2017 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)

Design of Squared shape SRR metamaterial By

Using Rectangular microstrip patch antenna at
2.85 GHz
Nazia Abdullah*1,Gauraw Bhardwaj*2, Sunita*3

M.tech Scholar,Dept.ECE,GWEC*1, Assistant Prof.,Dept.ECE,GWEC*2, Lecturar,Dept.ECE,GWEC*3,Ajmer

er.naziaabdullah@gmail.com, gwecaexam@gmail.com, olasunita30@gmail.com

Abstract—A Design and frequency decrease of RMPA antenna II. DESIGN & EQUATIONS OF MICROSTRIP
secured with more extensive frequency metamaterial along with PATCH ANTENNA
SRR on the RMPA at height of 3.2mm from ground plane with
Square shaped SRR has been proposed. In inset feed, RMPA step1- Width (W) of the radiating patch is given by the
resonates at 2.85 GHz frequency with relying on application of equation
Wi-Max. After, then RMPA antenna incorporated with SRRs.
Metamaterial structure gives diminishment in bandwidth and
change consequently in return loss at specific 2.709GHz resonant
frequency of operation and observed that the return loss
improved by 10.57dB. Beforehand, utilizing MS-EXCEL,
Nicolson- Ross-Weir (NRW) approach is completed the negative where,
permittivity and negative permeability within the frequency
range through simulated in CST microwave studio. İr - dielectric constant of substrate
c0 - Speed of light
Keywords- Rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA), Double
f0 - Resonance Frequency
Negative Metamaterial, Squared shape SRR, Nicolson- Ross-Weir
(NRW)
step2-calculation of Effective dielectric constant is given as:
I. INTRODUCTION

I n wireless communication system, RMPA assumes

imperative part because of its inventive properties such as ease
of analysis, less cost, light weight, easy to feed and their
attractive radiation property and application. Metamaterial step3- Calculate actual patch length as
(MTM) are the material produced from manufactured
materials that are not found in the nature but rather can be
built. This irregular property has made it a range of last
few decades. In this paper metamaterial acknowledged as where,
utilizing SRR and strip lines because of property of SRR
having the capability to reduce the size of antenna frequency
range. Electromagnetic metamatreials are effectively
homogenous structure which are not effortlessly found in
neutral material. In this work metamaterial structure made out step4-Calculate extension in length as
of three squared SRR ring which associated to each other with
strip lines. Microstrip patch antenna with metamatrial for
nearly S-band frequency has been proposed. Hence,
metamaterial structure has the potential to improve efficiency
of RMPA and reduce the size of frequency range application
outline.
Rectangular Microstrip Patch antenna design using the
parameter ascertained from the above talked about formulae.

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 2017 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)

The most essential and overwhelming variable parameter on

which is an execution of antenna depends on incorporate
measurement of the patch and feed system. In this paper,
microstrip line (50 ohm) feed has been used in fig 1,the
dimension of rectangular shaped antenna substrate is of FR-4
of 80mm*80mm and dielectric constant (İr) = 4.3, height =
1.6, and loss tangent (tan į) = 0.02 respectively.

The following parameters are used to design of proposed

RMPA and Metamaterial:

Table I. Design parameters

Fig. 2. S-parameter Shows the Return Loss -26.52 dB and Bandwidth 76.7
MHz (2.8109-2.8876) of RMPA
PARAMETER
SYMBOL DIMENSIONS/UNITS

W Patch width 24.34 mm

L Patch length 31.78 mm

Wf Width of feed 2.9 mm

Lf Width of feed 37.82 mm

line
Fi Cut depth 8 mm

Wg Cut width 4 mm

Fig. 3. 3D-Radiation Pattern of antenna

An Antenna shows the efficiency and 7.653dBi directivity

Fig.1. Proposed RMPA antenna geometry

Simulation of the above RMPA structure using on CST

software showing its return loss -26.52db at 2.85 GHz and
radiation pattern are as showed up in figure 2 and figure 3.

Fig. 4. Smith chart without metamaterial

In this paper, metamaterial just counterfeit material which in

not generally large found in nature. according to the
hypothesis of veselago, SRR having shows at the

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 2017 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)

simultaneously both negative electric permittivity and Where,

negative magnetic permeability values. The length and width
of the SRR are 10 mm and 12 mm respectively and the split v1 = Voltage maxima
gap width is 2 mm.
v2 = Voltage minima

Ȧ = Frequency in Radian

d = Substrate thickness

c = Speed of light/vacuum

improving the Permeability and Permittivity with both

negative values of SRR metamaterial designed at the height
of 3.2 mm on the ground plane.

Figure 6 and 7 provides permeability and permittivity with

Fig. 5. measurement perspective of metamaterial structure both negative values, the graph is shown in MS-EXCEL at
2.85GHz Resonant frequency.
The two waveguide ports propagate on metamaterial structure
design from both sides of X-direction. On other hand, in the
request to extracting S-Parameter, the Y-axis and z-axis is 2000
featured by tight perfect electric field on y-axis and Perfect
1000
magnetic field on Z-axis respectively. The exact value of
permittivity and permeability has been analyzed and 0

Re[μr]
calculated by using MS-EXCEL and simulate on CST 0 1 2 3 4
Software. With respect to calculating the frequency of -1000
metamaterial, the Nicolson-Ross-Weir method has been used.
-2000
-3000
Frequency

Fig. 7. permeability vs. Frequency graph

2000
1000
0
Re[‫ם‬r]

0 1 2 3 4
Fig. 6. proposed squared SRR placed between two waveguide port at positive
-1000
& negative
-2000
III. NICOLSON-ROSS-WEIR APPROACH -3000
Frequency
On premise of recorded S11 & S21 parameters, to calculate
the both permittivity and permeability values of metamaterial
using the Nicolson-Ross-Weir approach (NRW) equation. Fig. 8. Permittivity vs. Frequency graph

ଶǤ௖Ǥሺଵି௩ଵሻ RMPA structure loaded with SRR metamaterial design is

μr= (1)
ఠǤௗǤ௜ሺଵା௩ሻ shown in Fig.8.
ଶǤௌଵଵǤ௖Ǥ௜
ɸr= μr + (2)
ఠǤௗ

V1=S11+S21
V2=S21-S11

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 2017 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)
Fig. 9. Antenna loaded with square SRR interconnected strip line
metamaterial structure
SRR metamaterial structure on RMPA diminishes the antenna
size while decrease the bandwidth and the directivity by
0.53dbi and total efficiency increasing. Figure 9 demonstrates
the return loss -37.09 at 2.706 GHz .
Fig. 10. Metamaterial Structure shows the Return Loss of -37.-09dB and the
Bandwidth of 54.5MHz (2.6784-2.7329)
Fig. 11. 3D-Radiation Pattern of RMPA shows the efficiency and 7.123dBi
directivity
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Fig. 12. Smith chart of metamaterial
IV. ANALYSIS & SIMULATED RESULT
In this section, on the basis of simulated results of RMPA
antenna and metamaterial on the CST Microwave studio
respectively. we obtained the return loss has fundamentally
reduced by 10.57dB and the bandwidth increased 22.2 MHz it
is clear from figure 3 and figure 9. Antenna operated at
frequency 2.85 GHz which is provides WLAN application
short of direction. Basically radiation pattern is measure of
power or radiation dissemination as for a specific 3D-
Radiation Pattern of the rectangular microstrip patch antenna
shows that the directivity is 7.653 dBi shown in Fig. 3,where
as the 3D-Radiation pattern of typically RMPA loaded with
the SRR metamaterial, which shows that the directivity is
7.123 dBi shown in Fig. 10.
V. CONCLUSION
The "three squared SRR interconnected with strip lines
designs" metamaterial structure with RMPA has been
proposed in this paper. The simulated results with and without
metamaterial enhance the return loss by 10.57 dB and also
directivity is likewise great. Improving metamaterial
structures by double negative property, at negative
permeability and negative permittivity on MS-EXCEL
program. It is clearly analyzed that antenna gain, bandwidth,
and directivity consequently enhence by utilizing SRR
metamaterial structure.
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 2017 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)

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