Hydrodesulfurization

Introduction
• Hydrodesulphurization (HDS) is a catalytic chemical process in
which sulphur (S) is removed from petroleum products and
natural gas via hydrogenolysis.
• The sulphur content of a fuels indicates its quality (low sulphur =
high quality fuel = greater profits).
• Sulphur is removed in the distillation process to derive high
quality products and reduce sulphur dioxide (SO,) emissionsom
motor vehicles, catalytic poisoning and corrosion.
Hydrodesulphurization process diagram
 Process Chemistry
• HDS involves exothermic reactions that induce the breaking of Carbon-
Sulphur bonds, to produce hydrogen sulphide (H2S). [3]
• The reactions are catalyzed by metal catalysts, and take place in a fixed
bed reactor. [4]
• Operating conditions:
Temperature (°C) 300 - 450
Pressure (bar) 20 - 50
Space velocity (hr-1) 0.2 - 10
• Reactions:
A. Mercaptanes: RSH + H2 RH + H2S

B. Sulphides: R2S + 2H2 2RH+H2S ∆H= 117 Kj/mole

C. Disulphides: (RS)2+3H2 2RH + 2H2S ∆H=-209 Kj/mole

Role of Hydrodesulphurization in a refinery
During Non-HDS process, the sulfur containing compounds are
oxidized using Persulfate reagent followed by adsorption,
extraction and precipitation with Ultrasound technique to remove
sulfur and convert these compounds to their corresponding
sulfoxides and sulfones.
During Non-HDS process, the sulfur containing compounds are oxidized
using Persulfate reagent followed by adsorption, extraction and
precipitation with Ultrasound technique to remove sulfur and convert
these compounds to their corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones. In
this paper we try to explore the possibility of adding 1% Si-Al/Al,O,
catalyst for enhancing the efficiency of sulfur removed from diesel fuel
using the hydrotreated Tatipaka diesel fuel as feedstock and to develop
more effective process for obtaining Ultra low sulfur diesel fuel.