See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/337679684

NOISE REDUCTION OF MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA IN TOMORI AREA AND ITS

SURROUNDING USING TIME SERIES ANALYSIS

Conference Paper · December 2019

CITATIONS READS

0 192

3 authors, including:

Randi Rusdiana Gusti Muhammad Lucki Junursyah

Bandung Institute of Technology Pusat Survei Geologi
4 PUBLICATIONS   0 CITATIONS    48 PUBLICATIONS   14 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) in Archaeology; Case Study in Muarojambi Temple, Indonesia View project

KEMENERUSAN INTRUSI GUNUNG BATU LEMBANG BERDASARKAN PENAFSIRAN DATA MAGNETOTELURIK SATU DIMENSI View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Gusti Muhammad Lucki Junursyah on 02 December 2019.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 PROCEEDINGS
JOINT CONVENTION YOGYAKARTA 2019, HAGI – IAGI – IAFMI- IATMI (JCY 2019)
Tentrem Hotel, Yogyakarta, November 25th – 28th, 2019

NOISE REDUCTION OF MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA IN TOMORI AREA AND

ITS SURROUNDING USING TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Randi Rusdiana 1, G.M Lucky Junursyah2, Dimas Bagus Maulana 2
1,2 Geophysics Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University

of Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.

2 Center for Geological Survey, Geological Agency, Jl. Diponegoro no.57, Bandung

40122.

Abstract H obs  H  H noise

Magnetotellurics (MT) data processing is one of
important parts in the stage of geophysical
exploration which is very instrumental in
determining the level of subsurface geological
model quality produced. The improvement of
MT data quality in processing stages, one of
them can be done by reducing noise through
time series analysis based on coherence value.
MT data that used in this analysis is data which
has coherence value below 75% in Tomori area
and its surroundings by Geological Survey
Center in 2014. Time series analysis can be
divided into several parts based on its
measurement frequency series, namely TS3
(320 Hz – 40 Hz), TS4 (5.6 Hz – 3.3 Hz), and
TS5 (4.7 Hz - 0.00034 Hz). The result of time
series analysis on the whole data shows the
improvement of quality of data quantitative
reached 15,49% from the initial data that
ranges from 40-79% to be 66-86%.
Key words : Magnetotellurics, data coherence,
time series analysis.
INTRODUCTION
(2)
M T data quality can be recognized by coherence value
between magnetic field (E) and electric field (B) that are
perpendicular to each other (Simpson and Bahr, 2005). So
that it can be written by equation (3).
(3)
Coherence of was on the range of 0 to 1, it was the
measure of the amount of linear correlation (1 showed the
perfect coherence) between the spectrum of electric field
and magnetic field. is the complex conjunction that used
to calculate the function of transfer (M wakirani, 2012 in
Rahman Hidayat, 2016).
M T measurements data in the Tomori and surrounding
areas have been carried out by a team from Geological
Survey Center in 2014 (Junursyah, 2014), using the M TU-
5A Phoenix Geophysics equipment (Phoenix Geophysics,
2010). In general the research area is located in the East
Sulawesi M endala and the Banggai-Sula M endala which
are covered by the Sulawesi M olasa Group (Simandjuntak,
et al., 1991; Simandjuntak, et al., 1991; Simandjuntak, et
al., 1994; Surono et al., 1994) . The M T data used consisted
of 13 points and had coherence values below 0.75 or less
than 75% (Figure 1).

M T data as a form time series that measured on the earth

surface with very wide frequency range (10 -5 Hz - 10 kHz)
is influenced by the noise that cause inaccuracy in
measurement results. Therefore the measurement results
was summation of natural terrain and incoherent noise
(random and stand alone through nature terrain and other
noises). So that it can be written by equations (1 and 2).

E obs  E  E noise
(1)
PROCEEDINGS
JOINT CONVENTION YOGYAKARTA 2019, HAGI – IAGI – IAFMI- IATMI (JCY 2019)
TBA Hotel, Yogyakarta, November 25th – 28th, 2019

Figure 1 The location of M T-AM T measurement point in the research that correlated with modification of regional
geological maps (Simandjuntak, et al., 1991; Simandjuntak, et al., 1991; Simandjuntak, et al., 1994; and
Surono, et al., 1994) in Junursyah, 2014. The measurement points marked by the yellow circle are the bad data
so the time series analysis needs to be done.

METHOD OF RES EARCH

1.
Good coherence value minimum standard was 0.75 or 75%
(Rahman Hidayat, 2016; M aryani, 2016; Ramadhan
Dwiyantoro, 2017), therefore the M T data used in this
study are that have coherence value less than 75% (Figure
1) as many as 13 measurement points, namely TR05,
TR06, TR12, TR14, TR15, TR17, TR29, TR31, TR35,
TR36, TR37, TR39, and TR40 (Junursyah, 2014). flow of
research used on the data time series analysis was carried
out to reduce noise that occurred while measurement,
divided into two stages, as follows (Figure 2).
Robust Process : The Robust estimation has an
ability to relieve symptoms or effect of unusual data
(outliers) in electric field variable respons (Sutarno,
2008). Type of weighting is divided into No weight,
Rho Variance, and Ordinary Coherence (Phoenix
Geophysict, 2005). The comparison result based on
the coherence value of the three methods were
chosen by one of them that had a better quality to be
used as reference in time series analysis process.

2
PROCEEDINGS
JOINT CONVENTION YOGYAKARTA 2019, HAGI – IAGI – IAFMI- IATMI (JCY 2019)
TBA Hotel, Yogyakarta, November 25th – 28th, 2019

Robust
Process

Time
Series
Analysis

Figure 2. Flow chart of the reduction process of M T data disruption based on time series analysis

which was coherent with TS3 and TS4 considered

2. Time S eries Analysis : Time series data is the raw
data of M T measurement showed on some data
series based on the frequencies, namely TS3, TS4,
and TS5 (Phoenix Geophysics, 2010). Data series
on TS3 was the signal on the high frequency
(320Hz - 40 Hz), the energy from the wave was
very strong, the depth penetration level was
shallow. TS4 was the data signal on middle
frequency (5.6Hz - 3.3Hz), while TS5 was on low
frequency (4.7Hz - 0.00034 Hz). The signal on TS5
as noise (figure 3). On TS5 the energy was getting
weaker and there was not signal impulse with high
amplitude. The result of time series analysis can be
obtained maximally on the raw data with a level of
coherence that is not greater than 0.5 (M iquelitti, et
al 2009).

3
PROCEEDINGS
JOINT CONVENTION YOGYAKARTA 2019, HAGI – IAGI – IAFMI- IATMI (JCY 2019)
TBA Hotel, Yogyakarta, November 25th – 28th, 2019

Figure 3. Time series analysis by detecting the presence of coherence signal (red box) on TS3, TS4, and TS5 data.
Coherence signals that reach TS5 considered as noise so that measurement time sharing without noise can be
separated in several segments. Those signals showed in synchro time series view (phoenix geophysics data
processing user guide. 2005)

RES ULTS AND DIS CUS SION

Qualitative Analysis
The qualitative analysis on the data coherence showed a
coherence curve to frequency before time series analysis Low
was carried out tent to be low (Figure 4a) and after Frequencies
analyzed it produced changes in significant data increase
close to number 1 (Figure 4b). On the TE mode curve (the
green curve) and TM mode (the red curve) after time series
analysis showed the increase of data coherence on the high
frequency which was more coherent with each other which
was close to perfect coherence (value 1). At low
frequencies, the curve before time series analysis was more
dominant at the level of coherence between 0 to 0.6, but
after time series analysis was more dominant at the level of Low
coherence 0.5 to 1. That shows that noise has been reduced Frequencies
after the time series analysis.

Figure 4. Data coherence curve at point TR14 that

shows coherence value increase at low
frequencies on the data (a) before time series
analysis and (b) after time series analysis

4
PROCEEDINGS
JOINT CONVENTION YOGYAKARTA 2019, HAGI – IAGI – IAFMI- IATMI (JCY 2019)
TBA Hotel, Yogyakarta, November 25th – 28th, 2019

(a) (b)

Figure 5. Apparent resistivity curve and phases at TR14 (b) curve of time series analysis showed variation of apparent
resistivity value between TE mode and TM mode was more coherent than (a) the curve before time series
analysis.

Qualitative analysis results on the curve of apparent Table 1. Table of quality data improvement at each
resistivity and phase show coherence level before analysis measurement point which show increase
tend to be more outliers (Figure 5a) and after analysis average coherence value from 61.44% to
produces changes to be more smooth (5b). 76.93% after time series analysis.

Changes of resistivity value at the frequency 102 Hz to 101

Hz at TR14 show curve separation (splitting) between TE
mode and TM mode, its occurs because of subsuface
(geological structure) vertical contact with a certain slope
(Vozoff, 1991). At 10-1 Hz frequency show the dead bands
of M T, so the measurement result curve shows bad data.
This is characterized by phase changes in frequencies that
occurred irregularly

Quantitative Analysis
Quantitative analysis show coherence value results for each
measurement point, started from raw data, robust process,
and analysis time series result (table 1). Result of
coherence analysis show that the data was processed using
coherence ordinary robust as many as 54%, and rho
variance robust as many as 46 %. Based on robust process,
can be seen that the highest data quality improvement was
at point TR14 up to 82.94% or increased by 30.29 %.
Whereas the lowest data quality improvement was at point
TR06 which only increased by 1.78%. The lowest data
coherence was found at TR31 point with a coherence value
of 62.5%.
Overall data, coherence improvement based on robust
proces was at range 62% to 83% with an average quality
improvement of 11.4%.
Based on time series analysis, data quality increase with the
highest coherence reached 83.64% (point TR14), or quality
data improvement as many as 30.99%. Whereas the lowest
coherence reached 65.51% (TR31) or quality data
improvement as many as 7.73%. Overall data, coherence
improvement based on analysis time series was at range
66% to 86%.
DIS CUS S ION
Increase the level of data coherence for each measurement
point was shown by the graph in figure 6 with a value of
100% indicating perfect coherence. Results of time series
analysis showed near perfect of level of coherence, the
linear regression line was around 80% with the best data

5
 PROCEEDINGS
JOINT CONVENTION YOGYAKARTA 2019, HAGI – IAGI – IAFMI- IATMI (JCY 2019)
TBA Hotel, Yogyakarta, November 25th – 28th, 2019
quality at TR06 point measurement, reaching 86.44%.
Whereas before time series analysis, data coherence shown
based on linear regression line was around 60%.
Figure 6 The linear regression chart which show
quality data improvement using time
series analysis reaches 80% and the best
data quality at TR06 which reaches
86.44%
CONCLUS ION
Time series analysis can be used for reduce data which was
considered noise at certain measurement times.
Qualitatively, results of time series analysis indicate phase
and apparent resistivity curves which is at the high zone
and indicate continuity that indicates an increase in data
quality. Whereas quantitatively was shown by an increase
of coherence value on each point measurement, with an
average increase of 15,49%.
REFERENCES
Dwiyantoro, R.R., Junursyah, G.M .L., dan Yatini. 2018.
Rise of M agnetotelluric Data Quality Based
on Coherence Parameter in Savu Basin, East
Nusa Tenggara. Procedding od 2nd ISPG
Research Forum. Jakarta: 612-621.
Hidayat, A.R., Junursyah, G.M .L., dan Harja, A., 2016.
Analisis Deret waktu untuk Peningkatan
Kualitas Data M agnetotelurik (Studi Kasus
Lapangan Geothermal). Proseding Seminar
Nasional Fisika dan Aplikasinya, UNPAD,
Jatinangor: 1-10.
Junursyah, G.M .L., 2014. Laporan Akhir Kegiatan Survei
M agnetotelurik di Daerah Cekungan Tomori
dan Sekitarnya Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah.
View publication stats
Laporan internal Pusat Survei Geologi,
Bandung (tidak terbit).
M iquelutti, L., Nascimento, D., Ululugerli, E., Fontes, S.,
dan LaTerra, E., 2009. Time series analysis of
magnetotelluric data: Coherencies and
orientation. The 11th International Congress
of the Brazilian Geeophysical Society, Brazil:
1-3.
M wakirani, R., 2012. M agneto-telluric (M T) Data
Processing. Short Course VII on Exploration
for Geothermal Resources, Kenya: 1-7.
M aryani, L., Junursyah, G.M .L., dan Harja, A., 2016.
Analisis deret waktu (Time series) M etode
M agnetotelurik pada cekungan Buton dan
sekitarnya. Prosiding Seminar Nasional
Geofisika 2016, Semarang: 101-107.
Phoenix Geophysics. 2005. Data Processing User Guide.
Version 3.0. Phoenix Geophysics Ltd.,
Canada: 128h.
Phoenix Geophysics. 2010. V5 System 2000 MTU/MTU-A
User Guide. Version 2.0. Phoenix
Geophysics Ltd., Canada: 136h.
Simandjuntak, T.O., Rusmana, E., Surono, dan Supandjono
J.B., 1991. Geologi Lembar Malili, Sulawesi,
skala 1:250.000. Pusat Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Geologi, Bandung.
Simandjuntak, T.O., Surono, dan Supandjono, J.B., 1991
Geologi Lembar Poso, Sulawesi, skala
1:250.000. Pusat Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Geologi, Bandung.
Simandjuntak, T.O., Rusmana, E., dan Supandjono, J.B.,
1994. Geologi Lembar Bungku, Sulawesi,
skala 1:250.000. Pusat Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Geologi, Bandung.
Surono, Simandjuntak, T.O., Situmorang, R.L., dan
Sukido. 1994. Geologi Lembar Batui,
Sulawesi, skala 250.000. Pusat Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Geologi, Bandung.
Simpson, F., dan Bahr, K., 2005. Practical
Magnetotellurics, Cambridge University
Press. United Kingdom: 254h.
Sutarno, D., 2008. Constrained Robust Estimation of
M agnetotelluric Impedance Function Based
on a Bounded-Influence Regresion M -
Estimator and the Hilbert Transform. Nonlin.
Processes Geophys., 15: 287-293.
Vozoff, K., 1991, The M agnetotelluric method. Didalam:
Nabighian M .N. (eds.), Electromagnetic
methods in applied geophysics. Society of
Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa: 641-711.