learningkidunya.com Course: Non Broadcast Media (8622) Semester: Autumn, 2020 Level: B.Ed (1.5 Years) ASSIGNMENT No. 1 Q.1 Discuss the concept of Nonbroad cast media and also identify the factors affecting the media. ? ANS: Non-Broadcast Television Although broadcast television has lon| business, in terms of personnel, equipm actually the largest segment of the TV fil Included in the category is instit educational, religious, television, which is associat ‘orparate, ind avocational Institutional Video Video production audiences, has prove These include — management-empl effective tool fi in reaching ef Instructional videos are one public relations Mar y ie videos to explain policies or i em 707 marketing While the mass media may be a cost- weet of reaching a general oxi wie ee ag oe A edchip pore abou specialized products and servites; : = : instructional video In ive, Api ing Wes ability to keep employees up on. Fas Epo jor concem. Point-of-sale videos, often seen in the home improvement, make-up, clothing, and hardware departments of retail stores, are one example of this type of marketing. Institutional television has been particularly effective in seven areas: Re oe ee ee cd eylearningkidunya.com I where graphic feedback is necessary Seeing something firsthand is generally more effective than someone talking about it, This is particularly true when it comes to feedback on artistic work or athletic performance. 2. where close-ups are required to convey information The TV camera can make details and information obvious. It's possible to get cameras into hazardous and hard-to- to reveal information. This is especial medical television. 3, where subject matter can best te seen understood without the use 6 (speeded up) photography. 4. where visual effects such as a information Animated drawit a e can often make concepts el 5. when i’ necessa int ¥ ‘ Visidh can pull together and inter E vi noted in the secon 2 i s provide meanin, 6, where ie television, expr’. 7, when the time It's more co: cameras and then p Let's say a company i k iter pf designed to indoctrinate Te e its ts pol igSeGnd the various health and retirement plan 0} BY If 3,000 people view the video oh jeriod of 3 ye would be $5.00 per person. This can rep ee ings, in cost and manpower, compared to having — wearer" Presentation Formats isa rt ns wor Bd at Aad sn overhead projector or chalkboard. Without the array of attention-holding audio and video embellishments normally associated with television the success of this format rests entirely upon the skill of on- camera talent to hold audience attention. The only advantages of lecture format are Rese e-wastelearningkidunya.com that it's easy, fast, and inexpensive. the interview format Here a moderator interviews one or more experts on specific topics. Although it's the mainstay of documentary pro} reduce the talking head component by adding as possible, Keep in mind that while execut can come across as stilted and even in: ming, savvy producers strive to uch supplementary B-roll footage be éffective in their jobs, they the documentary approach Here, ENG te perspective of the corporation. used to cover a topic from the the dramatic format Althougt information, it's the most dema Probably the easiest form to p production will be aber 10 ove to try to find profe: 0 In commercial telewi¥i viewers regular "inte Since non-broadcast pr Bugera and variation must be introd sp bet Most viewers can't absorb more ute) ight information at a e-“eeTdication Q. 2 Discuss the nature an apd ota. Pad (HG atl Phe teachig earning process more effective in Pakistan. ANS: Education is necessary for everybody. Education is very vital, deprived of education no can lead a good life. Teaching and leaning are the important clement in education. The teacher use different approaches and substantial to teach their students and their active learning. With the passage of time, altered methods and techniques are entered in the field of education and teacher use different kind of aids to make effective learning. Visual aids arouse the interest of Be se ee ee ey eelearningkidunya.com learners and help the teachers to explain the concepts easily. Visual aids are those instructional aids which are used in the classroom to encourage students leaming process. According to Burton “Visual aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate and support leaning”. Kinder, §. James: describe visual aids as “Visual aids are any devices which can be used to make the leaming experience more real, more accurate and more active”. Visual aids are tools that help to make an issue or lesson clearer or easier to understand and know (pictures, models, charts, maps, videos, slides, e are many visual aids available these days. We may classify these ids are which use sense of vision are called Visual aids, For example :- mod i Obje i , flash cards, bulletin board, chalkboard, eahead projector etc. Out of these black board and chalk are the commonest ones. The oft ‘lasstoom instruction increases when prescribed a course to the class while co books) are constituted with too many intary resource for classroom stem, Visual aids are those 1g process and make it easier ffectiye and the best ¢ research areas did deliver quality integrate textbooks with aud course learning activities. V1 devices which are used in cla and interesting. Visual aids are dissemination of kne not have adequate tt education to their reasons why such that high schools u a resources sud gis m seen tha in * om i underresources greatly affected ti resources, schools ha The research also foun fling leaming resources for their teaching and did not Fesources from other schools. From this it can be concluded the schéol teaclters |: ‘time and proper equipment which they could no mihi school budget. As fetes the most popular teaching/learning text books, wall charts, atlases and of information for the students and teachers from other sources, This Rie has also shown that visual aids teaching/leaming resources tapes and radios were not them sone sols and there SEB? bd ane) Aaland stdens for teaching and leaning respectively. This research has also shown that the use of ICT and internet was not yet popular in high schools. The findings of the research has shown that there are very few teachers who are trained in the use of ICT, therefore, teachers in high schools are not able to discuss the types of software packages to be used in teaching in high schools, On the provision of teaching/leaming resources, the research revealed that it was the responsibility of individual Be oe ee ee Bcd eylearning kidunya.com schools to make such resources available to both teachers and students. It is hoped that this research has provided valuable information to other researchers who would want to further investigate the availability and use of teaching/leaming resources in the Dera Ghazi Khan institutions. The findings of this research are not only useful for teachers teaching in the schools, but also to the lecturers with allied field, especially those who are teaching learner teachers and students in the teacher training colleges, universities and other educational institutes. The findings may be serve es for teachers when implementing visual aids in teaching, as they want their studen yieoncentrdte on the lesson, by being aware of the expectations and needs in literature tea -achers know how to grab students” attention, teachers can provide a friendly.and atmosphere for the students to learn, This will encourage the students not to j ening and writing what the teachers told, said and provided in the Sinton, but the heir individual initiative to read what aresult, the teachers will ‘conduct an effective teaching ve been drawn; |- The mulatgs thinking and ‘anil substitutes e Np understanding of in the classroom. have more ample time to crea and leaning process. From research concluded that using ieee ie nm monotonous learnit the areas of leat 4- Students find vi ids Sess e jas so rect relation to the course content The é e and opinions on the use of vi resouree c +t teers opinions, perceptions, eqppriens . I =~ Q.3 A closed - cigepit Discuss. ? ‘O! ANS: ll ioe are often found disturl Parentfey? school going kids nts of gldggtbdm violence. This menace can be handled adeqt ope pair of monitoring eyes! It is the need of the hour that every up of CCTV cameras in the school premises particularly Ser haan how these prying eyes can avert undesired events wil en wtiCcaulion Technology has enabled us with the ability to be present everywhere. In this super busy world, it is not possible to be preset th a boon, We have listed belo some of he ky acne anon a LAE DT Keep stock of every event Security cameras largely help schoo! authorities to track each and every event that unfolds in the classroom. This can help more than the surprise visits from authorities. Discipline is no more an issue learningkidunywa.comlearningkidunya.com With the presence of CCTV cameras, discipline can be easily achieved. Whenever human minds are aware that they are being monitored throughout, they easily deter from engaging in hooliganism. t is the responsibility of the school authorities to strengthen the security in school premises with the string of security cameras. Teachers’ behaviour can be monitored In recent times, reports of students becoming victims of teachers’ barbarism has been on the rise. An effective way to curb this mey hers’ behaviour in the classroom. Important questions such as: how they! behave with children? All are answered with surveillance. This is an i rT Students are monitored individually There is always a bunch of unruly studen resort to bullying. The best way yo authorities can deal with the a better future for your kids. Help in investigation Although educatio: disturbing incidents and vandalism are : occurs in schools, of security camer: the parila le ae e a During Soa yy ne needless to Sey ces like death of students also tion, With the help that unfolded on es of, O) ti Soi Itis ons pyticking each and every moment. 5 ma a e i human eye cannot reach CCTV pes the-p id security system stringently, You can fee al PET ic follows a strong security and safety measures’ ie eo ‘system is not strong enough. Intruders and et cal Any kind of crime that if the accused slips away ‘in ht pen when it can be averted easly wit the belp of CCTV cameras, Whenever saidcnt is avium or & teicher tA victim the situation requires pay second time. For this it is neces cach he eed SOOT Helps avert ragging Ragging is unacceptable and immediate action must be taken whenever an incident of ragging is reported. The best way to deal with such undesired situation is by installing the security cameras everywhere is the school and college premises including the classroom, which can help to catch the accused in no time! Bese wwe tees Ie ted ay CoOlearningkidunya.com String of small lenses can free the society of heinous crimes which are regularly reported from the premises of schools. Schools being the warehouses of tomorrow's future need to be made safe. In order to maintain a healthy educational environment immediately install CCTV cameras! This essay has explored CCTV as a case study ofa technology that was marketed as a low-cost, in-house network of educational television prot s as an altemative to more 24 expensive options. Classroom technologies such as oy ave a lopg record of uneven results, particularly after the ‘bright promise way. As | noted earlier, CCTV was merely one technology of many that have bees ing the potential to revolutionize classrooms and learning. Many writers 1960s attempted to convince readers that CCTV could alleviate some of the p blems in the American educational system, such as understaffed and overcrowded class h the passage of time, educational in the everpresent but shift 18 : Falling behind their peers Sputnik-era calls for classrod science, and engine : to an increasingly om falling behind in math, and certainly by the 2000s, (0 destabilize the United States, avoidable o1 concerns continue to this day in the engigepsing, and mathematics (ST. 8 cilia igh- jands-on learning methods (Parker s, 2014). While hay ly a the factors that continue to dy) th f nnaldBies fo iogakpurposes, I have tried to sont inspire the discussion and NERS: 8), Inevitably the “brig pr ar these new media become ol 5 rical kas to be mined because they provide' . LikeGige” as long as these cycles continue, schola ndersta beng Be temporary environment that dictates ea ‘ a bee measures. The work in this essay is not meant to suggest i arding classroom technology. Not every technolog nsidere remembering that the textbook ‘was once upon a tim@grw@at i assno CT: as this one emphasize that the cdlaia) chi re the continued study of these new technologies as they are marketed as ‘quick fixes’ for complex seth iow PSHE SE7 SOB4TI Q. 4 Discuss how one can make multi-copies with the help of memographic? ANS: Stencil Duplicator or Mimeograph This type of duplicator is highly used in every business office. A stencil is cut by a typewriter or by hand. The stylus pencil is used to cut a stencil by hand. The matter is to be typed within the frame marked in the stencil. The stencil is to be cut directly with the letters. The mistakes and Bese ee ee Bc cd ey _learningkidunya.com errors are to be corrected by using correcting fluid. The correcting fluid will dry soon and after that the correct letter or word can be typed on it. The cut stencil is fixed in a duplicating machine. Duplicating ink is pasted on the surface of the cylinder of the machine. The cylinder is rotated still the ink spread over the rollers. There are two trays on each side of duplicator. One side tray carries the papers for taking copies and other side tray is used for keeping the copying papel The machine can be operated by hand’or by automatically feeded and leave the copy copies can be fixed (set). Then, the machi number of copies. The stencil is removed low. Advantages of Mimeograph 1. Up to 5000 copies can belfaker 2. Correcting fluid can be ust 3, The cost of stencil paper a 4. Stencils can be stored and If thé machine is switched on, the papers are latest models, the required number of tomatically after taking required uuse. The cost of the duplicator is very 5, The stylus pen i g 6. Photographic vert r i s, wi Gestetner, Risogra| hly aujomAted mimeograph- like machines that ally simila ofa mimeograph, called a digital dup i for stencil cutting, and a large if t ial ists of'a very thin polymer ste] and mounts and unmounts ‘as ety operate as a ‘range quantities, ar6pby almost entirely 0 he usediig’developing by nce can be hand- Uses and art a Mimeographs and Lal sir Paki e femtor process were both used extensively in were also commonly used for low-budget amatcur publishing, including club newsletters and church bulletins, They were serial Di Bh FE : ho used them extensively in the production of fanzines in cl SAN copying became inexpensive. Letters and typographical symbols were sometimes used to create illustrations, in a precursor to ASCII art. Because changing ink color in a mimeograph could be a laborious process, involving extensively cleaning the machine or, on newer models, replacing the drum or rollers, photocopier, The Although mimeo gra easier-to-use photocof in developed countries. countries because itis a sit learningkidunya.comlearningkidunya.com and then running the paper through the machine a second time, some fanzine publishers experimented with techniques for painting several colors on the pad. Q. 5 Explain the role of V.C.R/V.C.P in distance education. ANS: The cooperative participants can use the VNC virtual desktop to share and control the server's desktop. Recently, there have been few attempts to add video or audio mechanism to IIL REAL-TIME TRANSPORT PR is changing: Static content is giving way to streaming video, text is being repla and the spoken word, and interactive audio and video is becoming snore \ges require new applications, and they be done when implementing fulfill the basic principle of .» Several researches nat the b ows and the Internet communication to ce thi many tools [5]. Regardless of the t Buin which are [6]: . The VCR - Its Applic In Education Repetition. No viewed as man: may learning mot vena format. Flexibylyy Of convenient to extent where cl without undue intel educational concept shown at the ‘teachable the institution to provide an re Video Timer This Seomnie a Ne bui @ tape library will help ips as well as leamer. tself at a pre-selected time schedule and to stop the end of the programme, without the presence of the teacher- operator, who may ‘n be programmed for up to 14 days in 70 a can start recording an educational programme of some importance during th~ week~nd, S~OPIi recordin~ at the end of the programme, rewing ht t ay hes Itsclf off automatically. Inbe eat of s power ot Moon Shida ee ns boon ae Record/Monitor This enables the VCR to record the same programme viewed off-air. Subsequent groups may utilise the recorded programme later at a suitable time and place. Another special feature is the ability of the recorded to record a programme on one channel while the TV set is engaged in receiving a programme on an adjacent channel. Preview A key feature in the utilisation of the VCR for education. A teacher is able to preview the content of Re =e wee es Be ted ey = _ COElearningkidunya.com the programme sent to him on tape before it is shown to the students. Altematively, the teacher could view a programme off-air and simultaneously record it on tape. The recorded programme could be shown at a later time after the teacher has prepared himself with sufficient introductory approaches to the lesson and adequate post-lesson activities and exercises on the topic. The Role of the Teacher ven a number of classes, In mediated dco cassettes) the role of the teacher is to minute detail and presenting them to a si instruction, using various kinds of medi al can be efttiche gpped up to a higher achievement level. Mi i te a nged for this media machine in his vt Hewill fi ri r peneral cule lance on the performance of the and H na of m ical fitness, He will have to play the role ofthe ed objectafs of mediated instruction and ible ally few educators in this p1 il, will be his role as the vital iGranaip tional value and instructionakeap. abili a k ice is not to sit and wonder whi te id methods to. make the most bee d ie ion Video equipment are cost] iM eads deteriorate after their normal life television. Everything ti do with videotape. From our’ pe more versatile: provides for multiple camera recordings a an possible: playback is immediate and production proc dl . time ct ey The time is not too distant when no educational} 0 Tae and an ample stock of pre TEE: of interest to both students and teachers, The subject contents may very oe complicated laboratory experiments to the silkscreen printing pr rR: efovenine athletics. With an added advantage of "hbtee ela aa ay aad economical manner and together with other media materials the schools will be able Video Cassette Technology 71 to set up a rich collection of reference materials at their institutional levels, In these modem times, utilisation of electronic machines has come to stay as.a way of life and the educational importance of some of these machines is something which educators cannot ignore. It is hoped that the impetus and enthusiasism for the video cassette recorder will not wither away with fo the versatility of pasthcine film, he can now Bese ee re cd ey ee _learningkidunya.com time, but instead gather greater educational momentum and get to stay embedded in the day-to- day transmission of experiences and knowledge to the young and developing minds in the school classroom - that nursery of knowledge. As new technologies, both radio and television stimulated considerable excitement among educators who saw them as opportunities to reach vast audiences with educational content. Browning (1985) notes, for example, that in 1931 the general view from Extension was that radio was an educational tool for Extension while er technology (newspapers) was useful only for publicity. This view, of course, chang i. and more recently television, came to be viewed as primarily entertainment. ouraging finding in this study is that rental of video cassettes is positively rel stin Extension topics. This finding provides some optimism that with careful selection Extension can develop an effective means of delivering education, jected segments of its audience. But, if effiteducational tool for Extension, it must be evaluated with earey Thi audiences-the wrong decisions BS Education 0345-7308411 learningkidunya.com