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MoEenilpaHe Ha pa3MepHfi cTpyKTypl4 Ha MoHTaxHu
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crno6enara egilHfiua - $r,tr. Vll.1 , 2, 3, 4, 5.

2. B ropHara noJIoBliHa Ha nbpBt4fi nilcT Ha
[lporoxon 7 Aa ce cbcraBil rpa$-Nogen Ha pa3MepHilTe
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3. [a ce il3ebpulr4 fiuafllocrilKa 3a npaBunHocrTa
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or 1 no 15): K0[4T0 ce noflyqaBar M0HTaxHffTe napauerpN ili ea
'1. B
florHara nonoBilHa Ha nbpBtlfl Jlt4cr Ha K0r{KpeTHvrfi BapHaHT.
flporoxor 7 pa ce cKNtlr,4pa onpocTeHa npoeKur4fi Ha 4. [a ce yrorrHsr $yHx4uoHanHilTe pa3Mepfi Ha
getatma, .{ilfrr0 nosilrlr4oHeH H0Mep e n0c0qeH 3a geraftna, KoNT0 ca cbcraBHil gBeHa Ha pagKpllT[4Te
KoHKperHur BapMaHr a ra6n. Vll.1. c6opHm pa3MepHil Bepilrfi.
2. &a ce oilpegeirtT t4 o3Haqar QyHxt-tNoualumre 5, B cruqara Ha gerafrna Aa ce sanilutar
ereMeHTil Ua Aeralrna. SyHxrlrouarHnre pa3Mepm.
3. [a ce pa3Kpr4ffT t4 o3Haqar e rpa$-mogela Ha

25
 $ua. Vtr|.4

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CugupxaNme I'{a ca&aqa \fl!ls (ra6n. Vlll'.1,
BapuaHrn 1 go 15):
1. Bue eropNfi lt4cr ua llporoxol 7 Aa ce cbcTaBer
u 3anr,ruar ycfioBHt4Te ypaBHeHNfl Ha pa3Kpl4TilTe n0
rpaQ-N0Aena pa3MepHfi Bapi4il4
2. Ha ctu.lus Jlt4cr no ycnoBHure ypaaueHun l:
nocrporr cxeMure Ha c6opunre pa3MepHfi Bepilrui'i
ce o3Haqar cbcraBHmTe u xpat,lHoro 3BeH0 Ha l:l:
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28
 uaT Ha cxeMaTa c uen cpaBHfiBaHe c pe3yj'iTaT!4Te 0T
VIII. [/I3tiMfi"fifiBAFIE HA PA3[V!EP["{M BEPIITUI
cneABaqaTa 3aAaqa.
Heo6xo4Nnno e cTygeHTbr npegBapvtTe.nHo Aa ce
nogrorBm or yve6umxa fi fieKlglfiTe, u &a 3Hae 3aBi/- eugunrxarlue Ha sagaqa Vffiln ($r,ir, Vlll.2 n ra6n.
CI,4MOCTfiTE: Vlll.1, napNanrN 1 no 15):
/ 3a peiuagaHe Ha npoBepotlHara SaAaqa Ha 1, Cxemara sa cbu-1r4fi BapilaHT pa3Mepxa Bepilfa
pasMepH[4Te Bepilru; Aa ce sanfiue il BbB BTopl4t Jlt4cr Ha llpororon 8. Ha
d' Ha MeToAa Ha per.naMeHTt{pailara cTeneH l-Ja
T03M Jlt4CT Ce 3anuCBar BCNLIKI4 CfieflBailIll U3qilcJIeHHfl.
TOLIHOCT; 2. ilo gauulrre ea xpautHoTo 3BeH0 Ha Bepilfara B
./ Ha MeroAa Ha e$errltenara creneH Ha To'-lHocr ra6n, Vlll,1 Aa ce onpe[e.nffT HemsnecrHilTe rpaHiluHil
3a pe[uaBaHe Ha npoeKTHaTa 3aAaqa Ha pa3MepHilTe OTKTOHEHI,{fi HA CbOTABHIITE 3BCHA, KATO CE M3NOfl3BAT
Bepilril. 3aB,4cmMocl4Te Ha Meroga Ha eQerrueHara cTeneH Ha
To''.tHocT B nocfl e[oBaTefl Hocrra:
A" f'lP&EEP0,ry{A 7A&A{,A, (N:nunHnua ce Ha nt,tcT a/ onpeAernHe Ha HoMt4HanHa croNuocr il eAHo
I
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6/ ygornelaopffBaHe Ha pageHcrBoTo Ha HoMNHar-
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1 Ro 15): s/ onpeAefifiHe Ha cTaHAaprHt4 [0nycKt4 Ha
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ce 0npe[ensT npeAaBaTefl HuTe 0TH0ueHl,'lfi , gonycKHTe T0rlH0cr;
N CpeEHilTe 0TKjl0HeHilfi Ha cbcTaBHt4Te 3BeHa. r/ npecmrraHe ua eQerrNael.t AonycK na rpatlHora
2. ila ce ilsLrucnfiT nocfle&oBarefiHo H0iviuFtarHara 3BeHC !t BT0p0T0 My fpaHt4tlHo oTKnOHeHMe;
cloilHocr, &onycKbr, cpegHor0 oTKtl0HeHNe il [paHilLl- [/ yroqHneaHe H npecMfiTai-le Ha cpeAHillTe
HilTe oTKIloFleHilfi Ha xpaNuoro 3BeH0 Ha Bep['irara. oTKnoHeuilfi Ha 3BeHaTa {arn. N 3a KopilrmpaLqoro);
e/ NsqNcnneaHe HA fpaHilqHi4Te oTKfl0HeHi4fi Fna

6" fiPAEKfF{A 3A&AryA (u:uNcneuurTa n0 Aeara cbcTaBH[4Te 3BeHa.

MeToEa ce 3anMcBaT cborBeruo ua nnp9tin u Emapun 3. l-lonyueHHTe rpaHMLn-{N 0TKr0HeHNfl [a ce
Aucm Ha fipomoxa,t B) 3anr4uaT Ha cxeMaTa Ha pa3MepHaTa Bepl4la 0T BT0pl4fi
c uefi cpaBHfiBaHe c pe3ynTaTfiTe, 3anilcaHil
Jrr4cT B
Sugupxamue Ha sagaqa VIil6 (Qr,rr. Vill.2 r,'i ra5n. cxeMaTa Ha nbpBfrfi flr4cr Ha liporoNon B.
Vlll,1, eapvraHrN 1 go 15):
1. Cxemara Ha pa3MepHara Bepilra Ha KoHKpeTHtle TadnuuaLrtr!tr.'l
BapnaHT ($Nr. Vlll.2) Aa ce 3ant4u:e B nbpnr4s JtL4cT Ha Bapuanm FC trt 0 eQ n
NL -"1 tl
rpaH
liporcxor B. Ha cuLr-{Nfl Jl4cr ce 3a.nilcBar Bct4ttKtt
cfl eABaur4 143t"l14cfi eHilfi .
1 1q ,4 4 -0,3 IZ n2a max

rlQ n 1A
2. ilo AaAeuilTe HoMt4Haflua croNHocr il rpaHilqHfi 2 35 m

orKnoHeHMfl Ha xpar,ruoro sneuo (ra6n. Vlil.1) ga ce 3 10I +[\ L -nL tl nmln. 18

onpeAefifiT HeilsBecTHr4Te rpaHuqHil 0TKJi0HeHtlfi Ha 4 20 +O2 1l
n21 tnax
cbcTaBHilTe gBeHa, l4sqilcneHllnla Aa ce il3BbpuaT n0
5 IJ nmtfl. 14
3aBl,,lcytMocTilTe Ha MeToAa Ha perfiaMel-{Tl4paHaTa
creneH Ha roqHocT B cneAHaTa nocfieAoBaTerH0cT: 6 12
,i o +f' 2 tz n
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11

a/ yAosnerecpsBaHe Ha pageHcrBoTo Ha H0MUHaJI- 7 5 +lt / {l

tl n6 max

Ultre CrOl,tnOCTl4 Ha SBeHaTa Ha BepilraTa; B -0,8 -"t o n2 max

6/ npecrusraHe fi yTorrHfiBaHe Ha pefnaMeHTmpaHa Y +-1 O +fl ? 1ll

!T n0 mtn
CTCNCH HA TOLIHOCT;
a/ onpeAennHs Ha AonycKure Ha cbcraeHilTe 3BeHa
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(am. lt Ha Kopmr,,rpaqoro sneuo); 11 2A + t,c 'A'2 n mtn

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r/ yrouHneaHe fi npecMffTai-te Ha cpeAHuTe NM lt n9 rO? -1 A 11 n0

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ta n max
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1_3

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CrygeHr: Q-TeT Ns l-p. ilo.qnuc:
Ipenoaaearen: OueHxa /ro.lril/: l-lo4nrc:

33
I{ AOT BTOPA MsnaAxenue Ha gagaqama: i
JIAE0PATCIPHVI 3AfiArilfi 1. lLsmepIaue c wy6nep. liiy6nepl,rre ca yHuBep-
carHm MexaHilqHil ypegu sa a6conorHil lr3MepB?Hr4fl
n0 KoHTaKTHrrfi MeToA. fluar HonlrycHo n0Ka3Baq0
TIASOPATOPHA SAfiAAA NE
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OKAttECTBfl BAHE FIA flETAMJ]UI
Au5oqlrHHr,r r4aMepBaHfifl ,,

lJJySnepnre lruar safr-qecro r4snlepBarereH o6xear: ,.

Qen xa sagaEarfia: 125;150; 200; 300; 500 mm, 14 crofiHocr Ha .

1. [a ce 3an03HaflT cryAeHTMTe c Hat,t-qecro AelieHrreTo: 0.1; 0,05 i,r 0,02 mm. i

cpeu{aHilTe u r43non3BaHil B npaKT[,rKaTa u3MepBaTenHl4 [sycrpaHHr,rNr ury6nep ($r,rr. fl.1.1) e Hara-vecro
14HcTpyMeHTfi 14 ypeAu 3a H3MepBaHe Ha luuettHtl H3n0I3BaHilflT ypefi 3a il3MepBaHe Ha BbHtuH14 l,l
pa3Mepil. BbTpeuHil nruel,rHu pe3M€prit; 0cHoeHilre My qacTil ca:
2. [a ce npuAo6urr 3HaHilfi 14 yMeHilfi npt4 ut3MepBa- a) uanpamnsaqa 1, KoFTo ce cbcrot4 or rr4Hl4r c
He c pa3nilqH'/Te ilHcTpyMeHTt4 qpe3 HenocpeAcTBeHo ToLrHl/r ycnopeAHu noBbpxHl4Hr4, HenoABuxHl4 qenpcrll i
NsBbprilBaHe Ha u3MepBaHeTo. c r43MepBaTenHil noBbpxlil4Hil, nepneHAuKyntpHil Ha
(
3. !a
ce 3aTBbp[nT yMeHt4fiTa 3a pa60Ta cbc nVHvfrTAi Bbpxy ,l14Hl4frTa e HaHeCeHa OCH0BHaTa ,..
nul
craHAapTHr4Te ra6rrqN c ocHoBHt4 AonycKm t4 0cH0BHt4 Mr4Jrr4MeTpOBa CKana;
n.l
0TKn0HeHHfi N 3HaHNRTa 3a Onpe[enflHe Ha rpaHfiqHff 5) nogeltNHa paMKa 2c ..reflfocril u cronopHo Jl, I

oTKnoHeHHfi il rpaHilqHil pa3Mep[,r, et,tHrqe 3:

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4. Ea ce 3arBbpAfiT sa onpeflefitHe Ha
3HaH,,rfiTa e)ycrpor,tcrso 3a MuKpoMerpilr.rHo npeMecrBaHe Ha .
cbBl
roAHocrra Ha [erar,tnnre, nprgo6lrru or na6oparopHo paMKaTa.
ynpaNHenue l. [4rNepearenHuTe noBbpxHr4Hil Ha qen[ocTr4Te ca lia
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Hail.
uy6nep, BbTpe[JeH pa3Mep, XOttrO NOXe [a Ce U3Mepfl, e b.
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3.[a ce 143Mepn 3aAaAeHiler pa3Mep cbc Hmrra Ha ruy6nepa rpn6na ga ce npr,t6aBil pa3Mepbr
cboTBeTHilfl ypeA c ,,rHAilKaTop. b, xomro o6mtHoeeno Nua croftuocr 1 0 mm.
4. [a
ce oKaLtecrBffT Aerar,rnNre no cborBerHilfi HoHr,rycur e AonbnHurelrHa cKana, c Konro ce ,l
pasMep qpe3 cbn0craBfiHe Ha u3MepBaHils pa3Mep c oTr{ilTar gpo6nu qacru or r4HTepBara Ha AefleHueTo Ha

EonycTl4MUTe oTKroHeHNfi 0T H0M]/rHanHUff pa3Mep. ocHoBHara cKafla (o6uxHoeeHo 0,1; 0,05 unu :

5. ce n0nbflFn4 npoToKonbT c nonyqeHmTe

!a 0,02 mm),
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nefattnUre. ca BHMoxHr4 ABa cnyqar ($ur. 11.1.2): :i

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c HyneBoTo AefleHNe Ha HoHl4ycHara cKafla (oilf,
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ilsMepBaTenHa neTa. MNNpoNerupbr ilMa ABe cKanil:
ocH0BHaTa MilrlilMeTpoBa cKana;
nuHeurHa n KpbroBa. JluHet,luara cKalra ce cbcror4 oT
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Ha pa3MepHor0 '{14cfl0 ce oTll|/rra 0T 3HaKa Ha Ha AenehtueTo imm, 3a noxasaneq na nunetrHala
eca cKalra cnyxlt qefloro Ha 6apa6aHa Ha MMKpo-
ocHoBHaTa cKafia, K0t4To e oTflfl80 Ha HyfieB0T0
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3a noxasafleq Ha KpbroBara cKara cnyxr{ HagnbxHara
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K0I4TO OCBeH qeIOCTl4 3a U3MepBaHe Ha BbHtXH14 t4 llisNepaarenHure o6xsaru Ha MilKpoMerpilTe ca B
BbTpeuHu pa3Mepu e cHa6EeH c Ibn60KoMep. rpaHnqilTe or 0 go 2000 mm, KaKTo cflepBa:
fipyrnre pa3HoBr4gHocr!4 Ha ro3r4 ype[ ca BucoKo- 0 - 25 mm; 25 - 50 mm; 50 - 75 mm N r.H. flpe[u na
MepilTe !4 Ebfl 60KoMepilTe, SanoqHe il3MepBaHeTo c MMKpoMeTbpa, ce npoBepfiBa
2. l4smep?aue c MuKpoMembp. B npou3BoncrBeHil ,,HacrpofrKara Ha Hyna". 3a Nuxpomerbp c lpaFiilur
ycJtoB r4fl M t4 KpoM eTpilTe, Mu KpoM erp r4r{Hure gun 6oro- Ha u3MepBaHe 0 u 25 mm HacrpofrKara ce npoBeprBa
Mepn fi BbrpoMepil ca Hail-u3norsBaHfiTe MilKpo- npil AonHpaHe Fia u3MepBareIHuTe noBbpxHr4H[4 Ha
MeTphrlHt4 ypeAu. Te ca yHNeepcanHil MexaHt,tqHfl nerara 14 Ha.BilHTa, a 3a MuKpoMeTpilTe c Apyr o6xeal
ypeAil 3a a6c0nCITHr4 r43MepBaHilr n0 KoHTaKTHLTT MeroA
ce u3noISBaT noflxogfirru4 ycTaHoBbqHN MepKm, c K0[4T0
cuc ctofrHocr Ha AereHvteTo 0,01 mm. Bcnqxu Mt4Kpo-
TE CA OKOMNTCKTOBAHil.
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l4euepaaHero c M14KpoMerbp He ce oTn[4qaBa oT

35

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il3MepBaHer0 c tilyGilep, Kar0 3a yA06crB0 npfi M3Mep-
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qe xenaHoTo [eJIeHi4e Aa cbBnagHe cbc cTperKaTa'
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pa3Mep, flo roeN HaqilH HenocpeAcrBeHo ce npoBe'
c uHguKamlp, ganSaxomep c ulguKamzp, ge6enomep
pfiBa Aanil AeutcrnurenH0T0 My oTKflOHeH[4e e B
c uHguKamlp, cffia*Ka c uHguKarnop. TesN ypegu ca
il0ne.
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TeJiHoTo ftFl4xeH[4e inpeuecrnaHe x] na Haxpat'tirllra
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36

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- o6xeauiaq - ma6upar ce Bcmr{K[,r 06exrvl, Nol,tto
ca l43qflno BbTpe B npo3opella. 3agaea ce qpe3 yKa3Ba-
He c filNtiiKaTa Ha EBa A!,taroHanH0 pa3nofioxeHr4 brb-
Iia, nbpBr4flT 0T K0l4T0 e BrflBo 0T BTop[4fi;
- npecilqaq - ms6upar ce Bc!,rtrKr4 06eNnt, K0l4'i"0
 f
,'

Kar0 npuTerarenHu ueHTp0Be 3a Kypcopa il n03uL[140H14-

npecilqar uJlt/ tl3qfno ce 06x8aljlal 0T np03opella' 3a-
Ttx' Tosm pexuN Ha n03il-
i llper
AaBa ce n0 aHan0filL{eH HaqilH Karo nbpBt4fr
bfbJl e paHeTo ce u3BbptllBa B ; nogr
qrdor-ti,{paHe e il3necreH Karo ,,06eKTn0 npllebpsBal'le" nz6t
B[fcH0 0T BTopt4fi.
6) 6es Aa e craprilPaHa KoMaHAa. (0bject Snap). MEH(

B rosla cnyuar,r nbpBo ce l,ts5upar o6errure, cleg flocrunHu ca cfleAHilTe PexuMl4: li

, Plx
euPL
pex[4M
KoeTo ce onpeAenff [eNcre]ae c rnx' flpn T03,{ Endpoint - npilBbpsBa ruu xpafrHa roqKa Ha
Ha pa6ora BcfiKo HarilcKaHe Ha nne Syrou Ha l"'ll4tjlKara
oTceqKa ufit4 Abfa;
B npa3Ho pa6orHo none oTBaptHe Ha np030peq
B0Al4 A0 Trac
nocotlBaHero Ha o6exr eogil ,
Vij lyliilpsinf - cpegua roqKa Ha oTceqKa ufin Abra;
t oT[
sa fis6op. AHarorN,{Ho,
A0 MapKnpaHero My KaTo MaHtlnynltpyeN o5err' Aro 'iii*rr, -
',rl T|aC
lntersecfion npeceuHa roqKa ua o6erru;
n0 HeBHuMaHile e 3anoLlHar TaKbB HexeJIaH us6op, rot,t ui6tr

Moxe Aa ce npeKparil qpe3 KnaBulx Esc.3a cKpilBaHe fffil{ center - qenTbp Ha oKpbxHocr ilnil Abra; ; ri,, I

;l
Ha MapKepfiTe - orHoso Fsc. nal
"
i,ir,,,.; Extension - npoAtnxeHue Ha oTceqKa nflN
l.:

5) ttpexuc\aHe Ha npaqegypa' l|snanHeH,4ero Ha ' "r':1..i

sanoqHaTa KoMaHAa NnN Ns6op ua o6exrm ce npeKbcBa Abra; uec

qpe3 MaBhua Esc. -trangenf KbM oKpbx- OSN
"rt! - roqxa or lonilparellHa a

H0cT NJlt4 Abra, nocTp0eHa 0T n0cneEHaTa cfl0l

4, Eene$nw @ynxtluu Ha ftPaePaMHama oueIneMa ,.
n0c0qeHa ToqKa; r
sa e*sga&awe Ha LIePrn$K
1) 3anoqsaue Ha H0B Lleprex
ToxHuTe napaMeTpn,
N uacrpot,tra Ha qep-
i:i, Perpendicular -pa,
npeceqHa roqKa Ha o6erra
oT nocreIHaTa
ut 0Tr
Qpa
nepneH8ilKyflff cnycHaT
one- XEFI
- Ctaprupa ce AutoCAD 0T ocHonHl4fl eKpaH Ha floc0qeHa ToqKa;
qep- eAill
paqiloHHara cilcreMa (Desktop)' 3anoqea ce HoB t,: . ^
Snap From - BpeMeHHa roqKa, cnpfiM0 KoflTo MOC
reN (ffew), 6aempaH Ha npeABapNTeJtHo cb3AaAeH ,.".1,,i,i".
i :r.
qpe3 oTHoct4TenHN KOOpAilHaTM Ce OnpeAellflT finl/l
ua6noH (TemPlate);
geproxHure eEt,tHl,tqu - Koopg[4Haru, pa3croflH!4fl 14
cneABau-lt/l Tot{Kl4;
,il4H1

cjlo{
bmH, ce Hacrpoftear 0T AilanoroBa paMKa Units at TemporaryTracking Point - ToqKa oTH0cuTeflHa crp)
meuw Formaf, 0npegelnr ce BilAbT 14 Tot{HocTTa ilM'
cnptMo [pyra ToqKa B nocoKa onpeAejleHa
lpaHilLlure ua qeprexa ce ycTaHoBflBar c KoMaHAa
)
0T noJlfpeH b[bJI. AfiA
DrAwing Limits at menw Formaf. 3aAasar ce K00pAl4-
qeprexa AutoT rack (asroruaru,lHo n pocn eAff BaHe c BpeMeH- cntl
HaTilTe Ha aoj]Ht4fi nffB [4 ropHl4fl AeceH brb.fi Ha i:
qpe3 BbBe)qaHe Ha ql,lcrleH['l cromuocrN 0T KnaBilaTy- Hu nuul,t) e ycbBbpueHcrBaH MexaH,43bM 3a ynecHeHile pt4c'

paTa Mnu Ltpe3 n0cotlBaHe Bbpxy eKpaHa c MfiuKaTa' Ha nosilLlt40HilpaHeTo qpe3 cb3AaBaHe Ha BpeMeHHil HA II

2) CnorvrararenHl4 cpeAcrBa 3a no3t4ul4oHupaHe

,lbril4, KOI4T0 Ce BU3yaflu3ilpar Bbpxy eKpaHa u AAB

Hacrpoftrara [4M e fiocrbnHa 0T AuaroroBa paMKa nofinoMafar cb3AaBaHero ua o6erru. Axruaupa ce npt,l qec
crapTmpaHe Ha onepauut, l43l4cKBaua nocoeBaHero T0 li
Drafting Settings or MeHftl Tools'
Ha ToqKa (Hanp. xoNaHAa 3a cb3paBaHe Ha o6exr unu IIt4
Snap e pexuM, npu xotlro ABuxeHl4ero Ha Kypcopa
pegaKTilpaHe -
copy, move). Pa6oru B ABa pexnMa - 0bjr
ce 143BbptllBa n0 HeBuAl4Ma K00pAl4Ha'iHa Mpexa c
Polar Tracking vt 1biect Snap Tracking' Ha(
npeABapilTenHo 3aAaAeH[4 crbnKil n0 0cl4 x w y' Toaa
Potar Tracking e pexilM, t<oilro nossoJlnBa ABil-
n03BonffBa aBToMarilqHo npffBbp3BaHe Ha ToqKfi 0T
xeH,4e Ha Kypcopa Ha npeABapilTenHo 3aAaAeHu bfjll4'
o6exra KbM Bb3rlln oT MPexaTa'
Grid e peNuvt Ha i43n0r3BaHe Ha BMAl4Ma K00pAl4"
Hacrpottrara BKnoqBa: BbBexAaHe Ha brbr Ha Ha-
pacrBaHe; r,ro6op Ha MeroA Ha oTqMTaHe Ha n0nflpHilTe I
HaTHa Mpexa, K0tr0 noEnoMara norpe6urenn npll
qepraHe, 6es Aa Quxcllpa crbnKara Ha Kypcopa' brflil - cnptMo HaqanoTo Ha reKyuaTa KoopAuHarHa o6e

flpN uspa6orBaHe Ha Lleprex MH0r0 qecro ce Hara-

cilcreMa (absolute) vnv cnpflM0 n0cfleAHara Hef(
BbBeAeHa orceqKa (relative); sKfloqsaHe/u3KnHlqBaHe pflB
ra Aa ce cBbpxar 4ea rpa$NuHu o6exra s cnequQnvuut
caMo Ha oproroHaneH pexuM (}rtho), npll t<ovtro o6p
T0qKH, Kot4To npeAcTaBrlfiBar TexHu reoMeTpilqHH Xa-
paKTepucTHKl4 KaTo: xpattuvt TOqKfi, UeHTpOBe Ha Abril ABUXeHileTo Ha Kypcopa e x0pl430HTaflH0 u BepTl'lKaIHo' I

Abject Snap Tracking pa6orr.l c pexilM 2biectSnap.

14 oKpbxHocTt/, ,q0n[4pHt{ To.lKl4 l4 gp. Hapnuar ce
U DJI

ua o6erra. 3a peuasaHe ua flpu geuNeHue Ha Kypcopa B xapaKTepncrl4LlHilTe roLlKN pt4c

xapaKTepilcT[4t]Hm ToqKil
Ha o6exr ce Bn3yann3upar MapKepn na }biect Snap' o6e
rosl,t npoSreM xapaKTepucrl4tlHilTe roqKil ce npL{eMaT
I

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t40H14-
npeMecTBaHero Ha Kypc0pa tsbpxy.MapKep B0Al4 !'c vpes Ns6op Ha xeraH cnom,or naAaufit cnucaw, Layer
103[4-
rl,otA}arl Ha MaflbK xpucr (+), Kot'{ro e ilHAfiKaTop 3a Ha reHTa 2bject Properties.
]aHe" r4s5op Ha BpeMeHHa roqKa, 0T K0RT0 ranouna (npe- 4) Cu:panaHe ua o6exrt,r
rvielreH) ntu. OrcrpaHfiEaHero Ha MariKl4fi Kpbcr ce il3- llo-eaxHure KoMaHAu 3a cbspaBaHe Ha rpaQl'l'lHN

BbpuJBa npil n0BT0pH0 npfiABlllXBaHe Ha Kypcopa Bbpxy o6exnr ca cnegHffTe:

"*:ti ..
KA HA ToqKara 6es Aa ce Har[4cKa 5PoH. Arrueupa ce 0T l\neHo Draw.llaupoaaa
,. PaeruKara Mexgy Polar Tracking vr Abiect Snap ;,l,,.1line
n0cneAoBaTeJiHocr 0T oTceqKil, BctKa 0T K0l/T0 3anoqBa
Tracking e, qe Polar Tracking cb3gaBa BpeMeH!-lln Jlbt{N
0T Kpaf Ha npeExogHaTa.
| [bra; 0T n0cfie[Hara ue6paHa r0qKa, a Abiect Snap
Tracking - 0T noTeHqilaJiHa roqKa Ha npmBbp3BaHe, Sopnar Ha KoMaHAaTa:
Tl,!;
uslpana c )biectSna7. Specify first point: BueexAa ce roLtKa ,'tllff 3a
l-facrpolrrara ua AutoTrack ce Nenupu.:aa or Draft' npoAbflxeHue or nocrieAHara HaqepraHa oTceqKa (ilnil
o,
ing ua &uanoroBa paMKa 2ptians e NeHo lools,
gura) ce HaTilcKa KnaBNUr Snter (geceH 6yroH Ha
A VNII.
AxrneNpauero Ha us6poeHmre pexnMv! ce ocb- nnu'Luxara).

ujecrgfiBa or 6yroHu SNAP, GRID, 0RTH0, P0LAR, Specify next point ar lclose/Undoj: 0npegern ce
OSNAP, 0TRACK B iloneTo Ha cbcToflHt4eTo. cneABaqa roLrKa ilnM ce npaBil us6op U- sa ugrpttBaHe
Kpbx-
3) CrpyxrypNpaHe Ha uH$opNaqvinra B tleprexa B Ha nocne&Ht,tfl BbBeAeH yqacTbK 6ee [a ce u3nt{3a 0T
AHaTa
cfl0eBe KoMaHAaTa; C - ceupsea nocJrefiHr4fi cbgAaflen cefMeHT
Cnoeeere Mofar Ea ce pasrne4ar KaTo fltlcroBe KbM HaqafioTo Ha nbpBara oTceqKa, c Koero ce o6paay-
3KTa !t 0T npo3paqHo $o"tu,to, B KovlTo ce HaMt4par oTnenHil Ba 3aTBOpeH KoHTyp 0T oTCeLrKr4.
qeprexa, Karo qfinocrnoro Neo6pa- B pexmu Aftho morat Ea ce qepraffT caMo nepneH-
AHaTa QparNeHrN 0T
xeHile ce Qoprvrupa cJleg Hacrarnane Ha cJioeneTe Al4KynflpHil Ha ocil x, y oTceqK[4.

eflfiH Ebpxy gpyr, Bcer<N cnott ce Ngenru$r'ttltlpa ca- ilnexparxnauero Ha l,tanbfiHeH[4eTo N-ta KofttaugaTa
KOfTO MocTofiTejrH0 qpe3 MMe il Moxe Aa ce Bfi3yan,43upa ce fi3BbpuBa c KflaBuu Enter,Aecen 6yroH Ha MfiuKaTa

)AenflT firil norilcKa, 06exrure ce n:o6pasnBar B qBfiT, '{pe3 l4nil KnaeNUl Fsc,
Jil,{Hilfl 0T 0npeAefieH Bt4A il ce BKrloqBaT B noAx0AflLtli4 arc (or meHn Draw). Veprae Abra 0T oKpbx-
.{..
cnoeBe. Bcerur ueprex Moxe Aa np[4TexaBa co6creeHa
4TenHa HocT rjpe3 SaflaBaHe Ha eAt4H 0T cne[HNTe BapNaHTil:
cTpyKTypa N xoHQlarypaur4fi Ha cxoeBere,
leneHa VnpaeneHmero Ha cfloeBere ce ocbll-lecTBfiBa Ltpe3
- 3 roqxur
- Haqaflo, UeHTbp, Xpatt Ha gUra
AuanoroBa pamxa Layer or MeH'o Farmat. Tlseex(qa ce
)eMeH-
:

cn!,rcbK Ha cnoeBere B qeprexa 3aenH0 c xapaKTe- - Haqan0, ueHTbp, brbl Ha Abfa

;HeHi4e
I
pr4cTllKilTe ilM: ilMe, qBtr, Tun Ha nu'H'ffifrTa, AeSelmua
- Haqaflo, qeHTbp, AbnxfiHa Ha xopAa
!
MCHHM
flocrsnHu ca AeNcretag n0 cb3-
Ha.nilHr4flTa, cbcToflH,4e,
- Haqaro, rpat/l, lrul Ha Abra
aHa fi AaBaHe Ha HoB, l43TpUBaHe l,l peEaKTilpaHe Ha cb-
- HaqaJIo, xpar,|, nocoxa
ce npil ulecTByBaul crol,r, llpeet<tloqBaHero Ha croeBeTe, KaK-
- Haqafio, KpaN, paAuyc
iaHero T0 u npoMffHa B cbcTotHl4eTo fiM, Moxe Ea ce il3Bbp-
- qeHTbp, Hatraflo, xpar.r Ha gura
KT 14rit4 uM or naAaq cnr4cbK Layer ot neHTa c ilHcrpyMeHTu
- qeHTbp, HaLtano, brbtl
KilMA - )bject Properties (caoilwaa ua o5eKrN). Cucronnviero
- '.j3ilT.op, HaLlaJi0, RbnXilHa Ha XOpAa
Ha elfiH cror,t NoNe Aa 6r[e:
- cBbp3BaHe c npexoAHa oTceqKa !{nil Abra
A ABil. nx.nroqeH/NsKnnqeH (0n/Off) ; 0opruar:
4 bfnil, Specify staft point of arc or fCEntefi: 3aAasa ce
oaNpaseH/pa3ToneH (Freeze/Thaw) ;

ra Ha- roqKa, BbBexAa ce CE (tleHTbp) l4ril ce nalvtcxa Enter

sa6paHeH/pa3peueH (Lock/Unlock).
EpHUTe 3aupatneaHero M t43KnoqBaHero Ha clotl npaBu 3a qepraHe Ha Abra, fionilpareflHa KbM nocfleAHara
4HATHA BbBeEeHa oTceLrKa unN Ebfa;
o6errNre B Hero HeBilAMM14. 3arupareuure croeBe B

AHATA Hefo He ce npeqepraBaT il peieHepMpaT, K0er0 ycK0- Specify second point of arc ar lCEnter/ENdj3a'
lqBaHe pRBa eKpaHHilTe onepauilu. l/emnqeunTe croeBe ce AaBa ce BTopa roqKa 0T Abrara unvt CE (4eHrup) l,utN
rovtro o6pa6orear. FtV (xpar,t);
;KAJIHO. Specify end point of arc: 0npepern ce Tpera roqKa
Koraro eAHH crora e mt6paH 3a reKyul, BctlLtKt4 HoBo-
;tSnap. cb3EaAenil o6errm npfiTexaBar HeioB!4Te xapaKTe- 0T lbrara.
) TOqKM
I Snap.
pl4cTr4KN - qBFT, rltn ll ge6er[4Ha Ha fiLtltfrra. M:6paH
fr circle $rcnw Draw), flocrponea oKpbxHocr no
o6err uoNe Ea 6uAe npexBbpneH 0T eEuH clott a gnyr eAr4H 0T CJteEFtNTe BapilaHTU:

41

i
l

i
t;
.,t ,
-!*l,:lir-
 .gr*tr,
I
'

- qeHTbp, paEilyc
- qeHTbp, AuatdeTbp
BaHe BbB Bpbx, fl0fiyqeH 0T npecfiqaHe Ha ABe Heycn0-
peAHil nilHilt4. [ipm uenrnHeHue Ha KoMaHAara e Heo6- $*-
- [Be TOqKil xo&fiMo nbpB0 &a ce 3aAaAaT napaMeTpilTe Ha cKocfi-
- Tpt4 TorlKl4 BaHeTo! CfleA K0eT0 !a ce nocor{aT nt4Fil4ilTe, K0ylTo ce K0nfi
- EBe EonilpaTerHr4 KbM gBe oKpbxHocTr4 il paEfiyc npecmLraT BbB Bbpxa, iloffexau Ha cKocffBaHe.
d
Y

(Tan, Tan, Raciius) 0opmar.

- Tp,4
AonrpareflHil Kbr\4 Tpr4 oKpbxHocn4 (Tan, Tan, Current chamfer Distl = eurrent, Disz = current: Ente'
q
Tan) Guo6tLleuNe 3a reKyulr4 pa3cToflHtitfi Ha cxocseaHe 0/sf1
0opNar: v Dis2. or,lot
r,Q
Specify center point for circle or ISP/ZP/T\r (tan Select first line ar fPolyline/Distance/Angle
tan radius)l:3aflaaa ce ToLtKa [4.uil ce BbBe]qa BapilaHT /Trim/MethodJ: noco.lna ce ToqKa oT nbpBara ru- TOVKi

3a npoAbflxeHile; HVfl unv ce Ns6wpa oT BbaMoxHocrilTe: ' v

n

Specify radius of circle or lDiametefli onpegenn Distance - ycraHoBfiBar ce pagcToffHt4fl Ha cKocfl- ceY
ce TorlKa, BbBex<Aa ce cror,tnocr u.lm d. BAHe enpfiMo npeoeqHaTa ToqKa; l/'nlyl

1 '':i:i Angle - gagana 0e cKCIcffBaHe n0 pascToaHue M bftn

':#irectangle (uellru Draw). flocrponoa npa^
0T nbpBaTa n000qeHa flNHiln;
BobrbnH,4K n0 gBa cpeu.ryn0n0xHt4 Bbpxa Ha At4aroHaJla (6not
Ny. [lpanouruJtH14KbT e cbc crpaHil, ycn0peAHyt t{a
fflm' ersNoxHocr sa t43TpNBaHe Ha cKoceHilTe
qacTil 0T gBeTe JrHHrlN t4flN 3ana3Bar.ieTo ktM; HETO
KoopANHaTHLrTe 0Cil. n03B
Meihod - ycTaHoBfiBa. Meroga Ha cKocFBaHe - ABe
0opuar: pascT0ffHilfi HnM pa3cTofiHile H brb.fl. np0!l
Specify first carner paint ar lChamfer/Elevation/Fil- cbAb
Seleet secand line: nocoqra ce To',iKa 0T Bropara
let/Thickness/Width]: 3agasa ce T0L{Ka mnr4 ee o6Ho
nll'fitAfl.
BbBexAa BapMaHT 3a npoAbnxeHt4e;
"*:: ,',, ,
fy).
6nor
Specify other corner point: Sagasa ce ilpyra rouKa. ..f,,,..".t, t I I I et'ltreuw iVl o d i il o crp on n a a aKpbrfl e H il e (aTpl,
- Chamfer - qeprae ce npaeobrbrnr4K cbc cKoceH[4 Bbs Bbpxore. C raeil KoMaii&a Moxe &a ce FtaqepTae il38e,
Bbpx0Be; fitia, CBbp3Baqa oTCeqKN, 0l(pbXHOCTl4 t4jlil,qblil, KCff- MEXA
- Fillet - qeprae ce npaBobrbnHilK cbc 3aKpbr- T0 e Aonl4parefiHa eAHoBpeMeHHo Ha ABaTa ue6paur;l apu
,reHil BbpxoBe. o6effia. flrpeo ce sagana pa4ilycbr Ha caKpbt-reHile, efieM
: :i-l
,,hl palygon (ueHn Draw). flocrponea npaBilneFl cne& KoeTo ce nocoqgar o6extt,tre. u3n0
$opNar: qene
MHorobrbJlHr4r< c 6por,l cTpauil oi 3 lo 1024.
Current seltings: Made = current, Radius = tur- Q.ar,lr
Qopnrar:
renf. Cuo6uieH!{e 3a TeKyr{a uacrpor,txa, Jdl ldi
Enter number of sides <current>: BuseNna ce
crolrHocr Mex1qy 3 u 1A24 r4.Jl!4 ce Hari4cKa Enter sa
Seleet first abject or fPatyline/Radius/Triml'. HA CI
n0c0r4Ba ce o6enr Mn!i.ce us6Npa BffiuroxHocT: e Hyr
noTBbpxgeHr4e Ha reKyulun 6por,t crpaHfi Ha MFio-
fradius -
sagana ce pagr4yc Ha saKpbffieHile; cjl0t4!
robrbIHtitKa.
Trim - wxp,ana u.nil 3afiasBa oTpfl3aHfiTe npt,t 3aK- clt014,
Specify center of palygon ar fEdge] Onpe4ern ce
:

pbrfieHt4ero yqacTbut4. ;iririri

qeHTbpbT Ha MH0robrbnH[4Ka t4Jtyl e 3a pa3Mep Ha cTpa- I *lt

Select second object: nocoqBa ce BTopMffT 06eKT, ,, [i:,
HaTa My, 3aEaEeHa c ABe ToqKil, '-t ::,
Mat-tIi
Enter an option llnscribed in circle/ Circumscribed . 1i copy (raenn Madify). Konmpa egHoKparHo
:':16I Nrit4
r0Ba
abaut circlel <current>: BuoeNga ce: i (snrcaH n MH0roKpaTH0 us6pann o6erru 6ee Aa np0MeHr pasme- Aenr
oKpbxHocr MHorobrbrHr4x), c (onucaH 0K010 oKpbx- BNTe U 0pNeHTauMfiTa fiM, ,BMbKl
HocT MHorobruluux) unn Enter ga noTBbpxgeHue Ha Sopuar: AEHil
TeKy[qr4ff us6op. Select objects: nedNpar ce o6exrur M ce HarilcKa r,rso61
Specify radius of circle: 3aAaBa ce ToqKa firfi ce Enter. 14 0n
BbBex[a crot/,lHocr. Specify base point
cf displacement, or lVtultiplel: Units)
llocoqeaHero Ha ToqKa c
MnuKaTa onpegenfi 3a- nocoqBa ce 6aaoaa roqKa ilnil m ga MH0r0K0arH0 Dgsig
.
BbpTaHe Ha MHofobrblFtuKa, A0KaT0 BbBeMaHeTo Ha K0nt4paHe; ,::.1,
AL
crol/lHocr 3a paAHyca cb3[aBa MH0robrbrHMK cbc cTpa- Specify second point of displacemenf; nocoqea ce cbAbr
Ha ycnope[Ha Ha K00pAt4HaTHilTe oCH, ToLrKa, B KofiTo ce Konrlpa o6exrur. Tbpce
..': Multiple - MHofoKparHo KonupaHe, npil Koero ce o6exr
'{,:, chamfer (meun Madify). llocrporra cKocr-
+t
 W't'

$
{:"

]E

pfftsa Eb3MoxFrocT 3a BMbKBaHeTo ilM B TeKyUMfl qep"

cn0-
$ nocoqBaT TotlKt4, B K0t1T0 Ce KonMpa o6exTur.
eo6- ;.'-i rex. flpn npeiliexgaHe Ha 6noNose c Design Center
,i' illilJ mirror (rr,reurc Madify). Ctsgasa oile4aflH0
00fi- i Kofl!{e Ha o6eKTfi cnpfiMo ,'l36paHa oc.
ce Bil3yaflil3Npa Nso6paxeHmero Ha 6noxa (lcon),
HeroB0To 0nucaHile (Description), a npil BMbKBaHe B
0ce i:
,l,i QopNar: flpyr qepTex ce i43BbpuBa npeNaula6mpaHe cnope&
n
Select objects: nocoqtsaT ce o5eKTt{ il ce HarNcKa 3a[ageHMTe qepTOXH14 eAilHlIqlil B TeKyu.lmfi qepTex.
$
? Enter. Design Center e [ocTbneH or NeHCI lools.
Tent:
f: Specify first point of mirror line: sagaaa ce roqKa Vcmauo9n1aue ua ampu1ymu ua 6nox, flseupu:na
?'sfl
$ or ocTa Ha cl{Merpufi; ce B Ai4anoroBa paMKa Attribute Deflnition, aKTilBfipaHa
3 Specify second point of mirror line:3agaBa ce BT0pa c KoMaHAa Define Attributes 0T noEMeHn Block na
I
'fa ToqKa oT ocra Ha cl{MeTpfifi;
Draw. BueexgaT ce: eTfiKer (Tag); nogceqaHe
r Ilt4-
F Delete slurce obiect? lYes/NoJ <A/o>: BteexAa (Prompt); TeKyuia ctoilHoct (Value). 3a4aear ce napa-
t ce Y (sa ilsrpilBaHe Ha op!4fuHa.na), N (5es vi3TpilBaHe)
0cfi- !,t
MeTpmTe na rupn$ra: cT[4n, nofipaBnfiBaHe, Bucoqt,tHa,
l ufiv Enter.
5) lpynupane Ha 06eKTn B cbcTaneil 06eKT
0pfieHTal.lr{fr. 0npeEens ce 6asosa ToLlKa, B KofiTo ce
bt-bJ] I usaexfia arpu6ymr. Vcranosnea ce pexilM: HeBfiAt4M
ii CucracHrrrt 06eKT, Hapeqeil e AutoCAD block (invisible); nocronHeH (constant); a nposepKa (verify);
(6nor), ce o6pa6orna Karo eftuu s6exr. 06eANHnea- no nogpas6ilpaHe (preset),
t-tgro Ha o6errl4 r 6fl0K, ugeHfi,r$urluFaHil Llpe3 l1iMe,
fiCI3B0jifiBA MHOrOKpaTHo BMbKBAI-te B qepTexfiTe .B ffii Buar7aue ua 6tox. lrlsnunnRsa ce KoMaHAa
,qBe
nBou3eoreH NauJa6 u saebpraue. Bcnxa npoMfiHa Ha Staii' or rueHru lnsed, Ornapn ce Ailar0r0Ba pamKa
ctAbpxaHiler0 Ha 6,qoxa EoEN A0 aBT0r\4aTNqH0 lnsert Elock Bueexna ce ilMe ua 6ti0K, yKasga ce
paTa
o6xognaage Ha BcilqKfi HeroBt,t Kcnilfi B uspreNa. Kun T0L{Ka Fia B}/rbKBaHe, gaAaga ce il4aqa6 [4 brbn Ha gagbp-
6noxa ivroxe Aa ce npt4nbpxe reKcroBa uu$opntaqNn raHe. 3a Blr,it'KnaHe ua 6rcr 0T qepToxeH $altn ce
EHNC (arpm6ynr), iloAI-oTBeHa or norpe6mrent, KofiTo ce BbBexqa uMeTo Ha $ama, ilpegocraseua e Bb3Mox-
prae u3BexAa Bbpxy qeprexa npt,l BMbKBat-ie Ha 6noxa. Hocr 3a pa3naAaHe Ha 6noxa.
K0fl- MexaHnsillrr Ha rpynmpaue Ha c6errt,l ce npfinaia il
paHil npu pae pa60TBaHe ua 6u6:tnoreKu 0T ci4mtsoJlt,l l,'?
d':
r::,it, ri .'j
flpt,t ueo6xoAl,rruocr 6noxoaere rnorar &a ce

)HLIe, eneMeHTr4, ,43no.n3BaHu B ttspTexmTe, 3a NHoroNparHo pa3qneHfiT F{a cbcraBfruvfie rm o6errm. CraprNpa ce
uBnofi3BaHe Ha 6ngKoseTe B pag.nt4ltHt4 qeptexfi e KoMaHAa Explode or MeHo Modify.
Uerecro6pagHo sanilcBaHero t,tili Karo LteproxHtl 6) $yHxl.{uil 3a pegaKTt{paHe Ha rpaQuuHtrt o6exrn

cur- $ar,,rnone. [ipN nNureaHe E

qeprexa oSerriare e 6noKa a) {}parnnua Ha xaBaKrnzpucrnuKume ua o6exmu,
3anaggar caoi,tcrsara L{gfiT, T[4ir t,t Ee6e"ill4ua Ha fiilHiltTa ftua"noloaara paMKa Properties (ue uNraa ce c KoMaHAa
,irnj'. Ha c.rtofi, s Kotiro ca cb3AaAeHfi, hi0ra.To roeN cnolt ue Praperties 0T MeHHI Madi{y) il3nexAa
e HyneBHfiT (Layer 0). Axo ca cbsga4eHt'i B HyneBi4R xapaKTepilcrmKvtTe Ha egvtn ilnil HffKoJtKo No6paum
cnol{, re npugc6nnar xapaKTepucT[,4Kfite Ha reKyflil4fi o6exra. fiocrunur A0 xapaKTepuclitKa na o6err ce
3aK- cnofr, e xor,rro e BMbKHar 6noNa, ocbuecTBffBa qpeS n03t4ut40H[4paHe Ha Kypc0pa B

l.!
:..' , cboTBeTHoTo none 0T cnr4cbKa llt lte6op c nne SyroH Ha
i;8;\ Ct sga1aHe Ha 1noN. llpn craprmpaHe Ha Ko-
6exr. ,,:,.-..,;i
Mr{uKaT?, cleE K0er0 ce BbBexqa Hoaa crolluocr. Ko-
nwnga Make ar Block Ha Meiln Draw ce oTgapfi &ilano- raTo ca vrs5panm HffKonKo 06eifia, a Properties ce u3-
! t4fikl
IoBa paMKa Block Definition. Brse)Kra ce ltMe; 0npe- Bex(qar camo o6umre [4M xapaKTepilerfiKu. 0r nafiauun
3Me- [eJ]R ce 6aeosa ToqKa 3a opueHTar{ilfi Ha 6.noxa npN cnficbK B ropHaTa qacT Ha &NaJI0f0BaTa paMKa, cbAbp-
BMuKBaHe B !ieprexa; us6t,tpar ce o6err,N. [lpegnu- xatri runa xa ur6panNre 06exru, Moxe ga ce HanBaBt4
[euil ca Bbgturoxnocril 3a cb34anaHe Ha rpaQuvuo uo6op Ha KoHKpeTeH 06eKT fi Ea ce peAaKTNpar xapaKTe-
ncKa ttso6paxenue (Preview lcon), onucaHne (Description) pr4cr[,1KilTe My.
14 onpefiensHe Ha eAilHNrlil Ea Maua6npaue (lnsert 6) P e g a xm u p aH e q p ffi M ar.! u nyAa m 0 !Ju. M aut,t nyn a-
'iptel: Units) npll BrvtbKsane Ha 6noxa B Apyr qeprex qpe3 TopNTe ca I\naIiKr4 KBaApaTLleTa, Kol4To ce Bl43yaflfi3ilpaT
ATHO Design Center. B 0ripe&eneHu ToqKr/ ol oSeNra cfieA HeroB[4n Ne6op.
, AutoCAD Design Center cryxo,{ sa ynpaBnenile Ha HeaKrileHure MaH,4nynaropu ce u:o6pa3ffBar qpe3
ia ce cbAbpxaHilero Ha LteprexfiTe qpe3 mHcTpyMeHTfi 3a KoHTyprnre Ha KBagparqerara. 14sSrnpaHero Ha MaHt4ny-
TbpceHe, HaMi4paHe, nperflexnaHe Ha 6-rioxoee N &pyril rrarop r0 npaBil aKTNBeH, T,e. tofr Moxe Aa ce npeMecr-
oce 06eKnt, cb3gafieHil B pa:fiilr{Hr4 qeprexu, Karo oct{ry- sa. ANTNeHN*T MaHunyraTop ce N:o6pasflBa upe3 3a-
 $il',,,
:f,
i, ,l

i
nbnHeHo c onpefieneH uBffT KBaAparqe' 3a Aa ce aKTfi-
BNpa pexilM Ha pe[aKT,4paHe c MaF{l4nyflaTopil, 06eK-
',,ffi sfrefch, Pagrnra o6em upes npeMecTBai-le Fla i,,
i'
qacr 0T Herc. 06ei<rtcre ce us6ttpar B npecur4aq np030-
TilTe ce nocoqBar 6es npennapfiTenH0 ga e cTapTmpaHa perJ, IlpenecrnaT 0e rouKMTe o6xaauarN B npo3opeqa, In,
K0MaHga. B onpe&eneHN T0LlKl4 or o6errure (Hat't-'lecto Te3t4 M3Bbll lierO OCTaBaT HenpoMeHeHL4. ,t
'i; 'rt
ToBa ca TOLlKilTe Ha npilBbp3Baue) ce usoSpasnnar (iopft,qar:
tt

MaHilnyraropmre. Vle6mpa ce aKTNBeH MaHunynarop,

lt; ie
Nottro cnyxm sa 6asoaa ToqKa ilpil cfleAHfiTe pexMMN
Select obiects: illa5Npar ce o6erru E npecMqaq
np030peq. 3a r<palt na Nr6opa - Enter.
,i oI

Ha peAaKTr4pane: Stretch (paerernnHe), Mave {npe- Specify base paint of displacemenf nocoqsa ce 'jf fl(
Necrsaue), Batate (sanupraHe), Scale (Narga6NpaHe)
n Mircor (omeAarHo ronupane). llsSopur Ha xeflaHl4fi
6aeosa roLtKa, cnptrilo KofiTo ee [43nuJ]Finga paSTn- l"
iru
faHeTO.
pexfiM ce ocbqecTBffBa 0T K0HTeKCTHo MeHn, rulaBMlrl ,..:, N,
Specity second paint of displacemenf nocoqea ce
3a ilHTepBal lu ,nv Enter. f: 0:
ToqKa, KofiTo onpeAe.nff pa3Tr{raHero,
3a npexparngaHe Ha pexfiMa Ha peAaKT[4paHe c .-':
-'l extend. ilpogan>xana JIMHI4N E0 npecffqaHe c
irt
MaHilnyIlaroptd - KnaBilu fsc, 3a 0TKa3 0T us6op Ha in'
o6exr n npeMaxBaHe Ha MaHfinynaTopilTe " ABa nbrtl
Esc.
$pyrr,r nNnNm [4nN TfiXl-iOT0 npOAbflXeHl4e.
CIopNar:
i. ,

e) [lpor'tnua Ha naAnteHueml Ha a6exmu' Select baundary edges ... ipt

; ^
',4*i
:..1
move (or ueun Madity). fipeuecrna egr4H t4JI14
Setect abiects: l4a6mpar ce rpaHmqHt4re nltut,tu. 3a !H'
npeKparfiBaHe Ha Ns6opa - Enter. 'i

Select abiects ta extend: [loco']ear ce fiuHlllnTe,

HflKOJ]KO ObEKTA,

Qoprr,rar: rot,,tro rpn6na &a 6uAar npofibfixeHl4,

:ru
Select obiects: flocoqear ce o6eNru' 3a rpaN Ha ;ct
vzlopa Enter.
trim" l4spasnna o6emm B rpaHil4mTe, onpefie- ,: lVtt

Specify base paint of displacemenf 0npegenn

6agosa roqKa.
ce
=t""'
.neHi4 oT
0opruar:
Apyim o6errN, i.,
int
Specify second point of displacemenf 3apaea ce Select cutting edges: [locon{sar ce il]aHilut,tre Ha .!i 14

BTopa ToqKa m Enter. 06errute, K0t4T0 cfiyxaT Karo pexeul uncrpyrueHr. 3a ip,
ff rotate (or rvreHro Madify). 3antpra eAilH lrll,l
xpaN Ha lrs6opa ^ Enter. Iru
noBeqe o6exrm Ha yKa3aH blbn cnpflMo 6asoea ro'lKa,
Select obiects to trim: Vie6mpar ce 06ertm, xouro int
rpn6na ga 6uAal MspfisaHil. iloco,.leaHero ce u3BbpuBa !, Br
QopNar:
Select obiects: nocoqBaT ce oSerrn u Enter'
Bbpxy qacr[4Te, nofiflexaul4 Ha N3pff3BaFie.
:. iin
Specify base point flocotlBa ce roqKa.
t-: break, Komanpara npeKbcBa o6exr ueNqy gee !p;
;i Il( ,
nocoqeHil rortKm. 6Npa ce o6erra B eAHa 0T ToqKtlTe
l4e
Specify rotation angle or lReferencel: 3aAaBa ce
Ha npeKbcBaHe, cJieA K0eT0 ce n0c0tlBa BTopara ToqKa' i P'
bl-bI, nocotlBa ce T0qKa [4tlt4 r.
Reference - onpeAeflrr ce a6connreH TeKyul brbn Busexgane Ha napaMeTbp F e orronop Ha ilcKaHe 3a in(
BTopa roqKa, Bpbua rcnn Ns6op Ha nbpBa ro'{Ka. 3a $Br
N XeflaH HoB brbfl Ha 3aBbpraHe, K€
npeKbcBaHe Ha o6err B eAHa roqKa KoMaHAara ce u3-
r) Msmeueuue ua o6exmu.
0nlacanure no-Eony KoMaHAil ca AocTbnHil 0T MeHlo nofl3Ba Karo ce 3aAaBa e[Ha cbqa roLiKa KaT0 nbp- ii'i t'
Madify.
'l
Ba N KaTo BTopa. Bropara roLlKa Moxe [a ce onpe- li'i, cI*t
flefil4 r,r KaTo ce tsbBeAe @ v, Enter, K0er0 o3FiaqaBa
ttrtt. llpoueHn roreMfiHara Ha o6erru no
nocneAHaTa BbBeEeHa ToLlKa, .i vr
3a[aAeH naaula6. 0oprvrar: !r*
Select obiecfs: ilocoqea ce roqKa or oSerra'
0oPmar:
Select abiects'. ilocoqear ce o6exrm. 3a xpatt Ha
Specify secand break point arlFirst poin{: nocouaa
i:
i1,
Az

ms6opa Enter. ce BTopa ToqKa Mnu f sa npege$ilFtt4paue Ha nbpBa in,

Specify base point. n0c0qBa ce roqKa. T0qKa, {.,ti 0'l r4t

Specify scale factar or rr1eference]: suaexga ce

Naua6 mu r.
i:di rrutt. tlsrpmea eAr4lt lnrt,4 HfiKonK0 me6pauui :i
Reference - Nau-{a6Npa o6err cnpRu0 yKa3aHa oSeNra. i!,'
iMl
Abnxi4Ha (reference length) Karo ce 3a&aBa HoBa Abrl- CIoPnltar:
xuHa (new length). Select objects: floco.{sar ce o6exrut. 3a rpat,t Ha ii
l::'
,0,
',

44
i
i.,
i:
1e Ha ffi6o\a - Enter. 0oPnlar:
7) llpuxoTaue. Peanil3upa ce Bbpxy 06nacr, orpa- Specify first extensian tine origin or <select ob-
JUJU'
HflqeHa 0T 3arBopeH KoHryp 0T 06eKTn. illgeuruStttl- jects>: Sagaea ce ToqKa sa Haqa.no Ha nbpBa cnoMa-
peqa,
HpaHero sa o6lacrra ce u3BbpuBa LlpeS nocor.lBaHe rarenHa pa3MepHa rilHr4fl r4lrr Enter sa nocoqBaHe Ha
Ha 06eKTr4Te, AeQuHilpau{u rpaHilqilTe il (Select ob- o6exr sa opa3MepffBaHe.
mu qpe3 nocot{BaHe Ha BbrpeuHa roqKa 0T
jects), Specify second exlension line origin: llocoqea ce
14qau.4
olnaqra (.Pick points). l4s6ilpa ce o6paeeq or npe- ToqKa 3a Haqaro Ha BTopa cnoMaraTeflHa pa3MepHa
[ocTaBeHilr HaSop uia6r0H]t Ha upilx0BKl4 (Paftern), ,l14Hilt.
ace 3aAaBa ce noAxoAflul uaua6 (Scale) fi brbfl Ha saBbp- Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Tert/
A3Tfr-
tane (Angle). OyHxrlr,rsra ,,u-lpl4xoBaHe" Moxe Aa cb3- Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotatedl: flocoqsa ce
Aage acoqilarfiseH o6eKr (pexmu Associative), xoerc ToqKa, onpeAenfiu_la nonoxeHilero Ha pa3MepHaTa
Ba ce
o3HaltaBa, qe upilx0BKaTa e cBbp3aHa c rpaHt4uilTe ntl,tllfl, t4ril ce ne6vpa Bb3MoxHocr 3a npogbnxeHue:
ua o6racrra il BcrKa npoMRHa B pa3nonoxeHueTo Ha Mtext - Bu3yanu3upa pegaKTop Ha MHofopeAoB
lHe C KoHTypnTe BoAl4 Ao cb0TBerHor0 t/l uameHeuue. TeKcr 3a peAaKTMpaHe Ha pagMepHilff TeKcr. C < >
, l. 'r:ri (umoet,t cxo6r.r) e npegcTaBeH fi3MepeuyiflT pa3Mep,
:"ffi.1
.:::::1
hatch, KouauAara Hatch or MeHo ,ravv orBa-
i, fio6annuero Ha cfiMBonr4 npeg iln4 cnep pa3MepHoTo
'
pt Afian0f0Ba paMKa, B KoflTo ce BbBexAar 0nilca- rr4cflo ce < >, l4suepeHara
[43BbpuJBa npeA urrvr cneA
no-rope napaMerpu 3a u-lpr4xoBaHe.
l

H, 3a HMTe cror,rHocr Ha pa3Mepa Moxe Aa 6uge npomeHeHa rtpe3

8) flocmaBnne Ha pasMepu BbBexEaHe Ha q[,rcfl0 Ha Mtcroro Ha < >. Bu:uoxHo e
t{t4Te,
0cuqecrsnsa ce qpe3 cnequafl il3rlpaHu npoqegyp!4 Aa ce il3noflsBaT ynpaBnflBau-fl4 K0E0Be 3a EbBexqaHe
3a opagMeprBaHe, Kor4To $opNmpar cbcraaeH o6em, Ha cneuHalHl4 3HaU'4 14 Cl4MBofiil KaTo:
cbcTofltll ce or cnoMararenHil pa3MepHil J]14H1414, pa3- o/"o/"d - qeprae cMMBoJr sa rpagyc (");
peAe-
MepHa nuHufi, crperKu [4 pa3MepHo r{Ncflo. CneA no- o/no/oc
- qepTae ct4MBoJl ea gmamerup (O);
coqBaHe Ha o5err il
yKagBaHe Ha nonoxeHilero Ha o/oo/op
'LlepTae CilMBon +.
pa3MepHaTa rHHr4fl cr/cTeMaTa il3MepBa pa3cToflHileTo Iexf -noAceqa 3a BbBe)qaHe Ha HoB pasMepeH
TE HA 1:
il reHepilpa cbcraBHr4fi o6err - pa3Mep, flocmnum ca TeKcr oT KoMaHAHrrfl peA. B urnosyr cxo6r,r ce M3Bex,qa
tT. 3a . pa3nNqHi4 BMAoBe opa3MepflBaHe: nnHefrHo, 6a3oB0, u3MepeHaTa CrOttHOCr Ha pa3Mepa.
BepuxH0, opa3MepfiBaHe Ha bmil, paAilyc,4, fiilaMeTpil. Enter dimension text <current>'. BueeNna ce
K014T0 fipeAeilNAar ce AonbnHilTeJrHrr Bb3MoxHocril 3a pa3MepeH TeKcr unfi Entersa npilemaHe Ha fi3MepeHaTa
,puBa BbBexqaHe Ha AonycKrl ua rruer,ruure pa3Mepr4, KaKT0 croi,tHocr.
[4sa 0pa3MeprBaHe c AonycKl4 ua $opua, 0pr4eHTauilff, Angle - npoMenfi brbra Ha 3aBbpraHe Ha pa3MepHmff
pa3nonoxeHne N 5ireHe Karo cr4creMara pa3nonafa c TCKCT,
ly [Be
n0ExoEflujl4 cr4MB0r!4 3a o3HaqaBaHe Ha BuEa fe0MeT- Horizontal - cb34aBa x0prrsoHTafleH nfiHeeH pa3Mep.
LIKNTE
"0qKa.
puqeH AonycK u paMKa 3a onutcaHile ua 4onycxa. 3a Vertical - cb3[aBa BepruKafieH flilHeeH pa3Mep.
Fre 3a
no-eQerrmaHo opa3MepflBaHe ce npeAocraBflT cpeAcr- Rotated - cb3AaBa 3aBbprrH ,rilHeeH pa3Mep.
Ba 3a HacTpOttxa ra napaMeTpuTe 3a Opa3MepfiBaHe
la. 3a
KaTo roneMuHanrvn Ha cTpeflKuTe, BncoqfiHa Ha pa3-
+l
.l - r..,'
dimaligned. CusAaea flilHeeH pa3Mep,
)e M3-
MepHoTo qucflo, opileHTauilH Ha pa3MepHoT0 rlt4cJlo }/rnopiurr Ha opa3MepreaHNn o6exr, llo noAo6me Ha
) nbp-
cnpflMo pa3MepHaTa [|lHafr u T, H., t4sBecTHU KaTo CT- npeAxo[HaTa K0MaHAa ce 3aAaBaT T0rrKu 3a Haqajro
0npe-
t4roBe sa opa3MepffBaHe. Te ca ocHoBeH Mero4 sa Ha cnoMararefl-rilTe pa3MepHfi nutvltl (unu ce nocor{Ba
aqaBa
ynpaBneHfie Ha HaquHa Ha nocTaBflHe Ha pa3MepffTe o6exrur) u 3a noroxeHilero Ha pa3MepHara nnlut.
Bbpxy qepTexa, fionycrar ce Bb3MoxHocru 3a pe4aKTilpaHe Ha pa3-
Komauqure 3a opa3MepflBaHe ce aKTilBfipaT 0T na- MepHufi TeKcT 14 3aBbpTaHeTo My Ha onpeEereH brbjr.
L
Aaqo MeHo Dimension, vpee rpa$NuHure 6yroHlr or 'tlj'' dimradius. 0pasNepnBa pagilyc
c0qBa
neHTa c ilHcrpyMeHTil Dimensian unil qpe3 AilpeKTHo ;:,n:i::itii:i:
Ha fibfa ilnu
nbpBa 0KpbxH0cT.
l43nucBaHe Ha KoMaHAa 0T KoMaHAHlln peg. lio-aaxHure
OT T'X CA: Sopruar:
ipanN Select arc or circle: fiocoqsa ce lbra unil oKpbx-
:'Fi',dimlinear. llouasn rilHeeH pa3Mep Karo pa3-
HOCT.
MepHaTa nviHtlfl e x0p,,130HTarHa, BepTuKarHa u.rrM {losNq[arra Ha Kypcopa onpeAenfi nonoxeHilero Ha
HAKJiOHCHA. TeKCTa N npr4 ABr4XeHileTo My TeKCTbT Ce npeMeCTBa
ar,{ ua

45
 F'
lj

.j ;, :r
oKoIro l4ll4 Bbrpe B OKpbxHocTTa i4ril nbfaTa. cefMeHTr4; Haq,4H Ha nohpaBHfiBaHe Ha reKcTa cnpflMo HA
i Bat
Specify dimensian tine tocation or lMtext/Text/ n0cneAHH9 CerMeHT.
Angtel.
-'
dimcenfer. Lleprae MapKep 3a UeHTbp Ha Abra
"pa
;-tr"r.
H14
AutoCAD u3Mepea paguyca Ha AbraTa N uso6pasrea
TeKcracfrnpeAHero,
ilnu oKpbxH0cT, rli Fa
.;,-';
,. ,1,,-
".ffi'tolerance. tsueexfia cilMB0rl14 crol4HocTn Ha .3a
,
d i m d i a m ete r. 0 p as ntepr oa Ail aMerbp H a
,*,{ii,,
.r*l ;
: :;
14
,,rn
feouleTpilqHfi AonycKt4, nocTaBeHfi B npaB0bbnHa *e
oKpbxHocT. 9eprae pa3nfiqHfi T!{noBe Ha pa3Mepfi B ,ii
paMKa. Craprmpa ce AmalioroBa paMKa Geometric Tol-
3aBfiCt4MoCT or foreMfiHara Ha oKpbxHocTTA, Ha- ii Bb
erance,0T KbAeTo ce ms6ltpa cHMBofl 3a BilAa Ha
crpouxara Ha cTt4Ia 3a opa3MepfiBaHe il n0noxeHl4eTo it Ht,t
reoMeTpuquufi AonycK, BbBexAa ce crofrgocrra My, ,ri:
Ha Kypcopa. AutoCAD il3MepBa Al4aMeTbpa u mro6pa- Ha
npm HyxAa - o3t{aqeHile Ha 6asa. [locoqea ce ToqKa
3flBa reKcra cbc ct4mBorl 3a ANaMeTbp (Z) npeg Hero.
0T eKpaHa, B KoflTo ce pa3nonafa paMKaTa c onilca-
ii xal
,ii 0T
fl' dirnangular, OpasHlepnBa brba.
i*a:*I
HileT0 Ha [0nycKa. :i, "'
0oPrtrar. 9) Crs[aeaHe Ha crt4JtoBe 3a opa3MepfiBaHe
.'.'..
,i .

Select arc, circle, line ar <specify vertex>: floco'lea

ffi Axrr'ter,rpa flualloroBa paMKa Dimension SUle ii t4
r(

ce Abla, 0KpbxHocr, oTceLlKa tttnv Enter 3a cb3AaBaHe

,,i net
Manager (qocrunHa ot
Style Ha MeHlo Dimension unvr ,1. pe
Ha bm0B pa3Mep n0 Tpl4 T0t.lKll.
Dimension Style ua r'neun Farmaf) sa ycrailoBfiBaHe
[1plr r,re6op Ha [bra 4eHTbpbr Ha flbrara e BbpxbT
Ha napaMeTpilTe 3a opa3MepfiBaHe 14 cbxpaHflBaFieTo
Ha brbJla, a Kpat4uara N - HaqalHure ToLlKl4 Ha cn0Ma-
HM noA Qopuara Ha cri4n 3a opa3MepfiBaHe. tat
rareflHilre pa3MepH,ii IluHLAll,. [lplt ns6paHa oKpbxHocT
brbfibr ce 4eSuHmpa qpe3 n0cotlBaHe Ha ABe ToL{Kl4 fiocrunHu ca cfie&HilTe Bb3MoxHocrl'l: ycTaHo-
BfiBaHe Ha TeKyq cTiln, cb3AaBaHe Ha HoB, npoMFHa Yd
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pa3MepHa ntAHVfr, pa3MepHilTe crpenKil (or npoaopeq ..

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48
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M nmHr4ilTe Ha BfiArlMilTe
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HI nocTfiraHe ua ueo6xogmMara roLrHocT npt,t qepTaHe mension Sgle Manager, vtt6upa ce npo3opeu Primary
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leH[itTe noneTo Ha cbcToflHt4eTo, KaKT0 il Aa ce BKJll0qBaT
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pexilM,4Te SNAP, )SNAP, 0BTH0, P]UR. Koraro sa
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iiiii KopeKTeH BXoA ce uso6paenea rpa$uvHmnr cl4MBoJl c
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jjiiii Ha npilcbeAuHflBaHara uHQopNaqr'rr - Tolerancei or tsbBeAeHaTa qNcreHa orot/lHocr.

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cb3AaBaHe Ha noKa3Ha fluHl4fl. Ot Leader Sefftngs ce

iiiii uure noKa3HaTa JlilHt,lfl rourr,r (2); TunbT Ha rpaQnvHun
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ce 5. Bueexgane Ha reKcr. Amuempa ce KoMaHAa 3a
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u e Kypcoea sa1a\a 2. gerailnu B HeroBt,lfl BapMaHT.

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6. lloguqnpar Ge AerafrnilTe B npoeKquilTe Ha cfn 0 6eHaTa eAu Hr4 qa TexH uqecKu l43t4c KBaHltfl .

c60pHr4r qeprex, Karo ce il3nor3Bar HoMepara or

62
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ulunu wafi1vl
t<OmnOsvu4un HA er.ft CIbEFlA EfiUIHvlt{A
cbc GTAFIEAPTI4S|I! pAl{VI M3fiEn[4ff "
3. [a ce Haqeprae ffaBHa npoeKqile ua crno6euara
]CEOPEH TIEPTE}K M ENMCbK FIA eAilHilua, ronro rprGna'[a cbgbpxa pa3pe3n Ha Bcut{Kl4
tlACTUl (CnEqvl silKAUl4fi cbe[ilHeHufi MexAy flerailnt,,tre. 3a raer Llen cfleABa
,CbGTABHUITE )
Aa ce ilsnofi3ea peueHueTo n llporoxon 3 rum Jla6opa-
TopHo ynpaxHeHue lll.
, uEtl t4 cbflbPXAHilE HA 3ffiVATA:
4, Bropara npoeKqt,tn ce il3nblrlflBa, KaTo ce cile[[4
' [a ce Ao6usr gHaHNfl t4 yMeH,{fi sa:
ga ce nso6pa3fiT cbeAfiHeH[4tra, fiexau.lt4 B [pyfa
1, Ulso5pa3fiBaHe Ha crno6eHa eAfiH14qa qpe3
paBHHHa ($nr. 2.1). llpegHaaHaqeHilero l,t e Aa ce
Heo6xoANNtts 6pot,t npoexumN. nocoqar ra6apNrHnre pa3Mepu ua cmoSeHar? efllt;
2. PasnoraraHe Ha npoeKqiluTe n c6opeH qeprex HUUa.
Ha cmo6eua eAuHt4qa. 5, Bcuqxr't AerafuN ce lrgeHruQnuupar c no3fiul/oH-
3. OpasrvrepfiBaHe Ha crno6esa egt4Ht4qa o c6opeH
Ht,t HoMepa Bbpxy qepreNa, Te ce nogpexgar xopkt-
qepTex.
soHTanHo B peAoBe /Ha eAHo Hvtaol nlunu Beprt,tKaflHo
4. HaHactne Ha n03fiUl40HHt4 HoMepa Ha cbcraB-
0K0n0 npoeKquure. BncoqrHara Ha u:puQra, c KofiTo
HfiTe qacrfi B To3l4 qeprex.
ce [43nilcBar HoMepara, rpa6ea Ea 6u[e no-roflflMa 0T
5. CucrantHe Ha cnilcbK Ha cbcTaBHMTe L{acru - Bl4C0tllitHaTa Ha pa3MepHnTe qNCIa B qepTexa,
CneqNSuraqvfr , Ha o p!,truHanHfi M cTaHAaprM3l/paHil 6. B rypcoea saAaqa 2 He e npepBilAeHo Aa ce
u3AeIilfl. trs6upar crno6rm Ha cbeAuHeHilgTa, 3au0T0 Te ce
Kypcosara saAaqa cbAbpxa eAilH qeprex ($opnar il3yqaBaT B cneEBaluilTe ceE|\/lilur4 Ha ceMecTbpa.
A3 xopusouraneH) r,r egHa cneqmSilxaqiln (A4). 3arosa s c6opHun r.reprex - @Nr. 2.1, ce 3anilcnar
1. Cnopeg 3aAaEeHMfl Bapt4aHT (ra6nur1a ll.1) ga cauo o6uure pa3Mepnil tn4c.rla /nomuHanuN crott-
ce uso5paeN crroSeHa eAr4H14qa, o6pasyeaua or Hocrm/ Ha noBbpxHt4Hrnre, K0r4T0 yuacrBar B cbeANHeHHfi
gerar,lnn (oprruHanHr u craHAaprilsupauu), ronro c unnilHfipuqHn uJu4 pes6oeu crno6Ntt.
oTroBapfiT Ha eAilH BapilaHT. Tosm napuaHT BceKfi 7, B c6opHr,rflT qeprex ce HaHacfiT ra6apmrum u
cTyAeHT Beqe e il3noflsBan npil peuaBaHero Ha npilcbeAi4Hl,,tTenHil pa3MepN, KaKTO r4 HflKol4 0CH0BH!4
Ila6oparopu0 ynpaxHeHNe ll, rugero e ra6n.ll.1. K0HCTpyKTI4BHI pa3MepN.
0co6euocr Ha 3aAarrara e, qe opilrmHaflHilTe Aeratmu 8. Cnucurur Ha cbcragHltre Ltacril ce nonbflBa, Karo
ca gagaleHu Lrpeg ce0r4 uso6paNeuur. flptt ttso6pa- HaN-Hanpeg cbcTaBH!4Te qacTu ce pasAenflT Ha ABe
3flBaHe Ha TeXHfiTe CbeAt4HeHnfi Moxe Aa ce Hanox!4 rpynH - 0p14irlHanHu l/| cTaHAapTuSilpaH14 fleraNnN.
Aa Ce npeMaxHaT nvHVtA, K0MT0 ce 3aKpilBaT 0T Flrpno ce 3aEagar AaHHt,tre 3a opilfilHanHfiTe, a c.nefl
npucbeEl4Hfl BaH,4Te n0BbpXHl4HM Ha Apyrm AerattnN. r0Ba o3HaqeHufiTa Ha craHAapril3MpaHilTe AeratilnN.
2. 3a cmo6sBaHero ua Aerar,trure e Heo6xoAumo Tpn6ea Aa ,4Ma nblrHo cboTBercrBile MexEy n03rt{t40H-
Aa ce yTortHflT noBbpxH,4HfiTe c eAHaKBn AiilaMeTpu - HilTe HoMepa, 3a[aAeHLr e CnequSutKaUilRTa il B
oTBopr4 r BafloBe, Kol4To Morar Aa o6pasyear qilnuHA- c6opuun qeprex. 3a uapa6oreaHe Ha caMaTa rabnt,iqa
pt4qHil cbeAmHeHr4fl noMel<[y cu. Heo5xoAt4Mo e Aa ce Ha CneqNQuraquffTa sa nonbrBaHeTo Ha rpaQure tt
14

yfor{HflT CbeAfiHeHiltra, Ltpe3 K0t4T0 oTAenHmre 0p,4fl4- crieABa Aa ce fi3nofl38a cboTBerHMfl MaTep,4an 0T
uanuu gerafrnu ue SrAar cBbp3aHil nocpeAcrB0M cran- vqe6Huxa.

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M 05.20.03 Ilocm PX.CA 6AC 6354:198s

M 05.24.04 Kousona 1 25ll 6AC 3492:1975

M 05.20.05 Ban 45X 1nC il541985

M 05.20.06 Aafida cne\. lV40 x @25x1 2 lCn 5 6AC 2592:191

7 M 05.20.07 Koneno sb6Ho 1 40X 6frC 6354:1985

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bt[
Qopnrrar B3e
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K0lil
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Ha(
pa3MepHfi Beptirftl Ha HfiKo.riK0 $opNara 44 c Morr,rs.
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l. [a ce $opNltpar 3HaHufi t4 yMeHMfi 3a pa3qmTaHe ll 3 n bIt H EH t4 E HA SMAL\ATA : HAtr

Ha qepTex Ha o6u_1rx BfiA Ha cmo6esa eIuHNqa c uen
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Heo6xogr,ruo e Ea ce HanpaBfi aHa.r'll4g ua crno6eHara
2. [a ce npmgoSunr gHaHilfi il npaKT[4qecKt4 yMeHfit
eAfiHl4qa, xor/lro eKnloqBa onpeAeflflHe Ha npeEHa3Ha-
pasl
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LreHilero u npilHq[4na Ha pa6orara ycraHontnaHeil, Ha
TopcKa floKyMeHTaqils Ha cmo6eHa egilHl4qa - c6opeH H9(
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qeprex ua o6ulur eu[.
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crygeHTilTe 3a BceKtr BapfiaHT crno6esa enilHt4ua B
3a il3FoTBflHe Ha u3qucIl4TejrFta 3an,4cKa 3a pa3MepHil 3flT (
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2. fra ce il3nbrHr4 c6opeu qepTex Ha cbu.lara 6ogr
crno6eua eAfiFtilUa Ha nogxo4flut $oprvrar c MoJ.tr4B,
sa uso6paenBaHer0 Ha cbcraBHuTe qacril sa crno6e- Bcj
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c n03fitlt4oHHl,,t HoMepa ,,,8?T t
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10 3,10 1, 14, 15
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ce nocraBfi Ha st6oQpe3oBaTa MauilHa B c.tlyqailTe'
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HaTa 30Ha h HanycKa noMnaTa.
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cnyxlt 3a saKpenBaHe ua Aetaftn, Kot4To ue ce o6pa-
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npoBoAa npyxilHara 13 epuu.la crncKara B il3x0AH0T0
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(Sur. 4.1 no 4.15), cugtpxaqo ugeeH qeprex Ha 3a HaueprasaFte Ha qeprexa uaN-uanpeg ce npec-
cr.no6eHa e[fiHyrqa rr 3aAa[eHil KonuqecrBeHt4 uRra maqa6ur Ha N[efrHi4fl qepTex (sagaHuero). 3a u
qeflTa ce r43ri0fl3Ba Har/l-ronemlrsT 3aAaEeH pa3Mep.
xapaKTepritcTyrKil Ha crno6ru (n Nuxpomerpu):
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1. [a ce uepa6oru qeprex ua o5qNn Bilg Ha
HileT0 Ha m3MepeHaTa cnpflMo 3aAaAeHaTa Cror/|Hocr. nF
crno6eHara eAuHr4Ua n Naqa6 i:1 nrpxy nogxofiflltt
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Qopruar c MonMB;
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ra6ruqara KbM BapilaHTilTe or 3aAaH!4ero;
ce yroqHfiBar 0T Karaflor ga TbpKanfliilu narepu (ra6n. cb
5. [a ce usSepar crno6xm n0 3aEaAeHu xapaKTe-
pl4cTl4K!4, 3anficaHn e ra6nNqara KbM BaphaHTHTe 0T
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npoeKuil14, 9epreNur ce 3anoqBa 0T rnatsHaTa npoeKufir sa crno6enara egilHr4qa, KaKTo 14 BaxHfi pa3Mepu Ha
0 c HaqepraBaHe Ha ,,0c Qnauqona" il rafepa, cfleg Aerar,rnu, HyxHt4 aa gerafr.nupauero (eux $wr. 4.17).
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I Ao6aesr ApyrilTe Aeraftnr - KanaKa, onopHara Hauacnue Ha nffiuuuu ua wcma9uume qacmu.
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c TRI|0To il Ha npfiTr4cKarIaTa nIoLtKa c Bafia. crrn6oee 0K0n0 npoeKuuure. Koraro Aeraltnure ca n0-
A npoQunuara npoeKqMff e noKasaH HaqfiHbr Ha saK-
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p penBaHe il ocuryprBaHe Ha ilp[{Tl4cKauaTa njt0qKa KbM Hapyur4 T03il peA 3a cMeTKa Ha rpynilpaHe Ha oplrfilHan-
c nara, Qopuara Ha nerilTe Ha TrnoTo, c K0r4T0 T0 ce Hfi il Ha CTaHgapTil3l4paHU Aerar4ril B CnUCbKa Ha
l, cbegilHffBa KbM ocHoBHara KoHcTpyKrlr4fl, KaKTo u Qop- cbcTaBHure qacrn,
a Mara Ha KanaKa, B xopueoHrarHara npoeKqvn e vsnc- 2. Cnucax ua cucma1nume Ltacmu. HaHacn ce Ha[
l. HeHa $opmara Ha KoHTaKTHara noBbpxnuHa Ha nerilTe ocHoBHl4fl Hagnilc B Lreprexa ga o6ulNs eug. flootr-
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U Ha rtnoTo KbM ocHoBHara KoHcrpyKrlmr. 9pes qacrult- 3. 06scuumeAHa sanucKa sa QyuxrquoHaAHocm.
o Hilt pacpe3 eue QnaHeqa ca noKa3aHll pee6onure Haqunur Ha ueilHoro oQopNrHe e pa3rJreAaH B
p oTBOpr4 3a CBbp3BaHeTo My C Epyr BaJr MAil 0C. yve6uuxa, nopaAr KoeTo TyK ce AaBa caMo nputMepHo
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l. lnasHa Syux4un Ha cino6eHara eAilHilqa.
l4s4enuero ,,0n0pa 3a Bar" ce il3nofigBa
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ABilXeHfie, noeMaq paAuaflHa cilna,
ll, flerar,tnu ocbu"lecrBflBaqil ffiaBFrara SyHrqus.
Toga ca fierattnure: ,,0c $naH4ona" (no:, 3),
,,Tiflo" (noe. 1) il ,,flarep ponKoB 22314" (nos. 9),
craHgapTilsr4pau e 6[C 4870-86, flpegaeaHero
ycunuero ce u3BbpurBa qpe3 QnaHeqa fi narepnara
utuvtra npe3 flarepa KbM Tffl0To Ha n3AenueTo
neTuTe My r\bM ocHoBHaTa KoHcTpyKur4fl.
lll. flerarlnn noplbpxauln maBHara Syuxr.lun.
HenognuxHocTTa Ha narepa cnpnMo ,,0c $raH-
UoBa" e ocilrypeHa orgscHo .rpe3 ,,Btynxa onopHa"
(nos. 2) 14 orlrrBo or ,,BTyflKa" (nos. 5) il
npur4cKail{a" (n03. 6). Ocosoro M3MecrBaHe Ha narepa
oTAflcfio e orpanuqeHo 0T Tflloro, a ornffBo 0T ,,KanaK"
(nos. 4).
lV, CraunaprrlsilpaHil uBAefi il,r.
QyHrrlurra Ha npilTl4cKaqara nnoqa n BTynKara
0TrrB0 ce oclrrypfiBa oT Tpl4 6onra (noe. 8), npegna-
3eHil or caM0pa3B!1BaHe qpe3 ,,IlaMapuuxa sa-
B KoHTpfiqa" (noe. 7). l-lenogruxHocrTa [-ra KanaKa ce
rapaHTr4pa or qerupn 6olra (noe. 8), npegnaseHu or
caMopasBilBaHe qpe3 npyxl4HHa Luafr6a (nos. 12).
ilpegnaeeanero Ha saroopeHoTo npocrpaHcrBo 0K0no
narepa 0T BbHruHlr SaMbpcl4Tenu ce ocbuecTBfiBa 0T
,,0 npbcreH" (nor. 10) t,t ,,llprcreH ynnbrHr4Tel'reH"
(nos. 11). CreneHra Ha yHuQr,xal1fifl e Ky=Nc/N=0,416,
Ha Kbgero N=l2 e o6qurr 6por,t nostaquil, a Nc=5 e 6ponr
no3ilrlr,il4 Ha cTaH[apTHure geramlr.
M npe3 V. Toquocruu noKa3areliil Ha u3Aenuero.
llpegnucaHnTe B 3agaHurra Ha4nbxHrr pa3Mepil
npeAcTaBnflBaT MoHTaxHu napaMeTpil, KoilTo 0c14ry-
pflBar npaBilnHara pa6ora Ha crno6eHaTa egilFtuqa.
Trxuara ToqHocr ce ocurypflBa qpe3 npecMflTaHero Ha
,,llfloea pasMepHu Bepun4. ilpu uspa6orBaHe Ha qeprexa
rpn6na [a ce cnagil FroMlnHanHaTa ilM croilsocr.
l4s6paHa e crno6xa
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J^o 37 25 80 86 49 37 tYo 209 142 148 to I

Han 80 ao 20
1 r. 24,5 126 co ol '18,5 t30 164,5 107 110
J12 mm
0 36 36 12 0 128 120 72 ll 72

I.o 44 30 93 101 43 233 248 165 173 188

Han 120 no 180 129 68 72 21,5 189 tlJ 129
/:, 14 0 43 43 1A
0 145 1AE.
85 85 nq

i13
llpogaaNenue Na ma6t. 11.B
flpogt

HouiruanHu H7lt7 H7/q6 H7/h6 H8/d8 H8/d9 H8/e8 H9,/e8 H8/f7 H8/f8 Hont
pa3Mepu B mm F7/h7 F7/h6 F8/h6 G7ih6 D8/h8 D9/h8 E8/hB E9/hB FB/h7 F8/h8 pq3r
t?6 'tt 't0 td t0 qd 4t bJ JU J1+

0r1no3 J to 14
't6 10 I 34 39,5 28 33,5 18 20 0r1
/min o 6 6 2 0 20 20 14 14 6 n

Jb '24 bb IA 4b
J4 JU ZU bb bU 4U
Han3no6 r22 md
20 23 48 38 44 IJ 28
f. mn
ro 10
'10
14
4
10
0 30 30
qx
20 ZU 10 10
HaE

"tmfr 4J JI .+.t lv z4 U4 OY bU
Hag6po10 ,r 28 25 DA E tt 12 62 69 47 54 .r t,c 35
J IJ i3 13 0 40 40 25 25 13 IJ Haa

Jn 52 4b b4 JJ t3 tu4 lZU Ub 1UZ bt tu

Han10no18 r34 ?E 20,5 14,5 77 85 bv 67 38,5 43
.4," 16 lo '16
6 0 50 50 32 JI to 16 Hal
JOt J4 oo 4l J4 tJt t5u tub tzc t4 db
Han18ao30 141 J/ 43 24 17 98 107,5 IJ 82,5 47
/rin 20 20 7 0 65 65 40 40 20 2A
'v I tqA
oo UU CU 4l rcu rul t16 tcl IUJ
toA lan (
Han 30 go 50
"ri'
t^^
so
25 25
52,5
25 I
20,5
0
119
80 80
89
50
1 00, 57
25
o4
)q
HaA
/md uu vb 4V uz ZZU 15:l tou tub 22
Han 50 no 80 J60 EA E 62,5 34,5 24,5 146 160 106 120 OU IO
/:* 30 ?n 30 10 0 100 100 60 60 30 30
tu0 ltz 0v 'tzd tol tdu ztJ tz5 144 HaA
md
Han B0 no 1 20 r, 71 64,5 t4 40,5 28,5 174 10n ( 126 142 80,5 an
'120
T. 36 36 JD IL 0 120 72 72 JO 36
l^* 123 IUU lJt /v 2t I JUU tl 244 t4b 10e Han
7q4 at
Has120ao1B0 "r 88
/: 43 .tJ
87
43
46,5
14 n
F
208
t43
226,5
1AE
148
85
166,
85
94,5
43
106
43

HaA
llpoguNeuue Ha ma6A. n.B
HoMilHarHfi HC/td, HA/ry HB/h7 HB/h8 H6/nC riv/09 u1 0/h9 t19/19 H9/h9 Hl 0/d1 ( H1 0/h9 H!0/h1(
pa3Mepi/, mm F9/h8 H9/h8 D9/h9 E9/h9 F9/he Dl 0/h1 t
HaA
4i tq 39 IU Ub or+ CU IUU oc UU
0r1go3 r 25.5
md
14 1q 6 45 39 25 60 32,5 40
r.6 mn
0 0 0 20 20 14 6 0 av 0 0
/r* cu 3U JO 40 YU IUU UU OU IZO t6 qh Han
Has3[06 r34 18 24 60 69 50 40 30 78 JY 48
i^,,, 10 0 0 0 30 30 20 10 0 30 0 0

md
/1 3I 14 I 12 1J4 ct Ub /2 tco llb, l{an
Han 6 so 10 I 42 29 76 B7 ot 49 JO s8 46 58
J min n 0 0 40 40 25 13 U 40 U 0
J md d0 4C 54 tu tJb rbJ ltu tvz Ub tvu 113 t4u Hag
tql qq
Han10fio18 22,5 27 35 106,5 75 r+.t ttu 56,5 70
;" rA 0 0 0 50 50 32
'16
0 5U U 0

Jma IU5 b4 bb 6b tov 2U1 t44 I lt+ turt z66 tJ0 t0d
Hal
Has18no30 J,* 62.5
on
27 JJ A'E 117 IJJ 92 72 52 149 68 84
0 0 0 65 40 20 0 65 U 0
l tzo 64 t6 tul lur+ lql U+ l4v tz4 zau tot IUU
Han 30 so 50 J 75.5 32 39 50,5 142 lbl 112 87 62 180 81 100
/,rn 25 0 0 0 80 80 50 25 0 80 0 U

I^ 150 to 1ZU t46 tv4 tu6 t/o lla J4U I qa z4v

Has 50 no B0 ,r 90 38 46 60 174 197 134 104 74 220 120
t. 30 0 0 0 100 100 60 0 100 n n

m4
vI UV IUU ta I zu4 J4l t4b t1u 1t4 4UU lzt 16v
Has B0 go 1 20 T AAC 7n4 207 233,5 159 123 87 260 I t.t,c 140
36 0 0 0 120 120 IL 36 0 120 0 (,

md
2rJ6 IUJ 1:/6 163 J45 4U5 :/65 243 ZUU 4bb tou Jtv
Han120no180 1)4 \ 41 F o r,c 245 275 185 143 100 130 tou
43 n 0 0 145 145 85 43 0 145 0 0
mn

114
I ta
flpogtaxeuue sa ma6n. [7.8

HouuHanHn H7/c8 Hl 1/al 1 Hl 1/bl 1 Hl 1/cl 1 Ht 1/dl 1 Hlt/hl1 H|2/b12 Hl 2/h1 2

pa3Mepu, mm Al l/1111 Bfl/hl1 cl 1/h1 1 Dl 1/hl 1 81 2/h1 2

r84 390 260 180 140 124 340 200

0r1no3 J II 200 124 80 60 240 100
r. 60 270 '140 OU 20 0 140 0

"r 100 420 294 220 180 150 380 240

Han3no6 /85 345 ltJ 145 105 7q 260 120
r. mnl
70 270 140 70 30 0 140 0

117 460 330 260 220 180 450 300

Hag6no l0 f qn6 370 240 170 130
tl 90 300 150
J
m!r1
80 280 150 80 40 0 150 0

T 140 510 370 Jtc 270 220 510 360

Hag10go18 ,I 117,5 400 260 205 160 'r10 330 180
95 290 150 06 50 0 150 0

r 164 560 420 -370 325 260 580 420

Han 18 no 30 r 137 430 290 240 1S5 130 370 210
t. nl
110 300 160 110 0 160 0

r 184 630 490 440 400 320 670 500

Han 30 no 40 r 152 470 330 280 240 lou 420 254
r. mtn
120 310 170 120 80 n
170 0

Jnux 94 640 500 450 400 320 680 500

Haa 40 no 50 J 62 480 340 lJU 240 160 430 250
30 320 180 len 80 0 180 0
f
ntax
216 720 570 520 480 380 790 600
Han 50 no 65 178 530 380 330 290 190 490 300
, '190
f,l ill
140 340 140 100 0 190 0

I 226 744 580 530 480 380 800 600

Han 65 Ao 80 "r
r.
188
150
550
360
390
200
340
'150
290 190 500 300
100 0 200 0

T 259 820 660 610 560 440 920 700

Han 80 no 1 00 T 214,5 600 440 390 340 220 570 350
trt ill 170 380 224 170 tzv 0 220 0

r 269 850 680 620 cou 440 940 700

Han100no120 /,, 224,5 630 460 400 340 220 590 350
r. 180 410 240 180 120 0 24A U

/ 303 960 760 700 645 500 '1C60

800
Han120no 140 In, 251,5 710 510 450 250 660 400
r. mil1
200 460 260 200 145 0 260 0

J JIJ 1 020 780 710 645 500 1 080 800

Han140no160 261,5 770 Aen 460 395 250 680 400
n
tlv 520 280 210 145 U 280 0

333 1080 810 730 645 500 1110 800

Han160no180 m
281,5 830 560 480 250 710 400
J nIn 230 580 310 230 145 0 310 0

115
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XapaxmepucmuKu Ha npenlpbqumeAwuffie cengdxu cw cmeanamacm S^, S* 5,,n8 pm

HoNnnalnn H6/ns H5/n4 H6/p5 H6/r5 H6/s5 H7/p6 H7/ro H7/s6

pa3Mepil, mm N6/h5 N5/h4 P6/h5 P7/h6 R7/h6 s7/h6
c 'lB t0 20
I 10 14
max

0r1go3 Dt '.( h 5 Y t.) B 12

c U 4 I U 4

s,* 13 12 17 20 24 20 23
oa

Han3noO s* 6'5 10,5 13,5 1 7,5 10 II

s-," o
A
7
't 'l
0
oi
'7
I

.A
ta 21 25 29 L+ 2B 32
Sru,
c 1C 6 io to 20
Han 6 go 10 8,5 Y 17 ,5 21,5 IL
S-,. 1 6 10 14 0 4 I
) max
20 17 26 e1 36 29 Ji{ JY
Ha.q 10 go 18 -m 10,5 10,5 lo,c 21,5 26,5 14,5 I9,5 24,5
'7 .tn
c 1 4 12 17 0 IU

s oA LI a't 44 41 48
max
1a q
26 33 't8 24 31
Hag1Bgo30 -m 13 20
I 1A
L 6 U 15 22 I 7 IT

s,* 28 24 45 54 4l 59
Hal 30 no 50 s* 14,5 lc 23,5 31,5 40,5 21,5 29,5 38,5
D_," I 6 10 18 27 1 1B

28 45 66 51 60 72
max
1a 50 26,5 35,5 47,5
Ha,q 50 go 65 D
m
tt 29 38
1 7 t.l 22 34 z 1'l 23

s33 28 I' 51 ol 78
Hag 65 go B0 s, max
17 t /,c 29 40 56 26,5 53,5
s-," 1 7 IJ 24 40 L 1e 29

00 59 0?
mar
3B 52 UO

Han B0 Ao 1 00 s 19,5 20,5 aa6 47,5 67,5 30,5 44,5 64,5

"m
c 1
q 't( LJ 49 z t0 JO

c 3B 52 69 94 59 76 101
max
33,5 50,5 75,5 30,5 47,5 7tE
Has 100 Ao 120 Jt 19,5 20,5
s-,. I
a 15 o1 z 19 44

45 39 UI 81 I tu 6B BB 117
max

Hu 120 no 140 23,5 L+

^i 39,5 BB,5 35,5 55,5 84,5
) 2 9 i8 3B 67 23 52

45 ol B3 118 68 90 125
'140 23,5 39,5 61,5 96,5 35,5 57,5 92,5
Han Ao 160 LLI
q 40 a 25 60
)_,_ L 1B

-max 39 61 86 tto 6B 93 133

Han 160 Eo 180 24 64,5 104,5 35,5 60,5 100,5
m

J mtn I 18 r+J OJ 28 6B

117
 Ta6n
fipogatxeuue ua ma6a. 1l,.10
Fes6i
6EC
HoNuHarHlr H7/s7 H7/t6 H7/u7 HB/s7 UB/h7 HB/uB H9/xB HB/27 "

HoMu
pa3Mepil, mm T7/h6
(ounu
an 32 32 40
.)
max
24 2B AUaMI
pe36:
0rlgo3 m
14 1R 12 20 1B 20 26
4 I n X 4 6
{a
ta
'I

E_
31 4l .+l 40 53
-a-F-
Haa3aoG s max

m
19 0a 16 zo ZJ 28 35
11 1 11 IU 17 T0-
max
3B 43 38 50 50 56 04 T-
Has 6 go 1o 23 28 10 q 31.5 2B 34 42
-m
'.s. a l!) 1 13 6 tt 20 To--
s46 46 60 60 77 EA
Haa10no14 s2B max
23.5 37,5 OJ 40 50
s. 10m

mtn
t3 1 IJ o 't? 23 6,0

s46 46 60 OU 72 B7
Haa 14 so
'18
s 28 max

m
teE 45 60 7,0

s_," 10 tc I 6 1B 33
s 56 62 56 74 74 106 8,0

Hag1Bao24 s35 max

A1
AI 29 47 41 73
s-," 14
m

20 D
20 8 tl 40
C AA 6a 9,0
max
Aq 56 B1 ol JI 121
Ha.q 24 go 30 Q7 48 29 48 h4 88
m
e 1A 20 L 27 tc
c 6B 64 B5 68 99 99 119 lc I
max 10,0
Ha,q 30 no 40 sm 43 43.5 60 JO 60 80 112
'18 4{
s-," 4 35 al 41 IJ
s68 7n 95 6B 109 109 tJo t/c 1l,0
Has 40 no 50 s43 max
4s.5 70 36 77 70 97 136
s. 18
m

29 45 'Jl 58 o7

max
83 85 117 B3 133 IJJ tou 218
12,0
Han 50 Ro 65 m
53 60.5 87 45 95 87 tlz 172
36 57 7 57 41 76 126
s 89 94 132 89 148 148 192 256
Has 65 no B0 s max
59 69.5 142 51 110 102 146 210
s.," 29
m

45 72 IJ 72 56 100 164
14,0
) tuo 1'13 159 106 178 178 232 312
Haa B0 [o 1 00 s max

m
71 84.5 124 o t.3 t.1J.C 124 178 258 -Tm'
s_," 36 56 B9 17 89 7A 124 204
414 170 114 10R
smax I t.+ 126 I t(+ 198 264 64
Haa100no120 e 79 147 ,5 144 69.5 153.5 144 210 310 .16,0
m

44 69 109 25 1nq 90 156 256

C
-max 32 147 210 I5t 233 IJJ Jtl 428 -frt
Hal 120 so 140 m
94 1 14.5 170 80.5 181 .5 174 248 JOC
'130
52 B2 29 130 107 185 302

max
140 159 230 140 253 253 343 478
Has '140 po i 60 m
100 126,5 190 88,5 201 .5 190 280 415 18,0

mtn
60 94 tcu 57 tcu 127 217 352

IIpu,

11n
Ta6auua fl.l 1
2 3
Pee6a rwempuuwa. Pasmepu no 3 1Z,X6 t

EEC 1 A 689 :1 978 (usSueqe nue ) 4 43,670

4B,0 3 44,752
HoMuHaneH Cnnra Ha BurpeueH 1 2 3 2 45,834
(ounueu) p$6aTa, 1 /,293 I,O 46,376
Ar{aMerbp
mm Ha pea6ara, 2 17,834 1 46,917
!uaMeTbp Ha
p$6ara, mm mm 20,0 18,376 J t+o,t cl
1 18,917 50,0 2 47,835
3
0,75 19,1 BB t,c 48,376
3,U u,J 2,1x6
0,5 19,458 c 4b, bu /
0,35 2,621
AA c I v,z9J 4 47,670
u,0 z, dcu
2 19,834 52,0 3 48,752
0.35 3,121
t,c 20,376 2 49,835
4,tJ U,I J,tlt
22,0 1 20,917 t,c 50,376
0.5 3,458
0,75 21 ,188 1 50,917
u,/J 3,6UU
0,5 21,458 curD/ u
0,5 3.958
zv,t cz 55,0 3 51,752
5,0 u,d 4, t,r,J
2 21,834 2 52,835
0,5 4,458
24,0 t,c 22,376 l.c
0,5 4,95U
1 22,917 c,c cu, u4 0
I 4,917
0,75 23,188 4 51,670
6,0 0,75 5,1 BB
z 22,b34 56,0 3 52,752
5,458
25,0 t,0 23,376 2 53,835
'l
5,9i /
1 23,917 l.c 54,376
7,0 0,75 6,1 88
2tt,0 z4,n I o 1 54.9r 7
0,5 6,458
J zJ,t 5z 4 c6,o / u
|,tc o,o+o
2 24,834 58,0 3 54,752
8,0 1 6,917
27,0 I,C 25,376 2 55,835
0,75 7,1 BB
25,S17 t,c 56.376
0,5 7,458 1

0.75 26,1 BB c4,u4b

|,zJ I,O4t
I z3,dJ4 4 55,670
9,0 1 7,917 qA 7ED
28,0 1,5 26,376 60,0 3
0,75 8,1 8_8
1 26.917 2 57,835
0,5 8.458
zo,zt I 1,5 58,376
b,J/b
3 26,752 1 58,917
1,25 8,646
30,0 2 27,834 30,o/ u
10,0 '1
8,917
I,C 28,376 62,0 3 58,752
0,75 9,188
1 28,917 2 59,834
0,5 9,458
0,75 23, 1 88 1.5 60,376
I,C v,/bu
JZ,U I 29,u34 b /,bu4
11,0 1 9,917
30,376 4 59,670
0,75 '1
0,188
0,5 10,458 .t, c t9,z1l 64,0 3 60,752
3 29,752 2 6t,835
0,i05
33,0 2 30,834 1,0 62,376
0,376
12,0 1,25 0,646 l,t 31 ,376 1 62,917
1 31 ,917 bu,b / u
1 0,91 7
0,75 32,1 BB 65,0 3 61,752
0,75 1 ,1BB
3b, u 33,3 /b 2 62,835
0,5 1,458
rl J l,bbg 63,376
|,0., I
3 32,752 0 o |,ouc
2,316
ti5 36,0 2 33,834 4 63,670
2,646
I,J 34,376 68,0 3 64,752
14,0 I 2,917
1 34,s17 2 65,835
3,1 88
't6 3b,u 35,376 1,0 66,376
3.458
E JO, / CZ 1 66.917
tc,u J,J/ O
40,0 2 37,834 b oJ,cuo
3.917
'1
,5 38,376 4 65,670
J,bJ4
Jt,tao 70,0 3 66,752
I,C 4,376
'I 4 37,669 2 67,835
16,0 4,917
3 38,752 68,376
0,75 5,1 8B
42,0 2 39,834 b bb,5u5
0,5 5,458 n
40,376 67,670
t,u t,t b,J/b
1 40,917 72.0 3 68,752
1 5,927
,tu, tzd 2 69,835
c c, tY.1
4 40,669 70,376
2 5,834
45,0 3 41,752 1 70,917
t.3 6,376
t 42,834 /u,b/u
18,0 1 6,917
I,C 43,376 75,0 3 71,752
0,75 7,188
1 43,917 2 72,835
0,5 7.458
I,J 78.376

Ilpu,uep 3a o3HaqaBane Ha Merpur-rna per6a c BbHrrreH Ar{aMerbp 20 mm u crbfiKa 1,5 mm: M20x1,5.

i'x9
 Ta1tuqa tl.l 2
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Pes6a mpaneqo&ugna" Fastwepu na EfiC 2054:'l 979 (us&neuenue)
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31,0
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20 z
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33,0
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39,0
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21 ,5
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4U,5 m
26 L
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R 19,0 60 3b,3
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30 26,5 _9 50,0
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23,0 14 44,0 I
10 19,0 4 bU,b
32 28,5 i__0 54,0 lI
25,0 16 47,0 I
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34 Jii IU 59,5 I
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120
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13,157
16,662
20,955
22,911
26,441
3 0,201
33,249 30,291
1
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(1 1/B)
4'l ,910 38,952
1 114
44,323 41,365
(1 3/8)
47,803 44,845
1112
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59,614 56,565
I
65,710 68,752
(2 1 l4)
75,1 84 72,226
2112
87,884 84,926
100,330 97,372
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123
 I
Ta6^uua ll.1
Ta6nuua 11.20
6fiC 9954:'1983
Yrutumnumenu pagwannu sa Baao&e na
Faguanau caqmenu egwapegua Aaaepu
(ushneqenue)
na 6RC 4843:'t 984 (ushnevenue)

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n B r
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d D
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npn BynKaHil3upaHe.

124
 Ta1auua t\.21 Ta6tuua 11.23
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(usBtrbr+enwe) 680 V947:1 985 {us&nesemwe).

YnrltHRgaHil [unNuHa Ha 0cHoeHu pa3Mep[4 Ha Pasuepu Pasuepu Pasuepu

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(usBneaenue)

PasNepn, mm d D b

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flpinvep sa 03HaqaBaHe Bbpxy qeprexuTe:

Ta6auUa t\.25
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CmouanaEN 10083-C45
Cmowan a Snene p ag Ha
xaqecm$o no 6AC EN 10025:2445
Mapxa
Ha cm0- flpunoNeuue Ta6
MaHAma Gna

s1 85 Haroeape n u gerar,rnlr Ha MeraJI Hr4 KoHcrpyKqu t4,

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na 68A EN 10Affi-1:2006 (us0neueaue)
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sopHil Aerafrnu, Henognafan[,t Ha repNu,rHa o6pa-
Ha cmo- flpaoxenue
6oma (nrynxt,t, JiarepHu LtepynKu, noctoee, cTe6-
ra, 60rroBe, larlxr,r) lr lp. 3anapreuocr - go6pa
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npelaBaTenHu npbToBe, nocroBe, 60110ne, 34CrMo4 TeMnepaTypa: Bafl oBe, cKpenilrefl Hil Aerafrnu
KnuHoBe, unoHKr4 tt gp. 3aeapnea ce 14 Ap.

E295 [erar,rnu c noBilueHfi RKocTHl4 l43l4cKBaHufl: 41CrMo4 0rroeopnu Aerafinu c roreMu ra6apuTr4: 3b6Hr4 -ql
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noBe, unoHKu, cna6o naroeapeHu 3r6Hr,r xo-
0cl,,r, Cmouaua EN 1 0a I 3 -2 5 CrMo4
nefia u qepBruu. 3asapnemocr - gaAoBon[4TenHa
n
[lpuNep 3a 03HaqaBaHe Bbpxy qepTexilTe:
Cmomaua EN 1 0025-E295

126
Ta1auqa fl.2B Ta6nuua 11,30
hnaa&u rw eg nu nenpcxu (6Pa nsahe ) enna& u nneg na-qu n xa B u nenpc xw (mee un eu )
na EflC EN't982:2AAZ @eSneueaue) ns 6Ee EM't882:2002 (usflaewexwe)

Mapxa flpunoxeuue
Mapxa llpunoxeuue
CuZn30Al3 KoncrpyrrueHn Aerat,tnu il apMarypl4
CuSnl 0 florpurun Ha BaroBe N gu6nu Korlena c
yAapH0 HaToBapBaHe CuZnBBPb2 Ko u crpyrrn an n Aer aiqnu, nare p u, Bryn-
Kr,u4 Apylt4 aHru$puruiro nuu Aeraft nu
CuSnl 0P1 CnnHo Haroeapent,i fierattnu Ha npeBoAHl'l
MEXAHil3M14 CuZn3TlVln3AlFe Apmarypa, KoHcrpyKTl4BHu gerat,tnu sa
B14C0Kr4 HaToBapBaHilfi
CuSnBPbl 5 llnusrau.ln narepn c BucoKo HanflfaHe
CuSnl 0Pb1 0 CuZn38Fe1Al1 Sn Apuarypa, BryflKu, narepil

CuSn3Znl 3Pb4 Anl,r xqr,to H H tn Aeratitnu CuZn40Mn3Fel fonemm oTnt4BKtI c MaJIKa croxHocr
Qpr.,r

CuSn42nTPb5 Apuarypa, perafrnn Ha luauilHl4 u BrynKu' CuZn33Pb2 KoHcrpyrrurnu Aerafinu, rcna, Aetalltttt
Hesa.qosont4renHa nSH0coycroilqu aocr 3a erieKTpoTexHnqecK[4 qefi u

flnugrault,r fiarepu CuZn40Pb1 0acoHuo neeHe, BTyJlKt4 3a caqMeHu tl

CuSnTZn4PbO
CuSni OZn2
ponK0Bu narepil

CuAl9Fe3 Apuarypa c ronqMa ffKocT, x0A0Bt4 Konera' fipuuep 3a ogHaqaBaHe Bbpxy tlepTexure:
gu6nm xonena, 6uPsomsuocBauu ce EN 1982-CuZnS3Pb2

nefattnU

CuAll0Fe4Ni4 tlacru, pa6oreu{u nPil noBuueHil

TeMneparypil Ta6nuua [1.31
tlnnaffiu anymuuueHw neapexu na 688 EN 1 706:1 999
[1pr,ruep 3a ogHa'{aBaHe Bbpxy ueprexilTe:
(usSneaenwc)
EN t9B2-CuAl9Fe3
Mapxa lTputoxeuue

Allt/ig5Si1 3a pagnnqHu AeKopaTfiBHu Aerailnu.

Ornusrure ce o6pa6orearlo6pe qpee pfi3aHe.
[o6pa ycrorauuBocT Ha Kop03t4R

Ta6tuua 11.29 AlSiTMg 3a flerar,tnn cbc cnoxHa $opua npu cpegHu

Gnaa\w megnu ge$opmupyetwu (Mecuneu) no HaToBapBaHMfi: qiln14HAp0B[4 rnaeu, 6yrana Ha
EEe 1 371A:1976 (usf,de..renue) cnupaqHu qnnilHAp14 r,r np, [o6paycrofrqneocr
Ha K0p03uq

Mapxa flpuaoNenue AlSil0Mg 3a roneuu u HaToBapeHn Aetailnu, qunuHApoBl4

rnaBn u 6nox0ee, cKopocTHl4 KyTt414, Kanaqu t4
CuZnl 0 11ilcrose, neHr,l
Rp, Ao6pa ycroftqueocr Ha KoPo3l4F
CuZn20 flucrose, neHTLI, TeIl
Atsi11 3a orroeopnu oTJI.MBKI4: nrb3faqn, peMbqHu
CuZn32 Jlucrose, JleHTu, Tefl, rPr6u, nPuron urara6n. Vcrot,tqueocr Ha Kopost4ff - lo6pa
Marepuan
AlSiSCu2 Tena Ha rap6yparopu, apMaTyp14 tl Ap.
CuZn20A:12 Tpu6r,r Ycror,iqueocr Ha Koposut - yAogflerBopilTefiHa

CuZn3SSn'l Il[cToee, rpr6u, npuroe MaTepl4an AlSi9Cu2 Tena u xanaqu Ha npeHocHl4 eneKTpnqecK'l t4

nHeBMaTUqHil MaUnHil r,r Ep, vcrottquBOCT Ha

CuZn23A1 6Fe3Mn2 Tpr6u, npurou Marepuan
Kopo3l4r - no6pa
CuZn36A1 3Ni2 ilpuron Marepilan, rPt6u, nPoSunu
3a6ercxxa: Cuqltre MapKn cnnaBu, o3HaqeHil [onbnHu-
CuZn36Fe1 Mn1 [lprroe Marepuar, TPu6u, Ter, . TerHo c (H), ca npeAHa3HaqeHu npegi4MHo 3a
npo$mu reeHe noA Hansraue. Ocrananure MapKu ca 3a
reeHe B flttcbqHl4 $oplltt 14 KoKl4Jll4'
['lpmn,tep sa o3HaqaBaHe Bbpxy qepTexure:
llpuuep 3a o3HaqaBaHe Bbpxy qepTexure:
CuZnS9Snl EilC 1 371 0:1 976
EN 1706-AlSiTMs

127
 IIMTEPAWPA
NI
1. AutoCAD 2000 User's Guide, Autodesk, 1999,
2. Buqeaa M., il. Pycroe, H.fluHoe, Ptroeogcrso 3a ynpaxneHur no aBToMarn3aqufl Ha qepToxHo-
KoHcrpyKTopcKr4r rpy[, C., BMEl4, 1996.
3. Kyprena C., K.ilanasrH, C.ilerKoea, C.CroflHoB, Puxoeo4creo 3a ynpaxHeHfifl n0 ,,TexHfiqecKo qepraHe H

craHAapru3aqr4fl", C., Texurara,'l989.

4. Kyprena C., M, Buueaa, f, flmHee. Texnnqecxo AoKyMeHTupaHe. CoQnpeftA, 1999.
I
5. fierKoea C., C,Croruoe, [0.nonosa, [.PycKoa, Purono4crso 3a ynpaxHeHufl 14 KypcoB!t 3aAaqu n0 ,,0cH0Bl4
Ha KoHcrpympaHe Ha MauJilHure - ll 9acr", C., Texnura, 1997. ll
6. Pyceea C., K.flanasrr, A,AraHacoe, C.flerxoaa, ECKI, CnpaaovHux no KoHcrpyKTopcKa goKyMeHTaqilfl, C,,
TexHuxa, 1987. t\
7. CaHgancru 6., M.ilonoa, C.BeHroB,OcHosu Ha KoHcrpyr4paHe Ha MauuHfiTe - ll uacr, C., ilapanarc,1997. \
8, CaHgancxu 5., M,Ilenapoe, H.KogxaHcKa, M.CtrMeoHoe, fl.PycKoB, Puronogcreo no pasMepeH aHar[3 lI
KoHcrpyKTopcKo opasMepfiBaHe, C,, BMEI4, 1984, V
9. CraHgapru lS0, 5[C.
vil

vtl

ilt
il
fll

KT

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128
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il. I430EPA3flBAHE l-lA CbEAt4HEHiln CbC CTAH[APTI43I4PAH[4 l43flEnilfi ........................ 7

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tv. fEoMETPl4tlHl4 fioflvcKil HA n0BbPXH[4HI/TE .....,.. ........". 13

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