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1. INTRODUCTION
Wind is air in motion relative to the surface of the earth. The primary cause of
wind is traced
to earth�s rotation and differences in terrestrial radiation. The radiation effects
are primarily
responsible for convection either upwards or downwards. The wind generally blows
horizontal to the ground at high wind speeds. Since vertical components of
atmospheric
motion are relatively small, the term =wind� denotes almost exclusively the
horizontal wind,
vertical winds are always identified as such. The wind speeds are assessed with the
aid of
anemometers or anemographs which are installed at meteorological observatories at
heights
generally varying from10 to 30 metres above ground.
Wind has two aspects. The first a beneficial one, that its power can be used to
generate
power, sail boats and to cool down temperature on a hot day. The other a parasitic
one, that it
loads any and every object that comes in its way. The latter is an aspect a civil
engineer is
concerned with, since the load caused has to be sustained by the structure with the
specified
safety. All civil and industrial structures have thus to be designed to resist wind
loads.
Buildings are defined as structures utilized by the people as shelter for living,
working or
storage. As now a days there is shortage of land for building more buildings at a
faster growth
in both residential and industrial areas the vertical construction is given due
importance
because of which Tall Buildings are being built on a large scale.
Wind in general has two main effects on the Tall buildings:
? Firstly it exerts forces and moments on the structure and its cladding
? Secondly it distributes the air in and around the building mainly termed as Wind
Pressure
Wind load on a Tall building can be determined by:
? Analytical Method given in the code IS 875: part 3-1987 which is given by
A.G.Davenport.
? Estimation of Wind Load through Wind tunnel testing with a scaled building mod