saree opeape m @-wulEo]a* ‘so pu[fojse «= “beten | :1 ances Pe ny Yo are as ve } =O aH Oe) :y -wUU'») >= BUG) se ‘eplauny # oyuaHtp ‘on nop ye (g'n) Hf ata meee a eter une 109 on poe rt Pewee leenanuee oat Vt+ete (88 t |Leyeue bee } Cena AG eR | a yews ece pea (ane form ojaswoyguum yo exes 88 2g jamtop ad aatyramad quupe aap 9p 21 jeenp(u gets ed (w gtatetoe (‘a+ Emset (Eemz— (Baa, H(C perus-F (0 otenes rio bee oh gteRe—eh@ cgtemtsly—e(s ‘heh -ehet8 ‘ atahsitaue- 230 satrg-Rla ‘atest te OU sero aE) 92 z a2 (2e40) 2a edna e'()s0+ (E)w= coro Eoyoe tema (yr use’ (2) ww=eu ‘at >a fegotegoon: (Et) 32 oc gy OMG OR HREM ore =O 0 o amqaiy, y ad onnjrarad ogitupe rep 18 99 od gnuption syso axjouny eunag Os tna o=2 4 #2 0 } O42 wir +2) }x er rmaog qe f 989835 a 2 29 one aL oF tor +2) Jee MW pase 37 outcry 2 ws (Or 21989 0 o== 0 ofa Tape }rou 1 WE of od gatmand yWOM OE yo anpieaid enuape we s eer 1 go ayese 98 HS (11 noqzvg] ny voyeytidoxd ae 9380 g = HT “PY 01 Wed onnimd eye nw 6 fap 8 yeasOyUT 9489 WU anes “Hlo} = 09-) 3 > E> Ff nfo} = (Oo-)e aq {0} ~ ('2-) 3 = goep *F < (2) sus reat ep sop: ‘eqnanred oyeagtnoan 0 (£4) = “13 (2)8 oynaas ys (0} = (09) 3 4 as wad pap 1 9 30 Pe Pyse 9 <> wIsIKa yo aonpap as g = x Me 2ngUa4 9169 7 UI) “4 3 (2)F oxfnaas ys (0) — 123 2 (A) ADM pee Q = Im © roan 2. 2 (2) snes we (0) — 7.9 #(A). a0 pre 0 gunmen op equi Wy uousuvay, “B nantod ‘gods guts ap. 2958 9 = = wo yore eo woe9 ‘9 = (Q)6 # 1 = (zon UU fm w 2d arya oye 1B 99 oonpop a8 ‘ghads ena 3s PHY Yd saree ‘gop ¥ eimocaytp v2 y ad eacqund aye ae 8 pansqe aonp nt {0°t=} = (ay)) af ad aagte ‘af ac antgiumd ayape “yy oe tupe nu + 9ar009 "y od an} pe wey =y—6 y0eq.(eatoqM tno} (_y) [wAsont A oquape nu y-eyouny (a) + (aly = ina0y «) 6 ae 96 (1 “000% = (#)6 (g ose fe Hw ead oF OT es week frome eects fot 1 ca ag od oanratad ape ner yfouny opareongtan go ateuw 2 85 (OT acepteed ao are |- ine Lerjaz feet de be (0) 3 = 7 I rset k ose ye ; ace 'b-® (ov! feo)ae = | =e ane ose ' . ast . savy nanied lew anaer tse Toe ss « ' qeoipar ¥ tmottnd aut}uo> 288 nud o ouiuisqap a8 pe ‘of rut ovep apni ump envoy aang @) roigo ye Batt q~ ME = (2) (F807 eg + tf = (9 - aqme} = (#9 (6 B+ aA(e—a)§ = (0 (e ory MED = (ery MUR Het (ony * sf = (a) (es is oyesd yore ye # any v2) BaltuMLA o oayeHsDIOp 26 gs 6 ay ‘geo passed g <9 (g TR =D fqpmwo govoagqeme 9g "y od gpEqeAtAp yO pefoumy youn ean renee yd 412 aummarap 08 BS (L WEP WE =? CT =O PHY ayes [q— 2] — 2a], = (#)9 A BE pumneas fr) 3 2 + ep = (aD a= 1 = M's — PT a> = papprumad o 9y ys (pt ama tem +g Jom pase yD p'2'g'D suMMURTap 28 Bs @ fo =0 Fr aa Es 2 Ce = = yplosane so) = (2p ‘exanrtae)’ =) a= ( tap— ght ent at) = Deeg = OH ¢ ~-)Alsfl. 1, $0) = ky se Si se determine & € R pentru care fnetia 0,09) = R, Ce delns+2,2>0 fee) = 4 neo cadmiite # pe (0,00). RO primitivs F :[0,00) —R, pe (0,20) pentru f are fori >a 2-0. ia f : (0,00) —R nitiva neinjectiva. Si se arate ci f se Deci exist! a flrs). Pentru € (max(f(21), flas)), Mea), ""€ (2.3) penten care f(a!) = fle") = A, ceva ee com. i, Doci este strict monoton). Dack f este st Sle) > Hy) 31 Fo Ne) < (Fes) = 3y sau fe) ~ fly) < 3f2— y), contradictie deoarece men v. iar col dreptnegativ Je strict creseStoare, almuci punind, in relagia dati, in loon! lui x, f(#) avem: (fo fo f(z) = (Fo file) —3f(m) = —2flz) ~ 3x renultat cor leoarece fof o,f este atrct cresctoare in timp ce —2f(2) — iz este @ deseresestoare. Deci in final f nu poate admite prinnitive. 2oy Fie fT RY, g 1B, adi ive R. Fie FJ + Ro primitivi a lui f pe R. Deci P(x) = fle), (W) 2 eR. PU) = fle) ERY eenultd eX F(2) <0, (Wx € I sau F(x) > 0, (Wx € 1 (Dack P'>0 1 F°< 0 pentra a ven es tr ok poate Iua valoatea zero), Deci F este jectiva). Se considers K 21 —J = PUI), Ke) = ite primitive, g com 1K. Sige arate ck fog eT (si deci , derivabi Ununeatd cf exist K's JT derivabils, i K"(e) = f(z) #0, (We € 1 fia goK JR aWw ‘enle ye) st [ —(aya(ee > 1 yawcargae at vote f von any ome) [#79 4 t= 9 a wo(e Ole) 6 [3 a x0 wreae 20 w> hf = | =a BOON HAE fy ELH socan(e) ster [3 aa. np ud yeuyjma 9p wayesiias tayzastotiog ad earned qrumpe ‘7 od pninguos pu BL BH Gf 8 f qe (sarees [ (emer = 2n(2) 000 f wifo onnamud neupe ff 8p DqsaeaLop any a (WazHEN]) ee eye id ap soy ape} 1S wayyMo9 aqeatsap 12 = (o)By — J) xnoqieg (ay — (0s > 0 > (Yt (0# 88 mog neo dutoxo ap 9 < (4) “(o)h yo aundnsaid aywod 9g “{((9)y 19) (OWE) 3 EG D8 3 ye mpepoues BE Sy ee smonie sean ae Pewee a res wea (MINN M) Le, =a 04 gece ssf ote 6) gunpnoo ee wea (oreey = (yey y spe aed Ho TRY HO Sosa =F a)ef He fo) neo te tae oe tad Sopouy “9 > (#)f wipe ‘9 > 1S (OFA! S (elt p founye ‘osrqurtad 9p mune ‘2 > Fp “ty > gO > quad ayeymmuoseIp y od gua em v poe “lo = ty 109 2988 f wylNeDN “yD v 20K vwonv ood nut oxen upd (0+ af =f (O~) af = (0~9)f = Ww & yd vaig “plods wad dp oyeyinay [p9 tone oqeod 7 “yo on$ 96 ounny -arworgasan> oye f 99 wuOMREPY “Y, raguoostp ap sound um sau foo ozv f yo oyuse 98 pg vonsnrared anrmpe (W((2N) = (ad) wh AU Janse A) 3 1 yosvH yo eayeyautdoud no guorouoRt stfouTy OM — aL aL «(9% 1 od aatrunad aque Bf yo xep ays umM>y anmunid ayeape 6 yo gawead «(74 eUIa|qond WG gd = (G> ph= F fe ap se fa eOs = (6-4) Saueieatap oa b- oumay “Fwy e yatTURIM "y— J: god U aaquanad ape O- f 99 ere 20 2g “yuuidagur eywatsep mo griquatsop 6 ‘anrwuntsd omtmpe fa — 1: 6'F ata (Ge . S cakiunue yumpe ome> “vou ap gums vo (oamumad euipe gataos pay ff) anryunad ome 63-4 8(2— f) = Af tumoy “} ad ancwtmad owmpe #(: — J) eelouny ‘(0g wrasjqosd uneytosy “7 ad ‘grvoqn op mar 6 aalgunurd aqruupe + — f ecfouny oumay “Ww = (2) 'Y— 72 ata 73 #(q) "We -< (2)f vom pee yd w RoR ngage f wg a cq ‘gg -wnutquco axforny #01 ‘aannad oyeupe B® gyractagen f BHT BS ot ve (0 > (62)y(te)y ave naqnad (2) (2 — t2) + (ale = te) = (2)y ‘y — {9'2) + y pefouny varesepisu0s yrwaraiins as 9 = (02) = 1a) + (02).9(0# — 22) wus0} qus yexysuouop op eifeper purtosey “Sef Te crOAy te = (tx) ‘ie = (la)g no [giv] 3 be" roppyaund vfuayseco sonpap 28 (0 = (0a) [p'v] 3 OF xy youd um UEfud Jao ore yuO}OUOLL [4'v] — [g'9] :f) ses ny ecoxoes pura “sewoywosaso INE Ay 'y BIN Y <= OS = MAT saan = (8) (F sapoa pate (ft) 3 02 nes) (2242) 3 Ue Boe bo 3 2a'tx ajoronal gaara go apeze a8 Bg (t'9] 3 #(A) "CD # (A) 09 (= [a'9} Dig aparganed aeape axe yfouny guop "9 > 9 > oP] — (9: BS 1g (ez : aed anmunsd oqype armmaam md 6 yracdoo wemotoe ap 918 gf gf = gf B wap gnuryuos afiony vie ¢f eymany -wlods wud 2p Sresmuguoasip ap droutd gpeeod ner aqwretidoxd gasweoe axe arv> axfoung 29410 3%C, Senoqueay fn woyeatadoud ate ,f yo yoga ‘anyustad oyunpe pf MY "PE eI a GL ypop f8 pods eur op rigamansmoosrp yeuann Sue J yo (sgeyncMuoss 16 sorowo yy Tp - 661 ~ ssoudte 4 BanUtP ~ HU wopzed ‘pourenoest ‘yiyoue op oyuourqa., -22u¥s) “WY eon) atk a6 puNE ‘RUooKNE pay f eHDUNA “A 9 od oncytmtad oze ,f ounye "y 24 saryeud ate (/- 4 =) of 9 worepondesd no yuogouour aifoury o as Bm BEF HUM alee (04 24) sariunad onneape ssezw v9 8 geurUo> oy f o°f pad “(a od) gnutyaos 2350 ‘xnoqied fat vazojaudosd puree 1 yuoqortoKE ots py Fevfoung mad xnoqieg in woreyoudosd ave fy> wane anrqteNEd ayrmpe fu y od aarnraad sare fo f 8 pune “y od annrmd ayimape f oop yo ayere 98 gg “BuorouoME UIE AY EL ot ALI aqeauiap as tad gntpe oayMutd ayuape Bf y> wrere fH = Bor: yey puny yy of mye garimud oy — 7 |~ 3%. Recipros,fe Ge Fenlta) [ Mealetde. Exists Pe f setelee atte inci = Jn F.Avern (P= (fa = P= fy coo carat cd Fe J fle) (@htr, Deoatece G mete drept al eagie(4) result [teow torte > soar f rewards 0. fost o funetie ar bine (*). a F a (x) este eunosenti ab raph deeit integrala din stinga. Dae’ ‘3 face 0 alt alegere 1.4.1, Probleme rerolvate LL. SR se calenleze integralee: 0 fivate.e>0, 2) fatnets 2505 9) f a ferede, 22m 9) [erree netic, rer: 0 florea, eR; 1) fesinnds, wR 8) [ VTi, 2 > 5 9) | VET, © eR: 10) f B= Fide,» € (~4.4h uy fever Hie, » $3; 1 [PVE =e 295 yf fe ade, 1 ER; 16) f oven de, » e(-h in forngute eer 9 f => fost 268 1) fo oenin rR de da, €(0.5) 19 tn = [ Zeppdes HER, NEN, 22 R. 1) Alegem (2) = Ina, (2) = 1. De aie J"(2) = ale) = el prin pay vem f(a) = Ina, g(x) = 2, Deci fa) = 4, g(a) =F. jeri prin’ pint gl rem j fonste= Zine! Obseronfic. Se ponte at b= 2lne, (Wf) > = hie (a+2H) = 0, (Ye > = | eenulth a4 2b = 0,<0 (v'v-) 30 a+ (2 Dat (ee g1prtt é tm straps + Fowngr = enema [ ~e-oirr+$urompy = 5 neo ez —91/) = (8) oe wore 91)2 =¢ # = (@y pun ays009n (94 = snfeeraype [ + ZBL oF» a+ eta + )m1 0+ got expat = tien [ 2590 pe ag otieh [otmpens BHA) = (a) pe = (2)f stave [= SHE, fp obey ae foe sorgupurose) may (5 = erga 2 | wmy a9 19 opt toy ane wy — (00'g]:¢ (6=g2r + oe) 31138 a f(r uate [tor uae someone ff 9 + spree [ 6 fe afee 92 pie 2)f (y (© meee. fuse ‘ap [0 spresoy ozaaqe a8 95D) asndoxd owayqorg PFT ce tpeme fe 9 * 'ep,.0( — 26+ wd = “ap.0(1 — 27 — 2 ~eae ana f mom wit seme p= (0 1S (x)f = |Ca)s1 = (0) ~ (24) 8 (af Z 2m) ,2— ,9 vynaos 2uyy2 Z [Cas ~ (2941 90] 048 woect Md (6 ay p= (x) f aySanyd oe (40) 1h 28> (2)f o| vompuos v9 ~ GMI =e = ee legal = ey Zl ysl = 2 = (MF = (ODS (1 a MF (2) awpesy 2 5 |( 2 ZI — Of] sone (3 a2 (a) ruige = (a) ng@ “(7 90} axe ye SOM = Us 20 vont ayeod oaed Hone [,9°0] 3 (Af “Cf un ZAMS = (2)/| ousuen ~: 0H: Dates tejye = "tw a Lt GBA yawe yt = ME nme =e ri! a) — Leet wt = (EERE f 4 aphteih [) (OLA ea T+ eet 5 [0-148 = itt [CEO Lett = = mote”) [=i zm ppe arent + +a + BRS agg: siget og — 2S = Ee Flee £2 «ay uHON i) = 2 [pcp = Sa fy 22 [yet anemia EE fie a a+ (e+ Na ahs = [-#8e82= spew f ox HON (at = (a)8 25 = (2),f pre op th |= (2),6 ‘2 Byom = (wy) sve ole op 9 ape 9+ (29 = apc f Trae 'ly nod (sham gd ores sap neater ad urs oR yeqsooe uote “Snitt ap etu810%4 1Zan) pprgoauop 280 J api myoasayus odba — cose) + cbee arcsin 2) + 2VT= a? resin: —2e-+@; 25) earcsing + VTSa? 26) “2VT~Faresin YE + 2JE +E; 27) aanctg VEIT ~ LVF T + w+ I)Ee 29) (27432) : 1g) J eterBda, © eR 20) [er sindede, eR: eo cos Bade, m8 ER, x € Rj 2 foe 1 a [aig VEU, «> bs nesing 24.8, [FF ide, we oy [ev . ER, 30) [at lde, 2 >a: wf 42) f Epos, 46) [TER VT=Bie, #6 mde Let ee 3) (22 Ae bs) +e resin — 8. € (0.1) ntegralele de ina jos 8) stein + 2ecosz — 2: ) Se calculeasi 2) +32 = $e g+e; 13) Bet +e, ) alge +4yiFE+e; 17) ) 20° F(a? Av +8) +65 21) So(asin Be'~ feos ba) + 6; 2,9, Ie = = ef darctge + &; 16) 2/T Faveso>e Fg am (een) o@>I- Tt 1Ateumme ON ee Sanat teams | eee a= C014 0 ose q-4-2m Jeu erway cr Jeu Baas ose Pee) feats Betad-S) I'l a2 (Emwreg+,2—grayp f OM BH (oO) a .o (raf 10) 3 2 Swrsore se Jer ‘ww [100-): f(g were .0s8 oe vert cn fee wsu . 01-32 2 OSs ‘Foe Jeu Wl) Fg O0 PoR-RFO)=4 & z=0 Observatic.susoy o0v'9 od J any © A) Ys y eae a ad oars 2 ost o¢e Fete (F if BISEO Hy sod Ow, arere a5 9g } = erase ef x wie os “yy voretidond ox g ad anyone oy wy ed xnoging ose ote “WALL emp onatpms as 96 «lp ‘gums ws (3)s00(F)uts jsnposd yeusopinen uy O=2 Oly, one 4 095 am tt GEE at flee (C4500 + 1§ = (F),909) enioy que f ous ag) ag 2 od aqqstnd annnpe oe ol = (0s ‘waisoy af J oonpe ogy, “wad axjuuind aympe ‘ose rn : venta WME LF goep azarpnas a 95 (2 Q=e ‘ol,, o=7 ‘0 fey eal soap 3 (F)o00 f + (Geo F = (P)ys09 way “a af eYfpuny wo orm as ¥g (1 osndoxd omoqqond o'TS'T O'Yod ontymmed ampe Dep ¥ a od oaiquned quurpe oreo aiouny ap greeny arfourqnio9 ayso f vyfony $ =o muqKIg, 1g ad sand aympe me y fap pesoquE ap “(} = Qe pam 3 pu sorp) w3 2 4 = (ay po § = 0 vimp yod (c= waywoe (7 raeyqoed ef ap (@-toa19oqo mp) yo oa a)it = (a)y= OS" ‘ote o=F wl (HEM = DoE can PEO gg epee (Geo— DES ommpe 6 ey}ouny oF? “Due } ay "Mw: f exfouny your jopse v war ayourezed suIuEONep 26 Bg -Z wad aargund ayiumpe vasa MOT oes + MOU: f efouny yo prose os gusimeus Brooo8 Uy (Z Fmt wand yee 59 yeIgEe we at HE EDP 9p 201q [muy ur yeso|d wre-o. fe IVyfoAzep warMYay no ‘aum}Juur o ad aansreoo($), 2 #0 rina om 8) Siise arate cf: RR, rise {eee Funetia F mu este deri 9) 88 se arate ct * nso sof att sint—teosy 2>0, dite primitive pe R. R, Dac F:R— Rar flo primitivs pentru J, ab eso re={ . e>0. Nu exists (0) far ave Forma: 2=0, if pe (0,00) se plead de la fe lnz)eo (2) ae Dack f, en derivata continu, nei astfel ineit f admite primitive, iar g este stink: R=, h= f-y admite primitive , Piaf a) = Flog Py = f-g+ Py! realli f-9 = (Pog) - Pog ‘admite primitive. Dect tide primitive, Si se arate ci f:R—=R, He) = 40, ed har peR, ic problema 11)* fi sora{ Sesame: eth 2<0 eso 20 0 a= ive, g este de doui ori derivabilé © = (fon)J"retultl fog = (op nite prinnitive gi 1, derive IR. Se sie 68 g(x) = o* este devivabilt cu derivata continu iar funetia Sa)= { af Alife Ses ={E Ea! {ot #0 a 2=0, ile pri tive duet ite primit int a dona admite primi 15)" Dac g 2 !~ R este continud gif: — RY admite primitive pe J, atunci te primitive pe I. aa R. Cum F admite primitive pe 1, rezk f(2) este interval din R. Dect f( {20 0) 70) € (Ooo), "Dack Fs Oh ene 8 panto s le hod (©) <0, (¥)2.< 1 sau P(e) > 0, (¥)2 € I. Deci F este strict monotond pe 1 $i prin urmate injectivas Fie Fs 1 — FU), F\(a) = Fla), (W)z € I. Bvident A; este bijectivi. Func jo Fr! P(E) —Reeste continat. ie Ho primitive asa nn Puella Voritcati ci (© PY = fg, ceea ce arati cd f-g are pe Ho F ca priitiva. 16)" Fie f,y = R— R cu proprictatea u(2) = fle +241), (V)e €R. Si ce arate if admite primitive dack gi numai dack g admite primitive, R Pres We R. Fie vem e& f aclmite primitive