PRE CONSTN CONSTN POST CONSTN

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 2

 PLANNING DURING TENDERING
CONSTRUCTION PLANNING
MOBILIZATION

SITE MANAGEMENT& ORGANISATION

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
CONSTRUCTION PLANNING
CONTROL AND MONITORING
COMPLETION
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 3
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 4
 “FASA YANG MERANGKUMI BERMULANYA
PENENTUAN HARGA DALAM SESUATU PROJEK
OLEH KONTRAKTOR SEHINGGALAH TARIKH
PENGAMBILALIHAN TAPAK OLEH KONTRAKTOR.”

PERANCANGAN SEMASA TENDER

PERANCANGAN PEMBINAAN
PERSEDIAAN PEMBINAAN

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 5

 MENDAPATKAN KOS YANG REALISTIK UNTUK
TAWARAN DAN JANGKA MASA PROJEK.
MENELITI ASPEK KONTRAK YANG AKAN
MEMPENGARUHI SKOP KERJA DAN IMPLIKASI
KOS YANG MUNGKIN AKAN TIMBUL KELAK.
MENGENALPASTI PERKARA-PERKARA YANG
MEMPUNYAI RISIKO TINGGI YANG AKAN
MEMPENGARUHI PRESTASI PROJEK

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 6

 AKTIVITI-AKTIVITI:
MENENTUKAN KERJA SENDIRI
MENENTUKAN KERJA SUB-KONTRAKTOR
MENENTUKAN KESAHIHAN DAN
KETEPATAN LUKISAN
MENENTUKAN PEMERIKSAAN TAPAK
DIJALANKAN

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 7

 TAKRIFAN:
SATU PROSES MEMBUAT PILIHAN KEATAS
KAEDAH BINAAN YANG SESUAI DAN RENTETAN
KERJA-KERJA UNTUK PEMBINAAN DAN
PENYIAPAN PROJEK.

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 8

FAKTOR-FAKTOR UTAMA DALAM PERANCANGAN
PRA BINAAN:

• KOS BINAAN
• MASA SIAP
• KEDAPATAN SUMBER-SUMBER BINAAN
• KUALITI KERJA
• FAKTOR-FAKTOR KESELAMATAN

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 9

KENAPA PERLU MERANCANG???
• KEPUTUSAN KEATAS PESANAN BAHAN BINAAN
• ELAK DARIPADA BEBAN BERLEBIHAN
• ANGGARAN KEPERLUAN BAHAN BINAAN
• PENENTUAN LOKASI UNTUK TEMPAT SIMPANAN
• PENENTUAN TARIKH UNTUK PESAN SEMULA
• PENENTUAN RENTETAN KERJA
• PENENTUAN PROGRAM KERJA
• TENTUKAN KEUTAMAAN
• MENDAPATKAN MAKLUMAT TENTANG BURUH
• MENDAPATKAN MAKLUMAT TENTANG SUB-KONT.
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 10
 SKOP KERJA:

• PERANCANGAN TAPAK
• PERANCANGAN BAHAN BINAAN
• PERANCANGAN TENAGA KERJA
• PERANCANGAN LOJI DAN PERALATAN
• PROGRAM KERJA
• PERANCANGAN KOS
• PERATURAN DAN UNDANG-UNDANG
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 11
 KELULUSAN PIHAK BERKUASA
PENDAFTARAN PEKERJA
INSURAN
BON PERLAKSANAAN
PENYEDIAAN JADUAL KERJA
AMBIL GAMBAR
PENYIASATAN TAPAK
PENGUJIAN TAPAK
PENGUKURAN ARAS
SEMPADAN TAPAK
PAGAR TAPAK
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 12
 • PAPAN TANDA PROJEK
• KERJA PEROBOHAN
• PERKHIDMATAN SEMENTARA
• PEJABAT URUSETIA
• PEJABAT KONTRAKTOR
• SETOR SIMPANAN
• BENGKEL KERJA
• TEMPAT TINGGAL, KANTIN, TANDAS PKERJA
• KEMUDAHAN ASAS
• PEMILIHAN LOJI
• JALAN MASUK
• PEMILIKAN TAPAK
• NOTIS MULA KERJA
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 13
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 14
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 15
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 16
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 17
 MANAGING CONSTRUCTION SITE: A CHALLENGE
MOBILE
EVERY SITE IS UNIQUE
DIFFERENT SITES HAVE DIFFERENT
CHARACTERISTIC AND REQUIREMENTS
DIFFERENT OUTPUT
DIFFERENT CONDITION

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 18

 FACTORS TO BE CONSIDER IN SITE
ORGANISATION/LAYOUT:
SITE ACTIVITIES
SITE EFFICIENCY
ONSITE MOVEMENT
SITE CONTROL
FACILITIES ON SITE:
WORKERS
MATERIALS
WORKSHOPS
ACCESS
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 19
 ENTRANCE
SIGN BOARD ACCESS ON SITE

SITE SAFETY TEMPORARY

SITE RESIDENTIAL
REQUIREMENT
TEMPORARY
CAR PARK
SERVICES

MOBILE & STATIC WORKSHOP STORAGE AREA

PLANT
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 20
CRITICAL FACTORS IN SITE MANAGEMENT
LOCATION OF SITE
TYPE OF SITE
TOPOGRAPHY
TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT
ACCESSIBILITY
METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
MATERIALS TO USED
PLANT TO BE USED
CONTRACT PERIOD
INITIAL CAPITAL
CLIENT/PROFESSIONAL
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 21
 MANAGING CONSTRUCTION RESOURCES

MANPOWER
MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS
PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
TIME
MONEY

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 22

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 23
 “TO BRING TO THE PROJECT THE
APPROPRIATE MATERIALS AT THE RIGHT
TIME, QUANTITY AND PRICE TO ENABLE
CONSTRUCTION WORKS TO PROCEED
ACCORDING TO THE PROGRAMME AND TO
THE NECCESSARY QUALITY STANDARDS.”
NEWCOMBE 90

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 24

 Materials
What CONSTRUCTION
INFORMATION PRODUCTION
When
Where

THE PROSES

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 25

 MATERIALS PROGRAMME
PURCHASING SCHEDULE + METHOD
POLICY STATEMENT

CONTRACT MARKET
DOCUMENT INTELLIGENT

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 26

 PURCHASING POLICY

The body of principles which will guide

the buying function of the organisation.

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 27

PURCHASING MANUAL SHOULD INCLUDE:
ORGANISATION
POLICY
PROCEDURE

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 28

 ORGANISATION
CHARTS – PURCHASING RELATED
JOB DESCRIPTION – PURCHASING FUNCTION

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 29

 POLICY
STATEMENT OF POLICY INCLUDES
OBJECTIVE, RESPONSIBILITY AND
AUTHORITY
GENERAL PRINCIPLE OF PURCHASING
TERM AND CONDITION
RELATIONSHIP WITH SUPPLIER
SUPPLIER SELECTION
REPORT TO MANAGEMENT

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 30

 PROCEDURE
PURCHASING PROCEDURE
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
DISPOSAL PROCEDURE
REFERENCE TO PURCHASE RECORD AND
THEIR MAINTENANCE

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 31

 CONTRACT DOCUMENT
DRAWINGS
SPECIFICATIONS
BILL OF QUANTITIES

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 32

 MARKET INTELLIGENCE
SEEKING INFORMETION RELATED TO:
MATERIALS
SOURCES/SUPPLIERS
PRICE
QUANTITY
DELIVERY
QUALITY
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 33
 ENQUIRIES
EVALUATING
PLACING ORDER
PROGRESS CHASING
RECEIVING
STORING
HANDLING
INCORPORATING
PAYING
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 34
 THE EVALUATING STAGE
EVALUATING FACTORS
•BASIC PRICE
•DISCOUNTS
•SURCHARGES
•DELIVERY TIME
•LOCATION OF SUPPLIERS
•QUALITY ASSUARANCE
•PAYMENT STRUCTURE
•TRANSIT CHARGES
•WHERE THEY ARE REQUIRED
•TERMS AND CONDITIONS

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 35

 STORING OF MATERIALS

•EXPENSIVE & PORTABLE MATERIALS - LOCKUP

•PROTECTION OF MATERIALS
•ACCESS FOR MACHINES
•LOCATION OF MATERIALS AS CLOSE AS PRACTICAL
TO THEIR INTENDED USE,
•SAFETY IN THE SOTRAGE OF BULK MATERIALS

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 36

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 37
 MISINTERPRATE DRAWING
OVER ESTIMATE
FAULTY WORKMANSHIP
CARELESS
HANDLING
TRANSPORT TO STORAGE
STORAGE TO CONSTRUCTION
DURING CONSTRUCTION
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 38
 PREPLAN STACKING & STORAGE AREA
CHECKING VEHICLES AND MATERIALS ON ARRIVAL
ACCOUNTING FOR MATERIALS INCLUDING
RECORDING WASTE LEVEL
EMPLOYMENT MATERIAL ADVISOR
USE OF SCHEDULE OF MATERIALS

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 39

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 40
 TO BRING TO THE PROJECT THE
CONSTRUCTION PLANT WHICH CAN
ENABLE CONSTRUCTION WORKS TO
PROCEED ACCORDING TO PROGRAMME
AND SERVE THE SITE LABOUR IN AN
APPROPRIATE MANNER.

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 41

 CONVERSION
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 42

 INPUT
PLANT
POLICY

MARKET PLANT
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM

CONSTRUCTION
OPERATION
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 43
 ADDRESS A BROAD STRATEGIC ISSUES
ON PLANT + EQUIPMENT

DEPEND ON:
CIVIL CONTRACTORS
MANAGEMENT CONTRACTORS
REFURBISHMENT CONTRACTORS

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 44

 SPREAD OF ACTIVITY FOR A CONTRACTOR

WIDE PORTFOLIO GENERAL TYPE OF

PLANT AND
EQUIPMENT

SPECIALISED FIRM FOCUSSED PLANT POLICY.

HOLDING SPECIALISED
EQUIPMENT .
HIRE IN GENERAL NEEDS.

MAINTAIN FLEXIBILITY RATHER THAN COST REDUCTION

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 45

 CONSTRUCTION METHOD

CONVENTIONAL DIFFERENT
PLANT
STANDARDISED/PREFAB POLICY

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 46

 MAINTENANCE

DUTY AND RESPONSIBILITY

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 47

 MARKET INTELLIGENT
PRESENT NEW PLANT AND THE OVERALL PLANT
STRATEGY TO THE TOP MANAGEMENT.
ANTICIPATED OUTPUT FROM VARIOUS MACHINERY
– TO ESTIMATING DEPARTMENT.
TO IDENTIFY THE RIGHT PIECE OF EQUIPMENT FOR
A PARTICULAR NEED ON THE SITE.

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 48

 CONSTRUCTION OPERATION

TYPE OF PLANT VS TYPE OF

CONTRACTORS

THE PRE TENDER PLANNING ASSIST

SELECTION OF PLANT

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 49

 Analysis Of Plant
Requirement
Investigation Of Plant PLANT SCHEDULE
Sources
Delivery To Site
Security On Site MAINTENANCE

Operating Within The

Law
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 50
 ANALYSIS OF PLANT REQUIREMENT
TYPE
DURATION

INVESTIGATION OF PLANT SOURCES

FIRM OWNED FLEET
PURCHASE NEW PLANT
FROM PLANT HIRE COMPANY
LEASING ARRANGEMENT
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 51
 FACTORS INFLUENCE DECISION

ECONOMICS
TYPE AND CONDITION OF OWN FLEET
TYPE OF PROJECT
DURATION REQUIRED
AVAILABILITY OF OPERATORS
LOCATION OF SITE TO PLANT DEPO

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 52

 DELIVERY TO SITE
TRANSPORTATION OF PLANT
POLICE PERMIT
ROUTE TO TAKE
TIMING OF DELIVERY
NEED OF ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT FOR
UNLOADING
SPECIALIST LABOUR FOR THE DELIVERY
PROCESS
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 53
 SECURITY ON SITE
THEFT
SAFETY OF THE SITE ENVIRONMENT

LEGAL FRAMEWORK
FACTORY ACT
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
ACT (OSHA)

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 54

 MONTH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 REMARKS
TYPE OF PLANT
PROVIDE WTH N METRES
COMPRESSOR OF HOSE AND 2 GUN
MAINTAIN IN 6 MONTH
DELIVERY TRUCK
MOBILE CRANE TO
TOWER CRANE OFFLOAD + FITTER TO
ASSEMBLE
EXCAVATOR HIRED IN FROM ABC CO.

LORRIES HIRED FROM ABC CO.

A TYPICAL PLANT SCHEDULE

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 55
 INPUT CONVERSION PROSCESS OUTPUT
ANALYSIS OF
PLANT REQ
PLANT POLICY INVESTIGATION
OF PLANT
PLANT
SOURCES
PLANT SCHEDULE
MARKET DELIVERY TO SITE
SYSTEM
INTELLIGENT MAINTENANCE
SECURITY ON SITE
OPERATING
CONSTRUCTION WITHIN THE LAW
OPERATION

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 56

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 57
 ADDRESS A BROAD STRATEGIC ISSUES
ON CONSTRUCTION MANPOWER
DEPENDS ON:
CIVIL CONTRACTORS
MANAGEMENT CONTRACTORS
REFURBISHMENT CONTRACTORS
TYPE OF CONTRACT
PROCUREMENT METHOD
SITE LOCATION

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 58

 SPREAD OF ACTIVITY FOR A CONTRACTOR

WIDE PORTFOLIO GENERAL TYPE OF WORKERS

EMPLOY SPECIALIST SUB-
CONTRACTORS.

SPECIALISED FIRMS FOCUSSED MANPOWER POLICY

HOLDING SPECIALISED WORKERS

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 59

 CONSTRUCTION METHOD

CONVENTIONAL DIFFERENT
MANPOWER
STANDARDISED/PREFAB POLICY

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 60

 MARKET INTELLIGENT
PRESENT UPDATED INFORMATION ON LABOUR
AND SUB-CONTRACTORS AND THE OVERALL
STRATEGY TO THE TOP MANAGEMENT.
ANTICIPATED COST FROM UPDATED INFO – TO
ESTIMATING DEPARTMENT.
TO IDENTIFY THE RIGHT MANPOWER AND SUB-
CONT. FOR A PARTICULAR NEED ON THE SITE.

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 61

 Analysis Of M/power
Requirement
Investigation Of MANPOWER
Sources SCHEDULE
Utilisation On Site
Operating Within The
Law
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 62
 ANALYSIS OF M/POWER REQUIREMENT
TYPE
DURATION

INVESTIGATION OF M/POWER SOURCES

FIRM OWNED
EMPLOY NEW WORKERS
USING SUB-CONTRACTORS

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 63

 UTILISATION ON SITE
TYPE OF WORKS
WHAT WORKS
WHEN TO START/FINISH
WHERE TO EMPLOY
WHEN TO HIRE SUB-CONTRACTOR
WHEN TO FIRE THEM
WHEN AND WHERE WORK INVOLVED
SPECIALIST SUB-CONTRACTORS
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 64
 LEGAL FRAMEWORK

LABOUR LAW
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
ACT (OSHA)

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 65

 MONTH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 REMARKS
TYPE OF M/POWER
TECHNICAL STAFF OWNED

GENERAL WORKERS OWNED WORKERS

BRICKLAYER SUB-CONTRACTOR

CONCRETOR HIRED IN FROM XYZ CO.

SCAFFOLDERS HIRED FROM ABC CO.

A TYPICAL MANPOWER SCHEDULE

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 66
 INPUT CONVERSION PROSCESS OUTPUT

ANALYSIS OF
MANPOWER M/POWER REQ
POLICY INVESTIGATION
OF M/POWER
SOURCES MANPOWER
MARKET SCHEDULE
UTILISATION ON
INTELLIGENT
SITE
OPERATING
CONSTRUCTION WITHIN THE LAW
OPERATION

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 67

4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 68
PROGRAMMING AND SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES:

BAR CHART
ARROW NETWORKING
CRITICAL PATH METHOD
PRECEDENCE DIAGRAM
RESOURCE AGGREGATION & LEVELLING
LINE OF BALANCE
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 69
Control and Monitoring
Monitoring during construction
Control during construction
Common method of control and monitoring

oo2006
Monitoring during construction
Method/s of utilizing personnel, tools such ICT and Multi-
media to monitor construction activities.
Practical approach – site manager is on-site and visit work
area on regular basis and unannounced basis.
Effectiveness of monitoring - site manager uses his skill to
identify potential problems, record keeping for analysis and
reporting and feedback.
Requires administrative work, no problem if management
information system set-up.

oo2006
Monitoring during construction
Specific monitoring activities includes –
supervising, work area visit, recording to the
MIS, receiving feedback, problem identification,
producing reports as required.
Daily briefing – start and end; weekly meeting,
site meeting, specific meeting
Efficient communication with head office

oo2006
Control during construction
Control is the process of action that can adjust,
re-schedule or re-leveling of all that has been
planned to achieve the desired results or
objectives
Control may involve drastic, ad-hoc or turn-
around decision that may involve re-adjustment
of objectives of project or involve termination, re-
assignment and or re-deployment of
resources
oo2006
Control during construction
Important control activities:
1. - data, records or analysis of achievement against
targeted
2. - Good monitoring system
3. - Periodical achievement review
4. - Thrust on project objectives
5. - Optimum utilisation of resources
Good and efficient construction managers – manage by
planning to the objectives of project

oo2006
Actions on planning and control

 Re-planning of short term construction activities

 Rechecking of main construction programme
 Redirection of project objectives
 Re-determination of project objectives
 Re-deployment of project resources

oo2006
Management of Fitting Out
Fitting
Packages

oo2006
Fitting-out
'fitting out' a more recent terminology.
Many projects is now fragmented into phases and may be let out or procured to
different contractors and having different sets of consultants
Example – commercial complex with long term leases
Project with different fitting out contracts – main contractor may end its main
services with completion of ‘shell’ work and continue to provide integration
services to fitting out contractor/s – higher risks
Good alternative – Main contractor given completion certificate and fitting out
contractor given the task of completing the works
Project with NSC fitting out contractors – treat as part of NSC’s management

oo2006
Work packages for fitting out

Fitting of electrical items and lighting

Fitting of 'built in furniture'
Fitting of specific finishes – carpets, claddings, wall papers
and special decorative ceilings
Fitting of movable furniture's and fittings
Fitting of signage's and postings
Fitting of interior design structures
Fitting of exterior design structures
Fitting of landscape and plantings
Fittings of final fabrics
oo2006
Management of Commissioning
Inspection, testing and mock-up
Engineering commissioning
Client’s commissioning
Handing-over

oo2006
Inspection, testing and approvals

The following will be undertaken by consultants when work

especially services is completed
a. Inspection on site or off-site to determine work is
according to specification, materials testing and quality of
work
b. Testing of services performance such as engineering
and infrastructure services
c. Preparing schedules for testing of materials, works and
mock-up and issued periodically.

oo2006
Engineering commissioning
Commissioning is an important function of consultants and
contractors is expected to assist and facilitate
The following needs to be executed including engineering
scope of work and contract documentation and commissioning
scheduling by contractor
The planning :-
Testing by suppliers at the site
Contractors testing prior to consultants testing
Inspection before testing
Inspection of systems
Testing of systems
Demonstration to clients
oo2006
Client’s commissioning
Done after engineering commissioning usually specified in the contract
Contractor needs to ensure all plants, equipments, and temporary services
is dismantled to allow for full functioning of facilities
Contractor is responsible for ensuring all is ready for full commissioning
and no contractors equipment may stand in the way
Before commissioning contractor to ensure all preliminaries requirement
for completion of work is undertaken .

oo2006
Handing-over
Handing over is the final activity before construction is legally completed
Obligation of contractor however continues in the provision of DLP and
making good defects and rectification work
Good practice in handing over is ensuring CF can be issued although not
always so.
The interim period of handing over [CPC] to CF is always a gray area in
contract management.

oo2006
Post Construction
Certificate of completion
Certificate of fitness
Non-completion certificate and implications
Making good Defects
Finalizing the variations to the contract
Completing the final account
Certificate of making good defects
oo2006
Other Factors causing problems during construction and post
construction

Processes with multitude of problems

Successful projects factors
Unsuccessful projects factors
Methods and approaches to solving site and
construction related problems

oo2006
END OF MANAGING
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
4/1/2021 AHAB/PM/MOD 2/JUN01 87