FLUID MECHANICS

Unit I: Introduction, Fluid statics, Application of fluid statics,

Manometer, Types of manometer, Dimensional analysis of flow.

By: Dr. Vandana Gupta

 Dimensional analysis
Q. The force F exerted on a body immersed in a flowing fluid is dependent on the
relative velocity between the solid and the fluid u, fluid density ρ, fluid viscosity μ and
a characteristic length of the body l. Using Rayleigh’s method, determine the
dimensionless group in which the dimensional variable may be arranged.
• As the fluid is in equilibrium so the resultant of these forces is zero
• Hence, force balance in z direction (from eq 1,2 and 3)
p𝑧.Δx.Δy p. Δx.Δy ρ.Δx.Δy.Δz.g
− − =0
2 2 6
Dividing both side by Δx.Δy
p𝑧 p ρ.Δz.g
− − = 0 -----------------(4)
2 2 6
As moving towards point O, Δz tends to zero and g will be negligible
So, from eq 4,
p𝑧=p
Similarly for force balance along x and y direction gives
p𝑥= p𝑦 = p𝑧=p
So, in a stationary mass of a single static fluid pressure is constant or
independent of direction.