12

Inquiries, Investigation,
and Immersion
Quarter 1
Module 3: Identifying the Problem and
Asking the Question: Writing a research
Introduction

Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion – Grade 12

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Quarter 1:Module 3: Identifying the Problem and Asking the Question:
Writing a Research Introduction

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein
the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office
may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.)
included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted
to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The
publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writers: April M. Bertillo

Editors: Jovelyn Florece

Reviewers: Name Emma V. Dasco, JD

Illustrator: April M. Bertillo

Layout Artist: April M. Bertillo

Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion - Grade 12

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Quarter 3 – Module 2: Identifying the Problem and Asking the Question: Writing a Research
Introduction

I. Introduction:
To measure your knowledge and ability requires a severe and thorough
application of ideas acquired during the discussion and lifetime learning. Have you ever
wondered and tried to think of a way on how to put everything you have learned into one? In
this lesson, a series of research, theories, and competencies will be required to get a discreet
result of a study. At the end of this module, you will be able to develop a clear topic for
research.

II. Objectives
At theAt theofend
end the of the lesson
lesson you you are expected to:
 Generate and brainstorm a research topic.
are expected to:
 Formulate a research problem
 Distinguish the different parts of the introduction of a research paper
 Follow the important guidelines in developing a research problem

III. Vocabulary List

Research – it is conducted to generate data or knowledge with a purpose to understand.

Definition of terms – it defines the meaning of the words used in a study
Significance of the study – it is written as part of the introduction and highlights the
importance of the research study
Limitations of the study – it defines the extent and the focus of the study
Review of Related Literature (RRL) - it talks about the knowledge, findings, existence, and
relevance of the topic.
Exploratory – this is a kind of research used to investigate for a better understanding of the
existing study/problem.
Descriptive – this is a kind of research that describes the subject and answers w-h questions
except why.
Explanatory – this is a research which begins from general to main idea and uses it for better
understanding.

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 IV. Pre-Test

Work on this!

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ENCIRCLE FIVE WORDS WHICH YOU THINK IS RELATED TO RESEARCH STUDY.

DWETERMSRPROBLEM
ESTUDYEARWORDSER
FLITERATUREAESQCS
IBAAWWQWAXVSASAW
NERYDLIMITATIONLO
IHREADERACSASERCV
TMNVCXGHYUIWDSQA
IHLYIERSOPLMLOLOP
OGHKOLL HUGEMITYK
NEATEWERYIOPLJJBL

V. Learning Activities

The Introduction of Research paper

The parts of the research introduction include:
1. Background of the study
2. Statement of the problem
3. Theoretical or conceptual framework
4. Research hypothesis
5. Definition of terms
6. Significance of the study
7. Scope and limitation of the study
8. Review of related literature

Research will require skills particularly to different academic sources related to the
research study or problem. This includes reading comprehension, writing composition
skills (grammar, punctuation, spelling, coherence, organization, style, etc.)

In this module, we’re going to focus on the 1st Chapter of

a research.

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 Activity 1
Identify the following questions and categorized according to the purpose of research.

Exploratory Descriptive Explanatory

1. How do students at our school spend their vacation?

2. Are drug trafficking cases more common than murder cases among poor citizens?
3. Does lack of knowledge and money is the main issue to resolve the pandemic we have
today?
4. How did the front liners do their job during the pandemic which lasted from 2019-
2020?
5. How do the poor Filipino families cope up with the learning that is implemented
today?

Practice Activity 2.

The fundamental core of a research question is It focuses on the study,

determines the methodology, and guides all stages of inquiry, analysis, and reporting.

Features of a Good Research Questions

 Relevant.
 Manageable in terms of research and your academic abilities.
 Substantial and with original dimensions.
 Consistent with the requirements of the assessment.
 Clear and simple.
 Interesting.

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 Let’s do this!

Match the following examples to which specific part of the research study.

A B

_______1) How does the Philippine _______a) Definition of Terms

government address on today’s issue about
its citizen while under quarantine?

_______b) Significance of the study

_______c) Statement of the problem

________d) Scope and limitation of the

________2) study
_______3) Literature

A study of morality as it is depicted ________e) Research hypothesis

in literature. A look at how good and
bad are played out in classic
literature. An examination of the
cultural role of literature in our
society

_______4) Women are not only seen

uncovered towards the illustration of scope
and limitations in thesis writing of the legal
rights, but additionally constantly scope
stereotyping if this thesis towards the
students and distribution of family
responsibilities.

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 _______5) If you keep the curtains closed,
then less electricity will be used to heat or
cool the house (electric bill will be lower)

Practice Activity 3. Figure this out!

Shop theft - As a Universal Criminological Problem - is a Serious
Economic Problem, with a Negative Effect on Company Profitability.

Introduction

Crime is one of the most serious problems South Africa faces today. It puts a strain on
the public, the business community, the economy and the government. Shop theft is a specific
type of theft that is a cause for serious concern, and compels criminologists to conduct
research regarding this issue. The main focus of this research will be on the South African
shop theft situation, as it manifests in a township environment. It specifically examines shop
theft perpetrators in terms of age, gender and scholastic details, with emphasis on the extent
of young people=s involvement. The nature of shop theft as a criminal offence is also
analysed from a criminological point of view. Furthermore, this chapter deals with the basic
notions regarding the theory of research methodology, and describes the practical execution
of the research as it was conducted for this study. Cant (1991:203) mentions that research, as
a scientific enterprise, is carried out with a particular consideration in mind - the discovering
of new facts regarding a specific phenomenon. These facts are then used to describe and
measure human behaviour in a particular social environment. In order to acquire these
intended research goals, it is imperative that the research findings should be accurate, and
possess a precision that is statistically measurable. In order to comply with such standards,
this chapter will now focus on an explanation of the methodology used. The content focuses
on aspects such as the research design, the aim of the research study, definitions of key terms
and the method and procedures of data collection. The scope of the study, in terms of
universum, number of participating schools, and the duration of the study will also be
discussed. The rationale behind the use of a 2 random sample, the survey questionnaire and
the number of completed questionnaires will be examined. Other factors such as ethical
issues and the pilot study will be reviewed. Challenges encountered during the research, such
as the accuracy of detail, poor instructions, and defects in the formulation of the questionnaire

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will be addressed, and overall remarks will be made. Finally, there will be a brief outline of
the presentation of the research report. The main purpose of this chapter is to highlight the
problem statement, and discuss the research steps, procedures and processes undertaken in
this research study. The aims and hypotheses of the study will also receive attention.
Permission to conduct such a study, as well as the data capturing and statistical analysis of
the data will be clarified. The definition of the conceptual delimitation, as well as access and
ethical issues, will also be discussed

Reference:

FinalebogangIntroductionchapter1. “Chapter1 Introduction and research Methodology”

Retrieved from 2020, June 25
http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/1396/05chapter1.pdf

Answer the following questions on the table based on the excerpt provided
above.

What is the Why is it a How it should Why it should What is the

Problem? problem? be be solved? purpose of the
addressed? study?

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Criteria:

Grammar Coherence Thought Total

Organization
40% 30% 100%
30%

Take note of this:

Previous studies should be relevant to the history of the issue.

Determine the current state of knowledge and become familiar with current research.
Jot down the important and accurate information.
Write a brief statement of the general purpose of the study
Clarification of some words must be the collection of difficult words that are found in
the research.

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 Seek
opinion and
ask experts
Replicate Ensure its
previous significance
study

Techniques in
Developing a
Interesting Must be
Research Topic into a
to the innovative
Research Question
researcher

Clearly stated Define

objective
outcome

In developing a research topic, a researcher must exhaust all the resources to avoid
misunderstanding in doing the study chosen. One should seek assistance from the people
around or either the literature materials read to come up with an interesting topic. It should be
innovative or pioneer to assure that the issue isn’t cliché to the previous studies. The topic
should also be clearly stated and must define the objective outcome.

VI. Practice Tasks

Show that you have learned something by doing this activity.

Practice Task #1 Sort it out!

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Instruction: List down the dos and don’ts in writing a research problem.

1. 1.

2. 2.
3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

Rubrics:
Points Content Grammar
5 Can give appropriate and You committed no or
relevant information on minimal grammatical error
doing research topic in the output
3 You were able to provide You committed two (2) to
partially relevant three (3) errors in the output
information.

Practice Task #2 Do this!

Using the excerpt in Activity 3 Figure this out. Answer the following by indicating the
information provided in the excerpt.

Research topic: ___________________________________________________________________

Statement of the problem: _________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

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Background of the problem: _______________________________________________________

Guide Questions:
1. What is the topic you would like to conduct a study about?
2. What issue makes the researcher conduct a study about the topic?
3. What is the background of the topic that makes it necessary to study?

Practice activity #3

In continuation of writing a research, write at least 5 terminologies and definitions that will
be used in your study.
1. Term: ______________________
Meaning: _____________________
2. Term: ______________________
Meaning: _____________________
3. Term: ______________________
Meaning: _____________________
4. Term: ______________________
Meaning: _____________________
5. Term: ______________________
Meaning: _____________________

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 VII. Post Test

The learner’s knowledge must be put into test to identify the skills and ability in
applying the theories and ideas learned from the previous discussions. It is necessary to check
whether you learned something or might need to be refreshed with the different activities.
One way to find out is to check your understanding through an application of the lesson
discussed with the use of activities.

Choose one from the topic provided below in creating your research
introduction.

1. Advantages of studying internationally versus locally

2. Pros and Cons of e-learning
3. Cybercrime is the new terrorism
4. How modern-day heroes shape young people
5. Analysis of strategies used to alter consumer attitudes
6. How depression affects human behavior
7. Second-hand smoke is the major cause of lung cancer deaths
8. The civil rights movement and the effects
9. Children should be taught at school about various types of sexual orientation
10. How technology is revolutionizing terrorism

Rubrics:
Presentation THE THE THE TOTAL
(Coherence, BACKGROUND REVIEW OF CONCEPTUAL
Spelling & RELATED FRAMEWORK
MATERIALS AND

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 Grammar, THEORETICAL
Organization FRAMEWORK
and Content) OF THE STUDY

(30%) (20%) (20%) (30%) (100%)

VIII. Assignment/Additional Activities

Reminder:
The conceptual framework is to clarify concepts, provide a context, and explain
observations. While the theoretical framework is more formal and used in studies which is
derived from specific concepts and propositions.
See links for further information:
https://www.lifepersona.com/5-examples-of-theoretical-framework-for-understanding-the-
concept
https://www.slideshare.net/ludymae/chapter-6theoretical-conceptual-framework
https://classroom.synonym.com/difference-between-conceptual-theoretical-framework-
8769890.html

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Activity: Make an illustration of a conceptual framework and theoretical framework of the
chosen topic on the list provided below and provide at least 10 definitions of terms.

1. Advantages of studying internationally versus locally

2. Pros and Cons of e-learning
3. Cybercrime is the new terrorism
4. How modern-day heroes shape young people
5. Analysis of strategies used to alter consumer attitudes
6. How depression affects human behavior
7. Second-hand smoke is the major cause of lung cancer deaths
8. The civil rights movement and the effects
9. Children should be taught at school about various types of sexual orientation
10. How technology is revolutionizing terrorism

Rubrics:
THE CONCEPTUAL Presentation TOTAL
FRAMEWORK AND (Coherence, Spelling &
THEORETICAL Grammar, Organization, and
FRAMEWORK OF THE Content)
STUDY
Graphics/Illustration

(30%) (70%) (100%)

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 IX. Answer Key

Pre-test

1. Definition
DWETERMSRPROBLEM 2. Problem
3. Literature
ESTUDYEARWORDSER 4. Study
FLITERATUREAESQCS 5. Limitation
6. Reader
IBAAWWQWAXVSASAW 7. Terms
NERYDLIMITATIONLO
IHREADERACSASERCV
TMNVCXGHYUIWDSQA
IHLYIERSOPLMLOLOP
OGHKOLL HUGEMITYK
NEATEWERYIOPLJJBL

Learning Activities

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 Activity 1

Exploratory
Descriptive
Explanatory
Exploratory
Explanatory

Activity 2

1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. E

References:

Delacruz, A. (2018). Applications and Practice of Research for Senior High School:
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion. Phoenix Publishing House (27-60)

IHelptoStudy.Com 2016 | “Scope and limitation sample in thesis writing”

Original article: https://ihelptostudy.com/scope-and-limitation-sample-in-thesis-writing.html

Gonzaga, I. (2015). Slideshare “Parts of Chapter 1 of a Research Paper”

https://www.slideshare.net/sabsgonzaga/chapter-1-of-a-research-paper

ResearchPaperWriter.net (2006-2020). “101 English Research Paper Topics,

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Questions and Ideas” Accessed from https://researchpaperwriter.net/english-research-paper-
topics/
University of Rochester (1996-2020)s”Participating in a Research Study”
Retrieved fromhttps://www.rochester.edu/ohsp/subject/participatingInResearch.html

CivicsInstitute.org (2011-2017 )“How to Write Definitions of Terms

in a Research Paper: Useful Example”http://www.civicsinstitute.org/how-to-makedefinitions-
of-terms-in-a-research-paper.html

Reading and Writing Haven (2017). 6 Ways to Differentiate Research Paper

Lessons” Retrieved from https://www.readingandwritinghaven.com/6-ways-to-differentiate-
research-paper-lessons/

Jon Zamboni 2018,July 26. “Difference Between Conceptual & Theoretical

Framework” https://classroom.synonym.com/theoretical-orientation-research-
articles-7798312.html

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