V4) — we ee SUS] CFC MASA Way The Status of Development of CFC Alternatives Refrigerants ) & FF eae apieara 1. ele also] 2Ba Jeo) Wael wey ws oh AROS WSs HEL jah OVE 47 AAA SAAS VEL valT abel 9s Aleleh. CRC7} SBS SSS Bh ahahe) aH} wap aby as eae ee ee Say = AMA Ae ea LAS ata Sieh. wh a4 Wits] Ags BAS Bssp7] YH o ? } Ue Bee 4) RES Tas) 939} v)eu}2h(Vienna Convention) ©) 1985 a MAYROM, 19871 3H) LESS sales 222 deal CRE BRE SA ao] Att ABS DAALS TMS We RAY BAVSANTIA BA (Mo- + 1958" + HFC—1520 2S 7A + HFC—32 AZSQME eA] CRC GALE BH Ps + 193788 CFC WARE ASR AN Bt + CFC Sl Ba) salsa CFC dal Ba ME ntreal Protocol) Al43}Sicy”, EEASIVIE BAS vssp gata} & 7% Stel le] Bde BMS BAM VF AAS RASS ge SS a SAS AISA PAVYH UWS] A AZ BAS eles Ma Fela so] MANZO, SACS Be AadHol AS QYVSS WAS NSMMR YAP GO] Qupaaz} 7 WS AVN. aepay zpsoh AVE Ab?) 4 2}2] CFC: Wo) SA FHS AS FAA IRM AIS Bsb7] Mat eC AAAS AES 3h 4Roe Taso] Be ASAE AANA & Aget7] Mate] Baa ATMS 3} RO ASSIS Valse SSA UC. fel ues} CRCR 2S ARMAS SA ASS WBarol Bsa BOF| dasa Bas she Gao] Aes tea EUG. $3) WEMOZe Fs CFCS) Bale’ Saaee Wwe] we Hx Yom] le As] Ads eo Ie ae] & Tle} esse zko) Ye Abel BAS BAST Fee] Ae as Mast 271 WE) WASASS A AWA SS ALAS FVRAY) BIS HOS UH OE SHO} MA 71 Aah Rom) SB CRAG AES] Bea Wave] wrtsablu a ea CFC) 3-7) = UMIZAS ALA AB] WSLS de 344488 2a xy = a4) cece de) AVz2eS NSeSHsle aS 24a Ald. a7 WHE Slee waa wat, TAS, SAA, AIS S HAE A ee Ave Bug] yVSPS Hass 4a 2. HAS) By aa Abe Me HA GS) CPOE aa] Ae ARS ASAE CRY FAR LE WALA FER SVS 7DaP S| Wad FHS ans + Ve 2 olefor MOE 1), 21 7ieAaMee tA CRC SHE alate of] AwS|o} AP Ba} Slo} le SHES] A}Bo] AES aD gla. Quy eats HCFC-22, HCFC-22/HCFC-142b, DME/CFC-12, CFC-5009} 2e& BAS VR WS Yok So] AES Qe AES SAY 7H Bo) dalEAe og yD HC 27} Bony Bal VACHS, EWR, apse] Bape] we vhyo] Holst eh HCFC222 BES a 442] A2HS-(Transient substances) = 795] >} 212.41, ODP% 0.05, Halocarbon?] GWP p wole}, #z CRC-29) vials ae SSR IA LEAR 21 m3 HH (1992)/175 1 HA) soys] ABE” G) BBS staystal oper BH Re LER geese Aly BH] ME A) Be APLUIS(2e WIFBS Re AD (2) #2 tag — 54, S48] as Bag 4, Bea aa Ae SEI Yals|2] Sar yet Pee Usha ey -su dao & -VIZETt ER NERY BS ALANS HAY os) Beha Aah ee -ASAAS VBA we shell @ @ Re SBS | (5) Ag ea (© 718 —Ba ge] We 720] Aor -#88S veel an Ae sae Leak BA A a | AR OU CRC BlwaAl 421-12} Sapo] oF om) YE 3, vo] Ov, a SU] al Heol FSFE soe Qa, Ee AALS Bol Ue aeeabe WHS Hess eee ey ay ae abBolic A}Go] Heeb}. HCRC-22% CRC-12 of Plsie} eae) e 1ot Beh) we eele] 37 El BA Boa +H Aw, 7 A eo DUALS AEE BEE176/—~ 2 7izhalsoes a ay opp_| Gwe | 5%, UL Gr HcrC-2 | CHCIF, “| 0.05 034 5A HFC-152a CH.CHF; — 25.0 0 0.03 HCFC-142b CHCCIF: — 97 0.06 0.36 SA R-500 12/152a -3B5 (0.7) - 5A R-502 22/115 456 za (03) | 5A ODP : Relative Value of Ozone Depletion Potential based on CFC-11 GWP : Relative Value of Global Warming Potential based on CFC-11 Sot UH. EH WYSE UAUWSS A BAMA A S37] HEM 7) a) 2} FO} Mol HCFC-22/HCFC-142b(¥] 3 ¥)E bE) S | NECAZAY EYES ASAE AS DT Hes} Qh. HCFC-22/HCFC-142b%= CFC-129} East 7S 2498 AMG + gat WEISS MAG ALS Wey We. HCFC- 142b7} 68wt% lato] BAAS] EHSS BD & % 9G, SH HCFC-22/HFC-152a(*) B41 BHS CFC-124 PL SAWS RE BAA Ale reel] et HCFC-222¢+ A492} Abo] SS Aur S84] AAD +H Uc. HFC-152 a7} 37mt% let) BAY) SHES AS + beh. 0] ¥fel) R-500(CFC-12/HFC-152a)- 4b Sa CFC VERSES 10% BEF AAVAGA CFC-129 YS 262% FU F Uo} As} a] Te}S| 3. 3.2.0}, R.502(HCFC-22 /CEC-115)= HCFC-2B 4S YER! Fo} Ua UH719] MSLES 2b A VS + SALE 7132] ARO] Ae Gago] Wd. H 28 CFCUMEVE FH¥s gle 71 Sqayus} wae 9s dead. 2.2 CFC HAs OHH SE Montreal Protocol®] #.5]7) °] re} ©] =) 3}F2} Du Pont4t, SH ICIS MRA He ataee tae wes So yee MES AS BP. §]F2] Du PontAHe 19904 AA) HAPS VMAS AP AAH] ol LE OWT GASAWE BUR Bho} IES ASH AL, YF} ICAHE gy ABANIH F 14VTSS ATW S Ast Az uss] Qs, UPI 3 ate Saba APA AseA olen} 100 jd ste dasaee Set sae at a, SAsdes 2d olga dasa & AV asad crc ATS AVMs Ve Bor, FASS CFCS Hae Hes shee Baae. AEA CFCYHH S| BAS REIN SAW BIS Bsa] So Bao} ook Bch. ey} BA of ele of aie) see 85] AZ1Se WaSz) Ge Bho s 7h74 & tad Wests Ade Us. Ay 22 VA Tee $ Ue HaTwel Va ap @8L ME CECE ets) BAIA) CFCS HAM BAS AGA BAe WHS Fol ALZ F2] WASAAGS) ge. AeA = CFCHY ALS st o]fo} FAMAE a] So AT Me FASE YSU Lesa S82 CFC go] Sas] tease CFCHU Mal Bohaley. 2 o] HE CHAO] GAAS FAME As] Ao} opel Aa wa So W714 BSA BAe] YSU Ewes 7 Aol Mol lef FES] G4) AS wet 27\ MEN, aye SH] SHES HCFC (Hydro Chloro Fluoro Carbon)?} Ech & abe abet P24 Vso] VYso} MA Be BAcleaea diss} Heo] Boy} LES SUT AVE LESS spss) A A. ASE SHA MYBS HFC(Hydro aeFiuoro Carbon)@ht FEU. aes} of -2ai@l GaBao] ARES) ale Fo) HCFCS HEC7} GY! CFCHA ERS AGH Bos Mol U4, Ve oO] S HCFC Al CFC} WAAR Ae Yolesre sat Yas PHS Mees ols) Age dae SE ALIBI AIRAS FAN} gO} 29 Selection for GEC alternatives (Methane Series) ‘yerogen Flammabie —é 8° / Most Promising Chlorine Fluorine i Environmentally Harmful Ae 1 mee! Croce Mg71e Seletion for CEC Alternatives (Ethane Series! Jr mm / va oe at Promising 2a 2 olEilel Cree Aa 55. aA BOE 214 93 HR (1992)/ 177 O~2010%4 AFOl o1E Als Faae BY TA VS Zoe AAD sep. 24 1,2, 395 WEA, TGA, Bega CRC, HCFC, HFC, FCS2] 2=WS9} 54, B24 Tet 2449 gay HES AE Ho Ge Aol, dal Aas] APS aay Bel MEF AAAS] HPSS Boh soH FSU $7 EMMIS Day we Be Ae aAaste BoE az wow BERANE FAVA 47h O14) Apt, PAA 57 1b) HAMAS ES BLE HS] ALYS AH Me Wee sell UG. SAY AHS Pebaodqe Bas) +7 BE Fe VPLS | ¥o) Bota qeAA 42 HC-161(CHs-CH.P) °} HCFC-133a(CHs-CH, eS ted. HFC-134at= S44] adel ae MHS YOU HCFC-1232 £79} Belel Wo es eke] UERLET Baslo] Aaa} AV AEWA} SP SAAS) lS] Ms ASS AES spr] ASaS “dey YE Sele}. H 3e CECHAI A FES Yt gle ahES} WEA SIS HAS Belch, ‘ wes (Propane Series) Environmentally Harmtet BAS] CRCHAES ABI178/ E3 Achaldoaes wo ary wae) | asaa [ opp | Gwe [| 5 4 HFC-32 CHF: ~518 ~Aa 0 0.09 ate HCFC-123 (CFYCHCh 27.5 #a 0.02 0.02 | Ate HCFC-124 CFsCHCIF ~120 #@ 0.02 or | are HFC-134a CRCHF 263 aa 0 02 | ate HCFC-141b | CCLFCH; 320 #a OL ooo | are VB pom ae | {| | | O crs | | iii orcs | oO 08 o 118 > 114 D P 06} 7 vy 116 j crcs | us | 3S oon oe 1 L i ve 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 HGWP 2! 4 CFCS} GALS! ODPL} GWP o}ast De Halealss] ODPs} GwPe} BAS WB4e) SA) se. 2.3 PAFTS} AFEAS aagag tyace tae dale 134,088, FASa Bagdad sal Be Wp Baa. ls Hate] gaya MS ASS HABA AANA CPAFT : Pro- gram for Alternative Fluorocarbon Toxicity Tes- ting) B79) ER AL(AFEAS Fluorocarbons Alternative Environmental Acceptability Study) S SF2L2 FAA AEA 27) SURES AE XAS Bu go. (E43) 3 Sells PAFTS} AFEASA A] Abe el AASAS HAA. 3. CFCHABAS Hage EU] Bae CRCHMEA WIS NE CRCAZWAI Zo] AWS A 7] AUSWOS US FU Hse FE 57tS] Shale] Fell tal APSE tarsSAO eR CAB A 21 3H (1992)/179 £4 Gales SHNHWA: Se, FHA, HBSS, ges, essa [ea AAR a Al CFC a SAR PAFT-I HCFC-123 CFC-11 “4 HC-134a cRC-12 PAFT-II HCFC-141b 1988~ 1993 CFC-11 10 | PAFT-I HCFC-124 1989~ 1994 /5 CFC-114 6 HFC-125, CRC- 115 PAT. HICRC-225¢a/225cb 1990~ 1994/5 CFC - 113, PAFT.V HFC-32 [_1992~ 1997/8 HCFC - 22 8 * PAFT : Program for Alternative Fluorocarbon Toxicity Testing FART I 94 8]4} : Akzo Chemicals(Netherlands), Allied-Signal Inc(U.S.A.), Asahi Glass Co,, Ltd Japan), Ato- chem(France), Central Glass Ltd.Japan), Daikin Industries, Ltd.(Japan), EL du Pont de Nemours & Co. Inc.(U.S.A.), Hoechst AG (Germany), ICI Chemicals & Polymer Ltd.(U.K.), Kali-Chemie AG(Germany), Montefluos SpA(Italy), Rhone-Poulenc Chemicals/ISC Divi- sion(UK.), Showa-Denko(Japan), Solvay & CIE(Belgi HS Hee S| SASaAA: AAewS) A7ISSl SAIFIS, AAS #2 | BASS ade avtga Ae [aaa |HCFC-22 HFC-125 HCRC-123 HFC-134a HCFC-124 HFC-143a—figss~t9m} 12 HCFC-141b HFC-152a HCFC-142 _ HCFC-225ca/cb | AFEAS : Alternative Fluorocarbons Environme- tal Acceptability Study #4]5]4}: Akzo Chemicals(Netherlands), Allied Signal Inc.(U.S.A.), Asabi Glass Co, LtdJapan), Atochem(France), Atochem North America(Pen- ‘walt, Racon, U-S.A.), Chemical Industries of Nor- then Greece, S.A(Greece), Daikin Industries, Ltd.(Japan), EL. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Inc. (USA), Hoechst AG(Germany), ICI Chemicals & Polymer Ltd.(UK.), Kali-Chemie AG(Ger- many), LaRoche Chemicals Inc.(US.A.), Montef- luos SpA(Italy), Rhone-Poulenc Chemicals/ISC Division(UK.) S She] Ags EAS Val BA} 37ts) Cra) SUS APBSHE IBS YO S BAO} AE FAL. FO NGA CRCH MEDS A RE GS Qashes} $FHF7 FZ AF eat. ), Ulsan Chemicals Ltd(Korea) ge: gaa trichloroethylene CHCI=CCk, tetrachloroethylene CCh=CCh 1,1, btrichloroethane CHCl, Acetylene Vinylchloride WSS Cla] PAS ws} FART HFS} ¥7HIg2R Est Ze] HALT. -CCly+ HF > -CF e tHE OK AD OS] AF, AF SVS WG 59 Vet. SSBF HCI] He), PSE he AMAZY BASIL of-Fol ach FANS A BPH BS 200~500C, Be} ~3071 AAS DBA FR Ce, EE AMS F2R Soy} ASS A. Hater SH Me ALS Hol B52 Full] yo} Be Rol agolct a BI ED Be SANS Fa HHS AAS Besta Uae AAL eh. HANAAZS BHEGSS VAAA See Na BAS Nestn see we Wels eeu. #71898x silicagel, alumina, molecular sieve 5°] UAAE ASAT FES oNee eaaxl— te suaasy AB 5 CFC HABAS| HAzSS AAA, QRS Ae HF BR HClO} FAY Ao] 27) RE MAY AB] WF SR Nickel, Hastelloy-C, Monel, Inconel $0] AF ad. $3) ded zte fee tas ese SE SdS Hos Jase AAqseo] 2 Fad. Sse HCFC-22 AZSAS Aes, HCFC-123, HFC-134, HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b, HFC-152a, HFC-32 && CFCHAZES 7 SERS BA AISA MAY 4) GFE of Uh. 4 GAARA je] BYBe7t a 29 FLW E Ad He WA) Sch 3.1 HFC-134a MI22 8h HFC-134a (CF,CFH)% 438 CH W9 Aze Sa 72a F VOM AAs] Pe SSE a AAs UA. 2a 6 F Oe GAGES vehagor AeTs F 3QAZE Trichloroethylenes UR28+e] HC- FC-133a8 @-¥8HE 34, Perchloroethlene QE ST CFC1Mae BHSHE BA, Bast Perchloroethylene& QHZ 831 CFCS F ae SHE SR] Meh. ob] PaaS ARS 4 STGAS AAl7 Sa 4a Frog) Fragl-feige | 1 crscuc Lf creases me me Se | [ercwewalefevcncned ABI 6 Rotential Route to HCFC-134a HFC-4ad ARTE BAS atch cepa zs AMES SEM Pe Alzsh eo] ol7 pn} AMAL S HFC-134ae} “AS Besa Ao. 3.1.1 HCFC-133a Az** HCFC-133a% Trichloroethylenest HFS} ¥-$ AVA AZAD] BA TSB SO} eH EAoly SAF VEN vbol sata aba lab BF SS FHL Bola Neh Bey HCFC-133a BASSAI Beles Ade Gas 7+ AD MY AGA Goh HAS Ho St oye} S79] SAAN ath CHCI=CCh+ 3HF ~ CF,CH,CI+ 2HC1 TCE HCFC-133a CF,CH.CI+ HF > CF:CHF+ HCI HCFC-133a HRC-134a HCFC-133a% oH AL BAZ ASB SHE Bol AS lel Fn) BEEK OFS} Ad. o] WEE UALS Be Bese} HOFC-133291 } 3420] Ae AVS se0]7] 18h} HBS} Be) HEE BLA Ach of Se 1F21 HCPC-1330o1 AF} 10H]HFS “}£3}9} % go%o] ages We + A, o] SRS BE Sel HFS Ae setajoy ee But eich. lead ede a SSMS ABSA HFC-134a°} OE NF Se FES US F Ua Warsjo} slo Safe} = WS 71 Wh. Daikine} Bato Ysa Oo} Fah oF 40a] hE et ARS AAS BP ARS] H 15% Ba: ERATE, HCFC-133a& At 9 Ball FA) B0A1zF Ale Vegas} Meal ees Bi slo} You AZalgol Neale 4 ae7t 3 HCRC-133a7} HFS da) @32 HCFC-11227) 5 Belch. > Sel Bsbel HFC-134ae ye] EA] AAS OF Beh. 7b ew Po- tassium Permanganate+$ ABSA She Mole. HEE ae old aba, Baa} ob w ala} Coke precursor?} +} 27) Eo) HCFC-11229] 82e Sue] By Aas] Fada Weyl yep SE MWe Aste VERA TEE 44 UE ob ESAS Bo) HCFC-153a8 30089} 2000 psi 1 Potassium Fluoride 9 HUT} WAAR AS BAS aap He FRE) ARS(O5R)E VS F al Bo] Aaaals HES 1a} wo vale # sare clele esa By8 CF.CH.CI+ KF > CF,CH.F+KCI HCFC-133a HPC-134a 3.1.2 CFC-114a az*” CFC-1Ma%} CFC-1143 of Wale} 4} Perchlo- roethylene& 412 Chlorofluorination*1713= 4 WOE BSI ase Mo eS ages WSO Az} 75%, 25%9) ¥) goa. Swat Pz CRC-ase] Ba SHS} 3) 8NbS4) A HCFC-134a¥ SE Mah EN 3 HEC1992)/181 al Fed S44 Goa F WG. Palla dium] HA) Ao] SHO] ah tol AL CFC-114a7} HydrodehalogenationS}9} °F 95% ol2) 82 HFC-134a7} 895} 4], Montedi- son2] Bel) ]8}8 CFC-1da% CFC-IME BE FE AWVOS Hey} ss] WEA age] Amaze SR] a+ ach. CH,=CH.+5Ch+4HF > CF:CFCh + CF.CICF:C1+ 4HCL CFC-IMa — CFC-114 CF.CFCI,+H;—> CF,CFH,+2HC1 CFC-114a CFC-134a 3.13 CFC-113 Bem CFC-1134%*} CFC-1113, HFC-1123% 74] HEC-IMad ASE + NG. CKC-1I394) CFC-1113 AZYAS GS3 UH. o] SAS SA UFR ole] Sg Maa Wd aes 71 aok ehh IEALIIGO Be BIS MA Bale), RUM GA CHCA AE oo ASH Slo} Me HelMAS BF Zines} CFC-1137} ¥F8-8}o} CFC-1113$ AZsHe 2 O18] ZnCh2] 49} ARO] QAM, ChE ABRBE % 490C2] LAA] Coconut Shell Carbon’ 4] CFC-1132 Dehydrohalogenation AME ALS HK EFS VS FE DCH -1113% H.% YS to} HCI 123 = trifluoroethyleneS 873th. Al && carbonol) VIII group?] FHS HHL ABs Re 2 US F YOR YH yop go. vay Wale HFC-11239] HFS 2 7}41 74 HFC-134a% Qe Aelch o] WES ASAoS AbeSHE APES LARS ABAHS PALS ALE BAA SUA 95% OE) ee ER VS} Md. CCh=CCh+ Ch:+ HF > CF.CILCFCk PCE CFC-13 CF.CI-CFCl.+ Zn > CF:=CFCI+ ZnCls CFC-113 CFC-1113,182 /—~ a 127 Rotential Route to HCFC-123 CF.CL-CFCI+ H: > CF,=CFC1+ HCL CFC-113 CFC-1113, CF.=CFH+HF > CF.CFH: HFC-1123 HFC-134a 3.2 HCFC-123 AES HFC-134a5} #9] HCPC-123(CP,CHCL) 9} th ABZE GPA VUES FU BIT ape je] oe ARM + eh. Vel HFC-134 Be] Tetrachloroethylenes URL so} HCFC-1238 W#she WHE "hesho. Fa ARBSY SAS WB 7H Vey. 3.2.1 CFC-113 32” TEESME Aste] AAO 2 CFC-13S AA BSALUS YA 4S] HFC-123¢] FUSS BIN WSAVe dss Ach. o} SRAAS ALM PCE SEAR AAD Belo] AA BAS alee}. aay SF HFE7}7+ 4218] 74S]o] HICEC-121°1 ASIP] MBA BA ALBsVo} HCKC-123 & Mech alittle HCFC-1239] BAS oF Ashe wate e Apr} ABsjo} ger}. CCL=CCh+ Clr HF > CFCI-CFCL PCE SbCl, CFC-113, CChF-CHCI.> CF:-CHCh HCFC-121 HCFC-123 £t CFCU3S URLID ACLS FIZ oy SAA CFC-113aS 9] Fs} WS Sap o} $d 8b, CFC-113a GASH VE YAP} SAM Zines st of 75~S5c AA} WA} 7] HCFC-1238 AZsHE WBS 7hs st FF 90 2) FSR US F Ud. | SI= Zinc} + ASH] EMYOR gob Vd, CFCLCFCh > CFrCCls CFC-113, CRC-113a CF;-CCk+ Zn > CFs-CHCl: CFC-113a HCFC-123 3.2.2 PCES| Haesiehs 9) TaFsS+ NbF%°U7t Atel} PCES| oS 2 Gol HFS 47h HH Falopy] o] USS ABR OTR)S BOY FZ HCKC-122(94%) 7} ABA. SF 150C HAS] HCFC-1239) HE LAA ZRH YA] Bon} ole} HH CCh=CCl.+2HE > CCIF-CHCl: + CPrCHCk 3.2.3 PCE 7laHesHHe's 7) NPBA FAA AHP ARS YR USERS AF 300~400C} a], abyrS she Ge] Base] g ade. cele e BUS] AMA SO}Ay We Be} HCFC-1249+ HCKC-1257+ #435171 oo HCFC-1239) + Se GA) % 15~20% AEol Ads) ied, HCFC-1234 Fe AAVe] He ASHehS Bb oh CCk=CCh+ HF > CFsCHCl+ CF;CHFCL +CF:CHF, Ga FRACS Behe] SFP] Cr, Co, Mn, Ni] Fe] Soh AF-S She] Sf 220~290Cola) PCES HFS} MSA HE +(92 %)} ABS(85%)S BE F Me. WEY HAE 70~804U Hl 7 STE AMS BAM, 500~700T AAT FS71 2 a AND o) est Ae yy Bele tS ws dal eee asso aS aad Ft eae a4 go HFS 4}& SBN FSIS ABE Ae WP PAZ] Be PAS WSS Eal7t ah CCL.=CCh+ HF CRCHCL+2HCL PCE HCFC-123 3.2.4 HCFC-133a9] Bt sits"? AGRA HCRC1UBE S22 so} oS ease] YLSWSAVA HCFC-1238 SE % hd. za Se} aS she HCKC-1232 AeA] Y43}8]0] HCFC-113a7t Wel BI ath. Bate dashes Aga we A&zZ HCFCS VS + NOM ALM Ab ABs GG PAS AA ABS ee as + UG. Bebe aass 712) Scale-ups] V7} BLseh, CHCI=CCh+ HF > CF,CH.CI+2HCI TCE HCFC-133a CF\CH,C!> CF;CHCle+ CP:CCl. HCFC-133a HCFC-123 HCFC-113a 3.2.5 CFC-133a%} HCFC-133a2| conp roportionation’® *” Abs} gol 7HeSul sol] CFC-113a3} HCFC-133aS ¥$-4) 4 HCFC-123 3 + RO op WSS sk6e] Wee U Bsr) xto} Baath Feo] MP sb) ol Hay wes] AA STAT CFCCl+ CFsCH:Cl> 2CF,CHCI, CFC-113a HCFC-133a HCFC-123 2 AHN HHT LIB OG 21 3 HEC 192)/ 183 |—lcrccur +——crcchs eta 130 | sfetscrire Je : for EE [ee f 0s (fmar | -feamcnr + Ta zi re 2% 8 Rotential Route to HCFC-141b/142b and HFC-152a 3.3. HCFC-141b, -142b WIZ HCFC-141b9} 142b= He WS AIA SAl4 HFC-143a7} BSS VIA. AMR = vinylidenechloride(CH,= CCI), methylchlo- roform(CHs-CCh), ethylidenefluoride(CH,CHF > Slt 3.3.1. Vinylidene chloride ARES Bh ager ABTS L LE Tak, NbF S FHS ASST 25 oA OF 3Alxt NES ARE 73% 2) HCFC-141b7} 20121 ¢t. BPs, TiCl, AICh, FeCl, SnCh $21 SHS Abst} 2 50~60C AF weSAlWe Be oF 50% 2] HCFC-142b7} Bo} ad. FE GUS sse HLA HS ZSWS ALM SoC FH7E WS 200°C of AV ARES VERA TG 29% 9] HCFC-141b9} °F 34% 9] HCRC-142b7} BAT, ALES Asso VHS eo] ASSP} 7 BepNso] <8 so} HCFC-143a7t Bol B48 Ste Blo] Bao. FH] WAM PEALE Aese GHGS AhSSe ef 70% oR 1430) BINA, HASHES BHA 90%1491 HCFC gale}. wpebA) HCFC-141b922] Asay we Soh ee AALAS BE DH} MASE184/ Suh Ee WEG TEA Goble Vinylidene chloride HCFC-141b9} ¥] Je] 72} #7] Eo) VIAI SHH sto} ese Be} aoe ath, CH= CCh+ HF > CH,CFCh+ CHCF,C1 +CHCF 3.3.2 Methyichloroform® 2&2 tt tt Agee ANS SALS SbCk S ABE BPE °F 15% HCFC-141b9 85% HCFC-142b7} Yd 71, MoOs, VsOs, WOs, TiO:, NbiOs 2} SoS AMBSHE Bel 11% HCFC-141b9} 86% HCFC-142b7F 2] Ach. 71S SOHN AIFS S AGB BFE F 1c AA 80% HCFC-141b9} 0.8% HCFC-142b7} 83 5}91, + S7AAS CeO, Sel S ABSA 1O0C ol] 4] 80 % HCFC-141b, 15% HCFC-142b, 5% HFC-143 a7} Aad. (CHy-CCh+ HF > CHsCFCh+ CHCF:C] +CHCF: 3.4 HFC-152a 725 eh 3.4.1 Acetylenes HEE Bt Baus? (CH=CH+2HF + CHsCHP: Acetylene 12a PUSH SE Bi EE Mn/ALOs HgO, HgCl, 5 HgF./Activative Carbon, Zn-Hg Chro- mite, CrOs 5% Cr.0., AIF, AIFYBiF; 2] 2 2 WSUS SEWH 30~400C, A 7l¢to} PL 20-80% 9) FHS BEC, AWS SoH = SnCl/Fluorosulfonic acid, BFyLiquid HF, KBF/FSO3H, KeZrFs, KASF,, K:TiFyFSO3H, SbCl JPSOH Sol LOE al z7lgtel oF 20~70est oA AaS|F FAL HRV, AGA 99% ase Fad 3.4.2 Vinylchloride: 22 8 BYES 7V-EUS AH ZA AlOs, Crz0s, SbChFs/Acti- vated Carbon, Cr:Os/y-Alumina, PACI/ALOs, VCls /Actvated Carbon, Hexagonal-CrOOH, AIFs, CrF, NiF, Fes0s, CdO, Cd(BF0)s, SbFo/y-Alumina $01 S]o} OM) MSS 7F 200~S00b o>) Fei ABO] F 10~60% BEN. Yarye SHH SE SOF SnCl7} V2.7} WS- 0~2500 O12 FR 10~80%, AIRS 9% ma) MaS|o} 3heh CHCHCI. + 2HF > CH,CHF,+2HCI Vinylchloride 152a 3.4.3. 1, 1 dichloroethaneS ARE Bt tae PWS O.e ole SvCh, SbF, Suh} +} SS]M} Bo) —10~15C ZA} 80-85% +H #e Bec (CHCl-CH,+ HF ~ CHP:CH: 182a 4. Saas 24 128 BAA te Re aysaqz SASAN OF SAM HRS. Tay A ASAE BM ole F8] AReel apa] VE. WIVSS AMSASAA VSIA ayy} 294 BAG HANSA] VHS AA Rey AS gaa, aaa Ala, AM SHB, See 71, AH, A 444, U471, FE, YS7l, AHH] So} ad. aaa Baw 2 de] 22e aA 2A BES NH Re APE we So] AANA Sone] SYS SH wae BESS] YY, sepa zalge edly 4 St BMAC AE Maho AAS 14 Al He Die AeA) AME 1DAalst fate Ul. BE co} GAIA Gay gs 3 SUA MENS Bsa SP) ae A714] RE SHS U7] HEF AD sae ABZ ZL7) Hho} Pilot PlantS WS 7)7t BHAA A. Be a, PARE, WEARS HF AS SMS FA Arh. ALE UILAN Be Sessa yao) a BeA7] S71 Wed LISI ae wap = AMA HRs} lac. EA clap WwSE 10% APIS 27] RIVE ope] AS BEES BH) EASAS Vase ook Oe AGA) RAT afd todo] we EH] SAY UL FH Fao] Yojay 4] AE EMS OFIAD = A. Soe] $Y ES Fat LANG. TSS FANS ASE Hol Bab] +H Be] HSH BH Arh. wbofoy ange PAADS Desa, ae}qo} WSIS Ualste VJashe Fe IPS BAD + UES sje Sh. dasaIzs Ae HF, HC) Che3} #2 HUA FAS BE, DIANA Ags S71 Wed HAE Ae 2asat Bala Swoon ae Sa sbep. 4 IAs] oe AAS FS AAD a Boradok Mech. Hawoly He Se BBS BEU F WE YULS Aelstofoe eh. a ARAN WS HAMAS Mes Beale 7ize e 7~10de] Reg, 5. CFC HARB atria] 4 ate] Atha R Base Fol we Ave AAN8] Vel Mal ead, dase BAS 1990~ 19952 Abela] AA AVL al ASD, 1G M8ho} GOs 20008 77] 229 AAS AARLSZ Ale Ise gz 22 ets|a ld. Du Pont, ICI, Hoechst, Atochem, Allied-Signal, Akzo, Montefluos, Showa Denko, Daikin, Ashai Glass*} Se CFC ESI) aaa AS AFET Ut}. HFC-152a%} HCFC-142b= ASEP) ME EAM VA| A, 7g Way Usp} S| We CFC Bal oS HFC-134a, aA Mo AL 5 21 HE 3 HE (1992)/185 HCFC-141b 12) 5. HCFC-123 12} & + 3 4 aa we Fae ddgde gaa HFC-1349] A|73}2l A248 A 100,008 2E FAT YS Ua ABSA CFC-129} 4088 Hat + US Ros vc} ww ge awaos aeeao) asa a Ae 7S CFCH 3~74= HA A Ale APS TH. LeU oleae HAZIS AU Shah] AAAS AMIASA] BA S 40] 71€ CFCS Fe) oes Wee SENS MAYO} SP} ofoh ape} MR SAS MWS AUS Balsojor F Belay 2} ete] Aaalolch. # 6 22] CFC Al Bag Alas ved. ta AeA) ANS AA S CFCPMS ALA, Bal AES] o} FUBAS HAPIHS AQAA Yopep A sho} ALA IMAL 2 Solu Vso) $e shet AME BBN OPS TA BE HAYS 3A Wuepst A. AMSA o]) aad wW AD PSMRTTS HSA YO As o} ek] 71S4] $919} VAS ADad7] Maha] Asa Yo Ayes APY Fo} AG, AAG WAAR Hee Pag 22 489 Ze Ase] we. —Fluorinated Aromatics(b.p. 100~115¢) —Fluorinated Ester(b.p. 50~60°) Fluorinated Cyctics Fluorinated Polyethers ~3C Halocarbons ~ Mixtures lat HE SHA BAA) Ase] a TSA EHS AAG Yee Difluoro(fluoromethoxy) methane (C:HsFs0) Hexafluorocyclopropane (C3Fs } FC-C216) Oxybis(difluoro)methane (C-H.F,O) Trifluoroiodomethane (CFD Dichloro(diftuoromethoxy) methane (C:HCLR.O) HFC-32 (CHF) Bis(difluoromethyl) Ether (E-134) Bel eh186/ - ae E6 AZZAM CFCHARS See] go sae AZM Ab ea BBAaAA BBAR(Mvyr)| FAS v= Du Pont | HFC - 134a [Corpus Christi,TX, USA USA $ 30 million ]1990 HFC - 134a |Corpus Christi, TX, USA Total 20,400 | $ 70 million |1993 HEC - 134 |Bordrecht, Netherlands | World. 1994 HEC - 134a |Chiba, Japan Total 34,000 | Mitsui-Du Pont |1992 HCFC - 24 |Chiba, Japan \ 1992 HCFC - 124 |Corpus Christi, TX, USA Total 23,000 1993 HCFC - 123+ |Maitland, ONT, Canada} Commercial | $20 million 1991 HCFC - 14ib 1993 HCFC | 124” |Deepwater, NJ, USA | Pilot 1991 | Dimethylether |Humberside, UK 15,000 1993 | HFC - 32 Multi-ton Pilot 1992 [Allied Signal | HCFC - 141b |Geismar, LA, USA $ 50 million [1992 | HCEC - 141b |EI Segundo CA, USA 9,000 1992 134a_|Kashima, Japan 50 > 60 1990 134a |[Buffalo, NY, USA |Multi-ton Pilot 1989 HEC - 134a [Baton Rouge, LA, USA 9,000 | $ 40 million |1996 HFC - 32 [Buffalo, NY, USA /Semicommercial) 1992 ICL | HRC - 134a [Runcorn, Cheshire, UK| Thousands | § 59 million [1991 HEC * 1342 |St. ‘Gabriel, LA, USA 10,000" | § 146 million |1993 HEC * 134a Mihara, Japan 5,000 | $ 127 million |1993 | HCFc - idib | | HCFC - 123° |Runcorn, Cheshire, UK| Pilot | | | HFC - 32" [Widnes,” Cheshire, UK | Pilot $7 million Eif Atwchem | HFC - 1342 [Pierre Benite, France 9,000 | {1992 | HEC ~ 1342. |Calvert City, KY, USA 18,000 | $ 100 million |1995 | HCFC 1410/1424 Pierre Benite, France 40,000 | $ 88 million |1992 | HCFC 141b/1424 Calvert City, KY, USA 50,000 $30 million |1991 HFC - 32 Multi-ton Pilot 1993 Rhone-Poulenc | ISCEON 69S |Avonmouth, England | 22/218/290 | for R-S02__ [1993 HCFC - 22° jAvonmouth, U 8,000 | $5 million |1991 HFC - 1342 [Avonmouth, UK Commercial | 1993 Hoechst | HCFC - 134a [Frankfurt 10,000 | for all CFCA [1992 HCEC - 123 | $72 million | HCFC - 227 i Bayer HFC - 356 _|Leverkusen, USA | for PU foam | Solvay | HFC - 134a | Fluo und Deiv Montefluos | HEC - 134a [Porto Marghera, Italy |[Semicommercial] L 20,000M — | 1991 | HCFC - i23 a . 1 60:00M | * | ‘Akzo | HCFC - 1415 [Weert, Netherlands | tI Daikin | HEC - 1342 [Kashima, Japan 5,000 | $ 31 million {1991 | | HCFC - 123 | | HCFC * 1415 Showa Denko| HFC - 134a |Kawasaki, Japan 100 pilot | 1990 Asahi Gl HCEC - 225. | sah GNSS | HEC - ida Kashima, Japan | 50-60 pilox 1990 HCFC = 123 |Kashima’ Japan 1 800 |6. Paleo] CHAK S| 7H ere St esa tplS|area CrcHa71Sae7} 19 sod 98 269 SUMO CrcdMEAS AS 2 ole} Mee ol #7eo] WMS F FRATA MS HTH UEUYA. Bal ol 2A KIST CFCO al 7]? 44} HFC-i52a, 123, HFC-134a $9] WAS al ey of RL} 19H Vol TAA Wy 7 CFCHAI7I@HIELS| Fetal Cane a 141b/142b Ae | 3/124,HBC-125 718 HFC-13da 794 PC-225¢ca/225cb 71 HFC-152a 7) HFC-32 702 Ayal CRC 7 Halon Hal 22) et OWA 187, | | Wee le me | Wasa We Me AAEM wea 1G ANE oF8 8 Sag CRCHARS S9g7 ea aS hal SRE SAR 7t a me CFC ESM 7e AV SRA Mr CE 21 ES HR (1992)/ 187 7a Baeys wes Ade Ya de ATT AAAS VES] Asbo} AH) Leah F Saas AAS SA BIW ES ALIAS Bela] wad VA APA BEsele BIG AH M1 Bala wD Th CRC] Bish APES Pee} AG o] Fae BRS S oly} ols Fopebw 7) SAD BS] Bas 7h71 sate CECA Ae] WME VA eS CPCAAI7 Ad wFol Peyets] Hebleo] dasey AUS] MAAS CHC ALAMES THT SAA CRC AE AWS] ATA) ol ola of @ oleh. azaede Molina, M. J., and Rowland, F. S., Stratosphe- ‘hlorine ric Sink for Chlorofluoromethane: Atom Catalyzed Destruction of Ozon, Nature, 249, 810-812, 1974. Montreal Protocol on Substances That Dep- lete the Ozone Layer, Final Act, UNEP, 1987. MeLinden, M.,.and Didion, D., Quest for Alte- matives, ASHRAE Journal, 32-42, Dec. 1987. 4, USP 2,230,925 (1941) 5. USP 3,003,003 (1961) 6. USP 3,755,477 (1973) 7. 8 9. USP 4,311,863 (1982) Tt 689,700 (1965) ). GB 1,578,933 (1980) 10. JP 60-185,734 (1985) LL USP 4,258,225 (1981) 2. DE 3,009,760 (1981) GB 2,004,539 (1982) . JP 58-222,038 (1983) 15. USP 4,258,225 (1981) 16. USP 3,755,477 (1973)188 / — 17. GB 1,000,485 (1965) 18. USP 4,060,469 (197) 19. USP 4,192,822 (1980) 20. USP 4,145,368 (1979) 21. USP 4,258,225 (1981) 22. EP 187,643 (1986) 23, Br 1,000,485 (1965) 24. USP 3,258,500 (1966) 25, JP 74-03,965 (1969) 26. JP 51-039,606 (1976) 27. USP 2,894,044 (1959) 28. USP 3,755,477 (1973) 29. USP 3,235,612 (1966) 30. USP 2,892,000 (1959) 31 GB 1,910,529 (1970) 32, JP 50-106,904 (1975)