Usama Khan

23110179

Operations Management

Zehra Waheed

22nd March 2020

Job: The medication process my grandmother goes through every 3.5 hours

Therbligs
1. Held from arms and positioned so she lays on the bed with her back straight.
2. Held from legs and slid them towards the floor so she can sit with her feet touching the
floor.
3. Held from her hands and pulled upwards so she can stand up, held in this position for
around 5 seconds.
4. Move her left hand up till they can be as straight as possible vertically, hold the position
for around 5 seconds, and return the hand back to original position.
5. Move her right hand up till they can be as straight as possible, hold the position for
around 5 seconds, and return the hand back to original position.
6. Hold her from hands and supported so she can sit on her bed.
7. Hold the jug and pour water into the cup.
8. Open the medication box and find the medicine pack she takes at that particular time.
9. Push the medicine out into the palm and place the medicine pack back in the box.
10. Pick up the cup with the the other hand and hand it over to grandmother.
11. Put the tablet in her mouth.
12. Take the cup back from her and put on table after she swallows tablet and drinks water.
13. Close the medicine box.
14. Hold her from the legs and slide them up towards the bed so she can lay on her bed.
15. Hold her arms and position her so that she lays in a comfortable position.

Triggers
1. This step starts the moment the caretaker touches my grandmother’s arms.
2. This step starts the moment the caretaker touches my grandmother’s feet.
3. This step starts the moment the caretaker touches my grandmother’s hands.
4. This step starts the moment first move is made to lift the left hand up.
5. This step starts the moment first move is made to lift the right hand up.
6. This step starts as soon as the caretaker holds grandmother’s both hands again.
7. This step starts when the caretaker touches the jug.
8. This step starts when the caretaker touches the medicine box.
9. This step starts when the caretaker touches the medicine pack.
10. This step starts when the caretaker touches the cup.
11. This step starts when the first move is made to reach grandmother’s mouth.
12. This step starts when the caretaker touches the cup.
13. This step starts when the caretaker touches the medicine box.
14. This step starts when the caretaker touches my grandmother’s feet.
15. This step starts when the caretaker touches my grandmother’s arms.
 Therbligs
Cycle No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 total time mean time
1 8 7 9 12 13 4 7 6 5 3 11 3 7 8 7 110 110
2 11 8 10 14 12 5 6 5 4 3 10 4 8 10 9 119 114.5
3 13 9 8 12 9 5 8 7 4 4 12 3 7 9 10 120 116.3333333
4 9 10 11 14 11 4 8 6 5 5 14 4 9 10 9 129 119.5
5 9 9 9 13 13 6 9 4 6 3 12 3 10 11 9 126 120.8
6 10 11 9 12 12 7 7 5 5 3 14 3 8 10 8 124 121.3333333

Calculating the Standard Deviation

Mean 121.3333 x-mean Squared
x-mean -11.3333 128.4444
-2.33333 5.444444
-1.33333 1.777778
7.666667 58.77778
4.666667 21.77778
2.666667 7.111111

Standard deviation 6.683313

The standard deviation of my data is 6.683313.

The data calculated and recorded above is in seconds. The observations value I got for +-010% error
of the sample mean was 1.165562, which after rounding should be considered as 1. After taking time
error into account, I reached an observation value of 6.863659, which after rounding should be
considered as 7. The time error I took in this case was 5 seconds.

For +-10% error of the sample mean,

Z=1.96, s=6.683313, a=0.1, x=121.3333

Observations= (1.96(6.683313)/0.1(121.3333)^2 = 1.16 (The answer should be considered as 1

because we always round)

For adjustment of time error,

Z=1.96, s=6.683313, e=5

Observations= (1.96(6.683313)/5)^2 = of 6.863659 (The answer should be considered as 7 because

we always round)
Accuracy observation

z-value 1.96
standard dev 6.683313
accuracy 0.1
mean 121.3333

observations 1.165562

Time error 5
observations 6.863659

As more readings are taken, the accuracy of the cycle measurement increases. If we observe the
formulae used to calculate observations, and plug in different values of error to find the
observations needed for a particular error, we see that the law of numbers is indeed true. To
summarize, if we increase the percentage error, the observations needed decrease (number of
observations is inversely proportional to the percentage error). In other words, increased accuracy
and reduced error means more observations will be needed. To illustrate and give evidence, if I use
an error of 0.15% instead of 10%, I get 0.52 observations whereas for 10% my answer for
observations was 1.165562.

Standard time can be calculated for this particular job. In order to find the standard time
successfully, we will have to follow a few steps. We will be needing Normal Time, which we find by
multiplying the mean time or the observed time by a rating. Since the job I chose require no
customized or specialized skills, we will take the rating as 1. This makes our normal time to come out
as (121.33*1=121.33). Now for the next step, we have to multiply our normal time by an allowance
factor. For this particular job, I took the allowance factor as 5%. This gives us a standardized time of
(121.33*1.05=127.4).

The variances that can effect my job can come from many different reasons. Some of these reasons
include:

1. When holding my grandmother’s hand vertically straight, the doctor suggested to hold it for
around 5 seconds but the caretaker doesn’t follow a fixed time, she just carries with the
procedure based on her judgement.
2. This task also includes a lot of what I will call the “human factor.” Since my grandmother is a
patient, a lot depends on her wellness at the time of her medicine time. Sometimes, she
likes to take her own sweet time during some steps, some of which include getting up,
swallowing a pill, and drinking her water.
3. My grandmother takes one tablet every 3.5 hours, but the tablets are change at different
times, and hence their packs are also change. Some variance can also come from how fast
the caretaker can find the particular medicine pack in the medicine box needed at that time.
4. Some of the tasks order can be changed, hence variance can arise from the order as well in
this case. For example, the caretaker can place the tablet in grandmother’s mouth directly
without wasting time in putting the pack back first. Similar changes in the task orders can
reduce or increase the time taken to complete the job.
5. The effect of how far the medicine box, water jug, and cup are placed is minimal on the
time. However, they still can effect the time taken to complete this job.