Element Crust. Granite Basalt Shale Seawater o 46.4 108 28.2 x 108 8.2 x 10 5.6 X 108 4.1 X 108 24x 108 2.3 x 100 2.1 Xx 108 Ti 5,700 H 1,400 P 1,050 Mn 950 Fr 025 Ba 425 sr 35 8 260 c 200 te 165 v 135 a 130 cr 100 Rb 0 150 30 140% 01g Ni Hy 0.5 150 95 0.002 an. 70 40 100 80 0.01 Ce er sit ast 50 32x 10+ cu 55 10 100 8 0.003, Y 33 40 25 30 0.0003 Na Py 35° 20" py 92x La 25 40 10 40 12X10" Co 25 1 48 20 0.0001 Se 2 5 38 10 0.00008 i 20 30 10 60 or N 20 20 20 60 05 Nb 20 20 20 20 0.00001 Ga 15 18 2 1s* 0.00003 ¥D 1.9 2 2 Ea 000003 B 0 B 5 100 46 Th 9.6 7 22 nl 0.00008 Sm Tat oat 53° 65 LT X10-* Ga Tat oat 5.3* 65 24X10 Pr 6.5% Bt 40° 5 26X10 Dy 5.2% Tt 3.8* 45 29X10" Yb 3 3.8" at 3 2.0 x 10-*Element Crust, Basalt Shale Seawater Ht 3 4 2 6 Gs 3 5 i a 0.0005, Be 28 5 05 3 6x 10-7 Er 28 3.8" 21t 25 24x 10-6 u 27 48 06 32 0.003 Br 25 1s 36 6 co Sn 2 3 1 6 0.0008 As Ls Ls 2 66 0.003, Ge 1s Ls 1s 2 0.00006 Mo Ls 2 1 2 0.01 w Ls 2 1 2 0.0001, Ho 15* 1.9" Lat i 8.8 x 107 Eu 12 1 ost ‘ 46x 10-7 Tb as 15 ost 09 Lu ost it o.6* OT 48x 107 Tm 0.25" 03" 2 025 5.2.x 107 I 05 05 05 1 0.06 1 0.45, 0.75 on 1 <0.00001 ca 02 02 02 03 0.00011, Sb 02 02 02 1s 0.0005, Bi ow os os oo 0.00002 In OL o1 o1 0.05 <0.02 Hg 0.08 0.08 0.08 o4 0.00008 Ag 0.07 0.04 on o1 0.00004 Se 0.05 0.05 0.05 06 0.0004 Au, Pt metals, Re, and Te are less than. 0.05 ppm in rocks and less than 0.00001 ppm in ‘seawater. Concentrations of inert gases in seawater: He, 5 X 10-* ppm; Ne, 0.0001 ppm; ‘Ar, 08 ppm: Ke, 0.0003 ppm; Xe, 0.0001 ppm. ‘Sources: For crust, granite, and basalt, data chiefly from 8. R, Taylor, Abundance of, chemical elements in the continental erist, Geochim. ef Cosmochim. Acta, vol. 28, pp. 1280-1281, 1964. Values marked with asterisks from KK, Turekian and KH, Wedepobi, Distribution of elements in some major units of the earth's erust, Geol. Soe. America Bull, vol. 72, p. 186, 1964. For shale, data from A. P. Vinogradov, Srednive soderzhaniya himicheskkikh lementov v glavaykh tipakh jzverzhennykh gornykhporod zeminoi kory, Geothinina, vol. 196 pp 30-96; few vals (marked with ssterita) fom Turkian Stud Welepunt, Yor seawater, dacs from J. F. Riley and t. Skierow (eds), "cnemicet ‘Occanography," vol I, pp- 164-165, Academic Press Inc, New York, 1965 (table com- piled by ED. Goldberg) ‘Notes: The heading “rust” means the continental crust only, and this part ofthe crust sd to be made up of roughly equal parte of basalt and granite. “Shale” includes lays a8 well as shales, but not the fine-grained sediments of the deep sea. “‘Sea- water" is normal surface water with a ehlorinity of 19%