INSTRUCCIONES y PUNTUACION Conteste a las preguntas de tipo test (25 en total) en la hoja de lectura éptica. Al final del examen, entregue UNICAMENTE la hoja de lectura éptica y LA ULTIMA HOJA de este examen, en cuyo reverso escribiré las redacciones. Asegdrese de que sus datos personales aparecen en ambas hojas. Puede llevarse el resto del examen Esta prueba escrita se califica en total sobre 10 puntos: = Las preguntas con respuesta multiple (“multiple choice questions”) valen 5 puntos. Con cada respuesta correcta en el test obtiene 0.20 puntos. Cada respuesta incorrecta resta 0.06 puntos. = Las redacciones (“compositions”) valen 5 puntos. Para ser evaluadas, cada una debe contar con un minimo de 80 palabras, y entre las dos, sumer al menos 200 palabras. Se superaré la prueba escrita si se obtienen 3 puntos en las preguntas con respuesta multiple y 3 puntos en las redacciones, como minimo. MODELO D 1, READING COMPREHENSION TEXT 1: Bank Online or the Old-Fashioned Way? Online banking is the way of the future. They seem to have it all: relatively high interest (0) , Stellar customer s vice, low fees, and the added bonus of 24/7 (1) to your finances with the click of a button, Still, online banking isn't for everyone, Richard Barrington, a senior financial analyst, breaks down the pros and cons. Security: This is one issue that scares many people away from taking their banking online, but it Q) Even traditional banks have all your financial information stored in a big data center (3) could be vulnerable to hackers. Remember to avoid doing any online banking on a public or shared WiFi connection, since that's when your information can be most easily intercepted. Fees: “Online banking is a really good option for younger customers - the fees as a whole are lower, the balance requirements are (4) lower, and young people as a rule are comfortable with technology," Barrington said. ATMs: Banking is all about getting cash when you need it, and Barrington said people should look at the locations of a bank's ATMs (5) they open an account. Deposits: Web-based banks offer a few different options to deposit physical checks. "People are for the most part checking their balances online, getting information online, but when it comes to depositing a check, they'd much rather hand it to a(n) (6) Barrington said. Interest rates: Online banks typically have better interest rates than traditional banks because they don't need to take any funds to operate buildings. In a recent study, online banks were found to have about six times (7) interest rates than the nationwide average. Customer service: If you like to deal with the people (8) your money via email or over the phone, go digital. If you'd rather have someone to talk things through with face-to-face, stick with* a regular bank. But if you'd rather use a traditional bank to complete your transactions.or get questions answered in person, you'll need to visit your bank during normal business hours and make sure it's not a bank holiday. Personal preference: Having a personal relationship with a banker can be a big benefit for people, but keep in mind that banks have been closing physical branches to cut costs. If you're comfortable with technology, keeping your (9) in an online bank is a great option. "I think the common denominator is that online banking is cheaper for banks to (10) because they're not supporting a physical branch and people to staff that branch," Barrington said. "Even banks that offer both are likely to offer you higher rates and lower fees if you choose online options." From bttp://s *Stick with: To continue with something. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS For questions 1-10, choose the answer (A, B or C) which best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). EXAMPLE: (0).a) accounts b) deposits ) rates 1. a) access b) fares c) savings 2. a) shouldn’t b) mustn’t c) couldn’t 3..a) when b) whose c) that 4.a) despite b) also c) however 5. a) before b) whether c) while 6. a) teller b) loan c) exchange 7. a) lower b) higher c) further 8. a) financing b) managing ©) involving 9. a) budget b) savings c) withdrawals 10. a) provide b) deserve ¢) stir TEXT 2: Benefits of Yoga May Go Bone-Deep Yoga enthusiasts link the practice to a long list of health benefits, including greater flexibility, stronger muscles, better posture and balance, reduced emotional and physical stress, and increasedself-esteem. But definitively proving these benefits is challenging, requiring years of costly research. A pharmaceutical company is unlikely to fund* a study that doesn’t involve a drug, and in any event, the research requires a large group of volunteers tracked over a very long time. No one knows these challenges better than Dr. Loren M. Fishman, a psychiatrist at Columbia University who specializes in rehabilitative medicine. For years, he has been gathering* evidence on yoga and bone health, hoping to determine whether yoga might be an effective therapy for osteoporosis. The idea is not widely accepted in the medical community, but then, researchers know comparatively little about complementary medicine in general. So in 2005, Dr. Fishman began a small pilot of study of yoga moves. Medications can produce adverse side effects like gastrointestinal distress and fractures of the femur. “Yoga puts more pressure on bone than gravity does,” he said in an interview. “By opposing one group of muscles against another, it stimulates osteocytes, the bone-making cells.” Most experts argue that it is difficult, perhaps impossible, for adults to gain significant bone mass. Dr. Fishman invested his own money and with three collaborators solicited volunteers worldwide via the Internet for his small pilot study. Of the 741 people who joined his experiment from 2005 to 2015, 227 (202 of them women) followed through with doing the 12 assigned yoga poses daily or at least every other day. The average age of the 227 participants upon joining the study was 68, and 83 percent had osteoporosis or its precursor, osteopenia. A decade after the start of the study, the findings showed improved bone density in the spine and femur of the 227 participants. Improvements were seen in bone density in the hip as well, but they were not statistically significant. “Yoga looks like it’s safe, even for people who have suffered significant bone loss,” Dr. Fishman said in an interview. The study has many limitations, but all told, the team concluded, the results may lend support to Dr. Fishman’s long-held belief that yoga can help reverse* bone loss. “Spinal fractures can result from poor posture, and there’s no medication for that, but yoga is helpful,” he said. om 201 S/12/2 1/12 From bttp://well bones/?mabR of-yoga-for-sironger *fund: to provide money for a project. *gathering: accumulating. *reverse: to turn in the opposite order. For questions 11-20, choose the answer (A, B or C) which best fits according to the text. There is an example at the beginning (0). 0. Yoga benefits a) have been scient ally provenb) have not been scientifically proven. ¢) are related to conventional medicine. 11. People who practice yoga tend to believe that a) yoga can increase their psychological issues. b) yoga can reduce their level of stress. c) yoga can fix all their diseases. 12, Proving the benefits of yoga a) is not an easy matter. ) has to be sponsored by a pharmaceutical company. c) should be paid by yoga enthusiasts. 13. Dr. Fishman has tried . a) to find the support of a pharmaceutical company for his study. b) to find out the benefits of yoga for bone related diseases. ¢) to introduce rehabilitative medicine to yoga practitioners. 14, Alternative medicine a) tends to be systematically ignored by the medical community. b) is being increasingly analyzed by the medical community. c) has not been extensively studied by the medical community. 15. Dr. Fishman thinks that a) the practice of yoga can increase the number of osteocytes. b) gravity doesn’t affect the production of osteocytes. c) some cells oppose to others when producing osteoc 16. The gaining of bone density a) is doubted by many experts. b) can cause the production of osteocytes. ¢) requires expensive medication. 17. Which of the following statements is true? a) Most people who joined Dr. Fishman’s study were women. b) People from different nationalities took part in Dr. Fishman’s study. c) Several collaborators helped Dr. Fishman with their own money. 18. The results of the pilot study showed a) an improvement in the bone quality of the participants. b) an improvement only in the spine and femur of the participants. c) an irrelevant improvement in male participants. 19. Which of the following words is closer to the meaning of “joined”, as used in the text? a) entered b) maintained c) reviewed. 20. Which of the following statements is true? a) Dr, Fishman’s ideas concerning yoga could be right. b) Patients suffering from osteoporosis should not practice yoga. c) Bone loss is not related to spinal fractures.2, USE OF ENGLISH Choose the correct answer. EXAMPLE: 0. My apartment isn’t yours. a) as big as b) big as ©) bigger as 21. A group of experts is restoring the antique painting. The antique painting a) is restored by a group of experts. b) is being restored by a group of experts. c) was being restored by a group of experts. 22. In summer, __ there are lots of tourists, the hotel is full. a) when b) where ©) that 23, She came to work having a cold. a) although b) however ©) in spite of 24. 1f 1 enough money, I to the Caribbean. a) had had/ would fly b) had had / would have flown c) had / will fly 25. “We arrived yesterday”. Last week they told me that a) they have arrived the previous day. ) they had arrived yesterday. c) they had arrived the previous day. 3. COMPOSITIONS Write two compositions about these topics following the guidelines provided. Also, remember to read the instructions above. Task 1: Write an e-mail to a friend telling him/her about a frightening or exciting experience that you had in the past. You should: © use both past simple and past continuous. @ use connectors of sequence. Task 2: Write an essay on this topic: Imagine a world without cell phones. You should answer the following questions: © Would society be able to function right? ¢ How would our lives be without cell phones? What would you do in a world without cell phones?