From a linguistic perspective, the word "psychology" comes from Greek which consists

of two words, namely psyches and logos. The word psyches means soul or spirit and the word

logos means science or knowledge. Psychology according to Hardjana (1985: 66) is also used to

observe the behavior of characters in novels or literary works. If the character's behavior is in

accordance with what is known about human psychological aspects, then the use of

psychological theory can be said to be successful.

One approach that can be used to study literature is literary psychology. Literary

psychology is a literature study which is believed to reflect psychological processes and

activities (Minderop, 2010: 52). Psychology-related literature is important for research because

according to Wellek and Warren (1993: 108) that psychology helps in gathering researchers'

sensitivity to reality, sharpens abilities, observations and provides opportunities to study patterns

that have not been touched before. As a psychological symptom, psychology in literature

contains phenomena that can be seen through the behavior of the characters. Without the

presence of literary psychology with various psychological references, it is possible that literary

understanding will be lame. At least the other side of literature will be understood proportionally

with literary psychology research (Endraswara, 2008: 7).

Certainly, the purpose of literary psychology is to understand the psychological aspects

contained in a literary work (Ratna, 2004: 342). In addition, the literary psychology approach is

an approach that views literature as a psychological activity. The writer will use his creativity,

taste, and style in creating literary works. In addition, he also captures mental symptoms which

are then processed into texts and completed with psychiatric texts. The experiences and

experiences of the writer's own soul will be projected into a series of imaginary literary texts

(Wellek Warren, 1989: 108).

 According to Wellek Warren (1995: 90) the term literary psychology has four possible

meanings, namely; (1) the study of the psychology of the author as a type or as a person, (2) the

study of the creative process, (3) the study of types and psychological laws applied to literary

works, (4) the impact of literature on readers (psychology of readers).

There are three ways to understand the relationship between psychology and literature,

namely (1) understanding the psychological elements of the author as a writer, (2) understanding

the psychological elements of fictional characters in literary works, (3) understanding the

psychological elements. readers (Ratna, 2004: 343). In this study, 12 ways to connect

psychology and literature are understanding the psychological elements of fictional characters in

literary works.

Therefore, psychology and literature have a functional relationship, which is both useful

as a means of studying aspects of the human psyche. The difference is, the psychological

symptoms that exist in literary works are imaginary human psychological symptoms, whereas in

psychology they are real humans. Although human characteristics in literary works are

imaginary, in describing their character and soul, the author makes humans who live in the real

world as models in their creation. Therefore, in literature, psychology is used as an approach to

imitate or study its characters.