19 Performance-based Navigation (PBN)

Fixed radius transition (FRT)

To be used* with en-route procedures

It falls upon the RNP system to create it

between two route segments

These turns have two possible radii, 22.5

NM for high altitude routes (above FL 195)
and 15 NM for low altitude routes. Using
such path elements in an RNAV ATS route
enables improvement in airspace usage
through closely spaced parallel routes

* The “Concept of Use” of FRT is currently

being evaluated by ICAO, who is carefully Figure 19.14
addressing promulgation, airspace design
and avionics capabilities aspects, among
others. No State has published yet any ATS Routes that require the FRT function.

FB/FO Path Terminators Fixed Radius Paths Off/Hold

Many aircraft have the capability to fly a path parallel to, but offset left or right from, the
original active route.

Offset Flight Path

The purpose of this function is to enable offsets for tactical operations authorized by ATC.
Capability for the flight crew to specify a lateral offset from a defined route (generally in
increments of 1NM to 20 NM)
19
Performance Based Navigation (PBN)

Figure 19.15

24