Act.

1.Hemolysis can be caused by:

 Shaking the tube too hard.
 Using a needle that is too small.
 Pulling back too hard on a syringe plunger.
 Pushing on a syringe plunger too hard when expelling blood into a collection
device.

Causes of hemolysis - LabCE.com, Laboratory Continuing Education. (n.d.). Retrieved

January 30, 2021, from www.labce.com website:
https://www.labce.com/spg15385_causes_of_hemolysis.aspx

Certain conditions can cause hemolysis to happen too fast or too often. Conditions that may
lead to hemolytic anemia include inherited blood disorders such as sickle cell disease or
thalassemia, autoimmune disorders, bone marrow failure, or infections.

Hemolytic Anemia | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). (2019, January
18). Nih.gov. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/hemolytic-anemia

2. how does an individual develop antibodies that are in immune form

The body’s immune system helps prevent or limit infection. One way the body fights foreign
invaders, like bacteria and viruses, is by making antibodies against them. An antibody is a Y-
shaped protein that’s produced by white blood cells. It’s made of two identical “arms,” each
of which has a heavy chain and a light chain. Together, these create specificity for an antigen
(the substance that’s causing an immune response).

Two different white blood cells (B cells and T cells) are involved in the body’s adaptive
immune response. This is the specific attack that the body launches against an invader after
an initial general immune response, which includes inflammation. B cells make the antibodies
that neutralize or kill specific invaders. They also present antigens to T cells. T cells carry out
multiple functions, including killing infected cells and activating or recruiting other immune
cells to help clear the infection.

Decoding the variety of human antibodies. (2019, February 11). National Institutes of
Health (NIH). https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-
matters/decoding-variety-human-antibodies
‌ari ang source guys hehe basi may mabasa man kamo da hihi

https://opentextbc.ca/biology/chapter/23-3-antibodies/

https://www.britannica.com/science/antibody ari other source

hindi ko sure diri guys ha sorry (

3. significance of testing for the presence of immune anti-A and anti-B in the
patient's blood

Clinical significance: Anti-A and anti-B are clinically significant, because even though
they react best at 4°C, they also can react at body temperature (37°C) and destroy
red cells in vivo . Moreover, they are excellent complement binders and can bind C9
and cause IVH.

https://sites.ualberta.ca/~pletendr/tm-modules/abo/70abo-antibodies.html hindi ko
ni sure guys ha pero budlay gid tana pangitaon huh sorry