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    125 views29 pages

    Carrier Tables & Heat Load Forms

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    Joshua Phillip Austero Federis

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    ‘sneer. awe oF 108 LOCATION, Pace URED Fon SOLAR @ TRANS. GAIN—WALLS & ROOF Twa ere wa se Fr CONDITIONS. | ovrwoon oA? oon (RM) eae lexeixxxig ‘OUTDOOR AIR com ventvearion wa, so Fr x cmtce_—__reer x oor as ry ce -_ oor Sunt softs x FW OUTOOOR_AR THRU APPARATUS ies, ‘TRANS, GAIN—EXCEPT WALLS & ROOF ? "APPARATUS DEWPOINT nu Guase x Evreerwe Roow Sens Hear Paar irvecrive Rou Tora Meat ~~ coum EFFECTIVE ROOM LATENT HEAT. EEPECTIvEe ROOM TOTAL HEAT ‘OUTDOOR AIR HEAT erm cre GRANO TOTAL HEAT ‘Lape | morcareo sor fF __stuccreo spr =F ‘DEMUMIDIFIED AIR QUANTITY or xc, Fee a ee regen Roow St 0 ea eae oo Comes | RESULTING ENT & LYG CONDITIONS AT APPARATUS | coe | tare Se ret —taeot = tee? pF +8 X Tay F = Tear —F = Tao FROM PSYCN. CHART: Yooy——_—F. Towa —F ton ores Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 1. Building Survey And Load Estimate a "sate nereneices | ‘ants nerenences Gitte | Teer 'Bhe | Faeroe Esme ro SOLAR GAIN—GLASS Teel ates | sone SHEE 3 ane | SOLAR © TRANS. GAINWALLS © ROOF srx( Te | huis) sort nes ol ‘TRANS. GAIN—EXCIPT WALLS © ROOF ns cute rx wet paieeet TRON A TAT NPAT w hes — Erm APPARATUS DEWPOINT soe | moicaren pp =F “serecreo wor = oe DDEMUMIDIFIED AIR QUANTITY i ae [RESULTING ENT © LVG CONDITIONS AT APPARATUS os aE x at pearls ees Pearle seat eam SFFECTIVE ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT S| LATENT HEAT SMR Gan carnaariatla as PSRRar eythane me ae cee amas [LES = | sz |r| | le f Fic, 1-AiR CONDTONING Loap ESTIMATE Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 3, Heat Storage, Diversity And Stratification ‘TABLE 14-TYPICAL DIVERSITY FACTORS FOR LARGE BUILDINGS (Apply to Refrigeration Capacity) TYPE OF DIVERSITY FACTOR APPLICATION, People Lighis ‘ree 75 10-90 701 85 Apartment, Hotel | 400 60 3010.50 Deparment store | 8010 90 9010 1.0 Industial 85 10 95 80 0.90 Equation: Cooling Load (for people and lights), Btu = (Heat Gain, Stuhr, Chapter 7) 2 (Storage Factor, Table 12) X(Diversty Factor, above table) “A diversity factor should also be applied tothe machinery load Refer to Chaptor 7. Use of Table 14 ~ Typical Diversity Factors for Large Buildings The diversity factors listed in Table 14 are to be used as a guide in determining a diversity factor for any particular application. The final factor must necessarily bbe based on judgment of the effect of the many Variables involve. STRATIFICATION OF HEAT There are generally two situations where heat is stratified and will reduce the cooling load on the air conditioning equipment: 1, Heat may be stratfied in rooms with high ccolings where air is exhausted through the roof or calling, 2. Heat may be contained above suspended celings with recessed lighting and/or celing plenum return systems The first situation generally applies to industrial applications, churches, auditoriums, and the like. The second situation applies to applications such as office buildings, hotels, and apartments. With both cases, the basic fact that hot air tends to rise makes it possible to stratily load such as convection from the roof, ‘convection from lights, and convection from the upper Par ofthe walls. The convective portion of the roof load is about 25% (the rest is radiation); the light load is about 50% with fluorescent (20° with incandescent), ‘and the wall transmission load about 40%. In any room with a high ceiling, a large part of the convection load being released above the supply air stream wal stratify at the ceiling or roof level. Some will bbe induced into the supply air stream. Normally, about 80% is stratified and 20% induced in the supply air. If air is exhausted through the ceiling or roof, this convection load released abovethe supply air may be subtracted from the air conditioning load. This results in a large reduction in load ifthe aris to be exhausted. It is not nomally practical to exhaust more air than necessary, as it must be made up by bringing outdoor air through the apparatus. This usually results in a larger increase in load than the reduction realized by ‘exhausting air Nominaly, about a 10 F to 20 F tise in exhaust alr ‘temperature may be figured as load reduction if there is ‘enough heat released by convection above the supply air stream, Hot air stratiies at the ceiling event with no exhaust but rapidly builds up in temperature, and no reduction in load should be taken where air is not exhausted through the celling or roo. ‘With suspended cellings, some of the convective heat from recessed lights flows into the plenum space. ‘Aiso, the radiant heat within the room (sun, lights, people, etc.) striking the celling warms it up and causes heat to flow into the plenum space. These sources of heat increase the temperature of ir in the plenum space which causes heat to flow into the underside of the floor structure above. When the ceiling plenum is used as a return air system, some of the return air flows through and over the light fixture, carrying more of the convective heat into the plenum space. Containing heat within the ceiling plenum space tends to “flatien’ both the room and equipment load. The storage factors for estimating the load with the above conditions are contained in Table 12. 40 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 4, Solar Heat Gain Thru Glass TABLE 15—SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU ORDINARY GLASS (Contd) 10° Btu/the) (2g sash area) 10° i NORTH LaTiTuDE | AM SUN TIME Pa [16 SOUTH LATITUDE Tine Ye 7[e[e Po] n fro]: [2 © [peers [Tine of Your “tel alalal alata TT gent St EH 3] cs] 2] se] 3) 4 3) Sothee sabes el seL aL i | a] ie | és Say ea Shear JUNE 21 ell 3l ala alle P| Now vec 2 ABA 1a | Nett Sea asa set te] il is] ta] | os| oe Ba can ss [ior] aa aes 38] a [2 | 08 | ites Sra Spay eat +) oe Baal ale] B] ape] | Satan sur 2 Selig ial Se] SL | als | ee Jan a1 See Aken a ep al al el [al vy Nene * Hs | Netheast Mar 21 BP ay et wet nov 21 Tif 3] tal ist az sel rer | Seutheest i oo] sal alo asd] as [28h 33 S| Rete SBP RL ey uy ey aT ca Sfas{ ial eel os] is] a os | Seetoent ave 24 tag glisgiee| del te] iL is | gs ree 20 ee Reta 5 Tela] al alo el is "| nem * att al ie 3 al f ark to ae Spee Wa oct a aa al B[itr fs | 3] a | Seaton aa sos ser at3 a] asl ior || sal 2 | tao et at it fey at ett s & Fe sem #4 is HA cL tl ee MAR 22 tt SH iitear 2 : x u ey | Nem ‘ $ is 2 | i] fea wan 22 aa se ee sera $ tale | 1 | Sechwwnt fi 209 asf ast [5 S|] eos STap orate att ee sf a] al al a ey e]S] Shaan oct ssl shel al is] ie 3] 61 ge Arn 20 aap ep eep a ae Street + ele et el a B| ve] a] peek . sL tel 1 Sl tal al 1h] S| Netteest an Sea ae ae aus tel al stale He] 3 | Sethe | | sel 0 28 ate [oto 5] 3 | Sutton aay ay sy eye ayo] sea sal el al ep] at t] 8] Satan Nov 21 nl ma] aol tel ie io] es way 21 her +3 +13 Rar 2 | ae] vee] ee [oe alo] nom * 12] 17) 31} 70 | ios 3310 | North sania Saas oe uy a BT Bt las 2) 8 | Fehon 3] 32 aoe to [aes | | fawn iz] 3] 14] 4/0] South a] 3] i 1) S| Siw gol | s| S| ee ahh 3 ithe vee at | tal se) 3| Nem June 21 SL sol aes ae Boal il is ve] 8 | Seats Remora | v2o| or] vo] aed fod] ved fide] 2] te | @ | Som Stel Sah mn Dep Davpeint segue | SLES asriade | oagante From 7 F | tneets om 07 oration | x Naser iar | mss (a per tooors | DSS pcre” | MEE pera? bola Face Values — Mowhly Moimuns Bored Vans — Yery masimurs 45 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 4, Solar Heat Gain Thru Giass TABLE 15—SOLAR HEAT GAIN THRU ORDINARY GLASS (Contd) 20° Bru/(h) (ag ft s0sh area) 20° 20° NORTH LATITUDE: aM SUN TIME PM 20° SOUTH LATITUDE Tine of Year © [7 [2 [os [ool proc] [2 [2 [4] [6 | cronre [Tine of Your 7 s[ a] et 2] shen 2 | South AY ty aT Ag) a) 5 | Southeast ate tliat ial ial 3] En nay et te Prep aay ep ie Nena JUNE 21 3] 9 tel ie] tel te] 2 3 | Noah Dec 22 rile fait a} sf a} 2} 26] Northwest | cd Tare Tras 160 Pose at] Week 3/3 5 |e] o> [122] 14s [ise] at | Sorthwest uf so 250 {32 | a6 | 74 131 11 | Horizontal 7 pe 4 720] South it] it 3 | Southeost guy 23 15 | ig is a] Eee JAN 21 iT 4 te 3] Nesiioasr * 3 "4 3 | Noa . & ib L May 21 te 1 HWE Nov 21 a] 8 t 11 | Southwest al ss at 3 ep 0 v4 e sft 4 2 Aus 26 lia le > FEB 20 yt 7 a 215 FA 2 a ‘Apr 20 r+ if Sr oct 23 2] 3 A EH sla 27 5 oy 6 4 ° 3] 3 it ° ser 2 Aa “ 2 MAR 22 oy cs > QO Ai 6 ° * 6 f ° MAR 22 oye tr ° sert 22 ° a ° 8 153] 198 | 295] 233 8 > 12 4 ° 8 % a ° ocr 23 8 i a 8 APR 20 > Te 7 + 2 o 8 um 3 . 6 2 i Fen 20 ° 7 tepseptoop ier pier] a} o Aue 24 ° iH ie PSL aL Male] 8 8 ia zea fice for [iar] se] te] ofa 1 7 Dp ry ef 3] © 8 | 2 le 3 bf] nf ef} a} e Novat O15 1 ub Blut et ite MAY 2 OPT peep tee tt ters} 4] 6 . | 26 | 4 [too vat [38 [23 foo | | ae | 8 2 ol ti 31 {13s | ita [ies [ies | 3 |S JAN 2 oT tT 7 arp pep oye uty 23 0] 3 " BL i] a] [ae] a] 8 of 3) ha vo |i77 sas [ror | 481 “5 | 0 oO; 7 Tr 7 apt 7, apo 8 | a a Bluf a alo se Lite liar se] ge] at ul t] 3] 6 OP Soyo ferd sep ae ar To pec 22 o [frets |abartea lib hil 2] a] 6 JUNE 21 oy Tes a apis [uey se] 0} Wak o| 2 hfe ele 2{'i2 "te | ts | 8 | Southwest oe] tf ef cfs fist tine fost fs | oa | Se] S| 8 | Hertel > “Altede rexpsint Dewpoint es _ —- Decrease From 67F | Increate Fre 15% Man) | 0.2% per 100064 Spertoe | | MES ea Bold Face Veisos — Morthy Maximums _Bosad Values — Yoatly waximurt 46 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures sot: 6 15=90F eg xan 3, coms ‘Average dl ange in Now Oars ‘Suna dean ry bl fe New eae 13 og F (able 1, ge 1) = OS ab (Table, page 11) ‘The cesgncterenceof0 cag Fad 81.69 Faby range reut -115 Winter eg dry-aulo fr Hew voans 9 Fedton to te etait emperste dere, by rel a =20F do (Tate 1 page 11) Table 208, Yea eng = 7 dag F auNlen tperstr lronces for 12 in. bck wan Naw Oat 12 ‘Corseton nue eg ampere for November a oon a Nove yesny rang of 75 0 F At orvest wa sun AGF Table 3, page 19) £1 (Table 194915245 d00F Cutcoo dein ry bl tapers Novenber at 3m ‘TABLE 19-EQUIVALENT TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE (DEG F) FOR DARK COLORED , SUNLIT AND SHADED WALLS" Based on Dark Colored Wals 95 F db Outdoor Design Temp: Constant a0F db Reom Temp: 20 deg F Daly Range: 24-hour Operation; duly and 40N. Lal} WaGHTS SIN TIE weosure| oF WALL ca sot EDP eh EEE ELT a 20 seal lelel) ef] )) to op at | Netheast} 60 2) sffola} half] ef] if o|-1 100 3} fff ef of fof ala 1} of ss a0 Stel ele el os hill ola ell ol > BP opehspepspebt el spell lao opps Fost 80 |] ofesofofaf befall af fl ats} a] 5] 00 of en eof of felch ela ff 2 2] 140 __|sffoh of ofa ofa a al fl lfc 23 fof op spstetslsbelabalsll =p] fe] <[2]o a ba = soatreast| 60. Jf Pella] fof fff sfecferfcf off el a3 3] 2 100 ff fed clef e a el slo fof fof of off 140 stall stl ell afl olff _o Ppp | tebetedolad=| eff es ]2 Tad tof sour | 60 fs} ff fr Labsbsd eden] lof ol oe [+2] af of of a vo Add adsledededefelal bal ofa a 2 Papepetl delebebebebadeye|=pp el LP p Toby Southwest] 60 Yel of obs fe] fala 2a sfooof offs} af ef af 3 100 P15] ofs]ef | fclsel sll of af afr 20 PabsPepap ops] ufofpoh spell de] |e] 0) of + Wiest Py Yeh oh f el rfat aos fff fof os} af 3b 3} 2 100 A} ef chef e| rf len leferfelofedcb fof of s40__fofsff of fs] 6] fe lf all lolol olela ala 2 PPEoPap o>] 6[of af sbelalebal ull] «2 of Pa] 2] Notrwest] 60. Lat aba) o| 2] fof 5] e) a sos neem | 60 Pabst ala] [se] 3]o] fotnfe sfo)ed fal oad tsrace) | 100 YP ofofofofo| 2] ] |] elsfelet ad atal + va EEE EE EE EEE lets auaton Het Gan Tu Ws, Bue = Pea 59) X easter emp i X Cranes cowie U ables 24h 25) er cinerconins, rere conectens on page ‘Frog persa it values or common yes of cansicten a sein Table 21 Bu 25 For wat constr ess han 2089, Ue a va 20 62 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures: A, for west wall in shade sa ft of wa = 120 fsa (Fable 21) = 0 (rable 19) 11.5= 11 5dog F No correction is needed forthe ime of day; tis is accounted fo in Table 19. ~11.5 dea F as cowrected (Table 19 and 204) 4.5 dog F 5 corrected (Table 19 and 208) ‘The correct fr eiferent solar intensity is 16 Stun (Table 15, page 44) R, R, R, ALL Fe (Al At) BE Ala BEY Ay R= 164 Blur (Table 16, page 44) 116. At = 115+ 28545-54115) 16.5 deg F (Novemder , 12 Noor) ‘TABLE 20-EQUIVALENT TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE (DEG F) FOR DARK COLORED. SUNLIT AND SHADED ROOFS* Based on 95 F db Outdoor Design Temp: Constant 80 F db Room Temp: 20 deg F Dally Range; 24-hour Operation; July and 46 N. Latt or SIN TE conor | oF oor} Pi ar Ton _| wean [eT eee eet ysl = v0 ed lotefselsblletol la) yy Beosed | 20 Poh ef effof fof laff] of 4) 2 © a [a] aff} fel fe] of Sin wo | fafa ef foc ee ao __talal ff sso Taare | aT df Fabeletelel a) 1 Ppp at = oy a [ai] reff fff of of ab Papal soayeo| 40 |). rl fof sf of of sf af of ob 1 otal aff al a fl f ef al of fof snosea | 40 fall afsfetsf| of ef 4 ob spa os wo fa] Lol il ol ol af al af sf of sda Pa STE Equation: Heat Gain Thru Roofs, Buf = (Area, sqft) x (equivalent temp dif) x wansmission coefficient U, Tables 27 or 2) “with atc vetlatod and coting insulated oot, reduce equivalent temp cif 25% For peaked rots, use the root area projected on a horizontal pane. ‘For other condition, refer to corrections on page 64. {F*Weight per sq 1 values fr common types of construction ar iste in Tables 27 or 28. a Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures ‘TABLE 208-CORRECTIONS TO EQUIVALENT TEMPERATURES (OEG F) DESI FoRwoNTH IPM DALY RANGE (000) ns OM TEMP wa [stele tape [esl @ [|e [e[ ole [ele a 20 | an} so] | a | as | ae [as | 0 | Sr | a | | 0 | Ss |e | S| Se a0 || ao | 21 | ze] 20] | | 25] 2r | 20 | zo] 0] a | Se | | 3 s[-ap-sf-e]-7]-af-9] ofr, a2] a3] ese] ve Le ao [sf ofesf tab ap ats] 26] 2a [Me] "ef sof ss | 2 | 3 | 0 | 6] sf af al als] of-s]-2[-a] alos} e] 7-2] -3 zo |wtool of ef rf] af stat staf sf ol sf atcala 2 [we[s[u| al etn sya{~|s}s| «fat ayy oe x |afafrefrslrtielas| |i 2fsf ool af al a] a] s 35 | ef as|as| asa] af ao| i) ila fil ssf ula] | a| wo oo |xlolalalelslslalalolalolelalvlulis Corrections to Equivalont Temperature Diferences in Tables 19 & ‘Aly = equivalent temperature ciference for same wall or oof in 20 for Conditions Other Than Basis of Table shade at desired time of day, corrected it necessary for 1. Outdoor Design Temperature Minus Room Temperature Greater design conatons oF Less Than 15 deg F db, andlor Daly Range Grester or Less Al, = equivalent temperature diference for wall or foot ‘Tan 20 60g F a ‘exposed to the sun for desired time of day, comectod i |Add the comections Usted in Table 208, where the outdoor ‘necessary for design condtons. design temperature (Table 1, page 10) minus the room or indoor sign temperature (fable 4, page 20) 's diferent fram 15 deg F ‘db, othe daly range i ferent fom the 29 deg F db on wich Table 19 and 20 are based, This corrcton is to be applied to both equivalent temperature sifference values, exposed to sun an shaded walls or root 2. Shaded was For shaded wals on any expesure, use the values of equivalent Temperature diference listed for norh (shade), corected it necessary as shown in Correction 1 3. Latitudes other than 40° North and for other mons wih diferent soar intonsies. Tables 19 ond 20 valves are approximately ‘corect fo the east or west wall in any latiude curing the hotest ‘weather. In lower latitudes when the maximum solar alitude Is 20° to 90° (the maximum occurs at noon}, the temperature sitference fr sither south or noch walls approximately the same as a north or shade wall. See Table 18 for solar altude angles. The temperature diferenal At, for any wall facing or ot and for ay latitude fr any month is approximated as follows: R, AL, R, an=a+ an ay= Be a M=Bt+ $F Ate AL)= FE Alar ( R, where a = equivalent temperature diference for month and ume of day desired. = maximum soar heat gain in Su) (sq) thru glass for wall facing ¢ horizontal for roots, for month and latitude desired, Table 15, page 44, or Table 6, page 28. = maximum solar heat gan in Btul(sq f) thr glass for wall facing or horizontal fr roof, for July at AO North latitude, Table 15, page 44, o Table 6, page 29. Example @iustrates the procedure, 4, Light or mectum color wal or rot ght color wal or oo: agate Blan at) sean asa, Medium color wal or oot dette (Oras Ay 18 ge 228%, vere [AL = quilt tampa enc for mont nd tine toy ested. lg = ecihalen epertie conc rs wal oon Shove ot date Ue of ey, cored I exec or esi conions At, = exhale emparire ence or wal or fot ‘exposed to the sun for desired time of day, corrected i necessary for design conditions Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures TABLE 21—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U—MASONRY WALLS* FOR SUMMER ANO WINTER Bru/{he) (sq ft) (deg F temp dif A mobs proves nate weght pe gf Teel wel per af mo wal and T INTERIOR FINISH xretion rs 7 ee lw we Tt Wt | sana) uty atta | saad | Foner?) Ree Pane) Petula) “tay | “ta Tous twee t T focoa | 9107) “ a | 1 mw law wv | Cmon a a oj! 3h 2 8 FR a iu 3 Bs) 0 Wi BM common | 9 00 | a pa asl wow asa ote 2 a OF | #13 wa) 3s) BNR Hy hos | | ‘STONE T | | jsuom] 3s “3 | oe 4 as 32 as] 3s | a | 2 oe OG D ies) 2 21S fe Re FB fas Boot |feaeh|ptsaptiptnsee coe|eerale wat) se ata i | | = ‘oowe woes Ta) Be 3 on ence atte noo oR a Pours $70) 3 are i Concerts wo w/e | 8 sh x OR v retin BF ” [i fret 3 ot ob 4 xz 6 (ao) mn 2 M4 EFA] sowie | 21) fe "3 (ea) was u ia fee md fe Teas To ay oF ota, 2 Re setwjeen (10 23) 2 9 ia 2 ed a HOLLOW ‘Send & | 8 (43) 30 ET) 2 a Soncatre onan hee 12 0h 2s Ee Stocks | : e7) 3 [as ae as intr how 12533 x13 ob oR os (2) Be may as lowe age 12 fa BR FN OM aucco on 1 aca Noow‘car me 18 kay Rea a esas te Boh OB 1950 ASHAE Guide Equotions: Meat Goin, Bufty = (Aree, 19 4) x (U vole) x ( Heat loss, Bv/nv = (Aree, 2a ft) X (U vole] X lovtdoor temp — imide temp “For addition of ination and cir spaces to above well reter to Table 31, page 75. Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures. JANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U-MASONRY VENEER WALLS* FOR SUMMER AND WINTER Btu/{hr) (sq ft) (deg F temp diff) eves indicate weight par aq f. Tote weight per aa ft swum of wall ond Fisher INTERIOR FINISH | ia maet | aypten or | | met | gree | rasa | “ronersd oreo | cttenme | See oa | fea Pw oe eee | fee | Nigel | ste un | stout | (3) | BP | nase) pout) eve) Powe | Cones | et) | aay | ap asa oe FS eee SS |temeeraen) its) | | oe | ron 3) as | (wr age) 8 (32) - | ta rr ere aia Gh, eal rrr Ay el 79) 2 sti z aia 2 “tar Samra oho ny 4 tie a8 rrr “ ry ae as i ao} ae) a) asa eee ema ei leeard meen core eee es eon Gaba IE | oo ain | ap ee 2 ae | 2 Ro BOR % eB wa, 2) x 8 BR % ee halt cas (eae ee yas fea rset (fees merase zo oR OR metal ood eessk sr cs toes BOR ow -o— 406) 6 a a5 32) 6 me 23 a9 oon ese (ime eecep measles So ttf seh viel cn eo [enews aaa] a2 ae ao ae 2 7 [aries st] 3 % Bb % "s fecveceneaa [Ke toed lets ft oofe| se ers ee u tt A’ Concrete | (Sand & 4a 50 4s 2 23 17 tects! | rtd) soa | we | te} zB oY end Agen wl 3 2] 8] Ss Hot Stns Common Brick | 4 (40) A? 7 40 ow 26 7 ay M6 sone (00) io] 3 2 |] # BF OR ee 1958 ASHAE Guid vivolent temp dif, Tele 19) 1a AD X (U value) X foutdoor temp — iid 11 to wall, rafer to Table 3, me) 7s 67 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures, TABLE 23—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U—LIGHT CONSTRUCTION, INDUSTRIAL WALLS"? FOR SUMMER AKO WINTER Bru/hr) (sq ft) (deg F temp dif) ‘A mumves in porethees indicate weight per sq Total weigh per is um of wall and fisher. senaoa roar [ aoe oe | co on ee wee me a5 a meee ee | | Ey ae 1 ate oe ag es es Stee eee eee imams = = = a= = | ae ae meas esses es a fs |» |» | a | # 1938 ASHAE Guide font temp it, Tobe 19) Heot Lou, Bv/ir = (Aree, 99M) = (U vale) % (outdoor temp ~ imide temp, inutation to walls, caer to Table 31, page 75 ed wih colking compound between seats, and ot ground ond roof ine. When sheeh ore not sealed, nreove U fosters by 10%. These voles may be ued for root, heat flow up-winer for Reet few downommer,muily cbove fers by O38. TABLE 24—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U—LIGHTWEIGHT, PREFABRICATED CURTAIN TYPE WALLS* FOR SUMMER AND. WINTER Bru/ the) (sq #1) (deg F temp ‘Ai momen in parentheses indicate weigh pers Tote wight per 1 fis wm of wal ond fishes ne | | Le | oe erat racine. worn beta merat vaca (a) | Aum Spee ta iNEviATing cone 1 [ere Fiehness ln) Zora Thckewss Oe] nae py seen ly ar 2 12 1 7; 06 A 0 1% Fepm Moasrcomt wih Penne vn, reamates | 9 | 3 i$ a” Praca Beg aa v Woot Shredded (Comented in Pratermed siete) 2 | tb 3% a z ai es i *% come lara mea as | a ve bls 8 31 2 ieee (2 1h 3 Bx 2» ae ee oe ey > (outdoor temp — imide emp) lo Tobie 31. page 75. ‘Tote weight por sg fh + tbe Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures TABLE 25—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U-FRAME WALLS AND PARTITIONS* FOR SUMMER AND WINTER Btu/Ch) sq ft) (deg F temp dif) ‘All numbers in poremtheses indicate weight per 1g ft Total weight per sg ft is sum of component material. DATERION FINISH 4" Oypoum Matet * ath Wood eth Platored Plastered ing Paper OR Asbertos Hu" Pywood (I) or 4" Gyp (2}] 68 | y Cement Siding (0) [54:” Wood & Bldg Peper (2) [2 é ‘OF Asphatt 14” tauating Boor (2) [feeeaaia | parks | ocogaecste| oll Siding (2) lating Boord (3) | 20 None, ding Peper a] 20 | Ha" Pywood (IVor 16" Gyp (2 37 | 2833 He’ Wood & Bidg Poper (2) | 42) 23 | 2826 4, nating Board 2) a) ns | os Ha” rit Board (3) wo] oie a | mon Nene, Bling Paper 7! ao | el) ee or 14a", Pywood (1) or 16" Gyp (2| 48 a | o> wm oY Wood Shingles (2) |” Wood & Bldg Paper 36 oe | ae | des OR 47 Wood (14° llaing Bord (2 B uo om im mili 4" inlting Board (3) 27 | aoe ee et Weed shingles ding a | TE ee Over Hu Ianul | 94" Pywood (1) or 14" Gyp (238 | 2 mia mh |e Backer Beard (3) | 44" Wood & Bldg Paper 20 | non ja ® | wy OF Asphalt 28 2 ee Inslaed Sng (4 3 | iia eae ra Ge Ween as | wv 8 | 7 0 a6 Deuble Petton (Pilsh on both sides) » oo) 1938 ASHAE Guide Ezuotions: Well—Heat Goin Bu/hr = (Area, rq] x (U wale) x (equivalent temp dit, Tble 19) “Heat Lon, Br = (Ares, tq) x (U vlue) Xx foutdooetemp—hside temp]. orton, unconditioned space edlocent—Hect Gein or Lous, Brow = (Are 1a} x (U vole) x fovdoortemp—inide temp—5 F Pectin, hithen of bole room odjaent—Heot Goln Bu/ie = (Area ft) x (V valve) > (octal temp dif or outdooe te +15 Fro 25F ‘For addition of insulation ond oir spoces to portions, refer fo Table 31, page 75. 69 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures TABLE 26—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U—MASONRY PARTITIONS’ FOR SUMMER ANO WINTER Bru/the) (sq ft) (deg F temp dif) ‘All numbers in parentheses indicate weight tg Total weight per aq I is sum of mosonry wnt ond Finth x 1 or 2 (finshed one or both side NSH tex. “ tem | Ns Pesto anceime | (inches) on'tering (tena wlan sa % oe | Sond wh Sond rw shi finiches |Aao 6) Aga (3) laser(7) Plover) Power?) Mawer(2) Boord(2) Board) WoUow CONCRETE 1 Bioee 307 om | a ke ae ce] 3 OR ROR | 18 4420) Go ome | 36 | eas ee 1s vem] Re | te 3M san fom |e | 3 ae) en Tier ts wm | | | OF ee win {aT fom | 28 | a ar pa vo Cinder Ave noah |eost) acsearle 2 oe ~T san] ae ‘One a4 36 3 as iy AS LS ek] at as RR 3 be aun ae ome | 31 | de as ws whl Room) oR oF LB uweass | ec) 30 | om | a ao vo ao | os Hees eelis wun] ae | om | as as) an ae 3 | Both 23 26 2 7 AS. a2 8 #10) ww | 3s) ew ast gro Sand & Gravel 2 yp oS RR casa seee A 129) «ae as cra ty eS BOF R 7 03 Wowow ciAY THE | aus o 4 oe yin 16 6 2 OX OR eM ne 408) % | 39s) ee a) 30s L 2) coll Geopeen 6 (25) 35 One a” rr a as 2 2) AS (whl oh ob oR oF io (soe sia” at | one | 28 30 ee lala amar we) eo BOR ioe wouow ovesum 319) | 97 mas 2 wom ala as me | 0s Ossett ai 303 be aun) 33 ao | 32 [staat now i ys ie te ‘soup ovesum | sy | oat | ruasren u | oe 8 is ae (aay Eauotion:Foritons, unconditioned space adjacent: He Perttions, kitchen oF boiler room “For edition ofislotion and air spoces to Goin or tows, Bu/hr = (Area, va A) x (U acon Heat Goin or Loss, tlhe = Urea, x focvel temp ition, reer to Table 31, page 75 1p—Imide temp—5 F). 1958 ASHAE Guide temp +15 Fo 25 70 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures TABLE 27—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U—FLAT ROOFS COVERED WITH BUILT-UP ROOFING* FOR HEAT FLOW DOWN—SUMMER, FOR HEAT FLOW UP—WINTER (Set Bru/{hr) (59 ft) (deg F temp dif lon at Bottom of Pot ‘A nambor in parentheses inate weight po Tot weight per 4qf 8 3m of root, fin and ition INSULATION ON TOP OF DECK, INCHES TYPE oF DECK ‘cent % oy lm a | aw | ao 7 8) ao] ow] ow Tore or Poster (6 o 3 Bas Spence Per (3) 2 oR wR coors | 23} ee | | 16) ne a) nO Fiber end Comes | Shipendea Plt (5) Ee | ial | om Conerte ae vg fo mri waa era ‘Send & orevel Avs) (47170, Fas) [eo arises) arial lean (ea) is 28 7 20 3) oa Serpended Prose (5) 0 essael eestor) Smpended Aco Tie (2) | 1S 12M OF SU] None or Peso a) 3 ao Soipended Plot () isp) ee) er Stpended acovtiet@) | 3) MN | toe || ate 1118) | None o Ps vu Oo) Seiponded Pion (3) 3) 30 ae) ee howtos) [02 | top| tes TUN Hone or Pls (6) | Setpended Plone 8) Scipended Ace Tie 2) a sun 7 ‘homer 1) seo ie (2) ay (6) ler 7 718) | one of Poste (6) Tra 28 Seipended ose (3) 1313 o Strpended Aco Tie 2) 3 o 3181 None or Piste 6) a | ae aa Troster (8) 3 ita [por ager ont eo Spend hee aN te 1958 ASHAE Ovid Equations: Summer—(Heot Flow Down) Hi Winter 1 Gein, Biufbr = (Area, 1g ft) x (U vale X (equiva low Up} Meot tow, Bre = (Aveo, aq ft) x (U vole For edition of ar spoce: or inmlation to rat, refer fo Table 31, poge 78 ‘for wapended '6”inulation board, plein (6 or with Yh" sond aggregate sit, Tete 201. 5 lovldoor tomp-—inide temp). (Si.use vabes of smpended oro tie. n Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5, Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures TABLE 28—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U—PITCHED ROOFS* FOR HEAT FLOW DOWN—SUMMER. FOR MEAT FLOW UP—WINIER (See Equation ot 8 Btu/(hr) (sq ft projected area) (deg F temp diff) A numb in porenteses indicate 14 ft Total weight pes PITCHED ROOFS me Sond ‘SHEATHING 6) Bldg poper on Ha” plywood (2) Fath | Era oO eee 2029) aaa ests | la poper on Fa" | plywood 2) yom 2 om 18 ast ‘Asphalt Rott | Bldg paper on "f° joofing (1) | wood sheathing (3) e700 7000 27 | ra ee 720 dg paper on Ha plywood (2) { eM we won Noe we ow mn wv wD 320 moa wwe ys a som wets at 1958 ASHAE Guide Equotions: Summer (Hect Flow Down] Heat Goin Bu/hr = (hoixontol projected area, xq ft) x (U vole) » Lequvalent tomp dif, Tobe 20) ‘Winter (Heot Flow Up] Heot loss, iv/hr = (horizonal projected area, 1q ft) x (U value x 1.1) x (outdoor temp — imide temp) “For addition of oir spaces or ination for ebove roo, refer to Teble 31, page 75. 72 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures TABLE 29—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U—CEILING AND FLOOR, (Heat Flow Up) Based on Still Air Both Sides, Btu/(he) (sq) (deg F temp dif) A umes in parentbeesindate weight per oq Toll weight per sa Ms wm of eng and Roo, ome MASONRY CEN | Tse ‘ton eum | actor one eT wero] | song | we uw CONCRETE) (tb per Tile | Plaster | Ploster | Plaster | Ploster Foon _SusrlooR| sa") a or a" or" "a 2 U9) ar 4 ae | ae 3 ns of = 3h | yy 1 Unotowm apes Ess Poor tte oe Sond Age. op on wwe | 4031) 2x2" Sleepers | ota, Tea | Hardwood | Sond og | § et} rm fteee 10 {1041 hee 2 (20) | teeners | Some | 4 33) ote) ee — Tile | The | Plone | Plonter teord | Board looR susrioon a la or a a | None 7 * ‘2 3 omy Wood (2) | 4s | 30 | 2 Ro 7 weedts) | 27 | 30 | Ee) cra 3" Wood (217 | 3821 i ae a6 bao Me Pweedta | 24 te 7 | 30 ie [ae met woedish | 39 at as ak 2 | ts ag JF waser mo 38 te a | oaS a3 4" wood (3) 2 1 2220 | y 2 weed (8) ol se beatae |Ginatela| Ma Eqvotions: Hoot flow vp, Uncanditioned space below: Heat Goin, Buf = (Aveo, 1g ft) (U vole) X lotdoor temp, oven or bolr room below Mest Gain, Bu/te = (Aveo, 1g lx (U vole) X [ocval temp dit or etdoor temp — inside temp +15 Ft0 25 1. 73 14 PART 1. LOAD ESTIMATING TABLE 30—TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U—CEILING AND FLOOR, (Heat Flow Down) Bosed on Still Air Both Sides, Bru/the) (sq ft) (deg F temp dif) moos T MASONRY EtnIwe a stat Fone Tossed o Foret : W° Syreen | tevin [acwenol ie oes Aeestoat | Marat rm |ametantw [actors ree Tio NS wendion WT Sane'aee ems cuca nase “titre Spiarae a bee | ee t we | Soa | oe we |e concerts, he | enor ner| er mer lenis nore root _fimeas a Pern Pare age age ase 04a Aa Se ceers eee 1 ttovm fai are sea| Bash Base eels ese teh af ae ar ep ne fe tae Hoe RR RR Sent son) Stee) 32 ate ese rrelhste es Aria ee a(n BlS RN OM rotten | a9 Bobo R|H hoe NM wedge ‘sual ae | a7 wy | ae ae ae poe were? ite 8 3 | 3 RoR IR oY a | M ee barf a | 3h nas Bon a8 | nit meat 3 san [as nb eat ‘a rie ee ed » t Sie fae | ae 2 “ ian [a | 3 ; a tea it & a tan fe ” ; 3 Witwer sence Stes |B i. " 8 rh sa |B 1° se 4 “i Slanoee steal # 1 Ae eects ube al ee nage 2th ea aT £1 awe [enne? | TT : 2% " ua a Ciesla TERME CONITAUETON crue ~ Seepeane © Peed W>Gypren | toclaing | Rams Te we | scarier | “STtortes Te waedtem | Ttenoeg |S necires —“tmece’ "cae | ¥° Srrvem see eee we wee ae ae | ae Ne |e ie | we Tie The Planar Pamer Poster amor | Board Saorg The The oo a er ar Par for fa" | tar yaa ao ana aa Mone sia on & OR Boy as [3 7a eg rb ee ee as as We coremte tle ~My" Wood tan [gee ae te is a as ae enh Come Fweead | a 0 gs oa MoM ia "We Marden cctmeteomes | My ween Poop [ye je faze fae fate ae A twee Rwetoh [BON a OR BR A Anetoom on MWg" wood is) | 38 se as eas asa aaa Fweeattl | 30 mo te 1958 ASNat Gage {qvoion: Hest How down unconditoned spots above Meat Guin Ble = (Aree, s¢ th x (U vee x lovidear temp — ide temp — 59 Kohan bore Hac! Gain, n/hr = (Arey ag % IU vee X (achel ome 4, or eudeos long — mgs femp +15 Pre 25 Pl. Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures ‘TABLE S2-TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U-FLAT ROOFS WITH ROOF-DECK INSULATION ‘SUMMER AND WINTER Buui(hy) (59 ft) (deg F temp dit UyALE GF ROOF ‘Adston of Rot Deck naulaton ‘BEFORE ADDING Tnickness (.) "ROOF DECK wsuanon [VT “50 So) 22 | ep aes ea 50 a | a] iw | uw | a | 40 ry | a9 |oas)| os | on |e 2 mw | as | | ce | to | oe 2 a | a6 | 33 | a2 | 20 | o a wo | 15 | x2 | on | oe | 08 2» w | 3 {| 1 | 0 | 9 | 08 15 | 1 | oo | | oo | o 10 oo | os | o | o | % | 0 ‘TABLE 33-TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U-WINDOWS, SKYLIGHTS, DOORS & GLASS BLOCK WALLS Buu(hy) (6g ft) (deg F temp cit ‘GUASS Vana! Tesoma Gos Sage [Baste Tepe Te iSpsee Themes oT aa as Pa ‘ice are Water Without Stow Wondows | —T13 POs] oss] 083 oat Ose| Om | OB | 140] O50 | O70 win Siem vindows | 05 043 | 064 = orwnal Tremnese vu o [toad (nes) Exposed Door eh Storm Door 7 O69 ‘035 4 O89 ox 4 O52 030, a O51 530, 2 Oa 328 2 O28 02s 3 033 023 Sloss (4 Mereuite) 05, oss Se eT IESE Tak tonwtses aH] 9 Tp ¥esre Thek-Nominal Sie Ox (15) 036 {oq Fare” Tach —Homnal Saw 12x12 (16) ose ‘Tipo sri" Taek ah glace toer screen diving the cavity (15) ous “118ba Hacr Thekwin gate foer screen duigng the avy (16) ost Equation. Heat Gain or Loss, Btuhr = (Area, sa f) x (U value) x (autsoor temp — inside temp) “halicied numbers in parentheses incieate weight in Ib pe 2a ft Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures HEAT LOSS THRU BASEMENT WALLS AND. FLOORS BELOW THE GROUND LEVEL The loss through the floor is normally small and relatively constant year round because the ground temperature under the floor varies only a litle throughout the year. The ground is a very good heat sink and can ‘absorb or lose a large amount of heat without an ‘appreciable change in temperature at about the 8 f level. ‘Above the 8 f level, the ground temperature varies with the outdoor temperature, with the greatest variation at the surface and a decreasing variation down to the 8 ft depth, ‘The heat loss thru a basement wall may be appreciable and it is difficult to calculate because the ground temperature varies with depth. Tables 36 thru 37 have been empirically calculated to simplify the evaluation of ‘heat loss thru basement walls and floors. The heat loss thru a slab floor is large around the perimeter and small in the center. This is because the {ground temperature around the perimeter varies with the ‘outdoor temperature, whereas the ground temperature in the middle remains relatively constant, as with basement foors. Basis of Tables 35 thru 37 ~ Heat Loss thru Masonry Floors and Walls in Ground Tables 35 thru 37 are based on empirical data. The perimeter factors listed in Table 36 were developed by Calculating the heat transmitted for each foot of wall to an 8 ft depth. The ground was assumed to decrease the transmission coefficient, thus adding resistance between the wall and the outdoor air. The transmission Coefficients were then added to arive at the perimater factors, Use of Tables 35 thru 37, ~ Heat Loss thru Masonry Floors and Walls in Ground The transmission coefficients listed in Table 35 may be used for any thickness of uninsulated masonry floors ‘where there is good contact between the floor and the ground. ‘The perimeter factors listed in Table 36 are used for estimating heat loss thru basement walls and the outside stip of basement floors. This factor can be used only when the space is heated continuously. If there is only occasional heating, calculate the heat loss using the wall oF floor transmission coefficients as listed in Tables 21 tha 33 and the temperature difference between the basement and outdoor air or ground as listed in Table 37. The heat loss in a basement is determined by adding the heat transferred thru the floor, the walls and the ‘outside strip of the floor and the portion of the wall above the ground level Exarpl 7- Host oss ina Basement Giver Baseman 00%0%9 Basement temp Fd, healed coninousy Outdoor temp-< F db Grave nef above basemen Nor Wl rd oors-2i, concrete (80 eu 1) Fin ea os rom baseent salon: 1. Heatles aboveground = Ua) A018 ot00) 9x (650) 2. Heat os tru wal and ase stip of for blow rend Hho) = 0080 1.052 (65-0) 2. Het ons tu too 19,100 Btu HUA, 0-1) =0.05(100e40)x(6558) = _2000_ Stuhr 30.528 Btuhe Tell Heat Loss ‘whore U= Heat transmission coefcient of wall ove ground (Table 21) and flor (Table 36) in tule) (ea (dea F) = Area of wall above ground, sq AA, = Ente for area, sat Perimeter of wal Perimeter factor (Table 36) Basement cry-bulb temo, F Ground temp, F, (Tate 37) utdoor design ry-bul tom, F TABLE 35-TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U- MASONRY FLOORS AND WALLS IN GROUND (Use only in conuneton with Table 26) "ranamisson For or Wat Cocfteent U Buu) a dog Basen Fos 35 Porton of Wa exceeding 8 eet 8 below gourdiowel_| *Some additional Noor loss is included in perimeter factor, see Table 26. Equations: Heat loss through floor, Btuhr = (are of floor, 9) > (U value) x (basementground temp) Heat oss through wal below 8 foot ne, Blue = (area of wal below 8 ft ne, 29 fx (U valve) > (basemon-graund tmp). 81 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 5. Heat And Water Vapor Flow Thru Structures NOTE: The factors in Tables 35 ond 36 may be used for any ‘hckness of uninslated masonry wal or oor, but there must be 2 geod TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENTS contact (no ar space which may connect tothe outdoors) between he pIpe'S IN WATER OR BRINE pound ante oor or wal. Where the ground is dy and sendy, or where ect wangmission coeficvents for copper and steel ‘heres cinder fil along wal or where the wall has alow heat wansmission 0° 9 tad in Tabla 38 and 39, These cacfciente ae ee eet ce may be useful in applications such as cold water or brine storage systems and ice skating rinks. TABLE 96-PERIMETER FACTORS FORESTIATNG HEATLOSS THROUGH BASENENTWALLS AND. pais Tables 38 and 38 OUTSIDE STRIP OF BASEVENT FLOOR - Transmission coefficients, Pipes in Water or Brine eter cue nena Table 38 is for ice coated pipes in water, based on a heat transfer film coefficient, inside the pipe, of 150 Btu! Distance of Foor Perimeter Factor (hr)(sq ft intemal pipe surface) (deg F). peroeie oel ‘@ Table 99's or pipes inwalr or brine based on heat eee a transfer of 18 Btu/(hr)(sq ft external pipe surface) (deg F) ea ey inwater, 14 Blin no. is elo based ona ow rate of ites beer 2 Ctculaton onthe outside ofthe pipe and 10 F to 15 F 6 Feet below 1.05, ‘temperature difference between water or brine and eres i. refrigerant. High rates of circulation will increase the heat Equations: ‘transfer rate. For special problems, consult heat transfer eles but psrtr, Buh = (poet of val.) Tee > (perimeter factor x (basement autdcor temp), ‘TABLE 37-GROUND TEMPERATURES FOR ESTIMATING HEAT LOSS THROUGH BASEMENT FLOORS ‘GuidoorDesign Temp (FY [-¥0] -20] TO] 0 [+10] +20 (Ground Temp ) 40] 45 | 50 [55 | 6o| es ‘TABLE 38- TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U-ICE COATED PIPES IN WATER Biu/(h) lineal ft pipe) (deg F between 32 F db and reftig temp) ae Pipe Copper Pipe wth ‘Stee! Pipe Stee Pipe Win Sze lee Tckness (ches) Sze Ice Thickness (inches) (incnes Nomina ) ee (ches) 7 ae z a —a Sia [seats 7 aaas a 4 7 | 61.1) 42] an aie ar | 6s siale4s [ada 78 ao |s7 |oar | as 1 ws | 72 | 5a | sr | 42 118 Re [esr | ee lear: 112 so | a6 | 6s | se | 48 TABLE 29- TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT U-PIPES IMMERSED IN WATER OR BRINE Btu) (lineal ft pipe) (deg F between 32 F db and rfrig temp) Outside water fim coefficient = 18 Btullh) (sa f) (deg F) Outside brine fim coefficient = 14 Btulh) (sa ft) (deg F) Water refrigerant temp = 10 F to 15 F Copper Pipe Pipes Seal PS Pipes Pipes Sze fa Nominal Sze in in (inches 0.0) Water Mnches) wot Brine 2 2a 7 20 ar 58 29 evs 50 39 34 35 1 62 48 118 53 1a 7a. 64 82 Part 1, Load Estimating | Chapter 6. Inftration And Ventilation Example 6-Ventlatn Air Quantity, fice Space Given: ‘8 5000 sq office with acoling height of 8 f and 50 people. Approximately 40% ofthe people smoke. Fina “The venation air quant. Solution “The population density is typical, 100 sq f per person, but the ‘numer of smokers is considerable Recommended ventilation Miimum ventiation 50% 10 = 500 0% 15= 750 lm (Table 45) fm (Table 45) 500 cim will more than likely not maintin satisactory conctions within the space because the number of smokers is Considerable. Therefore, 750 cfm should be used in this application. NOTE: Many applications have exhaust fans. This means that the ‘outdoor air quantity musta least equal the exhausted alr otherwise the infiation rate wal increase. Tables 46 and 4 list the approximate capacities of typical exhaust fan. ‘The data in these tables were oblained from pubished ‘tings of several manufacturers of exhaust fens, ‘TABLE 45-VENTILATION STANDARDS. CAPER PERSON oHRER AveuCATiON swouNe sa ror roo Recoemenaed [Wino —] Nem Tenor sone 2 8 Apartment) De Luxe ‘Some 30 25 8 Bonkng sence ocean ° a : tae ope coreaoe | 18 0 Seay Pars Gcranorat_| 10 Ms Sra Sod Rooms very Heswy J 30 20 Cookat Be ow » 2 ars Sop or xh) : 5 zi 2s Soparment Ses None oA 3 Sect es ewone ‘0 2 Onn Sore Corsisea | 10 7 Feces None % ” ‘0 Fear fon Cant Sores none M ° Rove Paros None ‘0 th canget 2 ° : 1 aratea Rone = = : 20 ee io 2 % 2 sce None 2 fa oa Rom eer % 2% x scr Sot : z 5 “0 talece = 20 Labonte some a» is 5 Westy Foams Wey ony | 0 0 15 Sorel Sire % Fa ; once | Prete Nene = 8 as ed consserete | % 3 { Catetenatt Considerable 2 10 Restaurant “L Dining Room Considerabie 415 12 Se Roome tone : 5 So tore A he ‘reer Nene % 3 : ‘resis Some 1 ” z Toilets (Exhaust) 20 “when minimum is used, use the larger +#5ee local codes which may govern ‘{May be governed by exhaust. Use these values unless governed by other sources of contamination or by local codes, “Al ouldoor airs recommended to overcome explosion hazard of anesthetics. 7 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 7. Internal And System Heat Gain Fic, 80-CONVERSION OF ELECTRIC POWER TO Hear aNo Licht WITH INCANDESCENT LIGHTS, ‘APPROXIMATE Fluorescent lights convert about 25% of the power input into light, with about 25% being dissipated by radiation tothe surrounding surfaces. The other 50% is Fic, 31-CONVERSION OF ELECTRIC POWER TO Hear ano Lit Wits FLUORESCENT LiGHTS, ‘APPROXIMATE dissipated by conduction and convection. In addition to this, approximately 25% more heat is generated as heat in the ballast ofthe fluorescent lamp, Fig. 31. Table 49 indicates the basis for arriving at the gross heat gain from fluorescent or incandescent lights. ‘TABLE 48-HEAT GAIN FROM PEOPLE Wer 292 Met | Ad pecrEEOF | Typical | aol | justed ROOM DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE ‘ACTIVITY | APPLICATION | Rato | ‘Met (Adut | aboic |_ a2 F sor. 788. 758. 708. Male) | Rate* [Buu Bue Buh Buh Bui Bute | Bue [Sensible] Latent [Sense] Latent [Sania] Latent [Sensibi] Lion [Sensibi] Leon Seated atest ie Grade schoo! | 360 | 350 | 175 175 | 105 155 | 210 14a | 20 120 | 260 00 ‘Seated, very grt IHignscroot_| aso | 400 | 160 zao | 195 205 | 219 tas | 240 160 | 275 125 Diice wore ices, Heels ‘Apis, College | 475 450 | 10 270 | 200 250 | 215 235 | 24s 205 | 205 165: Standing, wailing [Dept Reta, o- ‘Siow Variety tore _| 550 Waking, seated [Brug Store [$50 soo | 10 220 | 20 30 | 2 200 | 255 ms | 20 © 200 Standing, waking slow Isank 550 Seceniany work — [Restaurant [S00] 650 | 100360200350 | “aus -250 70 Tah bench work Factory. ight wore soo | 750 | 190 s60_| 220 530 | 245 sos | 205 455 | 265305, Moderate daneng [oance Ha ——|~S00| 850—| 200 630 | “245605 275 875 | 05 505 | 00450 Waking, 3mph Factory, faiy eswywork | 1000 | 1000 | 270 730 | 300 700 | 330 670 | 300 6m | 460 S40 Peay wok [Bowing Aley Fact 1900 | 1450 | 450 1000 | 465 985 | aas__o65 | 525 a5 | cos a4. “Adjusted Metabolic Rates the metabolic ral to be applied toa ‘mixed group of people wt atypical percent composiion based on the folowing factors: Metabolic rote, adult female=Metabolc rate, adult malex085 Metabolic rate, chiren =Metabolc rat, adult malex0,75 ‘Restaurant Values for this apoication include 60 Bu por br for foo er Incvidual (30 Btu sensible and 30 Btu latent heat per be. Bowing Assume one person per ley actualy bowing and all ohers siting, metabosc rate 400 Btu pert; oF stancing, 550 Btu per. 100 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 7. Internal And System Heat Gain TABLE 49 ~ HEAT GAIN FROM LIGHT ae ea ae Fluorescent | Total ght Watt 25 faa Incandescent __| Total Lght Wattsx3.4 ‘Refer to Tables 12 and 13, pages 36-37 to determine actual cooling load. ‘Fluorescent light wattage is multiplied by 1.25 o include heat ain in baat, APPLIANCES Most appliances contribute both sensible and latent heat to a space. Electric appliances contribute latent heat, only by virtue of the function they perform, that is, rying, cooking, etc, whereas gas burning appliances. contribute additional moisture asa product of, ‘combustion. A properly designed hood with a positive exhaust system removes @ considerable amount of the generated heat and moisture from most types of appliances. Basis of Tables 50 thru 52 ~ Heat Gain from Restaurant Appliances and Miscellaneous Appliances ‘The data in these tables have been determined from ‘manufacturers data, the American Gas Association data, Directory of Approved Gas Appliances and actual tests by Carrier Corporation. TABLE 50-HEAT GAIN FROM RESTAURANT APPLIANCES NOT HOODED™-ELECTRIC Want] RECOM PERT GAIN overat — | TRE wee | Tain FOR AVG USE: APPLIANCE mensions | oF ax | NG [Senate | Latent | Toor Less Legsand | con- | wiscentancous |raminc| rare | Heat | Heat | Heat Henaes in) _| TROL DATA Buh | unr | sume | Bute | Bune Cates ewer Tae Man, Zao] 306] 900] 220] 1120 Warmee2 ge Man 306| 305] 230] oo} 320 “Faas Brewing Unis Watarneater—Z00 win ati2gelTane — [aoxsoxas | ao. | watts 19900 4800} +200 6000 Brewers 2960 wats Totes Una ga TeDaaT Wan. [Beck ina T7e60| 3500] zen} — 700] — as “398 223 oval x20H | Auta | Nike plated 3300] 2800] 2200] +500] 3700, Sou reoaxsm | ao. |Nekel plated 17000| 2200] _saoa| 2300 | 5700 Dogrna Machine DDODGTA ute. | Baust system Jesdcors-72np moor _| 16000 5000 5000 Tap Baler Tea Wan Pied 550 wats Low ht—275 wats sro 1200] soo] 2000 Food Warmer with Pate Inoue, separate Wamen pera ep ‘xo, | “heating utterescn | 1360/ soo} 30] aso] 700 sua ot Pate warmerin base Food Warne waa? Piate Warmer, ar sat ‘do, | Dito, wenout pte 1020] 400] 200} 380] 50 top sutace warmer Fry Katie 72a POAT ae ‘sea0 | — 1760 | — 1800 | 2400 | — ao Fry Kete—25 fol extextar ‘Auto| Fry area TET | 23800 | e000] —ae00 | — S700 | — e500. Gris, Fyne TexIoGH aio Feng top 16 ‘000 | — 2600 | —st00 | 1700] —ae0o- Gale Meat rasa “ato |Cookrg ares 10X12" | Toz00 | —r800| —ae00 | too | e000 ‘Gre, Sanciich asocI0H ‘Auto| Gi ore 1222 3800 1800] 2700 | roo] 3400 Tel Warmer ZOXITISH “te | Gre awe 1500] — 400] 1100] too] —Ta00 Toasi, Cortraoas | TTS ‘ale | 2S wie 360 sicase rse0| sooo| too | _1900| ooo Toast, Coniraoas | DISA Tate [ices wise 720 sicosne 10200} 6000] e100 | 2600] __avo0 Toss, PoeU. aE Rae Sices 3160] 100 | 2480] aso] 00 Wale ta TDSC ‘ie [One wate Te 2480 600] 1100] 750] a0 Wate ron Tories Creare] FOTO ‘ao. | 7 Cake, ‘Senawen eacnzvewaas | 7500] 1600) —s100| 2100] 5200 “If property Gesigned postive exhaust hood is used, mulipy recommended valu by 0. 101 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 7. internal And System Heat Gain Use of Tables 50 thru 52 = Heat Gain from Restaurant Appliances and + Miscellaneous Appliances The Maintaining Rate is the heat generated when the appliance is being maintained at operating temperature but not being used. ‘The Recommended for Average Use values are those Which the appliance generates under normal use. These appliances seldom operate at maximum capacity during peak load since they are normally warmed up prior to the: peak. The values in Tables 50 thru $2 are for unhooded appliances. If the appliance has a properly designed Positive exhaust hood, reduce the sensible and the latent heat gains by 50%. A hood, to be effective, should extend beyond the appliance approximately 4 inches per foot of height between the appliance and the face of the hood. ‘The lower edge should not be higher than 4 fest above the appliance and the average face velocity across the hood should not be less than 70 fpr. ‘TABLE 51-HEAT GAIN FROM RESTAURANT APPLIANCES NOT HOODED'~GAS BURNING AND STEAM HEATED Wan RECOVFEAT CAN OVERALL rye mer | TaN. FORAVG USE APPLIANCE DIMENSIONS: oF max | ing | Sanita] tatent | Torr Lesstegsand | con. | wisceutancous raring | RATE | He eat | Heat ends tin) | TROL ATA une | etuhr | sume | ean | Bir ‘GAS BURNING. ofl Brnr-12 gat Man. | Combinaion brewer 400 1380 30 | 1700 Warmer gal Man._| and warmer soo | soo| 400] tm] so Cafes Brewing Ui Brewers anda ‘wih Tank s@e0e6 tan roo | 1000 | 9000 Coffea Un Soa TE Dexa 7 [Black ish 32003900 | 2000 | 2300 | 5800" Coffea Urn 3 om TES ova TH | A. Nek pated 3400 | 2500 _| ——2500_| 3000. Coffea n= ga TeDaxam ‘Fao [Nekei pated “4700-| 3000 | 3600] 7200 Food Warmer, Vatibs par sattiopsursce wan.__|Waterbain ype 2000 | soo | aso} 450] 1200 Try Kote T5 TO “ato. [ Fig area 10500 7250 | —s000_| a0 | ——2e00-| 7000 Fey Ree 28 a TSG Fring area 11X16 24000_| —4800_| ——7200-| 4800 | —To000. Gri—BrarO-Gal BTR suited Top Burner (asa) Man, | "72,000 Brum 37000 sso | 600 | 10000 Sette Bure pal sac) 15,000 Bur Sooves, Shor Ow Tan] Rng yee borers TaD aaa | an | (Open Top. Values "2000 to 22000 Der saftop suoce Buea Soves, Shar Order Wan [Rng ype burners Tass 00 | 3500 | 6600 Closed Top, Values 10000 o 12000 persaitcp sacs Buea Teasiar Continuous Toa Tie Sis wae 360 scale x2000 | 10000 | 7700 | _ss00 | _ +1000 ‘STEAM HEATED Cafes Um Fom7 ro Tie ace tah 2300 | 8a] a6 ~3oa! raesovaraih — | Auto |Nexe pitec 200 | 600 | 4000 ~So8) saoaxsr ‘ute._| Nickel pistes soo] 2300} 5700 Taea U3 98 TDA Wan. | Beckctish ‘3100-| 3100] — 200 “301 spesovaxrh | Man. | Neel plates 200] 2600] 200 “sos jeoaxsm wan_[Neke pated sre0 | _svo0 | __ 7400 Food Ware, per ea top sutace Auto. 40 | so] oxo Foo Warner. porsah top surface Man, aso | sso | 1500 “I property designed postive exhaust hood ls used, muliply recommended valu by 60 102 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 7. Internal And System Heat Gain ‘TABLE 52-HEAT GAIN FROM MISCELLANEOUS APPLIANCES NOT HOODED* ‘RECOM HEAT GAN FOR AVG USE TRE eR, APPLIANCE oF Max [Sess] ant Tat ‘CONTROL MISCELLANEOUS DATA rating | Heat Heat Heat Bum | Bum Bue euby ‘GAS BURNING Far Diver Slower Type Fan Tosa ‘1Samgs, 115 vols AC an (low 915 wats, high 1580 wats) saro| 2300 400 2.700 Tai Byer, Feimet ype. Fano wats, 85 amps, 115 volts AC wan. | ow:00 wats, righ 710 wats) 2400 | 1370 200 2200 Pemanen Wave Mans GD alos a 5 was Bach, on. _| “36 imnormal vse 5.400 250 180 +1900 Pressed namo Washer and Serer 2 2000 | __ 23460 235400 Teor Sn Be Fi a a near Rube spades as oo eo ‘Sotaion andlor GTI Ta 3000 ro Blanka Warmer 1070072 1.050 2400 3450 Serkzer 7s ae 3500 3700 75.300 Dressing to. | 207100" za00 24000 4730 ‘rer, Recaro Bo fia Ea 3500 70 5500 at |2ercerxae” 41700 27900 8,700 so. | 2erxae7xae" 36.200 38,000 32200 uo. | 2exa6>60" 8.500 ‘5,00 119500 ‘xo. |sorxe2700" 161,700 s7so0 | 250200 uo. | azxae7x06" re4o00 | 140,000 ‘324000 uo. |40°x04796" 21000 | 180.000, 390,000 ie Water 7s] 70 gata “F100 16500 70.500 ‘to | 18 ton e100 | 24,000 20,700 See, ET Kita BST 2700 2A00 3.700 to. | orxto>20" ‘s200 3900 9.000 ‘nao, | rorxi2>422" 2.100 5.900 14.000 to. | x07%12>435" 103200 8.400 19300 Ao. rexi6 eee 9.200 ‘3,600 17,800 Sania ea Tao [TEXTS Taan0 | 20400 Bio ‘so | 207%20"x24" 12200 25,600 37900 arta HAT “Rato—| Naat 120 var Sonor Co 2000 5200 ozo ‘suo. | Nodel 100 Amer Stoner Co 4200 2.100 3.300 Waar 3 paiheur 1700 2700 500 ‘ray Machines, Tar Pryascans 3S DST GE ane Nene ane making pets ‘ray Machines, HS GSA Ray Be SORTER fortherapy wre mg or dot ‘GAS BURNING Baer Labo Tis aa bare wR smal bunson Man. | manufactured 923 1.800 240 1200 Saree Wan 7 oa wh rat oa 3000 a 2700 faa bane Man [26a wen not 908 3500 “90 240 TenBTb Ter Tan | 775 da bar wi not 5500 TH 3350 larg bunsen Man |1 Yeiamautn, ac nce 8.000. 880 4200 Giger tiger Man. | Cartnvous tare ype 2800) 700 000 FarDyerS em Cais ot Feaer& Tan WER Shelners ‘no, | lows het aru det system to 33000 | 15,000 ‘4900 19,000 s0hatmate nco__|_rometa 21,000 6.000 27,00 “I properly designed postive exhaust hood i used, multiply racommendod value By 0. 103 Part 1. Load Estimating | Chapter 8. Applied Psychrometrics ‘TABLE 61- TYPICAL BYPASS FACTORS (For Finned Cail) DEPTH OF | wiThouT sprays WoT SPRAYS cous [Binsin [rans —| Binsin. [14 frst Sa (cows) [SOTO [300-700] SOOO] OUST Z| AER | 22.38 3 | za | 02s 7 ea EIT 5 | toze | oxt4 | ‘oot6 | 02-06 6) 06-15 | O08 08.17 |r 8 | oz0a | oo.c2 | ca06 | oo. These bypass factors apply to coils with 6/8 in. 0.0. tubes and spaced on approximately 11/4 in, centers. The values are approximate. Bypass factors for colls with plate fins, or for combinations other than those shown, should be obtained trom the coll manufacturer. Table 61 contains bypass factors for a wide range of ‘oils. This range is offered to provide sulficient latitude in selecting coils for the most economical system. Table 62 lists some of the more common applications with representative coil bypass factors. This table Is intended only as @ guide for the design engineer. ‘TABLE 62: TYPICAL BYPASS FACTORS (or Various Applications) cor BYPASS ‘TYPE OF APPLICATION FACTOR EXAMPLE [A srall tia Toad or @ oad at 6 (0.30- to 0.50] somewhat larger with alow sensble|Residence neat factor (hgh atent tad) Typical comfort appicaion with alReaaence, 0.20 0 0.30|relatvely small toll load or a low Small lsensile heat factor with [Retail Shop, somewhat larger tos. ‘0.7016 82) Typical comiot application, [Applicaton with Tigh —Wismal[Dopl. Sire, 0.05 0 0.10|sensibie loads or requiring a lerge|Restaurant, [amount of outdoor at for ventilation. [Fact Tw TAO [Al outdoor air appications Hospial ]Gperating Room, Facton COIL PROCESSES Coils are capable of heating or cooling air at a Constant moisture content, or simultaneously cooling and

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