OPEN PIT MINE PLANNING & DESIGN Volume I — Fundamentals WILLIAM HUSTRULID reno Mg Exe, Une of ak, Sal Lab ip. Va MARK KUCHTA, epmenf Mng Experi, Clk Schl Mies, Gon, Colors © Taylor & Francscn secre Cay ec UA pipe ear ae seca tn Sete Se eno Tyr Fy teen sagen racer eay nee, eng i ofa pene acetone ead meee” ee rt eieemnonaesi ow pate a Ce ak sa The Neer ‘afc imme wwe cerencon Cer meoenegs | ‘Contents raerice Semcon Uk Teenie oye (a neem ee keane 12 by perwnn ea ©0096 000 0000000 00600000000066080000000000090 00000000000900090000900 Ope pt mine pling ond ein: Pens 110 nme i rs 103 Theron plasing se Lit Asam poe ets pres 2 MINING REVENUES ANDCOSTS 22, Een saat ow 226 Canton) HEP Diabet tow OOP oy TE Cahn imine elton He Gaon 24S ‘mesphoman cater PA? Quand ming cstesinaes Bia Govemors assesae 34 Composing el mee ca sens ta tot 333 Cammnots cotter AS4 Conf nage eae tera 26 Mehasefvncat acon gee cnc war ee 23 Ree 26 Biskno 203 Com aging hips 29 Shunt pesca 332 Repco 394 Douay tapas by manent ots 3955 Qumumcionots agosto eT" cin 312 Comecpmen M03 Kragenmn bt Bett einain rate Sins Biting 306 Common seid wh ete ‘ome ec 107 Coens in nis | GEOMETRICAL CONSIDERATIONS. 41 edaion eT cee 123 rotons Set Pout 443 Mime perigee ct Comets " oe BSEEEEESTS Y KEES PUREE REEERBE ERE:‘Ope min lamin on desig: Funds 43. Pere gemay Te iain $62 Goometanc ehgrand ‘ea Ceertve $65 Shy oar wl scons G6 Slopes aa reeation LED Slopeanaatenme 463 laroms mpc! al sop aa. 47 Pansy bh game) SE sion ae SE Deuter oteapeaamp ouside wl ea Deng ta wack, {5 Tweet yaad 12 Readsocincsign S03 Staihsemeneren 95 Chmenen pee Bom even 136 Melontem en TRk Ponsa dle nd sien ‘somrunars| S22 Tencaecion 3H Tntntpim pen nce S35. Ulin arp tims one eu bien ore S26 Redd scion 32) Clea pti Sh terete 2 page geBeeeeeeeee gegaeee #49 eee 8 ae @ 58 Modicnion of eco Gosiane 2D apie 57 TeireheGramam-D agin 524 Twomyendes ote conancton 324 These ane apo app} 525 Recent ch?) 332 _Arsrecampira coemle oF SST te rape $2. Compar nnd gs ed op one ‘re00UCTION PLANNING 62 Smet inept ie comp 63 Byte ends 84 Sepcnine nna pte 63 Cohnow causa 8S nl i glancing (C6 Over pring the lt si dion (652 Incense 64 Panes cree 67 tes got on iataeton 634 Anica S25 Cigna ot 68 Merial desta onion Sot nase S82 Tales emp sbermaie S84 Temeyaetemaine 9 Racine 694 Some xing cunpes i 610 Pan ac despe {101 ain {6103 Mont pasth ck dig camp So© 0000000000000 00000808908 E2H000O00 Open it min plang and desi: Pandas 6104 Tapa pans (03. Eyumen fescue 11 Theil Sg pote sammy a csi mes eter : 1 REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND ORE RESERVES ao Ee am i Sector i ieee 2 2 oso #3 eater Eh ES a enemein TM Gisoealneeon a msg or i ap [ERESPONSIBLEMINING. Envenment RA held Cimino Evrnment et Devehment (1987) 9 BS Te Rindecain ‘Ns Stan Susie Dope (SSD) Miya ming ney ee 122, Roo Mii nine OMD [ATS eran Coe on Ming an Meal ICM) [TA Mining Meals State Developme SD) R73 The US. Conrmen nee and mnapemet 826 Repost fe 8 Nal Mig Ain HA) ‘Rope Ming wy fred wenPreface to the 2nd Edition rete ryin rn9s eesery Penner ete Seca eaniae ee Fe Slocchr pcestnntimenvne rotor sree game eat arene Rectan cates atmrmesncmeneee Somrtoaeeee carapace “ee acre eaten eee ares incretrtoteeeee Risuinntier aeicewaaccoteamiemaeoet ena artnet ‘ecards rece teem Sing ig ‘some ae ds te yet pd ‘trig Fay. er on ne km pants poe ot ‘rtm wile Gnu pin The a oo ‘Ase eh iil ening te in pope a pe nd ‘Seven one deal Cape rman twee hat ‘Sine sate a mht forms cp gh ‘The ths wo natn he Cana oof Mg Meta ‘Reyes Det Ps Cine Char? The Asn a ag ‘Metany (Athan opera anthe 3ORE 20 Cee ‘eT conway pe ny ued by Pos Met We ee ‘Stain rs Ps Net an Shays Me Ree Te Enc Red ‘snc owed te nano he c n Tae CM Mi Sean Ea ‘eacNicVPHDMED, al Weer Mine Engg ved wl cs Te she sy Beye nic carly compedy te US Depetmen ie US Bitar Sanat Us Grapes 0000 000060000000000000000008000000Open it ming plain and desig: Fodametls nme Uh Core pny pri te el i of Bing Ca ‘pi me aly ody Kec Bane inn in Nero re con Depa of Rees Mess Dino Mn on Pn sn Bt of yor wiht i eon ani i ee ii a About the Authors Wii Hard sad Mr Ening te ‘itr nc apc ote on {iret Ry ef a Cong pone i en iy mth vain Cnr ‘hey lance Oosang Peso eine me Coos ‘Svat hes ne Ont © rng Ne tam Sere rey aon a aon crc op ee oe Ses a ‘Natty tegen Se He oye te oo PforEne (erty Und mgs Hosa ing ens indo Srp Rose, Stu arbuaaurcnet be PD ope tm Tek Seen hehe gt EnpimcigttCno Sa of Mie He ey ied aon rs cage sh ‘ice nce nr ay mie Tepe veep ct malo pte Wold mas. be delet ‘lap energies try Cons ps se iy sd ae ctw singe dtp frre eaeCHAPTER 1 Mine planning 1 TRopucrion Lt The meaning for see things usin sadam Mining come and one wich tides {San er) ee be ‘eA meio ae er an gare of mein mia mo 8 ‘mht eae hich fom andy of eminent poo oe ‘estan of metic ened at “Pir sandr detonate of tng mn eo ‘woeripe meter ascetic Ont yea wage ofc ‘ees by may tons row acs wee cate oe oe 'yRinc(973 woud pete meeps eel ren a ge (Oe: Anata ep one tetli mp w n ne oe iho or mre minal pcs cs ena aps, Tats boot te flowng een sige eo ie wt stad poe Aiea dios mmr how: eh mine ok wat hey ‘es To eet he ead om spl stern i iy mee “otter proceed yee he men af wt ened es “Tiekey conc etacleng pot eeepc pice ed Inde gion mat Profs = Reems ~ Cs a “Tere tion fe an cane writen Revs = Mate (i) «Pita “ “Teco cone simile (oss = Matai) Cott wo Pos = Meri al it) (ice — Cony on© 0000000000080 OOOOOOOHOOOHOOOOOOOS 2 Open pl mine pling and dein: Pomel ‘Ast enh cassie th cy Phxncin lore mers dy sen man ‘Sn tem eps ener wd te pte Tepe eed sat ee ne {Sty td spyder Ta te pec a tno ey ‘Sera he Whee mt ep Screening on ‘nS Ate npc yi pet entons he te new acl, Hee oan ple ver Beg em ‘ingen motes sd ase sar ad eet pens ieeredocng cos he psi Ths dye gh ser sacs fh ‘Sp nl and be mcqueen rep In teeta ee ‘Coinstar tces ae angemrementy esprit frase sl eee empath ew ‘peng iy denen nore tinge aan Adar kep ep ed ‘Scunny yep cqnion ss rls <0 as) “hin deo nee ral cnc ie emp conga. Some fre mane Gite tn rad ob Of = Prat = ee 0 “oes mates ysis that ‘icant pr Ionic requnlant Hessen othe wees tanc i eeu of ac cts mr! oie Sng ‘ina peteen center anereingy coop wld 112 Some impo dations ect, dey, prin a mil nt Ce ara, Te ech for nc doi pci) an he ste sete a ay do a ao ey ch ase a bn et. ‘vps Ns nos mins et ser explains Sched we fen und a ly exten, er mk ea aon Thighs et cig nap pon be ery carly ted nen ed with he i wel ead ad ccepied ant rte manor om Te eins hve ced cea ‘Sie ebolgy wade trcaene onto och hged On ray 2 139 tego ‘A Gur Reprint Infemain, Resour nd Rae tpepoed Wong ay 99 re Rene Deo he Sse of Moa, Fics and Epa SME. wn Setnend 0 SME Bad of Deen (SME Mie planing 5 1990 Ta ep mbit plished fr cian I iain, ost Rr emasngpat ) e ‘Reefer pee ecto tesa ty ees pon ‘coma rue and sre ee Pe “ice nena now, een norman my bce Sone pcon fe usr Ti a se a Detons rn nmin, enn et fon i pe ‘cic depos oo i he seca saa eo Se Eat et ne cnn eal a Awe. Aconcagua in to Ie srenton carey or ony ese Lan, dei nde ‘ove or einaes om see grolpeal ence of ang Sees FSS tt mh na ee tng or ibs pr uly acme om he ef ee Dig The ses ripen, saga meme es ity ae tebe chat ves a pe hn or ae of pm nn tga mag eT sip octet oe4 Ope pir mine planing od desig: Pandanetle neat iy gia ity we cmp om oman ii ‘Sttserapatorn ome ac wean spc Th eget rem ough iower te at mene meen hh env 0 sme eal iy one Ens een pg ence and acuta wich terete corce han reared me rae ees needa nay etic mere! y sees maureen bh ras ppnd {yeoman (ropa pests gp rae, our Arcs ene tance ps ‘Seley semen gay Secret ean Th ay oo td a iaeSyeaa el montenete Tecra cat ny teres es yatem conn pls ht pote cco podscon nd ees ve _nenssptins bee sic aaa demas Teaspoon mode ‘Mote notable ncudigseupoeconceming the peroneal preva Tego tingly nt al pe ed x ing sed ceing ar seen ober at ease es compet eel Mowe or ‘eretnsus nal bey psc nett conconog smc i Attn whet eon Pmt arc satrap npn sia le quedo show eed es lng em my eee eactoepeuton eprom {Tein tome ald eed for reprint, ese nd | nema Tm hn nine ie ‘Strecowmeumsine cepts been mows, hd ee { Nowra renee (© lero ‘Ecos lieved ws fe ne Soar Min (SEN) and Ud Mine planning 5 Sates Geol Suey (USGS) csi seme The ‘ma mula steton by pe pening apes tat apie fe cae 2. Reser Aree cin sabi no cae (a) Rebar Icon ites gel end Th as ‘ore sad ee ne ‘esa aight common wlan die eee shee, Material tried by deters ala the eit Seo barn oe Pree cette tena ene nga te tere [iscecanmendt tt proven and bse mares be eponed spear Win ‘em cave wim mci oven ope teamed seed roves onl rte eso 12 MINEDEVELOPMENT PHASES ‘The mney proces ic sown Sigrmmatialyin Fgce 12. As ante sen pst ings n he mts pce owas eo ned Sma ee eee ese Teron man, ania aes pid in negra ps ree inginthe soe am dtienionf depen: Toph nce ep an oie intchnlogs pv tse epost my bcame seg The dee et ‘hens rah caked exiting es coomme scene Mclean es ile eed he ‘pang pe’ fs poe ee, IE. Teens ee ‘phi ib th pepuaton of easy ep Bad mths ein oe ‘oe so thor ato pce cao ocr cdo in and coxceneing ics ederon Tha cre eterna ee ‘eno Sandton use Fly rth podelone eyesore scree moc plete tri avec Te ence of he ming emer mo oct he ning Pe rhe Pin ae eg ‘tosh elon pare ne saps “Thcimplennsion pheno sper Les, 98) Tides adcontion se inn edn, permenant Se tne eet ‘csr othe re, ronmes pay el by epg he ine ae "reise minum The second ge coming. Ta el epeaion te ‘edi cepcat negate en000000000000 0COOOCOOHOOOOOOOOO OOOO 6 Opepit mine plang an ds: adams y f ci a= fer ve MINERAL SUPPLY PROCESS Sabb wero ar Fee ae into a ‘esting cn mas Ry oad ‘Tema pe tn 8 Tests omens Prat Surapong sn gay oe prod se ‘cued el Oran omen ie a of ea Se Mine laming 7 ‘scan te ening an ney Le (98), ‘pling pas ofr berets eppcy omni he cept ondeperatag es ‘fiesta pect tment the apatite see Be ‘cpr are mapas ofthe poe cna he ona ering tees ‘foal dase no eeepc har nee the plain pase. ‘Ais ore coup yes eae eine co ce he enfin rmetnpoe te den ar mae ces reheat, ue at ‘clang pre heoppotant onan ea feeb danse Tac by inc te co of he ret mnths farther at me tac at sma ring he design ge Art nd of cman prod ee ese ‘ren ence one ‘he owner of shaper wi cus onthe aie condi wii te ping 13. ANINITALDATA COLLECTION CHECKLIST ne inl plain ager any nw pot ee aa et umber fet of ‘iat Grere peeing coisa Some of Se tas can ey ae Stoeger yen er che aan ‘ar deity 75) Suncor adn oe ens ‘Gmc ame ae 5) pores (2) US ape (8) Spec atl ora ney (aA 1 Spree . Mona eps (© Pepa ‘rrae sme ecpiaton ‘ser snow and ad Wine1 Openpitmine planing ond deve Pandomene a ee Benge ou a =a ome ee eee eee ones =, dese een oa See ioe Sea =< ive eens Mine ping $ (3) Suni sm for ery est. (© Ohm fagnenaon ener Deg weaing Sire oe es 1. naomi tof con Fr apt (2 Me tao at apr dowai (Sie eprnion (Powe ener Gray wo pine (6 Tig pe evi Bow ing (e) Malmen fe * pcielan tebe eos (8 ncaa ee mag tes of ate plano down es Poni ecm wate (@ ngs de eaten et (0 bia wero (© Acne aon cia di Sena tae Sexe! ane Minin ose, (© scented onpny Face cms) Dees ere ‘ern da conons10 Openpitmine planning and desig: Fundamentals (or arsiaiey vt Revo ng of etaamreariii eimanisane 1 Tonteasiegmpetn erent gn pis ey oily imei Bateaea fesabencienacr tor 4 Timon wen i pn tee dy pa [Ewa paldmoee ee OS ane mt tia Sages ton Sea eS ane ae en etn Genpact mae mesa. eo =e ete Samat cg of fr congue pt. rteoapuang eto ~ Cpa ce ey gre ean ithe eres pep eet Dine tetera ayy eer Danette id he deminer en po as Stem ain ming de i ‘Mine planing 1S a ee eae ee eee cece Shain pm ting cenit mp we ya pl Siete stagrestpomane mt in eyo po Siete ceeeecerreemereny ATR cg ce ih sn co qs ol 7 Seng sap pa oah ey. ee 7 Reacts pera oe ee nn Sie (aa gute cfm a chi. eh becom of a CE smectite te = Phang sons nt pe perenne no em Sore pale Me et aan “Gin near gh se tinge SESS ann se ene natin ct oer om lt eh15 Open pi min planing and desig: Pndamenale Qe Mae sen an oe ie | the [REE erm oer Mien spree Som ie ig Sar {ops emer a, coenyeacane od i mater Somes ha reaere eee “Theme wan ed pla ee perm Be etme ei ‘Caste mene em i pton ten em nh prig nied Mine pawiog 7 1S. PLANNING costs. ‘The con oe ses (Lee, 194) ee tlh, pening pn the ie ak sts oe re he fy eg wc the ne aes Fe mesiped wd meine ere over, oer of mao oe Seal pe uence co ems a i {Sn pind meat ese, moor nd pring neo at eee ‘scm exp a prenatal coos pee Cenepl > 0. 00% pe Priel: 021008 ot Fey sy: 051015 pent 16 ACCURACY oF ESTIMATES ‘The ml etd nhs etn has Hee gence frm epg Mine ‘Waton nd Fey Ses peso y Tyr (97) 16.1 Tomgeand grade ‘eb, y reson of mip senpg md eens hc he wage mining {ae of sae cred oaape ly tte Enorn wan spe links Sy 298, {Ss vey sand wasn mete, Auge einee anew Sheet cn ta eo Sep he prc mig nt np at nnge 0 may ep ens ‘che dnd tt ieee ate pret he By teases ‘apse we uy, ne open economy sia tb eg Sek stor lt aly i ene punt gmk acer fe eon et oe ee [LA mio see ut mule Tra es ha ah ws ar ‘ced ie ey repeat aon wih ceed 2. Aa line eae pen, pd easly seeps, seld te ‘set oe dene es elated by mig a wn wc amp ‘nating mnt nrc 162 Peformance Tis ees to hs — dupa nd mre. Open pt mig is ne wl ‘hse etme rsh enya we acer peed ‘edhe snaiaedra (shovels oc) we say mace Perea ins ifaw wa wae sping ip) image Cat ma ean ot ae ‘ee ey heed 2 ped fr be ey ea “oetoupytoracoecenttrienrokand ehr henthing nas th ian ap Tepe orig dp ne wel enc fe apices18 Openpitmine planing oa desir: Fundamentals mains state fa of te hadnt an by, Thee quae mt rf sn ca ats pote ew Conran Ip te oy wnsp vlog he aca of perry an be ae ‘actus rps ey tints eins mas metre pn ee ‘yp Api sty stony om ag ea 163. Cou Sue cost ims aya pring el iri tom me mie nd oe ‘Sram espa opera conesimaing gnc mon in amis ae (fomoranaprcts st shgnc pan rind ead tem Telatareads ‘rey whee pt nme cnn slant de cto. “Cong alowmce tn ore fr porto ens ge pot sefornt ning sth aso in lying ase rngcotcton, ot [Bint canuio once roe we pl. Tose net cage ‘emcee asc leet a nn vanced dne niringli oulnrerenpneith “Pe cory of ip al pring cot eater ces te pj anes ‘samconepul opin easy sage Normal sexpert foray secon tbe le, 84 Conceal pct Prin std 20 pet Fey way $10 peat ‘vas sod eae a he pe of wk th copa a rinses ‘Seng muta pyaar msn money Bro even Ie Rtgenine memes teint macsnaieto changes ran ‘Seve tegen ayo he expense ome Rouse pvedy re gop err emer roe pce Oh sce Gye et oie nd) egy at ee “he muiceSurmems sf mee mci ng epi e wal frd sapien ote rl ml pce monet Tyco nly pa ‘ator avge mpm eto tar th oie nd comer ‘etsy wah fm nay tor aly cet te omer pret re ‘Seed pet sha ol ys newest aol pea. Mine laeg 9 |) FEASIBILITY STUDY PREPARATION “The fei sn i ar underking hing many pope and win ‘re Tee eet wei cath wipro se te oe cons heb wor erate oe re enc companies Canned onthe flowing aes an elven spol) cng the planing {Sip epg Sor) an cusp) ep wich mlb ‘oda seas Waren devlopesby L188, 191) ‘eins of wie exec nd spb wal Fred nee ad Sheth decom and vii ees saya Omeseh tengo ate foowing ec recent = et Got etoon: = Contant ‘92: El apron nam Tear cn of ye meer Setidemphaiz ese uae “man ips 2 Conley ena = Compe pvomle song metpesonsies, Gentes tte te ach te pencnsn ps, hood he ppc Tha Soper sn Sep 3: Delop wok tae sere, Te Wak row Sc (WBS) Sy ie hei einen of Ca ges (AACE 22 1 petrol amily eit of arta, fore, ais nd te tems epee alta sane ae ‘The WBS facile fal clement ewan et ona Begs tsps hss of et psa roo mek meat ‘He WBs s poet ene each am ary poe suger "AWS imple comms roca hey ews he ope pj fr ny) anes td nog paps wk he pay