The reason it is termed a “current” transformer is that its secondary current is induced by the

magnetic field created by the current flowing through the primary winding and as such the
source is in effect a CURRENT SOURCE and not voltage source like in a conventional voltage
driven transformer.

Current Sources as is well known will develop whatever voltage is required in order to maintain
the secondary current flowing. Hence if one “shorts” the secondary then very little voltage is
required to maintain the secondary current flowing in the circuit. The secondary current is
required to generate the mmf or flux density within the iron core required to oppose the change
responsible for creating it by the primary current as per Lenz law.

If one now introduces resistance into the secondary winding then it will develop a voltage to
maintain the current flow through it required to establish a counter magnetic field to that created
by the current flowing in the primary winding.

If one for example leaves the secondary winding open then it will try to develop a very high
voltage so as to attempt to maintain the secondary current required to maintain the required
ampere turns and counter magnetic field. Eventually this voltage can get so high that it will result
in breakdown of the air and is why a CT secondary should never be open circuited.

The basic concept is to understand that a CURRENT transformer is driven by a CURRENT and
not VOLTAGE source and is why it exhibits such behaviour.